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Kaur J, Rana P, Matta T, Sodhi RK, Pathania K, Pawar SV, Kuhad A, Kondepudi KK, Kaur T, Dhingra N, Sah SP. Protective effect of olopatadine hydrochloride against LPS-induced acute lung injury: via targeting NF-κB signaling pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:603-627. [PMID: 37847473 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morbidity and mortality rates associated with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) are high (30-40%). Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor, associated with transcription of numerous cytokines leading to cytokine storm, and thereby, plays a major role in ALI/ARDS and in advanced COVID-19 syndrome. METHODS Considering the role of NF-κB in ALI, cost-effective in silico approaches were utilized in the study to identify potential NF-κB inhibitor based on the docking and pharmacokinetic results. The identified compound was then pharmacologically validated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) rodent model of acute lung injury. LPS induces ALI by altering alveolar membrane permeability, recruiting activated neutrophils and macrophages to the lungs, and compromising the alveolar membrane integrity and ultimately impairs the gaseous exchange. Furthermore, LPS exposure is associated with exaggerated production of various proinflammatory cytokines in lungs. RESULTS Based on in silico studies Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Olo), an FDA-approved drug was found as a potential NF-κB inhibitor which has been reported for the first time, and considered further for the pharmacological validation. Intraperitoneal LPS administration resulted in ALI/ARDS by fulfilling 3 out of the 4 criteria described by ATS committee (2011) published workshop report. However, treatment with Olo attenuated LPS-induced elevation of proinflammatory markers (IL-6 and NF-κB), oxidative stress, neutrophil infiltration, edema, and damage in lungs. Histopathological studies also revealed that Olo treatment significantly ameliorated LPS-induced lung injury, thus conferring improvement in survival. Especially, the effects produced by Olo medium dose (1 mg/kg) were comparable to dexamethasone standard. CONCLUSION In nutshell, inhibition of NF-κB pathway by Olo resulted in protection and reduced mortality in LPS- induced ALI and thus has potential to be used clinically to arrest disease progression in ALI/ARDS, since the drug is already in the market. However, the findings warrant further extensive studies, and also future studies can be planned to elucidate its role in COVID-19-associated ARDS or cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Priyanka Rana
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Tushar Matta
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur Sodhi
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Khushboo Pathania
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Sandip V Pawar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Tanzeer Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Neelima Dhingra
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Bains M, Kaur J, Akhtar A, Kuhad A, Sah SP. Anti-inflammatory effects of ellagic acid and vanillic acid against quinolinic acid-induced rat model of Huntington's disease by targeting IKK-NF-κB pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 934:175316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Upadhyaya K, Sharma PK, Akhtar A, Pilkhwal Sah S. Protective Effects of Zingerone Against Depression-Like Behavior and Biochemical Changes in Chronic Stressed Rats: Antioxidant Effects. J Med Food 2022; 25:576-587. [PMID: 35639359 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger contains zingerone, an active constituent possessing antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. The present study was designed to explore the efficacy of the bioactive compound, zingerone, for treating behavioral and biochemical alterations in rats exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRS). Female Wistar rats were administered zingerone (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg p.o.) once daily for a period of 28 days while being exposed to CRS (6 h/day). Our results indicated that the stressed animals depicted depression-like behavior (reduced sucrose preference and increased immobility time) associated with increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) (cortex), decreased catalase (CAT) (hippocampus and cortex), and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) (hippocampus and cortex). In addition, metabolic alterations were characterized by hyperglycemia and increased glycosylated hemoglobin in the CRS rats. However, no alterations were observed for learning and memory and in the levels of reduced glutathione. Repeated zingerone administration significantly reversed depression-like behavior elicited by CRS in rats. Furthermore, a significant antioxidant effect was exhibited by zingerone, as shown by decreased LPO and enhanced activity of SOD and CAT in chronically stressed rats. The findings of our study demonstrated that zingerone possesses protective actions against chronic stress-induced depressive-like behavioral, biochemical, and metabolic alterations and that its underlying mechanism may be attributed to its antioxidant properties. The results also signify its pharmacological and possible nutritional importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumud Upadhyaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | | | - Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-CAS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-CAS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
In recent years, the field of nanotechnology and nanomedicine has transformed the pharmaceutical industry with the development of novel drug delivery systems that overcome the shortcomings of traditional drug delivery systems. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), also known as the second-generation lipid nanocarriers, are one such efficient and targeted drug delivery system that has gained immense attention all across due to their myriad advantages and applications. Scientific advancements have revolutionized our health system, but still, brain diseases like brain tumour have remained formidable owing to poor prognosis and the challenging drug delivery to the brain tissue. In this review, we highlighted the application and potential of NLCs in brain-specific delivery of chemotherapeutic agents.
Main body
NLCs are lipid-based formulations with a solid matrix at room temperature and offer advantages like enhanced stability, low toxicity, increased shelf life, improved drug loading capacity, and biocompatibility over other conventional lipid-based nanocarriers such as nanoemulsions and solid lipid nanoparticles. This review meticulously articulates the structure, classification, components, and various methods of preparation exemplified with various research studies along with their advantages and disadvantages. The concept of drug loading and release has been discussed followed by a brief about stability and strategies to improve stability of NLCs. The review also summarizes various in vitro and in vivo research studies on NLCs encapsulated with cytotoxic drugs and their potential application in brain-specific drug delivery.
Conclusion
NLCs are employed as an important carrier for the delivery of food, cosmetics, and medicines and recently have been used in brain targeting, cancer, and gene therapy. However, in this review, the applications and importance of NLCs in targeting brain tumour have been discussed in detail stating examples of various research studies conducted in recent years. In addition, to shed light on the promising role of NLCs, the current clinical status of NLCs has also been summarized.
Graphical Abstract
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Bhardwaj M, Chiu MN, Pilkhwal Sah S. Adverse cutaneous toxicities by PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors: Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Surveillance. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2022; 41:73-90. [PMID: 35107396 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2034842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction-The therapeutic use of humanized monoclonal programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) (pembrolizumab, and nivolumab) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) (atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi) as potent anticancer therapies is rapidly increasing. The mechanism of signaling of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 involves triggering cytotoxic CD4+/CD8 + T cell activation and subsequent abolition of cancer cells which induces specific immunologic adverse events that are specific to these therapies. These drugs can cause numerous cutaneous reactions and are characterized as the most frequent immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Majority of cutaneous irAEs range from nonspecific eruptions to detectible skin manifestations, which may be self-limiting and present acceptable skin toxicity profiles, while some may produce life-threatening complications.Objective-.This review aims to illuminate the associated cutaneous irAEs related to drugs used in oncology along with the relevant mechanism(s) and management.Areas covered-Literature was searched using various databases including Pub-Med, Google Scholar, and Medline. The search mainly involved research articles, retrospective studies, case reports, and clinicopathological findings. With this review article, an overview of the cutaneous irAEs with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, as well as suggestions, have been provided, so that their recognition at early stages could help in better management and would prevent treatment discontinuation.Article highlightsCutaneous adverse effects are the most prevalent immune-related adverse events induced by anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune-checkpoint antibodies.Cutaneous toxicities mainly manifest in the form of maculopapular rash and pruritus.More specific cutaneous complications can also occur, including vitiligo, worsened psoriasis, lichenoid dermatitis, mucosal involvement (e.g., oral lichenoid reaction), dermatomyositis, lupus erythematosus.Cutaneous manifestations can be life-threatening including Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN).Dermatologic toxicities are usually mild, readily manageable, and rarely result in significant morbidity.Adequate management of the cutaneous adverse event and recognition in early stages could lead to the prevention of worsening of the lesions and limit treatment disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitry Bhardwaj
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mei Nee Chiu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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Joshi A, Akhtar A, Saroj P, Kuhad A, Sah SP. Antidepressant-like effect of sodium orthovanadate in a mouse model of chronic unpredictable mild stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174798. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Akhtar A, Pilkhwal Sah S. Advances in the pharmacotherapeutic management of post-traumatic stress disorder. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:1919-1930. [PMID: 34124975 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1935871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a mental disorder, is associated with anxiety, depression, and social awkwardness resulting from past traumatic episodes like natural disasters, accidents, terrorist attacks, war, rape, and sexual violence. It affects primarily the amygdala, cortex, and hippocampus where neurochemical changes result in altered behavior. PTSD patients display impaired fear extinction, and past events keep haunting them. The topic presents relevant sections like PTSD pharmacotherapy, associated challenges, and the novel targets and drugs for future research and therapy.Areas covered: The authors discuss the current pharmacotherapy like SSRIs, NDRIs, SNRIs, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines, used to attenuate the associated symptoms. However, the primary focus being the novel and potential targets which can be explored better to understand possible future research and advanced therapy in PTSD. For the same, an account of both preclinical and clinical studies has been covered.Expert opinion: Excessive adverse effects, limited efficacy, and lower patient compliance are some of the major challenges with conventional drugs. Moreover, they correct only fewer symptoms without halting the disease progression. Several agents are investigated in different preclinical and clinical phases, which can potentially overcome the pitfalls and limitations associated with conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Saroj P, Bansal Y, Singh R, Akhtar A, Sodhi RK, Bishnoi M, Sah SP, Kuhad A. Neuroprotective effects of roflumilast against quinolinic acid-induced rat model of Huntington's disease through inhibition of NF-κB mediated neuroinflammatory markers and activation of cAMP/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:499-511. [PMID: 33517508 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative and hyperkinetic movement disorder. Decreased activity of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is thought to contribute to the death of striatal medium spiny neurons in HD. The present study has been designed to explore the possible role of roflumilast against qunilonic acid (QA) induced neurotoxicity in rats intending to investigate whether it inhibits the neuroinflammatory response through activation of the cAMP/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. QA was microinjected (200 nmol/2 µl, bilaterally) through the intrastriatal route in the stereotaxic apparatus. Roflumilast (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg, orally) once-daily treatment for 21 days significantly improved locomotor activity in actophotometer, motor coordination in rotarod, and impaired gait performance in narrow beam walk test. Moreover, roflumilast treatment significantly attenuated oxidative and nitrosative stress (p < 0.05) through attenuating lipid peroxidation nitrite concentration and enhancing reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels. Furthermore, roflumilast also significantly decreased elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p < 0.01), IFN-γ (p < 0.05), NF-κB (p < 0.05) and significantly increased BDNF(p < 0.05) in the striatum and cortex of rat brain. The results further demonstrated that roflumilast effectively increased the gene expression of cAMP(p < 0.05), CREB(p < 0.05) and decreased the gene expression of PDE4 (p < 0.05) in qRT-PCR. These results conclusively depicted that roflumilast could be a potential candidate as an effective therapeutic agent in the management of HD through the cAMP/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Saroj
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Yashika Bansal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Raghunath Singh
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur Sodhi
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institue (NABI), Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
- Department of Physiology, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Science (UIPS), UGC Center of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Saini N, Akhtar A, Chauhan M, Dhingra N, Pilkhwal Sah S. Protective effect of Indole-3-carbinol, an NF-κB inhibitor in experimental paradigm of Parkinson's disease: In silico and in vivo studies. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 90:108-137. [PMID: 32800927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, majorly with symptoms of motor dysfunction. Study was performed to explore the effect of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitors against neurobehavioral abnormalities and neuroinflammation in PD. Cost effective in silico approaches of docking-based ligand -target complex predictions and optimal physicochemical properties were utilised to identify lead NF-κB inhibitor using database. Our studies revealed the potential hit Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) which was considered for the next phase, pharmacological validations. Intranigral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats is utilized as a neuroinflmmation model of PD. In the present study it caused an impairment in motor functions, its coordination, learning and memory as demonstrated in rotarod apparatus, beam balance test, open field test and Morris water maze test. Chronic administration of I3C for 21 days in intranigral LPS treated rats led to a significant improvement in motor functions, coordination, learning and memory which were associated with a decrease in the activity of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. Further, it was found to inhibit NF-κB whose levels increased after LPS administration. Moreover, decreased levels of malondialdehyde and increased levels of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase were observed in cortex and striatum after I3C administration in LPS rats. These results suggest a possible neuroprotective effect of I3C via amelioration of LPS-induced behavioural alterations, oxidative damage and neuroinflammation which in turn is attributed to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory (NF-κB inhibition) property. The effect produced by I3C (50 mg/kg) was found to be comparable with levodopa-carbidopa combination (LD:CD) while, I3C (50 mg/kg) in combination with LD:CD exhibited a potentiating effect in improving motor impairments and cognitive deficit. The results thus depict I3C as a promising agent to delay neurodegeneration of the neurons in PD with improvement in motor functions and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neerja Saini
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ansab Akhtar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Monika Chauhan
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Neelima Dhingra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Akhtar A, Bishnoi M, Sah SP. Sodium orthovanadate improves learning and memory in intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin rat model of Alzheimer's disease through modulation of brain insulin resistance induced tau pathology. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:83-97. [PMID: 32784004 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) is the most common type of dementia and progressive neurodegenerative disease. To establish the sAD model, intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 3 mg/kg was administered bilaterally in rats on a stereotaxic apparatus. Behavioral tests such as Morris water maze (MWM), novel object recognition (NOR) and open field test were performed to evaluate cognitive and locomotor functions. Two treatment doses (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) of sodium orthovanadate (SOV) and rivastigmine (2 mg/kg) were given orally to ICV-STZ induced rats for 21 days. Cortical and hippocampal tissues were dissected. Estimation of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction as complex I, II, III, IV activity, cholinergic function as acetylcholinesterase activity, ELISA for phosphorylated tau protein and insulin degrading enzyme (IDE), neuroinflammation as NF-κB gene expression and insulin signaling functioning as Q-RT-PCR for IR, IRS-1, PI3K, AKT, GSK-3β gene expression were performed. Behavioral results with SOV and rivastigmine treatment revealed decreased escape latency and increased discrimination index in MWM and NOR respectively. Treatment results with SOV also demonstrated attenuation of oxidative imbalance, improved mitochondrial activity, and reversed IDE and tau pathology. SOV treatment upregulated gene expression of IR, IRS-1, PI3K, and AKT, and downregulated that of GSK-3β. SOV results were compared with standard drug rivastigmine. Conclusively, the memory enhancement by SOV was mediated through oxidative balance, mitochondrial enzyme complex activation, and improved insulin signaling regulation. However, the primary mechanism of SOV remained attenuation of tau pathology by the upregulation of IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway and reversal of insulin resistance in terms of IDE. Hence, in sAD paradigm, SOV contributed to memory improvement evident with the findings of behavioral studies, which can further potentially have clinical significance in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Akhtar A, Dhaliwal J, Saroj P, Uniyal A, Bishnoi M, Sah SP. Chromium picolinate attenuates cognitive deficit in ICV-STZ rat paradigm of sporadic Alzheimer's-like dementia via targeting neuroinflammatory and IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:385-400. [PMID: 31898080 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00681-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is prevalent in old age people and is one of the most common brain diseases. Brain insulin resistance, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial and cholinergic dysfunction are key features of the disease. In our study, streptozotocin (STZ) in a dose of 3 mg/kg was injected in male Wistar rats bilaterally through the intracerebroventricular (ICV) route on stereotaxic apparatus. Chromium picolinate (CrPic) was tested at doses of 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, and 4 mg/kg, while rivastigmine (2 mg/kg) was used as reference standard drug. Cognitive dysfunction induced by STZ was assessed by behavioral tests like Morris water maze and novel object recognition test. Treatment with CrPic revealed attenuation of cognitive deficit. This was confirmed by behavioral tests, biochemical estimations of antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, and cholinergic and mitochondrial activity. CrPic did not change AchE activity significantly. STZ-induced neuroinflammation evident by increased TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP levels was also significantly decreased by CrPic. Dysfunctional insulin signaling after ICV-STZ was demonstrated by reduced IRS-1, PI3K, AKT, BDNF gene expression, and increased GSK-3β, NF-κB gene expression with the help of qRT-PCR. CrPic treatment produced an improvement in insulin signaling revealed by increased gene expression of IRS-1, PI3-K, AKT, BDNF, and decreased gene expression of GSK-3β and NF-κB. It was concluded that CrPic reversed AD pathology revealed by improved memory, reduced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and upregulated insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Jatinder Dhaliwal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Priyanka Saroj
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ankit Uniyal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Uniyal A, Singh R, Akhtar A, Dhaliwal J, Kuhad A, Sah SP. Pharmacological rewriting of fear memories: A beacon for post-traumatic stress disorder. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 870:172824. [PMID: 31778672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychopathological response that develops after exposure to an extreme life-threatening traumatic event. Its prevalence ranges from 0.5% to 14.5% worldwide. Due to the complex pathophysiology of PTSD, currently available treatment approaches are associated with high chances of failure, thus further research to identify better pharmacotherapeutic approaches is needed. The traumatic event associated with fear memories plays an important role in the development of PTSD and could be considered as the main culprit. PTSD patient feels frightened in a safe environment as the memories of the traumatic event are revisited. Neurocircuit involving normal processing of fear memories get disturbed in PTSD hence making a fear memory to remain to dominate even after years of trauma. Persistence of fear memories could be explained by acquisition, re-(consolidation) and extinction triad as all of these processes have been widely explored in preclinical as well as clinical studies and set a therapeutic platform for fear memory associated disorders. This review focuses on neurocircuit and pathophysiology of PTSD in context to fear memories and pharmacological targeting of fear memory for the management of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Uniyal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-CAS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (B.H.U.) Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raghunath Singh
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-CAS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-CAS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Jatinder Dhaliwal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-CAS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-CAS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-CAS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Uniyal A, Singh R, Akhtar A, Bansal Y, Kuhad A, Sah SP. Co-treatment of piracetam with risperidone rescued extinction deficits in experimental paradigms of post-traumatic stress disorder by restoring the physiological alterations in cortex and hippocampus. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 185:172763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.172763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ahuja S, Uniyal A, Akhtar A, Sah SP. Alpha lipoic acid and metformin alleviates experimentally induced insulin resistance and cognitive deficit by modulation of TLR2 signalling. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:614-623. [PMID: 31176103 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is commonly found to be co-morbid with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In obese diabetic patients, TLR-2 receptor induced inflammation leads to the development of insulin resistance (IR). Furthermore, the IR is considered to be the most important cause for promoting cognitive decline which is evident in brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease related dementia (ADRD). METHODS In this study, the effect of α-lipoic acid (ALA) has been examined in rodent model of zymosan induced insulin resistance and cognitive deficits, targeting at TLR-2 signalling. TLR-2 agonist, Zymosan initiates inflammatory cascade, resulting in IR and cognitive dysfunction. Zymosan (50 mg/kg ip) was given to mice on 1st, 8th, 15th and 22nd day to induce IR which was confirmed by hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidimea, increased glycated haemoglobin and HOMA-IR. Further the cognitive performance was assessed in Morris water maze revealing cognitive deficit in zymosan treated mice. RESULTS Daily treatment with ALA for 28 days (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, ip) significantly improved insulin sensitivity and cognitive performance in mice by decreasing insulin resistance, corticosterone, IL-6 levels, acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity and oxidative stress in liver, cortex and hippocampus. ALA also increased adiponectin level and reduced body weight. Combination of ALA (100 mg/kg, ip) with metformin (100 mg/kg, ip) exhibited a potentiating effect in improving cognitive performance and insulin signalling. CONCLUSION The findings of the study supported the hypothesis that TLR-2 induced inflammation leads to insulin resistance and cognitive impairment and provides an evidence for the therapeutic effect of ALA in IR and ADRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Ahuja
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Ankit Uniyal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
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Mourya A, Akhtar A, Ahuja S, Sah SP, Kumar A. Synergistic action of ursolic acid and metformin in experimental model of insulin resistance and related behavioral alterations. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 835:31-40. [PMID: 30075220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic restraint stress (CRS) is known to cause metabolic and neurological complications in a number of ways. Prolonged exposure to stress evident by increased corticosterone level led to impaired altered insulin signaling and oxidative stress in mice, in the present study. Impaired insulin signaling or insulin resistance was characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, hypoadiponectinemia, increased glycosylated haemoglobin and HOMA-IR. It was also associated with increased proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α levels. CRS also caused significant increase in acetylcholinesterase activity and oxidative stress in brain along with cognitive impairment in behavioral test. Ursolic acid, metformin, gliclazide and their combinations when administered daily for 30 days significantly improved insulin sensitivity apart from behavioral and biochemical alterations in stressed mice. Treatment with drugs also decreased serum corticosterone and TNF-α levels. The findings of our study revealed that improvement in insulin sensitivity, learning and cognitive performance in stressed mice was attributed to attenuation of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. Moreover, combination of [Metformin (150 mg/kg) + Ursolic acid (10 mg/kg)] produced enhanced improvement in insulin sensitivity and cognitive impairment as compared to their individual effects, suggesting possibly the common mode of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Mourya
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Swati Ahuja
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Anil Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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Singh B, Mourya A, Sah SP, Kumar A. Protective effect of losartan and ramipril against stress induced insulin resistance and related complications: Anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 801:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Choudhary S, Mourya A, Ahuja S, Sah SP, Kumar A. Plausible anti-inflammatory mechanism of resveratrol and caffeic acid against chronic stress-induced insulin resistance in mice. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 24:347-361. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0287-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sah SP, Singh B, Choudhary S, Kumar A. Animal models of insulin resistance: A review. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:1165-1177. [PMID: 27639595 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance can be seen as a molecular and genetic mystery, with a role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a basis for a number of chronic diseases like hypertension, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, coronary heart disease, cerebral vascular disease along with T2DM, thus the key is to cure and prevent insulin resistance. Critical perspicacity into the etiology of insulin resistance have been gained by the use of animal models where insulin action has been modulated by various transgenic and non-transgenic models which is not possible in human studies. The following review comprises the pathophysiology involved in insulin resistance, various factors causing insulin resistance, their screening and various genetic and non-genetic animal models highlighting the pathological and metabolic characteristics of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Barinder Singh
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Supriti Choudhary
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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Kumar A, Singh B, Mishra J, Sah SP, Pottabathini R. Neuroprotective mechanism of losartan and its interaction with nimesulide against chronic fatigue stress. Inflammopharmacology 2015; 23:291-305. [PMID: 26122818 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-015-0238-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Potential role of angiotensin-II and cyclooxygenase have been suggested in the pathophysiology of chronic fatigue stress. The present study has been designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of losartan and its interaction with nimesulide against chronic fatigue stress and related complications in mice. In the present study, male Laca mice (20-30 g) were subjected to running wheel activity test session (RWATS) for 6 min daily for 21 days. Losartan, nimesulide and their combinations were administered daily for 21 days, 45 min before being subjected to RWATS. Various behavioral and biochemical and neuroinflammatory mediators were assessed subsequently. 21 days RWATS treatment significantly decreased number of wheel rotations/6 min indicating fatigue stress like behaviors as compared to naive group. 21 days treatment with losartan (10 and 20 mg/kg, ip), nimesulide (5 and 10 mg/kg, po) and their combinations significantly improved behavior [increased number of wheel rotations, reversal of post-exercise fatigue, locomotor activity, antianxiety-like behavior (number of entries, latency to enter and time spent in mirror chamber), and memory performance (transfer latency in plus-maze performance task)], biochemical parameters (reduced serum corticosterone, brain lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, acetylcholinesterase activity, restored reduced glutathione levels and catalase activity) as compared to RWATS control. Besides, TNF-α, CRP levels were significantly attenuated by these drugs and their combinations as compared to control. The present study highlights the role of cyclooxygenase modulation in the neuroprotective effect of losartan against chronic fatigue stress-induced behavioral, biochemical and cellular alterations in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Center of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Barinder Singh
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Center of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Jitendriya Mishra
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Center of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Center of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Raghavender Pottabathini
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Center of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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Khulbe A, Pandey S, Sah SP. Antidepressant-like action of the hydromethanolic flower extract of Tagetes erecta L. in mice and its possible mechanism of action. Indian J Pharmacol 2014; 45:386-90. [PMID: 24014916 PMCID: PMC3757609 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.115026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Tagetes erecta, the marigold, has commercial and ethnomedicinal use; however, reports concerning its efficacy for the treatment of depression are lacking. This study was carried out to elucidate the antidepressant effect of hydromethanolic flower extract of T. erecta. Materials and Methods: Hydromethanolic extract of flowers of Tagetes erecta was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The extract (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) was evaluated for antidepressant effect using forced swim test in mice. The mechanism of antidepressant action was further examined using different drugs and imipramine was used as standard drug. Results: T. erecta significantly inhibited the immobility period in forced swim test in mice P<0.05). T. erecta (25 mg/kg, i.p.) enhanced the anti-immobility effect of antidepressant drugs like imipramine, fluoxetine, and p-chlorophenylalanine, an inhibitor of serotonin synthesis significantly attenuated its antidepressant effect. The antidepressant effect of T. erecta in the forced swim test was prevented by pretreatment with L-arginine and sildenafil, whereas pretreatment of mice with nitric oxide synthase inhibitors potentiated the action. Pentazocine, a high-affinity sigma receptor agonist, produced synergism with effective dose of T. erecta while progesterone, a sigma receptor antagonist, reversed the antidepressant effect of T. erecta. However, the locomotor activity was not affected at tested doses. Conclusions: Serotonergic, nitrergic pathway, and sigma receptors are possibly involved in mediating antidepressant action of T. erecta in mouse forced swim test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Khulbe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
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Chettri ST, Bhandary S, Nepal A, Joshi RR, Natesh V, Sah SP, Sah BP, Koirala S. A single blind controlled study comparing bipolar elecrocautery tonsillectomy to cold dissection method in pediatric age groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3126/hren.v11i3.9651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed operations in otolaryngology. There are many proven methods of tonsillectomy, including cold dissection and bipolar electrocautery. Objective: To compare bipolar elecrocautery tonsillectomy with cold dissection method in pediatric age groups. Methods: Single blind controlled study to compare bipolar technique against the conventional dissection/snare technique. Results: The average amount of bleeding on electrocautery side was 4.07ml and on the cold dissection side was 14.58 ml. The mean time of operation for electrocautery and cold dissection was 12.04 and 16.57 minutes respectively. On the second post operative day, 35% of the patients complained of pain on the cauterized side, 30% complained of more pain on the dissection side while 35 % experienced equal pain on both sides. Post-operative complication such as hemorrhage was not seen in both the techniques employed. Conclusion: In the present study, bipolar diathermy tonsillectomy had advantages in having less post-operative time and blood loss intraoperatively but patients experience slightly more pain than cold dissection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v11i3.9651 Health Renaissance 2013;11(3):270-272
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Sah SP, Mathela CS, Chopra K. Involvement of nitric oxide (NO) signalling pathway in the antidepressant activity of essential oil of Valeriana wallichii Patchouli alcohol chemotype. Phytomedicine 2011; 18:1269-1275. [PMID: 21795033 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Valeriana wallichii DC (Valerianaceae), popularly named as Indian valerian has been shown to exist as three chemotypes. The present study evaluated the antidepressant like effect of root essential oil of Valeriana wallichii patchouli alcohol chemotype in both acute and chronic treatment study using forced swim test (FST). Mice (n=6 per group) received 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg p.o. doses of test drug. Single administration of oil significantly inhibited the immobility period (57.6% and 46.9%) at doses 20 and 40 mg/kg respectively without changing the motor function (p<0.05). Similarly, daily administration of essential oil (20mg/kg) for 14 days significantly reduced the immobility period (69.9%) in FST (p<0.05). The neurotransmitter levels in mouse brain were estimated on day 14 after the behavioral study. Significant increase in the level of norepinephrine (29%) and serotonin (19%) (p<0.05) was found at 20mg/kg dose, while no change was observed at 10 and 40 mg/kg doses. The antidepressant-like effect of essential oil (20mg/kg) was prevented by pretreatment of mice with l-arginine (750 mg/kg i.p.) and sildenafil (5mg/kg i.p). On the contrary, pretreatment of mice with l-NAME (10mg/kg i.p.) or methylene blue (10mg/kg i.p.) potentiated the antidepressant action of essential oil (10mg/kg). Taken together, these findings demonstrated that nitric oxide pathway is involved in mediating antidepressant like effect of essential oil from this chemotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India.
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Sah SP, Tirkey N, Kuhad A, Chopra K. Effect of quercetin on lipopolysaccharide induced-sickness behavior and oxidative stress in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:192-6. [PMID: 21572657 PMCID: PMC3081461 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.77365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Gram-negative infections and control infusion of recombinant cytokines in human have been shown to induce sickness behavior characterized by fever, prolong sleep, decreased food and water intake, reduced mobility, depression, and anxiety. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of bioflavonoid quercetin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sickness behavior. Materials and Methods: Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups (n=6). Three groups received vehicle and two doses of quercetin (2 and 25 mg/kg, i.p.) respectively for 2 weeks before being challenged with LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p). One group received vehicle for 2 weeks and was challenged with saline on day 15. The per se effect of quercetin (2 and 25 mg/kg, i.p.) was also seen after 2 weeks of dosing. LPS-induced sickness behavior in rats was quantified by measuring time in social exploration, anxiety, food and water consumption, and weight loss. Levels of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and oxidative stress in rat brain were also analyzed. Results: Quercetin (2 and 25 mg/kg) administration significantly (P<0.05) attenuated LPS-induced sickness behavior by modulating cytokines production as well inhibiting LPS-induced oxidative stress. Conclusions: Adequate intake of dietary flavonoids (like quercetin) may help promote recovery from sickness behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
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Sah SP, Mathela CS, Chopra K. Antidepressant effect of Valeriana wallichii patchouli alcohol chemotype in mice: Behavioural and biochemical evidence. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 135:197-200. [PMID: 21354297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Revised: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Valeriana wallichii DC, an ayurvedic traditional medicine has now been shown to exist chemically as three distinct chemotypes. The study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effect of dichloromethane extract of Valeriana wallichii patchouli alcohol chemotype. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antidepressant effect of dichloromethane extract of Valeriana wallichii (10, 20 and 40mg/kg, p.o.) using forced swim test, was determined in both acute and chronic study. The neurotransmitter levels were estimated in mouse forebrain after two weeks of dosing. RESULTS Single administration of extract (40mg/kg) significantly inhibited the immobility period in mice (p<0.05). Similarly, chronic administration of extract (20 and 40mg/kg) significantly reduced the immobility period and significantly increased the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in mouse forebrain (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The extract demonstrated antidepressant effect and significantly increased the norepinephrine and dopamine levels in forebrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumaun University Nainital, Uttarakhand 263136, India
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Abstract
CONTEXT Senecio rufinervis D.C (Asteraceae) is a tall aromatic herb, commonly found in Uttarakhand, India. No investigations on the biological activity of this plant have been published so far. Hence, this plant species became a subject of our scientific interest. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the chemical composition and analgesic activity of Senecio rufinervis essential oil in mice using both thermal and chemical models of pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Essential oil from dried leaves of Senecio rufinervis was extracted by steam distillation and then subjected to GC-MS analysis. Varying doses of essential oil were given to mice, 30 min prior to the induction of abdominal constrictions and determination of mean reaction time in hot-plate maintained at 55° ± 0.5°C. RESULTS The main component detected in the essential oil of Senecio rufinervis was germacrene D (40.19%) followed by β-pinene (12.23%), β-caryophyllene (6.21%) and β-longipinene (4.15%). Essential oil exhibited significant and dose-dependent analgesic activity against acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. The percentage inhibition in number of writhes produced by 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg doses was, respectively, 69, 80 and 85%. The oil, at doses 50 and 75 mg/kg, significantly increased the mean latency in the hot-plate after 15 and 30 min of drug administration as compared to the control group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results depicted both central and peripheral analgesic activity of S. rufinervis essential oil which was attributed to the presence of terpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Mishra
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Birla Institute of Applied Sciences, Bhimtal, Nainital.
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Pandey S, Sah SP, Sah ML, Mishra D. An antioxidant potential of hydromethanolic extract of urtica parviflora roxb. J Basic Clin Pharm 2010; 1:191-5. [PMID: 24825987 PMCID: PMC3979195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant activity of hydromethanolic extract of Urtica parviflora Roxb. (family Urticaceae) was investigated by different in vitro methods, namely, nitric oxide scavenging, DPPH scavenging, and reducing power assay. In the present study, plant extract exhibited dose dependent free radical scavenging and reducing activity. The antioxidant activity of the hydromethanolic extract of Urtica parviflora Roxb. was compared with ascorbic acid as standard. In addition, phytochemical screening of hydromethanolic extract of the plant was undertaken to identify the phytochemicals present in the extract. Phytochemical examination revealed the presence of alkaloids, polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, glycosides and tannins. It was concluded that the extract contains important phytoconstituents responsible for antioxidant effect. The study indicated that Urtica parviflora could protect the cell injury caused by the reactive oxygen species and might be a valuable source of antioxidant both for medicine and food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaon University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaon University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India,Corresponding Author: E-mail:
| | - Mukesh Lal Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaon University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Devendra Mishra
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Birla Institute of Applied Sciences Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand-263136, India
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Sah SP, Mathela CS, Chopra K. Elucidation of possible mechanism of analgesic action of Valeriana wallichii DC chemotype (patchouli alcohol) in experimental animal models. Indian J Exp Biol 2010; 48:289-293. [PMID: 21046983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Valeriana wallichii (Family Valerianaceae), popularly named as Indian valerian, exists as three chemotypes. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of V. wallichii chemotype (patchouli alcohol) extract (DCME) and essential oil (VPAEO) on experimental models of nociception and to elucidate its possible mechanism of action. Analgesic effect was evaluated using acetic acid induced writhing and tail flick model. DCME and VPAEO (40 and 80 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited the number of writhings as compared to vehicle treated group. None of the doses of DCME and VPAEO exhibited any effect in tail flick model suggesting only peripheral analgesic activity. When studied for mechanism of action in acetic acid induced writhing, subeffective dose of essential oil significantly potentiated the effect of aspirin while no potentiation was seen in case of extract. These data suggest that essential oil VPAEO exerted peripheral analgesic via inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumaun University Nainital, Uttarakhand 263 136, India
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Kulshrestha R, Sah SP. Pattern of occurrence of leukemia at a teaching hospital in eastern region of Nepal - a six year study. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2009; 48:35-40. [PMID: 19529056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pattern of leukemia is known to vary widely throughout the world. The characterization of distribution patterns of different subtypes of leukemia in Nepal needs further study. We wanted to study the leukemia pattern in our institute. METHODS A retrospective study of 196 cases of leukemia, diagnosed at BPKIHS, between January 1997 to December 2002 was done. We analyzed the pattern of leukemia at BPKIHS by morphological subtype, gender, age at diagnosis, time period of diagnosis (seasonality), and geographic distribution. RESULTS Morphological sub typing showed that 121 cases were of acute leukemia and 75 of chronic leukemia. Chronic myeloid leukemia constituted the single largest group comprising 35.2 % of all cases, followed by acute myeloid leukemia (28.57 %) and acute lymphoid leukemia (19.9 %). Maximum numbers of cases were from the lowlands while least number of cases were from the mountain districts. Results were compared with literature from Nepal and other countries. This is the second series of leukemia from Nepal. CONCLUSIONS The data published in this study reflects the leukemia pattern in the eastern region of Nepal. The pattern and distribution of AML, CML, ALL was similar to that in the developed western countries while the lesser frequency of CLL was similar to that in Southeast Asian region.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kulshrestha
- Department of Pathology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
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Kulshrestha R, Sah SP. Pattern of Occurrence of Leukemia at a Teaching Hospital in Eastern Region of Nepal - A Six Year Study. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2009. [DOI: 10.31729/jnma.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:Pattern of leukemia is known to vary widely throughout the world. The characterization of distribution patterns of different subtypes of leukemia in Nepal needs further study. We wanted to study the leukemia pattern in our institute.METHODS:A retrospective study of 196 cases of leukemia, diagnosed at BPKIHS, between January 1997 to December 2002 was done. We analyzed the pattern of leukemia at BPKIHS by morphological subtype, gender, age at diagnosis, time period of diagnosis (seasonality), and geographic distribution.RESULTS:Morphological sub typing showed that 121 cases were of acute leukemia and 75 of chronic leukemia. Chronic myeloid leukemia constituted the single largest group comprising 35.2 % of all cases, followed by acute myeloid leukemia (28.57 %) and acute lymphoid leukemia (19.9 %). Maximum numbers of cases were from the lowlands while least number of cases were from the mountain districts. Results were compared with literature from Nepal and other countries. This is the second series of leukemia from Nepal.CONCLUSIONS:The data published in this study reflects the leukemia pattern in the eastern region of Nepal. The pattern and distribution of AML, CML, ALL was similar to that in the developed western countries while the lesser frequency of CLL was similar to that in Southeast Asian regionKey Words:leukemia, pattern, eastern Nepal, seasonality.
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Baral N, Pokhrel S, Lamsal M, Yadav BN, Sah SP. Utility of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and mean corpuscular volume in alcoholic liver disease. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2005; 36:1007-10. [PMID: 16295559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to establish the role of Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Serum gamma-GT, total and direct bilirubin, albumin, total protein, AST, ALT and ALP were assayed by standard methods in a clinical chemistry autoanalyser. MCV, Hb, PCV and RBC were measured by an automated cell counter. Activity of gamma-GT and MCV levels were significantly higher in the patients with ALD compared to controls. A gamma-GT level of > or = 25 U/l was found to be significantly associated with ALD. MCV level > or = 100 fl/l showed a significant association with ALD. An AST to ALT ratio > 1 was found in 92% of the patients. None of the patients showed an ALT level > or = 300 IU/l. The degree of AST elevation in the patients with ALD was higher (3.7 times) then ALT (3.2 times). A gamma-GT level > or = 25 IU/L and an MCV level > or = 100 fl/l stand as markers of heavy alcohol consumption in this study. An AST to ALT ratio > 1 was present in most of the patients with ALD. The degree of elevation of AST was higher than ALT in the patients with ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Baral
- Department of Biochemistry, BP Koirala Institute of Health Science, Dharan, Nepal.
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De U, Jain BK, Sah SP, Rauniyar RK, Dargan P. Primary liposarcoma of the omentum: a case report and review of the literature. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2003; 46:638-40. [PMID: 15025363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A case of round cell liposarcoma of omentum in a 45-year-old man is reported. The patient presented with abdominal pain, swelling and fever of 4-month duration. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomogram confirmed the presence of an abdominal mass, but the omental origin of the tumour was revealed only on laparotomy. In addition to the main tumour mass, multiple nodules were present in the omentum. The tumour was excised with omentum. Histopathology of the tumour revealed a round cell liposarcoma. The patient expired 9 months after operation. Eight other cases of liposarcoma of omentum reported in English literature are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal De
- Department of Surgery, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Lakhey M, Agarwal A, Lakhey S, Sinha AK, Sah SP, Gupta S, Pandey SR. CANCER PATTERN IN EASTERN REGION OF NEPAL. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2003. [DOI: 10.31729/jnma.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
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Bhadani PP, Sah SP, Afaque A. EPIDERMOID CYST OF THE SPLEEN: REPORT OF A CASE. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2003. [DOI: 10.31729/jnma.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Splenic epidermoid cyst is a rare entity and represents about 10% of the non-parasitic benign cysts of thespleen. We report a rare case of epidermoid cyst in a 45-year-old female who presented with pain and leftupper abdominal mass. So far, such case has not been reported from Nepal.Key Words: Epidermoid cyst, spleen, late onset, mesothelial cyst.
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Abstract
Retinoblastoma, the commonest intra-ocular tumor of childhood, is rare after the ageof 5 years. We report a case of retinoblastoma in a 10 year-old boy, who presentedwith a fungating proptosed tender mass involving the entire left eye and the orbit. Aclinical diagnosis of retinoblastoma was made. Exenteration of the left orbit was done.Histopathology revealed well-differentiated retinoblastoma with the involvement ofoptic nerve section. CSF and bone marrow aspirates did not show any malignantcells. This paper highlights the delayed presentation of retinoblastoma in late childhoodand discusses the treatment modalities of orbital retinoblastoma.Though retinoblastoma in late childhood is uncommon, it should be considered in thedifferential diagnosis of leukocoria and a fungating proptosed mass.Key Words: Retinoblastoma, late childhood, fungating proptosed mass.
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Lakhey M, Verma K, Khan IR, Sah SP, Rani S. Malignant Degeneration in a Mature Cystic Teratoma of Ovary A Case Report. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2003. [DOI: 10.31729/jnma.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant transformation of benign cystic teratoma of ovary is rare and the mostcommon malignancy encountered is squamous cell carcinoma. The diagnosis is rarelymade preoperatively and the prognosis is usually poor. Here we report a case ofsquamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid in a 44 years old lady who presentedwith bilateral dermoid cysts. The preoperative findings, surgical approach andadjuvant therapy are discussed.Key Words: Malignant transformation, benign cystic teratoma, squamous cell carcinoma.
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Sah SP, Matutes E, Wotherspoon AC, Morilla R, Catovsky D. A comparison of flow cytometry, bone marrow biopsy, and bone marrow aspirates in the detection of lymphoid infiltration in B cell disorders. J Clin Pathol 2003; 56:129-32. [PMID: 12560392 PMCID: PMC1769888 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.56.2.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the diagnostic value of bone marrow aspirates, trephine biopsies (BMB), and flow cytometry (FC) in the assessment of bone marrow infiltration in chronic lymphoid disorders. METHODS Investigations were carried out in 110 diagnostic and follow up specimens from B cell disorders, namely: chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL; 65), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL; 39), and hairy cell leukaemia (HCL; 6). A selected panel of monoclonal antibodies was used both for FC and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In CLL there was agreement between the three investigations in 71% of samples and in 88% when only FC and BMB were compared. In nine of 65 samples, FC and BMB were positive, although the aspirate was reported as negative. Four BMB negative samples had minimal residual disease (MRD) detected by FC, whereas two samples were positive both on BMB and aspirate but showed no evidence of disease on FC. In NHL, there was agreement between the three investigations in 22 of 39 cases, and in 27 of 39 cases there was agreement between FC and BMB. In eight of 39 NHL cases, FC was negative but the BMB was either positive (five) or uncertain (three), whereas in three of 39, FC was positive but BMB was either negative (one) or uncertain (two). In three of five uncertain BMB, no clonal population was detected by the polymerase chain reaction, whereas in the remaining two cases the nodular aggregates disappeared on further sectioning. CONCLUSIONS Both BMB and FC are better than bone marrow aspirates for the detection of infiltration in B cell disorders. FC might be slightly more sensitive than BMB to detect MRD in CLL, whereas BMB may be slightly better than FC in NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Sah
- Academic Department of Haematology and Cytogenetics, The Royal Marsden Hospital, 203 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK
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Sharma SK, Das ML, Rijal S, Sah SP, Koirala S. Lymphatic leishmaniasis--first case report from Nepal. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2001; 32:749-50. [PMID: 12041549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of exclusive involvement of lymph node in leishmaniasis presenting as generalized lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis of lymphatic leishmaniasis was confirmed by the presence of Leishmania donovani body in fine needle aspiration cytology, positive direct agglutination test and anti-rK39 antibodies. The bone marrow aspiration was negative for Leishmania donovani body. This is the first case of lymphatic leishmaniasis reported from Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sharma
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
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Abstract
Lymphangioma circumscriptum (LC) is an uncommon dermatologic problem that rarely affects the vulva and it is considered to be a localised developmental defect of lymphatic tissue in the dermis. We report a case of vulval LC, clinically diagnosed as genital wart, in a 48-year-old woman without evidence of secondary lymphatic damage. The patient required extensive vulval surgery and there was no recurrence after 16 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Sah
- Department of Pathology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agrawal
- Department of Dermatology and Pathology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
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Sah SP, Babu CS, Rani S. Cystic granulosa cell tumor of the ovary--a case report. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2001; 44:349-51. [PMID: 12024932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A case of cystic granulosa cell tumor of ovary in a 32 year old woman is described. The patient presented with abdominal mass without any signs and symptoms of hyperestrinism and virilization. Ultrasonographically and grossly a diagnosis of benign cystadenoma was considered. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of cystic granulasa cell tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Sah
- Department of Pathology, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Joshi A, Sah SP. Cutaneous metastatic adenocarcinoma. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2001; 67:207-8. [PMID: 17664746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A 55-year-old male presented with asymptomatic nodules and plaques on his scalp and pubic region of 2 months' duration. He was having productive cough, haemoptysis, chest pain, anorexia and weight loss and receiving antitubercular treatment for these symptoms for last 3 months. Clinical diagnosis of cutaneous metastatic disease was made. Chest x-ray revealed multiple coin shaped shadows on both sides with pleural effusion. Routine investigations were normal except for anemia and hyperuricemia. Biopsy of skin nodules showed features of metastatic adenocarcinoma. Features and significance of cutaneous metastases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Joshi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
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Sah SP, Mishra A, Rani S, Ramachandran VG. Cervicofacial actinomycosis: diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytology. Acta Cytol 2001; 45:665-7. [PMID: 11480741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Abstract
An unusual massive benign cystic monodermal teratoma of the ovary in a 14-year-old girl is reported. The multilocular cyst measured 80 x 70 x 80 cm and contained 23 l of fluid. The cyst wall composed of purely mature central nervous system tissue with a prominent microvasculature resting on a thin rim of ovarian cortical tissue. Immunohistochemical stains supported the diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge only one such case has been described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Sah
- Department of Pathology, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Sah SP, Jha PC, Gupta AK, Raj GA. An incidental case of breast cysticercosis associated with fibroadenoma. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2001; 44:59-61. [PMID: 12562000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It is unusual for cysticercosis to occur in the substance of the breast. Only a few cases have been described in the literature. We report a case of cysticercosis perched on fibroadenoma of breast found on surgical excision in a 35 year old Nepali woman. The patient had no discernible evidence of cysticercosis in the other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Sah
- Department of Pathology, BP Koirala Institute of Health Science, Dharan, Nepal.
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Abstract
Two young Nepalese females, aged 34 and 17 years, presented with multiple small brown macules in a reticulate pattern on the distal extensor aspects of their limbs. The first patient's daughter also had similar lesions. The second patient had similar lesions on her eyelids and palmar pits as well. The clinical diagnosis of reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura (RAK) was made in both the patients and was confirmed histopathologically. These are the first case reports of this condition from Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Joshi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Jolly Grant, Dehradun-248140, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sah SP, Bahadur KC, Rani S. Lymphangiectatic fibrolipomatous polyp of the palatine tonsil. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2000; 43:449-51. [PMID: 11344610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A rare benign polypoid tumor of the right palatine tonsil is described in a 23 year old male. It contained dilated lymphatic channels surrounded by fibrous tissue and foci of mature fat. The features of this lesion add support to the hypothesis that benign tumors of tonsil may be hamartomas of tonsil rather than true neoplasms. The differential diagnosis of polypoid lesions of the tonsil is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Sah
- Department of Pathology, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Abstract
Vaccination against hepatitis B virus has rarely been associated with lichen planus. We report a case of this kind in a child from Nepal. A 12-year-old boy had developed generalized itchy violaceous papules and plaques six weeks after the second dose of hepatitis B virus vaccine. Serum HBsAg and HBeAb were negative, but HBsAb was positive. New crops of generalized, similar eruptions developed after the booster dose of vaccine. All the lesions resolved within three months of systemic steroid therapy. There was no recurrence after one year of follow up. Awareness of such an association is necessary, especially in children, because vaccination campaigns are increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agrawal
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Sah SP, Agrawal CS, Rani S. Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma of the upper extremity. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2000; 43:347-9. [PMID: 11218684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital-infantile fibrosarcoma is an unusual childhood tumor that occurs mainly in children under 5 years of age. More than 300 cases have been reported in the literature so far, very few of them at birth. A distinction must be made between it and its adult counterpart because of differences in their clinical behaviour. We report here a case of congenital fibrosarcoma in a 4-day-old female infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Sah
- Department of Pathology, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Joshi A, Sah SP, Agrawal S, Agarwalla A, Jacob M. Palmar erythema nodosum. J Dermatol 2000; 27:420-1. [PMID: 10920594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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