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Householder S, Ramakrishnan A, Chen JK, Gorsch L, Tsapepas D, Lobritto S, Rundle A, Vittorio JM. The use of once-daily LCP-Tacrolimus with adolescent and young adult solid organ transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2024; 28:e14777. [PMID: 38702932 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent and young adult (AYA) solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients experience increased rates of rejection and graft loss surrounding the time of health care transition, in part due to poor medication adherence. This study aims to examine the impact of a once-daily formulation of tacrolimus, LCP-tacrolimus (LCPT), on medication adherence for AYA SOT patients. METHODS A retrospective descriptive analysis was performed for all patients who underwent SOT and were prescribed LCPT after the age of 12 at our single-center pediatric hospital. Medication adherence was assessed via provider documentation and the medication level variability index (MLVI). RESULTS Twenty-nine patients were prescribed LCPT as part of their immunosuppression regimen. Twenty patients were converted to LCPT from immediate-acting (IR) tacrolimus; six patients were initiated immediately following transplant, and three patients were unable to receive LCPT due to insurance denial. There was a numeric improvement in medication adherence for converted patients when measured by provider assessment (45.0% vs. 68.4%, p = .140) and MLVI (40.0% vs. 71.4%, p = .276), though these did not reach statistical significance. There were no differences in episodes of rejection or adverse effects. LCPT prescription was not associated with decreased medication burden, and two patients transitioned back to IR tacrolimus due to increased cost. CONCLUSIONS LCPT use did not significantly improve patient adherence; however, it resulted in numerically higher perceived and measured adherence rates. LCPT appears to be safe and effective in the management of SOT recipients; however, it may not affect pill burden and may result in a higher financial burden. Use may be considered for a select group of AYA SOT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Householder
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Justin K Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lindsey Gorsch
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Demetra Tsapepas
- Department of Pharmacy, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven Lobritto
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anna Rundle
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer M Vittorio
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York, New York, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Householder
- Sarah Householder, MD, is a Resident Physician, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Householder S, Picoraro JA. Diagnosis and Classification of Fistula from Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Related Surgery. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2022; 32:631-650. [PMID: 36202507 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fistula in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a well-known yet poorly understood phenotype. Pathophysiology is largely based on the activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); however, interactions with the microbiome, genetics, mechanical stress and the presence of stricturing disease, and surgical complications play a role. Perianal penetrating disease represents a more severe phenotype in IBD. Pouch-associated fistula can arise as a result of an anastomotic leak, surgical complications, or Crohn's disease (CD) of the pouch. Classification is site-dependent, includes a range of severity, and informs management. It is important to determine associated symptoms and recognize the complex interplay of underlying etiologies to form the basis of appropriate care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph A Picoraro
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, 622 West 168th Street, PH17-105, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Chakladar J, Diomino A, Li WT, Tsai JC, Krishnan AR, Zou AE, Kharidia K, Baig FA, Householder S, Kuo SZ, Chandrasekar S, Chang EY, Ongkeko WM. Medical student's perception of the COVID-19 pandemic effect on their education and well-being: a cross-sectional survey in the United States. BMC Med Educ 2022; 22:149. [PMID: 35248030 PMCID: PMC8897763 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of drastic curricular changes necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students' education and wellbeing have remained largely unstudied. Out study aimed to characterize how medical students were affected by the pandemic, specifically how limitations introduced by the pandemic may have affected the quality, delivery, and experience of medical education. METHODS Three hundred students from 5 U.S. allopathic medical schools were surveyed to determine students' perceptions about their quality of medical education, professional development, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic (October 2020-December 2020). RESULTS A large majority of students report that while lecture-based learning has not been significantly affected by the pandemic, small-group and clinical learning have greatly declined in quality. Students also reported higher levels of depression, anxiety, and uncertainty with regards to their futures as physicians. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected the medical student education and wellbeing. Although medical schools have implemented measures to continue to train medical students as effectively as they can, further strategies must be devised to ensure the well-being of students in the present and for future national emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Chakladar
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department Surgery, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Anthony Diomino
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Wei Tse Li
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department Surgery, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Joseph C Tsai
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department Surgery, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | | | - Angela E Zou
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Khush Kharidia
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Farhan A Baig
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | - Sarah Householder
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Selena Z Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Shyam Chandrasekar
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Eric Y Chang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Weg M Ongkeko
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department Surgery, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA.
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
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Ponguta LA, Issa G, Aoudeh L, Maalouf C, Hein SD, Zonderman AL, Katsovich L, Khoshnood K, Bick J, Awar A, Nourallah S, Householder S, Moore CC, Salah R, Britto PR, Leckman JF. Effects of the Mother-Child Education Program on Parenting Stress and Disciplinary Practices Among Refugee and Other Marginalized Communities in Lebanon: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 59:727-738. [PMID: 32014538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have explored the implementation and impact of early childhood parenting education programs in very fragile contexts and humanitarian settings. We tested the effects of a group-based intervention, the Mother-Child Education Program (MOCEP), on parenting stress and practices among two refugee communities and one other marginalized community in Beirut, Lebanon. METHOD A pilot wait-list RCT was conducted to assess the program's impact on maternal, child (average age: 4 years), and dyadic outcomes. A total of 106 mother-child dyads were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 53) or the wait-list control group (n = 53). Analysis was conducted by modified intention-to-treat and supplemental analyses through multiple imputation of missing post-intervention data. RESULTS Forty families (38%) withdrew early from the study. After completing the program, mothers in the intervention group showed a reduction in their harsh parenting practices, as indexed by the Disciplinary Style Questionnaire (Cohen's d = -0.76, 95% CI = -1.24, -0.27) and in their level of parenting stress, as indexed by the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF; Cohen's d = -0.90, 95% CI = -1.39, -0.40). Exploratory but underpowered analyses of dyadic interactions revealed reductions in the PSI were associated with a reduction in harsh parenting after the intervention. However, we did not detect any positive impact on behavioral or emotional outcomes among the children. CONCLUSION Our analyses suggest that MOCEP had a positive impact on disciplinary practices and parenting stress in a context of high fragility, but that broader effects on maternal and child outcomes may be dependent on program attendance and the availability of other services. We discuss implications of this pilot study for practice and research of a largely unexplored area of program evaluation. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION Mother and Child Education Program in Palestinian Refugee Camps; https://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT02402556.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana A Ponguta
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna L Zonderman
- Ms. Zonderman is with the Section of Hospital Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Illinois
| | - Liliya Katsovich
- Dr. Khoshnood and Ms. Katsovich are with the School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kaveh Khoshnood
- Dr. Khoshnood and Ms. Katsovich are with the School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Johanna Bick
- Dr. Bick is with The University of Houston, Texas
| | - Abir Awar
- Arab Resource Collective, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Sarah Householder
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Rima Salah
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - James F Leckman
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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Argenziano MG, Bruce SL, Slater CL, Tiao JR, Baldwin MR, Barr RG, Chang BP, Chau KH, Choi JJ, Gavin N, Goyal P, Mills AM, Patel AA, Romney MLS, Safford MM, Schluger NW, Sengupta S, Sobieszczyk ME, Zucker JE, Asadourian PA, Bell FM, Boyd R, Cohen MF, Colquhoun MI, Colville LA, de Jonge JH, Dershowitz LB, Dey SA, Eiseman KA, Girvin ZP, Goni DT, Harb AA, Herzik N, Householder S, Karaaslan LE, Lee H, Lieberman E, Ling A, Lu R, Shou AY, Sisti AC, Snow ZE, Sperring CP, Xiong Y, Zhou HW, Natarajan K, Hripcsak G, Chen R. Characterization and clinical course of 1000 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York: retrospective case series. BMJ 2020; 369:m1996. [PMID: 32471884 PMCID: PMC7256651 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 545] [Impact Index Per Article: 136.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in a large New York City medical center and describe their clinical course across the emergency department, hospital wards, and intensive care units. DESIGN Retrospective manual medical record review. SETTING NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, a quaternary care academic medical center in New York City. PARTICIPANTS The first 1000 consecutive patients with a positive result on the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) who presented to the emergency department or were admitted to hospital between 1 March and 5 April 2020. Patient data were manually abstracted from electronic medical records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Characterization of patients, including demographics, presenting symptoms, comorbidities on presentation, hospital course, time to intubation, complications, mortality, and disposition. RESULTS Of the first 1000 patients, 150 presented to the emergency department, 614 were admitted to hospital (not intensive care units), and 236 were admitted or transferred to intensive care units. The most common presenting symptoms were cough (732/1000), fever (728/1000), and dyspnea (631/1000). Patients in hospital, particularly those treated in intensive care units, often had baseline comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Patients admitted to intensive care units were older, predominantly male (158/236, 66.9%), and had long lengths of stay (median 23 days, interquartile range 12-32 days); 78.0% (184/236) developed acute kidney injury and 35.2% (83/236) needed dialysis. Only 4.4% (6/136) of patients who required mechanical ventilation were first intubated more than 14 days after symptom onset. Time to intubation from symptom onset had a bimodal distribution, with modes at three to four days, and at nine days. As of 30 April, 90 patients remained in hospital and 211 had died in hospital. CONCLUSIONS Patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 at this medical center faced major morbidity and mortality, with high rates of acute kidney injury and inpatient dialysis, prolonged intubations, and a bimodal distribution of time to intubation from symptom onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Argenziano
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH-20, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Samuel L Bruce
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH-20, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cody L Slater
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH-20, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jonathan R Tiao
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH-20, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matthew R Baldwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernard P Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine H Chau
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Justin J Choi
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Gavin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Parag Goyal
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angela M Mills
- Department of Emergency Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashmi A Patel
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marie-Laure S Romney
- Department of Emergency Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monika M Safford
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neil W Schluger
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soumitra Sengupta
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH-20, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Magdalena E Sobieszczyk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason E Zucker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul A Asadourian
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fletcher M Bell
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebekah Boyd
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew F Cohen
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Lucy A Colville
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph H de Jonge
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lyle B Dershowitz
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shirin A Dey
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine A Eiseman
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zachary P Girvin
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniella T Goni
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amro A Harb
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Herzik
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Householder
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lara E Karaaslan
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heather Lee
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan Lieberman
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Ling
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ree Lu
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arthur Y Shou
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander C Sisti
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zachary E Snow
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Colin P Sperring
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuqing Xiong
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry W Zhou
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karthik Natarajan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH-20, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - George Hripcsak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH-20, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ruijun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH-20, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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7
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Argenziano MG, Bruce SL, Slater CL, Tiao JR, Baldwin MR, Barr RG, Chang BP, Chau KH, Choi JJ, Gavin N, Goyal P, Mills AM, Patel AA, Romney MLS, Safford MM, Schluger NW, Sengupta S, Sobieszczyk ME, Zucker JE, Asadourian PA, Bell FM, Boyd R, Cohen MF, Colquhoun MI, Colville LA, de Jonge JH, Dershowitz LB, Dey SA, Eiseman KA, Girvin ZP, Goni DT, Harb AA, Herzik N, Householder S, Karaaslan LE, Lee H, Lieberman E, Ling A, Lu R, Shou AY, Sisti AC, Snow ZE, Sperring CP, Xiong Y, Zhou HW, Natarajan K, Hripcsak G, Chen R. Characterization and clinical course of 1000 patients with COVID-19 in New York: retrospective case series. medRxiv 2020:2020.04.20.20072116. [PMID: 32511507 PMCID: PMC7273275 DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.20.20072116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective To characterize patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a large New York City (NYC) medical center and describe their clinical course across the emergency department (ED), inpatient wards, and intensive care units (ICUs). Design Retrospective manual medical record review. Setting NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center (NYP/CUIMC), a quaternary care academic medical center in NYC. Participants The first 1000 consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Methods We identified the first 1000 consecutive patients with a positive RT-SARS-CoV-2 PCR test who first presented to the ED or were hospitalized at NYP/CUIMC between March 1 and April 5, 2020. Patient data was manually abstracted from the electronic medical record. Main outcome measures We describe patient characteristics including demographics, presenting symptoms, comorbidities on presentation, hospital course, time to intubation, complications, mortality, and disposition. Results Among the first 1000 patients, 150 were ED patients, 614 were admitted without requiring ICU-level care, and 236 were admitted or transferred to the ICU. The most common presenting symptoms were cough (73.2%), fever (72.8%), and dyspnea (63.1%). Hospitalized patients, and ICU patients in particular, most commonly had baseline comorbidities including of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. ICU patients were older, predominantly male (66.9%), and long lengths of stay (median 23 days; IQR 12 to 32 days); 78.0% developed AKI and 35.2% required dialysis. Notably, for patients who required mechanical ventilation, only 4.4% were first intubated more than 14 days after symptom onset. Time to intubation from symptom onset had a bimodal distribution, with modes at 3-4 and 9 days. As of April 30, 90 patients remained hospitalized and 211 had died in the hospital. Conclusions Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 illness at this medical center faced significant morbidity and mortality, with high rates of AKI, dialysis, and a bimodal distribution in time to intubation from symptom onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Argenziano
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
- Department of Biomedical Informatics at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Samuel L Bruce
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
- Department of Biomedical Informatics at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Cody L Slater
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
- Department of Biomedical Informatics at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jonathan R Tiao
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
- Department of Biomedical Informatics at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Matthew R Baldwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - R Graham Barr
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Bernard P Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Katherine H Chau
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Justin J Choi
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Nicholas Gavin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Parag Goyal
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Angela M Mills
- Department of Emergency Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ashmi A Patel
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Marie-Laure S Romney
- Department of Emergency Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Neil W Schluger
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Soumitra Sengupta
- Department of Biomedical Informatics at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Magdalena E Sobieszczyk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jason E Zucker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Paul A Asadourian
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Fletcher M Bell
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Rebekah Boyd
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Matthew F Cohen
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | | | - Lucy A Colville
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Joseph H de Jonge
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Lyle B Dershowitz
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Shirin A Dey
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Katherine A Eiseman
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Zachary P Girvin
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Daniella T Goni
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Amro A Harb
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Nicholas Herzik
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Sarah Householder
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Lara E Karaaslan
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Heather Lee
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Evan Lieberman
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Andrew Ling
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Ree Lu
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Arthur Y Shou
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Alexander C Sisti
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Zachary E Snow
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Colin P Sperring
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Yuqing Xiong
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Henry W Zhou
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Karthik Natarajan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - George Hripcsak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ruijun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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8
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Hein S, Bick J, Issa G, Aoude L, Maalouf C, Awar A, Nourallah S, Zonderman AL, Householder S, Katsovich L, Khoshnood K, Moore C, Salah R, Britto PR, Leckman JF, Ponguta LA. Maternal perceptions of father involvement among refugee and disadvantaged families in Beirut, Lebanon. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229670. [PMID: 32134961 PMCID: PMC7058288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of fathers in (co-)parenting their children among refugee and disadvantaged families in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains poorly understood. This study sought to examine the associations among mothers' perceptions of their husband's involvement (hereafter referred to as paternal involvement), and her perceptions of her own well-being and a number of other variables, as well as observed mother-child interactions in families living in refugee and disadvantaged communities in Beirut, Lebanon. We analyzed baseline data from 104 mother-child dyads (mean age of children = 4.34 years; range = 2.05 to 7.93 years of age) who participated in a randomized controlled trial aimed at evaluating the impact of the Mother-Child Education Program in Beirut. In addition to the mother's perception of paternal involvement and the videotaped mother-child interactions, data were collected concerning the mother's well-being and her level of social support, as well as her level of stress as a parent and the way her children were disciplined in the family. Mother-child pairs were videotaped while completing a puzzle together and dyadic interactions were coded. Path analysis showed that paternal involvement was significantly associated with a higher level of maternal well-being and lower distress levels. In addition, higher levels of maternal distress were associated with higher levels of harsh discipline and parenting stress. Correlation analysis showed that higher perceptions of paternal involvement were associated with more positive affect displayed by the child, more positive regard for the child, and better mother-child synchrony during the dyadic interactions. Limitations include the cross-sectional design and the modest sample size, which hinder causal inferences and generalizability of the findings. These preliminary findings suggest that higher levels of paternal involvement may have an impact on markers of maternal mental health and positive mother-child interactions in families living in disadvantaged communities or humanitarian settings. Paternal involvement should be considered when designing and implementing parenting programs in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Hein
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Bick
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Lara Aoude
- Arab Resource Collective, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Abir Awar
- Arab Resource Collective, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Anna L. Zonderman
- UChicago Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sarah Householder
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Liliya Katsovich
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Kaveh Khoshnood
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Christina Moore
- Department of Psychology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Rima Salah
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Pia R. Britto
- UNICEF, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - James F. Leckman
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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9
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Uraki R, Hwang J, Jurado KA, Householder S, Yockey LJ, Hastings AK, Homer RJ, Iwasaki A, Fikrig E. Zika virus causes testicular atrophy. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1602899. [PMID: 28261663 PMCID: PMC5321463 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that has recently been found to cause fetal infection and neonatal abnormalities, including microcephaly and neurological dysfunction. ZIKV persists in the semen months after the acute viremic phase in humans. To further understand the consequences of ZIKV persistence in males, we infected Ifnar1-/- mice via subcutaneous injection of a pathogenic but nonlethal ZIKV strain. ZIKV replication persists within the testes even after clearance from the blood, with interstitial, testosterone-producing Leydig cells supporting virus replication. We found high levels of viral RNA and antigen within the epididymal lumen, where sperm is stored, and within surrounding epithelial cells. Unexpectedly, at 21 days post-infection, the testes of the ZIKV-infected mice were significantly smaller compared to those of mock-infected mice, indicating progressive testicular atrophy. ZIKV infection caused a reduction in serum testosterone, suggesting that male fertility can be affected. Our findings have important implications for nonvector-borne vertical transmission, as well as long-term potential reproductive deficiencies, in ZIKV-infected males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jesse Hwang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kellie Ann Jurado
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Sarah Householder
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Laura J. Yockey
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Andrew K. Hastings
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Robert J. Homer
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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10
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Jurado KA, Simoni MK, Tang Z, Uraki R, Hwang J, Householder S, Wu M, Lindenbach BD, Abrahams VM, Guller S, Fikrig E. Zika virus productively infects primary human placenta-specific macrophages. JCI Insight 2016; 1. [PMID: 27595140 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The strong association of Zika virus infection with congenital defects has led to questions of how a flavivirus is capable of crossing the placental barrier to reach the fetal brain. Here, we demonstrate permissive Zika virus infection of primary human placental macrophages, commonly referred to as Hofbauer cells, and placental villous fibroblasts. We also demonstrate Zika virus infection of Hofbauer cells within the context of the tissue ex vivo using term placental villous explants. In addition to amplifying infectious virus within a usually inaccessible area, the putative migratory activities of Hofbauer cells may aid in dissemination of Zika virus to the fetal brain. Understanding the susceptibility of placenta-specific cell types will aid future work around and understanding of Zika virus-associated pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie Ann Jurado
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael K Simoni
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Zhonghua Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jesse Hwang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sarah Householder
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mingjie Wu
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Brett D Lindenbach
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Vikki M Abrahams
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Seth Guller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
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