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Murali M, Thampy A, Anandan S, Aiyaz M, Shilpa N, Singh SB, Gowtham HG, Ramesh AM, Rahdar A, Kyzas GZ. Competent antioxidant and antiglycation properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) phyto-fabricated from aqueous leaf extract of Boerhaavia erecta L. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:56731-56742. [PMID: 36929264 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
During the present century, plant-based zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are exploited extensively for their vast biological properties due to their unique characteristic features and eco-friendly nature. Diabetes is one of the fast-growing human diseases/abnormalities worldwide, and the need for new/ novel antiglycation products is the need of the hour. The study deals with the phyto-fabrication of ZnO-NPs from Boerhaavia erecta, a medicinally important plant, and to evaluate their antioxidant and antiglycation ability in vitro. UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize the phyto-fabricated ZnO-NPs. The characterization of nanoparticles revealed that the particles showed an absorption peak at 362 nm and band gap energy of 3.2 eV, approximately 20.55 nm in size, with a ZnO elemental purity of 96.61%. The synthesized particles were found agglomerated when observed under SEM, and the FT-IR studies proved that the phyto-constituents of the extract involved during the different stages (reduction, capping, and stabilization) of nanoparticles synthesis. The antioxidant and metal chelating activities confirmed that ZnO-NPs could inhibit the free radicals generated, which was dose-dependent with an IC50 value between 1.81 and 1.94 mg mL-1, respectively. In addition, the phyto-fabricated nanoparticles blocked the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) as noticed through inhibition of Amadori products, trapping of reactive dicarbonyl intermediate and breaking the cross-link of glycated protein. It was also noted that the phyto-fabricated ZnO-NPs significantly prevented the damage of red blood corpuscles (RBCs) induced by MGO. The present study's findings will provide an experimental basis for exploring ZnO-NPs in diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Anjana Thampy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, 563101, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Anandan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, 563101, Karnataka, India.
| | - Mohammed Aiyaz
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Natarajamurthy Shilpa
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudarshana Brijesh Singh
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Abhilash Mavinakere Ramesh
- Department of Studies in Environmental Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98613-35856, Iran
| | - George Z Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, Kavala, Greece
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Handa S, Villasis-Keever A, Shenoy M, Anandan S, Bhrushundi M, Garodia N, Fife D, De Doncker P, Shalayda K, Hu P, Fonseca S, Cure-bolt N. No evidence of resistance to itraconazole in a prospective real-world trial of dermatomycosis in India. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281514. [PMID: 36787305 PMCID: PMC9928099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of superficial fungal infections in India is believed to have increased substantially in the past decade. We evaluated the treatment outcomes and risk factors associated with clinical response to a treatment course of itraconazole for the management of dermatomycosis in India. METHODS In this real-world, prospective pilot study (August 2019 to March 2020), adult participants (18-60 years), diagnosed with T. cruris or T. corporis, received itraconazole 200 mg/day (any formulation) orally for 7 days, and were followed for an additional 7 days. RESULTS The study was terminated early due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Of 40 enrolled participants (mean [SD] age, 35.5 [12.73] years; {62.5%}] male; 37 received itraconazole and 20 (50%) completed the study. The median (range) Clinical Evaluation Tool Signs and Symptoms total score at baseline was 5.5 (2-10). Clinical response of "healed" or "markedly improved" based on the Investigator Global Evaluation Tool at day 7 (primary objective) was 42.9% (12/28; 95% CI: 24.53%, 61.19%). Itraconazole minimum inhibitory concentration for identified microorganisms, T. mentagrophytes species complex (91.7%) and T. rubrum (8.3%), was within the susceptibility range (0.015-0.25 mcg/mL). At day 14, 8/13 (61.5%) participants achieved a mycological response, 2/13 participants (15.4%) had a mycological failure and 90% showed a clinical response. CONCLUSION COVID-19 pandemic affected patient recruitment and follow-up, so the findings call for a careful interpretation. Nevertheless, this real-world study reconfirmed the clinical efficacy and microbial susceptibility to itraconazole for the fungi causing dermatophytosis in India. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration number: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03923010.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Handa
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A. Villasis-Keever
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - M. Shenoy
- Yenepoya Medical College Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Anandan
- Sri Ramchandra Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Bhrushundi
- Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - N. Garodia
- Janssen Medical Affairs, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - D. Fife
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - P. De Doncker
- Janssen Infectious Diseases-Diagnostics, Beerse, Belgium
| | - K. Shalayda
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - P. Hu
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - S. Fonseca
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - N. Cure-bolt
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, United States of America
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Gowtham HG, Ahmed F, Anandan S, Shivakumara CS, Bilagi A, Pradeep S, Shivamallu C, Shati AA, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SEI, Achar RR, Silina E, Stupin V, Murali M, Kollur SP. In Silico Computational Studies of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Wedelia trilobata against Anti-Apoptotic B-Cell Lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) Protein Associated with Cancer Cell Survival and Resistance. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041588. [PMID: 36838574 PMCID: PMC9959492 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the binding affinity of 52 bioactive secondary metabolites from Wedelia trilobata towards the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein (PDB: 2W3L) structure was identified by using in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. The molecular docking results demonstrated that the binding energies of docked compounds with Bcl-2 protein ranged from -5.3 kcal/mol to -10.1 kcal/mol. However, the lowest binding energy (-10.1 kcal/mol) was offered by Friedelin against Bcl-2 protein when compared to other metabolites and the standard drug Obatoclax (-8.4 kcal/mol). The molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the Friedelin-Bcl-2 protein complex was found to be stable throughout the simulation period of 100 ns. Overall, the predicted Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) properties of Friedelin are relatively better than Obatoclax, with the most noticeable differences in many parameters where Friedelin has no AMES toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and skin sensitization. The ADMET profiling of selected compounds supported their in silico drug-likeness properties. Based on the computational analyses, the present study concluded that Friedelin of W. trilobata was found to be the potential inhibitor of the Bcl-2 protein, which merits attention for further in vitro and in vivo studies before clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faiyaz Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Al Qassim Region, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Satish Anandan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar 563103, Karnataka, India
| | - C. S. Shivakumara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar 563103, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashween Bilagi
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar 563103, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushma Pradeep
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (M.M.); (S.P.K.)
| | - Ali A. Shati
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y. Alfaifi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
- Cell Culture Lab, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Raghu Ram Achar
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Ekaterina Silina
- Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Stupin
- Department of Hospital Surgery, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (M.M.); (S.P.K.)
| | - Shiva Prasad Kollur
- School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru 570026, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (M.M.); (S.P.K.)
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Gothwal P, Kumar A, Rathore D, Mukherji R, Vetriselvi T, Anandan S. Response Surface Methodology Analysis of Energy Harvesting System over Pathway Tiles. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1146. [PMID: 36770152 PMCID: PMC9919019 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental analysis of the optimization of PZT-based tiles for energy harvesting. The hardware (actual experiment), PZT-based tiles, were developed using 6 × 6 piezoelectric (PZT-lead zirconate titanate) sensors of 40 mm in diameter on a hard cardboard sheet (300 × 300 mm2). Our experimental analysis of the designed tiles obtained an optimized power of 3.626 mW (85 kg or 0.83 kN using 36 sensors) for one footstep and 0.9 mW for 30 footsteps at high tapping frequency. Theoretical analysis was conducted with software (Design-Expert) using the response surface methodology (RSM) for optimized PZT tiles, obtaining a power of 6784.155 mW at 150 kg or 1.47 kN weight using 34 sensors. This software helped to formulate the mathematical equation for the most suitable PZT tile model for power optimization. It used the quadratic model to provide adjusted and predicted R2 values of 0.9916 and 0.9650, respectively. The values were less than 0.2 apart, which indicates a high correlation between the actual and predicted values. The outcome of the various experiments can help with the selection of input factors for optimized power during pavement design.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Gothwal
- Departments of Mechatronics Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, Rajasthan, India
- Department of IoT, School of Computer Science & E, VIT Vellore, Katpadi 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Kumar
- Departments of Mechatronics Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, Rajasthan, India
| | - D. Rathore
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303007, Rajasthan, India
| | - R. Mukherji
- Department of ECE, ICFAI University, Jaipur 302031, Rajasthan, India
| | - T. Vetriselvi
- Department of IoT, School of Computer Science & E, VIT Vellore, Katpadi 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Anandan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
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Gowtham HG, Murali M, Singh SB, Shivamallu C, Pradeep S, Shivakumar CS, Anandan S, Thampy A, Achar RR, Silina E, Stupin V, Ortega-Castro J, Frau J, Flores-Holguín N, Amruthesh KN, Kollur SP, Glossman-Mitnik D. Phytoconstituents of Withania somnifera unveiled Ashwagandhanolide as a potential drug targeting breast cancer: Investigations through computational, molecular docking and conceptual DFT studies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275432. [PMID: 36201520 PMCID: PMC9536605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in females worldwide and poses a great challenge that necessitates the identification of novel therapeutic agents from several sources. This research aimed to study the molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations of four proteins (such as PDB: 6CBZ, 1FDW, 5GWK and 2WTT) with the selected phytochemicals from Withania somnifera to identify the potential inhibitors for breast cancer. The molecular docking result showed that among 44 compounds, two of them, Ashwagandhanolide and Withanolide sulfoxide have the potential to inhibit estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), 17-beta-hydroxysteroid -dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1), topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) and p73 tetramerization domain that are expressed during breast cancer. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations results suggested that Ashwagandhanolide remained inside the binding cavity of four targeted proteins and contributed favorably towards forming a stable protein-ligand complex throughout the simulation. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) properties confirmed that Ashwagandhanolide is hydrophobic and has moderate intestinal permeability, good intestinal absorption, and poor skin permeability. The compound has a relatively low VDss value (-1.652) and can be transported across ABC transporter and good central nervous system (CNS) permeability but did not easily cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This compound does not possess any mutagenicity, hepatotoxicity and skin sensitization. Based on the results obtained, the present study highlights the anticancer potential of Ashwagandhanolide, a compound from W. somnifera. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to perform before clinical trials to prove the potentiality of Ashwagandhanolide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushma Pradeep
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - C. S. Shivakumar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Anandan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail: (SA); (KNA); (SPK); (DGM)
| | - Anjana Thampy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghu Ram Achar
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ekaterina Silina
- Department of Human Pathology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Stupin
- Department of Hospital Surgery, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Juan Frau
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Malllorca, Spain
| | - Norma Flores-Holguín
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chih, México
| | - Kestur Nagaraj Amruthesh
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail: (SA); (KNA); (SPK); (DGM)
| | - Shiva Prasad Kollur
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences (SAGEONS), University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail: (SA); (KNA); (SPK); (DGM)
| | - Daniel Glossman-Mitnik
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chih, México
- * E-mail: (SA); (KNA); (SPK); (DGM)
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Pugazhenthiran N, Murugesan S, Valdés H, Selvaraj M, Sathishkumar P, Smirniotis P, Anandan S, Mangalaraja R. Photocatalytic oxidation of ceftiofur sodium under UV–visible irradiation using plasmonic porous Ag-TiO2 nanospheres. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Sekar K, Kumara CSS, Thabassum ZAF, Reddy MM, Anandan S. Nutrient Composition and Radical Scavenging Activities of Watermelon Seed-based Nutribar. JPRI 2021. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i60b35103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aims: The present study is aimed to develop watermelon seed nutribars (WMSNB) and to determine proximate content, antioxidant activity, free fatty composition and also sensory evaluation in order to create awareness of its potential nutritional values and increase its consumption in the form of nutraceuticals, functional foods and pharmaceuticals.
Study Design: Proximate analysis, total phenolic, antioxidant activity and free fatty acid profile was carried by using well established in-vitro assay.
Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research. Kolar, between June 2021 and November 2021
Methodology: The developed nutribars samples were evaluated for proximate analysis (moisture, crude protein, ash, total fat, crude fibre, and total carbohydrate), total phenolic, antioxidant activity by using DPPH assay, free fatty composition by using GC-MS, and sensory characteristics based on hedonic scale point. The ingredients used for preparation of WMSNB were Watermelon seeds (100gm), jaggery (50gm), coconut flakes (15gm), sesame seeds (10gm) and ghee (5gm). Peanut nutribars (PNB) were also developed by replacing Watermelon seeds (WMS) with peanuts which was used for comparison purpose.
Results: The proximate screening indicated that protein (15.72%) and carbohydrate content (52.49%) was high in WMSNB compared to PNB. The prepared WMSNB showed rich in phenolics and also possessed good antioxidant activity against DPPH. The free fatty acid composition showed that linolenic acid, stearic acid and lauric acid of oil extracted from WMSNB were 51.15%, 10.65% and 6.49% respectively, while oleic and palmitic acid extracted from PNB were 38.11% and 14.62% respectively. The overall sensory evaluation showed that there was no significant difference (P<0.05) between WMSNB and PNB.
Conclusion: The antioxidant capacity of the WMSNB constituent underlines the potential source of natural antioxidants and bioactive compounds for the therapeutic purposes.
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Snehya AV, Sundaramahalingam MA, Rajeshbanu J, Anandan S, Sivashanmugam P. Studies on evaluation of surfactant coupled sonication pretreatment on Ulva fasciata (marine macroalgae) for enhanced biohydrogen production. Ultrason Sonochem 2021; 81:105853. [PMID: 34861557 PMCID: PMC8640538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biohydrogen production from marine macroalgal biomass by advanced pre-treatment strategies is considered a clean energy technology. The present study focuses on investigating the effects of sonication pre-treatment (SP) and saponin coupled sonic pre-treatment (SSP) on Ulva fasciata for enhancing the production of biohydrogen. The SP and SSP were optimized to improve the hydrolysis process during digestion. The optimized time and sonication power were found respectively as 30 min and 200 W. A high concentration of biopolymer release was noticed in SSP than SP at optimized conditions. The surfactant dosage in SSP was optimized at 0.0036 g/g TS. The effect of SSP process was assessed by estimation of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and SCOD (Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand) release. The study revealed that, at a specific energy of 36,000 KJ/Kg TS, the SCOD release was higher in SSP (1900 mg/L) than SP (1050 mg/L). The SSP process could improve the COD solubilization to 15 % more than the SP. Carbohydrate and protein release are also more in SSP than SP. The use of biosurfactants significantly reduced the energy utilization in the hydrolysis process. The SSP pre-treated Ulva fasciata biomass has yielded a higher biohydrogen of 91.7 mL/g COD which is higher compared to SP (40.5 mL/g COD) and Control (9 mL/g COD).
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Snehya
- Chemical and Biochemical Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M A Sundaramahalingam
- Chemical and Biochemical Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - J Rajeshbanu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Anandan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - P Sivashanmugam
- Chemical and Biochemical Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.
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Peter IJ, Vijaya S, Anandan S, Nithiananthi P. Sb2S3 entrenched MWCNT composite as a low-cost Pt-free counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell and a viewpoint for a photo-powered energy system. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dilara K, Padmavathi R, Maheshkumar K, Anandan S, Vijayaraghavan PV. Evaluation of workshop on teaching skills for medical postgraduates (Ramachandra Annual Postgraduate Teaching Skills). J Educ Health Promot 2021; 10:292. [PMID: 34667792 PMCID: PMC8459855 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_449_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postgraduate medical curriculum is usually devoted to developing competencies in the specialty concerned, patient care, and submitting dissertations. The need to impart teaching skills during postgraduation has gone unnoticed, hence Ramachandra Annual Postgraduate Teaching Skills (RAPTS), a teaching skills workshop, was conceptualized and implemented as postgraduate students serve as tutors/residents in the department to teach undergraduate medical students. This study is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching skills workshop for postgraduates. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and seventy-eight postgraduate students of pre- and paraclinical department underwent the training in medical education principles and participated in the feedback. RAPTS Workshop was implemented as per the six-step approach. The learning was evaluated through a pre- and posttest scores. Student feedback was also obtained on the process overall objectives and contents of the workshop. Force-field analysis was performed. RESULTS There was a significant learning by the postgraduates on various medical education principles as evidenced by significant improvement in the posttest scores (P < 0.05). Feedback regarding the general aspects of the workshop showed that 92% of the participants felt that the contents of the workshop suited their learning. Eighty-four percent of the participants opined that the presentations of the sessions were good and 91% felt that time management was good. Force-field analysis indicated that the factors favoring teaching skills workshop were higher. CONCLUSION This study has highlighted the importance of including teaching methodology training in the postgraduate curriculum that helps in grooming the future teachers in the right direction, in the right time. Competencies related to teaching skills based on medical education principles can be included in the postgraduate curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Dilara
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Padmavathi
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. Maheshkumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Anandan
- Department of Dermatology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. V. Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Murali M, Anandan S, Ansari MA, Alzohairy MA, Alomary MN, Asiri SMM, Almatroudi A, Thriveni MC, Singh SB, Gowtham HG, Aiyaz M, Srinivasa C, Urooj A, Amruthesh KN. Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Phyto-Fabricated from the Obscure Morning Glory Plant Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker Gawl. Molecules 2021; 26:891. [PMID: 33567661 PMCID: PMC7915295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidant, genotoxic, and cytotoxic potentialities of phyto-fabricated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) from Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker Gawl. aqueous leaf extract. The UV-visible spectral analysis of the ZnO-NPs showed an absorption peak at 304 nm with a bandgap energy of 3.54 eV, which are characteristics of zinc nanoparticles. Moreover, the particles were of nano-size (~24.26 nm) with 88.11% purity and were agglomerated as observed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The phyto-fabricated ZnO-NPs offered radical scavenging activity (RSA) in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.45 mg mL-1. In addition, the genotoxicity studies of ZnO-NPs carried out on onion root tips revealed that the particles were able to significantly inhibit the cell division at the mitotic stage with a mitotic index of 39.49%. Further, the cytotoxic studies on HT-29 cells showed that the phyto-fabricated ZnO-NPs could arrest the cell division as early as in the G0/G1 phase (with 92.14%) with 73.14% cells showing early apoptotic symptoms after 24 h of incubation. The results of the study affirm the ability of phyto-fabricated ZnO-NPs from aqueous leaf extract of I. obscura is beneficial in the cytotoxic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India;
| | - Satish Anandan
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (S.A.); (A.U.)
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institutes for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad A. Alzohairy
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim 51431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad N. Alomary
- National Center for Biotechnology, Life Science and Environmental Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Mousa Maadi Asiri
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim 51431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - M. C. Thriveni
- Central Sericultural Germplasm Resources Centre, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Thally Road, TVS Nagar, Hosur 635109, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Sudarshana Brijesh Singh
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (S.B.S.); (H.G.G.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Mohammed Aiyaz
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (S.B.S.); (H.G.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Chandrashekar Srinivasa
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Davangere University, Davangere 577007, Karnataka, India;
| | - Asna Urooj
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (S.A.); (A.U.)
| | - Kestur Nagaraj Amruthesh
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India;
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Sugumar R, Kumar AP, Maheshkumar K, Padmavathi R, Ramachandran P, Ravichandran L, Anandan S, Vijayaraghavan P. Development and validation of a structured feedback questionnaire from postgraduates on various elements of postgraduate medical curriculum. Med J Armed Forces India 2021; 77:S57-S64. [PMID: 33612933 PMCID: PMC7873746 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical Council of India, introduced the Post Graduate (PG) curriculum as 'Competency Based Medical Education' (CBME). Feedback from the end users is a vital step in curriculum evaluation. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to develop and validate a Structured Feedback Questionnaire (SFQ) for postgraduates, encompassing all the components of the PG-CBME curriculum. METHODS SFQ was developed with 23 Likert based questions and four open ended questions. Content validation was done by Lawshe method. After getting institutional ethics clearance and informed consent, SFQ was administered to 121 final year PGs (response rate 100%). We performed Principal component analysis (PCA), Structural equation modeling (SEM), Chi squared test (χ2/df); goodness-of-fit index (GFI); adjusted GFI; comparative fit index (CFI) and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). Cronbach's alpha was done for estimating the internal consistency. RESULTS The validation resulted in a three-factor model comprising of "curriculum" (42.1%), "assessment" (28%), and "support" (18.5%). Chi squared test (χ2/df ratio) < 2, CFI (0.78), GFI (0.72) and RMSEA (0.09) indicated superior goodness of fit for the three-factor model for the sample data. All the extracted factors had good internal consistency of ≥0.9. CONCLUSION We believe that this 23 item SFQ is a valid and reliable tool which can be utilized for curriculum evaluation and thereby formulating recommendations to modify the existing curriculum wherever required, facilitating enriched program outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Sugumar
- Assistant Professor (Pharmacology), Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, SRIHER (DU), Chennai, India
| | - Archana Prabu Kumar
- Assistant Professor, Medical Education Unit, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - K. Maheshkumar
- Assistant Medical Officer (Physiology & Biochemistry), Government Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - R. Padmavathi
- Associate Dean (PG Studies-Basic Sciences) & Professor (Physiology), Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, SRIHER (DU), Chennai, India
| | - P. Ramachandran
- Associate Dean (PG Studies-Clinical) & Professor (Paediatrics), Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, SRIHER (DU), Chennai, India
| | - Latha Ravichandran
- Associate Dean (Education) & Professor (Paediatrics), Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, SRIHER (DU), Chennai, India
| | - S. Anandan
- Dean-Medical College, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, SRIHER (DU), Chennai, India
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Chethan K, Gowda N, Prabhu T, Giridhar K, Anandan S, Dey D, Soren N, Shivakumar M. Biomass yield and nutritive value of maize grain sprouts produced with hydroponic technique compared with maize grain and conventional green fodder. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2021. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2021.00010.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kulandaipalayam Natarajan S, Srinivasan M, Senthil Kumar J, Abraham P, Anandan S, Balaji V, Mohan V, Kang G, John J. Hepatitis A outbreak with the concurrence of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Poona infection in children of urban Vellore, south India. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Pragasam A, Mutreja A, John J, Anandan S, Mohan V, Kang G, Dougan G, Veeraraghavan B. Genomic investigations of S. Typhi isolated from Community and Hospital settings – An update from SEFI network. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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17
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Chunchegowda UA, Shivaram AB, Mahadevamurthy M, Ramachndrappa LT, Lalitha SG, Krishnappa HKN, Anandan S, Sudarshana BS, Chanappa EG, Ramachandrappa NS. Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Passiflora subpeltata: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity Against Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry Faeces. J CLUST SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Urooj A, Pai Kotebagilu N, Shivanna LM, Anandan S, Thantry AN, Siraj SF. Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Body Composition, Biochemical Profile, and Antioxidant Status in a Sample of Healthy Individuals. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2020; 18:e107641. [PMID: 33613680 PMCID: PMC7887457 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.107641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muslims fast during the month of Ramadan by abstinence from food and drink every day from dawn to sunset. Studies have reported contradictory results with respect to the changes in body weight and biochemical parameters. No study has been conducted on the association between fasting and body weight and biochemical parameters in the Indian setting on healthy Muslim subjects. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of fasting during Ramadan on biochemical parameters such as lipid profile, liver function test, renal function test, antioxidant status, random blood sugar, hemoglobin, body composition, and blood pressure in a sample of healthy individuals. METHODS In this study, 52 healthy free-living participants (25 males, 27 females, 21-64 years) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and completed both follow-ups (before and after Ramadan) were studied. Participants were fasting 12 hours a day for at least 21 days, including menstruating women. It was a free-living study with no dietary restrictions. Anthropometry, lipid profile, liver and renal function tests were measured by standard methods. Body composition was analyzed by bioelectrical impedance. RESULTS Significant beneficial changes in albumin, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were observed, while total cholesterol, random blood sugar, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes remained unchanged after Ramadan. Fasting did bring in some changes in body composition; among both men and women, mean weight loss ranged from 0.81 - 1.4 kg in majority of the subjects, which was due to loss in muscle mass. Moderate changes in intra- and extracellular water content was observed after fasting. CONCLUSIONS Significant improvements were observed in HDL levels and liver function tests, which can be attributed to the loss of body weight. Improvement in liver function tests may be related to the changes in cytokines and alteration in sleep patterns. Ramadan-like fasting, along with the nutritional education prior to fasting, may be beneficial and effective in the spiritual and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asna Urooj
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Corresponding Author: Professor, Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Namratha Pai Kotebagilu
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Lohith Mysuru Shivanna
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Anandan
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Syeda Farha Siraj
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Padmavathi R, Dilara K, MaheshKumar K, Anandan S, Vijayaraghavan P. RAPTS – An empowerment to the medical postgraduates. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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20
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Krishna S, Sathishkumar P, Pugazhenthiran N, Guesh K, Mangalaraja RV, Kumaran S, Gracia-Pinilla MA, Anandan S. Magnetically recyclable CoFe2O4/ZnO nanocatalysts for the efficient catalytic degradation of Acid Blue 113 under ambient conditions. RSC Adv 2020; 10:16473-16480. [PMID: 35498872 PMCID: PMC9052941 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00082e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CoFe2O4/ZnO magnetic nanocatalysts were synthesized using a low-frequency ultrasound-assisted technique to enhance the optical, morphological, magnetic and catalytic properties of ZnO. The as-synthesized nanocatalysts were characterized by XRD, Raman, TEM, DR-UV-Vis and VSM analyses in order to confirm the expected modifications of the resulting nanocatalysts. The Raman spectral analysis revealed substitutional Zn2+ in the CoFe2O4/ZnO nanocatalyst. The as-synthesized material was tested for its catalytic activity in the degradation of Acid Blue (AB113), a known textile pollutant. The CoFe2O4 and CoFe2O4/ZnO nanocatalysts revealed the efficient catalytic degradation of AB113 in ambient conditions. The nanocatalyst dosage and the initial concentration of AB113 were varied by fixing one parameter as constant in order to determine the maximum catalytic efficiency with the minimum catalyst loading for AB113 degradation. The CoFe2O4/ZnO nanocatalyst demonstrated 10-fold enhanced mineralization of AB113 compared to the individual bare nanocatalysts, which could be achieved within 3 hours of catalytic degradation of AB113. The magnetic CoFe2O4/ZnO nanocatalyst was found to be stable for six consecutive recycles of AB113 degradation, which indicates that the catalytic efficiency of the nanocatalyst was retained after various numbers of cycles. CoFe2O4/ZnO magnetic nanocatalysts were synthesized using a low-frequency ultrasound-assisted technique to enhance the optical, morphological, magnetic and catalytic properties of ZnO.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Krishna
- Department of Chemistry
- Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology
- Thanjavur 613403
- India
| | | | - N. Pugazhenthiran
- Laboratorio de Tecnologías Limpias
- Facultad de Ingeniería
- Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción
- Concepción
- Chile
| | - Kiros Guesh
- Department of Chemistry
- Aksum University
- Axum 1010
- Ethiopia
| | - R. V. Mangalaraja
- Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Concepcion
- Concepcion 4070409
| | - S. Kumaran
- Department of Biotechnology
- Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology
- Thanjavur 613 403
- India
| | - M. A. Gracia-Pinilla
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matematicas
- Av. Universidad
- Cd. Universitaria
- San Nicolas de los Garza
| | - S. Anandan
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Lab
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Trichy 620015
- India
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Amladi A, Devanga Ragupathi NK, Vasudevan K, Venkatesan M, Anandan S, Veeraraghavan B. First report of Burkholderia pseudomallei ST412 and ST734 clones harbouring blaOXA-57 but susceptible to imipenem in India. New Microbes New Infect 2019; 32:100613. [PMID: 31737280 PMCID: PMC6849412 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei has become an important clinical threat, especially in Northern Australia and Southeast Asia. However, the genome information on this pathogen is limited. B. pseudomallei isolates identified from bloodstream infections from inpatients were subjected to whole-genome sequencing by IonTorrent PGM and MinION Oxford Nanopore sequencing technologies. Highly accurate complete genomes of two strains, VB3253 and VB2514, were obtained by a hybrid genome assembly method using both short and long DNA reads. Both isolates carried blaPenI and carbapenemase-encoding blaOXA-57 genes, although the isolates were susceptible to imipenem by E-test method with MIC 1 μg/mL. Multiple IS family transposases specific for all non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNBs)—especially IS3 and IS5, which facilitate mobilization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase genes—were carried in these genomes. This further adds to the complexity of gene transmission. These IS families were identified only upon hybrid genome assembly and would otherwise be missed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amladi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N K Devanga Ragupathi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Vasudevan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Venkatesan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Anandan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Veeraraghavan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 004, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mohan EH, Anandan S, Appa Rao BV, Rao TN. Neem Leaf-derived Micro and Mesoporous Carbon as an Efficient Polysulfide Inhibitor for Sulfur Cathode in a Li-S Battery. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Hari Mohan
- International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI), Balapur, Hyderabad 500005, Telangana State, India
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Telangana State, India
| | - S. Anandan
- International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI), Balapur, Hyderabad 500005, Telangana State, India
| | - B. V. Appa Rao
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Telangana State, India
| | - Tata. N. Rao
- International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI), Balapur, Hyderabad 500005, Telangana State, India
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Anjugam Vandarkuzhali SA, Pugazhenthiran N, Mangalaraja RV, Sathishkumar P, Viswanathan B, Anandan S. Ultrasmall Plasmonic Nanoparticles Decorated Hierarchical Mesoporous TiO 2 as an Efficient Photocatalyst for Photocatalytic Degradation of Textile Dyes. ACS Omega 2018; 3:9834-9845. [PMID: 31459112 PMCID: PMC6644734 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical mesoporous TiO2 was synthesized via a solvothermal technique. The sonochemical method was adopted to decorate plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) (Ag, Au) on the pores of mesoporous TiO2. The crystallinity, structure, and morphology were determined to understand the physicochemical nature of the nanocomposites. The catalytic efficiency of the plasmonic nanocatalysts was tested for the azo dyes (congo red, methyl orange, acid orange 10, and remazol red) under solar and visible light irradiations. The generation of hydroxyl radicals was also studied using terephthalic acid as a probe molecule. An attempt was made to understand the influence of size, work function and Fermi level of the metal NPs toward the efficiency of the photocatalyst. The efficiency of the nanocomposites was found to be in the order of P25 < mesoporous TiO2 < mesoporous Ag-TiO2 < mesoporous Au-TiO2 nanospheres under both direct solar light and visible light irradiation. The results indicated that the adsorption of dye, anatase phase, and surface plasmon resonance of NPs favored the effective degradation of dyes in aqueous solution. Further, the efficiency of the catalyst was also tested for xanthene (rose bengal), rhodamine (rhodamine B, rhodamine 6G), and thiazine (methylene blue) dyes. Both TiO2 and NPs (Ag & Au) possess a huge potential as an eco-friendly photocatalyst for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N. Pugazhenthiran
- Advanced
Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Materials Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 4070409, Chile
- E-mail: . Phone: +56-412203664. Fax: +56-41-2203391 (N.P.)
| | - R. V. Mangalaraja
- Advanced
Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Materials Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 4070409, Chile
- Technological
Development Unit, University of Concepcion, Coronel Industrial Park, Coronel 4191996, Chile
- E-mail: . Phone: +56-412207389. Fax: +56-41-2203391 (R.V.M.)
| | - P. Sathishkumar
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Aksum University, Axum 1010, Ethiopia
| | - B. Viswanathan
- National
Centre for Catalysis Research, Indian Institute
of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - S. Anandan
- Nanomaterials
& Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India
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Girisun TCS, Jeganathan C, Pavithra N, Anandan S. Tunable photovoltaic performance of preferentially oriented rutile TiO 2 nanorod photoanode based dye sensitized solar cells with quasi-state electrolyte. Nanotechnology 2018; 29:085605. [PMID: 29360633 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaa31d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Photoanodes made of highly oriented TiO2 nanorod (NR) arrays with different aspect ratios were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal technique. Preferentially oriented single crystalline rutile TiO2 was confirmed by the single peak in an XRD pattern (2θ = 63°, (0 0 2)). FESEM images evidenced the growth of an array of NRss having different geometries with respect to reaction time and solution refreshment rate. The length, diameter and aspect ratio of the NRs increased with reaction time as 4 h (1.98 μm, 121 nm, 15.32), 8 h (4 μm, 185 nm, 22.70), 12 h (5.6 μm, 242 nm, 27.24) and 16 h (8 μm, 254 nm, 38.02), respectively. Unlike a conventional dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with a liquid electrolyte, DSSCs were fabricated here using one-dimensional rutile TiO2 NR based photoanodes, N719 dye and a quasi-state electrolyte. The charge transport properties were investigated using current-voltage curves and fitted using the one-diode model. Interestingly the photovoltaic performance of the DSSCs increased exponentially with the length of the NR and was attributed to a higher surface to volume ratio, more dye anchoring, and channelized electron transport. The higher photovoltaic performance (Jsc = 5.99 mA cm-2, Voc = 750 mV, η = 3.08%) was observed with photoanodes (16 h) made with the longer, densely packed TiO2 NRs (8 μm, 254 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Sabari Girisun
- Nanophotonics Laboratory, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli -620024, India
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Anandan S, Mahadevamurthy M, Chandra C C, Urooj A. Ex vivo and in silico Molecular Docking Studies of Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Activity of Apigenin from Morus indica L. J Young Pharm 2018. [DOI: 10.5530/jyp.2019.11.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Pugazhenthiran N, Mangalaraja RV, Sathishkumar P, Murugesan S, Muneeswaran T, Pandiyarajan T, Naveenraj S, Contreras D, Anandan S. Green synthesis of porous Au–Nx-TiO2 nanospheres for solar light induced photocatalytic degradation of diazo and triazo dyes and their eco-toxic effects. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04554b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photocatalytic activity of Au–Nx-TiO2 nanospheres evaluated under natural sunlight; 91% mineralization of azo dyes is achieved without toxic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Pugazhenthiran
- Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Concepcion
- Concepcion 4070409
| | - R. V. Mangalaraja
- Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Concepcion
- Concepcion 4070409
| | - P. Sathishkumar
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Aksum University
- Axum-1010
- Ethiopia
| | - S. Murugesan
- School of Chemistry
- Madurai Kamaraj University
- Madurai-625021
- India
| | - T. Muneeswaran
- Department of Marine & Coastal Studies
- School of Energy
- Environment and Natural Resources
- Madurai Kamraj University
- Madurai
| | - T. Pandiyarajan
- Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Concepcion
- Concepcion 4070409
| | - S. Naveenraj
- Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Concepcion
- Concepcion 4070409
| | - D. Contreras
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences
- University of Concepcion
- Concepcion 4070409
- Chile
| | - S. Anandan
- Nanomaterials & Solar Energy Conversion Lab
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli 620015
- India
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Rajamani Sekar S, Veeraraghavan B, Anandan S, Devanga Ragupathi N, Sangal L, Joshi S. Strengthening the laboratory diagnosis of pathogenicCorynebacteriumspecies in the Vaccine era. Lett Appl Microbiol 2017; 65:354-365. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S.K. Rajamani Sekar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology; Christian Medical College; Vellore India
| | - B. Veeraraghavan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology; Christian Medical College; Vellore India
| | - S. Anandan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology; Christian Medical College; Vellore India
| | | | - L. Sangal
- World Health Organization (WHO) Country Office; New Delhi India
| | - S. Joshi
- World Health Organization (WHO) Country Office; New Delhi India
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Anandan S, Keerthiga M, Vijaya S, Asiri AM, Bogush V, Krasulyaa O. Physicochemical characterization of black seed oil-milk emulsions through ultrasonication. Ultrason Sonochem 2017; 38:766-771. [PMID: 27838219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The ultrasonic formation of stable emulsions of a bioactive material, black seed oil, in skim milk was investigated. The incorporation of 7% of black seed oil in pasteurised homogenized skim milk (PHSM) using 20kHz high intensity ultrasound was successfully achieved. The effect of sonication time and acoustic power on the emulsion stability was studied. A minimum process time of 8min at an applied acoustic power of 100W was sufficient to produce emulsion droplets stable for at least 8days upon storage at 4±2°C, which was confirmed through creaming stability, particle size, rheology and color analysis. Partially denatured whey proteins may provide stability to the emulsion droplets and in addition to the cavitation effects of ultrasound are responsible for the production of smaller sized emulsion droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anandan
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620 015, India.
| | - M Keerthiga
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620 015, India
| | - S Vijaya
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620 015, India
| | - A M Asiri
- The Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia
| | - V Bogush
- Moscow State University of Technology and Management, Moscow, Russia
| | - O Krasulyaa
- Moscow State University of Technology and Management, Moscow, Russia
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Pugazhenthiran N, Kaviyarasan K, Sivasankar T, Emeline A, Bahnemann D, Mangalaraja RV, Anandan S. Sonochemical synthesis of porous NiTiO 3 nanorods for photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium. Ultrason Sonochem 2017; 35:342-350. [PMID: 27773770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Porous NiTiO3 nanorods were synthesized through the sonochemical route followed by calcination at various temperature conditions. Surface morphology of the samples was tuned by varying the heat treatment temperature from 100 to 600°C. The synthesized NiTiO3 nanorods were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, diffused reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. The characterization studies revealed that the NiTiO3 nanomaterial was tuned to porous and perfectly rod shaped structure during the heat treatment at 600°C. The porous NiTiO3 nanorods showed visible optical response and thus can be utilized in the photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium (CFS) under direct sunlight. The photoluminescence intensity of the porous NiTiO3 nanorods formed while heating at 600°C was lower than that of the as-synthesized NiTiO3 sample owing to the photogenerated electrons delocalization along the one dimensional nanorods and this delocalization resulted in the reduction of the electron-hole recombination rate. The photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium (CFS) was carried out using NiTiO3 nanorods under the direct sunlight irradiation and their intermediate products were analysed through HPLC to deduce the possible degradation mechanism. The porous NiTiO3 nanorods exhibited an excellent photocatalytic activity towards the CFS degradation and further, the photocatalytic activity was increased by the addition of peroxomonosulfate owing to the simultaneous generation of both OH and SO4-.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pugazhenthiran
- Nanomaterials & Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620 015, India; Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 407-0409, Chile
| | - K Kaviyarasan
- Nanomaterials & Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620 015, India
| | - T Sivasankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620 015, India
| | - A Emeline
- Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - D Bahnemann
- Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia; Photocatalysis and Nanotechnology, Institut fuer Technische Chemie, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Germany.
| | - R V Mangalaraja
- Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 407-0409, Chile.
| | - S Anandan
- Nanomaterials & Solar Energy Conversion Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Trichy 620 015, India.
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Pragasam AK, Vijayakumar S, Bakthavatchalam YD, Kapil A, Das BK, Ray P, Gautam V, Sistla S, Parija SC, Walia K, Ohri VC, Anandan S, Veeraraghavan B. Molecular characterisation of antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii during 2014 and 2015 collected across India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2017; 34:433-441. [PMID: 27934820 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.195376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of great importance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are important pathogens and emergence of resistance in these have increased the morbidity and mortality rates. This surveillance study was initiated by the Government of India - Indian Council of Medical Research. The aim of this study is to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and to characterise the enzyme mediated antimicrobial resistance such as extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases among multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. MATERIALS AND METHODS A multi-centric study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2015 with a total number of 240 MDR P. aeruginosa and 312 MDR A. baumannii isolated from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, respiratory, pus, urine and intra-abdominal infections. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion was done to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Further, MDR isolates were characterised by multiplex polymerase chain reaction to determine the resistance genes for ESBLs and carbapenemases. RESULTS Among the ESBLs, blaVEB (23%), blaTEM (5%) and blaSHV (0.4%) in P. aeruginosa and blaPER (54%), blaTEM (16%) and blaSHV (1%) in A. baumannii were the most prevalent. Likewise, blaVIM (37%), blaNDM (14%), blaGES (8%) and blaIMP (2%) in P. aeruginosa and blaOXA-23like (98%), blaOXA-58like (2%), blaNDM (22%) and blaVIM (3%) in A. baumannii were found to be the most prevalent carbapenemases. blaOXA-51like gene, intrinsic to A. baumannii was present in all the isolates tested. CONCLUSION The data shown highlight the wide difference in the molecular mechanisms of AMR profile between P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. In P. aeruginosa, plasmid-mediated mechanisms are much lesser than the chromosomal mediated mechanisms. In A. baumannii, class D oxacillinases are more common than other mechanisms. Continuous surveillance to monitor the trends in AMR among MDR pathogens is important for implementation of infection control and to guide appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Pragasam
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Vijayakumar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Y D Bakthavatchalam
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Kapil
- Department of Microbiology, All Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B K Das
- Department of Microbiology, All Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - P Ray
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - V Gautam
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Sistla
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - S C Parija
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - K Walia
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, n Council for Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - V C Ohri
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, n Council for Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - S Anandan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Veeraraghavan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Torumkuney D, Chaiwarith R, Reechaipichitkul W, Malatham K, Chareonphaibul V, Rodrigues C, Chitins DS, Dias M, Anandan S, Kanakapura S, Park YJ, Lee K, Lee H, Kim JY, Lee Y, Lee HK, Kim JH, Tan TY, Heng YX, Mukherjee P, Morrissey I. Results from the Survey of Antibiotic Resistance (SOAR) 2012-14 in Thailand, India, South Korea and Singapore. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71 Suppl 1:i3-19. [PMID: 27048580 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide susceptibility data for community-acquired respiratory tract isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis collected in 2012-14 from four Asian countries. METHODS MICs were determined using Etest(®) for all antibiotics except erythromycin, which was evaluated by disc diffusion. Susceptibility was assessed using CLSI, EUCAST and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints. For macrolide/clindamycin interpretation, breakpoints were adjusted for incubation in CO2 where available. RESULTS Susceptibility of S. pneumoniae was generally lower in South Korea than in other countries. Penicillin susceptibility assessed using CLSI oral or EUCAST breakpoints ranged from 21.2% in South Korea to 63.8% in Singapore. In contrast, susceptibility using CLSI intravenous breakpoints was much higher, at 79% in South Korea and ∼95% or higher elsewhere. Macrolide susceptibility was ∼20% in South Korea and ∼50%-60% elsewhere. Among S. pyogenes isolates (India only), erythromycin susceptibility (∼20%) was lowest of the antibiotics tested. In H. influenzae antibiotic susceptibility was high except for ampicillin, where susceptibility ranged from 16.7% in South Korea to 91.1% in India. South Korea also had a high percentage (18.1%) of β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant isolates. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid susceptibility for each pathogen (PK/PD high dose) was between 93% and 100% in all countries except for H. influenzae in South Korea (62.5%). CONCLUSIONS Use of EUCAST versus CLSI breakpoints had profound differences for cefaclor, cefuroxime and ofloxacin, with EUCAST showing lower susceptibility. There was considerable variability in susceptibility among countries in the same region. Thus, continued surveillance is necessary to track future changes in antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Torumkuney
- GlaxoSmithKline, 980 Great West Road, Brentford, Middlesex TW8 9GS, UK
| | - R Chaiwarith
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, 110 Intavaroros Road, Tambon Sribhoom, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - W Reechaipichitkul
- Khon Kaen University Faculty of Medicine, Srinagarind Hospital, 123 Mittraphap Highway, Tambol Naimuang, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - K Malatham
- Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, 270 Rama VI. Road, oong Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - V Chareonphaibul
- GlaxoSmithKline Thailand, 12th Floor, Wave Place, 55 Wireless Road, Lumpini, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - C Rodrigues
- Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Department of Microbiology, Veer Savarkar Marg, Mahim, Mumbai 400 016, India
| | - D S Chitins
- Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Department of Microbiology, Manik Bagh Road, Indore 452 014 (M/P), India
| | - M Dias
- St John's Medical College Hospital, Department of Microbiology, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore 560 034, India
| | - S Anandan
- Christian Medical College, Department of Microbiology, Vellore 632 004, India
| | - S Kanakapura
- GlaxoSmithKline India, No. 5 Embassy Links, Cunningham (SRT) Road, Bangalore 560 052, India
| | - Y J Park
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Lee
- Hanyang University Medical Center, 222-1, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H K Lee
- The Catholic University of Korea, Uijongbu St Mary's Hospital, 271, Cheonbo-ro, Ukjeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- GlaxoSmithKline Korea, LS Yongsan Tower, 9th Floor, Hangang 191, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - T Y Tan
- Changi General Hospital Pte Ltd (Reg. No. 198904226R), 2 Simei Street 3, Singapore 529889
| | - Y X Heng
- Changi General Hospital Pte Ltd (Reg. No. 198904226R), 2 Simei Street 3, Singapore 529889
| | - P Mukherjee
- GlaxoSmithKline Singapore, (Reg. No. 198102938K), 150 Beach Road, No. 22-00 Gateway West, Singapore 189720
| | - I Morrissey
- IHMA Europe Sàrl, 9A Route de la Corniche, Epalinges 1066, Switzerland
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Muthuirulandi Sethuvel DP, Devanga Ragupathi NK, Anandan S, Veeraraghavan B. Update on: Shigella new serogroups/serotypes and their antimicrobial resistance. Lett Appl Microbiol 2016; 64:8-18. [PMID: 27783408 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Shigellosis represents a major burden of disease in developing countries. A low infectious dose allows the disease to be spread effectively. Although shigellosis is mostly a self-limiting disease, antibiotics are recommended to reduce deaths, disease symptoms and organism-shedding time. However, in India, antimicrobial resistance among the genus Shigella is more common than among any other enteric bacteria. Notably, new serotypes or subserotypes in Shigella are reported from various parts of the world. Identification of new subserotypes of Shigella spp. is becoming a major issue as these strains are nontypeable by conventional serotyping. The commercially available antisera may not cover all possible epitopes of the O lipopolysaccharide antigen of Shigella serotypes. Therefore, molecular methods which most closely approach the resolution of full serotyping are necessary to identify such strains. In addition, the knowledge of a prevalent serotype in various geographic regions may assist in formulating strategies such as the development of a vaccine to prevent infection especially when the immunity to disease is serotype specific, and to understand the disease burden caused by new Shigella serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S Anandan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - B Veeraraghavan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
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Gopi T, Ranjith J, Anandan S, Balaji V. Epidemiological characterisation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from India using multilocus sequence typing. Indian J Med Microbiol 2016; 34:17-21. [PMID: 26776113 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.174113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to utilize the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) technique to characterise Streptococcus pneumoniae among clinical isolates in India. MLST was used to determine clonality, to establish genetic relatedness, to check for correlation between serotypes and sequence types (STs) and its relevance associated with antibiotic resistance. METHODS Forty consecutive invasive S. pneumoniae isolates in children<5 years were characterised. Preliminary identification of serotype and antibiotic susceptible profile was followed with MLST technique to identify the STs of the isolates. STs were then analysed for clonality using an eBURST algorithm and genetic relatedness using Sequence Type Analysis and Recombinational Tests version 2 software. RESULTS The most common ST was ST63. Among the forty isolates, we identified nine novel STs, six of which had known alleles but in new combinations, three of which had new alleles in their sequence profile. The new STs assigned were 8501-8509. One clonal complex was found among the 40 strains characterised. The most common serotypes in this study were serotype 19F, 14 and 5. Non-susceptibility to penicillin and erythromycin was observed in 2.5% and 30% of the isolates, respectively. CONCLUSION This study shows a significant number of novel STs among the 40 isolates characterised (9/40, 22.5%), however, internationally recognised strains were also circulating in India, indicating, there could be greater geographical variation in pneumococcal STs in India. Molecular epidemiology data is essential to understand the population dynamics of S. pneumoniae in India before the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines in NIP in India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - V Balaji
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore - 632 004, Tamil Nadu, India
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Torumkuney D, Chaiwarith R, Reechaipichitkul W, Malatham K, Chareonphaibul V, Rodrigues C, Chitkins DS, Dias M, Anandan S, Kanakapura S, Park YJ, Lee K, Lee H, Kim JY, Lee Y, Lee HK, Kim JH, Tan TY, Heng YX, Mukherjee P, Morrissey I. Results from the Survey of Antibiotic Resistance (SOAR) 2012-14 in Thailand, India, South Korea and Singapore. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:3628. [PMID: 27559118 PMCID: PMC7297303 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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36
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Kumar D, muthuirulandi sethuvel D, Anandan S, Veeraraghavan B. Demonstration of horizontal gene transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance by plasmids in clinical isolates of shigella spp. and salmonella spp. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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37
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Muthuirulandi Sethuvel D, Anandan S, Kumar D, Veeraraghavan B. Molecular serogrouping of serologically atypical shigella isolates from South India. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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38
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Shankar C, Anandan S, Babu P, Munusamy E, Veeraraghavan B. Correlation of carbapenem resistance and hypermucoviscosity in K.pneumoniae isolated from blood culture at a tertiary hospital in South India. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Khan A, Sai M, Rao B, Ravi D, Prasad K, Anandan S, Reddy YR, Blummel M. Effect of Varying the Crop Residue, Cultivar and Physical form on Intake and Nutrient Utilization in Deccani Sheep Fed Complete Diets. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2016. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2016.00018.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jeremiah SS, Balaji V, Anandan S, Sahni RD. A possible alternative to the error prone modified Hodge test to correctly identify the carbapenemase producing Gram-negative bacteria. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 32:414-8. [PMID: 25297027 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.142258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The modified Hodge test (MHT) is widely used as a screening test for the detection of carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacteria. This test has several pitfalls in terms of validity and interpretation. Also the test has a very low sensitivity in detecting the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM). Considering the degree of dissemination of the NDM and the growing pandemic of carbapenem resistance, a more accurate alternative test is needed at the earliest. AIMS The study intends to compare the performance of the MHT with the commercially available Neo-Sensitabs - Carbapenemases/Metallo-β-Lactamase (MBL) Confirmative Identification pack to find out whether the latter could be an efficient alternative to the former. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A total of 105 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to imipenem and meropenem, collected prospectively over a period of 2 years were included in the study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study isolates were tested with the MHT, the Neo-Sensitabs - Carbapenemases/MBL Confirmative Identification pack and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting the blaNDM-1 gene. RESULTS Among the 105 isolates, the MHT identified 100 isolates as carbapenemase producers. In the five isolates negative for the MHT, four were found to produce MBLs by the Neo-Sensitabs. The Neo-Sensitabs did not have any false negatives when compared against the PCR. CONCLUSIONS The MHT can give false negative results, which lead to failure in detecting the carbapenemase producers. Also considering the other pitfalls of the MHT, the Neo-Sensitabs--Carbapenemases/MBL Confirmative Identification pack could be a more efficient alternative for detection of carbapenemase production in Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V Balaji
- Department of Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Selvamani T, Manjula CA, Anandan S, Asiri AM, Ashokkumar M. Preparation of CuO mesocrystals via antlerite intermediate for photocatalytic applications. Crystal Research and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201400145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Selvamani
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Lab; Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology; Tiruchirappalli-620 015 India
| | - C. A. Manjula
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Lab; Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology; Tiruchirappalli-620 015 India
| | - S. Anandan
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Lab; Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology; Tiruchirappalli-620 015 India
| | - A. M. Asiri
- The Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR); King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah 21413, P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muthupandian Ashokkumar
- The Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR); King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah 21413, P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
- School of Chemistry; University of Melbourne; Vic 3010 Australia
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Dinesh GK, Anandan S, Sivasankar T. Sonophotocatalytic treatment of Bismarck Brown G dye and real textile effluent using synthesized novel Fe(0)-doped TiO2 catalyst. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07685k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a novel Fe(0)-TiO2-doped catalyst, the degradation of Bismarck Brown G dye was compared by means of advanced oxidation processes, such as sonolysis, photolysis (UV light) and sonophotolysis. The sonophotolysis methodology was also adopted for real textile effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Kumaravel Dinesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli – 620 015
- India
| | - S. Anandan
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli – 620 015
- India
| | - T. Sivasankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli – 620 015
- India
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Narayanaswamy A, Anandan S, Johnson A, Cherian K. ECG changes after heart transplantation – Single center experience of a decade. Indian Heart J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2014.10.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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44
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Mahalakshmi V, Krishnakanth M, Adikrishnan S, Adithya GR, Murugan S, Anandan S, Sudha R. Toxic epidermal necrolysis in lenalidomide treated patient with HIV. BMC Infect Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC4080191 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-s3-o28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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45
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Gayathri R, Bubna AK, Krishnakanth M, Adikrishnan S, Murugan S, Mahalakshmi V, Anandan S, Sudha R. A case of lichenoid photosensitive eczema in a HIV seropositive patient. BMC Infect Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC4080458 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-s3-p54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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46
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Anandan S, Rao TN, Gopalan R, Ikuma Y. Fabrication of visible-light-driven N-doped ordered mesoporous TiO2 photocatalysts and their photocatalytic applications. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2014; 14:3181-3186. [PMID: 24734752 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a facile method for the synthesis of N-doped crystalline mesoporous titanium dioxide (NMT) with ordered structure. Structural characterization and HR-TEM studies revealed that NMT exhibits pure anatase phase with highly crystalline ordered mesoporous structure in NMT. The N2 isotherms are of type IV with an H1 hysteresis loop and a pronounced capillary condensation step at high relative pressure for NMT, suggesting the presence of well-ordered mesoporous structure. The reflectance spectrum of NMT shows stronger absorption in the visible region above 400 nm, owing to the substitution of the lattice oxygen by nitrogen. XPS results proved the doping of nitrogen in to oxygen in TiO2 lattice, which confirmed by the presence of peak at 401 eV for N1s. The efficiency of photocatalyst was evaluated by the degradation of Rhodamine-B and antibacterial activity against E. coli under visible-light irradiation. N-doped mesoporous TiO2 shows superior photocatalytic and anti-bacterial activity compared to pure TiO2 under visible-light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of NMT is attributed to synergistic effect of NMT that is N-doping and well ordered crystalline mesoporous structure with high surface area of NMT. These findings suggest that N-doped mesoporous TiO2 has potential application in many areas such as degradation of hazardous pollutants, anti-bacterial agents, fuel cells, battery electrode, sensors, opto electronic devices, photo active self-cleaning surfaces.
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Sahana MB, Vasu S, Sasikala N, Anandan S, Sepehri-Amin H, Sudakar C, Gopalan R. Raman spectral signature of Mn-rich nanoscale phase segregations in carbon free LiFe1−xMnxPO4 prepared by hydrothermal technique. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11102h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mn-rich nanoscale secondary phases were identified in LiFe1−xMnxPO4, despite of known complete solubility for the LiFePO4–LiMnPO4 system and observed linear increase in the lattice parameters of LiFe1−xMnxPO4 with increasing Mn concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. B. Sahana
- Centre for Automotive Energy Materials
- International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials
- IITM Research Park
- Chennai-600113, India
| | - S. Vasu
- Centre for Automotive Energy Materials
- International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials
- IITM Research Park
- Chennai-600113, India
| | - N. Sasikala
- Centre for Automotive Energy Materials
- International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials
- IITM Research Park
- Chennai-600113, India
| | - S. Anandan
- Centre for Automotive Energy Materials
- International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials
- IITM Research Park
- Chennai-600113, India
| | | | - C. Sudakar
- Multifunctional Materials Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600036, India
| | - R. Gopalan
- Centre for Automotive Energy Materials
- International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials
- IITM Research Park
- Chennai-600113, India
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48
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Pugazhenthiran N, Murugesan S, Anandan S. High surface area Ag-TiO2 nanotubes for solar/visible-light photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium. J Hazard Mater 2013; 263 Pt 2:541-9. [PMID: 24231325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2 NTs) with very high surface area (469 m(2)/g) have been synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method and their surface has been modified using silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The Ag NPs deposited TiO2 NTs (Ag-TiO2 NTs) show an extended optical response from UV to visible region coupled with a surface plasmon resonance band and thus can be utilized as a plasmonic photocatalyst. The photoluminescence intensity of TiO2 NTs is lower than that of TiO2 nanoparticles due to the delocalization of photogenerated electrons along the one dimensional nanotubes which reduces the rate of charge recombination. The Langmuir adsorption constant of Ag-TiO2 NTs (for ceftiofur sodium adsorption) is twice that of P25 TiO2. The Ag-TiO2 NTs exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of ceftiofur sodium (CFS) due to high surface area and mesoporosity of TiO2 NTs. The addition of peroxomonosulfate in the photocatalytic system greatly amplifies the CFS degradation owing to the simultaneous generation of both OH and SO4(-). The catalyst retains its photocatalytic activity at least up to four consecutive cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pugazhenthiran
- School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
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Paramasivaganesh K, Srinivasan K, Manivel A, Anandan S, Sivakumar K, Radhakrishnan S, Stalin T. Studies on inclusion complexation between 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl and β-cyclodextrin by experimental and theoretical approach. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Palanisamy B, Babu CM, Sundaravel B, Anandan S, Murugesan V. Sol-gel synthesis of mesoporous mixed Fe2O3/TiO2 photocatalyst: application for degradation of 4-chlorophenol. J Hazard Mater 2013; 252-253:233-42. [PMID: 23535564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitization of TiO2 with other transition metal oxides can extend its light absorption property in the visible region. Such materials could emerge as excellent catalysts for solar photocatalytic degradation. In the present study mesoporous Fe2O3/TiO2 (10, 30, 50, 70 and 90 wt% Fe2O3) photocatalysts were synthesized by sol-gel process and characterized using different techniques. The XRD patterns exhibited the presence of mesoporous structure and isomorphic substitution of Fe(3+) in TiO2 at low Fe(3+) loading and Ti(4+) in Fe2O3 at high Fe(3+) loading. The XPS results revealed the presence of Ti(4+) and Fe(3+) in Fe2O3/TiO2 materials. The DRS UV-vis spectra showed a shift in the band gap excitation of TiO2 to longer wavelength, thus illustrating incorporation of Fe(3+) in TiO2. In addition, free TiO2 and Fe2O3 particles were also present. Their photocatalytic activity was tested for the degradation of 4-chlorophenol in aqueous medium using sunlight. The activity of the catalysts followed the order: meso-30 wt% Fe2O3/TiO2>meso-10 wt% Fe2O3/TiO2>meso-50 wt% Fe2O3/TiO2>meso-70 Fe2O3/TiO2>meso-90 wt% Fe2O3/TiO2>meso-Fe2O3>meso-TiO2. This order concluded that mesoporous Fe2O3/TiO2 could be an active catalyst for pollutant degradation, as TiO2 with framework Fe(3+) and photosensitization with free Fe2O3 were involved in the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Palanisamy
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India
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