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Yun SY, Suh CH, Byun JH, Jo SY, Chung SJ, Lim JS, Lee JH, Kim MJ, Kim HS, Kim SJ. Efficacy and safety of shunt surgery in patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus: can we predict shunt response by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)? Clin Radiol 2024:S0009-9260(24)00142-9. [PMID: 38622045 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to identify preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings that can predict the shunt responsiveness in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients and to investigate postoperative outcome and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 192 patients with iNPH who underwent shunt at our hospital between 2000 and 2021 were included to investigate complications. Of these, after exclusion, 127 (1-month postoperative follow-up) and 77 (1-year postoperative follow-up) patients were evaluated. The preoperative MRI features (the presence of tightness of the high-convexity subarachnoid space, Sylvian fissure enlargement, Evans' index, and callosal angle) of the shunt-response and nonresponse groups were compared, and a systematic review was conducted to evaluate whether preoperative MRI findings could predict shunt response. RESULTS Postoperative complications within one month after surgery were observed in 6.8% (13/192), and the most common complication was hemorrhage. Changes in corpus callosum were observed in 4.2% (8/192). The shunt-response rates were 83.5% (106/127) in the 1-month follow-up group and 70.1% (54/77) in 1-year follow-up group. In the logistic regression analysis, only Evans' index measuring >0.4 had a significant negative relationship with shunt response at 1-month follow-up; however, no significant relationship was observed at 1-year follow-up. According to our systematic review, it is still controversial whether preoperative MRI findings could predict shunt response. CONCLUSION Evans' index measure of >0.4 had a significant relationship with the shunt response in the 1-month follow-up group. In systematic reviews, there is ongoing debate about whether preoperative MRI findings can accurately predict responses to shunt surgery. Postoperative corpus callosal change was observed in 4.2% of iNPH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Yun
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - J H Byun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Jo
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-S Lim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim SJ, Jo Y, Park SJ, Ji E, Lee JY, Choi E, Baek JY, Jang IY, Jung HW, Kim K, Ryu D, Yoo HJ, Kim BJ. Metabolomic profiles of ovariectomized mice and their associations with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x. [PMID: 38493245 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause, a dramatical estrogen-deficient condition, is considered the most significant milestone in women's health. PURPOSE To investigate the metabolite changes attributed to estrogen deficiency using random forest (RF)-based machine learning (ML) modeling strategy in ovariectomized (OVX) mice as well as determine the clinical relevance of selected metabolites in older women. METHODS AND RESULTS Untargeted and targeted metabolomic analyses revealed that metabolites related to TCA cycle, sphingolipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, and amino acids, were significantly changed in the plasma and/or muscle of OVX mice. Subsequent ML classifiers based on RF algorithm selected alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), arginine, carnosine, ceramide C24, phosphatidylcholine (PC) aa C36:6, and PC ae C42:3 in plasma as well as PC aa 34:1, PC aa C34:3, PC aa C36:5, PC aa C32:1, PC aa C36:2, and sphingosine in muscle as top featured metabolites that differentiate the OVX mice from the sham-operated group. When circulating levels of AKG, arginine, and carnosine, which showed the most significant changes in OVX mice blood, were measured in postmenopausal women, higher plasma AKG levels were associated with lower bone mass, weak grip strength, poor physical performance, and increased frailty risk. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics- and ML-based methods identified the key metabolites of blood and muscle that were significantly changed after ovariectomy in mice, and the clinical implication of several metabolites was investigated by looking at their correlation with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. These findings provide crucial context for understanding the diverse physiological alterations caused by estrogen deficiency in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Y Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - S J Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Ji
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J-Y Baek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - I Y Jang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - H-W Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - K Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - D Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
| | - H J Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - B-J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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Kim SJ, Park BY. Changes in smoking patterns and characteristics of Koreans using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2021 data. Public Health 2024; 227:259-266. [PMID: 38301303 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored factors related to Korean adults' smoking patterns and also the reasons for using new types of tobacco products. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2021 were used. The prevalence of the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or heated tobacco products (HTPs) alone or in combination with conventional cigarettes (CC) and the reasons for using new tobacco products are presented. Factors associated with using new types of tobacco products alone or in combination with CC compared to exclusive CC users were identified using multinomial logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of current smoking was 25.54% in 2013 and 23.05% in 2021, with no significant change. The prevalence of CC decreased from 23.39% in 2013 to 15.77% in 2021. The prevalence of new tobacco use in combination with CC did not show a definite trend. The prevalence of exclusive use of new tobacco was <1% until 2018 and has rapidly increased thereafter. Of the HTPs users, 46.68% responded with 'no cigarette smell' as the main reason for HTPs use, followed by 'It seems less harmful than cigarette' (19.19%), and 'It seems to be helpful for quitting smoking' (15.04%). Of the e-cigarette users, 45.19% responded 'It seems to be helpful for quitting smoking' as the main reason for e-cigarette use, followed by 'It is less harmful than cigarettes' (19.98%). Compared to CC users, new tobacco users were younger, had a higher household income or education, and used more nutritional supplements. CONCLUSION Regulations for newer tobacco products are more lenient than for traditional cigarettes, leading to misunderstandings, especially among women and young people. To increase awareness of the risks of these products, specific policies such as disclosure of ingredients, ban on online sales, and increase in consumption tax, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B Y Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee DH, Heo H, Suh CH, Shim WH, Kim E, Jo S, Chung SJ, Lee CS, Kim HS, Kim SJ. Improved diagnostic performance of susceptibility-weighted imaging with compressed sensing-sensitivity encoding and neuromelanin-sensitive MRI for Parkinson's disease and atypical Parkinsonism. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e102-e111. [PMID: 37863747 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To verify the diagnostic performance of the loss of nigrosome-1 on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) with compressed sensing-sensitivity encoding (CS-SENSE) and neuromelanin on neuromelanin-sensitive (NM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical Parkinsonism. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 195 patients who underwent MRI between October 2019 and February 2020, including SWI, with or without CS-SENSE, and NM-MRI, were reviewed retrospectively. Two neuroradiologists assessed the loss of nigrosome-1 on SWI and neuromelanin on the NM-MRI. The result of N-3-fluoropropyl-2-beta-carbomethoxy-3-beta-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane positron-emission tomography (PET) was set as the reference standard. RESULTS When CS-SENSE was applied for nigrosome-1 imaging on SWI, the non-diagnostic scan rate was lowered significantly from 19.3% (17/88) to 5.6% (6/107; p=0.004). Diagnosis of PD and atypical Parkinsonism based on the loss of nigrosome-1 on SWI and based on NM-MRI showed good diagnostic value (area under the curve [AUC] 0.821, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.755-0.875: AUC 0.832, 95% CI = 0.771-0.882, respectively) with a substantial inter-reader agreement (κ = 0.791 and 0.681, respectively). Combined SWI and neuromelanin had a similar discriminatory ability (AUC 0.830, 95% CI = 0.770-0.880). Similarly, the diagnosis of PD was excellent. CONCLUSIONS CS-SENSE may add value to the diagnostic capability of nigrosome-1 on SWI to reduce the nondiagnostic scan rates. Furthermore, loss of nigrosome-1 on SWI or volume loss of neuromelanin on NM-MRI may be helpful for diagnosing PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - H Heo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - W H Shim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E Kim
- Philips Healthcare Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Jo
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Chung
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C S Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim H, Kim SJ, Hwang S. Visual display terminal syndrome and its associated factors among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Work 2024; 77:23-36. [PMID: 37483045 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ever since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, students have been spending an increasingly longer time staring at electrical devices to take online courses. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of the virtual class environment on eye and musculoskeletal problems in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 365 university students were enrolled in this study. They completed an online survey to examine the effects of online learning on eye and musculoskeletal health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaires consisted of four sections: demographic and general information, environmental and work factors, device-related factors, and visual display terminal syndrome (VDTS). RESULTS Participants have been taking online classes of 14.5 hours per week during the COVID-19 pandemic. They reported the mean daily usage of digital devices of 4.8±2.2 hours before the pandemic but this increased to 8.1±2.9 during the pandemic. Eye fatigue and neck, shoulder, and back pain have also been reported. The mean VDTS score was significantly influenced by gender, obesity, daily exercise, regular breaks, wear of blue light-blocking glasses, daily hours of electronic device use, and illumination of room. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that university students taking online classes suffered more from VDTS, especially in eye fatigue and neck, lower back, and shoulder pain during COVID-19 pandemic than prior. This study suggests that it is necessary to take breaks in online classes and regularly provide appropriate eye exercise and physical activity to prevent VDTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojin Kim
- Department of Optometry, Division of Health Science, Baekseok University, Cheonan City, South Korea
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Baekseok University, Cheonan City, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Department of Optometry, Division of Health Science, Baekseok University, Cheonan City, South Korea
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Baekseok University, Cheonan City, South Korea
| | - Sujin Hwang
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Baekseok University, Cheonan City, South Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, Division of Health Science, Baekseok University, Cheonan City, South Korea
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Karamooz E, Peterson J, Tammen A, Soma S, Kim SJ, Lewinsohn D. Calcium Signaling in MR1-Dependent Antigen Presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3154465. [PMID: 37693580 PMCID: PMC10491339 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3154465/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
MR1 is a ubiquitously expressed MHC-Ib molecule that presents microbial metabolites to MR1-restricted T cells, but there are differences in the antigen presentation pathway of an intracellular microbe compared to exogenous antigen. We have shown the importance of endosomal trafficking proteins in MR1-dependent presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Two pore channels (TPCs) are endosomal calcium channels that regulate endosomal trafficking. Due to their location on endosomes, we hypothesized that TPCs could be required for MR1-dependent presentation of antigens derived from the intracellular microbe Mtb. We found that TPCs are critical for the presentation of Mtb by MR1; inhibition of TPCs had no effect on MR1 presentation of extracellular (exogenous) antigens, HLA-B presentation, or HLA-II presentation. Finally, we found that the calcium sensitive trafficking protein Synaptotagmin 7 was also key in the presentation of Mtb by MR1. This calcium-dependent endosomal pathway is a novel mechanism by which the immune system can sample intracellular antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - David Lewinsohn
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Rojas-Quintero J, Laucho-Contreras ME, Wang X, Fucci QA, Burkett PR, Kim SJ, Zhang D, Tesfaigzi Y, Li Y, Bhashyam AR, Li Z, Khamas H, Celli B, Pilon AL, Polverino F, Owen CA. CC16 augmentation reduces exaggerated COPD-like disease in Cc16-deficient mice. JCI Insight 2023; 8:130771. [PMID: 36787195 PMCID: PMC10070105 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Low Club Cell 16 kDa protein (CC16) plasma levels are linked to accelerated lung function decline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cigarette smoke-exposed (CS-exposed) Cc16-/- mice have exaggerated COPD-like disease associated with increased NF-κB activation in their lungs. It is unclear whether CC16 augmentation can reverse exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice and whether increased NF-κB activation contributes to the exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs. CS-exposed WT and Cc16-/- mice were treated with recombinant human CC16 (rhCC16) or an NF-κB inhibitor versus vehicle beginning at the midpoint of the exposures. COPD-like disease and NF-κB activation were measured in the lungs. RhCC16 limited the progression of emphysema, small airway fibrosis, and chronic bronchitis-like disease in WT and Cc16-/- mice partly by reducing pulmonary inflammation (reducing myeloid leukocytes and/or increasing regulatory T and/or B cells) and alveolar septal cell apoptosis, reducing NF-κB activation in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs, and rescuing the reduced Foxj1 expression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs. IMD0354 treatment reduced exaggerated lung inflammation and rescued the reduced Foxj1 expression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice. RhCC16 treatment reduced NF-κB activation in luciferase reporter A549 cells. Thus, rhCC16 treatment limits COPD progression in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice partly by inhibiting NF-κB activation and represents a potentially novel therapeutic approach for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Eugenia Laucho-Contreras
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics program, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Quynh-Anh Fucci
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick R Burkett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duo Zhang
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics program, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuhong Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abhiram R Bhashyam
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhang Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Haider Khamas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bartolome Celli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Francesca Polverino
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caroline A Owen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Kim SJ, Lee DW. A retrospective analysis of nonresponse to denosumab after hip fractures. Acta Orthop Belg 2023; 89:71-76. [PMID: 37294988 DOI: 10.52628/89.1.9808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Denosumab is an effective antiresorptive drug commonly prescribed for the treatment of osteoporosis. However, some patients do not respond well to denosumab treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors underlying treatment nonresponses to denosumab in elderly patients following hip fracture. This retrospective study included 130 patients treated with denosumab after osteoporotic hip fracture between March 2017 and March 2020. The patients were categorized as denosumab nonresponders if they had a T-score <-3 that persisted between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, a >3% decrease in bone mineral density (BMD), or an incident fracture on denosumab therapy. We examined the baseline characteristics associated with blunted BMD responses and compared the groups following denosumab treatment for 12 months. Of 130 patients with baseline data, 105 patients (80.8%) were considered responders. No difference in baseline vitamin D, calcium, BMI, age, gender, prior fracture history, or bisphosphonate use was observed between responders and nonresponders. A longer interval between denosumab injections was associated with suboptimal BMD response at both spine and total hip (p<0.001 and p=0.04, respectively). The overall L-BMD and H-BMD were significantly increased compared with pretreatment levels after denosumab treatment (5.7% and 2.5%, respectively). This study revealed that nonresponse was not strongly associated with certain baseline variables and it appears that the reponders and nonresponders were reasonably comparable in this study population. The results of our study highlight the importance of timely denosumab administration when using this drug for osteoporosis management. Physicians should keep these results in mind in clinical practice so that they can improve utilization of 6-month denosumab.
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Lee S, Kim S, Kim S. A novel paper-based lysis strip for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection at low resource settings. Anal Biochem 2023; 664:115037. [PMID: 36623679 PMCID: PMC9817428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Infectious respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 are serious and global concerns from the past to the present. To isolate the spread of infectious diseases even in the absence of a health system, a simple, inexpensive, reliable, sensitive, and selective molecular diagnosis platform for Point of Care Test (POCT) is required. Especially, the nucleic acid extraction step is difficult to perform out of laboratory. Here, we propose a paper-based lysis (PBL) strip for nucleic acid extraction, especially in low-resource settings (LRS). PBL strips are suitable for isolating RNA from viruses with biological interference and inhibitors. We optimized the buffer compositions and membranes of the strip. A simple preparation method using a PBL strip could obtain an eluent for downstream inspection within 20 min. Overall, 104 copies/swaps were detected for 20 min for amplification in combination with Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Amplification (RT-LAMP).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sanghyo Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SJ, Karamooz E. MR1- and HLA-E-Dependent Antigen Presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214412. [PMID: 36430890 PMCID: PMC9693577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MR1 and HLA-E are highly conserved nonclassical antigen-presenting molecules. They can present antigens derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis to a distinct subset of MR1-restricted or HLA-restricted CD8+ T cells. MR1 presents small microbial metabolites, and HLA-E presents peptides and glycopeptides. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of MR1 and HLA-E antigen presentation in the context of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jin Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Elham Karamooz
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence:
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Lee SJ, Kim D, Suh CH, Shim WH, Heo H, Jo S, Chung SJ, Kim HS, Kim SJ. Detection rate of MR myelography without intrathecal gadolinium in patients with newly diagnosed spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:848-854. [PMID: 35985843 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the detection rate of magnetic resonance (MR) myelography without intrathecal gadolinium for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage in patients with newly diagnosed spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) and to validate a published scoring system for predicting CSF leakage. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective, observational, single-institution study included patients with newly diagnosed SIH between March 2015 and April 2021. Patients were included if they (a) had newly diagnosed SIH and (b) underwent initial brain MR imaging and preprocedural MR myelography with two- and three-dimensional turbo spin-echo sequences. Patients who underwent spine surgery or procedures including epidural injection and acupuncture were excluded. The detection rate was defined as the proportion of patients with a true-positive MR myelography result among all patients with confirmed CSF leakage. The interobserver agreement for the MR myelography results between two radiologists was analysed using weighted kappa statistics. RESULTS A total of 136 patients (mean age, 48 years; 70 women) with suspected SIH were included. Of these patients, 120 (88%, 120/136) were confirmed to have CSF leakage. Of the patients with confirmed CSF leakage, 90 (75%, 90/120) had epidural fluid collection. The detection rate of MR myelography for CSF leakage was 88% (105/120). The interobserver agreement between the two readers for detecting CSF leakage (κ = 0.76) or epidural fluid collection (κ = 0.76) on MR myelography was high. Among 24 patients with normal brain MR imaging results, 16 had CSF leakage (67%, 16/24). CONCLUSIONS Non-invasive MR myelography without intrathecal gadolinium should be considered to detect CSF leakage in patients with suspected SIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D Kim
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - W H Shim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Heo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Jo
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Seo SM, Kim SJ, Kwon O, Brilakis ES, Yoon YH, Lee KS, Kim TO, Lee PH, Kang SJ, Kim YH, Lee CW, Park SW, Lee SW. Intravascular ultrasound-guided optimization for chronic total occlusion-percutaneous coronary intervention with multiple drug-eluting stents. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Multiple stenting in the chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions is frequently required, however associated with poorer clinical outcomes. It is demonstrated that intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided CTO-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is related to a lower risk of adverse clinical events.
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of stent optimization under IVUS guidance for multiple stenting, comparing with single stenting.
Methods
A total of 916 patients receiving drug-eluting stent (DES) under IVUS guidance were classified into two groups (stent optimization and non-optimization) according to optimization criteria (an absolute expansion criteria; minimal stent area ≥4.9 mm2 and a relative expansion criteria; 80% of mean reference lumen area). Of total population, 314 patients (34.3%) were treated with single stent and 575 patients (62.7%) were treated with multiple stents, respectively. Ischemic-driven target-lesion revascularization (TLR)/reocclusion was evaluated.
Results
Under IVUS guidance, 316 patients (34.5%) met IVUS criteria for stent optimization The achieving rates were 53% in the single stent group and 24% in the multiple stents group, respectively, (p<0.001). During a median of 4.7 years, the multiple stent group showed a significantly higher TLR/reocclusion rate, compared with the single stent group (12.8% vs. 5.2%, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–5.25, p=0.01). (Figure 1) Meeting both the absolute and relative expansion criteria was associated with a significantly low rate of TLR/reocclusion rate (12.5% vs. 5.2%, adjusted HR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15–0.79, p=0.01). Under IVUS-guidance, there was no significant difference between multiple stenting and single stenting in case of achieving the optimization criteria (6.5% vs. 4.2%, p=0.11), whereas non-optimization group in the patients with multiple stenting showed a significantly higher rate of TLR/reocclusion, compared with IVUS-optimization group in the patients with single stenting (14.5% vs. 4.2%, p=0.002). (Figure 2)
Conclusions
In CTO-PCI with DES, multiple stenting significantly increased the risk of TLR/reocclusion. IVUS-guided optimization for multiple stenting showed a comparable long-term risk of TLR/reocclusion to single stenting with IVUS optimization. Hence, achieving IVUS expansion criteria may help to reduce the risk of TLR/reocclusion in CTO-PCI with multiple DES overlapping.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Seo
- Eunpyeoung St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Kim
- Eunpyeoung St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - O Kwon
- Eunpyeoung St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - E S Brilakis
- Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation , Minneapolis , United States of America
| | - Y H Yoon
- Sejong Chungnam National University Hospital , Sejong , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K S Lee
- Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital , Daejeon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T O Kim
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - P H Lee
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Kang
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y H Kim
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Lee
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Park
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Lee
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
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Namgoong H, Kim SJ, Choi SW. Functional analysis of novel SCN5A mutations related to Brugada syndrome. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an arrhythmogenic disorder that has been linked to mutations in SCN5A, the gene encoding for the pore-forming α-subunit of the cardiac Na+ channel. Recently, novel SCN5A missense mutations (A385T and R504T) were identified in a BrS patient. Since the mutations are in the loop connecting transmembrane segments 5 and 6 in domain 1 (S5-S6 in DI) and segments 6 and 1 between domain 1 and 2 (DI-DII linker), it can lead to dysfunctional property of the Na+ channel. Here we aimed to characterize the electrophysiological properties of A385T and R504T. The wild-type (WT) and mutant SCN5A were transiently transfected in HEK293 cells, and the Na+ channel was analyzed using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. WT, A385T, R504T, and double mutant (A385T/R504T) showed no significant differences in the current density and the voltage-dependent activation. Unexpectedly, a rightward shift of the voltage-dependent inactivation was identified in the three groups of mutation. Besides, the recovery from inactivation of double mutant was faster than that of WT. These results suggest that, contrary to the expected mechanism of BrS, the mutations cause a gain-of-function of NaV1.5. However, the current densities of R504T and double mutant transfected with β-subunit SCN1B were significantly suppressed but A385T was not different from WT. The voltage dependent activation and inactivation of all mutants were not significantly different from WT. The recovery from inactivation of all mutants were slower than that of WT. These results suggest that R504T mutation of α-subunit SCN5A interacting with β-subunit SCN1B is responsible to pathophysiological function of novel BrS.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Namgoong
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Choi
- Dongguk university College of medicine , Gyeongju , Korea (Republic of)
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14
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Jang M, Kim S, Song J, Kim S. Rapid and simple detection of influenza virus via isothermal amplification lateral flow assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4685-4696. [PMID: 35501506 PMCID: PMC9060413 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory illness caused by influenza virus is a serious public health problem worldwide. As the symptoms of influenza virus infection are similar to those of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, it is essential to distinguish these two viruses. Therefore, to properly respond to a pathogen, a detection method that is capable of rapid and accurate diagnosis in a hospital or at home is required. To satisfy this need, we applied loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and an isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique, along with a system to analyze the results without specialized equipment, a lateral flow assay (LFA). Using the platform developed in this study, all processes, from sample preparation to detection, can be performed without special equipment. Unlike existing PCR methods, the nucleic acid amplification can be performed in the field because hot packs do not require electricity. Thus, the designed platform can provide rapid results without the need to transport the samples to a laboratory or hospital. These advantages are not limited to operations in developing countries with poor access to medical systems. In conclusion, the developed technology is a promising tool for infectious disease management that allows for rapid identification of infectious diseases and appropriate treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Jang
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - SeJin Kim
- 33, Sagimakgol-ro 62beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam, 13211, Republic of Korea
| | - Junkyu Song
- 33, Sagimakgol-ro 62beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam, 13211, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyo Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea. .,33, Sagimakgol-ro 62beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam, 13211, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Lee KH, Li H, Lee MH, Park SJ, Kim JS, Han YJ, Cho K, Ha B, Kim SJ, Jacob L, Koyanagi A, Shin JI, Kim JH, Smith L. Clinical characteristics and treatments of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children: a systematic review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3342-3350. [PMID: 35587087 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can occur in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is not easy to differentiate MIS-C from severe COVID-19 or Kawasaki disease based on symptoms. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of MIS-C. PATIENTS AND METHODS We searched PubMed/Medline for case series and reports of MIS-C published until June 20, 2020. From a total of nine articles involving 45 cases, various clinical and laboratory data were extracted. Each target case was evaluated by using different diagnostic criteria. RESULTS The average age at onset of MIS-C was 8.6 years. In 80% of cases, the age of patients ranged from 5 to 15 years. Fever (100%) and shock (82%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Sixty percent of cases met the diagnostic criteria for typical or atypical Kawasaki disease. Biomarkers indicative of inflammation, coagulopathy, or cardiac injury were characteristically elevated as follows: ferritin (mean: 1,061 ng/mL), CRP (217 mg/L), ESR (69 mm/hr), IL-6 (214.8 pg/mL), TNFα (63.4 pg/mL), D-dimer (3,220 ng/mL), PT (15.5 s), troponin I (1,006 ng/L), and BNP (12,150 pg/mL). Intravenous immunoglobulin was administered in all target cases, and inotropic agents were commonly used as well. No case of death was observed. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that MIS-C is a serious condition that presents with fever, rash, as well as cardiovascular and gastrointestinal symptoms. Although it is challenging to differentiate MIS-C from Kawasaki disease or severe COVID-19, initiation of appropriate treatments through early diagnosis is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Lee JH, Kim SJ. Characteristics and outcomes of emergency department patients with a foreign body that entered through the ear, nose or mouth: a 10-year retrospective analysis. J Laryngol Otol 2021; 135:1-7. [PMID: 34674776 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215121002747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foreign bodies in the ear, nose and throat commonly necessitate emergency department visits. METHOD This retrospective study was conducted on emergency department visits from January 2010 to December 2019 to determine characteristics and clinical prognoses of ENT patients. Patients were divided into three groups according to foreign-body entry route; patient characteristics and clinical findings were compared between groups. RESULTS Of 676 142 emergency department visits, 10 454 were because of ENT-related foreign bodies. The mean (± standard deviation) age of subjects was 24.0 (± 23.4) years, and 5176 patients were male (49.5 per cent). The most common entry route was the mouth (74.5 per cent). Most patients (97.1 per cent) were discharged after emergency treatment. Intensive care and in-hospital mortality occurred only in the mouth group. CONCLUSION Clinical findings differ depending on foreign-body entry route. After emergency treatment, most patients were discharged; some cases presented serious complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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17
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Jang M, Kim S, Song J, Kim S. Highly sensitive and rapid detection of porcine circovirus 2 by avidin-biotin complex based lateral flow assay coupled to isothermal amplification. Anal Methods 2021; 13:4429-4436. [PMID: 34486596 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01189h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new platform for the detection of porcine circovirus 2 was developed by avidin-biotin complex based lateral flow assay (LAMP-LFA). Improved detection sensitivity was attained by using loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with a low limit of detection (LOD), so the platform can be used to detect even early or asymptomatic stages of infection. LFA, which requires no specialized equipment, facilitates the use of point-of-care (POC) tests. Therefore, by applying LFA, the result can be confirmed accurately with the naked eye. Moreover, this platform has a unique structure using a single-tag detection system. The avidin-biotin interaction is the strongest interaction between proteins and has a higher Kd value than antigen-antibody interactions. Thus, the results are stable and can be clearly confirmed. The high sensitivity of LAMP-LFA enables all steps to be completed in 30 min. As a result, it could be applied to different targets, such as other pathogens. Future POC diagnostic studies are expected to be of great practical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Jang
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 461-70, Republic of Korea.
| | - SeJin Kim
- R&D Center, Philmedi Ltd, Seongnam, 461-70, Republic of Korea
| | - Junkyu Song
- R&D Center, Philmedi Ltd, Seongnam, 461-70, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyo Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 461-70, Republic of Korea.
- R&D Center, Philmedi Ltd, Seongnam, 461-70, Republic of Korea
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Kim SJ, Choi SI, Jang M, Jeong YA, Kang CH, Kim GH. Combination of Limosilactobacillus fermentum MG4231 and MG4244 attenuates lipid accumulation in high-fat diet-fed obese mice. Benef Microbes 2021; 12:479-491. [PMID: 34348593 DOI: 10.3920/bm2020.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the anti-obesity effect and the underlying mechanisms of action of human-derived Limosilactobacillus fermentum MG4231, MG4244, and their combination, in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Administration of the Limosilactobacillus strains decreased body weight gain, liver and adipose tissue weight, and glucose tolerance. Serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and leptin were reduced, while adiponectin increased. The administration of Limosilactobacillus strains improved the histopathological features of liver tissue, such as hepatic atrophy and inflammatory penetration, and significantly reduced the content of triglyceride in the liver. Limosilactobacillus administration discovered a significant reduction in the size of the adipocytes in the epididymal tissue. Limosilactobacillus treatment significantly reduced the expression of important regulators in lipid metabolism, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, fatty acid synthase (FAS), adipocyte-protein 2, and lipoprotein lipase in the epididymal tissue. Also, Limosilactobacillus lowered sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1-c and FAS in the liver tissue. Such changes in the expression of these regulators in both liver and epididymis tissue were caused by Limosilactobacillus upregulating phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Therefore, we suggest that the use of the combination of L. fermentum MG4231 and MG4244, as probiotics could effectively inhibit adipogenesis and lipogenesis from preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Health Functional Materials, Duksung Women's University, 144 gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul, 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - S-I Choi
- Department of Health Functional Materials, Duksung Women's University, 144 gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul, 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - M Jang
- Department of Food and Life Science, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-A Jeong
- R&D Center, MEDIOGEN Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-H Kang
- R&D Center, MEDIOGEN Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - G-H Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women's University, 33, Samyang-ro 144-gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul, 01369, Republic of Korea
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Rhim HC, Kim SJ, Jeon JS, Nam HW, Jang KM. 3 Epidemiology of running-related injuries in the Korean population: a cross-sectional survey of 1046 runners. Br J Sports Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsm-2021-basemabs.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AimsRunning is the oldest form of exercise in human history and the most popular exercise in the world.1 While running can improve physical fitness and reduce chronic health problems such as obesity and cardiovascular disease, it is also associated with injuries in lower extremities.2 However, because there was no consensus definition of running-related injury, the prevalence and incidence of running-related injuries had been reported to vary between 19% and 92%.3 Moreover, epidemiology of running-related injuries in Asian populations has been rarely investigated. Therefore, this study was first to use the consensus definition of running-related injuries published in 20153 and investigated the epidemiology of running-related injuries in the Korean population.MethodsIn cross-sectional design, an online survey was circulated among various running communities in Korea. The questionnaire contained information on presence and location of pain attributed to running, demographic characteristics, weekly running mileage, training intensity, running pace, type of shoes, foot strike, reason for running, and exercise experience prior to running.ResultsAmong 1046 runners (male=624, female 422) who responded, 94.7% experienced some kind of pain while running, but only 37% were categorized to have running-related injuries. The most common site of injury was the knee followed by ankle. Exercise experience prior to running (OR 1.57 95% CI 1.13–2.21), setting of specific running goals (OR 1.57 95% CI 1.08–2.27), and mileage increases from 20–30 km to 30–40 km (OR 1.66 95% CI 1.06–2.63) were associated with significant increases in running-related injuries.ConclusionIn order to avoid running-related injuries, runners should be careful in increasing weekly mileage. Moreover, runners with previous exercise experience may need to approach running more cautiously. Setting goals may be motivating but at the same time can increase the risk of running-related injuries.ReferencesVidebæk S, Bueno AM, Nielsen RO, Rasmussen S. Incidence of running-related injuries per 1000 h of running in different types of runners: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports medicine 2015;45(7):1017–26.Van Gent R, Siem D, van Middelkoop M, Van Os A, Bierma-Zeinstra S, Koes B. Incidence and determinants of lower extremity running injuries in long distance runners: a systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2007;41(8):469–80.Yamato TP, Saragiotto BT, Lopes AD. A consensus definition of running-related injury in recreational runners: a modified Delphi approach. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy 2015;45(5):375–80.
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Park HY, Park CR, Suh CH, Kim MJ, Shim WH, Kim SJ. Prognostic Utility of Disproportionately Enlarged Subarachnoid Space Hydrocephalus in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Treated with Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1429-1436. [PMID: 34045302 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus is a specific radiologic marker for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, controversy exists regarding the prognostic utility of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus. PURPOSE Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and its predictive utility regarding prognosis in patients treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. DATA SOURCES We used MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. STUDY SELECTION We searched for studies that reported the prevalence or the diagnostic performance of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus in predicting treatment response. DATA ANALYSIS The pooled prevalence of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus was obtained. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus to predict treatment response were obtained. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explain heterogeneity among the studies. DATA SYNTHESIS Ten articles with 812 patients were included. The pooled prevalence of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus was 44% (95% CI, 34%-54%). The pooled prevalence of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus was higher in the studies using the second edition of the Japanese Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus compared with the studies using the international guidelines without statistical significance (52% versus 43%, P = .38). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus for prediction of treatment response were 59% (95% CI, 38%-77%) and 66% (95% CI, 57%-74%), respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.67 (95% CI, 0.63-0.71). LIMITATIONS The lack of an established method for assessing disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus using brain MR imaging served as an important cause of the heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis demonstrated a relatively low prevalence of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and a poor diagnostic performance for treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Park
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (H.Y.P., C.H.S., M.J.K., W.H.S., S.J.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C R Park
- Department of Medical Science (C.R.P.) Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C H Suh
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (H.Y.P., C.H.S., M.J.K., W.H.S., S.J.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M J Kim
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (H.Y.P., C.H.S., M.J.K., W.H.S., S.J.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W H Shim
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (H.Y.P., C.H.S., M.J.K., W.H.S., S.J.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Kim
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (H.Y.P., C.H.S., M.J.K., W.H.S., S.J.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Suh CH, Shim WH, Kim SJ, Roh JH, Lee JH, Kim MJ, Park S, Jung W, Sung J, Jahng GH. Development and Validation of a Deep Learning-Based Automatic Brain Segmentation and Classification Algorithm for Alzheimer Disease Using 3D T1-Weighted Volumetric Images. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:2227-2234. [PMID: 33154073 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Limited evidence has suggested that a deep learning automatic brain segmentation and classification method, based on T1-weighted brain MR images, can predict Alzheimer disease. Our aim was to develop and validate a deep learning-based automatic brain segmentation and classification algorithm for the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease using 3D T1-weighted brain MR images. MATERIALS AND METHODS A deep learning-based algorithm was developed using a dataset of T1-weighted brain MR images in consecutive patients with Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment. We developed a 2-step algorithm using a convolutional neural network to perform brain parcellation followed by 3 classifier techniques including XGBoost for disease prediction. All classification experiments were performed using 5-fold cross-validation. The diagnostic performance of the XGBoost method was compared with logistic regression and a linear Support Vector Machine by calculating their areas under the curve for differentiating Alzheimer disease from mild cognitive impairment and mild cognitive impairment from healthy controls. RESULTS In a total of 4 datasets, 1099, 212, 711, and 705 eligible patients were included. Compared with the linear Support Vector Machine and logistic regression, XGBoost significantly improved the prediction of Alzheimer disease (P < .001). In terms of differentiating Alzheimer disease from mild cognitive impairment, the 3 algorithms resulted in areas under the curve of 0.758-0.825. XGBoost had a sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 70%. In terms of differentiating mild cognitive impairment from the healthy control group, the 3 algorithms resulted in areas under the curve of 0.668-0.870. XGBoost had a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 80%. CONCLUSIONS The deep learning-based automatic brain segmentation and classification algorithm allowed an accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer disease using T1-weighted brain MR images. The widespread availability of T1-weighted brain MR imaging suggests that this algorithm is a promising and widely applicable method for predicting Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Suh
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (C.H.S., W.H.S., S.J.K.)
| | - W H Shim
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (C.H.S., W.H.S., S.J.K.)
| | - S J Kim
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (C.H.S., W.H.S., S.J.K.)
| | - J H Roh
- Department of Neurology (J.H.R., J.-H.L.).,Department of Physiology (J.H.R.), Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Lee
- Department of Neurology (J.H.R., J.-H.L.)
| | - M-J Kim
- Health Screening and Promotion Center (M.-J.K.), Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Park
- VUNO Inc (S.P., W.J., J.S.), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Jung
- VUNO Inc (S.P., W.J., J.S.), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Sung
- VUNO Inc (S.P., W.J., J.S.), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - G-H Jahng
- Department of Radiology (G.-H.J.), Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim SJ, Zhang X, Cho SB, Kim CH, Park HC, Moon SJ. Uremic solutes of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol enhance protease-activated receptor-2 expression in vitro and in vivo in keratinocytes. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:113-123. [PMID: 32757783 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120945758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Uremic pruritus is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The retention of uremic solutes is thought to be associated with uremic pruritus. Meanwhile, activation of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) has been suggested to play an important role in pruritus. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of uremic solutes on the expression of PAR-2 in the skin. METHODS Indoxyl sulfate (IS), p-cresol (PC), and uremic sera from CKD patients were used to stimulate PAR-2 expression in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Also, NHEKs were additionally pretreated with soybean trypsin inhibitor to evaluate its inhibitory effect on PAR-2 expression. Patterns of cutaneous PAR-2 expression were investigated in skin samples from five CKD patients and CKD mice. RESULTS In NHEKs, IS, PC, and sera from CKD patients significantly induced PAR-2 mRNA and protein expression. Soybean trypsin inhibitor significantly decreased PAR-2 mRNA and protein expression in NHEKs treated with IS, PC, and CKD sera. NHEKs treated with IS and PC exhibited significant increases in protease activity. Skin from both CKD patients and mice exhibited marked upregulation of PAR-2 expression compared to control skin. CONCLUSIONS Results from the present study suggest that uremic solutes either directly or indirectly affect PAR-2 expression in the skin of CKD subjects, potentially playing an important role in the pathogenesis of uremic pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Translational & Clinical Research, 395886International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea.,The Graduate School, 37991Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, 159436Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China.,Department of Pathology, 159436Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China.,Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S B Cho
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Translational & Clinical Research, 395886International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea
| | - H C Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, 65655Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Translational & Clinical Research, 395886International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea
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Romano MR, Parolini B, Allegrini D, Michalewska Z, Adelman R, Bonovas S, Bopp S, Tekin K, Fiser I, Boon CJF, Dijk ECH, Donvito G, Güngel H, Özdoğan Erkul S, Ünsal E, Osmanbaşoğlu Ö, Dinçer N, Erçalık NY, Yenerel NM, Amar J, Ennemoser A, Besozzi G, Sallam AAB, Ellabban AA, Chang W, Eandi CM, Demir M, Lee J, Pak K, Arrevola L, Sloka A, Morawski K, Kulig ‐ Stochmal A, Romanowska ‐ Dixon B, Striebe N, Feltgen N, Hoerauf H, Inan UU, Tanev I, Dyrda A, Schüler A, Lucke K, Brix A, Pape S, Kusserow‐Napp C, Loo PA, Kanra AY, Ardagil Akçakaya A, Arı Yaylalı S, Bae SH, Kim HK, Kim SJ, Han JR, Nam WH, Odrobina D, Lavaque E, Bertelli E, Coser S, Ziemssen F, Forlini M, Benatti C, Cavallini GM, Stefanickova J, Berrod J, Saksonov S, Lytvinchuk L, Moussa M, Stefaniotou M, Christodoulou E, Zayed MA, Oz O, Tassinari P, Koch P, Declercq C, Johnston R, Rusnak S, Penas S, Ozdek S, Ucgul Y, Cisiecki S, Dziegielewski K, Klimczak D, Michalewska Z, Michalewski J, Nawrocka Z, Nawrocki J, Ornafel K, Pikulski Z, Maciej M, Acar N, Elshafei MM, Hamon F, Soyeur R, Badat I, Brousseau B, Hermouet E, Peiretti E, Lee J, Ferreira N, Yoon H, Alkhars WI, Dudani A, Minu R, Telang O, MorePatil VG, Furtado MJ, Jo Y, Piccolino FC, Finzi A. An international collaborative evaluation of central serous chorioretinopathy: different therapeutic approaches and review of literature. The European Vitreoretinal Society central serous chorioretinopathy study. Acta Ophthalmol 2020; 98:e549-e558. [PMID: 31808315 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study and compare the efficacy of different therapeutic options for the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). METHODS This is a nonrandomized, international multicentre study on 1719 patients (1861 eyes) diagnosed with CSCR, from 63 centres (24 countries). Reported data included different methods of treatment and both results of diagnostic examinations [fluorescein angiography and/or optical coherent tomography (OCT)] and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and after therapy. The duration of observation had a mean of 11 months but was extended in a minority of cases up to 7 years. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the different therapeutic options of CSCR in terms of both visual (BCVA) and anatomic (OCT) improvement. RESULTS One thousand seven hundred nineteen patients (1861 eyes) diagnosed with CSCR were included. Treatments performed were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops, laser photocoagulation, micropulse diode laser photocoagulation, photodynamic therapy (PDT; Standard PDT, Reduced-dose PDT, Reduced-fluence PDT), intravitreal (IVT) antivascular endothelial growth factor injection (VEGF), observation and other treatments. The list of the OTHERS included both combinations of the main proposed treatments or a variety of other treatments such as eplerenone, spironolactone, acetazolamide, beta-blockers, anti-anxiety drugs, aspirin, folic acid, methotrexate, statins, vitis vinifera extract medication and pars plana vitrectomy. The majority of the patients were men with a prevalence of 77%. The odds ratio (OR) showed a partial or complete resolution of fluid on OCT with any treatment as compared with observation. In univariate analysis, the anatomical result (improvement in subretinal fluid using OCT at 1 month) was favoured by age <60 years (p < 0.005), no previous observation (p < 0.0002), duration less than 3 months (p < 0.0001), absence of CSCR in the fellow eye (p = 0.04), leakage outside of the arcade (p = 0.05) and fluid height >500 μm (p = 0.03). The OR for obtaining partial or complete resolution showed that anti-VEGF and eyedrops were not statistically significant; whereas PDT (8.5), thermal laser (11.3) and micropulse laser (8.9) lead to better anatomical results with less variability. In univariate analysis, the functional result at 1 month was favoured by first episode (p = 0.04), height of subretinal fluid >500 μm (p < 0.0001) and short duration of observation (p = 0.02). Finally, there was no statistically significant difference among the treatments at 12 months. CONCLUSION Spontaneous resolution has been described in a high percentage of patients. Laser (micropulse and thermal) and PDT seem to lead to significant early anatomical improvement; however, there is little change beyond the first month of treatment. The real visual benefit needs further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario R Romano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavazzeni - Castelli Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Barbara Parolini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Istituto Clinico S. Anna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Allegrini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavazzeni - Castelli Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Ron Adelman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Stefanos Bonovas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bopp
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Kim SJ, Oh HS, Cha YS, Kim MY, Kim H. Evaluation of hepatic injury in acute carbon monoxide-poisoned patients in emergency department. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:883-889. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327120909521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The affinity of hemoglobin for carbon monoxide (CO) is 250 times higher than that for oxygen. Therefore, exposure to CO leads to a reduction in oxygen delivery to tissues, resulting in cellular hypoxia and affects whole body. Hepatic dysfunction in critically ill patients is related to poor outcome, but few studies have been conducted on this subject that occurs after CO poisoning. This study aims to conduct a study of hepatic injury in CO-poisoned patients in emergency department (ED). Methods: This retrospective observational study collected data from patients who were diagnosed with acute CO poisoning at the ED between June 2011 and May 2018 in local tertiary-care hospital (Wonju, Republic of Korea). The primary end point of this study was to describe the prevalence of hepatic injury in acute CO-poisoned patients. The secondary goals were to investigate the recovery trends of hepatic injury caused by acute CO poisoning and the relation to neurologic outcome and mortality. Results: Eight hundred ninety-four patients were enrolled in the final analysis, 128 cases (14.3%) had subclinical hepatic injury and 15 (1.6%) cases had hepatic injury. The relationship with mortality was not statistically significant. However, the hepatic injury group was higher incidence of intensive care unit admission and other complications. Patients in the hepatic injury group recovered through conservative management within 1 week of being admitted to the ED. Conclusions: While CO-induced hepatic injury is relatively uncommon, it can be associated with complications and poor neurologic outcome. However, CO-induced hepatic injury was not found to have a statistically significant effect on mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- SJ Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - HS Oh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - YS Cha
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - MY Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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Singh S, Kim SJ, Zhang X, Rosen J. Abstract B13: Immune cells, tumor-initiating cells, and drug sensitivity in claudin-low TNBC: A delicate balance. Cancer Immunol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm18-b13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Based on gene expression profiling, it can be classified into at least 5 subtypes. They are luminal A and B, normal breast-like, Her2-positive, basal-like, and newly described claudin-low. Among all these subtypes, basal-like and claudin-low tumors have relatively poor prognosis. Claudin-low tumors are characterized by the low expression of cell-cell junction proteins like claudin 3 and E-cadherin along with an enrichment of EMT markers such as SNAI1 and SNAI2 and high levels of mesenchymal markers such as vimentin. Claudin-low tumors are generally more aggressive and the rate of response to primary chemotherapy is around 32%. Initial data have shown that p-53 null claudin-low tumors are sensitive to cyclophosphamide treatment. Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a chemotherapy drug that has been used in lymphoma, leukemia and some solid tumors. At low and continuous doses, it shows immunostimulatory properties. The overall goal of this proposal is to test the therapeutic response of claudin-low tumors to cyclophosphamide treatment and define the functional role of the immune system in a mouse model of claudin-low breast cancer. Preliminary data have shown that tumor cells in a p53 null claudin-low murine model (T12) possess tumor-initiating abilities and have STAT3 activation. Initial data in claudin-low T12 tumors also suggest that CTX induces CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell homing to the primary tumor. Additionally, wild-type Balb/c mice implanted with T12 tumors respond favorably to CTX treatment as compared to T cell-deficient NSG mice. Our studies have shown that treatment-resistant claudin-low tumors have a high tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltrate. Tumors with poor response to CTX show higher levels of vimentin staining as compared to responsive tumors. Depletion of specific T-cell subsets to determine their functional importance in the response to CTX shows that while CD8+ T-cell depletion does not have a significant effect on treatment response, depletion of CD4+ T cells results in impaired tumor response to CTX treatment. Additionally, TAMs increase upon CD4+ T-cell depletion. We hypothesize that CTX treatment can sensitize T12 primary tumors to CD4+ T-cell mediated apoptosis. We further hypothesize that TAMS can suppress T-cell function and this, along with changes in the tumor EMT status, can promote chemoresistance. TAMs can also interact with tumor-initiating cells (TIC) within claudin-low tumors via the STAT3 pathway to promote survival and proliferation of chemotherapy resistant TICs. Furthermore, depleting immunosuppressive cells such as TAMs may provide us with an additional therapeutic modality for chemotherapy-resistant breast cancer in combination with checkpoint immunotherapy.
Reference: 1. Prat A et al. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of the claudin-low intrinsic subtype of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2010;12:R68.
Citation Format: Swarnima Singh, Se-Jin Kim, Xiang Zhang, Jeffrey Rosen. Immune cells, tumor-initiating cells, and drug sensitivity in claudin-low TNBC: A delicate balance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr B13.
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Singh S, Wan YW, Lee N, Kim SJ, Liu Z, Perou CM, Zhang X, Rosen J. Abstract B54: Single-cell analytics in claudin-low TNBC reveals immunostimulatory effects of low-dose metronomic cyclophosphamide treatment. Cancer Immunol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm19-b54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease. It can be classified into at least five subtypes: luminal A and B, normal breast like, Her2 positive, basal like, and claudin low. Among these, claudin-low tumors have relatively poor prognosis. These tumors are characterized by the low expression of cell-cell junction proteins along with an enrichment of EMT markers. They are more aggressive and the rate of response to primary chemotherapy is around 32%. Initial data have shown that murine p53 null claudin-low tumors are only sensitive to cyclophosphamide treatment. Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a chemotherapy drug that has been used in lymphoma, leukemia, and some solid tumors. At low and continuous doses, it shows immunostimulatory properties. In this study we describe the implementation of a novel combination treatment for claudin-low TNBC as informed by combined scRNA-seq and V(D)J seq. Immune profiles of a murine claudin-low tumor model (T12) shows heavy infiltration by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) pretreatment. Initial data in T12 tumors also suggest that CTX induces CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell homing to the primary tumor. Wild-type Balb/c mice implanted with T12 tumors respond favorably to CTX treatment as compared to T cell-deficient NSG mice. We combined 5´ scRNA-seq with V(D)J seq to gain an insight into how immune cell subpopulations change during the course of treatment. Combining tSNE plots for untreated and treated tumors revealed the emergence of new transcriptionally distinct populations in the CTX treated group, which included six T cell subpopulations. Projection of T cells along pseudotime using Monocle3 revealed a shift from naive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells to a terminal effector CD8+ T-cell phenotype and CD4+ effector memory cells in treated tumors while untreated tumors have higher numbers of exhausted Tigit+ CD8+ T cells and Tregs. V(D)J analysis revealed higher numbers of unique TCRs in CTX-treated tumors and greater clonal expansion of T cells. However, we noted a persistence of TAMs in our model even after treatment as well as high recurrence rates upon cessation of treatment. We then examined markers specific to the TAM subsets in the treated and untreated tumors and observed that TAMs expressed high levels of Csf1r. A chow containing PLX3397(iCSF1R) was employed to inhibit CSF1R, a macrophage differentiation/recruitment factor. Combination treatment with CTX and the iCSF1R chow lead to long-term regression of T12 tumors. Rechallenging these mice resulted in much slower tumor growth, indicating the formation of T cell memory. scRNA-seq and V(D)J seq is being performed on these samples to identify the clonal dynamics of effector T cells that assist in this striking regression. We hypothesize that CTX treatment can sensitize T12 primary tumors to T cell-mediated apoptosis, and that TAMS can suppress T-cell function and promote chemoresistance. Furthermore, depleting these TAMs in combination with CTX treatment may lead to long-term durable regression of both the primary tumor and metastases.
Citation Format: Swarnima Singh, Ying-Wooi Wan, Nigel Lee, Se-Jin Kim, Zhandong Liu, Charles M. Perou, Xiang Zhang, Jeffrey Rosen. Single-cell analytics in claudin-low TNBC reveals immunostimulatory effects of low-dose metronomic cyclophosphamide treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2019 Nov 17-20; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B54.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nigel Lee
- 1Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- 1Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
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Oh J, Huh KY, Cho YG, Cha JE, Kim SJ, Yoon SH, Park SS, Yoon H, Lee J, Lee H. Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of HL2351, a novel hybrid fc-fused interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, in healthy subjects: A first-in-human study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 86:372-379. [PMID: 31658396 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We performed a first-in-human study with HL2351, a novel hybrid Fc-fused interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist, to evaluate its tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PD) after a single subcutaneous (SC) administration in healthy subjects. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled, dose-escalation study was conducted. Eligible subjects randomly received a single SC administration of HL2351 (1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 mg/kg) or placebo in a ratio of 8:2. Subjects in the active-controlled group received a single SC administration of anakinra at 100 mg. Serial blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetics and PD analyses. An ex-vivo activation test was performed to evaluate the PD using peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with IL-1β. Anti-HL2351 antibodies were determined at baseline and 29 days postdose. Tolerability was assessed throughout the study. RESULTS HL2351 was eliminated more slowly than anakinra (terminal half-life: 27.21-45.28 vs 3.97 h). Serum concentrations of HL2351 were increased dose-proportionally. The mean apparent clearance of HL2351 were 0.6, 0.66, 0.75, 0.51, 0.65 L/h at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 mg/kg, respectively. The percent inhibition of IL-6 expression varied widely (range: 0-92.1%), showing no clear trend or discernible difference between HL2351, anakinra and placebo. HL2351 was well tolerated after a single SC administration. CONCLUSION HL2351 was well tolerated and showed linear pharmacokinetic characteristics after a single SC administration at doses up to 12 mg/kg in healthy subjects. HL2351 remained in the body 7-11 times longer than anakinra. HL2351 can be developed as a potential therapeutic alternative to anakinra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseong Oh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Huh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Seo Hyun Yoon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Sup Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunyee Yoon
- Protein Immunology Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institutes, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieon Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Howard Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim D, Kim S, Kim S. An innovative blood plasma separation method for a paper-based analytical device using chitosan functionalization. Analyst 2020; 145:5491-5499. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00500b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study describes a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) for separating plasma from whole blood and measuring glucose concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dami Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology
- Gachon University
- Seongnam
- Republic of Korea
| | - SeJin Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology
- Gachon University
- Seongnam
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyo Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology
- Gachon University
- Seongnam
- Republic of Korea
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Lee SH, Bae JW, Han M, Cho YJ, Park JW, Oh SR, Kim SJ, Choe SY, Yun JH, Lee Y. 2794 Nerve Sparing Radical Hysterectomy Versus Conventional Radical Hysterectomy in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kim SJ, Green IC, Breitkopf DM. Training Model for Laparoscopic Salpingectomy using an Energy Device: Practice Before the Or. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Prabhu A, Masghati S, Hernandez PW, Kim SJ, Klein NC. 2160 Effects of Visual Fidelity for Design of a Virtual Reality Based Pain Management System. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kim S, Kim D, Kim S. Simultaneous quantification of multiple biomarkers on a self-calibrating microfluidic paper-based analytic device. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1097:120-126. [PMID: 31910951 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a point-of-care assay platform with simultaneous detection and self-calibration capabilities for multiple targets based on a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD). This system is easily manufactured using a wax printing method on chromatographic paper. The design pattern consists of a zone of detection and a calibrant zone for controlled loading using wax barriers with different thicknesses. We showed the utility and applicability of this approach by a proof-of-concept study for two clinically important markers: glucose and lactate. With the naked eye, the results could be fully distinguished and recorded to evaluate the analytical performance with a flatbed scanner. The detection limits of glucose and lactate were 0.3125 mM and 0.2975 mM, respectively, and simultaneous detection was possible from a small sample (0.4 μL) with high sensitivity. Furthermore, this device has a self-calibration function, which minimizes the influence of environmental conditions (i.e., ambient light intensity, temperature, humidity, and pressure). Therefore, the developed multiplex paper-based device is promising for clinical multianalyte point-of-care testing since it is easy to manufacture, cost-effective, user-friendly, and highly sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeJin Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dami Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyo Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 461-701, Republic of Korea.
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Lee KM, Kim MH, Choi SY, Kim SJ, Kim SW, Park JS. P4776Age-dependent anti-thrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation patients with intermediate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc Score of 1 or 2) of ischemic stroke. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although older age is one of the most important risk factor for stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF), it is unclear whether oral anticoagulants are beneficial for AF patients with intermediate CHA2DS2-VASc score (1 for male or 2 for female) according to age threshold. We sought to investigate the effect of age-dependent antithrombotic therapy for ischemic stroke in Korean intermediate risk AF patients.
Methods
We enrolled 29,592 patients (males with CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1 and females with CHA2DS2-VASc score of 2) using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The clinical endpoint was the occurrence of ischemic stroke. The propensity score matching method was used to balance covariates across treated and untreated patients.
Results
Treated male AF patients were 6,570 (67.1%) with age <55 years, 7,115 (70.9%) with 55–64 years and 6,470 (68.3%) with 65–74 years in each age risk criterion. Also, treated female AF patients were 3,156 (71.3%) with age <55 years, 2,838 (71.0%) with 55–64 years and 3,440 (72.6%) with 65–74 years in each age risk criterion. Among male and female patients (age <55 years and 55–64 years) with 1 risk factor, an annual ischemic stroke rate was not significantly different between treated and untreated patients at full follow-up. However, treated AF patients who are in age 65–74 year without other risk factor had a much lower annual risk of ischemic stroke [(1.05%/year (male) and 1.04%/year (female)] compared with untreated patients [(1.77%/year (male) (p<0.026) and 1.86%/year (female) (p<0.041).
Conclusions
Age is an important predictor in determining the risk of ischemic stroke in AF patients with intermediate CHA2DS2-VASc scores (1 for male or 2 for female). We suggest that the benefit of anti-thrombotic therapy for intermediate risk AF patients depends on age threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Lee
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M H Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Y Choi
- Daeu Health College, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Park
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
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Lee EH, Kim SJ, Ha EJ, Park ES, Choi JY, Leem AY, Kim SY, Park MS, Kim YS, Kang YA. Treatment of latent tuberculous infection among health care workers at a tertiary hospital in Korea. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2019; 22:1336-1343. [PMID: 30355414 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the acceptance of, adherence to, and outcomes of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) treatment among health care workers (HCWs). DESIGN This was a retrospective study in a tertiary hospital in Korea. From May to August 2017, 2190 HCWs simultaneously underwent a tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). LTBI was diagnosed if the TST induration was 10 mm or IGRA results were positive. RESULTS Of 2190 HCWs tested, 1006 (45.9%) were diagnosed with LTBI. Of these, 655 (65.1%) HCWs visited out-patient clinics, 234 (35.7%) of whom were advised treatment by physicians. Among these, 120 (51.3%) accepted the physicians' recommendations. In general, HCWs who were older, male and smoked were less likely to visit out-patient clinics. Sixty (50%) HCWs received 3 months of isoniazid plus rifampicin (3HR) and 57 (47.5%) HCWs received 4 months of rifampicin (4R). The proportion of HCWs with 2 side effects (3HR 20% vs. 4R 7.0%, P = 0.041) and drug stoppage rate (3HR 20% vs. 4R 5.3%, P = 0.017) were higher in the 3HR group than in the 4R group. Of the 120 HCWs, 78 (65%) completed LTBI treatment. CONCLUSION Overall, the acceptance and completion rate for LTBI treatment was not adequate. For effective LTBI management in HCWs, further programmatic strategies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S J Kim
- Infection Control Office, Severance Hospital, Seoul
| | - E J Ha
- Infection Control Office, Severance Hospital, Seoul
| | - E S Park
- Infection Control Office, Severance Hospital, Seoul
| | - J Y Choi
- Infection Control Office, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A Y Leem
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M S Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y S Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y A Kang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
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Kim GL, Lee S, Kim SJ, Lee SO, Pyo S, Rhee DK. Pulmonary Colonization Resistance to Pathogens via Noncanonical Wnt and Interleukin-17A by Intranasal pep27 Mutant Immunization. J Infect Dis 2019; 217:1977-1986. [PMID: 29579238 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have focused on colonization resistance of the gut microbiota against antibiotic resistant strains. However, less research has been performed on respiratory colonization resistance. Methods Because respiratory colonization is the first step of respiratory infections, intervention to prevent colonization would represent a new approach for preventive and therapeutic measures. The Th17 response plays an important role in clearance of respiratory pathogens. Thus, harnessing the Th17 immune response in the mucosal site would be an effective method to design a respiratory mucosal vaccine. Results In this study, we show that intranasal Δpep27 immunization induces noncanonical Wnt and subsequent interleukin (IL)-17 secretion, and it inhibits Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae colonization. Moreover, IL-17A neutralization or nuclear factor of activated T-cell inhibition augmented bacterial colonization, indicating that noncanonical Wnt signaling is involved in pulmonary colonization resistance. Conclusions Therefore, Δpep27 immunization can provide nonspecific respiratory colonization resistance via noncanonical Wnt signaling and IL-17A-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu-Lee Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seungyeop Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Si-On Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Suhkneung Pyo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Rhee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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Yoo S, Kim SJ, Jo SH. Regulation of Nk2.2/vnd in the expression of deadpan (dpn) in Drosophila melanogaster. IBRO Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.07.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Kim SJ, Garcia-Recio S, Creighton CJ, Perou CM, Rosen JM. Alterations in Wnt- and/or STAT3 signaling pathways and the immune microenvironment during metastatic progression. Oncogene 2019; 38:5942-5958. [PMID: 31289359 PMCID: PMC6675631 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is an extremely complex disease with limited treatment options due to the lack of information about the major characteristics of metastatic disease. There is an urgent need, therefore, to understand the changes in cellular complexity and dynamics that occur during metastatic progression. In the current study, we analyzed the cellular and molecular differences between primary tumors and paired lung metastases using a syngeneic p53-null mammary tumor model of basal-like breast cancer. Distinct subpopulations driven by the Wnt- and/or STAT3 signaling pathways were detected in vivo using a lentiviral Wnt- and STAT3 signaling reporter system. A significant increase in the overlapping populations driven by both the Wnt- and STAT3 signaling pathways was observed in the lung metastases as compared to the primary tumors. Furthermore, the overlapping populations showed a higher metastatic potential relative to the other populations and pharmacological inhibition of both signaling pathways was shown to markedly reduce the metastatic lesions in established lung metastases. An analysis of the unique molecular features of the lung metastases revealed a significant association with immune response signatures. Specifically, Foxp3 gene expression was markedly increased and elevated levels of Foxp3 + Treg cells were detected in close proximity to lung metastases. Collectively, these studies illustrate the importance of analyzing intratumoral heterogeneity, changes in population dynamics, and the immune microenvironment during metastatic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Garcia-Recio
- Department Genetics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - C J Creighton
- Department of Medicine and Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C M Perou
- Department Genetics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J M Rosen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Lee M, Son HJ, Kim NY, Kim SJ, Yu IK. Nasopharyngeal undifferentiated carcinoma with sarcomatoid features: Pitfalls in the immunohistochemistry. Malays J Pathol 2019; 41:201-206. [PMID: 31427557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a case of an undifferentiated subtype of non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (NK-SCC) with sarcomatoid features in the nasopharynx in a 69-year-old man who was difficult to diagnose due to spindle-shaped malignant cells. He was admitted because of a right nasal obstruction and right headache, and imaging revealed a heterogeneously enhanced irregularly shaped mass at the nasopharynx. Histopathologically, the tumour was partially organised, and the tumour cells were epithelioid or spindle-shaped. Initially, we erroneously diagnosed the tumour as an angiosarcoma owing to its false-negative immunoreaction for cytokeratins and a mistaken interpretation for CD31. After in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus was positive, a consultation and additional immunostaining (including re-staining for cytokeratin with varying dilutions) were performed, and the diagnosis was revised to NK-SCC with sarcomatoid features. We believe that sarcomatoid features may be observed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and in this case, immunostaining using various epithelial markers is necessary and careful attention should be paid to the interpretation of immunostaining.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lee
- Eulji University School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Parker R, Kim SJ, Im GY, Nahas J, Dhesi B, Vergis N, Sinha A, Ghezzi A, Rink MR, McCune A, Aithal GP, Newsome PN, Weston CJ, Holt A, Gao B. Obesity in acute alcoholic hepatitis increases morbidity and mortality. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:511-518. [PMID: 31278069 PMCID: PMC6642069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol and obesity synergise to increase the risk of liver-related mortality. We examined the influence of adiposity on clinical outcomes in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and the underlying inflammatory crosstalk between adipose tissue (AT) and the liver. METHODS A cohort of 233 patients with AH from the UK and USA provided data to analyse the effects of obesity in AH. Body mass index was corrected for the severity of ascites, termed cBMI. Inflammatory and metabolic profiling was undertaken by proteome analysis of human serum samples. The effect of alcohol on adipose tissue and CXCL11 expression was studied in 3 T3-derived adipocytes and in mice using the high-fat diet-plus-binge ethanol model. FINDINGS Obesity was common amongst patients with AH, seen in 19% of individuals. Obesity (HR 2.22, 95%CI 1.1-4.3, p = .022) and underweight (HR 2.38, 1.00-5.6, p = .049) were independently associated with mortality at 3 months. Proteome analysis demonstrated multiple metabolic and inflammatory factors differentially expressed in obese AH verse lean AH, with CXCL11 being the most elevated factor in obese AH. In vitro analysis of cultured adipocytes and in vivo analysis of mouse models showed that alcohol induced CXCL11 expression in AT, but not in liver. INTERPRETATION Obesity is common in AH and associated with a greater than two-fold increase in short-term mortality. Obese AH is associated with a different inflammatory phenotype, with the greatest elevation in CXCL11. These data confirm that adiposity is clinically important in acute alcohol-related liver disease and illustrate the adipose-liver inflammatory axis in AH. FUND: This work was supported in part by an EASL Sheila Sherlock Physician Scientist Fellowship. The funder played no role in gathering or analysing data or writing the manuscript. This paper presents independent research supported by the NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Birmingham. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Parker
- Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Centre for Liver Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; National Institute for Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - S J Kim
- National Institute for Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - G Y Im
- Mount Sinai Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Nahas
- Mount Sinai Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Dhesi
- Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - N Vergis
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Sinha
- Department of Liver Medicine, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Ghezzi
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University Of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - M R Rink
- Centre for Liver Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A McCune
- Department of Liver Medicine, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - G P Aithal
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University Of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - P N Newsome
- Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Centre for Liver Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - C J Weston
- Centre for Liver Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Holt
- Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - B Gao
- National Institute for Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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Kim YI, Nam IK, Lee DK, Bhandari S, Charton L, Kwak S, Lim JY, Hong K, Kim SJ, Lee JN, Kwon SW, So HS, Linka N, Park R, Choe SK. Slc25a17 acts as a peroxisomal coenzyme A transporter and regulates multiorgan development in zebrafish. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:151-165. [PMID: 31187491 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Slc25a17 is known as a peroxisomal solute carrier, but the in vivo role of the protein has not been demonstrated. We found that the zebrafish genome contains two slc25a17 genes that function redundantly, but additively. Notably, peroxisome function in slc25a17 knockdown embryos is severely compromised, resulting in an altered lipid composition. Along the defects found in peroxisome-associated phenotypic presentations, we highlighted that development of the swim bladder is also highly dependent on Slc25a17 function. As Slc25a17 showed substrate specificity towards coenzyme A (CoA), injecting CoA, but not NAD+ , rescued the defective swim bladder induced by slc25a17 knockdown. These results indicated that Slc25a17 acts as a CoA transporter, involved in the maintenance of functional peroxisomes that are essential for the development of multiple organs during zebrafish embryogenesis. Given high homology in protein sequences, the role of zebrafish Slc25a17 may also be applicable to the mammalian system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kyu Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sushil Bhandari
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Lennart Charton
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - SeongAe Kwak
- Zoonosis Research Center, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - KwangHeum Hong
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Joon No Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong-Seob So
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Nicole Linka
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Raekil Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea.,Wonkwang Medical Institute, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
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Kim BJ, Yoo HJ, Park SJ, Kwak MK, Lee SH, Kim SJ, Hamrick MW, Isales CM, Ahn SH, Koh JM. Association of blood n-3 fatty acid with bone mass and bone marrow TRAP-5b in the elderly with and without hip fracture. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:1071-1078. [PMID: 30719549 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-04881-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The plasma n-3 fatty acid level was 26.2% lower in patients with osteoporotic hip fracture than in those with osteoarthritis. In all patients, n-3 fatty acid was positively associated with bone mineral density and inversely associated with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b level in bone marrow aspirates, reflecting the bone microenvironment. INTRODUCTION Despite the potential beneficial role of n-3 fatty acid (FA) on bone metabolism, the specific mechanisms underlying these effects in humans remain unclear. Here, we assessed whether the plasma n-3 level, as an objective indicator of its status, is associated with osteoporosis-related phenotypes and bone-related markers in human bone marrow (BM) samples. METHODS This was a case-control and cross-sectional study conducted in a clinical unit. n-3 FA in the blood and bone biochemical markers in the BM aspirates were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and immunoassay, respectively. BM fluids were collected from 72 patients who underwent hip surgery because of either osteoporotic hip fracture (HF; n = 28) or osteoarthritis (n = 44). RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, patients with HF had 26.2% lower plasma n-3 levels than those with osteoarthritis (P = 0.006), and each standard deviation increment in plasma n-3 was associated with a multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of 0.40 for osteoporotic HF (P = 0.010). In multivariate analyses including all patients, a higher plasma n-3 level was associated with higher bone mass at the lumbar spine (β = 0.615, P = 0.002) and total femur (β = 0.244, P = 0.045). Interestingly, the plasma n-3 level was inversely associated with the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b level (β = - 0.633, P = 0.023), but not with the bone-specific alkaline phosphatase level, in BM aspirates. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide clinical evidence that n-3 FA is a potential inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis that favors human bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- B-J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - H J Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M K Kwak
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M W Hamrick
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - C M Isales
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - S H Ahn
- Department of Endocrinology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - J-M Koh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
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Kwon HJ, Jeon J, Kim DH, Jang HR, Sung HH, Han DH, Park JB, Lee JE, Huh W, Kim SJ, Kim YG, Kim DJ, Oh HY. Clinical Impact of a Protocolized Kidney Donor Follow-up System. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:692-700. [PMID: 30979452 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate kidney donor management after donation is increasingly emphasized due to concerns of renal function impairment after nephrectomy with increasing life expectancy. In this study, the clinical impact of a protocolized kidney donor follow-up system by nephrologists was evaluated. METHODS A total of 427 living kidney donors underwent nephrectomy from January 2010 to December 2014 and were followed for at least 2 years at the Samsung Medical Center. Donors were followed-up by nephrologists after the establishment of a donor clinic with systemized protocols in January 2013. The primary outcomes were incidence of post-donation low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and renal function adaptability. Secondary outcomes were changes in compliance and incidence of hyperuricemia and microalbuminuria. RESULTS The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the time of nephrectomy: the pre-donor clinic period (n = 182) and the donor clinic period (n = 172). Preoperative eGFR in patients in the pre-donor clinic period was higher than that in patients in the donor clinic period. After donation, poor renal adaptation was less frequent in the donor clinic period compared to the pre-donor clinic period. Low eGFR tended to be less common during the donor clinic period. Shorter mean outpatient clinic visit intervals with more visits within 6 months after donation and earlier detection of de novo hyperuricemia were found during the donor clinic period. CONCLUSION A protocolized donor clinic run by nephrologists may improve post-nephrectomy renal outcomes and compliance and facilitate better management of potential risk factors of chronic kidney disease in donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kwon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jeon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Jang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - H H Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J B Park
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Huh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Oh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim SJ, Fuemmeler BF. Detecting Effective Tobacco Control Messages via Linguistic Analysis and Item Response Theory. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Current health communication research on tobacco control often examines the persuasion effects of messages in an experimental setting, which produces small effect sizes and limits the external validity of how well the tested messages will perform in real word settings. In the new media landscape, (anti)smoking and (anti)vaping messages are posted, shared, and disseminated across media platforms by a broader set of users. Tracking the persuasion effects of each message can be challenging with the experimental approaches. Novel analytic methods are needed to evaluate the effective strategies for tobacco control communication. We apply linguistic analysis and item-response theory to antismoking/antivaping messages to detect their persuasion effects on cognitive and emotional outcomes at an individual message level. Methods: We recruited respondents from social media and crowdsourcing platforms (n = 6,566). The eligible current smokers were randomly assigned to one of the 80 antismoking and antivaping messages, or 16 food advertisements (the control group). We measured attitudes toward vaping/smoking, emotional arousal, and intention to quit smoking or vape. We mined text data from each stimulus message to examine their linguistic characteristics and its links to the persuasion outcomes. Results: Majority of participants were White (86%) and female (55%). Antismoking messages were more likely to reveal anxiety (P = 0.01) and dangers or concerns (P < 0.01), compared to the control messages; and express high expertise and confidence compared to antivaping messages (P = 0.04). We report linguistic properties of each message and their relationship to antismoking attitudes, emotional arousal, intention to quit cigarettes, and intention to vape. Visualized patterns of message effectiveness demonstrate text/image-based antivaping messages, compared to video-based antivaping messages, unintentionally increased participants' favorable attitudes toward e-cigarettes. Conclusions: These message-level analyses can help identify best candidate messages that generate positive persuasion outcomes, which, in turn, can inform the selection of messages for health education and campaigns.
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Hayashi M, Nakazawa K, Hasegawa Y, Horiguchi J, Miura D, Ishikawa T, Takao S, Kim SJ, Yamagami K, Miyashita M, Konishi M, Shigeoka Y, Suzuki M, Taguchi T, Kubota T, Tanino Y, Yamada K, Kimura K, Akazawa K, Kohno N. Abstract P1-11-07: Risk analysis for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving FEC100 treatment. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-11-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Anthracycline-containing regimens are standard treatment options in adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is experienced frequently in patients receiving these regimens, but the risk factors for CINV are unknown.
OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for CINV in anthracycline-containing regimens retrospectively.
METHODS:
Data were collected from the JONIE study, which was conducted in order to estimate the efficacy of zoledronic acid in a neoadjuvant setting from March 2010 to June 2012 (UMIN000003261). A total of 180 patients were recruited, and we used CINV data from the first cycle of FEC100 treatment and patient backgrounds. As the protocol regulation allowed the use of antiemetic drugs,in the first cycle of the FEC100 regimen, patients received various types of antiemetic agents, which we classified into four groups: Dexamethasone (DEX)+5-HT3 receptor antagonist (5-HT3)+neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (NK1) (DEX+5-HT3+NK1) group; Dexamethasone (DEX)+5-HT3 receptor antagonist (5-HT3) (DEX+5HT3) group; Dexamethasone (DEX)+5-HT3 receptor antagonist (5-HT3)+dopamine receptor antagonist (DRA) (DEX+5HT3+DRA) group; and Dexamethasone (DEX)+5-HT3 receptor antagonist (5-HT3)+neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (NK1)+ dopamine receptor antagonist (DRA) (DEX+5-HT3+NK1+DRA) group. Risk factors were selected from patient backgrounds and the combinations of antiemetic drugs. In patient backgrounds, the body mass index (BMI) was stratified into 3 categories: Less than 18.5 (underweight group); equal to or more than 18.5 but less than 25 (standard BMI group); and equal to or more than 25 (overweight group). The risks for CINV were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. P values of less than 0.05 were defined as significant.
RESULTS:
In a univariate analysis of nausea, the body mass index (BMI) was the only significant factor (P<0.05). On the other hand, BMI and the combination of antiemetic drugs were significant factors in vomiting. (P<0.05 and 0.005, respectively). In a multivariate analysis of nausea, the P value for BMI was 0.02. The odds ratio for the underweight group was 7.745 (confidence interval: 2.171 to 27.634) compared with the standard BMI group. In a multivariate analysis of vomiting, BMI and the combination of antiemetic drugs were significant risk factors (P=0.025 and 0.023, respectively). The odds ratio for the underweight group was 3.481 (confidence interval: 1.183 to 10.241)compared with the standard BMI group. Furthermore, the odds ratios in the DEX+5-HT3+DRA and DEX+5HT3 groups were 5.005 (confidence interval: 1.543 to 16.239) and 4.178 (confidence interval: 1.428 to 12.222), respectively, compared with the DEX+5-HT3+NK1 group, which was consistent with the CINV guidelines in 2011.
CONCLUSIONS:
This study revealed that BMI was the most important risk factor for nausea, and that BMI and the combination of antiemetic drugs were risk factors for vomiting. Underweight-patients tend to have CINV in anthracycline-containing regimen. The DEX+5-HT3+NK1 group was the best antiemetic drug combination. These result show that following the CINV guideline treatment is mandatory in order to prevent CINV.
Citation Format: Hayashi M, Nakazawa K, Hasegawa Y, Horiguchi J, Miura D, Ishikawa T, Takao S, Kim SJ, Yamagami K, Miyashita M, Konishi M, Shigeoka Y, Suzuki M, Taguchi T, Kubota T, Tanino Y, Yamada K, Kimura K, Akazawa K, Kohno N. Risk analysis for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving FEC100 treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hayashi
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - K Nakazawa
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - Y Hasegawa
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - J Horiguchi
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - D Miura
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - T Ishikawa
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - S Takao
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - SJ Kim
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - K Yamagami
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - M Miyashita
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - M Konishi
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - Y Shigeoka
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - M Suzuki
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - T Taguchi
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - T Kubota
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - Y Tanino
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - K Yamada
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - K Kimura
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - K Akazawa
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
| | - N Kohno
- Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan; Niigata University, 951 Asahimachi, Niigata, Japan; Hirosaki Municipal Hospital, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan; Akasaka Miura Clinic, 2-11-15 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70, Kitaoji-machi, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan; Oaska University, 2-2 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47, Wakihama-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Konan Hospital, 1-5-16 Kamokogahara, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, 13-9 Rokujinji-machi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1-7-50 Kunijima, Higashi Yodogawa, Osaka, Japan; National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center, 4-1-2 Tsubakimori, Chiba, Japan; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan; Kamiiida Daiichi General Hospital, 2-70 Ka
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Kim S, Kim D, Kim S. A rapid real-time quantification in hybrid paper-polymer centrifugal optical devices. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 126:200-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Adam GO, Lee HR, Lee SJ, Kim SJ, Kim GB, Kang HS. Effects of acute lipopolysaccharide-induced toxemia model on some neglected blood parameters. Pol J Vet Sci 2019; 21:665-671. [PMID: 30605278 DOI: 10.24425/124304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in blood induces an inflammatory response which leads to multiple organ dysfunction and numerous metabolic disorders. Uncontrolled, improper or late intervention may lead to tissue hypoxia, anaerobic glycolysis and a disturbance in the acid -base balance. The effects of LPS-induced toxemia on biological and immunological markers were well studied. However, parameters such as base excess, ions, and acid-base balance were not fully investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine these blood parameters collectively in LPS-induced inflammatory toxemia in rat's model. After induction of toxemia by injecting LPS at a rate of 5 mg/kg body weight intravenously, blood was collected from the tail vein of twenty rats and immediately analyzed. After 24 hours, the animals were sacrificed and the blood was collected from the caudal vena cava. The results revealed that the levels of pH, bicar- bonate, partial pressure of oxygen, oxygen saturation, Alveolar oxygen, hemoglobin, hematocrit, magnesium (Mg2+), and calcium (Ca2+) were significantly decreased. On the other side, the levels of Base excess blood, Base excess extracellular fluid, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, lactate, Ca2+/Mg2+, potassium, and chloride were significantly increased compared to those found pre toxemia induction. However, sodium level showed no significant change. In conclusion, Acute LPS-toxemia model disturbs acid-base balance, blood gases, and ions. These parameters can be used to monitor human and animal toxemic inflammatory response induced by bacterial LPS conditions to assist in the management of the diagnosed cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O Adam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea.,Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box No. 204, Hilat Kuku, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - H R Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Korea Basic Science Institute Jeonju Center, Deokjingu, Jeonjusi, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - G B Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
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Kim SJ, Park EH. Relationship of Working Memory, Processing Speed, and Fluid Reasoning in Psychiatric Patients. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:1154-1161. [PMID: 30466206 PMCID: PMC6318484 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2018.10.10.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate relationship among cognitive factors (working memory and processing speed) and fluid reasoning (Gf) in psychiatric patients using a standardized clinical tool. METHODS We included the responses of 115 heterogeneous patients who were diagnosed with the MINI-Plus 5.0 and WAIS-IV/WMSIV was administered. For our analysis, structured equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to evaluate which cognitive variables are closely related to the Gf. RESULTS The results showed that the visual working memory was the strongest predictor of the Gf compared to other cognitive factors. CONCLUSION Processing speed was capable of predicting the Gf, when visual working memory was controlled. The inter-relationship among the Gf and other cognitive factors and its clinical implications were further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim SJ, Seon SH, Luong TT, Ghosh P, Pyo S, Rhee DK. Immunization with attenuated non-transformable pneumococcal pep27 and comD mutant provides serotype-independent protection against pneumococcal infection. Vaccine 2018; 37:90-98. [PMID: 30467061 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a well-known pathogenic bacterium with a high mortality rate. Currently, a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) and protein-conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are available on the market. However, both of these vaccines have limitations; specifically, PPV23 produces weak antibody responses in children younger than 2 years and PCVs only partially protect against secondary infection. Previously, we showed serotype-nonspecific protection by Δpep27 vaccine, but the reversion of Δpep27 to the wild type serotype during immunization cannot be excluded. To ensure the safety of the Δpep27 vaccine, comD, an important protein that activates competence, was inactivated, and the transformability of the double mutant (Δpep27ΔcomD) was determined. The transformation ability of this double mutant was successfully abolished. Δpep27ΔcomD immunization significantly increased the survival time after heterologous challenge(s), and diminished colonization levels independent of serotype, including a non-typeable strain (NCC1). Moreover, the double mutant was found to be highly safe in both normal and immunocompromised mice. In conclusion, this pneumococcal Δpep27ΔcomD vaccine appears to be a highly feasible and safe vaccine to prevent various types of pneumococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jin Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Seung Han Seon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Truc Thanh Luong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Prachetash Ghosh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Suhkneung Pyo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Rhee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Lee Y, Kim SJ, Kim YS, Kim H, Lee DK, Lee J, Go TH, Cha YS. The usefulness of the SOFA and APACHE II scoring systems for the early prediction of mortality in patients with dapsone poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:280-287. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327118806647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The rate of mortality from dapsone poisoning is high because of the long absorption half-life of dapsone. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scoring systems for the early prediction of mortality in patients with dapsone poisoning. This is a retrospective and observational study of consecutive patients diagnosed with dapsone poisoning. The SOFA and APACHE II scores were obtained within the first 24 h of admission. Patients were divided into survivor and non-survivor groups. In total, 106 patients were included. The SOFA scores of the survivor and non-survivor groups were 1 (0–8) and 4 (1–10), respectively ( p < 0.001). The APACHE II scores of the survivor and non-survivor groups were 9 (1–25) and 14 (3–23), respectively ( p < 0.001). Based on these scores and in-hospital mortality cases, the standardized mortality ratios for the APACHE II and SOFA were 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64–1.48) and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.64–1.49), respectively. In the model adjusted for clinically important variables and variables with significant differences between the survivor and non-survivor groups, the area under the curve of the SOFA (0.907; 95% CI: 0.834–0.955) was significantly higher than that of the APACHE II (0.793; 95% CI: 0.703–0.867) ( p = 0.008). The SOFA and APACHE II score systems had good discrimination and satisfactory calibration performance in patients with dapsone poisoning. However, the SOFA score was a more useful method in predicting mortality than the APACHE II score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - SJ Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - YS Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - DK Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - TH Go
- Center of Biomedical Data Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - YS Cha
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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