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Baumgärtner JF, Wörle M, Guntlin CP, Krumeich F, Siegrist S, Vogt V, Stoian DC, Chernyshov D, van Beek W, Kravchyk KV, Kovalenko MV. Pyrochlore-Type Iron Hydroxy Fluorides as Low-Cost Lithium-Ion Cathode Materials for Stationary Energy Storage. Adv Mater 2023:e2304158. [PMID: 37522526 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Pyrochlore-type iron (III) hydroxy fluorides (Pyr-IHF) are appealing low-cost stationary energy storage materials due to the virtually unlimited supply of their constituent elements, their high energy densities, and fast Li-ion diffusion. However, the prohibitively high costs of synthesis and cathode architecture currently prevent their commercial use in low-cost Li-ion batteries. Herein, a facile and cost-effective dissolution-precipitation synthesis of Pyr-IHF from soluble iron (III) fluoride precursors is presented. High capacity retention by synthesized Pyr-IHF of >80% after 600 cycles at a high current density of 1 A g-1 is obtained, without elaborate electrode engineering. Operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction guides the selective synthesis of Pyr-IHF such that different water contents can be tested for their effect on the rate capability. Li-ion diffusion is found to occur in the 3D hexagonal channels of Pyr-IHF, formed by corner-sharing FeF6-x (OH)x octahedra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Felix Baumgärtner
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Michael Wörle
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Christoph P Guntlin
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Frank Krumeich
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Siegrist
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Vogt
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Dragos C Stoian
- Swiss-Norwegian BeamLines at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Dmitry Chernyshov
- Swiss-Norwegian BeamLines at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Wouter van Beek
- Swiss-Norwegian BeamLines at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Kostiantyn V Kravchyk
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
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Lubrano V, Derrey S, Truc G, Mirabel X, Thariat J, Cupissol D, Sassolas B, Combemale P, Modiano P, Bedane C, Dygai-Cochet I, Lamant L, Mourrégot A, Rougé Bugat MÈ, Siegrist S, Tiffet O, Mazeau-Woynar V, Verdoni L, Planchamp F, Leccia MT. [Locoregional treatments of brain metastases for patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma: French national guidelines]. Neurochirurgie 2014; 60:269-75. [PMID: 25241016 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The management of metastatic cutaneous melanoma is changing, marked by innovative therapies. However, their respective use and place in the therapeutic strategy continue to be debated by healthcare professionals. OBJECTIVE The French national cancer institute has led a national clinical practice guideline project since 2008. It has carried out a review of these modalities of treatment and established recommendations. METHODS The clinical practice guidelines development process is based on systematic literature review and critical appraisal by experts. The recommendations are thus based on the best available evidence and expert agreement. Prior to publication, the guidelines are reviewed by independent practitioners in cancer care delivery. RESULTS This article presents the results of bibliographic search, the conclusions of the literature and the recommendations concerning locoregional treatments of brain metastases for patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lubrano
- Service de neurochirurgie, hôpital de Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, 1, avenue du Professeur-Jean-Poulhès, TSA 50032, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - S Derrey
- Département de neurochirurgie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, 1, rue de Germont, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - G Truc
- Département de radiothérapie, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, BP 77980, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - X Mirabel
- Département de radiothérapie-curiethérapie, centre Oscar-Lambret, 3, rue Frédéric-Combemale, BP 307, 59020 Lille, France
| | - J Thariat
- Pôle de radiothérapie, centre Antoine-Lacassagne, 33, avenue de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
| | - D Cupissol
- Service d'oncologie médicale, ICM, institut du cancer de Montpellier Val-d'Aurelle, 208, avenue des Apothicaires, parc Euromédecine, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - B Sassolas
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Cavale-Blanche, boulevard Tanguy-Prigent, 29609 Brest, France
| | - P Combemale
- Unité onco-dermatologie, centre Léon Bérard, 28, rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - P Modiano
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, boulevard de Belfort, BP 387, 59020 Lille, France
| | - C Bedane
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Dupuytren, 2, avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - I Dygai-Cochet
- Service de médecine nucléaire, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, BP 77980, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - L Lamant
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, hôpital Purpan, place Baylac, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - A Mourrégot
- Service de chirurgie oncologique, ICM, institut du cancer de Montpellier Val-d'Aurelle, 208, avenue des Apothicaires, parc Euromédecine, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - M-È Rougé Bugat
- Cabinet médical, 59, rue de la Providence, 31500 Toulouse, France
| | - S Siegrist
- Cabinet médical, 3, rue Saint-Sigisbert, 57050 le Ban-Saint-Martin, France
| | - O Tiffet
- Service de chirurgie générale et thoracique, centre hospitalier universitaire, 42055 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - V Mazeau-Woynar
- Direction des recommandations et de la qualité de l'expertise, Institut national du cancer, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - L Verdoni
- Direction des recommandations et de la qualité de l'expertise, Institut national du cancer, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - F Planchamp
- Direction des recommandations et de la qualité de l'expertise, Institut national du cancer, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - M-T Leccia
- Clinique de dermatolo-vénéréologie, photobiologie et allergologie, pôle pluridisciplinaire de médecine, hôpital Michallon, 38043 Grenoble, France
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Cupissol D, Sassolas B, Combemale P, Modiano P, Bedane C, Derrey S, Dygai-Cochet I, Lamant L, Lubrano V, Mirabel X, Mourrégot A, Rougé Bugat ME, Siegrist S, Thariat J, Tiffet O, Truc G, Verdoni L, Mazeau-Woynar V, Planchamp F, Leccia MT. Traitements systémiques de première et de deuxième lignes des patients atteints d’un mélanome cutané métastatique (hors métastase cérébrale) : Recommandations nationales françaises. ONCOLOGIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10269-013-2360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Leccia MT, Planchamp F, Sassolas B, Combemale P, Modiano P, Bedane C, Cupissol D, Derrey S, Dygai-Cochet I, Lamant L, Lubrano V, Mirabel X, Mourrégot A, Rougé Bugat ME, Siegrist S, Thariat J, Tiffet O, Truc G, Verdoni L, Mazeau-Woynar V. [Management of patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma: French national guidelines. French National Cancer Institute]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2013; 141:111-21. [PMID: 24507205 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2013.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent years have seen the emergence of new molecules for the treatment of patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma, with significant benefits in terms of survival and the opening of new therapeutic perspectives. In addition, many techniques are currently being developed for locoregional treatment of metastatic sites. Management of metastatic melanoma is thus fast-changing and is marked by innovative therapeutic approaches. However, the availability of these new treatments has prompted debate among healthcare professionals concerning their use and their place in therapeutic strategy. AIMS Since 2008, the French National Cancer Institute (INCa) has been leading a project to define and diffuse national clinical practice guidelines. It has performed a review of these treatment methods, which it aims to circulate, and it is seeking to develop recommendations in order to allow nationwide implementation of innovative approaches while promoting good use thereof. METHODS The clinical practice guidelines development process is based on systematic literature review and critical appraisal by experts within a multidisciplinary working group, with feedback from specialists in cancer care delivery. The recommendations are thus based on the best available evidence and expert agreement. Prior to publication, the guidelines are reviewed by independent practitioners in cancer care delivery. RESULTS This article presents the national recommendations for first- and second-line systemic treatment and for locoregional treatment of metastatic sites in patients presenting metastatic cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-T Leccia
- Pôle pluridisciplinaire de médecine, clinique de dermatolo-vénéréologie, photobiologie et allergologie, hôpital Michallon, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - F Planchamp
- Direction des recommandations et de la qualité de l'expertise, Institut national du cancer, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - B Sassolas
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Cavale Blanche, boulevard Tanguy-Prigent, 29609 Brest, France
| | - P Combemale
- Unité onco-dermatologie, centre Léon-Bérard, 28, rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - P Modiano
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, boulevard de Belfort, BP 387, 59020 Lille, France
| | - C Bedane
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Dupuytren, 2, avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - D Cupissol
- Service d'oncologie médicale, ICM, institut du cancer de Montpellier Val-d'Aurelle, parc Euromédecine, 208, avenue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - S Derrey
- Département de neurochirurgie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, 1, rue de Germont, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - I Dygai-Cochet
- Service de médecine nucléaire, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, BP 77980, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - L Lamant
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, hôpital Purpan, place Baylac, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - V Lubrano
- Service de neurochirurgie, hôpital de Rangueil, 1, avenue du Professeur-Jean-Poulhès, TSA 50032, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - X Mirabel
- Département de radiothérapie-curiethérapie, centre Oscar-Lambret, 3, rue Frédéric-Combemale, BP 307, 59020 Lille, France
| | - A Mourrégot
- Service de chirurgie oncologique, ICM, institut du cancer de Montpellier Val-d'Aurelle, parc Euromédecine, 208, avenue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - M-E Rougé Bugat
- Cabinet médical, 59, rue de la Providence, 31500 Toulouse, France
| | - S Siegrist
- Cabinet médical, 3, rue Saint-Sigisbert, 57050 Le Ban-Saint-Martin, France
| | - J Thariat
- Pôle de radiothérapie, centre Antoine-Lacassagne, 33, avenue de Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
| | - O Tiffet
- Service de chirurgie générale et thoracique, centre hospitalier universitaire de Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - G Truc
- Département de radiothérapie, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, BP 77980, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - L Verdoni
- Direction des recommandations et de la qualité de l'expertise, Institut national du cancer, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - V Mazeau-Woynar
- Direction des recommandations et de la qualité de l'expertise, Institut national du cancer, 52, avenue André-Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Lauck S, Siegrist S. N061 Radiation safety in interventional cardiology: Development and implementation of a quality assurance program. Can J Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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Sastre J, Siegrist S, Bulle F, Asensi M, Baik JH, Pawlak A, Guellaën G. High-level expression of functional human gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase using the baculovirus system. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1996; 38:801-11. [PMID: 8728110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the structure and function of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) has been hindered by the difficulty of obtaining large quantities of functional enzyme. A recombinant baculovirus, encoding the human hepatoma cell (Hep G2) GGT, was easily purified using a histochemical procedure to reveal GGT activity. Infected insect cells synthesized a large amount of enzymatically active GGT representing up to 10% of the total cell extract protein. The GGT specific activity of the infected cells was 13 units per mg of protein which is the highest GGT expression level reported to date, 260-times more than in Hep G2 cells. The recombinant protein displayed an apparent molecular mass (M(r), 58,000 for the heavy subunit), immunoreactivity and catalytic features similar to those of the native protein. The high-level expression of functional GGT should provide an excellent tool to further study the structure-function relationships of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sastre
- U-99 INSERM, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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Lévy I, Wu YQ, Roeckel N, Bulle F, Pawlak A, Siegrist S, Mattéi MG, Guellaën G. Human testis specifically expresses a homologue of the rodent T lymphocytes RT6 mRNA. FEBS Lett 1996; 382:276-80. [PMID: 8605984 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00183-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A human homologue of the rodent T cell mono ADP-ribosyl transferase RT6 mRNA was identified by a systematic analysis of human testis transcripts. This messenger encodes for a precursor protein of 367 aa (MW: 41.5 kDa) which exhibits a peptide signal, consensus domains for mono ADP-ribosyl transferase and a C-terminal part characteristic of glycophosphatidyl inositol anchored protein. This mRNA, transcribed from a gene localized in 4q13-q21, is not expressed in white blood cells but is specific for human testis in which it is likely to correspond to a new ADP-ribosyl transferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lévy
- Unite INSERM 99, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France
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Baik JH, Siegrist S, Giuili G, Lahuna O, Bulle F, Guellaën G. Tissue- and developmental-stage-specific methylation in the two kidney promoters of the rat gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase gene. Biochem J 1992; 287 ( Pt 3):691-4. [PMID: 1359875 PMCID: PMC1133063 DOI: 10.1042/bj2870691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated, using DNA methylation patterning, the site-specific methylation of promoters I and II of the rat gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase gene. This analysis was done in fetal, newborn and adult rat kidney, in which promoters I and II are progressively active during development, as well as in rat liver, which never expresses mRNAs from these two promoters. During kidney development, a progressive demethylation occurs in the promoter I and II region, specially at the level of the most proximal MspI site of promoter II. A progressive reorganization of the methylated sites within the 5' end of the gene also occurs during liver development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Baik
- Unité 99 INSERM, Hôpital Henri Monodor, Créteil, France
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Baik JH, Chikhi N, Bulle F, Giuili G, Guellaën G, Siegrist S. Repetitive 5-azacytidine treatments of Fao cells induce a stable and strong expression of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. J Cell Physiol 1992; 153:408-16. [PMID: 1385452 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041530221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The role of DNA methylation in the expression of the rat gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) gene was assessed in the Fao cell line using a hypomethylating agent, 5-azacytidine. Ten repetitive treatments of the cells, with 8 microM 5-azacytidine for 24 h, led to 13- and 80-fold increases, respectively, in GGT activity and in GGT mRNA level. The DNA methylation patterns generated by the isoschizomeric restriction enzymes Hpa II and Msp I indicated that the GGT gene, highly methylated in Fao cells, became strongly demethylated after 5-azacytidine treatments. Thus, DNA demethylation increases the expression of the GGT gene. 5-Azacytidine treatments also increased, but to a lesser extent, mRNAs level for actin, albumin, mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, aldolase B mRNAs (12- to 16-fold) as well as for tubulin, gluthathione transferase, and tyrosine aminotransferase mRNAs (2- to 5-fold). The GGT gene expression was further studied in B4 cells, cloned from the demethylated Fao cell population. This clone B4 exhibited a stable and strong GGT activity and a highly demethylated GGT gene. Among the three GGT mRNA I, II, or III, transcribed from three different promoters of the single rat GGT gene, only mRNA III was detected in Fao cells and was increased in clone B4, indicating that the demethylation acts on the promoter for mRNA III. The analysis of the differentiation state of B4 cells, as compared to Fao cells, showed a loss of the regulation of GGT and aspartate aminotransferase genes by dexamethasone, as well as a loss of the gluconeogenic pathway. Interestingly, B4 cells have retained many other specific functions of hepatic differentiation and have acquired alpha-fetoprotein expression; thus this clone exhibits the characteristics of a hepatic fetal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Baik
- U-99 INSERM, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France
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Baik JH, Griffiths S, Giuili G, Manson M, Siegrist S, Guellaen G. DNA methylation patterns of the rat gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase gene in embryonic, adult and neoplastic liver. Carcinogenesis 1991; 12:1035-9. [PMID: 1675160 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/12.6.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylation status of the rat gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) gene was investigated during liver development and hepatocarcinogenesis. The analysis with the restriction enzymes MspI/HpaII revealed that, during ontogeny, there is a progressive methylation of the GGT gene that coincides with a progressive decrease in GGT activity. Thus, there is an inverse correlation between methylation and expression of the GGT gene, suggesting a role for DNA methylation in the regulation of the gene during normal differentiation. The methylation patterns of the GGT gene in liver tumours induced by aflatoxin B1 exhibit heterogeneity. Nevertheless, a band of 5.7 kb was observed in all the DNA samples from aflatoxin B1-induced tumours which was not present in control liver DNA. The specificity of the DNA methylation changes was assessed using nafenopin, which induces hepatic tumours without elevation of GGT activity. We conclude that, during hepatocarcinogenesis, there is a modification of the DNA methylation pattern of the GGT gene, but there is no simple correlation with GGT activity. In no case was the GGT gene methylation in hepatocarcinogenesis found to be equivalent to the pattern observed in fetal liver. Thus if methylation is involved in the regulation of GGT gene transcription, the mechanisms must be different in fetal liver and hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Baik
- Unité INSERM 99, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France
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Lebargy F, Bulle F, Siegrist S, Guellaen G, Bernaudin JF. Localization by in situ hybridization of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase mRNA in the rat kidney using 35S-labeled RNA probes. J Transl Med 1990; 62:731-5. [PMID: 1972767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is involved in the extraction of plasma glutathione in the postglomerular compartment of the kidney. The enzyme is distributed in the proximal tubule associated with the apical brush border. Using in situ hybridization with 35S-labeled anti-sense and sense RNA GGT probes on rat kidney cryostat sections, the present study demonstrates that GGT mRNA transcripts are detected in proximal tubules localized in the inner cortex, outer medulla, and medullary rays of the cortex. Such a distribution suggests that the GGT gene is mainly expressed in the more distal part of the proximal tubule, i.e., the pars recta. As a control, in situ hybridization has also been performed using a 35S-labeled beta-actin anti-sense RNA probe showing a diffuse pattern of distribution of beta-actin RNA transcripts particularly in the outer cortex. This highly sensitive method using single strand asymetric RNA probes, with a markedly reduced nonspecific binding is promising for the study of gene expression patterns in the kidney in order to clarify their heterogeneity in the various segments of the nephron.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lebargy
- Unités INSERM 139 et 99, Département d'Histologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris, Creteil, France
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Siegrist S, Laperche Y, Chobert MN, Bulle F, Nakhasi HL, Guellaën G. Regulation of mouse mammary-gland gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase mRNA during pregnancy, lactation and weaning. Biochem J 1990; 267:621-4. [PMID: 1971168 PMCID: PMC1131342 DOI: 10.1042/bj2670621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The level of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) activity and of its mRNA were determined in the mouse mammary gland during pregnancy, lactation and weaning. The GGT activity, which is very low in the virgin-mouse mammary gland (5 munits/mg of protein), increases progressively during pregnancy (3-fold), reaches its maximum at the onset of lactation (8-fold) and returns rapidly to basal level at weaning. Although no GGT-specific mRNA is detected in the virgin-mouse mammary gland, a single faint band of 2.2 kb in size is found during pregnancy. During lactation, an additional mRNA of 2.4 kb in size appears, and the level of both mRNAs is higher. This high level of mRNA persists during weaning as well. Southern-blot analysis of mouse mammary-gland DNA provides convincing evidence that there is only one gene which codes for the two mRNAs. The present study provides the first evidence for a physiological regulation of the two GGT mRNAs in the same tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Siegrist
- Unité INSERM 99 Hôpital H. Mondor, Creteil, France
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Bulle F, Mavier P, Zafrani ES, Preaux AM, Lescs MC, Siegrist S, Dhumeaux D, Guellaën G. Mechanism of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase release in serum during intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis in the rat: a histochemical, biochemical and molecular approach. Hepatology 1990; 11:545-50. [PMID: 1970323 DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840110404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the elevation of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in cholestasis is not clear. We therefore analyzed rat gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities in liver, bile and serum during intrahepatic cholestasis induced by a single dose of alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate (20 mg/100 gm body weight) and during extrahepatic cholestasis after bile duct ligation. At days 1 and 2 after alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate ingestion, we saw a fivefold and a 60-fold increase in serum and bile gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities, respectively. These increases were associated with a decrease in hepatic gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and of corresponding mRNA. Simultaneously, necrosis of the biliary epithelium appeared in portal tracts. From day 2 to day 14, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in bile and serum progressively returned to basal levels; in the liver, cholangiolar proliferation was mild and was associated with moderate elevation of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and of its corresponding mRNA. In extrahepatic cholestasis, a 10-fold increase in serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was detected between day 0 and day 14. This increase was associated with major cholangiolar proliferation and with a progressive rise in hepatic gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and in specific mRNA; in bile, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was slightly elevated. In these two models of cholestasis, histochemically detected gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was largely predominant in biliary cells. We found no significant induction of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in hepatocytes. These results suggest that in these two models of cholestasis, the increase in serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity is of biliary cell origin and does not originate from hepatocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bulle
- Unité INSERM 99, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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15
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Pawlak A, Cohen EH, Octave JN, Schweickhardt R, Wu SJ, Bulle F, Chikhi N, Baik JH, Siegrist S, Guellaën G. An alternatively processed mRNA specific for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in human tissues. J Biol Chem 1990; 265:3256-62. [PMID: 1968061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)1 is composed of two subunits derived from a single precursor (Nash, B., and Tate, S.S. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 678-685; Finidori, J., Laperche, Y., Tsapis, R., Barouki, R., Guellaën, G., and Hanoune, J. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 4687-4690) consisting of 569 amino acids (Laperche, Y., Bulle, F., Aissani, T., Chobert, M.N., Aggerbeck, M., Hanoune, J., and Guellaën, G. (1986) Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83, 937-941). In the present study we report the cloning of an altered form of this precursor from human liver. We have isolated two clones, one 2,632 base pairs (bp) long from a fetal liver cDNA library and one 926 bp long from an adult liver cDNA library, each containing a 22-bp insertion that introduces a premature stop codon and shortens the open reading frame to 1,098 bp when compared with known human cDNA sequences specific for GGT. Sequence analysis of a human genomic GGT clone shows that this insertion of 22 bp is generated by a splicing event involving an alternative 3'-acceptor site. By polymerase chain reaction experiments we demonstrate that the alternatively spliced mRNA is present in polysomes from the microsomal fraction of a human hepatoma cell line (Hep G2) and thus could encode an altered GGT molecule of 39,300 Da (366 amino acids) encompassing most of the heavy subunit which is normally 41,500 Da (380 amino acids). The altered mRNA is detected in various human tissues including liver, kidney, brain, intestine, stomach, placenta, and mammary gland. This report is the first demonstration of an alternative primary sequence in the mRNA coding for GGT, a finding that could be related to the presence of some inactive forms of GGT detected in human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pawlak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale Unité 99, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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16
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Pawlak A, Wu SJ, Bulle F, Suzuki A, Chikhi N, Ferry N, Baik JH, Siegrist S, Guellaën G. Different gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase mRNAs are expressed in human liver and kidney. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989; 164:912-8. [PMID: 2573352 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)91545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In human, the two subunits of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) arise from a common precursor encoded by a multigene family. Until now, a single specific coding sequence for this precursor (type I) has been identified in human placenta and liver. In the present study, we have isolated from a human kidney cDNA library, a GGT specific clone (0.8 Kb). The sequence of which (type II) i) covers the carboxy terminal part of the GGT precursor, ii) exhibits 22 point mutations and a 30 bp deletion as compared to the type I GGT sequence. The sequencing of a human genomic clone reveals that this type II GGT mRNA is encoded by a different gene than the type I GGT mRNA. Both type I and type II GGT mRNAs are expressed in human liver, while almost exclusively type II GGT mRNA is detected in human kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pawlak
- Unité INSERM 99, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France
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17
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Bauerfeind P, Hof R, Hof A, Cucala M, Siegrist S, von Ritter C, Fischer JA, Blum AL. Effects of hCGRP I and II on gastric blood flow and acid secretion in anesthetized rabbits. Am J Physiol 1989; 256:G145-9. [PMID: 2783534 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.1989.256.1.g145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Effects of intravenously administered human calcitonin gene-related peptides (hCGRP) I and II on regional blood flow and gastric acid secretion were examined in barbiturate-anesthetized rabbits. Blood flow was measured by injection of radioactively labeled microspheres at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min. hCGRP I and II and vehicle were infused intravenously in five rabbits in rising doses of 0.01 (0-10th min), 0.03 (11-20th min), and 0.1 microgram.kg-1.min-1 (21-30th min). hCGRP I and II increased gastric blood flow dose dependently. Moreover, hCGRP I raised regional conductance (inverse of vascular resistance) in the stomach, duodenum, heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. As a result of the increased total peripheral conductance the mean arterial pressure was reduced, but the cardiac output remained unchanged. hCGRP II increased blood flow and conductance selectively in the stomach and the pancreas. The total peripheral conductance and mean arterial pressure remained unchanged. Apparently, hCGRP II exerts a more localized effect on the stomach than hCGRP I. hCGRP I and II did not affect basal gastric acid secretion. Pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion was increased by 28% with hCGRP I (0.025 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) and decreased by 27% with hCGRP II (0.025 micrograms.kg-1.min-1). The inverse effect of hCGRP I and II and the parallel stimulation of blood flow brought about with hCGRP I and II indicate a different mode of action of the peptides on gastric blood flow and gastric acid secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bauerfeind
- Division de Gastroenterologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Pawlak A, Lahuna O, Bulle F, Suzuki A, Ferry N, Siegrist S, Chikhi N, Chobert MN, Guellaen G, Laperche Y. gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase: a single copy gene in the rat and a multigene family in the human genome. J Biol Chem 1988; 263:9913-6. [PMID: 2898474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) genomic sequences were isolated from rat and human libraries using a rat GGT cDNA as a cross-species hybridization probe. Characterization of the human GGT clones by restriction mapping clearly establishes that at least four different GGT genes or pseudogenes are present in the human genome. All the rat genomic clones cover a 12.5-kilobase sequence and exhibit a unique restriction pattern. A precise quantitation of the rat GGT gene copy number by Southern blot analysis demonstrates that this sequence is present as a single copy/rat haploid genome. Therefore, the GGT gene organization is different between rat and human species; this raises the possibility of different regulatory mechanisms in the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pawlak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 99, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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Pawlak A, Lahuna O, Bulle F, Suzuki A, Ferry N, Siegrist S, Chikhi N, Chobert MN, Guellaen G, Laperche Y. gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase: a single copy gene in the rat and a multigene family in the human genome. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)81604-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Bulle F, Mattei MG, Siegrist S, Pawlak A, Passage E, Chobert MN, Laperche Y, Guellaën G. Assignment of the human gamma-glutamyl transferase gene to the long arm of chromosome 22. Hum Genet 1987; 76:283-6. [PMID: 2885259 DOI: 10.1007/bf00283624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We have determined the chromosomal location of the human gene for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). This study was done by in situ hybridization of human metaphase spreads with a rat cDNA probe specific for this enzyme and constructed from two clones previously characterized in our laboratory. The final construct had a 1.6-kb-long insert covering 92% of the coding sequence for GGT. The new insert was also freed of any GC tails introduced for the cDNA cloning, because we observed that these sequences were responsible for a high background. Using this probe for the analysis of 136 human metaphase spreads, we observed a strong specific signal on chromosome 22 at the interface of q111-112 and a minor peak in q131. Thus GGT might represent a new marker for the study of certain diseases which have chromosomal abnormalities at these loci.
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Siegrist S, Moreau N, Le Goffic F. About the specificity of photoinduced affinity labeling of Escherichia coli ribosomes by dihydrorosaramicin, a macrolide related to erythromycin. Eur J Biochem 1985; 153:131-5. [PMID: 3905404 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1985.tb09278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivation of the [3H]dihydrorosaramicin chromophore at a wavelength above 300 nm allows the covalent attachment of the macrolide antibiotic to the bacterial ribosome. Bidimensional electrophoresis shows that the radioactivity is mainly associated with proteins L1, L5, L6, L15, L18, L19, S1, S3, S4, S5 and S9. When photoincorporation of the drug is conducted in the presence of puromycin as effector of [3H]dihydrorosaramicin-binding sites, a decrease in the labeling of most proteins is observed, except for L18 and L19, which are radiolabeled to a larger extent. These results allow us to speculate that L18 and L19 belong to the high-affinity binding site of rosaramicin antibiotic.
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Siegrist S, Velitchkovitch S, Moreau N, Le Goffic F. Effect of P and A site substrates on the binding of a macrolide to ribosomes. Analysis of the puromycin-induced stimulation. Eur J Biochem 1984; 143:23-6. [PMID: 6381054 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1984.tb08333.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The puromycin-induced stimulation of [3H]dihydrorosaramicin binding is due to a twofold increase in affinity of the macrolide antibiotic, with no change in the number of binding sites. Conversely, the binding of [3H]puromycin (A site) is stimulated by rosaramicin. The synergistic effect observed between the two antibiotics can be explained by a conformational change with positive effect, which occurs at the level of their binding sites. Various effectors of [3H]dihydrorosaramicin binding have been tested. Adenosine and dimethyladenosine stimulate the binding; phenylalanine, uridine and gougerotin (A site) have no effect whereas AMP, ADP, ATP, GTP, puromycin 5'-phosphate and lincomycin (P site) are inhibitors. These results point to the importance of the purine moiety in the stimulatory effect and of the phosphate function in reversing this effect. It is concluded that rosaramicin binds to the ribosomal P site and that the synergism observed between rosaramicin and puromycin may be related to interactions between the A and P sites.
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Siegrist S, Velitchkovitch S, Le Goffic F, Moreau N. Mechanism of action of a 16-membered macrolide. Characteristics of dihydrorosaramicin binding to Escherichia coli ribosome and the effects of some competitors. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1982; 35:866-74. [PMID: 6757230 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.35.866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The macrolide [3H]dihydrorosaramicin binds specifically to 50S and 70S bacterial ribosomal particles. We have studied the influence of salts, pH and additives on the interaction and found that the optimum requirement for salts was 10 mM trs-HCl (pH 7.6), 6 mM MgCl2, 60 mM NH4Cl, and that beta-mercaptoethanol which reacts on rosaramicin and its dihydro derivative cannot be used. The parameters of the binding were not dependent on the technique used, i.e. equilibrium dialysis, ethanol precipitation or two-phase partitioning. In our search for effectors of this binding, we have found that it is inhibited by other macrolides, little effected by tobramycin and chloramphenicol and enhanced by puromycin.
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Siegrist S, Lagouardat J, Moreau N, LeGoffic F. Mechanism of action of a 16-membered macrolide. Binding of rosaramicin to the Escherichia coli ribosome and its subunits. Eur J Biochem 1981; 115:323-7. [PMID: 6786880 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb05241.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Rosaramicin is a new macrolide antibiotic with activity similar to that of erythromycin. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of [3H]dihydrorosaramicin and show by sucrose gradient centrifugation, gel exclusion chromatography and equilibrium dialysis that rosaramicin and its dihydroderivative bind specifically to the 70-S ribosome and 50-S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli. Binding to the 30-S subunit is not detectable. The parameters of the binding interaction were evaluated by equilibrium dialysis. The affinities of E. coli ribosomes for rosaramicin and dihydrorosaramicin are in good agreement with the minimal inhibitory concentration of these drugs for microorganisms.
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LeGoffic F, Moreau N, Chevelot L, Langrene S, Siegrist S. [Purification of the bacterial ribosome using chloramphenicol and erythromycin columns]. Biochimie 1980; 62:69-77. [PMID: 6988016 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(80)80372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chloramphenicol and erythromycin are antibiotics whose target is the bacterial ribosome. We have studied the possibility of isolating the bacterial ribosome by affinity chromatography on chloramphenicol and erythromycin columns. Several columns have been prepared using different spacers and methods of attachment of the ligands (cyanogen bromide, bis-expoxyde). The efficiency and specificity of these columns is discussed. Ethylene diamine is not always suitable as a spacer, because it presents non specific affinity for the ribosome. Pure tight ribosomes have been prepared by ultracentrifugation. They have been compared to ribosomes from affinity columns. These columns have no denaturing effect on ribosomes. They allow a good purification of ribosomes starting from crude bacterial extracts, but the separation of tight couples from loose subunits is not possible.
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