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Li Y, Gan S, Luo L, Yang W, Mo L, Shang C. Optimization of Molasses and Soybean Meal Content to Enhance Tetramethylpyrazine Yield by Bacillus sp. TTMP20. Molecules 2023; 28:6515. [PMID: 37764292 PMCID: PMC10535143 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial fermentation for the production of tetramethylpyrazine (TTMP) is considered to be the most promising method, and the development of a cheap fermentation substrate is of great importance for large-scale TTMP production. In this study, inexpensive by-products from the food industry, i.e., molasses and soybean meal (instead of glucose and tryptone), were used as substrates for TTMP fermentation. The pretreatment of soybean meal was explored in order to achieve a better fermentation effect. The contents of each component in the fermentation medium were optimized by central composite design (CCD). The optimum contents were as follows: 72.5 g/L of molasses, 37.4 g/L of diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP), 53.4 g/L of soybean meal, and 5 g/L of yeast powder. The software predicted a maximum TTMP yield of 1469.03 mg/L, and the actual TTMP yield was 1328.95 mg/L for the validation experiment in the optimum medium. Under the optimum conditions (72.5 g/L of molasses, 37.4 g/L of DAP, 53.4 g/L of soybean meal, and 5 g/L of yeast powder), the actual maximum TTMP yield (1328.95 mg/L) in this study was much higher than the TTMP yield (895.13 mg/L) under the conditions (150 g/L of molasses, 30 g/L of DAP, 30 g/L of tryptone, and 10 g/L of yeast powder) of our previous study published in Molecules. In this study, the TTMP yield improved by 48.46%, with decreased molasses (more than half), decreased yeast powder (half) and by-product soybean meal instead of tryptone compared to our previous study. In summary, the cheaper fermentation medium had a higher TTMP yield in this study, which improves the application potential of Bacillus sp. TTMP20.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Changhua Shang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin 541006, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (L.L.); (W.Y.); (L.M.)
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Li Y, Luo L, Ding X, Zhang X, Gan S, Shang C. Production of Tetramethylpyrazine from Cane Molasses by Bacillus sp. TTMP20. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062640. [PMID: 36985611 PMCID: PMC10054849 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine (TTMP) is an active ingredient of Ligusticum wallichii Franch. It can be used in medicine and food fields. In this study, Bacillus sp. TTMP20 was applied to produce TTMP using cane molasses as a carbon source. After pretreatment with phosphoric acid, 170 mL/L treated molasses, combined with 10 g/L yeast powder, 30 g/L tryptone and 30 g/L (NH4)2HPO4 were used for fermentation. After 36 h, TTMP output reached the highest value of 208.8 mg/L. The yield of TTMP using phosphoric acid-treated molasses as carbon source was 145.59% higher than control. Under the sulfuric acid treatment process of molasses (150 g), the maximum yield of TTMP was 895.13 mg/L, which was 183.18% higher than that of untreated molasses (316.1 mg/L). This study demonstrated that molasses is a high-quality and inexpensive carbon source for the manufacture of TTMP, laying the groundwork for the future industrial production of TTMP.
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Lim Z, Gan S, Lim A, Lee C, Tan C. CASE REPORT: A SUCCESSFUL PREGNANCY IN AN ERA PATIENT WITH A RECEPTIVE ENDOMETRIUM AT 190±3 HOURS (DAY 8) OF PROGESTERONE. Reprod Biomed Online 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chan A, Gan S, Tan S, Lim A, Lee C. Prevalence of mosaicism in day 5 vs. day 6 human blastocysts. Reprod Biomed Online 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
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Gan S, Liang S, Zou Q, Shang C. Optimization of carotenoid extraction of a halophilic microalgae. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270650. [PMID: 35917330 PMCID: PMC9345481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dunaliella parva can produce abundant carotenoids under certain conditions. This paper optimized the extraction efficiency of carotenoids from D. parva. Different organic solvents were examined to determine the most suitable solvent for the extraction. After the determination of the solvent (dimethylsulfoxide, DMSO), the extraction conditions including time, temperature, and volume were then optimized to maximize the extraction efficiency of carotenoids from D. parva using response surface methodology. DMSO was identified as the most suitable solvent. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: temperature of 57.2°C, time of 11.35 min, the volume of 410 μl, and the optimal extraction efficiency reached 0.517‰. The results showed that the optimal extraction efficiency (0.517‰) improved 31.69% in comparison to the initial extraction efficiency (0.3926‰). In addition, The optimal levels of three influence factors (temperature of 57.2°C, time of 11.35 min, volume of 410 μl) decreased compared with the initial levels (temperature of 60°C, time of 20 min, volume of 1000 μl). In this paper, Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to optimize the extraction efficiency of carotenoids from D. parva, which would lay the groundwork for the extraction and utilization of carotenoids from D. parva in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanling Gan
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shengjia Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiman Zou
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Changhua Shang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Shang C, Li Y, Zhang J, Gan S. Analysis of Bacterial Diversity in Different Types of Daqu and Fermented Grains From Danquan Distillery. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:883122. [PMID: 35865918 PMCID: PMC9295720 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.883122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial communities in high-temperature Daqu and fermented grains are important for brewing Jiang-flavor Baijiu such as Danquan Baijiu. Daqu is a saccharifying and fermenting agent, which has a significant impact on the flavor of Baijiu. However, bacterial communities in three different types of samples from the Danquan distillery (dqjq_ck, dqjqcp, and dqjp3) were still unclear, which limited further development of Danquan Baijiu. “dqjq_ck” and “dqjqcp” indicate high-temperature Daqu at days 45 and 135, respectively. “dqjp3” indicates fermented grains. In this study, the bacterial communities of three samples were analyzed by Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing. The bacterial communities of three samples primarily composed of thermophilic bacteria and bacteria with stress resistance. The most abundant species in dqjq_ck, dqjqcp, and dqjp3 were Comamonas, Bacillus, and unclassified Lactobacillales, respectively. The main bacteria included Bacillus, Comamonas, Myroides, Paenibacillus, Acetobacter, Kroppenstedtia, Staphylococcus, Saccharopolyspora, Planifilum, Lactobacillus, Acinetobacter, Oceanobacillus, Enterococcus, Thermoactinomyces, Lactococcus, Streptomyces, Saccharomonospora, Tepidimicrobium, Anaerosalibacter, unclassified_Lactobacillales, unclassified_Thermoactinomycetaceae_1, unclassified_Bacillaceae_2, unclassified_Bacillales, unclassified_Microbacteriaceae, unclassified_Rhodobacteraceae, unclassified_Actinopolysporineae, and unclassified_Flavobacteriaceae in three samples (percentage was more than 1% in one of three samples). In our study, the succession of microbiota in three samples representing three important stages of Danquan Baijiu brewing was revealed. This article lays a good foundation for understanding the fermentation mechanism and screening some excellent indigenous bacteria to improve the quality of Danquan Baijiu in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhua Shang
- College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Changhua Shang
| | - Yujia Li
- College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
| | - Shanling Gan
- College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, China
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Akhtar D, Donaldson MA, Akhtar NH, Owen D, Gan S. A258 ROSAI-DORFMAN0-DESTOMBES DISEASE: A RARE CAUSE OF OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2022. [PMCID: PMC8859387 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab049.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes Disease (RDD) is rare histiocytic disorder that is most frequently seen in children and young adults. Gastrointestinal involvement is reported in <1% of cases and typically involves the small bowel and colon. Pancreatic and hepatic involvement has been previously reported but is extremely rare. Aims To describe a case of obstructive jaundice in the setting of a very rare histiocytic disorder known as RDD. Methods Case Report Results A 59-year old previously healthy male of Asian descent presented with obstructive jaundice. Initial imaging demonstrated intra and extrahepatic biliary duct dilation with concurrent diffuse enlargement of the pancreas compatible with autoimmune pancreatitis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed with stenting and biopsy. ERCP demonstrated a distal common bile duct stricture with biopsies suggestive of low grade reactive changes and inflammation. Subsequent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided biopsy of the pancreas showed active and chronic inflammation, necrosis, and atrophic pancreatic tissue, with no definitive evidence of autoimmune pancreatitis (Figure 1). Ca-19-9 and IgG4 were normal. He was treated with a course of prednisone and responded well, with repeat CT imaging showing almost complete resolution of the previously demonstrated pancreatic changes. A diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis was made. He re-presented 6-months later, however, with fatigue and repeat imaging now displayed lymphadenopathy in the neck, chest, and abdomen, and a bulky pancreatic head with associated hepatomegaly. Lymph node excisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of RDD with the presence of scattered histiocytic cells showing emperipolesis with a low number of IgG4 positive cells (Figure 1). The patient was promptly initiated on prednisone and rituximab and has since then had excellent clinical response. Conclusions RDD is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis of unknown etiology that has a prevalence of 1:200 000. RDD clinically presents with painless bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy and can manifest with both nodal and extra nodal involvement. The most common sites of extra nodal disease are the skin and central nervous system, but rarely, can also present with pancreatic involvement. The use of fine needle guided biopsy in diagnosing RDD with extra nodal disease can be limited by low yield, sclerotic tissue, or non-diagnostic findings. For this reason, RDD with pancreatic involvement can masquerade as autoimmune pancreatitis, pancreatic malignancy and IgG4-related disease.This case report raises awareness about RDD with pancreatic and biliary involvement, a rare entity, that can present with obstructive jaundice. ![]()
Figure 1: Histological sections of lymph node(left) with hystiocytic cells showing emperipolesis(arrow) and pancreas(right) showing active and chronic inflamation, necrosis and atrophy Funding Agencies None
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Affiliation(s)
- D Akhtar
- Medicine, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M A Donaldson
- The University of British Columbia Department of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N H Akhtar
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Owen
- The University of British Columbia Department of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Gan
- Medicine, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Motomura D, Gan S, Byrne M, Donnellan F. A113 ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH SURGICALLY ALTERED ANATOMY IN A CANADIAN TERTIARY REFERRAL CENTRE. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab049.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has become a mainstay of diagnosis and treatment of pancreatobiliary conditions. Surgically altered anatomy presents unique challenges in the procedure, necessitating creative solutions such as different types of endoscopes and tools. Distinct from regular anatomy, forward viewing scopes are often required for successful cannulation and therapy of the pancreaticobiliary system. To our knowledge, there is limited data on the practice of ERCP in altered anatomy in Canada.
Aims
Our aim is to present outcomes from a large series of patients with surgically altered anatomy who underwent ERCP at a large Canadian referral centre.
Methods
All ERCP procedures at a tertiary referral centre in Vancouver, Canada from Oct 2020 to Oct 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Inclusion criteria required surgically altered anatomy and attempted ERCP. Liver transplant patients with duct-to-duct anastomosis were not included in the series. Patients with incomplete procedure documentation were excluded. Demographic, procedural and outcome data were collected. Results are presented descriptively and as median + IQR for quantitative data. Procedural success was defined as cannulation and performance of a cholangiogram and/or pancreatogram
Results
A total of 34 procedures met the inclusion criteria during the study period. Twenty-four procedures were on male patients (71%). Nineteen patients (56%) had had previous ERCP. Sixteen patients (47%) had choledocholithasis as the indication for the procedure, 9 patients (26%) had cholangitis and 5 patients (15%) had concerns of neoplasia. Some patients had multiple indications. Seventeen patients (50%) had roux-en-Y anatomy, 8 patients (24%) were post Whipple’s and 6 patients (18%) had Billroth II type anatomy. Other altered anatomy included duodenal switch, and post gastrojejunostomy bypass. The most commonly used endoscope was the adult or pediatric colonoscope (74% of cases). Single balloon enteroscope was used in 5 cases (15%). Overall success rate was 74%. The breakdown of success rate by anatomy is shown in Table 1. One (3%) complication was noted in the form of mild cholangitis, requiring only outpatient antibiotics.
Conclusions
Experience in ERCP in patients with altered anatomy is becoming more pertinent in tertiary care. Cannulation and therapy is more difficult in this cohort, but still successful in the majority of cases. Adverse events remain uncommon. Knowledge of forward viewing ERCP techniques is critical in surgically altered anatomy. Future studies will aim to expand the retrospective cohort for more quantitative analysis.
Funding Agencies
None
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Affiliation(s)
- D Motomura
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Gan
- Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Byrne
- Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - F Donnellan
- Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Fetz A, Gan S. A125 SNARE TIP SPRAY COAGULATION FOR NON-CONTACT HEMOSTASIS: A SINGLE OPERATOR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab002.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
An emerging non-contact endoscopic method for hemostasis is the use of spray coagulation (SC) using a polypectomy snare tip. Other non-contact options, such as argon plasma coagulation (APC), can be inconvenient and costly. Our current practice includes using SC where APC would be traditionally indicated.
Aims
The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical outcomes, including rates of successful hemostasis, rebleeding, and complications, for snare tip SC in hemostasis.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent therapeutic endoscopy for hemostasis using snare tip SC by a single operator at a large Canadian tertiary care centre between January 2018 and September 2020.
Results
14 patients, including 10 males and 4 females, were included. 5 (35%) patients received SC during an EGD, 5 (35%) patients during a colonoscopy, and 4 (29%) patients during a small bowel enteroscopy. Mean age was 74.4 (±11). All patients were referred for work-up of gastrointestinal bleeding or anemia. 5 (35%) patients were treated for vascular lesions including AVMs or angioectasias, 4 (29%) patients for GAVE, 3 (21%) patients for radiation proctitis, and 2 (14%) patients for bleeding ulcers. Adequate hemostasis, defined by cessation of bleeding symptoms, lack of a 10g/L or more decrease in hemoglobin post-procedure, and no further endoscopic therapies in the subsequent 28 days, was achieved in 11 patients (79%). 2 of the 3 patients in which adequate hemostasis was not achieved had additional investigations in which a second source of bleeding was found and treated. 1 patient with colonic AVMs and 1 patient with radiation proctitis required a repeat treatment in 2 weeks and 6 months, respectively. There were no incidence of prolonged abdominal pain, perforations or deaths.
Conclusions
Snare tip spray coagulation appears to be a safe and effective modality for non-contact hemostasis. Larger studies will help solidify its use in daily practice.
Funding Agencies
None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fetz
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Gan
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Sun Q, Liu Q, Di R, Wang Y, Gan S, Liu S, Wang X, Hu W, Cao X, Pan Z, Guo X, Yang Y, Rushdi H, Chu M. Polymorphism and Comparative Expression Analysis of THRSP Gene in Fat-Tailed and Thin-Tailed Sheep Breeds. PAK J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190822070832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Takeuchi H, Ishida T, Satou Y, Gohda J, Kitamura H, Gan S, Takahashi K, Yamaoka S. Genome-wide RNAi screen identifies MAPK-RPK required for HIV-1 proviral silencing in non-T cell reservoir cell-line model. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Bellinge J, Macdonald W, Gan S, Chew G, Vickery A, Lewis J, Watts G, Francis R, Schultz C. Improving Understanding of the Bone-Vascular Axis with the Use of 18F-Sodium Fluoride Positron Emission Tomography. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bellinge J, Macdoland W, Gan S, Chew G, Vikcery A, Lewis J, Watts G, Francis R, Schultz C. Improving Risk Stratification in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus; an 18F-Sodium Fluoride Positron Emission Tomography Study. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Teneggi V, Ng M, Tan D, Subbiah V, Weekes C, Diermayr V, Ethirajulu K, Yeo P, Chen D, Gan S, Blanchard S, Nellore R, Lee M, Hill J, Virshup D, Madan B, Matter A. 152O A phase 1, first-in-human dose escalation study of ETC-159 in advanced or metastatic solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw579.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Teneggi V, Ng M, Tan D, Subbiah V, Weekes C, Diermayr V, Ethirajulu K, Yeo P, Chen D, Gan S, Blanchard S, Nellore R, Lee M, Hill J, Virshup D, Madan B, Matter A. 152O A phase 1, first-in-human dose escalation study of ETC-159 in advanced or metastatic solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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16
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Davis S, Gan S, Jaspan D, Goldberg J. CystoSure® at Time of Hysterectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Li J, Hoeppner C, Gan S, Blair A, Min K, Sims A, Tietz A, Vinas M, Rehage T, Malhotra K, Halait H, Brophy V. An extended KRAS mutation test for the detection of 28 common mutations in FFPET and plasma specimens. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw363.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Gan S, Song L, Chen W, Feng Z, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhu S. Strength and sensation after epidural ropivacaine in men and women. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:1060-5. [PMID: 25919788 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Gan
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - L. Song
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - W. Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Women's Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Z. Feng
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Y. Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Shaoxing Peoples' Hospital; Shaoxing China
| | - J. Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - S. Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology; the First Affiliated Hospital; College of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
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Yap CL, Gan S, Ng HK. Application of vegetable oils in the treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soils. J Hazard Mater 2010; 177:28-41. [PMID: 20006435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A brief review is conducted on the application of vegetable oils in the treatment of PAH-contaminated soils. Three main scopes of treatment strategies are discussed in this work including soil washing by oil, integrated oil-biological treatment and integrated oil-non-biological treatment. For each of these, the arguments supporting vegetable oil application, the applied treatment techniques and their efficiencies, associated factors, as well as the feasibility of the techniques are detailed. Additionally, oil regeneration, the environmental impacts of oil residues in soil and comparison with other commonly employed techniques are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Yap
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Gan S, Lau EV, Ng HK. Remediation of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). J Hazard Mater 2009; 172:532-549. [PMID: 19700241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic micropollutants which are resistant to environmental degradation due to their highly hydrophobic nature. Concerns over their adverse health effects have resulted in extensive studies on the remediation of soils contaminated with PAHs. This paper aims to provide a review of the remediation technologies specifically for PAH-contaminated soils. The technologies discussed here include solvent extraction, bioremediation, phytoremediation, chemical oxidation, photocatalytic degradation, electrokinetic remediation, thermal treatment and integrated remediation technologies. For each of these, the theories are discussed in conjunction with comparative evaluation of studies reported in the specialised literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Swartzberg D, Dai N, Gan S, Amasino R, Granot D. Effects of cytokinin production under two SAG promoters on senescence and development of tomato plants. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2006; 8:579-86. [PMID: 16883480 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-924240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Two promoters of senescence-associated ARABIDOPSIS genes, SAG12 and SAG13, were used in tomato plants to express IPT that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in cytokinin biosynthesis. Expression of these heterologous promoters in tomato plants was analyzed using the reporter gene beta-glucuronidase. Both promoters are expressed in tomato leaves in a manner similar to their expression in ARABIDOPSIS plants. The SAG12 promoter is very specific to senescing leaves, whereas the SAG13 promoter is expressed in mature leaves prior to the onset of visible senescence and its expression increases in senescing leaves. Expression of both promoters in tomato tissues other than leaves was very low . IPT expressed under the control of SAG12 and SAG13 promoters ( PSAG12::IPT and PSAG13::IPT, respectively) resulted in suppression of leaf senescence and advanced flowering, as well as in a slight increase in fruit weight and fruit total soluble solids (TSS). However, expression of PSAG13::IPT also led to stem thickening, short internodal distances and loss of apical dominance. In contrast to the autoregulation of PSAG12::IPT, PSAG13::IPT is expressed at higher levels in mature leaves. This difference is likely due to PSAG13::IPT exhibiting two phases of expression - a senescence-independent expression prior to the onset of senescence that is not subjected to autoregulation by cytokinin, and enhanced expression throughout senescence which is autoregualted by cytokinin. This moderate different autoregulated behavior of PSAG12::IPT and PSAG13::IPT markedly influenced plant development, emphasizing the biological effects of cytokinin in addition to senescence inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Swartzberg
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
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Jin E, Ma D, Liang Y, Ji A, Gan S. MRI findings of eosinophilic myelomeningoencephalitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Clin Radiol 2005; 60:242-50. [PMID: 15664579 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2004.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2004] [Revised: 04/26/2004] [Accepted: 05/04/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study the imaging characteristics of eosinophilic myelomeningoencephalitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen MRI examinations of the brain and spinal cord in five patients with angiostrongyliasis cantonensis of the central nervous system were performed. The final diagnosis was based on typical clinical symptoms, results of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests, and the presence of nematode larvae in the CSF. The sequential MRI follow-up examinations were carried out at a different stage for every patient from 1 to 28 weeks after the onset of symptoms. The features of the lesions in the brain, spinal cord, meninges and nerve roots on MRI were studied, moreover, the development of the lesions was analysed on follow-up MRI. RESULTS Abnormalities were demonstrated on MRI in all five cases. They included three cases of meningoencephalitis, one case of encephalitis and one myelomeningitis. The locations and appearances of the lesions were as follows: (1) brain involvement in four cases (including cerebrum in four, cerebellum in two and brain stem in three), and spinal cord involvement in one case. These lesions were diffuse or scattered and appeared as similar or slightly reduced signal intensity on T1-weighted images (T1WI), high signal intensity on T2-weighted images (T2WI) and turbo fluid attenuated inversion recovery pulse sequence (FLAIR) images. After administration of gadolinium chelate (Gd-DTPA), multiple round or oval enhancing nodules, with diameters ranging from 3 to 10 mm, were seen on T1WI, a few lesions appeared as stick-shaped enhancement whose longest measurement was 14 mm. Diffuse or local oedema around the lesion could be seen. (2) Meningeal involvement in four cases, a case of ependymal involvement and a case of nerve root involvement were among them. These lesions appeared as linear or nodular enhancement of the leptomeninges and ependyma, as well as nerve root enhancement. (3) There was a mild ventricular enlargement in two cases. On follow-up MRI lesions were most severe from the 5th week to the 8th week and it took at least 4-8 weeks (1-2 months) for a lesion to resolve completely, the resolution of larger lesion needed more than 22 weeks. CONCLUSION Multiple enhancing nodules in the brain and linear enhancement in the leptomeninges were the main features; stick-shaped enhancement was the characteristic sign of the disease on Gd-DTPA enhanced-T1 weighted images.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jin
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliate of Capital University of Medical Sciences, 95 Yong-An Road, Beijing 100050, China.
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He Y, Gan S. Identical promoter elements are involved in regulation of the OPR1 gene by senescence and jasmonic acid in Arabidopsis. Plant Mol Biol 2001; 47:595-605. [PMID: 11725945 DOI: 10.1023/a:1012211011538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Like other developmental processes, the terminal phase of leaf development, generally referred to as leaf senescence. regulates a subset of genes whose transcript abundances are increased during senescence. Jasmonic acid (JA), a plant growth regulator, also regulates the expression of subsets of genes in many aspects of plant growth and development, including leaf senescence. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which senescence and JA modulate gene expression are poorly understood. During an effort to isolate senescence-associated genes, we identified an Arabidopsis enhancer trap line in which the reporter gene GUS is up-regulated by both senescence and JA. The T-DNA tagged gene was subsequently cloned using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL-PCR). This gene encodes a 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid-10,11-reductase (OPR1). Consistent with the GUS expression data, RNA gel blot analysis showed that OPR1 was indeed up-regulated by both senescence and JA. Promoter deletion analysis and linker-scanning mutagenesis assays were employed to unveil the molecular bases of OPR1 regulation by senescence and JA. Two regulatory cis elements, namely JASE1 (5'-CGTCAATGAA-3') and JASE2 (5'-CATACGTCGTCAA-3'), in the promoter region of the gene, were identified. While JASE2 contains a mixed A/C box-like motif, JASE1 represents a new motif without any signature sequence so far reported. Both elements were required for the up-regulation of OPR1 by leaf senescence and JA. suggesting that leaf senescence and JA may share a common molecular mechanism for modulating OPR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Plant Physiology/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Program, Department of Agronomy and Tobacco and Health Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0236, USA
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Abstract
A typical eukaryotic promoter consists of a minimal promoter and other upstream cis elements. The minimal promoter is essentially a TATA box region where RNA polymerase II, TATA-binding protein (TBP), and TBP-associated factors (TAFs) bind to initiate transcription, but minimal promoters alone have no transcriptional activity. The cis elements, to which tissue-specific or development-specific transcription factors bind, individually or in combination, determine the spatio-temporal expression pattern of a promoter at the transcriptional level. The arrangement of upstream cis elements followed by a minimal promoter sets the polarity of the promoter. Promoters in plants that have been cloned and widely used for both basic research and biotechnological application are generally unidirectional, directing only one gene that has been fused at its 3' end (downstream). It is often necessary to introduce multiple genes into plants for metabolic engineering and trait stacking. It is also desirable to minimize or avoid repeated use of a single promoter that may cause transcriptional gene silencing. Here we describe a strategy to make polar promoters bidirectional so that one promoter can direct the expression of two genes, one on each end of the promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Xie
- Plant Physiology/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Program, Department of Agronomy and Tobacco and Health Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0236, USA
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He Y, Tang W, Swain JD, Green AL, Jack TP, Gan S. Networking senescence-regulating pathways by using Arabidopsis enhancer trap lines. Plant Physiol 2001; 126:707-16. [PMID: 11402199 PMCID: PMC111161 DOI: 10.1104/pp.126.2.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2001] [Revised: 03/26/2001] [Accepted: 04/03/2001] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The last phase of leaf development, generally referred to as leaf senescence, is an integral part of plant development that involves massive programmed cell death. Due to a sharp decline of photosynthetic capacity in a leaf, senescence limits crop yield and forest plant biomass production. However, the biochemical components and regulatory mechanisms underlying leaf senescence are poorly characterized. Although several approaches such as differential cDNA screening, differential display, and cDNA subtraction have been employed to isolate senescence-associated genes (SAGs), only a limited number of SAGs have been identified, and information regarding the regulation of these genes is fragmentary. Here we report on the utilization of enhancer trap approach toward the identification and analysis of SAGs. We have developed a sensitive large-scale screening method and have screened 1,300 Arabidopsis enhancer trap lines and have identified 147 lines in which the reporter gene GUS (beta-glucuronidase) is expressed in senescing leaves but not in non-senescing ones. We have systematically analyzed the regulation of beta-glucuronidase expression in 125 lines (genetically, each contains single T-DNA insertion) by six senescence-promoting factors, namely abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroid, darkness, and dehydration. This analysis not only reveals the complexity of the regulatory circuitry but also allows us to postulate the existence of a network of senescence-promoting pathways. We have also cloned three SAGs from randomly selected enhancer trap lines, demonstrating that reporter expression pattern reflects the expression pattern of the endogenous gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Plant Physiology/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Program, Department of Agronomy and Tobacco and Health Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0236, USA
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Wang E, Wang R, DeParasis J, Loughrin JH, Gan S, Wagner GJ. Suppression of a P450 hydroxylase gene in plant trichome glands enhances natural-product-based aphid resistance. Nat Biotechnol 2001; 19:371-4. [PMID: 11283597 DOI: 10.1038/86770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Trichome glands on the surface of many higher plants produce and secrete exudates affecting insects, microbes, and herbivores. Metabolic engineering of gland exudation has potential for improving pest/disease resistance, and for facilitating molecular farming. We identified a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase gene specific to the trichome gland and used both antisense and sense co-suppression strategies to investigate its function. P450-suppressed transgenic tobacco plants showed a > or =41% decrease in the predominant exudate component, cembratriene-diol (CBT-diol), and a > or =19-fold increase in its precursor, cembratriene-ol (CBT-ol). Thus, the level of CBT-ol was raised from 0.2 to > or =4.3% of leaf dry weight. Exudate from antisense-expressing plants had higher aphidicidal activity, and transgenic plants with exudate containing high concentrations of CBT-ol showed greatly diminished aphid colonization responses. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of significantly modifying the natural-product chemical composition and aphid-interactive properties of gland exudates using metabolic engineering. The results also have implications for molecular farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wang
- Plant Physiology/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Program, Agronomy Department, N212 ASCN, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
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27
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Gan S, Liang Y, Baer DR, Sievers MR, Herman GS, Peden CHF. Effect of Platinum Nanocluster Size and Titania Surface Structure upon CO Surface Chemistry on Platinum-Supported TiO2(110). J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp003125z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pontier D, Gan S, Amasino RM, Roby D, Lam E. Markers for hypersensitive response and senescence show distinct patterns of expression. Plant Mol Biol 1999; 39:1243-55. [PMID: 10380810 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006133311402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Controlled cellular suicide is an important process that can be observed in various organs during plant development. From the generation of proper sexual organs in monoecious plants to the hypersensitive response (HR) that occurs during incompatible pathogen interactions, programmed cell death (PCD) can be readily observed. Although several biochemical and morphological parameters have been described for various types of cell death in plants, the relationships existing between those different types of PCD events remain unclear. In this work, we set out to examine if two early molecular markers of HR cell death (HIN1 and HSR203J) as well as a senescence marker (SAG12) are coordinately induced during these processes. Our result indicates that although there is evidence of some cross-talk between both cell death pathways, spatial and temporal characteristics of activation for these markers during hypersensitive response and senescence are distinct. These observations indicate that these markers are relatively specific for different cell death programs. Interestingly, they also revealed that a senescence-like process seems to be triggered at the periphery of the HR necrotic lesion. This suggests that cells committed to die during the HR might release a signal able to induce senescence in the neighboring cells. This phenomenon could correspond to the establishment of a second barrier against pathogens. Lastly, we used those cell death markers to better characterize cell death induced by copper and we showed that this abiotic induced cell death presents similarities with HR cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pontier
- Center for Agricultural Molecular Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Cook College, New Brunswick, 08901-0231, USA
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Weaver LM, Gan S, Quirino B, Amasino RM. A comparison of the expression patterns of several senescence-associated genes in response to stress and hormone treatment. Plant Mol Biol 1998; 37:455-69. [PMID: 9617813 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005934428906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The expression of several Arabidopsis thaliana senescence-associated genes (SAGs) in attached and/or detached leaves was compared in response to age, dehydration, darkness, abscisic acid, cytokinin, and ethylene treatments. Most of the SAGs responded to most of the treatments in a similar fashion. Detachment in darkness and ethylene were the strongest inducers of both SAGs and visible yellowing. Detachment in light was also a strong inducer of SAGs, but not of visible yellowing. The other treatments varied more in their effects on individual SAGs. Responses were examined in both older and younger leaves, and generally were much stronger in the older ones. Individual SAGs differed from the norms in different ways, however, suggesting that their gene products play a role in overlapping but not identical circumstances. Some SAGs responded quickly to treatments, which may indicate a direct response. Others responded more slowly, which may indicate an indirect response via treatment-induced senescence. Four new SAGs were isolated as part of this work, one of which shows strong similarity to late embryogenesis-abundant (Lea) genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Weaver
- Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 53706, USA
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Gan S. Gender Differences in Care of Medicare Patients With Myocardial Infarction: National Results and Regional Variations From the Cooperative Cardiovascular Project (CCP). J Am Coll Cardiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(97)88284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gan S, Amasino RM. Making Sense of Senescence (Molecular Genetic Regulation and Manipulation of Leaf Senescence). Plant Physiol 1997; 113:313-319. [PMID: 12223609 PMCID: PMC158144 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.2.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Gan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, 420 Henry Mall, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1569
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Abstract
Controlling expression of IPT, a gene encoding isopentenyltransferase (the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in cytokinin biosynthesis), with a senescence-specific promoter results in the suppression of leaf senescence. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing this chimeric gene do not exhibit the developmental abnormalities usually associated with IPT expression because the system is autoregulatory. Because sufficient cytokinin is produced to retard senescence, the activity of the senescence-specific promoter is attenulated. Senescence-retarded leaves exhibit a prolonged, photosythetically active life-span. This result demonstrates that endogenously produced cytokinin can regulate senescence and provides a system to specifically manipulate the senescence program.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 53706-1569, USA
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Morecki S, Nagler A, Puyesky Y, Nabet C, Condiotti R, Pick M, Gan S, Slavin S. Effect of various cytokine combinations on induction of non-MHC-restricted cytotoxicity. Lymphokine Cytokine Res 1993; 12:159-165. [PMID: 8347764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Efforts were directed to achieve an increased lymphokine-activated non-MHC-restricted killing (LAK) activity greater than that induced by rIL-2 alone. Human peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM)-derived mononuclear cells (MC) were exposed in vitro to multiple cytokine combinations, including rIL-6, rIL-7, rIFN-alpha and rIFN-gamma in the presence of either suboptimal or optimal doses of rIL-2. Our results have shown that BMMC are a potential source for induction of increased LAK activity upon exposure to multiple cytokine combinations, whereas PBMC could not be successfully stimulated under the same conditions. Fifty-five to 62% of BM-derived samples stimulated with high dose rIL-2 + rIL-7 or rIL-2 + rIL-7 + rIL-6 + rIFN-gamma exhibited a higher degree of cytotoxicity than BM samples stimulated with rIL-2 alone. Exposure of PB-derived large granular lymphocytes (LGL) to various cytokine combinations led to increased proliferation after stimulation with suboptimal dose of rIL-2 in the presence of rIL-6 and rIL-7. This increase was not observed in induction of cytotoxicity. We suggest that BMMC activated by multiple cytokine combinations could play an active role in improving antitumor response in vivo by contributing to the control of minimal residual tumor cell growth, particularly post-BM transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Morecki
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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Nagler A, Mumcuoglu M, Naparstek E, Or R, Gan S, Slavin S. Normal hematopoietic reconstitution following ASTA-Z 7557-purged grafts in the absence of in vitro CFU-GM colony growth. Leuk Res 1993; 17:61-7. [PMID: 8429681 DOI: 10.1016/0145-2126(93)90142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic reconstitution was assessed in 26 consecutive patients who underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) with ASTA-Z 7557 purged bone marrows. Of the 26, 17 had acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL), 7 had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 1 had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 1 had multiple myeloma (MM). Twelve patients had practically no CFU-GM growth after ASTA-Z treatment. No statistical difference was observed in hematopoietic reconstitution between patients with or without in vitro CFU-GM colony growth. No significant linear correlation was observed between CFU-GM content in the treated graft and day of engraftment. In vitro CFU-GM growth has no predictive value in assessing hematopoietic recovery in vivo. Patients with no CFU-GM growth demonstrated normal engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagler
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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Gan S, Seferis JC, Prime RB. A viscoelastic description of the glass transition-conversion relationship for reactive polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01913098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gan S, Gillham JK, Prime RB. A methodology for characterizing reactive coatings: Time–temperature–transformation (TTT) analysis of the competition between cure, evaporation, and thermal degradation for an epoxy-phenolic system. J Appl Polym Sci 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1989.070370316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gan
- Department of Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Beijing
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Chumakov MP, Gavrilovskaia IN, Linev MB, Gorbachkova EA, Gan S. [Use of monoclonal antibodies for differentiating strains of the virus causing the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Vopr Virusol 1987; 32:604-7. [PMID: 3124351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Using monoclonal antibody and animal immune sera the experiment confirmed the existence of antigenic relationships between the strains of virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) isolated in the USSR from Clethrionomys glareolus and members of all known serotypes of HFRS virus. Clear-cut differentiation was made from serotypes Apodemus and Rattus, and cross-relationships were shown between the strains isolated in the USSR and Prospect Hill virus (PHV), a member of the serotype Microtus isolated in the USA.
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