1
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Rotics S, Groenewoud F, Manser M, Clutton-Brock T. Pregnancy reduces concurrent pup care behaviour in meerkats, generating differences between dominant and subordinate females. J Anim Ecol 2023; 92:1431-1441. [PMID: 37277989 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In some mammals, and particularly in cooperative breeding ones, successive bouts of reproduction can overlap so that a female is often pregnant while still nurturing dependent young from her previous litter. Such an overlap requires females to divide their energetic budget between two reproductive activities, and pregnancy costs would consequently be expected to reduce investment in concurrent offspring care. However, explicit evidence for such reductions is scarce, and the potential effects they may have on work division in cooperative breeders have not been explored. Using 25 years of data on reproduction and cooperative behaviour in wild Kalahari meerkats, supplemented with field experiments, we investigated whether pregnancy reduces contributions to cooperative pup care behaviours, including babysitting, provisioning and raised guarding. We also explored whether pregnancy, which is more frequent in dominants than subordinates, could account for the reduced contributions of dominants to the cooperative pup care behaviours. We found that pregnancy, particularly at late stages of gestation, reduces contributions to cooperative pup care; that these reductions are eliminated when the food available to pregnant females is experimentally supplemented; and that pregnancy effects accounted for differences between dominants and subordinates in two of the three cooperative behaviours examined (pup provisioning and raised guarding but not babysitting). By linking pregnancy costs with reductions in concurrent pup care, our findings illuminate a trade-off between investment in successive, overlapping bouts of reproduction. They also suggest that some of the differences in cooperative behaviour between dominant and subordinate females in cooperative breeding mammals can be a direct consequence of differences in their breeding frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Rotics
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Marta Manser
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Kalahari Research Centre, Kuruman River Reserve, Van Zylsrus, South Africa
| | - Tim Clutton-Brock
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Kalahari Research Centre, Kuruman River Reserve, Van Zylsrus, South Africa
- Department of Zoology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, RSA, Pretoria, South Africa
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2
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Resheff YS, Bensch HM, Zöttl M, Rotics S. Correcting a bias in the computation of behavioral time budgets that are based on supervised learning. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanna M. Bensch
- EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden
| | - Markus Zöttl
- EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden
| | - Shay Rotics
- EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden
- Department of Zooloy University of Cambridge
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3
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Abstract
Individual variation is increasingly recognized as a central component of ecological processes, but its role in structuring environmental niche associations remains largely unknown. Species' responses to environmental conditions are ultimately determined by the niches of single individuals, yet environmental associations are typically captured only at the level of species. Here, we develop scenarios for how individual variation may combine to define the compound environmental niche of populations, use extensive movement data to document individual environmental niche variation, test associated hypotheses of niche configuration, and examine the consistency of individual niches over time. For 45 individual white storks (Ciconia ciconia; 116 individual-year combinations), we uncover high variability in individual environmental associations, consistency of individual niches over time, and moderate to strong niche specialization. Within populations, environmental niches follow a nested pattern, with individuals arranged along a specialist-to-generalist gradient. These results reject common assumptions of individual niche equivalency among conspecifics, as well as the separation of individual niches into disparate parts of environmental space. These findings underscore the need for a more thorough consideration of individualistic environmental responses in global change research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben S Carlson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Shay Rotics
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Walter Jetz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Granweiler
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Jack Thorley
- Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Department of Earth, Oceans and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Shay Rotics
- Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
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5
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Abstract
In cooperatively breeding species where rearing effort is shared among multiple group members, increases in group size typically reduce average per capita contributions to offspring care by all group members (load-lightening) but it is not known how changes in group size affect the distribution of workload among group members. The socioeconomic collective action theory suggests that, in larger groups, the incentives for free riding are stronger, leading to greater inequalities in work division among group members. Here, we use the Gini index to measure inequality at the group level in the contributions of helpers to three different cooperative behaviours (babysitting, pup-provisioning and raised guarding) in groups of varying size in wild Kalahari meerkats (Suricata suricatta). In larger groups, inequality in helpers' contributions to cooperative activities and the frequency of free riding both increased. Elevated levels of inequality were generated partly as a result of increased differences in contributions to cooperative activities between helpers in different sex and age categories in larger groups. After controlling for the positive effect of group size on total provisioning, increasing levels of inequality in contributions were associated with reductions in total pup-provisioning conducted by the group. Reductions in total pup-provisioning were, in turn, associated with reductions in the growth and survival of pups (but pup growth and survival were not directly affected by inequality in provisioning). Our results support the prediction of collective action theory described above and show how the Gini index can be used to investigate the distribution of cooperative behaviour within the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Rotics
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.,Kalahari Research Centre, Kuruman River Reserve, Van Zylsrus 8467, Republic of South Africa
| | - Tim Clutton-Brock
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.,Kalahari Research Centre, Kuruman River Reserve, Van Zylsrus 8467, Republic of South Africa.,Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
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6
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Rotics S, Turjeman S, Kaatz M, Zurell D, Wikelski M, Sapir N, Fiedler W, Eggers U, Resheff YS, Jeltsch F, Nathan R. Early-life behaviour predicts first-year survival in a long-distance avian migrant. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20202670. [PMID: 33434462 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life conditions have critical, long-lasting effects on the fate of individuals, yet early-life activity has rarely been linked to subsequent survival of animals in the wild. Using high-resolution GPS and body-acceleration data of 93 juvenile white storks (Ciconia ciconia), we examined the links between behaviour during both pre-fledging and post-fledging (fledging-to-migration) periods and subsequent first-year survival. Juvenile daily activity (based on overall dynamic body acceleration) showed repeatable between-individual variation, the juveniles' pre- and post-fledging activity levels were correlated and both were positively associated with subsequent survival. Daily activity increased gradually throughout the post-fledging period, and the relationship between post-fledging activity and survival was stronger in individuals who increased their daily activity level faster (an interaction effect). We suggest that high activity profiles signified individuals with increased pre-migratory experience, higher individual quality and perhaps more proactive personality, which could underlie their superior survival rates. The duration of individuals' fledging-to-migration periods had a hump-shaped relationship with survival: higher survival was associated with intermediate rather than short or long durations. Short durations reflect lower pre-migratory experience, whereas very long ones were associated with slower increases in daily activity level which possibly reflects slow behavioural development. In accordance with previous studies, heavier nestlings and those that hatched and migrated earlier had increased survival. Using extensive tracking data, our study exposed new links between early-life attributes and survival, suggesting that early activity profiles in migrating birds can explain variation in first-year survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Rotics
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sondra Turjeman
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Kaatz
- Vogelschutzwarte Storchenhof Loburg e.V., Chausseestrasse 18, 39279 Loburg, Germany
| | - Damaris Zurell
- Ecology and Macroecology, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany
| | - Nir Sapir
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology and Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 3498838 Haifa, Israel
| | - Wolfgang Fiedler
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78468 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ute Eggers
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yehezkel S Resheff
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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7
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Fandos G, Rotics S, Sapir N, Fiedler W, Kaatz M, Wikelski M, Nathan R, Zurell D. Seasonal niche tracking of climate emerges at the population level in a migratory bird. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201799. [PMID: 32962549 PMCID: PMC7542805 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal animal migration is a widespread phenomenon. At the species level, it has been shown that many migratory animal species track similar climatic conditions throughout the year. However, it remains unclear whether such a niche tracking pattern is a direct consequence of individual behaviour or emerges at the population or species level through behavioural variability. Here, we estimated seasonal niche overlap and seasonal niche tracking at the individual and population level of central European white storks (Ciconia ciconia). We quantified niche tracking for both weather and climate conditions to control for the different spatio-temporal scales over which ecological processes may operate. Our results indicate that niche tracking is a bottom-up process. Individuals mainly track weather conditions while climatic niche tracking mainly emerges at the population level. This result may be partially explained by a high degree of intra- and inter-individual variation in niche overlap between seasons. Understanding how migratory individuals, populations and species respond to seasonal environments is key for anticipating the impacts of global environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Fandos
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shay Rotics
- Movement Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behaviour, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus at Givat Ram, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nir Sapir
- Department Evolutionary and Environmental Biology and Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 3498838 Haifa, Israel
| | - Wolfgang Fiedler
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, D-78315 Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Kaatz
- Vogelschutzwarte Storchenhof Loburg e.V., Loburg, Germany
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, D-78315 Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behaviour, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus at Givat Ram, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Damaris Zurell
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10099 Berlin, Germany
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8
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Becciu P, Rotics S, Horvitz N, Kaatz M, Fiedler W, Zurell D, Flack A, Jeltsch F, Wikelski M, Nathan R, Sapir N. Causes and consequences of facultative sea crossing in a soaring migrant. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Becciu
- Animal Flight Laboratory Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology Institute of Evolution University of Haifa Haifa Israel
| | - Shay Rotics
- Movement Ecology Laboratory Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel
| | - Nir Horvitz
- Movement Ecology Laboratory Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel
| | - Michael Kaatz
- Vogelschutzwarte Storchenhof Loburg e.V. Loburg Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fiedler
- Department of Migration Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Radolfzell Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Damaris Zurell
- Geography Department Humboldt‐Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Land Change Science Swiss Federal Research Institute WSl Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Andrea Flack
- Department of Migration Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Radolfzell Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute for Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB) Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Radolfzell Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Laboratory Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel
| | - Nir Sapir
- Animal Flight Laboratory Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology Institute of Evolution University of Haifa Haifa Israel
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9
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Rotics S, Kaatz M, Turjeman S, Zurell D, Wikelski M, Sapir N, Eggers U, Fiedler W, Jeltsch F, Nathan R. Early arrival at breeding grounds: Causes, costs and a trade-off with overwintering latitude. J Anim Ecol 2018; 87:1627-1638. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shay Rotics
- Movement Ecology Laboratory; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour; Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Michael Kaatz
- Vogelschutzwarte Storchenhof Loburg e.V.; Loburg Germany
| | - Sondra Turjeman
- Movement Ecology Laboratory; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour; Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Damaris Zurell
- Geography Department; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology; Max-Planck-Institute for Ornithology; Radolfzell Germany
- Department of Biology; University of Konstanz; Konstanz Germany
| | - Nir Sapir
- The Animal Flight Laboratory; Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology; University of Haifa; Haifa Israel
| | - Ute Eggers
- Department of Plant Ecology and Conservation Biology; Institute for Biochemistry and Biology; University of Potsdam; Potsdam Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fiedler
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology; Max-Planck-Institute for Ornithology; Radolfzell Germany
- Department of Biology; University of Konstanz; Konstanz Germany
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB); Berlin Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Laboratory; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour; Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
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10
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Zurell D, von Wehrden H, Rotics S, Kaatz M, Groß H, Schlag L, Schäfer M, Sapir N, Turjeman S, Wikelski M, Nathan R, Jeltsch F. Home Range Size and Resource Use of Breeding and Non-breeding White Storks Along a Land Use Gradient. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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11
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Rotics S, Turjeman S, Kaatz M, Resheff YS, Zurell D, Sapir N, Eggers U, Fiedler W, Flack A, Jeltsch F, Wikelski M, Nathan R. Wintering in Europe instead of Africa enhances juvenile survival in a long-distance migrant. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Rotics S, Kaatz M, Resheff YS, Turjeman SF, Zurell D, Sapir N, Eggers U, Flack A, Fiedler W, Jeltsch F, Wikelski M, Nathan R. The challenges of the first migration: movement and behaviour of juvenile vs. adult white storks with insights regarding juvenile mortality. J Anim Ecol 2016; 85:938-47. [PMID: 27046512 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Migration conveys an immense challenge, especially for juvenile birds coping with enduring and risky journeys shortly after fledging. Accordingly, juveniles exhibit considerably lower survival rates compared to adults, particularly during migration. Juvenile white storks (Ciconia ciconia), which are known to rely on adults during their first fall migration presumably for navigational purposes, also display much lower annual survival than adults. Using detailed GPS and body acceleration data, we examined the patterns and potential causes of age-related differences in fall migration properties of white storks by comparing first-year juveniles and adults. We compared juvenile and adult parameters of movement, behaviour and energy expenditure (estimated from overall dynamic body acceleration) and placed this in the context of the juveniles' lower survival rate. Juveniles used flapping flight vs. soaring flight 23% more than adults and were estimated to expend 14% more energy during flight. Juveniles did not compensate for their higher flight costs by increased refuelling or resting during migration. When juveniles and adults migrated together in the same flock, the juvenile flew mostly behind the adult and was left behind when they separated. Juveniles showed greater improvement in flight efficiency throughout migration compared to adults which appears crucial because juveniles exhibiting higher flight costs suffered increased mortality. Our findings demonstrate the conflict between the juveniles' inferior flight skills and their urge to keep up with mixed adult-juvenile flocks. We suggest that increased flight costs are an important proximate cause of juvenile mortality in white storks and likely in other soaring migrants and that natural selection is operating on juvenile variation in flight efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Rotics
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Kaatz
- Vogelschutzwarte Storchenhof Loburg e.V., Chausseestr. 18, D-39279, Loburg, Germany
| | - Yehezkel S Resheff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel.,Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sondra Feldman Turjeman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Damaris Zurell
- Dynamic Macroecology, Department Landscape Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Nir Sapir
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, The University of Haifa, 3498838, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ute Eggers
- Plant Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andrea Flack
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max-Planck-Institute for Ornithology, D-78315, Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78468, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fiedler
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max-Planck-Institute for Ornithology, D-78315, Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78468, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), D-14195, Berlin, Germany.,ZALF, Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Str. 84, D-15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max-Planck-Institute for Ornithology, D-78315, Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78468, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
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13
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Flack A, Fiedler W, Blas J, Pokrovsky I, Kaatz M, Mitropolsky M, Aghababyan K, Fakriadis I, Makrigianni E, Jerzak L, Azafzaf H, Feltrup-Azafzaf C, Rotics S, Mokotjomela TM, Nathan R, Wikelski M. Costs of migratory decisions: A comparison across eight white stork populations. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1500931. [PMID: 26844294 PMCID: PMC4737271 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Annual migratory movements can range from a few tens to thousands of kilometers, creating unique energetic requirements for each specific species and journey. Even within the same species, migration costs can vary largely because of flexible, opportunistic life history strategies. We uncover the large extent of variation in the lifetime migratory decisions of young white storks originating from eight populations. Not only did juvenile storks differ in their geographically distinct wintering locations, their diverse migration patterns also affected the amount of energy individuals invested for locomotion during the first months of their life. Overwintering in areas with higher human population reduced the stork's overall energy expenditure because of shorter daily foraging trips, closer wintering grounds, or a complete suppression of migration. Because migrants can change ecological processes in several distinct communities simultaneously, understanding their life history decisions helps not only to protect migratory species but also to conserve stable ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Flack
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Wolfgang Fiedler
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Julio Blas
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Ivan Pokrovsky
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Kaatz
- Vogelschutzwarte Storchenhof Loburg e.V., 39279 Loburg, Germany
| | | | - Karen Aghababyan
- Acopian Center for the Environment, American University of Armenia, Yerevan 0019, Armenia
| | | | | | - Leszek Jerzak
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Institute of Biotechnology and Environment Protection, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Hichem Azafzaf
- Association Les Amis des Oiseaux–BirdLife Tunisia, Aryanah 2080, Tunisia
| | | | - Shay Rotics
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Thabiso M. Mokotjomela
- School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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14
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Zurell D, Eggers U, Kaatz M, Rotics S, Sapir N, Wikelski M, Nathan R, Jeltsch F. Individual-based modelling of resource competition to predict density-dependent population dynamics: a case study with white storks. OIKOS 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damaris Zurell
- Inst. of Biochemistry and Biology, Univ. of Potsdam; Maulbeerallee 2 DE-14469 Potsdam Germany
- Landscape Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Inst. WSL; Zürcherstrasse 111 CH-8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Ute Eggers
- Inst. of Biochemistry and Biology, Univ. of Potsdam; Maulbeerallee 2 DE-14469 Potsdam Germany
| | - Michael Kaatz
- Vogelschutzwarte Storchenhof Loburg e.V.; Chausseestr. 18 DE-39279 Loburg Germany
| | - Shay Rotics
- Dept of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior; The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus; IL-91904 Jerusalem Israel
| | - Nir Sapir
- Dept of Migration and Immuno-Ecology; Max Planck Inst. for Ornithology; Schlossallee 2 DE-78315 Radolfzell Germany
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Dept of Migration and Immuno-Ecology; Max Planck Inst. for Ornithology; Schlossallee 2 DE-78315 Radolfzell Germany
- Dept of Biology; Konstanz Univ.; DE-78315 Konstanz Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Dept of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior; The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus; IL-91904 Jerusalem Israel
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Inst. of Biochemistry and Biology, Univ. of Potsdam; Maulbeerallee 2 DE-14469 Potsdam Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Inst. of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB); DE-14195 Berlin Germany
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Resheff YS, Rotics S, Harel R, Spiegel O, Nathan R. AcceleRater: a web application for supervised learning of behavioral modes from acceleration measurements. Mov Ecol 2014; 2:27. [PMID: 25709835 PMCID: PMC4337760 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-014-0027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of animal movement is experiencing rapid progress in recent years, forcefully driven by technological advancement. Biologgers with Acceleration (ACC) recordings are becoming increasingly popular in the fields of animal behavior and movement ecology, for estimating energy expenditure and identifying behavior, with prospects for other potential uses as well. Supervised learning of behavioral modes from acceleration data has shown promising results in many species, and for a diverse range of behaviors. However, broad implementation of this technique in movement ecology research has been limited due to technical difficulties and complicated analysis, deterring many practitioners from applying this approach. This highlights the need to develop a broadly applicable tool for classifying behavior from acceleration data. DESCRIPTION Here we present a free-access python-based web application called AcceleRater, for rapidly training, visualizing and using models for supervised learning of behavioral modes from ACC measurements. We introduce AcceleRater, and illustrate its successful application for classifying vulture behavioral modes from acceleration data obtained from free-ranging vultures. The seven models offered in the AcceleRater application achieved overall accuracy of between 77.68% (Decision Tree) and 84.84% (Artificial Neural Network), with a mean overall accuracy of 81.51% and standard deviation of 3.95%. Notably, variation in performance was larger between behavioral modes than between models. CONCLUSIONS AcceleRater provides the means to identify animal behavior, offering a user-friendly tool for ACC-based behavioral annotation, which will be dynamically upgraded and maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehezkel S Resheff
- />Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- />Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
| | - Shay Rotics
- />Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Roi Harel
- />Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orr Spiegel
- />Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- />Present address: Department of Environmental Science & Policy, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Ran Nathan
- />Movement Ecology Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Levy O, Dayan T, Rotics S, Kronfeld-Schor N. Foraging sequence, energy intake and torpor: an individual-based field study of energy balancing in desert golden spiny mice. Ecol Lett 2012; 15:1240-1248. [PMID: 22906198 DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01845.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We studied the relationship between sequence of foraging, energy acquired and use of torpor as an energy-balancing strategy in diurnally active desert golden spiny mice. We hypothesised that individuals that arrive earlier to forage will get higher returns and consequently spend less time torpid. If that is the case, then early foragers can be viewed as more successful; if the same individuals arrive repeatedly early, they are likely to have higher fitness under conditions of resource limitation. For the first time, we show a relationship between foraging sequence and amount of resources removed, with individuals that arrive later to a foraging patch tending to receive lower energetic returns and to spend more time torpid. Torpor bears not only benefits but also significant costs, so these individuals pay a price both in lower energy intake and in extended periods of torpor, in what may well be a positive feedback loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Levy
- Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Tamar Dayan
- Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Shay Rotics
- Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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Rotics S, Dayan T, Levy O, Kronfeld-Schor N. Light Masking in the Field: An Experiment with Nocturnal and Diurnal Spiny Mice Under Semi-natural Field Conditions. Chronobiol Int 2010; 28:70-5. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2010.525674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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