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Chu S, Zhai W, Ding L, Wang L, Li J, Jiao Z. Synergistic effect of Ag@CN with BiVO 4 in a unique Z-type heterojunction for enhancing photoelectrochemical water splitting performance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:12379-12385. [PMID: 38606541 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00679h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of photoelectrochemical technology, the enhancement of photogenerated charge carrier separation is pivotal for the advancement of energy conversion performance. Carbon nitride (CN) is established as a photocatalytic material with significant potential and exhibits unique advantages in addressing the issue of rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers. This study utilized an efficient in situ doping method that combined Mo,W-doped BiVO4 (Mo,W:BVO) with silver-loaded CN (Ag@CN), yielding an all-solid-state Mo,W:BVO/Ag@CN heterostructure that effectively augments the separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs. Through the annealing process, Ag@CN was uniformly coated within the Mo,W:BVO thin film, significantly enlarging the interface contact area to enhance visible light absorption and photogenerated carrier movement. The results of the photoelectrochemical tests showed that the Mo,W:BVO/Ag@CN heterostructure had the highest photocurrent and charge transfer efficiency, which were 6.4 times and 3.6 times higher respectively than those of the unmodified Mo,W:BVO. Our research elucidates the interactions within all-solid-state Z-scheme heterojunctions, outlining strategic approaches for crafting innovative and superior photocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chu
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Zhai
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Ding
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengbo Jiao
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
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Yang D, Zhu C, Li J, Li Y, Zhang X, Yang C, Chu S. Exploring the supply and demand imbalance of carbon and carbon-related ecosystem services for dual‑carbon goal ecological management in the Huaihe River Ecological Economic Belt. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169169. [PMID: 38072260 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The measurement of carbon and carbon-related ecosystem services (CCESs) has garnered considerable global attention, primarily due to dual‑carbon goals, which are crucial for the rational allocating of ecosystem service (ES) resources and the enhancement of terrestrial carbon sinks. This study developed a novel research framework on CCESs to quantitatively measure carbon storage (CS), food production (FS), habitat quality (HQ), soil conservation (SC), and water yield (WY), and examined the spatiotemporal patterns of the supply-demand and trade-off/synergy processes related to CCESs in the Huaihe River Ecological Economic Belt (HREEB). The findings are as follows: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the supply-demand of the CCESs generally increased, except for carbon storage and food demand. Overall, the supply level of the CCESs exceeds the demand level, with a median ratio of supply and demand ratio (ESDR) of 1.13. (2) During the study period, the synergy relationship of the CCESs is mainly determined by the supply side of the CS-HQ and CS-SC, while on the demand side, it is determined by the CD- FD. And the ESDR of all C-related ecosystem services showed a significant synergy strengthening with CS in the HREEB. (3) Spatially, "high-low" spatial matching of the ESDR decreased, suggesting a gradual reduction in the spatial mismatch of CCESs. (4) We identified seven ecological functional zones and proposed corresponding strategies for promoting ecological management. Our research emphasized the spatiotemporal patterns of supply and demand imbalance in CCESs and the spatial optimization paths of trade-offs/synergies, providing valuable insights for achieving regional dual‑carbon goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehu Yang
- School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Changming Zhu
- School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Jianguo Li
- School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yating Li
- School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cunjian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evolution and Monitoring in Southwest (Sichuan Normal University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Shuai Chu
- School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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Mattke S, Jun H, Hanson M, Chu S, Kordower JH, Reiman EM. Health Economic Considerations in the Deployment of an Alzheimer's Prevention Therapy. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:303-309. [PMID: 38374736 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As treatments for secondary prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are being studied, concerns about their value for money have appeared. We estimate cost-effectiveness of a hypothetical screening and prevention program. METHODS We use a Markov model to project cost-effectiveness of a treatment that reduces progression to symptomatic AD by 50% with either chronic treatment until progression to mild cognitive impairment or treatment for one year followed by monitoring with AD blood tests and retreatment with one dose in case of amyloid re-accumulation. Diagnoses would be made with an AD blood test with sensitivity and specificity of 80%, and inconclusive results in 20%. Individuals testing negative would be re-tested in five years and those with inconclusive results in one. RESULTS The program would generate per-person value of $53,721 from a payer (reduction of direct cost and patient QALY gains) and $69,861 from a societal perspective (adding valuation of reduced caregiver burden). With chronic treatment, it would be cost-effective up to annual drug prices of $7,000 and $10,300, respectively. Time-limited treatment would be cost-effective at annual drug prices of $54,257 and $78,458 from a payer and societal perspective, respectively. Higher specificity of the blood test would decrease cost per person with similar value generation DISCUSSION: A hypothetical prevention treatment for AD could be economically viable from a payer and societal perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mattke
- Soeren Mattke, M.D., D.Sc., Director, Center for Improving Chronic Illness Care, Research Professor of Economics, USC Dornsife, 635 Downey Way, #505N, Los Angeles, CA 90089, Mobile: +1 202 468 5797,
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4
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Yan S, Qian H, Ding P, Chu S, Wang H. Finite-time tolerant containment control for IT2 T-S fuzzy network multi-agent systems with actuator faults, packet dropouts and DoS attacks. ISA Trans 2023; 137:199-209. [PMID: 36849291 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2023.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This article studies finite-time tolerant containment control issue for uncertain nonlinear networked multi-agent systems (MASs) with actuator faults, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and packet dropouts, under the framework of interval type-2 (IT2) Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy method. Firstly, based on establishing the actuator fault models and introducing Bernoulli random distribution to represent the packet dropouts phenomenon, the IT2 T-S fuzzy network MASs under actuator faults and packet dropouts are constructed as switchable systems according to the attack situations on the communication channels. Secondly, the slack matrix with more information of lower and upper membership functions is introduced in the stability analysis to reduce conservatism. And on basis of Lyapunov stability theory and average dwell-time method, finite-time tolerant containment control protocol is proposed, which makes the follower' states converge to the convex hull controlled by the leaders in finite time. Finally, the effectiveness of the control protocol designed in this article is verified by numerical simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Yan
- College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Huaming Qian
- College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Peng Ding
- College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Shuai Chu
- College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Huilin Wang
- College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Li C, Wu N, Huang J, Gong Y, Wang H, Liu Y, Wu C, Zheng L, Chu S. Change of circulating lymphocyte subsets is related to disease activity and secondary infection in children with primary nephrotic syndrome-a retrospective study. Transl Pediatr 2022; 11:1949-1961. [PMID: 36643679 PMCID: PMC9834957 DOI: 10.21037/tp-22-581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is an immune-mediated glomerular disease that often reoccurs. However, the characteristics of circulating lymphocyte subsets in PNS children remain unclear. Immunosuppressive therapy can lead to temporary or persistent remissions, but also increases the risk of infection, and whether the circulating lymphocyte subsets can be used to predict the secondary infection also remains unclear. Here, we explored the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations in the different stages of PNS, and its predictive value of secondary infection in pediatric patients. METHODS We included 89 children who were first PNS episodes or diagnosed with PNS admitted to Nanfang Hospital from September 2019 to April 2021, and 19 healthy children were recruited as controls (C). PNS patients were divided into three groups according to their serum biochemical tests: active group (A), partial remission (PR) group, and complete remission (CR) group. PNS patients with infection symptoms were divided into a co-infection group, others were divided into the non-infection group. The peripheral lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. The relationship between the peripheral lymphocyte subsets and PNS activity or infection was analyzed. RESULTS Compared to the healthy controls, the PNS patients' CD8+CD28+ T cell (TC) (C: 16.6%, 450.8/µL;
A: 29.1%, P=0.000, 886.1/µL, P=0.012; PR: 25.7%, P=0.000, 817.3/µL, P=0.012; CR: 24.9%, P=0.001, 747.9/µL, P=0.020), and CD4+CD45RO+ ("memory" helper) T cells (C: 13.2%, 358.9/µL; A: 15.7%, P=0.036, 578.7/µL, P=0.001; PR: 17.6%, P=0.002, 610.0/µL, P=0.000; CR: 13.7%, P=0.676, 398.1/µL, P=0.525) were elevated. In addition, the regulatory T cells counts (non-infection: 117.9/µL; Co-infection: 73.3/µL, P=0.001) were significantly lower in patients with infection. We found that the predictive value measured by the area under the curve (AUC) showed that the AUC (t) Treg cell counts (61.5-84.5%) were almost always higher than the AUC for the (t) CD4+ T cell counts (55.1-77.1%). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found that T cell subpopulations had different characteristics in PNS during different disease phases. The CD8+CD28+ T cells, and CD4+CD45RO+ T cells increased at the disease quiescence of PNS. Moreover, CD4+ T cell subsets (regulatory T cell <82.5/µL) had higher predictive value than CD4+ T cell counts for PNS infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangkun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nisha Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingtong Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunfeng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lian Jiang People's Hospital, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Chu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ren Y, Li R, Feng H, Xie J, Gao L, Chu S, Li Y, Meng F, Ning Y. Single-cell sequencing reveals effects of chemotherapy on the immune landscape and TCR/BCR clonal expansion in a relapsed ovarian cancer patient. Front Immunol 2022; 13:985187. [PMID: 36248860 PMCID: PMC9555851 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.985187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer recurrence and chemoresistance are the leading causes of death in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients. However, the unique role of the immune environment in tumor progression for relapsed chemo-resistant patients remains elusive. In single-cell resolution, we characterized a comprehensive multi-dimensional cellular and immunological atlas from tumor, ascites, and peripheral blood of a chemo-resistant patient at different stages of treatment. Our results highlight a role in recurrence and chemoresistance of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in ascites, including MDSC-like myeloid and hypo-metabolic γδT cells, and of peripheral CD8+ effector T cells with chemotherapy-induced senescent/exhaustive. Importantly, paired TCR/BCR sequencing demonstrated relative conservation of TCR clonal expansion in hyper-expanded CD8+ T cells and extensive BCR clonal expansion without usage bias of V(D)J genes after chemotherapy. Thus, our study suggests strategies for ameliorating chemotherapy-induced immune impairment to improve the clinical outcome of HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Ren
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runrong Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanxiao Feng
- The First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieying Xie
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Gao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Chu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Li, ; Fanliang Meng, ; Yunshan Ning,
| | - Fanliang Meng
- The First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Li, ; Fanliang Meng, ; Yunshan Ning,
| | - Yunshan Ning
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Li, ; Fanliang Meng, ; Yunshan Ning,
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Zhang W, Zhang Y, Yuan H, Li J, Ding L, Chu S, Wang L, Zhai W, Jiao Z. Carbon hollow matrix anchored by isolated transition metal atoms serving as a single atom cocatalyst to facilitate the water oxidation kinetics of bismuth vanadate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 616:631-640. [PMID: 35240441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.02.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Here, nitrogen doped carbon hollow matrix anchored by isolated transition metal atoms (M@NC, M = Fe, Co or Ni) are firstly utilized as new single atom cocatalysts (SACCs) to enhance the PEC performance of Mo, W ions co-doped BiVO4 (Mo, W: BVO) through a simple spin-coating method. It is found that Mo, W: BVO modified with Fe@NC exhibits higher photocurrent density than the one decorated with Co@NC or Ni@NC due to the relatively low redox potential of Fe3+/Fe2+ (0.77 V vs SHE). During the photoelectrochemical (PEC) process, the Fe2+ ions are easier to accept the photogenerated holes of BVO and be oxidized to Fe3+ ions. Then, Fe3+ ions are reduced to Fe2+ again by accepting the electrons of water, and evolve oxygen simultaneously. Hence, Fe@NC could facilitate the water oxidation kinetics through the redox cycle of Fe ions and promote the charge separation efficiency by capturing the photogenerated holes. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the deposition of Fe atoms make NC negatively charged, which is conducive to receiving the photogenerated holes. As a result, Mo, W: BVO/Fe@NC exhibits higher photocurrent density (3.2 mA/cm2 vs RHE) than other BVO-based samples. This work opens up a new application field of SACCs serving as OER cocatalysts, and may provide a universal strategy to construct the efficient PEC photoelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yujia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shuai Chu
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhengbo Jiao
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Ho SSK, Hon SSF, Hung E, Lee JFY, Mo F, Tong M, So C, Chu S, Ng DCK, Lam D, Cho C, Mak TWC, Ng SSM, Futaba K, Suen J, To KF, Chan AWH, Yeung WWK, Ma BBY. Prognostic implication of the neoadjuvant rectal score and other biomarkers of clinical outcome in Hong Kong Chinese patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Hong Kong Med J 2022; 28:230-238. [PMID: 35667869 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer, for which pathological complete response is typically used as a surrogate survival endpoint. Neoadjuvant rectal score is a new biomarker that has been shown to correlate with survival. The main objectives of this study were to investigate factors contributing to pathological complete response, to validate the prognostic significance of neoadjuvant rectal score, and to investigate factors associated with a lower neoadjuvant rectal score in a cohort of Hong Kong Chinese. METHODS Data of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy from August 2006 to October 2018 were retrieved from hospital records and retrospectively analysed. RESULTS Of 193 patients who had optimal response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery, tumour down-staging was the only independent prognostic factor that predicted pathological complete response (P<0.0001). Neoadjuvant rectal score was associated with overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]=1.042, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.021-1.064; P<0.0001), disease-free survival (HR=1.042, 95% CI=1.022-1.062; P<0.0001), locoregional recurrence-free survival (HR=1.070, 95% CI=1.039-1.102; P<0.0001) and distant recurrence-free survival (HR=1.034, 95% CI=1.012-1.056; P=0.002). Patients who had pathological complete response were associated with a lower neoadjuvant rectal score (P<0.0001), but pathological complete response was not associated with survival. For patients with intermediate neoadjuvant rectal scores, late recurrences beyond 72 months from diagnosis were observed. CONCLUSION Neoadjuvant rectal score is an independent prognostic marker of survival and disease recurrence in a cohort of Hong Kong Chinese patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S K Ho
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S S F Hon
- Department of Surgery, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E Hung
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J F Y Lee
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - F Mo
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M Tong
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C So
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S Chu
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - D C K Ng
- Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - D Lam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C Cho
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - T W C Mak
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S S M Ng
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K Futaba
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J Suen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K F To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - A W H Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - B B Y Ma
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Sciarratta C, Sserunga MN, Sekiziyivu A, Lubega I, Nakato WN, Twinomuhwezi E, Tumwine C, Wasswa CK, Doshi R, Chu S, Gidudu J. Using an AEFI Parent Diary Card Following Fractional-Dose Yellow Fever (fYF) Vaccination in Uganda; a Tool for Consideration for Future Clinical Trials in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Int J Infect Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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10
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Yuan H, Li J, Zhang W, Wang D, Wang L, Chu S, Zhai W, Ding L, Jiao Z. Polydopamine assisted transformation of ZnO from nanospheres to nanosheets grown in nanoporous BiVO4 films for improved photocatalytic performance. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01879e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A BiVO4/ZnO nanosheet heterostructure has been fabricated on stainless steel mesh by a solid-solution drying and calcination method, during which ZnO spheres were converted to nanosheets with the aid of polydopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yuan
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Deting Wang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Chu
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ding
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Zhengbo Jiao
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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Rolnik DL, Matheson A, Liu Y, Chu S, Mcgannon C, Mulcahy B, Malhotra A, Palmer KR, Hodges RJ, Mol BW. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on pregnancy duration and outcome in Melbourne, Australia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 58:677-687. [PMID: 34309931 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of restriction measures implemented to mitigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on pregnancy duration and outcome. METHODS A before-and-after study was conducted with cohort sampling in three maternity hospitals in Melbourne, Australia, including women who were pregnant when restriction measures were in place during the COVID-19 pandemic (estimated conception date between 1 November 2019 and 29 February 2020) and women who were pregnant before the restrictions (estimated conception date between 1 November 2018 and 28 February 2019). The primary outcome was delivery before 34 weeks' gestation or stillbirth. The main secondary outcome was a composite of adverse perinatal outcomes. Pregnancy outcomes were compared between women exposed to restriction measures and unexposed controls using the χ-square test and modified Poisson regression models, and duration of pregnancy was compared between the groups using survival analysis. RESULTS In total, 3150 women who were exposed to restriction measures during pregnancy and 3175 unexposed controls were included. Preterm birth before 34 weeks or stillbirth occurred in 95 (3.0%) exposed pregnancies and in 130 (4.1%) controls (risk ratio (RR), 0.74 (95% CI, 0.57-0.96); P = 0.021). Preterm birth before 34 weeks occurred in 2.4% of women in the exposed group and in 3.4% of women in the control group (RR, 0.71 (95% CI, 0.53-0.95); P = 0.022), without evidence of an increase in the rate of stillbirth in the exposed group (0.7% vs 0.9%; RR, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.48-1.44); P = 0.515). Competing-risks regression analysis showed that the effect of the restriction measures on spontaneous preterm birth was stronger and started earlier (subdistribution hazard ratio (HR), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.64-1.03); P = 0.087) than the effect on medically indicated preterm birth (subdistribution HR, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.70-1.12); P = 0.305). The effect was stronger in women with a previous preterm birth (RR, 0.42 (95% CI, 0.21-0.82); P = 0.008) than in parous women without a previous preterm birth (RR, 0.93 (95% CI, 0.63-1.38); P = 0.714) (P for interaction = 0.044). Composite adverse perinatal outcome was less frequent in the exposed group than in controls (all women: 2.1% vs 2.9%; RR, 0.73 (95% CI, 0.54-0.99); P = 0.042); women with a previous preterm birth: 4.5% vs 8.4%; RR, 0.54 (95% CI, 0.25-1.18); P = 0.116). CONCLUSIONS Restriction measures implemented to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with a reduced rate of preterm birth before 34 weeks. This reduction was mainly due to a lower rate of spontaneous prematurity. The effect was more substantial in women with a previous preterm birth and was not associated with an increased stillbirth rate. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Matheson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Mcgannon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Mulcahy
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Malhotra
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K R Palmer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R J Hodges
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B W Mol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Aberdeen Centre for Women's Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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12
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Chu S, Aamar A, Hale S, Roxas A, Redfearn D. Letter in response to "Polypharmacy is a determinant of hospitalization in Parkinson's disease". Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:5887-5888. [PMID: 34661246 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_26864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Chu
- Guy's, King's, and St. Thomas' School of Medical Education, King's College London, UK.
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13
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Ramanathan D, Chu S, Prendes M, Carroll B. 654 Validated outcome measures and post-surgical scar assessment instruments in eyelid surgery: A systematic review. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Tao H, Pan Y, Chu S, Li L, Xie J, Wang P, Zhang S, Reddy S, Sleasman JW, Zhong XP. Differential controls of MAIT cell effector polarization by mTORC1/mTORC2 via integrating cytokine and costimulatory signals. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2029. [PMID: 33795689 PMCID: PMC8016978 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have important functions in immune responses against pathogens and in diseases, but mechanisms controlling MAIT cell development and effector lineage differentiation remain unclear. Here, we report that IL-2/IL-15 receptor β chain and inducible costimulatory (ICOS) not only serve as lineage-specific markers for IFN-γ-producing MAIT1 and IL-17A-producing MAIT17 cells, but are also important for their differentiation, respectively. Both IL-2 and IL-15 induce mTOR activation, T-bet upregulation, and subsequent MAIT cell, especially MAIT1 cell, expansion. By contrast, IL-1β induces more MAIT17 than MAIT1 cells, while IL-23 alone promotes MAIT17 cell proliferation and survival, but synergizes with IL-1β to induce strong MAIT17 cell expansion in an mTOR-dependent manner. Moreover, mTOR is dispensable for early MAIT cell development, yet pivotal for MAIT cell effector differentiation. Our results thus show that mTORC2 integrates signals from ICOS and IL-1βR/IL-23R to exert a crucial role for MAIT17 differentiation, while the IL-2/IL-15R-mTORC1-T-bet axis ensures MAIT1 differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huishan Tao
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yun Pan
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shuai Chu
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jinhai Xie
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shimeng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Srija Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John W Sleasman
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapies Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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15
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Ho S, Hon S, Hung E, Mo F, So C, Tong M, Lee J, Chu S, Ng D, Lam D, Cho C, Mak T, Ng S, Suen J, Chan A, Yeung W, Ma B. 91P Prognostic biomarker of clinical outcome in locally advanced rectal cancer in Chinese patients. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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16
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Conic RRZ, Chu S, Tamashunas NL, Damiani G, Bergfeld W. Prevalence of cardiac and metabolic diseases among patients with alopecia areata. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:e128-e129. [PMID: 32780884 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R R Z Conic
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - S Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - N L Tamashunas
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - G Damiani
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Centro Studi GISED, Young Dermatologists Italian Network, Bergamo, Italy.,Clinical Dermatology, IRCCS Instituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - W Bergfeld
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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17
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Salem I, Schrom K, Chu S, Retuerto M, Richardson B, Margvicius S, Cameron M, Ghannoum M, McCormick T, Cooper K. 362 Psoriatic fungal and bacterial microbiomes identify patient endotypes. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Chu S, Damiani G, Richardson B, Gao X, Cameron M, McCormick T, Cooper K. 010 Correlation of psoriasis severity with burden of disease cost in psoriatic patients. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Lam G, Tong M, Lee J, Chu S, Ng D, Lam D, Cho C, Hung E, Li L, Ho W, Hui E, Chan A, Hon S, Mak T, Ng S, Suen J, Mo F, Ma B. A multicenter phase II study of neoadjuvant FOLFOXIRI followed by concurrent capecitabine and radiotherapy for high risk rectal cancer: A final report. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz421.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Jiang P, Li G, Lv L, Ji H, Li Z, Chen S, Chu S. Effect of DMAEMA content and polymerization mode on morphologies and properties of pH and temperature double-sensitive cellulose-based hydrogels. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1681899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Gen Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Linda Lv
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Hongmin Ji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Ziwen Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Shaowei Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Chu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
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21
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Simon JN, Vrellaku B, Monterisi S, Chu S, Rawlings N, Lomas O, Marchal GA, Waithe D, Gajendragadkar P, Jayaram R, Channon K, Swietach P, Zaccolo M, Eaton P, Casadei B. 2161Redox-mediated PKA-RIalpha localisation to the lysosome inhibits myocardial calcium release and robustly reduces myocardial injury. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Kinase oxidation is a critical signalling mechanism through which changes in the intracellular redox state alter cardiac function. In the myocardium, type-1 protein kinase A (PKARIα) can be reversibly oxidised, forming interprotein disulphide bonds within the holoenzyme complex. However, the effect of PKARIα oxidation on downstream signalling in the heart, particularly under states of oxidative stress, remains unexplored.
Purpose
To determine the direct functional consequences of PKARIα oxidation in the heart and investigate their impact on ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
Methods and results
Experiments using the AKAR3ev FRET biosensor in murine left ventricular (LV) myocytes and Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) of GFP-tagged wild-type (WT) and mutant RIα proteins expressed in RIα-null fibroblasts showed that PKARIα oxidation does not increase the kinases' catalytic activity, but enhances its binding to A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAP; n=30–39/N=3, p<0.01). Super-resolution microscopy revealed localisation of oxidised PKARIα to lysosomes in WT myocytes, which was completely absent in “redox dead” Cys17Ser PKARIα knock-in mice (KI; panel A; n=38–41/N=3, p<0.01) and reduced when AKAP binding was prevented using the RIAD disruptor peptide (30.6±5.1% reduction; n=35–37/N=3, p<0.01).
Displacement of PKARIα from lysosomes resulted in spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release and dramatic calcium oscillations in KI LV myocytes (panel B), which were preventable by ryanodine receptor blockade (1 mM tetracaine; n=14, p<0.01), acute depletion of endolysosomal calcium stores (100 nM bafilomycin; n=7; p<0.01), or lysosomal two-pore channel inhibition (5 μM Ned-19; n=9; p<0.05).
I/R (secondary to cardiopulmonary bypass) was found to induce PKARIα oxidation in the myocardium of patients undergoing cardiac surgery (panel C; n=18, p<0.05). Absence of this response in KI mouse hearts resulted in 2-fold larger infarcts (p<0.01) and a concomitant reduction in LV contractile recovery (final LVDP of 55.9±8.6 vs 82.5±7.1 mmHg in WT; n=7–8, p<0.05), both which were prevented by addition of Ned-19 at the time of reperfusion (panel D; n=4, p<0.01).
Conclusions
Oxidised PKARIα acts as a potent inhibitor of intracellular calcium release in the heart through its redox-dependent interaction with the lysosome. In the setting of I/R, where PKARIα oxidation is induced, this regulatory mechanism is critical for protecting the heart from injury and offers a novel target for the design of cardioprotective therapeutics.
Acknowledgement/Funding
British Heart Foundation CH/12/3/29609, RG/16/12/32451; Garfield-Weston Foundation MPS/IVIMS-11/12-4032; Wellcome Trust Fellowship 0998981Z/12/Z
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Simon
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B Vrellaku
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S Monterisi
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S Chu
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - N Rawlings
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - O Lomas
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - G A Marchal
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Waithe
- University of Oxford, Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Gajendragadkar
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Jayaram
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - K Channon
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Swietach
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Zaccolo
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Eaton
- King's College London, Cardiovascular Division, The Rayne Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Casadei
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
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22
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Pathmarajah T, Chu S, Sieunarine K. A rare case of Listeria monocytogenes causing mycotic aneurysm of the common femoral artery: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2019; 61:238-241. [PMID: 31382235 PMCID: PMC6698314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressed patients may not display typical clinical or biochemical features associated with mycotic aneurysms. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for infective aetiology when treating aneurysmal disease in immunocompromised patients. It is important to obtain intraoperative tissue samples for histopathology and microbiological assessment in immunocompromised patients for detection of rare pathogens. Autogenous vein should be used in infected surgical fields to avoid the risk of prosthetic graft infection.
Introduction Mycotic aneurysms are an uncommon occurrence, withStaphylococcus and Salmonella species found to be the causative pathogen in up to 95% of cases. We believe this is the first described case of a common femoral artery mycotic aneurysm due to Listeria monocytogenes. Presentation of case A 66-year-old male presented with a two-month history of an increasing painful mass in his left groin, on the background of immunosuppression treatment for ankylosing spondylitis. He was afebrile on assessment, with a normal white cell count. Contrast enhanced CT scan showed a common femoral artery aneurysm, with no infective features. His aneurysm was excised and repaired with a Dacron tube graft. L. monocytogenes was cultured from the aneurysm tissue, and he was commenced on appropriate antibiotic treatment. The prosthetic graft was also replaced with a venous bypass of the aneurysm. Discussion L. monocytogenes is a rare cause of mycotic aneurysm with less than 40 cases reported in the literature. Immunosuppression is a recognised risk factor for Listerial infections. Immunocompromised patients may not display typical clinical or biochemical features associated with a mycotic aneurysm. Prosthetic graft infections are associated with significant mortality, with excision of the prosthetic material and venous reconstruction associated with good outcomes for eradicating infection. Conclusion This report highlights the importance of obtaining intraoperative tissue samples for microbiological and histopathological assessment in immunocompromised patients. This is important for the detection of rare organisms such as L.monocytogenes, requiring targeted antibiotic therapy. Inappropriate treatment of Listerial infections can result in serious invasive illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pathmarajah
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.
| | - S Chu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - K Sieunarine
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
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23
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Ireland JL, Sebalo I, McNeill K, Murphy K, Brewer G, Ireland CA, Chu S, Lewis M, Greenwood L, Nally T. Impacting on factors promoting intra-group aggression in secure psychiatric settings. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01400. [PMID: 30976684 PMCID: PMC6439227 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Three preliminary and linked studies investigate the impact of making alterations to factors considered relevant to engaging in and experiencing intra-group aggression (bullying) among adult male patients detained in a single secure forensic hospital. Study one (n = 44) outlines the institutional factors, attitudes towards bullying and environmental factors that increase the likelihood of engaging in bullying and/or being victimised. Study two (n = 53 patients and 167 staff) assesses the effect of three variations of intervention that aimed to reduce intra-group aggression through direct alteration of the physical and psychosocial environment, using data from both patients and staff. Study three (n = 414) looks at the effects of two variations of the intervention used in study two, which offered patients’ participation in individual and communal activities. It was predicted that changes to the physical and social environment would produce a reduction in the factors shown to predict intra-group aggression. Attitudes supportive of bullying and the presence of social hierarchies each increased the likelihood of engaging in bullying. Indirect changes to the social environment on the wards had more positive effects than those incorporating direct alterations to the physical and social environment. The differences in effectiveness of the two approaches are discussed in relation to the established predictors of intra-group aggression. The research concludes by noting the preliminary nature of the research and outlining potential directions for future research and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Ireland
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - I Sebalo
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - K McNeill
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - K Murphy
- Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - G Brewer
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,University of Liverpool, UK
| | - C A Ireland
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - S Chu
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - M Lewis
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - L Greenwood
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - T Nally
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
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24
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Yang Y, Chu S, Shang S, Yang Z, Wang C. Short communication: Genotyping and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of bovine leukemia virus in Chinese dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3469-3473. [PMID: 30712932 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes enzootic leucosis in cattle and is classified into 10 genotypes with a worldwide distribution, except for several European countries, Australia, and New Zealand. Although BLV is widespread in Chinese cows with the positive rate of 49.1% at the individual level, very little is known about the BLV genotype in dairy cattle in China. To determine BLV genetic variability in cows in China, 112 BLV-positive samples from 5 cities in China were used for BLV molecular characterization in this study. Phylogenetic analysis using the neighbor-joining method on partial env sequence encoding gp51 obtained from 5 Chinese cities and those available in GenBank (n = 53, representing BLV genotype 1-10) revealed the Chinese strains belonged to genotype 6. Seven unique SNP were identified among Yancheng, Shanghai, and Bengbu strains out of the total 12 SNP identified in Chinese strains. The genotyping coupled with SNP analysis of BLV can serve as a useful molecular epidemiological tool for tracing the source of pathogens. This study highlights the importance of genetic analysis of geographically diverse BLV strains to understand BLV global genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; International Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - S Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - S Shang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; International Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Z Yang
- International Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
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25
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Chu S, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Sun W, Zhu Q, Liu S, Chen C, Zhang Z, Huang B, Jiang F, Zhang J. Cesarean section and risks of overweight and obesity in school-aged children: a population-based study. QJM 2018; 111:859-865. [PMID: 30184122 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity puts a great health burden in the world. Previous studies suggest that caesarean section (CS) may increase the risk of obesity in children, but it is still uncertain whether this association is causal or due to residual confounding by medical indication. AIM To assess the association between CS, CS without medical indications in particular and the risk of overweight and obesity in school-aged children. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS The 2014 Shanghai Child Health, Education and Lifestyle Evaluation was a large population-based survey with cluster random probability sampling in 26 primary schools in Shanghai, China, in 2014. The mode of delivery was reported by parents. The height, weight and waist circumference of the children were measured. Logistic regression models with SURVEYLOGISTIC procedure were used to estimate the risk of childhood obesity. Pupils delivered vaginally were served as the reference group. RESULTS A total of 17 571 pupils completed this survey, and 13 724 of them who were singleton, born term and between 5 and 13 years old were included in our analysis. CS was associated with increased risks of overweight and obesity (BMI: adjusted OR = 1.28 [95%CI 1.13-1.45] and 1.44 [1.26-1.66], respectively; weight for height ratio [WHtR] >0.46: 1.33 [1.20-1.48]). Similar results were found in CS without medical indication (BMI: overweight = 1.24 [1.05-1.47], obesity = 1.43 [1.19-1.72]; WHtR > 0.46: 1.30 [1.13-1.50]). CONCLUSIONS CS overall and CS without medical indications were associated with increased risks of overweight and obesity in primary school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chu
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Child Health Advocacy Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Sun
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Zhu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Liu
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Chen
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - B Huang
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - F Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Zhang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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26
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Chu S, Li C. 145 Utilizing qSOFA Score as a Prognosis Predictor of Patients With Influenza Infection in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Valand HA, Chu S, Bhala R, Foley R, Hirsch JA, Tu RK. Comparison of Advanced Imaging Resources, Radiology Workforce, and Payment Methodologies between the United States and Canada. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:1785-1790. [PMID: 30166430 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this Practice Perspectives was to review the United States and Canadian approaches to health care access and payment for advanced imaging. The historical background, governmental role, workforce, coding, payment, radiologic challenges, cost, resource intensity, and overall outcomes in longevity are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Valand
- From the American University of Integrative Sciences (H.A.V.), Brampton, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Chu
- Vancouver Coastal Health Authority (S.C.), Washington State Radiological Society, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R Bhala
- American Society of Neuroradiology (R.B.), Oak Brook, Illinois
| | - R Foley
- Ontario Association of Radiologists (R.F.), Oakville, Ontario, Canada
| | - J A Hirsch
- Massachusetts General Hospital (J.A.H.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - R K Tu
- Progressive Radiology (R.K.T.), George Washington University, United Medical Center, Falls Church, Virginia.
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28
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Wang HX, Kang X, Chu S, Li H, Li X, Yin X, Qiu YR, Lai W. Dysregulated ICOS + proinflammatory and suppressive regulatory T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3728-3734. [PMID: 30233732 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) serve an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by regulating autoimmunity and inflammation. Humans and mice contain inducible T-cell costimulator-positive (ICOS+) Tregs, although their role in RA is unclear. A total of 33 patients with RA and 17 normal control (NC) subjects were examined. The proportion of ICOS+ Tregs in the peripheral blood and intracellular cytokine levels in these cells were assessed using flow cytometry. The percentage of ICOS+ Tregs increased in the cohort of patients with RA compared with the NCs. Such increases were much larger in patients with inactive RA compared with patients with active RA. Additionally, ICOS+ Tregs expressed multiple suppressive cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor-β and IL-35, but expressed low levels of IL-17. Importantly, the expression of suppressive cytokines in ICOS+ Tregs from patients with active RA decreased, but IL-17 expression noticeably increased compared with patients with inactive RA. The present findings suggested that ICOS+ Tregs may perform inflammatory and inhibitory functions, and abnormal ICOS+ Tregs numbers and functions may contribute to the pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xia Kang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanlou Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Chu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Rong Qiu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Weinan Lai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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29
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Chen W, Chu S, Li H, Qiu Y. MicroRNA-146a-5p enhances ginsenoside Rh2-induced anti-proliferation and the apoptosis of the human liver cancer cell line HepG2. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5367-5374. [PMID: 30197683 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of malignancy-associated mortality worldwide and its clinical therapy remains very challenging. Ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2) has been reported to have antitumor effects on some types of cancer, including liver cancer. However, its regulatory mechanism has not been extensively evaluated. In the present study, Rh2 increased the expression of microRNA (miR)-200b-5p, miR-224-3p and miR-146a-5p, and decreased the expression of miR-26b-3p and miR-29a-5p. Of the three upregulated miRs, miR-146a-5p exhibited the highest fold elevation. In accordance with a previous study, Rh2 effectively inhibited the survival of liver cancer cells in vitro and in a mouse model. In addition, it was observed that Rh2 markedly promoted liver cancer apoptosis and inhibited colony formation. Cell apoptosis and the inhibition of cell survival as well as colony formation induced by Rh2 were enhanced and weakened by miR-146a-5p overexpression and inhibition, respectively. The results of the present study provide further evidence of the antitumor effect of Rh2 in liver cancer and also demonstrate that this effect may be mediated via the regulation of miR-146a-5p expression in the liver cancer cell line HepG2. The results indicated that miR-146a-5p may be a promising regulatory factor in Rh2-mediated effects in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Chen
- Medical Laboratories, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Medical Laboratories, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510620, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Chu
- Medical Laboratories, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Li
- Medical Laboratories, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yurong Qiu
- Medical Laboratories, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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30
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Yin XF, Zhang Q, Chen ZY, Wang HF, Li X, Wang HX, Li HX, Kang CM, Chu S, Li KF, Li Y, Qiu YR. NLRP3 in human glioma is correlated with increased WHO grade, and regulates cellular proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis via epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:973-986. [PMID: 30015880 PMCID: PMC6065456 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most prevalent and fatal primary tumor of the central nervous system in adults, while the development of effective therapeutic strategies in clinical practice remain a challenge. Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich family pyrin-containing 3 (NLRP3) has been reported to be associated with tumorigenesis and progression; however, its expression and function in human glioma remain unclear. The present study was designed to explore the biological role and potential mechanism of NLRP3 in human glioma. The results demonstrated that overexpression of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β protein in human glioma tissues were significantly correlated with higher World Health Organization grades. The in vitro biological experiments demonstrated that NLRP3 downregulation significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted the apoptosis of SHG44 and A172 glioma cell lines. Furthermore, western blot assays revealed that the downregulation of NLRP3 significantly reduced the expression of ASC, caspase-1 and IL-1β protein. Furthermore, NLRP3 knockdown caused the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) and phosphorylation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Consistently, the upregulation of NLRP3 significantly increased the expression of ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β and phosphorylated-PTEN, promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT, inhibited apoptosis, and activated the AKT signaling pathway. The data of the present study indicate that NLRP3 affects human glioma progression and metastasis through multiple pathways, including EMT and PTEN/AKT signaling pathway regulation, enhanced inflammasome activation, and undefined inflammasome-independent mechanisms. Understanding the biological effects of NLRP3 in human glioma and the underlying mechanisms may offer novel insights for the development of glioma clinical therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Yin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo-Yu Chen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Fang Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Xia Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Xia Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Min Kang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Chu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Fei Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yao Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Rong Qiu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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31
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Chu S, Xia YL, Zhou J, Jiang J, Sheng QH, Ding YS. 194Baseline echocardiography-indicated impaired atrial function predicts reoccurrence and thromboembolic risks after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Chu
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - Y L Xia
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - J Zhou
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - J Jiang
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - Q H Sheng
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - Y S Ding
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
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32
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Solon AP, Bunin G, Chu S, Kardar M. Optimal paths on the road network as directed polymers. Phys Rev E 2018; 96:050301. [PMID: 29347789 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.050301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We analyze the statistics of the shortest and fastest paths on the road network between randomly sampled end points. We find that, to a good approximation, the optimal paths can be described as directed polymers in a disordered medium, which belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class of interface roughening. Comparing the scaling behavior of our data with simulations of directed polymers and previous theoretical results, we are able to point out the few characteristics of the road network that are relevant to the large-scale statistics of optimal paths. Indeed, we show that the local structure is akin to a disordered environment with a power-law distribution which become less important at large scales where long-ranged correlations in the network control the scaling behavior of the optimal paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Solon
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Bunin
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - S Chu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Kardar
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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33
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Koh Y, Chu S, Shaw J, Walker R. Close Versus Distant Administration of Erythropoietin and Acute Coronary Syndrome Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Patients on Dialysis. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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34
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Geller M, Bendzick L, Ryan C, Chu S, Lenvik A, Skubitz A, Boylan K, Isaksson Vogel R, Miller J, Felices M. Combination therapy with IL-15 superagonist (ALT-803) and PD-1 blockade enhances human NK cell immunotherapy against ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Lee S, Lee J, Lee J, Chu S, Cha S, Park H. Cell protectant of clinical grade for cell delivery without cryopreservation. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Hemida MG, Chu DKW, Perera RAPM, Ko RLW, So RTY, Ng BCY, Chan SMS, Chu S, Alnaeem AA, Alhammadi MA, Webby RJ, Poon LLM, Balasuriya UBR, Peiris M. Coronavirus infections in horses in Saudi Arabia and Oman. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 64:2093-2103. [PMID: 28296228 PMCID: PMC7169745 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Equine coronaviruses (ECoV) are the only coronavirus known to infect horses. So far, data on ECoV infection in horses remain limited to the USA, France and Japan and its geographic distribution is not well understood. We carried out RT‐PCR on 306 nasal and 315 rectal swabs and tested 243 sera for antibodies to detect coronavirus infections in apparently healthy horses in Saudi Arabia and Oman. We document evidence of infection with ECoV and HKU23 coronavirus by RT‐PCR. There was no conclusive evidence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in horses. Serological data suggest that lineage A betacoronavirus infections are commonly infecting horses in Saudi Arabia and Oman but antibody cross‐reactivities between these viruses do not permit us to use serological data alone to identify which coronaviruses are causing these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Hemida
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Virology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kaferelsheik University, Kaferelsheik, Egypt
| | - D K W Chu
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - R A P M Perera
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - R L W Ko
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - R T Y So
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - B C Y Ng
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - S M S Chan
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - S Chu
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - A A Alnaeem
- Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Alhammadi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - R J Webby
- Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - L L M Poon
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - U B R Balasuriya
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - M Peiris
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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37
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Chen E, Chu S, Gov L, Kim Y, Lodoen M, Tenner A, Liu W. CD200 modulates macrophage cytokine secretion and phagocytosis in response to poly(lactic co-glycolic acid) microparticles and films. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1574-1584. [PMID: 28736613 PMCID: PMC5515357 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02269c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatibility is a major concern for developing biomaterials used in medical devices, tissue engineering and drug delivery. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most widely used biodegradable materials, yet still triggers a significant foreign body response that impairs healing. Immune cells including macrophages respond to the implanted biomaterial and mediate the host response, which can eventually lead to device failure. Previously in our laboratory, we found that CD200, an immunomodulatory protein, suppressed macrophage inflammatory activation in vitro and reduced local immune cell infiltration around a biomaterial implant. While in our initial study we used polystyrene as a model material, here we investigate the effect of CD200 on PLGA, a commonly used biomaterial with many potential clinical applications. We fabricated PLGA with varied geometries, modified their surfaces with CD200, and examined macrophage cytokine secretion and phagocytosis. We found that CD200 suppressed secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and enhanced secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, suggesting a role for CD200 in promoting wound healing and tissue remodeling. In addition, we found that CD200 increased phagocytosis in both murine macrophages and human monocytes. Together, these data suggest that modification with CD200 leads to a response that simultaneously prevents inflammation and enhances phagocytosis. This immunomodulatory feature may be used as a strategy to mitigate inflammation or deliver drugs or anti-inflammatory agents targeting macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.Y. Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine
| | - S. Chu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine
| | - L. Gov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine
| | - Y.K. Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine
| | - M.B. Lodoen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine
| | - A.J. Tenner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine
| | - W.F. Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine
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38
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Felices M, Chu S, Kodal B, Bendzick L, Ryan C, Lenvik AJ, Boylan KLM, Wong HC, Skubitz APN, Miller JS, Geller MA. IL-15 super-agonist (ALT-803) enhances natural killer (NK) cell function against ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 145:453-461. [PMID: 28236454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Natural killer (NK) cells represent a powerful immunotherapeutic target as they lyse tumors directly, do not require differentiation, and can elicit potent inflammatory responses. The objective of these studies was to use an IL-15 super-agonist complex, ALT-803 (Altor BioScience Corporation), to enhance the function of both normal and ovarian cancer patient derived NK cells by increasing cytotoxicity and cytokine production. METHODS NK cell function from normal donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and ovarian cancer patient ascites was assessed using flow cytometry and chromium release assays ±ALT-803 stimulation. To evaluate the ability of ALT-803 to enhance NK cell function in vivo against ovarian cancer, we used a MA148-luc ovarian cancer NOD scid gamma (NSG) xenogeneic mouse model with transferred human NK cells. RESULTS ALT-803 potently enhanced functionality of NK cells against all ovarian cancer cell lines with significant increases seen in CD107a, IFNγ and TNFα expression depending on target cell line. Function was also rescued in NK cells derived from ovarian cancer patient ascites. Finally, only animals treated with intraperitoneal ALT-803 displayed an NK dependent significant decrease in tumor. CONCLUSIONS ALT-803 enhances NK cell cytotoxicity against ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo and is able to rescue functionality of NK cells derived from ovarian cancer patient ascites. These findings suggest that ALT-803 has the potential to enhance NK cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Felices
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - S Chu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - B Kodal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - L Bendzick
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - C Ryan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - A J Lenvik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - K L M Boylan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - H C Wong
- Altor BioScience Corporation, Miramar, FL, United States
| | - A P N Skubitz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - J S Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - M A Geller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Fuller P, Leung D, Chu S. Genetics and genomics of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors. Clin Genet 2017; 91:285-291. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P.J. Fuller
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism; Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Clayton Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science; Monash University; Clayton Australia
| | - D. Leung
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism; Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Clayton Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science; Monash University; Clayton Australia
| | - S. Chu
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism; Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Clayton Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science; Monash University; Clayton Australia
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Li H, Yin X, Sun D, Xia K, Kang C, Chu S, Zhang P, Wang H, Qiu Y. Detection of NT-pro BNP using fluorescent protein modified by streptavidin as a label in immunochromatographic assay. Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Yeung WW, Ma BB, Lee JF, Ng SS, Cheung MH, Ho WM, Tsang MW, Chu S, Lam DC, Mo FK. Clinical outcome of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer at a tertiary hospital. Hong Kong Med J 2016; 22:546-55. [PMID: 27795447 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj154788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the clinical outcome of locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by definitive surgery with or without adjuvant chemotherapy and to elucidate the prognostic factors for treatment outcome. METHODS This historical cohort study was conducted at a tertiary public hospital in Hong Kong. All patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer in our department from November 2005 to October 2014 were recruited. Local recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival of patients were documented. RESULTS A total of 135 patients who had received neoadjuvant chemoradiation during the study period were reviewed. There were 130 patients who had completed neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery. The median follow-up time was 35.1 months. The 3- and 5-year local recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, as well as overall survival rates were 91.8% and 86.7%, 73.9% and 72.1%, 70.1% and 64.6%, as well as 86.5% and 68.4%, respectively. The rate of pathological complete response was 13.8%. The T and N downstaging rate was 49.2% and 63.1%, respectively. The rate of conversion from threatened circumferential resection margin to clearance of margin was 90.6%. Of the 42 cases that were initially deemed to require abdominal perineal resection, 15 (35.7%) were converted to sphincter-sparing surgery. CONCLUSIONS The treatment outcome of neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer was comparable with overseas data in terms of local control rate and overall survival. This strategy may increase the chance of achieving a clear surgical margin by downstaging the tumour, especially in patients who presented with threatened circumferential margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wk Yeung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - B By Ma
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Fy Lee
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S Sm Ng
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - M Hy Cheung
- Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Sheung Shui, Hong Kong
| | - W M Ho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - M Wk Tsang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S Chu
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - D Cm Lam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - F Kf Mo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Kang CM, Hu YW, Nie Y, Zhao JY, Li SF, Chu S, Li HX, Huang QS, Qiu YR. Long non-coding RNA RP5-833A20.1 inhibits proliferation, metastasis and cell cycle progression by suppressing the expression of NFIA in U251 cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5288-5296. [PMID: 27779670 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Early reports suggest that nuclear factor IA (NFIA) is important in the pathogenesis of glioma. Our previous study demonstrated that the long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA), RP5‑833A20.1, suppressed the expression of NFIA in THP‑1 macrophage-derived foam cells. However, the effect and possible mechanism of RP5‑833A20.1 on glioma remains to be fully elucidated, and whether the NFIA-dependent pathway is involved in its progression has not been investigated. In the present study, the mechanisms by which RP5‑833A20.1 regulates the expression of NFIA in glioma were investigated. The expression levels of RP5‑833A20.1 and NFIA were determined in U251 cells and clinical samples using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The effects of RP5‑833A20.1 on cell proliferation, invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated using in vitro assays. The potential changes in protein expression were investigated using western blot analysis. The methylation status of the CpG island in the NFIA promoter was determined using bisulfite PCR (BSP) sequencing. It was found that the expression of RP5‑833A20.1 was downregulated, whereas the expression of NFIA was upregulated in glioma tissues, compared with corresponding adjacent nontumor tissues from 20 patients with glioma. The overexpression of RP5‑833A20.1 inhibited proliferation and cell cycle progression, and induced apoptosis in the U251 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of NFIA were markedly inhibited by overexpression of RP5‑833A20.1 in the U251 cells. The overexpression of RP5‑833A20.1 increased the expression of microRNA‑382‑5p in the U251 cells. The BSP assay revealed that the overexpression of RP5‑833A20.1 enhanced the methylation level of the NFIA promoter. These results demonstrated that RP5‑833A20.1 inhibited tumor cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and inhibited cell‑cycle progression by suppressing the expression of NFIA in U251 cells. Collectively, these results indicated RP5‑833A20.1 as a novel therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Min Kang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Wei Hu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ying Nie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Yi Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Fen Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Chu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Xia Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Shui Huang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Rong Qiu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Wang HX, Cheng JS, Chu S, Qiu YR, Zhong XP. mTORC2 in Thymic Epithelial Cells Controls Thymopoiesis and T Cell Development. J Immunol 2016; 197:141-50. [PMID: 27233961 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) play important roles in T cell generation. Mechanisms that control TEC development and function are still not well defined. The mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC)2 signals to regulate cell survival, nutrient uptake, and metabolism. We report in the present study that mice with TEC-specific ablation of Rictor, a critical and unique adaptor molecule in mTORC2, display thymic atrophy, which accompanies decreased TEC numbers in the medulla. Moreover, generation of multiple T cell lineages, including conventional TCRαβ T cells, regulatory T cells, invariant NKT cells, and TCRγδ T cells, was reduced in TEC-specific Rictor-deficient mice. Our data demonstrate that mTORC2 in TECs is important for normal thymopoiesis and efficient T cell generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Joyce S Cheng
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710; Pre-Med (BS/MD) Health Scholar Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19222
| | - Shuai Chu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Yu-Rong Qiu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China;
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhong
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710; Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710; and Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapies Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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Huang Q, Chu S, Yin X, Yu X, Kang C, Li X, Qiu Y. Interleukin-17A-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Intrahepatic Biliary Epithelial Cells: Implications for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2016; 240:269-275. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.240.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingshui Huang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Shuai Chu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Xiaobin Yu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Chunmin Kang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Xin Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Yurong Qiu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
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Zang F, Chu S, Gerasopoulos K, Culver JN, Ghodssi R. Rapid fabrication of supercapacitor electrodes using bionanoscaffolds in capillary microfluidics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/660/1/012010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Chu S, Li H, Li X, Kang X, Huang Q, Wang H, Qiu Y. [Role of glycogen synthase kinase 3β in maturation and function of murine myeloid dendritic cells in vitro]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2015; 35:1809-1814. [PMID: 26714922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) in the maturation and function of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). METHODS Mature DCs (mDCs) induced by LPS were examined for GSK-3β phosphorylation level with Western blotting before and after LPS exposure. To explore the role of GSK-3β in maturation and function of DCs, we added SB216763, a selective inhibitor of GSK-3β, in the cell culture of immature DCs (iDCs), and examined CD40 and CD86 expressions in the cells by flow cytometry and the expression of IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10 mRNA by real-time PCR; the changes of the immunogenicity of the cells was evaluated by mixed lymphocyte reaction. The expression of GSK-3β and RelB was examined by Western blotting in DC2.4 cells transfected with a lentiviral vector over-expressing murine GSK-3β gene. RESULTS LPS exposure significantly lowered GSK-3β activity in iDCs as demonstrated by increased Ser9 phosphorylation and reduced Tyr216 phosphorylation. GSK-3β inhibition induced DC maturation by increasing the expression of surface costimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86, lowered the expressions of IL-6 and IL-12 while enhanced the expression of IL-10 in iDCs, and impaired mixed lymphocyte reaction of the cells. In DC2.4 cells, lentivirus-mediated over-expression of GSK-3β obviously down-regulated the expression of RelB. CONCLUSIONS GSK-3β is a crucial enzyme involved in the differentiation and maintenance of an immature phenotype of DCs. GSK-3β is constitutively active in iDCs to inhibit their spontaneous maturation. DCs become phenotypically mature after inhibition of GSK-3β, which also executes a proinflammatory task in DC activation. The reduction of RelB protein levels as a result of GSK-3β overexpression supports GSK-3β as a new target for inducing tolerogenic DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. E-mail:
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Alogna VK, Attaya MK, Aucoin P, Bahník Š, Birch S, Birt AR, Bornstein BH, Bouwmeester S, Brandimonte MA, Brown C, Buswell K, Carlson C, Carlson M, Chu S, Cislak A, Colarusso M, Colloff MF, Dellapaolera KS, Delvenne JF, Di Domenico A, Drummond A, Echterhoff G, Edlund JE, Eggleston CM, Fairfield B, Franco G, Gabbert F, Gamblin BW, Garry M, Gentry R, Gilbert EA, Greenberg DL, Halberstadt J, Hall L, Hancock PJB, Hirsch D, Holt G, Jackson JC, Jong J, Kehn A, Koch C, Kopietz R, Körner U, Kunar MA, Lai CK, Langton SRH, Leite FP, Mammarella N, Marsh JE, McConnaughy KA, McCoy S, McIntyre AH, Meissner CA, Michael RB, Mitchell AA, Mugayar-Baldocchi M, Musselman R, Ng C, Nichols AL, Nunez NL, Palmer MA, Pappagianopoulos JE, Petro MS, Poirier CR, Portch E, Rainsford M, Rancourt A, Romig C, Rubínová E, Sanson M, Satchell L, Sauer JD, Schweitzer K, Shaheed J, Skelton F, Sullivan GA, Susa KJ, Swanner JK, Thompson WB, Todaro R, Ulatowska J, Valentine T, Verkoeijen PPJL, Vranka M, Wade KA, Was CA, Weatherford D, Wiseman K, Zaksaite T, Zuj DV, Zwaan RA. Registered Replication Report: Schooler and Engstler-Schooler (1990). Perspect Psychol Sci 2014; 9:556-78. [PMID: 26186758 DOI: 10.1177/1745691614545653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trying to remember something now typically improves your ability to remember it later. However, after watching a video of a simulated bank robbery, participants who verbally described the robber were 25% worse at identifying the robber in a lineup than were participants who instead listed U.S. states and capitals-this has been termed the "verbal overshadowing" effect (Schooler & Engstler-Schooler, 1990). More recent studies suggested that this effect might be substantially smaller than first reported. Given uncertainty about the effect size, the influence of this finding in the memory literature, and its practical importance for police procedures, we conducted two collections of preregistered direct replications (RRR1 and RRR2) that differed only in the order of the description task and a filler task. In RRR1, when the description task immediately followed the robbery, participants who provided a description were 4% less likely to select the robber than were those in the control condition. In RRR2, when the description was delayed by 20 min, they were 16% less likely to select the robber. These findings reveal a robust verbal overshadowing effect that is strongly influenced by the relative timing of the tasks. The discussion considers further implications of these replications for our understanding of verbal overshadowing.
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Sahebally SM, Burke JP, Chu S, Mabadeje O, Geoghegan J. A randomized controlled trial comparing polyethylene glycol + ascorbic acid with sodium picosulphate + magnesium citrate solution for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy. Ir J Med Sci 2014; 184:819-23. [PMID: 25156179 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-014-1182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adequate bowel cleansing which is acceptable to the patient is a prerequisite for safe and effective colonoscopy. A 2-L polyethylene glycol solution containing ascorbic acid and electrolytes (PEG-Asc) is an alternative to sodium picosulphate + magnesium citrate (SPS-Mg) for bowel preparation. The aim of the current study is to compare PEG-Asc to SPS-Mg in terms of tolerability and efficacy. METHODS This was a single blind, randomized controlled trial. A blinded assessment of bowel cleansing was made by the attending endoscopist. Patients completed a questionnaire on the acceptability of the preparation. RESULTS One hundred and thirty (130) consecutive patients attending for day case colonoscopy were randomly allocated to bowel preparation with PEG-Asc (n = 66) or SPS-Mg (n = 64). More patients found PEG-Asc to taste unpleasant (37.9 vs. 10.9%, P < 0.001) and more patients found PEG-Asc to be a more distressing preparation than SPS-Mg (15.1 vs. 4.7%, P = 0.043). However, there was no difference in the proportion of patients being able to complete bowel preparation (PEG-Asc vs. SPS-Mg, 92.4 vs. 93.8%, P = 0.520). There was no detectable difference between PEG-Asc and SPS-Mg in the quality of cleansing with a good or very good preparation being reported by the endoscopist in 46.9 and 54.5% of cases, respectively (P = 0.242). CONCLUSIONS More patients find PEG-Asc to taste unpleasant and to be a more distressing preparation than SPS-Mg. However, there was no detectable difference between PEG-Asc and SPS-Mg in bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Sahebally
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - J P Burke
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - S Chu
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - O Mabadeje
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Geoghegan
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland
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Lee K, Patel S, Hayashibara K, Chu S, Gillis A, Rijlaarsdam M, Dorssers L, Looijenga L. 699: MicroRNA profiling in serum samples from donors with germ cell cancer. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Degoricija L, Lee K, Patel S, Chu S, Gillis A, Rijlaarsdam M, Dorssers L, Looijenga L. 703: Whole transcriptome analysis of testicular germ cell tumors. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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