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Shi B, Lin CC, Lee CJ, Ning DS, Lin CC, Zhao HW, Yang CS, Deng SX, Chiu YJ, Wang CC. Anti-osteoporotic effects of Yi Mai Jian on bone metabolism of ovariectomized rats. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1326415. [PMID: 38606179 PMCID: PMC11007778 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1326415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Yi Mai Jian herbal formula (YMJ) is formulated with Eucommiae Folium, Astragali Radix, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, and Elaeagnus Fructus to improve bone function in traditional Chinese medicine. The anti-osteoporotic effects of YMJ in bone metabolism were evaluated in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The skeletal structure of the femur and vertebrae was analyzed after treating OVX rats with YMJ for 114 days. The results showed that YMJ significantly increased the bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular number (Tb. N) of the femur and 5th lumbar vertebrae and reduced trabecular separation (Tb. Sp). Moreover, trabecular bone volume/total tissue volume (BV/TV), bone stiffness, and maximum femur load were significantly increased. The serum concentrations of NTX1 and PYD were significantly decreased. According to these results, YMJ could ameliorate osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Eucommiae Folium and Elaeagnus Fructus inhibited osteoclast differentiation, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus inhibited calcium reabsorption, Astragali Radix stimulated osteoblast proliferation, and Astragali Radix and Eucommiae Folium stimulated mineralization. Therefore, the combination of the four herbs into one formula, YMJ, could alleviate bone remodeling caused by low estrogen levels. We suggest that YMJ could be a healthy food candidate for preventing post-menopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shi
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangxhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Che-Chun Lin
- PhD Program for Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Guangzhou, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- PhD Program for Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Guangzhou, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - De-Shan Ning
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangxhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao-Chi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Wei Zhao
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangxhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang-Syun Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Xin Deng
- PhD Program for Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Guangzhou, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Jia Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- PhD Program for Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Guangzhou, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hsiung SY, Deng SX, Li J, Huang SY, Liaw CK, Huang SY, Wang CC, Hsieh YSY. Machine learning-based monosaccharide profiling for tissue-specific classification of Wolfiporia extensa samples. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 322:121338. [PMID: 37839831 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) has been used for many clinical decision-making processes and diagnostic procedures in bioinformatics applications. We examined eight algorithms, including linear discriminant analysis (LDA), logistic regression (LR), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF), gradient boosting machine (GBM), support vector machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes classifier (NB), and artificial neural network (ANN) models, to evaluate their classification and prediction capabilities for four tissue types in Wolfiporia extensa using their monosaccharide composition profiles. All 8 ML-based models were assessed as exemplary models with AUC exceeding 0.8. Five models, namely LDA, KNN, RF, GBM, and ANN, performed excellently in the four-tissue-type classification (AUC > 0.9). Additionally, all eight models were evaluated as good predictive models with AUC value > 0.8 in the three-tissue-type classification. Notably, all 8 ML-based methods outperformed the single linear discriminant analysis (LDA) plotting method. For large sample sizes, the ML-based methods perform better than traditional regression techniques and could potentially increase the accuracy in identifying tissue samples of W. extensa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yi Hsiung
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Xin Deng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing Li
- College of Life Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Huang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Kun Liaw
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yun Huang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yves S Y Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm SE106 91, Sweden.
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Hsieh CY, Wang CC, Tayo LL, Deng SX, Tsai PW, Lee CJ. In vitro and in vivo anti-osteoarthritis effects of tradition Chinese prescription Ji-Ming-San. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 305:116084. [PMID: 36584922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ji-Ming-Shan (JMS) is a traditional herbal prescription consisting of seven herbs including Areca cathechu Burm.f., Citrus reticulata Blanco, Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai, Euodia ruticarpa (A. Juss.) Benth., Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.). It was first recorded during the Song dynasty and has been used extensively for protection against rheumatism, treatment of swelling of tendons, relief from foot pain, gout and diuresis and other forms of inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis activity of JMS extracts with the use of different cell lines (RAW 264.7 cells, SW1353 cells and primary cultured rat chondrocytes). MIA-induced rat animal models were used to assess the anti-osteoarthritis activity of the extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of JMS-95E on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. For the in vivo study, male Wistar rats were used and they were randomly assigned in different groups: blank, control, positive control and three different JMS-95E treatment groups (200, 400, 800 mg/kg/d). Paw edema, hind-limb weight bearing, serum inflammatory cytokines including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining experiments were used to assess the efficacy of the extract in the rat model. RESULT JMS 95% ethanol extract (JMS-95E, marker substance: narirutin (5.10 mg/g) and hesperidin (11.33 mg/g) has been identified in the extract using high pressure liquid chromatography. For in vitro assays, JMS-95E did not exhibit cytotoxicity and was able to downregulate the protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 and MMP-13. The production of inflammatory mediators such as NO and PGE2 were also reduced with an increase in dose-dependent manner in various cell lines. Inhibitory activity on the key enzyme xanthine oxidase was also observed in this study. In rat animal models, JMS-95E reduced the inflammatory responses such as acute swelling, chondrocyte degradation and pain section of paw edema in rat model. Molecular marker studies of inflammation demonstrated that JMS-95E significantly decrease PGE2 expression in MIA model. CONCLUSION JMS-95E inhibited the inflammatory pathway leading to the production or expression levels of NO, iNOS, COX-2 and PGE2 in macrophage cells. In primary cultured rat chondrocytes iNOS and SW1353 MMP-13 expression were downregulated after JMS-95E treatment. For the in vivo study JMS-95E significantly reduced the paw volume of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema through each dose and significantly inhibited paw volume, counterweight the distribution of hind-paw weight bearing through the MIA model which means JMS-95E could promote recovery of the acute swelling and chondrocyte degradation of the ankle joints. The above results provided the multiple mechanism of JMS-95E in OA treatment of the scientific founding which supported the description of JMS in traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Lemmuel L Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila, 1002, Metro Manila, Philippines.
| | - Shun-Xin Deng
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 711, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Deng RH, Li J, Zhang HX, Li J, Fu Q, Huang G, Liu LS, Fei JG, Chen WF, Yang SC, Wang CX, Deng SX. [Therapeutic effect of tonsillectomy on IgA nephropathy after kidney transplantation]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:2378-2382. [PMID: 32791815 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20191120-02526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the clinical effect of tonsillectomy on IgA nephropathy (IgAN) after renal transplantation. Methods: From March 2011 to July 2018, 201 kidney transplantation recipients who were diagnosed of IgAN by transplant renal biopsy in the Department of Organ Transplantation of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were retrospectively reviewed, of which 18 patients underwent tonsillectomy after renal biopsy. The clinical data of the 18 patients were collected, patient and kidney survival time and function of the transplanted kidney were analyzed. Results: Of the 18 recipients, 13 were male and 5 were female, with an average age of (36.0±10.9) years. All 18 patients survived during follow-up. Two patients returned to dialysis treatment 10 months and 14 months after tonsillectomy, respectively. The creatinine was 94 (78, 133) μmol/L, 95 (74, 139) μmol/L, 106 (87, 158) μmol/L and 95(81, 147) μmol/L before tonsillectomy, 3 months, 1 year and 2 years after tonsillectomy, respectively (P=0.206). Urinary protein quantification was 0.31 (0.16, 1.38) g/24 h, 0.34 (0.10, 1.42) g/24 h, 0.33 (0.11, 0.56) g/24 h and 0.25 (0.10, 0.50) g/24 h at the same time points, respectively (P=0.104). The two patients who returned to dialysis were diagnosed of IgAN by transplant renal biopsy because of elevated creatinine, proteinuria and hematuria, 9 years and 4 years after kidney transplant respectively. Renal biopsy suggested that glomerular and segmental sclerosis were 7/24, 5/24 and 1/6, 2/6, respectively. Additionally, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA) were both occupied 30% in the biopsies, and tonsillectomy was performed 461 days and 1 077 days after diagnosis of IgAN, respectively. Conclusions: Tonsillectomy can maintain the stability of renal function and prevent the aggravation of proteinuria in IgAN patients after renal transplantation. However, if pathology suggests obvious glomerulosclerosis or IF/TA, tonsillectomy may not be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Deng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - H X Zhang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Q Fu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - G Huang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - L S Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - J G Fei
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - W F Chen
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S C Yang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - C X Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S X Deng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Hong J, Chen J, Sun X, Deng SX, Chen L, Gong L, Cao W, Yu X, Xu J. Paediatric bacterial keratitis cases in Shanghai: microbiological profile, antibiotic susceptibility and visual outcomes. Eye (Lond) 2012; 26:1571-8. [PMID: 23079751 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2012.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to review the microbiological profile, in vitro antibiotic susceptibility and visual outcomes of paediatric microbial keratitis in Shanghai, China over the past 6 years. METHODS Medical records of patients aged ≤16 years were reviewed, who were diagnosed as having bacterial keratitis between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2010. Bacterial culture results and in vitro antibiotic susceptibility were analysed. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between visual impairment and possible risk factors. RESULTS Eighty consecutive cases of paediatric bacterial keratitis cases were included, among which 59 were identified as having positive culture. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most commonly isolated organism (n=23; 39.0%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=11; 18.6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=6; 10.2%). Antibiotic sensitivities revealed that tested bacteria had low resistance rates to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides (8.3-18.4% and 12.5-24.4%, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis proved that visual impairment was significantly associated with Gram-negative bacterial infection (odds ratio (OR)=7.626; P=0.043) and an increasing number of resistant antibiotics (OR=0.385; P=0.040). CONCLUSIONS S. epidermidis was the most common isolated organism in Shanghai paediatric keratitis. The fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides remained good choices for treating these patients. Gram-negative bacterial infection and an increasing number of resistant antibiotics were associated with worse visual prognoses in paediatric keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, School of Shanghai Medicine, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, China
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He GZ, Tian WY, Qian N, Cheng AC, Deng SX. Quantitative studies of the distribution pattern for Salmonella Enteritidis in the internal organs of chicken after oral challenge by a real-time PCR. Vet Res Commun 2010; 34:669-76. [PMID: 20665111 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-010-9438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This research was undertaken to identify and understand the regular distribution pattern for Salmonella Enteritidis (S. enteritidis) in the internal organs of chicken after oral challenge over a 3 wk period. We used a real-time, fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) to detect genomic DNA of S. enteritidis in the blood and the internal organs, including heart, liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas, and gallbladder, from chicken after oral challenge at different time points. The results showed that the spleen was positive at 12 h post inoculation (PI), and the blood was at 14 h PI. The organism was detected in the liver and heart at 16 h PI, pancrea was positive at 20 h PI, and the final organ to show a positive results were the kidney and gallbladder at 22 h PI. The copy number of S. enteritidis DNA in each tissue reached a peak at 24 h-36 h PI, with the liver and spleen containing high concentrations of S. enteritidis, whereas the blood, heart, kidney, pancreas, and gallbladder had low concentrations. S. enteritidis populations began to decrease and were not detectable at 3 d PI, but were still present up to 12 d PI in the gallbladder, 2 wk for the liver, and 3 wk for the spleen without causing apparent symptoms. The results showed that the liver and spleen may be the primary sites for S. enteritidis setting itself up as a commensa over a long time after oral challenge. Interestingly, it may be the first time reported that the gallbladder is a site of carriage for S. enteritidis over a 12 d period. This study will help to understand the mechanisms of action of S. enteritidis infection in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Z He
- Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China.
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Abstract
The distribution patterns of Salmonella Enteritidis in systemic organs, which have not been described previously, should be studied to better understand its pathogenesis in vivo. We inoculated the ducklings with Salmonella Enteritidis via the nasal route and performed a real-time PCR assay for determining the concentration of Salmonella Enteritidis DNA and studied the histopathology of various tissues postinoculation. The results show that the Salmonella Enteritidis load in systemic organs has a close correlation with the progression of disease. Further, rapid dissemination and active replication of Salmonella Enteritidis in multiple systemic organs accelerated the progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Deng
- Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan Province, 625014, China
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Deng SX, Cheng AC, Wang MS, Yan B, Yin NC, Cao SY, Zhang ZH, Cao P. The pathogenesis of Salmonella enteritidis in experimentally infected ducks: a quantitative time-course study using taqman polymerase chain reaction. Poult Sci 2008; 87:1768-72. [PMID: 18753444 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ducks were subcutaneously infected with a high-virulence strain of Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis). The kinetics of the Salmonella Enteritidis genomic DNA loads, the immunohistochemical localization of the bacterial antigens, and the histopathological examination in various tissues were investigated. The results showed that the time course of the appearance of the Salmonella Enteritidis bacterial antigens and the lesions in various tissues was coincident with the bacterial load of the organism in various infected tissues. This suggests that Salmonella Enteritidis loads in systemic organs are closely correlated with the progression of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Deng
- Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
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Deng SX, Cheng AC, Wang MS, Li XR, Yan B. Replication kinetics of Salmonella enteritidis in internal organs of ducklings after oral challenge: a quantitative time-course study using real-time PCR. Vet Res Commun 2008; 33:273-80. [PMID: 18781393 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-008-9175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This research was undertaken to understand the replication kinetics of Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) in the internal organs of ducklings after oral challenge over a 2 wk period. A serovar-specific real-time, fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) assay was used to detect genomic DNA of S. enteritidis in the blood and the internal organs at different time points respectively. The results showed that the spleen was positive at 12 h post inoculation (PI) and the blood was at 14 h PI. The organism was detected in the liver and heart at 16 h PI, the pancreas and kidney were positive at 20 h PI, and the final organ to show a positive results was the gallbladder at 22 h PI. The copy number of S. enteritidis DNA in each tissue reached a peak at 24 h-36 h PI, with the liver and spleen containing the highest concentration of S. enteritidis. The blood, heart, kidney, pancreas, and gallbladder had low concentrations. S. enteritidis populations began to decrease and were not detectable at 3 d PI, but were still present up to 2 wk for the spleen without causing apparent symptoms. To make the results meaningful, a side-by-side bacteriology method (IFA) was performed. The results of IFA were similar to the FQ-PCR assay. This research provided a significant data for understanding the life cycle of S. enteritidis in the internal organs, and may help to understand the pathogenesis of S.entertidis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Deng
- Avian Diseases Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, Sichuan Province, China
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Wang CX, Meng FH, Chen LZ, Ren B, Li SX, Fei JG, Qiu J, Deng SX, Li J, Chen SY. Population pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid in senile Chinese kidney transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:1392-5. [PMID: 17580146 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To explore the pharmacokinetic characteristics of mycophenolic acid (MPA) among elderly Chinese kidney transplant recipients, we enrolled 24 patients over 60 years old (65.6 +/- 3.6) as the (Gs) group and 24 patients of 39.6 +/- 14.3 years old as a control group (Ga). Venous blood samples were taken at 0 (predose), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hours after the morning dose of mycophenolate mofetil at 10 to 12 weeks posttransplant. Plasma MPA concentrations were measured by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. Within 6-month posttransplant follow-up, there had not been an acute rejection episode when five elderly and one other adult experienced severe adverse events (SAEs), such as pneumonia and leukocytopenia. MPA area under the curve (AUC) in Gs was significantly lower than that among Ga (P < .05), while there was no significant difference in predose, peak concentrations, or peak times (P > .05). The concentration-time curve of Gs showed a bipeak pattern in five patients (20.8%) during the early stage (2 to 4 hours postdose). AUC in the subgroup of Gs with SAEs (n = 5) was significantly higher than that of elderly subjects without SAEs (n = 19) (P = .042). When Gs were subdivided at a cutting AUC point of 25 mug/mL, the SAE incidence was significantly higher in the subgroup with a higher AUC than than those with the lower AUC (P = .047). Through multiple stepwise regression, we obtained a minimal model to estimate MPA AUC of elderly recipients: AUC = 3.0410 + 9.8588 x C(0) + 0.5963 x C(0.5) + 2.5612 x C(3) (R(2) = .893).
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Affiliation(s)
- C X Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Wang CX, Liu LS, Chen LZ, Chen SY, Wu PG, Fei JG, Qiu J, Deng SX, Zheng KL, Ji YL, Zhu LY, Shen QR, He XS. Characteristics of Neoplasm Occurrence and the Therapeutic Effect of Sirolimus in South Chinese Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:3536-9. [PMID: 17175325 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kidney transplantation (KTx) recipients are at a higher risk of oncogenesis when compared to the general population. Sirolimus (SRL), a potent immunosuppressant, has shown promising antineoplastic effects in vitro and in vivo. This study retrospectively analyzed the neoplasm occurrence and the efficiency of SRL on unresectable malignancies in South Chinese KTx recipients. Thirty-three (1.64%) of 2017 patients who received KTx from January 1984 to December 2004 developed neoplasms at 4 to 117 months posttransplant, mostly in digestive organs (33.3%), the hematologic system (15.2%), or the skin (12.1%). The most common type was liver cancer (24.2%), followed by skin cancer, lymphoma, and thyroid cancer (9.1%). The median survival times were 41.5 and 6.0 months for those who did (n = 10) receive radical surgery or did not (n = 23), respectively. The 20-month survival rates were 70.0% versus 13.0% (P < .01). For unresectable patients, the median survival time of those treated with SRL (n = 8) was 14.5 months compared to 3.0 months for those who did not (n = 15). The survival rates at 12(th) and 20(th) months were 75.0% and 37.5% in the SRL group and 6.7% and 0% in the non-SRL group (P < .05). In conclusion, when compared with Western studies, a lower incidence and unique location pattern (liver cancer-dominant) are characteristics of de novo posttransplant neoplasms in South Chinese KTx recipients. Early diagnosis and feasible radical surgery are favorable for prognosis, and SRL is a treatment of choice for KTx recipients with neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C X Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Baird TJ, Deng SX, Landry DW, Winger G, Woods JH. Natural and artificial enzymes against cocaine. I. Monoclonal antibody 15A10 and the reinforcing effects of cocaine in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000; 295:1127-34. [PMID: 11082449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports have indicated the potential usefulness of anticocaine catalytic monoclonal antibodies in reducing cocaine's toxic and reinforcing effects by altering its pharmacokinetics to favor increased metabolism to the systemically inert products ecgonine methylester and benzoic acid. The present study was designed to further these findings by evaluating the hypothesis that administration of the anticocaine catalytic monoclonal antibody mAb 15A10 would dose and time dependently reduce behavior maintained by a range of doses of i.v. cocaine. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained in daily 8-h sessions to self-administer i.v. cocaine. A within-session multiple-dose protocol was used wherein rats were allowed access to saline or one of six doses of cocaine [0 (saline), 0.015, 0.03, 0.06, 0 (saline), 0.125, 0.25, or 0.5 mg/kg/injection] each hour in the order stated. After demonstrating stable dose-response curves over 3 consecutive days, rats were given 30-min pretreatments of saline or mAb 15A10, (10, 30, or 100 mg/kg i.v.). Antibody, but not saline, pretreatments significantly altered dose-response curves for cocaine self-administration in a dose- and time-dependent manner, resulting in downward and rightward shifts in rates of responding across the cocaine dose range. These effects were apparently not attributable to general behavioral suppression, because operant behavior for an alternative reinforcer was not likewise affected. The present data extend previous work indicating that pharmacokinetic approaches may be of worth in the search for clinically effective cocaine antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Baird
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0632, USA
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Abstract
Anti-nuclear autoantibodies (ANA) are the hallmark of systemic autoimmune diseases. Yet, the in vivo function of ANA remains controversial to a large extent due to the intracellular nature of their antigenic targets. It has been reported that a subset of autoantibodies can penetrate live cells and translocate into the subcellular compartments containing the corresponding antigens. The studies presented herein show that murine anti-Sm and anti-La monoclonal autoantibodies can also enter a variety of cell types from different animal species and that the cell penetration activity is not isotype-restricted. Interestingly, only mAb with cross-reactivity against double-stranded DNA did enter cells. Both these autoantibodies rapidly accumulate in the nucleus of viable cells but display different penetration kinetics. In co-localization experiments, monoclonal autoantibodies did not accumulate significantly within endocytic vesicles containing dextran, suggesting that they are internalized by mechanisms distinct from conventional receptor-mediated endocytosis. This report represents the first evidence that anti-La and anti-Sm autoantibodies are capable of entering live cells. Our observations support the notion that the phenomenon of intracellular autoantibodies may have a larger scope than previously reported and are consistent with a potential pathogenic role for ANA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Deng
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 695, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Deng SX, Panahian N, James H, Gelbard HA, Federoff HJ, Dewhurst S, Epstein LG. Luciferase: a sensitive and quantitative probe for blood-brain barrier disruption. J Neurosci Methods 1998; 83:159-64. [PMID: 9765129 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-0270(98)00077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for quantitative analysis of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is described, using luciferase as a probe in a murine model system. Purified luciferase was delivered to mouse brain by osmotic BBB disruption with hypertonic mannitol; control animals received an intracarotid inoculation of saline prior to infusion of luciferase. Delivery of luciferase to brain tissue was then assessed by enzyme assay of tissue extracts, and by immunohistochemical staining. Luciferase activity in the brain of mannitol-treated animals was found to be significantly elevated (approx. sevenfold), when compared to activity in control (saline-treated) mice. This finding was confirmed by quantitative immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections, using a luciferase-specific antibody. These studies showed that there was an eight-fold elevation in the level of extravascular luciferase particles within the brain of mannitol-treated animals, as compared to controls. Taken together these data show that purified recombinant luciferase can be used as a sensitive probe, with which to study the integrity of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Deng
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642, USA
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Abstract
Although the mechanical properties of blood vessels have been studied extensively, the shear modulus of the blood vessel wall is still unknown. New data on the shear modulus of elasticity of rat arteries and its variation with axial stretch and blood pressure are presented. The data were obtained from a new instrument designed and constructed by us to perform simultaneous torsion, inflation, and longitudinal stretching tests. It was found under physiological conditions (pressure = 120 mmHg or 16 kPa; longitudinal stretch = 1.2 relative to zero-stress state), the shear modulus of normal rat thoracic aorta is G = 137 +/- 18 kPa. The difference of shear modulus at body temperature (37 degrees C) and room temperature (25 degrees C) is within 10%. The shear modulus varies significantly with changing longitudinal and circumferential strains in proportion to the strain energy due to these strains. A constitutive equation based on a pseudo strain energy function is proposed. The vessel wall is not transversely isotropic in the incremental sense. When the rat was subjected to high blood pressure due to constriction of its aorta, the shear modulus does not vary significantly with the length of time the animal was subjected to hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Deng
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0412
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Blackburn
- Krebs Institute for Biomolecular Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, U.K
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Shen J, Deng SX, Partridge LJ, Blackburn GM. New strategies for the generation of catalytic antibodies. Biochem Soc Trans 1993; 21:415S. [PMID: 8131989 DOI: 10.1042/bst021415s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Shen
- Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, U.K
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Xiong JM, Mo YQ, Liang B, Chen ZH, Deng SX. [Influences of acetagastrodin on fetuses of mice and rats]. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1987; 8:57-9. [PMID: 2955659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Deng SX. [Pharmacological studies on oxypeucedanin]. Zhong Yao Tong Bao 1985; 10:36-8. [PMID: 2940023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Deng SX, Wang DC, He GB, Mo YJ. [Cardiotonic action of Periploca calophylla (Wight.) Falconer]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1980; 15:245-7. [PMID: 7457143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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