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Spinelli L, Martini S, Solla SD, Vigna Taglianti R, Olivero F, Gianello L, Reali A, Merlotti AM, Franco P. Nodal Elective Volume Selection and Definition during Radiation Therapy for Early Stage (T1-T2 N0 M0) Perianal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Clinical Review and Critical Appraisal. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5833. [PMID: 38136378 PMCID: PMC10741760 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinction between anal canal and perianal squamous cell carcinomas (pSCCs) is essential, as these two subgroups have different anatomical, histological, and lymphatic drainage features. Early-stage true perianal tumors are very uncommon and have been rarely included in clinical trials. Perianal skin cancers and aCCs are included in the same tumor classification, even though they have different lymphatic drainage features. Furthermore, pSCCs are treated similarly to carcinomas originating from the anal canal. Radiation therapy (RT) is an essential treatment for anal canal tumors. Guidelines do not differentiate between treatment volumes for perianal tumors and anal cancers. So far, in pSCC, no study has considered modulating treatment volume selection according to the stage of the disease. We conducted a narrative literature review to describe the sites at higher risk for microscopic disease in patients with early-stage perianal cancers (T1-T2 N0 M0) to propose a well-thought selection of RT elective volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Spinelli
- Radiation Oncology Department, Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, Italy; (L.S.); (S.M.); (S.D.S.); (R.V.T.); (F.O.); (L.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Stefania Martini
- Radiation Oncology Department, Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, Italy; (L.S.); (S.M.); (S.D.S.); (R.V.T.); (F.O.); (L.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Salvatore Dario Solla
- Radiation Oncology Department, Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, Italy; (L.S.); (S.M.); (S.D.S.); (R.V.T.); (F.O.); (L.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Riccardo Vigna Taglianti
- Radiation Oncology Department, Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, Italy; (L.S.); (S.M.); (S.D.S.); (R.V.T.); (F.O.); (L.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Francesco Olivero
- Radiation Oncology Department, Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, Italy; (L.S.); (S.M.); (S.D.S.); (R.V.T.); (F.O.); (L.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Luca Gianello
- Radiation Oncology Department, Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, Italy; (L.S.); (S.M.); (S.D.S.); (R.V.T.); (F.O.); (L.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Alessia Reali
- Radiation Oncology Department, Michele and Pietro Ferrero Hospital, 12060 Verduno, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Merlotti
- Radiation Oncology Department, Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, Italy; (L.S.); (S.M.); (S.D.S.); (R.V.T.); (F.O.); (L.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, ‘Maggiore della Carità’ University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Kath J, Du W, Martini S, Elsallab M, Franke C, Hartmann LM, Drosdek V, Glaser V, Stein M, Schmueck-Henneresse M, Reinke P, Volk HD, Abou-El-Enein M, Wagner DL. CAR NK-92 cell-mediated depletion of residual TCR+ cells for ultra-pure allogeneic TCR-deleted CAR T-cell products. Blood Adv 2023:495855. [PMID: 37196643 PMCID: PMC10388728 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a major risk upon administration of allogeneic Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) redirected T cells to HLA-unmatched patients. Gene editing can be used to disrupt potentially alloreactive T cell receptors (TCRs) in CAR T cells and reduce the risk of GvHD. Despite the high knock-out rates achieved with optimized methods, a subsequent purification step is necessary to obtain a safe allogeneic product. To date, magnetic cell separation (MACS) has been the gold standard to purify TCRα/β- CAR T cells, but product purity can still be insufficient to prevent GvHD. We have developed a novel, highly efficient approach to eliminate residual TCR/CD3+ T cells after TCRα constant (TRAC) gene editing by adding a genetically modified CD3-specific CAR NK-92 cell line during ex vivo expansion. Two consecutive co-cultures with irradiated, short-lived, CAR NK-92 cells allow the production of TCR- CAR T cells with less than 0.01% TCR+ T cells, marking a 45-fold reduction of TCR+ cells compared to MACS-purification. Through an NK-92 cell-mediated feeder effect and by circumventing MACS-associated cell loss, our approach increases the total TCR- CAR T cell yield approximately 3-fold, while retaining cytotoxic activity and a favorable T cell phenotype. Scaling in the semi-closed G-Rex® bioreactor device provides proof-of-principle for large-batch manufacturing to allow for an improved cost-per-dose ratio. Overall, this cell-mediated purification method has the potential to advance the production process of safe off-the-shelf CAR T cells for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Kath
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Weijie Du
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Magdi Elsallab
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
| | | | | | | | - Viktor Glaser
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Petra Reinke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohamed Abou-El-Enein
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
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Tumino N, Nava Lauson CB, Tiberti S, Besi F, Martini S, Fiore PF, Scodamaglia F, Mingari MC, Moretta L, Manzo T, Vacca P. The tumor microenvironment drives NK cell metabolic dysfunction leading to impaired antitumor activity. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:1698-1706. [PMID: 36468179 PMCID: PMC10107325 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
NK cells represent key players capable of driving antitumor immune responses. However, the potent immunosuppressive activity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) may impair their effector function. Here, we strengthen the importance of metabolic interactions between NK cells and TME and propose metabolic dysfunction as one of the major mechanisms behind NK failure in cancer treatment. In particular, we described that TME has a direct negative impact on NK cell function by disrupting their mitochondrial integrity and function in pediatric and adult patients with primary and metastatic cancer. Our results will help to design new strategies aimed at increasing the NK cell antitumor efficacy by their metabolic reprogramming. In this regard, we reveal an unprecedented role of IL15 in the metabolic reprogramming of NK cells enhancing their antitumor functions. IL15 prevents the inhibitory effect of soluble factors present in TME and restores both the metabolic characteristics and the effector function of NK cells inhibited by exposure to malignant pleural fluid. Thus, we propose here that IL15 may be exploited as a new strategy to metabolically reprogram NK cells with the aim of increasing the efficacy of NK-based immunotherapy in a wide range of currently refractory adult and pediatric solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Tumino
- Immunology Research Area, Innate Lymphoid Cells Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carina B Nava Lauson
- Immunometabolism and Cancer Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Tiberti
- Immunometabolism and Cancer Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Besi
- Tumor Immunology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- UO Immunology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Tumor Immunology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Manzo
- Immunometabolism and Cancer Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Immunology Research Area, Innate Lymphoid Cells Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Saracco M, Cocchis D, Tandoi F, Rigo F, Romagnoli R, Martini S. Medium-term outcome of liver recipients from COVID-19 donors. Dig Liver Dis 2023. [PMCID: PMC9995211 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is associated with thrombotic complications and can result in hepatobiliary injury. Excellent early outcomes have been reported in recipients of solid non-lungs organs from SARS-CoV-2-infected donors, however longer follow-up data are lacking. We aimed to describe the medium-term outcome of our liver transplants (LT) from COVID-19 donors. Methods From 11/2020 to 03/2022, we consecutively enrolled all patients who received a graft from COVID-19 donor in our Centre. Protocol liver biopsy and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) after 1-year from LT were reported. Results In the study period 12/213 (5.6%) adult LT patients received a COVID-19 donor (11 active, 1 resolved COVID-19)1. Eleven patients underwent end-to-end biliary anastomosis and 1 biliodigestive anastomosis. Recipients’ and donors’ characteristics are reported in table 1. Two recipients tested SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive on nasopharyngeal swab at LT and one was treated with sotrovimab on day-1 after LT. None of the patients developed COVID-19 after LT. One patient underwent hepatic artery thrombectomy at day-1 and died after 320 days for HCC recurrence. Until now: -10 patients underwent protocol MRCP (median time from LT 562 days, IQR 245-614), which showed: 7 no visible abnormalities, 1 donor-recipient's bile duct size discrepancy, 2 caliber changes <50% at the anastomotic level (untreated for the absence of cholestasis); -7 patients underwent protocol liver biopsy (median time from LT 553 days, IQR 311-557) which showed 1 acute cellular rejection (RAI 4/9) successfully treated with steroids; no signs of fibrosis, rejection or biliopathy in the other 6 patients. Conclusions 11/12 patients who received a LT from COVID-19 donors are alive, without evidence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. At a median follow-up of 1.5 years, protocol liver biopsy and MRCP did not show biliopathy, supporting the utilization of COVID-19 donors to expand the donor pool and reduce the waiting list mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Cocchis
- General Surgery 2U and Liver Transplant Center; AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - F. Tandoi
- General Surgery 2U and Liver Transplant Center; AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - F. Rigo
- General Surgery 2U and Liver Transplant Center; AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - R. Romagnoli
- General Surgery 2U and Liver Transplant Center; AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Jones A, Zhang S, Akoh C, Martini S. Effect of anhydrous milk fat fraction addition to butter on water loss reduction. Int Dairy J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Gottschalk I, Kölsch U, Wagner DL, Kath J, Martini S, Krüger R, Puel A, Casanova JL, Jezela-Stanek A, Rossi R, Chehadeh SE, Van Esch H, von Bernuth H. IRAK1 Duplication in MECP2 Duplication Syndrome Does Not Increase Canonical NF-κB-Induced Inflammation. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:421-439. [PMID: 36319802 PMCID: PMC9628328 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01390-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Besides their developmental and neurological phenotype, most patients with MECP2/IRAK1 duplication syndrome present with recurrent and severe infections, accompanied by strong inflammation. Respiratory infections are the most common cause of death. Standardized pneumological diagnostics, targeted anti-infectious treatment, and knowledge of the underlying pathomechanism that triggers strong inflammation are unmet clinical needs. We investigated the influence of IRAK1 overexpression on the canonical NF-κB signaling as a possible cause for excessive inflammation in these patients. METHODS NF-κB signaling was examined by measuring the production of proinflammatory cytokines and evaluating the IRAK1 phosphorylation and degradation as well as the IκBα degradation upon stimulation with IL-1β and TLR agonists in SV40-immortalized fibroblasts, PBMCs, and whole blood of 9 patients with MECP2/IRAK1 duplication syndrome, respectively. RESULTS Both, MECP2/IRAK1-duplicated patients and healthy controls, showed similar production of IL-6 and IL-8 upon activation with IL-1β and TLR2/6 agonists in immortalized fibroblasts. In PBMCs and whole blood, both patients and controls had a similar response of cytokine production after stimulation with IL-1β and TLR4/2/6 agonists. Patients and controls had equivalent patterns of IRAK1 phosphorylation and degradation as well as IκBα degradation upon stimulation with IL-1β. CONCLUSION Patients with MECP2/IRAK1 duplication syndrome do not show increased canonical NF-κB signaling in immortalized fibroblasts, PBMCs, and whole blood. Therefore, we assume that these patients do not benefit from a therapeutic suppression of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Gottschalk
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Kölsch
- Labor Berlin GmbH, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dimitrios L Wagner
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Kath
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefania Martini
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Renate Krüger
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rainer Rossi
- Childrens' Hospital Neukölln, Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hilde Van Esch
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- Labor Berlin GmbH, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Kath J, Du W, Pruene A, Braun T, Thommandru B, Turk R, Sturgeon ML, Kurgan GL, Amini L, Stein M, Zittel T, Martini S, Ostendorf L, Wilhelm A, Akyüz L, Rehm A, Höpken UE, Pruß A, Künkele A, Jacobi AM, Volk HD, Schmueck-Henneresse M, Stripecke R, Reinke P, Wagner DL. Pharmacological interventions enhance virus-free generation of TRAC-replaced CAR T cells. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 25:311-330. [PMID: 35573047 PMCID: PMC9062427 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) redirected T cells are potent therapeutic options against hematological malignancies. The current dominant manufacturing approach for CAR T cells depends on retroviral transduction. With the advent of gene editing, insertion of a CD19-CAR into the T cell receptor (TCR) alpha constant (TRAC) locus using adeno-associated viruses for gene transfer was demonstrated, and these CD19-CAR T cells showed improved functionality over their retrovirally transduced counterparts. However, clinical-grade production of viruses is complex and associated with extensive costs. Here, we optimized a virus-free genome-editing method for efficient CAR insertion into the TRAC locus of primary human T cells via nuclease-assisted homology-directed repair (HDR) using CRISPR-Cas and double-stranded template DNA (dsDNA). We evaluated DNA-sensor inhibition and HDR enhancement as two pharmacological interventions to improve cell viability and relative CAR knockin rates, respectively. While the toxicity of transfected dsDNA was not fully prevented, the combination of both interventions significantly increased CAR knockin rates and CAR T cell yield. Resulting TRAC-replaced CD19-CAR T cells showed antigen-specific cytotoxicity and cytokine production in vitro and slowed leukemia progression in a xenograft mouse model. Amplicon sequencing did not reveal significant indel formation at potential off-target sites with or without exposure to DNA-repair-modulating small molecules. With TRAC-integrated CAR+ T cell frequencies exceeding 50%, this study opens new perspectives to exploit pharmacological interventions to improve non-viral gene editing in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Kath
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Weijie Du
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alina Pruene
- Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Clinics of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover-Braunschweig Region, Germany
| | - Tobias Braun
- Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Clinics of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover-Braunschweig Region, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Turk
- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA 52241, USA
| | | | - Gavin L. Kurgan
- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA 52241, USA
| | - Leila Amini
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Stein
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tatiana Zittel
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefania Martini
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lennard Ostendorf
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Armin Rehm
- Department of Translational Tumorimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uta E. Höpken
- Department of Microenvironmental Regulation in Autoimmunity and Cancer, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Pruß
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Künkele
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schmueck-Henneresse
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Renata Stripecke
- Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, Clinics of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover-Braunschweig Region, Germany
- Clinic I for Internal Medicine, Cancer Center Cologne Essen, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Petra Reinke
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dimitrios L. Wagner
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Corresponding author Dimitrios Laurin Wagner, MD, PhD, Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT) BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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Abbona A, Paccagnella M, Astigiano S, Martini S, Denaro N, Ruatta F, Barbieri O, Merlano M, Garrone O. Effect of Eribulin on Angiogenesis and the Expression of Endothelial Adhesion Molecules. Anticancer Res 2022; 42:2859-2867. [PMID: 35641280 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Tumor vasculature is an important component of the tumor microenvironment and deeply affects anticancer immune response. Eribulin is a non-taxane inhibitor of the mitotic spindle. However, off-target effects interfering with the tumor vasculature have been reported. The mechanisms responsible of this effect are still unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We designed an in vitro study to investigate the effect of eribulin, with or without TGF-β, on neo-angiogenesis, and on the expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. We also investigated the effects of paclitaxel and vinorelbine under the same experimental conditions. RESULTS Eribulin up-regulated the epithelial markers VE-cadherin and CD-31 in HUVEC and inhibited tube formation in HUVEC cells cultured in Matrigel. The drug effectively arrested tube formation even in the presence of TGF-β and counteracted the TGF-β-induced change in cell shape from the endothelial cobblestone-like morphology to an elongated spindle-shaped morphology. We also observed that eribulin was able to upregulate ICAM-1 and to counteract its down-regulation induced by TGF-β. CONCLUSION Eribulin exerts different off-label effects: increases vascular remodeling, counteracts the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) mediated by TGF-β and promotes tumor infiltration by immune cells via increasing the expression of ICAM-1 and transcription of CD31 and VE-cadherin. Moreover, eribulin was able to inhibit vasculature remodeling and the induction of EndMT mediated by TGF-β better than vinorelbine and paclitaxel. The effects observed in this study might have important therapeutic consequence if the drug is combined with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Abbona
- Translational Oncology Lab., ARCO Foundation, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Matteo Paccagnella
- Translational Oncology Lab., ARCO Foundation, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | | | | | - Nerina Denaro
- Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Fiorella Ruatta
- Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Ottavia Barbieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Merlano
- Oncology Department, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Ornella Garrone
- Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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9
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Tumino N, Besi F, Martini S, Di Pace AL, Munari E, Quatrini L, Pelosi A, Fiore PF, Fiscon G, Paci P, Scordamaglia F, Covesnon MG, Bogina G, Mingari MC, Moretta L, Vacca P. Polymorphonuclear Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Are Abundant in Peripheral Blood of Cancer Patients and Suppress Natural Killer Cell Anti-Tumor Activity. Front Immunol 2022; 12:803014. [PMID: 35116033 PMCID: PMC8805733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.803014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) includes a wide variety of cell types and soluble factors capable of suppressing immune-responses. While the role of NK cells in TME has been analyzed, limited information is available on the presence and the effect of polymorphonuclear (PMN) myeloid-derived suppressor cells, (MDSC). Among the immunomodulatory cells present in TME, MDSC are potentially efficient in counteracting the anti-tumor activity of several effector cells. We show that PMN-MDSC are present in high numbers in the PB of patients with primary or metastatic lung tumor. Their frequency correlated with the overall survival of patients. In addition, it inversely correlated with low frequencies of NK cells both in the PB and in tumor lesions. Moreover, such NK cells displayed an impaired anti-tumor activity, even those isolated from PB. The compromised function of NK cells was consequent to their interaction with PMN-MDSC. Indeed, we show that the expression of major activating NK receptors, the NK cytolytic activity and the cytokine production were inhibited upon co-culture with PMN-MDSC through both cell-to-cell contact and soluble factors. In this context, we show that exosomes derived from PMN-MDSC are responsible of a significant immunosuppressive effect on NK cell-mediated anti-tumor activity. Our data may provide a novel useful tool to implement the tumor immunoscore. Indeed, the detection of PMN-MDSC in the PB may be of prognostic value, providing clues on the presence and extension of both adult and pediatric tumors and information on the efficacy not only of immune response but also of immunotherapy and, possibly, on the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Tumino
- Immunology Research Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Besi
- Immunology Research Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Unità Operativa (UO) Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Di Pace
- Immunology Research Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Munari
- Pathology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar di Valpolicella, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Linda Quatrini
- Immunology Research Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pelosi
- Immunology Research Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Piera Filomena Fiore
- Immunology Research Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fiscon
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science “Antonio Ruberti”, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
- Department of Computer, Control and Management Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Paci
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science “Antonio Ruberti”, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
- Department of Computer, Control and Management Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Grazia Covesnon
- Struttura Complessa (SC) Pneumologia Ospedale Villa Scassi, ASL3 Genovese, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bogina
- Pathology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar di Valpolicella, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- Unità Operativa (UO) Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Experimental Medicine Department (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Immunology Research Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Lorenzo Moretta,
| | - Paola Vacca
- Immunology Research Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
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10
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Taramasso L, De Vito A, Ricci ED, Orofino G, Squillace N, Menzaghi B, Molteni C, Gulminetti R, De Socio GV, Pellicanò GF, Sarchi E, Celesia BM, Calza L, Rusconi S, Valsecchi L, Martinelli CV, Cascio A, Maggi P, Vichi F, Angioni G, Guadagnino G, Cenderello G, Dentone C, Bandera A, Falasca K, Bonfanti P, Di Biagio A, Madeddu G, Bonfanti P, Di Biagio A, Ricci E, Sarchi E, Chichino G, Bolla C, Bellacosa C, Angarano G, Saracino A, Calza L, Menzaghi B, Farinazzo M, Angioni G, Bruno G, Celesia BM, Falasca K, Mastroianni A, Guadagnino G, Vichi F, Salomoni E, Martinelli C, Di Biagio A, Dentone C, Taramasso L, Bassetti M, Cenderello G, Molteni C, Piconi S, Pellicanò GF, Nunnari G, Valsecchi L, Cordier L, Parisini S, Rizzardini G, Rusconi S, Conti F, Bandera A, Gori A, Motta D, Puoti M, Bonfanti P, Squillace N, Migliorino GM, Maggi P, Martini S, Cascio A, Trizzino M, Gulminetti R, Pagnucco L, De Socio GV, Nofri M, Francisci D, Cibelli D, Parruti G, Madeddu G, Mameli MS, Orofino G, Guastavigna M. Durability of Dolutegravir-Based Regimens: A 5-Year Prospective Observational Study. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2021; 35:342-353. [PMID: 34524918 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2021.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the frequency and causes of dolutegravir (DTG) discontinuation along 5 years of follow-up, in both antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive and experienced people living with HIV (PLWH). This is a prospective multi-center cohort study enrolling PLWH on DTG from July 2014 until November 2020. DTG-durability was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The Cox proportional-hazards model was used for estimating the hazard ratio (HR) of DTG discontinuation for any cause, and for adverse events (AEs). Nine hundred sixty-three PLWH were included, 25.3% were women and 28.0% were ART-naive. Discontinuations for any causes were 10.1 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 8.9-11.5] per 100 person-years, similar in most regimens, with the apparent exception of tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine+DTG (p < 0.0001). In the multivariable Cox regression model, non-Caucasian ethnicity, age ≥50 years, and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were associated with a higher probability of DTG interruption. The incidence rate of virological failure was 0.4 (95% CI 0.2-0.7) per 100 person-years, while the estimated discontinuation rate for AEs was 4.0 (3.2-4.9) per 100 person-years. Thirty-four DTG interruptions were due to grade ≥3 events (10 central nervous system, 6 hypersensitivity, 3 renal, 3 myalgia/asthenia, 3 abdominal pain, 2 gastrointestinal, and 7 other events). People with lower body mass index, age ≥50 years, and lower eGFR were at higher risk of AEs, while dual combinations were protective (HR 0.41 compared with abacavir/lamivudine/DTG, 95% CI 0.22-0.77). In this prospective observational study, we found high DTG durability and a low rate of virological failures. Dual therapies seemed protective toward AEs and might be considered, when feasible, a suitable option to minimize drug interactions and improve tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Taramasso
- Infectious Disease Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea De Vito
- Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Orofino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, “Divisione A”, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Nicola Squillace
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Barbara Menzaghi
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ASST della Valle Olona, Busto Arsizio Hospital, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - Chiara Molteni
- Infectious Disease Unit, Ospedale A. Manzoni, Lecco, Italy
| | - Roberto Gulminetti
- Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine 2, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Santa Maria Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and the Developmental Age ‘G. Barresi’, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sarchi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo Calza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinics of Infectious Diseases, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, “Alma Mater Studiorum” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Rusconi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Valsecchi
- Infectious Disease Unit (I Divisione), ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Department of Infectious Disease, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Vichi
- Infectious Diseases Department, SOC 1, USLCENTROFIRENZE, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Giuliana Guadagnino
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, St. Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Dentone
- Infectious Disease Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bandera
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, University of Milan, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Falasca
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University ‘G. d'Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonfanti
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Biagio
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, San Martino Hospital-IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giordano Madeddu
- Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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11
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Toigo V, Marcuzzi D, Serianni G, Boldrin M, Chitarin G, Bello SD, Grando L, Luchetta A, Pasqualotto R, Zaccaria P, Zanotto L, Agnello R, Agostinetti P, Agostini M, Antoni V, Aprile D, Barbisan M, Battistella M, Berton G, Bigi M, Brombin M, Candeloro V, Canton A, Casagrande R, Cavallini C, Cavazzana R, Cordaro L, Cruz N, Palma MD, Dan M, De Lorenzi A, Delogu R, De Muri M, Denizeau S, Fadone M, Fellin F, Ferro A, Gaio E, Gasparini F, Gasparrini C, Gnesotto F, Jain P, Krastev P, Lopez-Bruna D, Lorenzini R, Maistrello A, Manduchi G, Manfrin S, Marconato N, Martines E, Martini G, Martini S, Milazzo R, Patton T, Pavei M, Peruzzo S, Pilan N, Pimazzoni A, Poggi C, Pomaro N, Pouradier-Duteil B, Recchia M, Rigoni-Garola A, Rizzolo A, Sartori E, Shepherd A, Siragusa M, Sonato P, Sottocornola A, Spada E, Spagnolo S, Spolaore M, Taliercio C, Terranova D, Tinti P, Tomsič P, Trevisan L, Ugoletti M, Valente M, Vignando M, Zagorski R, Zamengo A, Zaniol B, Zaupa M, Zuin M, Cavenago M, Boilson D, Rotti C, Veltri P, Decamps H, Dremel M, Graceffa J, Geli F, Urbani M, Zacks J, Bonicelli T, Paolucci F, Garbuglia A, Agarici G, Gomez G, Gutierrez D, Kouzmenko G, Labate C, Masiello A, Mico G, Moreno JF, Pilard V, Rousseau A, Simon M, Kashiwagi M, Tobari H, Watanabe K, Maejima T, Kojima A, Oshita E, Yamashita Y, Konno S, Singh M, Chakraborty A, Patel H, Singh N, Fantz U, Bonomo F, Cristofaro S, Heinemann B, Kraus W, Wimmer C, Wünderlich D, Fubiani G, Tsumori K, Croci G, Gorini G, McCormack O, Muraro A, Rebai M, Tardocchi M, Giacomelli L, Rigamonti D, Taccogna F, Bruno D, Rutigliano M, D'Arienzo M, Tonti A, Panin F. On the road to ITER NBIs: SPIDER improvement after first operation and MITICA construction progress. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Drago A, Montarsi F, Dutto M, Martini S, Vitale ML. Evaluation of the effectiveness of three sticky traps to monitor four species of cockroaches (Hexapoda: Blattaria) with simulated use tests. Ann Ig 2021; 34:97-106. [PMID: 33779674 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2021.2442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Cockroaches are the pest of major concern for the disinfestation programs of the sanitary system in Italy. Hygienic-sanitary interest is linked to the role of mechanical vectors of pathogens and to their allergological potential. Sticky traps are the best tool to monitor the presence of these insects and several types of them are available on the market. In most of the cases the traps are not indicated for a given species, but, instead, generically for cockroaches. Domestic cockroaches differ in morphology, size and habits. Consequently, the effectiveness of the trap can change in relation to the target species. Materials and methods In this study three of the most employed traps in Italy were compared: the INDIA trap with and without its attractant tablet (hereafter mentioned as INDIA-A and INDIA-E, respectively), the ZAPI Simply trap and the CATCHMASTER Spider & Insect Glue trap. We chose the four most common species of cockroach (Blattodea) in Italy, Blatta orientalis (L.), Periplaneta americana (L.) (Blattidae), Blattella germanica (L.) and Supella longipalpa (F.) (Blattellidae). Each species of cockroach was tested separately inside arenas containing one of the traps. Each test (one species with one kind of trap) was replicated five times. Results and discussion The INDIA-A trap collected more cockroaches of every species, followed by the INDIA-E. The ZAPI trap caught less specimens of each species in respect to the INDIA traps, with the only exception of B. orientalis, for which the ZAPI trap caught more than the INDIA-E. The CATCHMASTER trap performed significantly less for all the species. B. orientalis was the species most abundantly caught by all traps, followed by B. germanica, S. longipalpa and P. americana. No significant difference was observed in the catch according to the developmental stage. In general, there was no particular predisposition of any trap to catch a particular species. Conclusions It is not possible to indicate a model of trap for each species of cockroach, but it is clear that different traps have different performances in terms of attractiveness and capture. Therefore, the choice of the trap affects the results of the monitoring, and as consequence, the evaluation of the infesting population of the pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Drago
- Entostudio s.r.l, Ponte San Nicolò (Padua), Italy
| | - F Montarsi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padua), Italy
| | - M Dutto
- Studio di Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Verzuolo (CN), Italy
| | - S Martini
- Entostudio s.r.l, Ponte San Nicolò (Padua), Italy
| | - M L Vitale
- Entostudio s.r.l, Ponte San Nicolò (Padua), Italy
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13
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Dutto M, Lauria G, Drago A, Martini S, Gorrasi I, Gilli G. Insects and SARS-CoV-2: Analysis of the Potential Role of Vectors in European Countries. Ann Ig 2021; 33:583-588. [PMID: 33779675 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2021.2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus responsible for the pandemic that developed in China in late 2019. Transmission of the virus is predominantly direct, through exposure to infected respiratory secretions. As far as we know, arthropods play a key role in the transmission and spread of several viruses, and thus their role in the spread of COVID-19 deserves to be studied. The biological transmission of viral agents through insects is very complex. While mechanical transmission is more likely to happen, biological transmission is possible via blood-sucking arthropods, but this requires a high grade of compatibility between the vector and the pathogen. If the biological and mechanical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by blood-sucking arthropods is excluded, a mechanical transmission by urban pests could take place. This risk is very low but it could be important in isolated environmental conditions, where other means of transmission are not possible. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in non-blood-sucking arthropods in infected buildings, like hospitals and retirement homes, should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dutto
- Former Consultant Medical Entomology and Zoology, General Hospital A.O. S. Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | - G Lauria
- Department of Emergency, General Hospital A.O. S. Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | - A Drago
- Entostudio S.r.l. Ponte San Nicolò PD, Italy
| | - S Martini
- Entostudio S.r.l. Ponte San Nicolò PD, Italy
| | - I Gorrasi
- Department of Prevention, Service of Food Hygiene and Nutrition, Local Health Authority A.S.L. CN1, Cuneo, Italy
| | - G Gilli
- Emeritus Professor, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Italy
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14
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Iorio GC, Arcadipane F, Martini S, Ricardi U, Franco P. Decreasing treatment burden in HPV-related OPSCC: A systematic review of clinical trials. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 160:103243. [PMID: 33516806 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Favorable outcomes are observed after treatment with standard chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients. The consistent growing interest on treatment-related toxicity burden, potentially jeopardizing survivors' quality of life, led clinicians to investigate possible de-escalation strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive systematic literature search of clinical trials was performed through the EMBASE database to provide an overview of the de-escalation strategies spectrum. Additionally, hand searching and clinicaltrials.gov were also used. RESULTS Herein, we report and discuss different approaches to de-escalation of therapy, with respect to both local and systemic strategies. CONCLUSIONS Several promising de-escalation experiences have been published. However, while further evidence is awaited, no changes in the management nor deviation from the standard of care should be made outside of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Arcadipane
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Birkin PR, Youngs JJ, Truscott TT, Martini S. Cavitation clusters in lipid systems - Ring-up, bubble population, and bifurcated streamer lifetime. Ultrason Sonochem 2020; 67:105168. [PMID: 32482437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The processing of oils is vital to their ultimate use within the food industry. Control over the physical properties of such materials could be achieved through the application of high-intensity ultrasound (HIU). However, the exact mechanism, centred upon acoustic cavitation, is currently unclear. To investigate the cavitation environment in oils further, the ring-up of a HIU source in an oil media is studied in the presence and absence of a pre-existing bubble population. High-speed imaging and acoustic measurements within the system is demonstrated to be extremely useful in characterising the dynamics present under non steady-state conditions. The behaviour of the clusters generated in the first 1000 ms under these conditions is shown to be significantly different depending on the bubble population. A bifurcated streamer (BiS), originating from a unique bi-cluster event, is only observable in the presence of a bubble population during the ring-up process to higher cluster orders. In addition, the lifetime of this BiS event is highly temperature dependent and is shown to be a good marker for the viscosity of the oil employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Birkin
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton S0171BJ, UK.
| | - J J Youngs
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton S0171BJ, UK
| | - T T Truscott
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-4130, USA
| | - S Martini
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-8700, USA
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16
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Tomaino L, Serra-Majem L, Martini S, Ingenito MR, Rossi P, La Vecchia C, Bamonti F, Vigna L. Fibromyalgia and Nutrition: An Updated Review. J Am Coll Nutr 2020; 40:665-678. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1813059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tomaino
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Preventive Medicine Service, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Preventive Medicine Service, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefania Martini
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Occupational Health Unit “L.Devoto”, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ingenito
- Servizio di Dietetica, Direzione Sanitaria di Presidio, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Bamonti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisella Vigna
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Occupational Health Unit “L.Devoto”, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Rahman MA, Susanto AW, Quarashi AA, Raymond A, Taufik FF, Mahmud I, Al Kloub MI, Oli N, Martini S, Khan Z. SHadow Under the Lamp (SHUL): Smoking behavior of the health professionals. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Smoking cessation is the best option a health professional can offer to the patients for averting the preventable causes of mortality and morbidity.
Purpose
To determine smoking behavior, preferred cessation methods, and attitudes towards smoking cessation amongst health professionals.
Methods
The cross-sectional study, conducted in six countries, included doctors and nurses working at different hospital settings. Participants responded anonymously to an online questionnaire.
Results
Among 1109 participants, 36% were from Saudi Arabia, 14% from Nepal, 14% from Indonesia, 12% from Australia, 12% from Jordan, and 12% from Pakistan. Mean age was 33 years, 61% were females and 58% were nurses. One in eight (12%) was daily smoker. Among current smokers, 42% smoked 2-9 cigarettes/day, and 26% had their first cigarette within 5-30 minutes after waking up. Half of the smokers perceived it as 'very important' to quit smoking, 30% had tried to quit in the last six months, and 31% preferred to have a group quit program with the same health professionals. Only 17% had formal training on smoking cessation, but 57% were interested to receive one. Half of the participants said they (53%) 'always' asked patients if they smoked, but 89% said they advised to quit, 76% said they assessed intention to quit, 28% said they assisted by providing materials on cessation, and 33% said they arranged follow up for cessation. Compared to current smokers, never smokers were more likely to 'always' ask patients if they smoked (78% vs. 22%, p = 0.044, ORs 1.39, 95%CIs 1.01-1.91), assist smokers by setting quit dates (74% vs. 26%, p = 0.039, ORs 1.54, 95%CIs 1.03-2.29), arrange follow up (77% vs. 23%, p = 0.044, ORs 1.40, 95%CIs 1.01-1.94).
Conclusions
Health professionals reported moderately good behavior around advice to smokers, but it is much worse among current smokers. Health professionals who smoke should be both encouraged to quit and to better support their patients to do so.
Key messages
Smoking cessation support for patients was not good among health professionals, who were smokers. Health professionals need to quit smoking in order to provide better cessation support for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rahman
- School of Nursing and Healthcare Professions, Federation University Australia, Berwick, Australia
| | - A W Susanto
- Universitas Indonesia/Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - A Raymond
- Latrobe Regional Hospital, Traralgon, Australia
| | - F F Taufik
- Universitas Indonesia/Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - I Mahmud
- Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - N Oli
- Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Martini
- Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Z Khan
- Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Aguzzi J, Flexas MM, Flögel S, Lo Iacono C, Tangherlini M, Costa C, Marini S, Bahamon N, Martini S, Fanelli E, Danovaro R, Stefanni S, Thomsen L, Riccobene G, Hildebrandt M, Masmitja I, Del Rio J, Clark EB, Branch A, Weiss P, Klesh AT, Schodlok MP. Exo-Ocean Exploration with Deep-Sea Sensor and Platform Technologies. Astrobiology 2020; 20:897-915. [PMID: 32267735 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2019.2129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One of Saturn's largest moons, Enceladus, possesses a vast extraterrestrial ocean (i.e., exo-ocean) that is increasingly becoming the hotspot of future research initiatives dedicated to the exploration of putative life. Here, a new bio-exploration concept design for Enceladus' exo-ocean is proposed, focusing on the potential presence of organisms across a wide range of sizes (i.e., from uni- to multicellular and animal-like), according to state-of-the-art sensor and robotic platform technologies used in terrestrial deep-sea research. In particular, we focus on combined direct and indirect life-detection capabilities, based on optoacoustic imaging and passive acoustics, as well as molecular approaches. Such biologically oriented sampling can be accompanied by concomitant geochemical and oceanographic measurements to provide data relevant to exo-ocean exploration and understanding. Finally, we describe how this multidisciplinary monitoring approach is currently enabled in terrestrial oceans through cabled (fixed) observatories and their related mobile multiparametric platforms (i.e., Autonomous Underwater and Remotely Operated Vehicles, as well as crawlers, rovers, and biomimetic robots) and how their modified design can be used for exo-ocean exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Aguzzi
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - M M Flexas
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - S Flögel
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - C Lo Iacono
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- National Oceanographic Center (NOC), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - C Costa
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA)-Centro di ricerca Ingegneria e Trasformazioni agroalimentari - Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - S Marini
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Marine Sciences, La Spezia, Italy
| | - N Bahamon
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - S Martini
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - E Fanelli
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - R Danovaro
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Stefanni
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | | | - G Riccobene
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy
| | - M Hildebrandt
- German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Bremen, Germany
| | - I Masmitja
- SARTI, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Del Rio
- SARTI, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - E B Clark
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - A Branch
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | | | - A T Klesh
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - M P Schodlok
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
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19
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Martini S, Maggi P. Fatty Liver in HIV-Infected Persons. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11908-020-00728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Quatrini L, Vacca P, Tumino N, Besi F, Di Pace AL, Scordamaglia F, Martini S, Munari E, Mingari MC, Ugolini S, Moretta L. Glucocorticoids and the cytokines IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 present in the tumor microenvironment induce PD-1 expression on human natural killer cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:349-360. [PMID: 32417134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-immune checkpoint blockade has provided significant clinical efficacy across various types of cancer by unleashing both T and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated antitumor responses. However, resistance to immunotherapy occurs for many patients, rendering the identification of the mechanisms that control PD-1 expression extremely important to increase the response to the therapy. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify the stimuli and the molecular mechanisms that induce the de novo PD-1 expression on human NK cells in the tumor setting. METHODS NK cells freshly isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors were stimulated with different combinations of molecules, and PD-1 expression was studied at the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, ex vivo analysis of tumor microenvironment and NK cell phenotype was performed. RESULTS Glucocorticoids are indispensable for PD-1 induction on human NK cells, in cooperation with a combination of cytokines that are abundant at the tumor site. Mechanistically, glucocorticoids together with IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 not only upregulate PDCD1 transcription, but also activate a previously unrecognized transcriptional program leading to enhanced mRNA translation and resulting in an increased PD-1 amount in NK cells. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence of a novel immune suppressive mechanism of glucocorticoids involving the transcriptional and translational control of an important immune checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Quatrini
- Department of Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Department of Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Besi
- Department of Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Di Pace
- Department of Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Martini
- Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Enrico Munari
- Department of Pathology, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sophie Ugolini
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Istitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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Carbotti G, Petretto A, Naschberger E, Stürzl M, Martini S, Mingari MC, Filaci G, Ferrini S, Fabbi M. Cytokine-Induced Guanylate Binding Protein 1 (GBP1) Release from Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E488. [PMID: 32093058 PMCID: PMC7072386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We showed that IL-27 shares several effects with IFN-γ in human cancer cells. To identify novel extracellular mediators, potentially involved in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) biology, we analyzed the effect of IL-27 or IFN-γ on the secretome of cultured EOC cells by mass-spectrometry (nano-UHPLC-MS/MS). IL-27 and IFN-γ modulate the release of a limited fraction of proteins among those induced in the whole cell. We focused our attention on GBP1, a guanylate-binding protein and GTPase, which mediates several biological activities of IFNs. Cytokine treatment induced GBP1, 2, and 5 expressions in EOC cells, but only GBP1 was secreted. ELISA and immunoblotting showed that cytokine-stimulated EOC cells release full-length GBP1 in vitro, through non-classical pathways, not involving microvesicles. Importantly, full-length GBP1 accumulates in the ascites of most EOC patients and ex-vivo EOC cells show constitutive tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT1/3 proteins and GBP1 expression, supporting a role for Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription (STAT)-activating cytokines in vivo. High GBP1 gene expression correlates with better overall survival in the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) dataset of EOC. In addition, GBP1 transfection partially reduced EOC cell viability in an MTT assay. Our data show for the first time that cytokine-stimulated tumor cells release soluble GBP1 in vitro and in vivo and suggest that GBP1 may have anti-tumor effects in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Carbotti
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Biotherapies Unit, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Andrea Petretto
- Core Facilities—Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Elisabeth Naschberger
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Medical Center Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (E.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Medical Center Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (E.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Stefania Martini
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Immunology Unit, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.M.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Immunology Unit, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.M.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gilberto Filaci
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Biotherapies Unit, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.C.); (G.F.)
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvano Ferrini
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Biotherapies Unit, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Marina Fabbi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Biotherapies Unit, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.C.); (G.F.)
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22
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Martini S, Arcadipane F, Franco P, Iorio GC, Bartoncini S, Gallio E, Guarneri AS, Ricardi U. Radiation therapy for oligometastatic oropharyngeal cancer. BJR Case Rep 2020; 6:20190021. [PMID: 32201599 PMCID: PMC7068095 DOI: 10.1259/bjrcr.20190021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
At presentation, isolated metastasis from oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is rare. Liver is a relatively uncommon first site of failure, especially in the absence of other distant metastases, particularly without diagnosis of lung metastases. We report on a case of HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with synchronous liver metastasis treated with radiation therapy. This condition, defined as "oligometastatic state," describes a subset of patients with limited volume metastatic disease in whom favorable outcomes were reported with the use of local ablative therapies on both the primary tumor and metastatic sites. As a definitive treatment, we offered the patient, ineligible for other therapeutic approaches, exclusive radiation treatment on the head and neck region and a stereotactic ablative approach targeted to the liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Martini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Arcadipane
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, A.O.U Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe C Iorio
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Bartoncini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, A.O.U Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Gallio
- Medical Physics Unit, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia S Guarneri
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, A.O.U Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Altieri R, Melcarne A, Soffietti R, Rudá R, Franchino F, Pellerino A, La Rocca G, Sabatino G, Olivi A, Ducati A, Zeppa P, Tardivo V, Mantovani C, Chiovatero I, Martini S, Dolce P, Savastano R, Lanotte MM, Zenga F, Garbossa D. Supratotal Resection of Glioblastoma: Is Less More? Surg Technol Int 2019; 35:432-440. [PMID: 31373379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A relationship between the extent of resection (EOR) and survival has been demonstrated in patients with glioblastomas (GBMs). However, despite gross total resection (GTR) of the enhancing nodule (EN), GBMs usually relapse, generally near the surgical cavity. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic role of FLAIR resection of GBMs by analyzing pre- and post-operative MRIs to estimate the EOR of EN, FLAIR-hyperintense regions and total tumor volume (TTV). METHODS Radiologic and clinical outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. Pre- and post-operative EN volume, pre- and postoperative FLAIR volume (POFV), and pre- and postoperative TTV were analyzed. EOR was then calculated for each component. Time-dependent ROC curves and cut-off values for pre- and post-operative volumes and EOR were calculated. A Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were then used to analyze progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS We did not find any correlation between EOR of FLAIR-altered regions and patient survival. On the other hand, there were statistically significant relationships between the prognosis and both a preoperative EN volume less than 31.35 cm3 (p=0.032) and a postoperative EN volume less than 0.57 cm3 (p=0.015). Moreover, an EOR of EN greater than 96% was significantly associated with the prognosis (p=0.0051 for OS and p=0.022 for PFS). CONCLUSION Our retrospective, multi-center study suggests that survival in patients with GBM is not affected by the extent of resection of FLAIR-hyperintense areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Altieri
- Neurosurgical Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Melcarne
- Neurosurgical Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Soffietti
- Neuro-Oncological Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Rudá
- Neuro-Oncological Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Franchino
- Neuro-Oncological Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Pellerino
- Neuro-Oncological Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Rocca
- Neurosurgical Unit, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy, Department Of Neurosurgery, Universitá Cattolica del "Sacro Cuore", University Hospital "A. Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sabatino
- Neurosurgical Unit, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy, Department Of Neurosurgery, Universitá Cattolica del "Sacro Cuore", University Hospital "A. Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Olivi
- Department Of Neurosurgery, Universitá Cattolica del "Sacro Cuore", University Hospital "A. Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ducati
- Neurosurgical Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Zeppa
- Neurosurgical Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Stefania Martini
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pasquale Dolce
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Riccardo Savastano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Franco P, Bartoncini S, Martini S, Iorio GC, Ricardi U. Do hypofraction and large breast size reciprocally fit in breast cancer radiotherapy? Ann Transl Med 2019; 7:S146. [PMID: 31576353 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.06.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Franco
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Bartoncini
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlo Iorio
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Turin, Italy
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Iorio GC, Martini S, Arcadipane F, Ricardi U, Franco P. The role of radiotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer: a literature overview. Med Oncol 2019; 36:64. [PMID: 31165334 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) accounts for 3% of all cancer in women and for 5% of all cancer-related deaths. Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) is a radiosensitive malignancy with a poor prognosis. In the pre-chemotherapy era, radiation therapy (RT) delivered to the abdominopelvic region (whole abdominal irradiation, WAI) has historically played a role in the adjuvant and consolidation setting. Specific cluster of patients with early-stage disease and definite histologies may take advantage of RT. Platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) has replaced RT and plays a major role in most of the clinical settings. Radiation Therapy for palliation is recommended in patients with localized symptoms. Nevertheless, modern RT represents a reliable treatment option, with a mild toxicity profile, particularly effective for oligo-recurrent or progressive disease. The present literature review aims to highlight the historical role of RT in EOC, the actual lines of evidence, and the future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Carlo Iorio
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Arcadipane
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Hardesty JJ, Kaplan B, Martini S, Megatsari H, Kennedy RD, Cohen JE. Smoking among female daily smokers in Surabaya, Indonesia. Public Health 2019; 172:40-42. [PMID: 31158567 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nationally representative studies suggest 1-2% of Indonesian women (2.3 million) smoke various tobacco products daily; however, in recent years, there has been concern that the tobacco industry has successfully increased female smoking. Our objective was to describe current cigarette smoking behaviors, past quit attempts, and intention to quit of female daily smokers in Surabaya, Indonesia. STUDY DESIGN Survey. METHODS Female daily smokers (n = 112) in Surabaya, Indonesia, the country's second largest city, were recruited to participate in a survey during 2018. Convenience sampling was utilized in two malls. Potential participants were intercepted in or near designated smoking areas and invited to the nearby data collection site. Survey items from Global Adult Tobacco Survey and the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project were utilized. RESULTS Participants self-reported smoking 13.8 cigarettes per day (7.3 white machine-rolled cigarettes per day, 4.2 kreteks per day, and 2.4 roll-your-own cigarettes per day). Over 75% smoked their first cigarette within 30 min of waking. Over 53% had a heaviness of smoking index score suggesting moderate or high addiction. Approximately half (51%) did not attempt to quit smoking in the previous 12 months, and 55% planned to quit beyond 6 months or not at all. CONCLUSIONS Our sample smoked five to six more cigarettes per day than female daily smokers in previous national surveys. Relative to previous studies, our data suggest an unexpected preference for white machine-rolled cigarettes and that there could be, at a minimum, pockets of increased smoking and addiction among female daily smokers in Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Hardesty
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - B Kaplan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Martini
- Airlangga University, Faculty of Public Health, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - H Megatsari
- Airlangga University, Faculty of Public Health, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - R D Kennedy
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J E Cohen
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Casadei-Gardini A, Montagnani F, Casadei C, Arcadipane F, Andrikou K, Aloi D, Prete AA, Zampino MG, Argentiero A, Pugliese G, Martini S, Iorio GC, Scartozzi M, Mistrangelo M, Fornaro L, Cassoni P, Marisi G, Dell'Acqua V, Ravenda PS, Lonardi S, Silvestris N, De Bari B, Ricardi U, Cascinu S, Franco P. Immune inflammation indicators in anal cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiation: training and validation cohort with online calculator (ARC: Anal Cancer Response Classifier). Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:3631-3642. [PMID: 31118786 PMCID: PMC6506779 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s197349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In anal cancer, there are no markers nor other laboratory indexes that can predict prognosis and guide clinical practice for patients treated with concurrent chemoradiation. In this study, we retrospectively investigated the influence of immune inflammation indicators on treatment outcome of anal cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Methods: All patients had a histologically proven diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal/margin treated with chemoradiotherapy according to the Nigro’s regimen. Impact on prognosis of pre-treatment systemic index of inflammation (SII) (platelet x neutrophil/lymphocyte), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were analyzed. Results: A total of 161 consecutive patients were available for the analysis. Response to treatment was the single most important factor for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). At univariate analysis, higher SII level was significantly correlated to lower PFS (p<0.01) and OS (p=0.046). NLR level was significantly correlated to PFS (p=0.05), but not to OS (p=0.06). PLR level significantly affected both PFS (p<0.01) and OS (p=0.02). On multivariate analysis pre-treatment, SII level was significantly correlated to PFS (p=0.0079), but not to OS (p=0.15). We developed and externally validated on a cohort of 147 patients a logistic nomogram using SII, nodal status and pre-treatment Hb levels. Results showed a good predictive ability with C-index of 0.74. An online available calculator has also been developed. Conclusion: The low cost and easy profile in terms of determination and reproducibility make SII a promising tool for prognostic assessment in this oncological setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Casadei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Francesca Arcadipane
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Kalliopi Andrikou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Deborah Aloi
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire "Jean Minjoz", Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Alessandra Anna Prete
- Unit of Medical Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Zampino
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Pugliese
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Mario Scartozzi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Fornaro
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pathology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Marisi
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per Lo Studio e La Cura Dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Veronica Dell'Acqua
- Department of Radiotherapy, IRCCS, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Simona Ravenda
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Unit of Medical Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Berardino De Bari
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire "Jean Minjoz", Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Martini S, Iorio GC, Arcadipane F, Olivero F, Silvetti P, Rampino M, Garzino Demo P, Fasolis M, Pecorari G, Airoldi M, Ricardi U, Franco P. Prospective assessment of taste impairment and nausea during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Med Oncol 2019; 36:44. [PMID: 30968205 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Dysgeusia and nausea are common side effects observed in head and neck cancer patients treated with either exclusive radiotherapy or combined modality treatment. The aim of the present study was to prospectively evaluate dysgeusia, during treatment and follow-up, using the chemotherapy-induced taste alteration scale (CiTAS), a metrics based on 18-items exploring three dimensions (quantitative and qualitative changes in taste perception, and diet-related issues) identified through a four-factor analysis: decline in basic taste, discomfort, phantogeusia-parageusia, and general taste alterations. Moreover, we scored, according to Common Toxicity Criteria Adverse Events, nausea and other treatment-related toxicities. Since, ginger is traditionally used to prevent and/or treat nausea and vomiting, we prophylactically employed a ginger-based supplement named Naumix/Naugin (Gamfarma, Milan, Italy), to potentially mitigate both nausea and taste impairment. Using the CiTAS scale, we highlighted a progressive increase in all dysgeusia dimensions, peaking at the VII week of treatment and a subsequent partial late recovery. In particular, we observed a recovery for discomfort, phantogeusia-parageusia, and general taste alterations at 6 months. Grade 2 nausea, observed to be as low as 12.9% potentially due to the use of ginger, peaked at the III week of treatment. Finally, for patients experiencing nausea, the dysgeusia dimension of discomfort was also relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Martini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlo Iorio
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Arcadipane
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, AOU Citta' Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Olivero
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Patrick Silvetti
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Monica Rampino
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, AOU Citta' Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Garzino Demo
- Maxillofacial Surgery Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Fasolis
- Maxillofacial Surgery Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pecorari
- 1st ENT Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Airoldi
- 2nd Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Iorio C, Martini S, Arcadipane F, Olimpio E, Franco P, Ricardi U. EP-1174 Assessment of nausea and dysgeusia in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Cavallin C, Mantovani C, Iorio G, Chiovatero I, Martini S, De Luca V, Palladino C, Levis M, Franchino F, Rudà R, Ricardi U. EP-1232 Hypofractionated RT in very elderly patients (≥ 75 years) diagnosed with GBM. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Martini S, Iorio G, Arcadipane F, Franco P, Ricardi U. EP-1428 Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in the treatment of oesophageal cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tumino N, Martini S, Munari E, Scordamaglia F, Besi F, Mariotti FR, Bogina G, Mingari MC, Vacca P, Moretta L. Presence of innate lymphoid cells in pleural effusions of primary and metastatic tumors: Functional analysis and expression of PD-1 receptor. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1660-1668. [PMID: 30856277 PMCID: PMC6767381 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TM) contains a wide variety of cell types and soluble factors capable of suppressing immune responses. While the presence of NK cells in pleural effusions (PE) has been documented, no information exists on the presence of other innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets and on the expression of programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) in NK and ILC. The presence of ILC was assessed in PE of 54 patients (n = 33 with mesothelioma, n = 15 with adenocarcinoma and n = 6 with inflammatory pleural diseases) by cell staining with suitable antibody combinations and cytofluorimetric analysis. The cytokine production of ILC isolated from both PE and autologous peripheral blood was analyzed upon cell stimulation and intracytoplasmic staining. We show that, in addition to NK cells, also ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3 are present in malignant PE and that the prevalent subset is ILC3. PE‐ILC subsets produced their typical sets of cytokines upon activation. In addition, we analyzed the PD‐1 expression on NK/ILC by multiparametric flow‐cytometric analysis, while the expression of PD‐1 ligand (PD‐L1) was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis. Both NK cells and ILC3 expressed functional PD‐1, moreover, both tumor samples and malignant PE‐derived tumor cell lines were PD‐L1+ suggesting that the interaction between PD‐1+ILC and PD‐L1+tumor cells may hamper antitumor immune responses mediated by NK and ILC. What's new? Pleural tumors result in effusions that are not well characterized. In this study, the authors found that pleural effusions from patients with primary mesothelioma or metastatic adenocarcinoma contain NK cells and other innate lymphoid cells (ILC). These immune cells were capable of expressing normal cytokines, including the checkpoint protein PD‐1. However, the tumor cells were found to express the ligand PD‐L1. These results suggest a PD‐1‐mediated inhibitory effect on lymphoid cells with potential anti‐tumor activity. Better understanding of this inhibition in the tumor microenvironment may lead to new targets for checkpoint‐inhibitor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Tumino
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- UOC Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Enrico Munari
- Department of Pathology, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar VR, Italy.,Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Besi
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Bogina
- Department of Pathology, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar VR, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- UOC Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Martini S, lorio G, Olimpio E, Arcadipane F, Franco P, Ricardi U. PO-133 Prospective assessment of dysgeusia during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30299-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Martini S, Arcadipane F, Strignano P, Spadi R, Contu V, Fiandra C, Ragona R, Catalano G, Satolli MA, Camandona M, Romagnoli R, Ricardi U, Franco P. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in the treatment of esophageal cancer patients. Med Oncol 2018; 35:150. [PMID: 30284647 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-018-1211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate feasibility, safety, toxicity profile, and dosimetric results of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) to deliver definitive or pre-operative radiation in locally advanced esophageal cancer patients. A total of 68 patients were treated with VMAT between March 2014 and March 2018 (44% vs 56% for definitive and neoadjuvant settings, respectively). Dose prescription differed depending on the clinical scenario (54-60 Gy in 30 fractions for definitive treatments; 41.4/45 Gy in 23-25 fractions in the pre-operative setting). Most of the patients were given concurrent chemotherapy. Two coplanar and one non-coplanar arcs were employed for VMAT delivery. Treatment was generally well tolerated. Acute toxicity was generally mild. In patients treated with definitive intent, ≥ G3 toxicities were observed for esophagitis (30%), anorexia (26.7%), fatigue (26.7%), nausea (6.7%), and vomiting (3.3%). In patients treated within a neoadjuvant approach, ≥ G3 anorexia (21%), esophagitis (15.8%), fatigue (13.3%), nausea (5.3%), and vomiting (2.6%) were observed. Dosimetric results were consistent in term of both target coverage and normal tissue sparing. In conclusion, VMAT proved to be a feasible, safe, and effective strategy to deliver definitive or pre-operative radiation in locally advanced esophageal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Martini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Strignano
- Department of Surgery, General Surgery 2U and Liver Transplantation Center, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosella Spadi
- Department of Oncology, Medical Oncology 1, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Viviana Contu
- Department of Oncology, Medical Oncology 2, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Christian Fiandra
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ragona
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Catalano
- Department of Surgery, General Surgery 2U and Liver Transplantation Center, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Renato Romagnoli
- Department of Surgery, General Surgery 2U and Liver Transplantation Center, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. .,Department of Oncology - Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Franco P, Arcadipane F, Mistrangelo M, Cassoni P, Martini S, Iorio G, Elisabetta T, Racca P, Morino M, Ricardi U. Comparing simultaneous vs sequential boost strategies during concurrent chemo-radiation for anal cancer: Results of a retrospective observational study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Franco P, De Bari B, Arcadipane F, Lepinoy A, Ceccarelli M, Furfaro G, Mistrangelo M, Cassoni P, Valgiusti M, Passardi A, Casadei Gardini A, Trino E, Martini S, Iorio GC, Evangelista A, Ricardi U, Créhange G. Comparing simultaneous integrated boost vs sequential boost in anal cancer patients: results of a retrospective observational study. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13:172. [PMID: 30201015 PMCID: PMC6131808 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-018-1124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate clinical outcomes of simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) - intensity modulated radiotherapy (RT) in patients with non metastatic anal cancer compared to those of a set of patients treated with 3-dimensional conformal RT and sequential boost (SeqB). Methods A retrospective cohort of 190 anal cancer patients treated at 3 academic centers with concurrent chemo-RT employing either SIB or SeqB was analysed. The SIB-group consisted of 87 patients, treated with 2 cycles of Mitomycin (MMC) and 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) using SIB-IMRT delivering 42-45Gy/28–30 fractions to the elective pelvic lymph nodes and 50.4-54Gy/28-30fractions to the primary tumor and involved nodes, based on pre-treatment staging. The SeqB group comprised 103 patients, treated with MMC associated to either 5FU or Capecitabine concurrent to RT with 36 Gy/20 fractions to a single volume including gross tumor, clinical nodes and elective nodal volumes and a SeqB to primary tumor and involved nodes of 23.4 Gy/13 fractions. We compared colostomy-free survival (CFS), overall survival (OS) and the cumulative incidence of colostomy for each radiation modality. Cox proportional-hazards model addressed factors influencing OS and CFS. Results Median follow up was 34 (range 9–102) and 31 months (range 2–101) in the SIB and SeqB groups. The 1- and 2-year cumulative incidences of colostomy were 8.2% (95%CI:3.6–15.2) and 15.0% (95%CI:8.1–23.9) in the SIB group and 13.9% (95%CI: 7.8–21.8) and 18.1% (95%CI:10.8–27.0) in the SeqB group. Two-year CFS and OS were 78.1% (95%CI:67.0–85.8) and 87.5% (95%CI:77.3–93.3) in the SIB group and 73.5% (95%CI:62.6–81.7) and 85.4% (95%CI:75.5–91.6) in the SeqB, respectively. A Cox proportional hazards regression model highlighted an adjusted hazard ratio (AdjHR) of 1.18 (95%CI: 0.67–2.09;p = 0.560), although AdjHR for the first 24 months was 0.95 (95%CI: 0.49–1.84;p = 0.877) for the SIB approach. Conclusions SIB-based RT provides similar clinical outcomes compared to SeqB-based in the treatment of patients affected with non metastatic anal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Berardino De Bari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire 'Jean Minjoz', Besançon, France
| | - Francesca Arcadipane
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alexis Lepinoy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre 'Paul Strauss', Strasbourg, France
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology and CPO Piedmont, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriella Furfaro
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Paola Cassoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pathology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Valgiusti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Alessandro Passardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei Gardini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Trino
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlo Iorio
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Evangelista
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology and CPO Piedmont, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Gilles Créhange
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre 'Georges-François-Leclerc', Dijon, France
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Franco P, Arcadipane F, Trino E, Gallio E, Martini S, Iorio GC, Piva C, Moretto F, Ruo Redda MG, Verna R, Tseroni V, Bona C, Pozzi G, Fiandra C, Ragona R, Bertetto O, Ricardi U. Variability of clinical target volume delineation for rectal cancer patients planned for neoadjuvant radiotherapy with the aid of the platform Anatom-e. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2018; 11:33-39. [PMID: 29928706 PMCID: PMC6008279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Delineation of treatment volumes is a major source of uncertainties in radiotherapy (RT). This is also true for rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant RT, with a potential impact on treatment quality. We investigated the role of the digital platform Anatom-e (Anatom-e Information Sytems Ltd., Houston, Texas) in increasing the compliance to follow a specific treatment protocol in a multicentric setting. Materials and methods Two clinical cases of locally advanced rectal cancer were chosen. Participants were instructed to follow the 2009 Radiation Therapy Oncology Group consensus atlas and asked to manually segment clinical target volumes (CTVs), for both patient 1 and 2, on day 1 with and without the use of Anatom-e. After one week (day 2), the same radiation oncologist contoured again, with and without Anatom-e, the same CT series. Intraobserver (Intra-OV) and interobserver (Inter-OV) variability were evaluated with the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), the Hausdorff distance (HD) and mean distance to agreement (MDA). Results For clinical case 1, no significant difference was found for Intra-OV and Inter-OV. For clinical case 2, no significant difference was found for Intra-OV but a statistically significant difference was found for Inter-OV in DSC when using or not the platform. Mean DCS was 0.65 (SD: ±0.64; range: 0.58-0.79) for day 1 vs reference volume without Anatom-e and 0.72 (SD: ±0.39; range: 0.67-0.77) (p = 0.03) with it. Mean MDA was lower with Anatom-e (3.61; SD: ±1.33; range: 2.85-4.78) than without (4.14; SD: ±2.97; range: 2.18-5.21), with no statistical significance (p = 0.21) The use of Anatom-e decreased the SD from 2.97 to 1.33. Mean HD was lower with Anatom-e (26.06; SD: ±2.05; range: 24.08-32.62), with no statistical significance (p = 0.14) compared to that without (31.39; SD: ±1.31; range: 26.14-48.72). Conclusions The use of Anatom-e decreased the Inter-OV in the CTV delineation process for locally advanced rectal cancer with complex disease presentation planned for neoadjuvant RT. This system may be potentially helpful in increasing the compliance to follow shared guidelines and protocols.
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Key Words
- AJCC/UICC, American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union Internationale Contre le Cancer
- CHT, chemotherapy
- CT, computed tomography
- CTV, clinical target volume
- Contouring
- DSC, Dice similarity coefficient
- GTV, gross tumor volume
- HD, Hausdorff distance
- Inter-OV, inter-observer variability
- Interobserver variability
- Intra-OV, intra-observer variability
- MDA, mean distance to agreement
- MR, magnetic resonance imaging
- Neoadjuvant radiotherapy
- OARs, organs at risk
- RT, radiotherapy
- RTOG, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group
- Rectal cancer
- Ros, radiation oncologists
- SD, standard deviation
- SWOG, Radiation Committee of the Southwest Oncology Group
- Target volume delineation
- VMAT, volumetric modulated arc therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Arcadipane
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Trino
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Gallio
- Department of Medical Physics, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlo Iorio
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Piva
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ivrea Community Hospital, Ivrea, Italy
| | - Francesco Moretto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 'Cardinal Massaia' Community Hospital, Asti, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ruo Redda
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, AO Ordine Mauriziano, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Verna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Vassiliki Tseroni
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Presidio San Giovanni Antica Sede, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Bona
- Department of Radiation Oncology, ASL Verbano Cusio Ossola, Verbania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pozzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, AO 'SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo', Alessandria, Italy
| | - Christian Fiandra
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ragona
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, AOU Citta' della salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
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Bartoncini S, Martini S, Ricardi U, Franco P. Radiotherapy in breast cancer through a value-based perspective. Transl Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2018.04.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Franco P, Montagnani F, Arcadipane F, Casadei C, Andrikou K, Martini S, Iorio GC, Scartozzi M, Mistrangelo M, Fornaro L, Cassoni P, Cascinu S, Ricardi U, Casadei Gardini A. The prognostic role of hemoglobin levels in patients undergoing concurrent chemo-radiation for anal cancer. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13:83. [PMID: 29720197 PMCID: PMC5930791 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-018-1035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent chemo-radiation (CT-RT) is a standard therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of anal canal. Different clinical and biological factors may potentially affect outcome. We investigated the prognostic role of baseline hemoglobin (Hb) in a cohort of anal cancer patients submitted to CT-RT with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C. METHODS Up to 161 patients with clinical stage T1-T4/N0-N3/M0 were treated. Response was assessed at 6 weeks and thereafter at 3, 6 and 12 months. Two different approaches were used:a)simultaneous integrated boost following RTOG 05-29 indications;b)first sequence of 45Gy/25 fractions to the pelvis followed by 9-14.4 Gy/5-8 fractions to the macroscopic disease. Primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS On multivariate analysis, pre-treatment Hb level had a significant correlation to OS (HR:0.53;95% CI:0.33-0.87; p = 0.001), but not to PFS (HR:0.78;95% CI:0.53-1.15; p = 0.12) Patients with pre-treatment Hb ≥ 12 g/dl had 5-year PFS and OS of 82.2%, compared to 29.3% and 32.8% for those below the threshold. The likelihood to achieve a complete remission increased by 5.6% for every single-unit (g/dl) increase in baseline Hb level over 11 g/dl. On multivariate analysis, response to treatment had a significant correlation to PFS (incomplete vs complete response - HR:5.43;95% CI:2.75-10.7; p < 0.0001) and OS (HR: 6.96;95% CI:2.96-16.5; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS We showed that baseline Hb level is a strong indicator for poor response to RT-CT in anal cancer patients. A close clinical monitoring for incomplete response to treatment should be advised in patients with low pre-treatment Hb. The hypothesis that the preservation of adequate Hb level during treatment may lead to a better outcome needs prospective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin at AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Francesca Arcadipane
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Casadei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Kalliopi Andrikou
- Modena Cancer Center, Department of Oncology/Hematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin at AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlo Iorio
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin at AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Fornaro
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pathology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Modena Cancer Center, Department of Oncology/Hematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin at AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei Gardini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
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Franco P, Montagnani F, Arcadipane F, Casadei C, Andrikou K, Martini S, Iorio G, Scartozzi M, Mistrangelo M, Fornaro L, Cassoni P, Cascinu S, Ricardi U, Casadei Gardini A. EP-1461: Immune inflammation indicators in anal cancer patients treated with concurrent chemo-radiation. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31770-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Martini S, Iorio G, Franco P, Montagnani F, Arcadipane F, Casadei C, Andrikou K, Scartozzi M, Mistrangelo M, Fornaro L, Cassoni P, Cascinu S, Ricardi U, Casadei Gardini A. EP-1487: The prognostic role of haemoglobin in patients undergoing concurrent chemo-radiation for anal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31796-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Arcadipane F, Osella-Abate S, Vella A, Franco P, Martini S, Iorio G, Rondi N, Bartoncini S, Rovea P, Castellano I, Ricardi U. PO-0739: Role of ki67, tumor size and lymph nodal status as a prognostic index in breast cancer. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Franco P, Arcadipane F, Martini S, Iorio G, Ricardi U. SP-0145: Hematologic toxicity during RT for pelvic malignancies: how to reduce it? Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Iorio G, Martini S, Franco P, Fiandra C, Arcadipane F, Trino E, Giglioli F, Ragona R, Ricardi U. EP-1486: Incorporating 18FDG-PET to define bone marrow into automatic treatment planning for anal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31795-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Petretto A, Carbotti G, Inglese E, Lavarello C, Pistillo MP, Rigo V, Croce M, Longo L, Martini S, Vacca P, Ferrini S, Fabbi M. Proteomic analysis uncovers common effects of IFN-γ and IL-27 on the HLA class I antigen presentation machinery in human cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72518-72536. [PMID: 27683036 PMCID: PMC5341926 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-27, a member of the IL-12-family of cytokines, has shown anti-tumor activity in several pre-clinical models due to anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and immune-enhancing effects. On the other hand, IL-27 demonstrated immune regulatory activities and inhibition of auto-immunity in mouse models. Also, we reported that IL-27, similar to IFN-γ, induces the expression of IL-18BP, IDO and PD-L1 immune regulatory molecules in human cancer cells. Here, a proteomic analysis reveals that IL-27 and IFN-γ display a broad overlap of functions on human ovarian cancer cells. Indeed, among 990 proteins modulated by either cytokine treatment in SKOV3 cells, 814 showed a concordant modulation by both cytokines, while a smaller number (176) were differentially modulated. The most up-regulated proteins were common to both IFN-γ and IL-27. In addition, functional analysis of IL-27-regulated protein networks highlighted pathways of interferon signaling and regulation, antigen presentation, protection from natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, regulation of protein polyubiquitination and proteasome, aminoacid catabolism and regulation of viral protein levels. Importantly, we found that IL-27 induced HLA class I molecule expression in human cancer cells of different histotypes, including tumor cells showing very low expression. IL-27 failed only in a cancer cell line bearing a homozygous deletion in the B2M gene. Altogether, these data point out to a broad set of activities shared by IL-27 and IFN-γ, which are dependent on the common activation of the STAT1 pathway. These data add further explanation to the anti-tumor activity of IL-27 and also to its dual role in immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Petretto
- Core Facilities-Proteomics Laboratory, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Grazia Carbotti
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elvira Inglese
- Core Facilities-Proteomics Laboratory, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Lavarello
- Core Facilities-Proteomics Laboratory, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valentina Rigo
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Croce
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Longo
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvano Ferrini
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Fabbi
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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Marson P, Boschetto R, De Silvestro G, Martini S, Gabelli C, Buoro S, Giordano R, Palù G. Changes in HCV Viremia following LDL Apheresis in a HCV Positive Patient with Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889902200909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be associated with beta-lipoprotein in human serum. According to this, the LDL receptor could promote endocytosis of such a virus. In the present study, we evaluated the changes in HCV viremia in a HCV positive patient with familial hypercholesterolemia, undergoing both selective (DALI System, Fresenius) and non-selective (plasma exchange) LDL apheresis. HCV-RNA levels did not decrease following selective LDL apheresis, on the contrary showed a random, odd variation pattern (from –35% to +72%). Conversely, plasma exchange steadily induced a drop in HCV viremia (–35/43%), to a lower extent than that of a totally intravascular plasmaprotein, i.e., alpha 2-macroglobulin (–53/54%). These data indicate that beta-lipoprotein may not function as a plasma carrier of HCV, at least in the present case. Moreover, a continuous, quantitatively unforeseeable circulation of HCV virions from the intravascular plasma compartment to other extravascular and intracellular sites, seems to occurr during an apheresis session.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Marson
- Apheresis Unit, Blood Transfusion Service, General University Hospital of Padova - Italy
| | - R. Boschetto
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology, General University Hospital of Padova - Italy
| | - G. De Silvestro
- Apheresis Unit, Blood Transfusion Service, General University Hospital of Padova - Italy
| | - S. Martini
- 1st Medical Clinic, Institute of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital of Padova - Italy
| | - C. Gabelli
- 1st Medical Clinic, Institute of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital of Padova - Italy
| | - S. Buoro
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology, General University Hospital of Padova - Italy
| | - R. Giordano
- Apheresis Unit, Blood Transfusion Service, General University Hospital of Padova - Italy
| | - G. Palù
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology, General University Hospital of Padova - Italy
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Lavezzo B, Patrono D, Tandoi F, Martini S, Fop F, Ballerini V, Stratta C, Skurzak S, Lupo F, Strignano P, Donadio PP, Salizzoni M, Romagnoli R, De Rosa FG. A simplified regimen of targeted antifungal prophylaxis in liver transplant recipients: A single-center experience. Transpl Infect Dis 2018; 20:e12859. [PMID: 29427394 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is a severe complication of liver transplantation burdened by high mortality. Guidelines recommend targeted rather than universal antifungal prophylaxis based on tiers of risk. METHODS We aimed to evaluate IFI incidence, risk factors, and outcome after implementation of a simplified two-tiered targeted prophylaxis regimen based on a single broad-spectrum antifungal drug (amphotericin B). Patients presenting 1 or more risk factors according to literature were administered prophylaxis. Prospectively collected data on all adult patients transplanted in Turin from January 2011 to December 2015 were reviewed. RESULTS Patients re-transplanted before postoperative day 7 were considered once, yielding a study cohort of 581 cases. Prophylaxis was administered to 299 (51.4%) patients; adherence to protocol was 94.1%. Sixteen patients developed 18 IFIs for an overall rate of 2.8%. All IFI cases were in targeted prophylaxis group; none of the non-prophylaxis group developed IFI. Most cases (81.3%) presented within 30 days after transplantation during prophylaxis; predominant pathogens were molds (94.4%). Only 1 case of candidemia was observed. One-year mortality in IFI patients was 33.3% vs 6.4% in patients without IFI (P = .001); IFI attributable mortality was 6.3%. At multivariate analysis, significant risk factors for IFI were renal replacement therapy (OR = 8.1) and re-operation (OR = 5.2). CONCLUSIONS The implementation of a simplified targeted prophylaxis regimen appeared to be safe and applicable and was associated with low IFI incidence and mortality. Association of IFI with re-operation and renal replacement therapy calls for further studies to identify optimal prophylaxis in this subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lavezzo
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit 2, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - D Patrono
- Liver Transplant Center, General Surgery 2U, University of Torino, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - F Tandoi
- Liver Transplant Center, General Surgery 2U, University of Torino, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - S Martini
- Gastrohepatology Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - F Fop
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Torino, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - V Ballerini
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit 2, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - C Stratta
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit 2, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - S Skurzak
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit 2, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - F Lupo
- Liver Transplant Center, General Surgery 2U, University of Torino, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - P Strignano
- Liver Transplant Center, General Surgery 2U, University of Torino, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - P P Donadio
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit 2, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - M Salizzoni
- Liver Transplant Center, General Surgery 2U, University of Torino, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - R Romagnoli
- Liver Transplant Center, General Surgery 2U, University of Torino, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - F G De Rosa
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases, University of Torino, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
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Setyabrata D, Lee J, Martini S, Legako J, Sobreira TJP, Kim YHB. Further Investigations of Dry-Aging Impacts on Palatability Attributes and Metabolomic Profiles of Beef Loins. Meat and Muscle Biology 2018. [DOI: 10.22175/rmc2018.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Martini S, David E, Tandoi F, Dell Olio D, Salizzoni M, Saracco GM, Romagnoli R. HCV viremic donors with hepatic bridging fibrosis: Are we ready to use their livers in the era of direct-acting antivirals? Am J Transplant 2017; 17:2986-2987. [PMID: 28742943 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Martini
- Gastrohepatology Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - E David
- Pathology Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - F Tandoi
- Liver Transplantation Center and General Surgery 2U, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - D Dell Olio
- Regional Transplantation Center, Piedmont, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - M Salizzoni
- Liver Transplantation Center and General Surgery 2U, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - G M Saracco
- Gastrohepatology Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - R Romagnoli
- Liver Transplantation Center and General Surgery 2U, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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