1
|
Fontana V, Pistillo MP, Vigani A, Canessa PA, Berisso G, Giannoni U, Ferro P, Franceschini MC, Carosio R, Tonarelli M, Dessanti P, Roncella S. Potential role of serum mesothelin in predicting survival of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:128. [PMID: 33552249 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor with poor survival rates. Therefore, it is essential to have effective biological markers predicting the course of the disease and prognosis. The aim of the present study was to highlight the prognostic significance of serum soluble mesothelin-related protein (Se-SMRP) in patients with MPM at diagnosis. Se-SMRP was determined in 60 patients using an ELISA commercial kit. Se-SMRP levels were subdivided into three tertile-based categories and in each category overall survival (OS) indexes were determined using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. The association between Se-SMRP levels and OS was also assessed by restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. No notable differences in the Kaplan-Meier probabilities were identified across the Se-SMRP categories (<0.66 nM, 0.66-1.46 nM, >1.46 nM) although an upward trend in death rate ratios (RR) was pointed out by comparing the higher (RR=1.95) and intermediate (RR=1.86) categories with the lower category (RR=1.00). In addition, such an increasing tendency, particularly when the biomarker exceeded 1.0 nM, was confirmed by an RCS function of Se-SMPR levels fitted to survival data using the Cox regression equation. The present study provided evidence in favor of a prognostic value of Se-SMRP in patients with MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Fontana
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, I-16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, I-16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Antonella Vigani
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, I-19124 La Spezia, Italy
| | - Pier Aldo Canessa
- Department of Pneumology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, I-19124 La Spezia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Berisso
- Department of Medicine, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, I-19124 La Spezia, Italy
| | - Ugo Giannoni
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, I-19124 La Spezia, Italy
| | - Paola Ferro
- Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, I-19124 La Spezia, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Carosio
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, I-16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Marika Tonarelli
- Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, I-19124 La Spezia, Italy
| | - Paolo Dessanti
- Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, I-19124 La Spezia, Italy
| | - Silvio Roncella
- Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, I-19124 La Spezia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Carosio R, Fontana V, Mastracci L, Ferro P, Grillo F, Banelli B, Canessa PA, Dessanti P, Vigani A, Morabito A, Pfeffer U, Poggi A, Roncella S, Pistillo MP. Characterization of soluble PD-L1 in pleural effusions of mesothelioma patients: potential implications in the immune response and prognosis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 147:459-468. [PMID: 33216211 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein plays a central role in the antitumor immune response, and appears to be a predictor of prognosis and efficacy for PD-L1 and programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockade therapy. The immunoregulatory role and prognostic impact of PD-L1 soluble form (sPD-L1) have been investigated in biological fluids of patients with different tumors. In malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), circulating sPD-L1 has been recently reported in patients' sera, but no data are available in pleural effusions (PE). In our study, we evaluated the baseline expression levels of sPD-L1 in PE from 84 MPM patients and correlated them with PD-L1-status in matched tumors and patients' overall survival (OS). METHODS sPD-L1 in PE was determined by ELISA and tumor PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry. Association of sPD-L1 with OS was estimated using the Cox regression model. RESULTS We observed that sPD-L1 was variably expressed in all the PE and tended to be higher (by 30%) in patients with PD-L1-positive tumors (cut-off ≥ 1% stained cells) as compared to patients with PD-L1-negative tumors (geometric mean ratio = 1.28, P value = 0.288). sPD-L1 levels were significantly higher than those of sPD-1 (P value = 0.001) regardless of the MPM histotypes and they were positively correlated (r = 0.50, P value < 0.001). Moreover, high PE sPD-L1 concentrations were associated with a trend towards increased OS (hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CL 0.62-1.01, P value = 0.062). CONCLUSIONS Our study documents the presence of sPD-L1 in PE of MPM patients, and suggests its possible biological and prognostic role in MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Carosio
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy.,Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Ferro
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy.,Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Dessanti
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | | | - Anna Morabito
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ulrich Pfeffer
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poggi
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvio Roncella
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fontana V, Vigani A, Pistillo MP, Giannoni U, Rosemberg I, Canessa PA, Berisso G, Ferro P, Franceschini MC, Tonarelli M, Roncella S. The Correlation of Serum Mesothelin Level With Pleural Thickness in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Makes it a Valuable Tool for Monitoring Tumor Progression. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 14:e92-e94. [PMID: 31027749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Fontana
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Paola Ferro
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, ASL5 La Spezia, Italy
| | | | - Marika Tonarelli
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, ASL5 La Spezia, Italy
| | - Silvio Roncella
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, ASL5 La Spezia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pistillo MP, Carosio R, Grillo F, Fontana V, Mastracci L, Morabito A, Banelli B, Tanda E, Cecchi F, Dozin B, Gualco M, Salvi S, Spagnolo F, Poggi A, Queirolo P. Phenotypic characterization of tumor CTLA-4 expression in melanoma tissues and its possible role in clinical response to Ipilimumab. Clin Immunol 2020; 215:108428. [PMID: 32344017 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The expression of the immune checkpoint molecule CTLA-4 has been almost exclusively studied in the T cell lineage, but increasing evidence has shown its expression on tumors with implications for immunotherapy. To date, the degree of expression of CTLA-4 on tumor cells as a predictive biomarker of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors has not been studied. In this report, we analyzed this issue in melanoma patients treated with CTLA-4 inhibitor Ipilimumab (IPI). We show that the level of CTLA-4 expression on melanoma cells is higher than that on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and it is associated with clinical response to IPI therapy supporting the idea of its possible role as a predictive biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Pistillo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Tumor Epigenetics Unit, Genova, Italy.
| | - Roberta Carosio
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Tumor Epigenetics Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- University of Genova, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- University of Genova, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Morabito
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Tumor Epigenetics Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Banelli
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Tumor Epigenetics Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Enrica Tanda
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Skin Cancer Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Cecchi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Skin Cancer Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Beatrice Dozin
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Marina Gualco
- Ospedale Villa Scassi, ASL3, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Sandra Salvi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Poggi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Queirolo
- IEO, Division of Medical Oncology for Melanoma, Sarcoma, and Rare Tumors, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mastracci L, Fontana V, Queirolo P, Carosio R, Grillo F, Morabito A, Banelli B, Tanda E, Boutros A, Dozin B, Gualco M, Salvi S, Romani M, Spagnolo F, Poggi A, Pistillo MP. Response to ipilimumab therapy in metastatic melanoma patients: potential relevance of CTLA-4 + tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and their in situ localization. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:653-662. [PMID: 32025849 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including ipilimumab (IPI), achieve a clinical benefit in a small proportion of melanoma patients highlighting the need to investigate predictive biomarkers. In this study, we characterized tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), focusing on the CTLA-4+ subset, and evaluated their possible predictive significance. We characterized TIL density, cell type, and localization in 40 melanoma lesions from 17 patients treated with IPI. Associations of TILs with IPI timing, tissue localization, and response to IPI were estimated using a linear mixed-effects modelling approach. We found that most of TIL subsets increased in situ upon IPI therapy, with particular reference to FoxP3+ cells. TILs and TIL subsets, such as CD3+, CD45RO+, CTLA-4+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells, CD20+ B cells, and NKp46+ NK cells, showed significantly different spatial distributions in the tumor microenvironment being higher at the invasive margin (IM) as compared to the tumor center (TC) (P value < 0.001 for TIL score and P value < 0.05 for all subsets). Remarkably, high TIL score and density of CD3+, CD8+ T cells, and CTLA-4+ immune cells were significantly associated with a better response to IPI (P values = 0.002, 0.023, 0.007, and 0.001, respectively, for responders vs non-responders). In conclusion, we provide a detailed analysis of CTLA-4+ TIL distribution in melanoma tissues taking into account localization, relationship with CD3+/CD8+ TILs, and changes in response to IPI treatment. We identified that CTLA-4+ TILs may represent a marker of IPI response, alone or with CD3+/CD8+ subsets, although this requires confirmation in larger studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mastracci
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Queirolo
- Division of Medical Oncology for Melanoma, Sarcoma, and Rare Tumors, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Carosio
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Morabito
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Enrica Tanda
- Skin Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Boutros
- Skin Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Dozin
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Gualco
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Ospedale Villa Scassi, ASL3, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sandra Salvi
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Romani
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Poggi
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fontana V, Pistillo MP, Vigani A, Canessa PA, Berisso G, Giannoni U, Ferro P, Franceschini MC, Carosio R, Tonarelli M, Rossi C, Dessanti P, Roncella S. Determination of Mesothelin Levels in Pleural Effusion Does Not Help Predict Survival of Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Anticancer Res 2019; 39:5219-5223. [PMID: 31519636 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study evaluated the prognostic value of soluble mesothelin-related protein (SMRP) levels in pleural effusions (PE) from patients with pleural mesothelioma (MPM). PATIENTS AND METHODS SMRP level in PE was tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 109 patients with MPM at diagnosis before any treatment. The Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox regression were applied to compare overall survival probabilities across tertile categories of SMRP level. RESULTS No significant differences in Kaplan-Meier overall survival probabilities among the SMRP categories were found. A statistically non-significant trend for increased death rate ratio (RR) was computed (p=0.327) when the higher (>46.5 nM, RR=1.38) and intermediate (8.5-46.5 nM, RR=1.18) SMRP categories were compared to the lower category (<8.5 nM, RR=1.00). Cox regression modelling including a restricted cubic spline showed a moderately rising non-linear trend in death rate. CONCLUSION The SMRP level in PE does not appear to have prognostic significance and its detection is not recommended in routine clinical management of patients with MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Fontana
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonella Vigani
- Oncology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n. 5 "Spezzino", La Spezia, Italy
| | - Pier Aldo Canessa
- Pneumology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n. 5 "Spezzino", La Spezia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Berisso
- Medicine Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n. 5 "Spezzino", La Spezia, Italy
| | - Ugo Giannoni
- Radiodiagnostic Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n. 5 "Spezzino", La Spezia, Italy
| | - Paola Ferro
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n. 5 "Spezzino", La Spezia, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Carosio
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marika Tonarelli
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n. 5 "Spezzino", La Spezia, Italy
| | - Cristiana Rossi
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n. 5 "Spezzino", La Spezia, Italy
| | - Paolo Dessanti
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n. 5 "Spezzino", La Spezia, Italy
| | - Silvio Roncella
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n. 5 "Spezzino", La Spezia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pistillo MP, Fontana V, Morabito A, Dozin B, Laurent S, Carosio R, Banelli B, Ferrero F, Spano L, Tanda E, Ferrucci PF, Martinoli C, Cocorocchio E, Guida M, Tommasi S, De Galitiis F, Pagani E, Antonini Cappellini GC, Marchetti P, Quaglino P, Fava P, Osella-Abate S, Ascierto PA, Capone M, Simeone E, Romani M, Spagnolo F, Queirolo P. Soluble CTLA-4 as a favorable predictive biomarker in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab: an Italian melanoma intergroup study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:97-107. [PMID: 30311027 PMCID: PMC11028053 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CTLA-4 blockade by means of ipilimumab (IPI) potentiates the immune response and improves overall survival (OS) in a minority of metastatic melanoma (MM) patients. We investigated the role of soluble CTLA-4 (sCTLA-4) as a possible biomarker for identifying this subset of patients. sCTLA-4 levels were analyzed at baseline in sera from 113 IPI-treated MM patients by ELISA, and the median value (200 pg/ml) was used to create two equally sized subgroups. Associations of sCTLA-4 with best overall response (BOR) to IPI and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were evaluated through logistic regression. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods were used to analyze OS. A remarkable association between sCTLA-4 levels and BOR was found. Specifically, the proportion of patients with sCTLA-4 > 200 pg/ml in irSD or irPD (immune-related stable or progressive disease) was, respectively, 80% (OR = 0.23; 95%CL = 0.03-1.88) and 89% (OR = 0.11; 95%CL = 0.02-0.71) and was lower than that observed among patients in irCR/irPR (immune-related complete/partial response). sCTLA-4 levels increased during IPI treatment, since the proportion of patients showing sCTLA > 200 pg/ml after 3 cycles was 4 times higher (OR = 4.41, 95%CL = 1.02-19.1) than that after 1 cycle. Moreover, a significantly lower death rate was estimated for patients with sCTLA-4 > 200 pg/ml (HR = 0.61, 95%CL = 0.39-0.98). Higher baseline sCTLA-4 levels were also associated with the onset of any irAE (p value = 0.029), in particular irAEs of the digestive tract (p value = 0.041). In conclusion, our results suggest that high sCTLA-4 serum levels might predict favorable clinical outcome and higher risk of irAEs in IPI-treated MM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Pistillo
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Morabito
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Dozin
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Laurent
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberta Carosio
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrero
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Spano
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Enrica Tanda
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Martinoli
- Oncology of Melanoma Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- iTeos Therapeutics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Michele Guida
- Department of Medical Oncology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Elena Pagani
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Marchetti
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatologic Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Fava
- Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatologic Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Osella-Abate
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Surgical Pathology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Capone
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Ester Simeone
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Romani
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Spagnolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Queirolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Romani M, Pistillo MP, Carosio R, Morabito A, Banelli B. Immune Checkpoints and Innovative Therapies in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2018; 8:464. [PMID: 30406030 PMCID: PMC6206227 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the Immune Checkpoint molecules (ICs; CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1/2, and others) which provide inhibitory signals to T cells, dramatically improves survival in hard-to-treat tumors. The establishment of an immunosuppressive environment prevents endogenous immune response in glioblastoma; therefore, manipulating the host immune system seems a reasonable strategy also for this tumor. In glioma patients the accumulation of CD4+/CD8+ T cells and Treg expressing high levels of CTLA-4 and PD-1, or the high expression of PD-L1 in glioma cells correlates with WHO high grade and short survival. Few clinical studies with IC inhibitors (ICis) were completed so far. Notably, the first large-scale randomized trial (NCT 02017717) that compared PD-1 blockade and anti-VEGF, did not show an OS increase in the patients treated with anti-PD-1. Several factors could have contributed to the failure of this trial and must be considered to design further clinical studies. In particular the possibility of targeting at the same time different ICs was pre-clinically tested in an animal model were inhibitors against IDO, CTLA-4 and PD-L1 were combined and showed persistent and significant antitumor effects in glioma-bearing mice. It is reasonable to hypothesize that the immunological characterization of the tumor in terms of type and level of expressed IC molecules on the tumor and TIL may be useful to design the optimal ICi combination for a given subset of tumor to overcome the immunosuppressive milieu of glioblastoma and to efficiently target a tumor with such high cellular complexity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Romani
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Carosio
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Morabito
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the first tumors where the biological changes accompanying a single epigenetic modification, the methylation of the MGMT gene, were found to be of clinical relevance. The exploration of the epigenomic landscape of glioblastoma has allowed to identify patients carrying a diffuse hypermethylation at gene promoters and with better outcome. Epigenetic and genetic data have led to the definition of major subgroups of glioma and were the basis of the current WHO classification of CNS tumors and of a novel classification based solely on DNA methylation data that shows a remarkable diagnostic precision.The reversibility of epigenetic modifications is considered a therapeutic opportunity in many tumors also because these alterations have been mechanistically linked to the biological characteristics of glioblastoma. Several alterations like IDH1/2 mutations that interfere with "epigenetic modifier" enzymes, the mutations of the histone 3 variants H3.1 and H3.3 that alter the global H3K27me3 levels and the altered expression of histone methyltransferases and demethylases are considered potentially druggable targets in glioma and molecules targeting these alterations are being tested in preclinical and clinical trials. The recent advances on the knowledge of the players of the "epigenetic orchestra" and of their mutual interactions are indicating new paths that may eventually open new therapeutic options for this invariably lethal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Romani
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vigani A, Pistillo MP, Fontana V, Giannoni U, Rosenberg I, Canessa PA, Berisso G, Ferro P, Franceschini MC, Tonarelli M, Roncella S. Use of Serum Mesothelin as an Indicator of Tumor Progression in Routine Clinical Practice of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Treatment. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 13:e143-e145. [PMID: 30049376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Vigani
- Oncology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5 Spezzino, La Spezia, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ugo Giannoni
- Radiodiagnostic Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5 Spezzino, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Ilan Rosenberg
- Radiodiagnostic Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5 Spezzino, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Pier Aldo Canessa
- Pneumology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5 Spezzino, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Berisso
- Medicine Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5 Spezzino, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Paola Ferro
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5 Spezzino, La Spezia, Italy
| | | | - Marika Tonarelli
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5 Spezzino, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Silvio Roncella
- Histopathology and Cytopathology Division, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5 Spezzino, La Spezia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Queirolo P, Dozin B, Morabito A, Banelli B, Carosio R, Fontana V, Ferrucci PF, Martinoli C, Cocorocchio E, Ascierto PA, Madonna G, Simeone E, De Galitiis F, Antonini Cappellini GC, Marchetti P, Guida M, Tommasi S, Ghilardi L, Merelli B, Fava P, Osella-Abate S, Guidoboni M, Romani M, Ferone D, Spagnolo F, Pistillo MP. CTLA-4 gene variant -1661A>G may predict the onset of endocrine adverse events in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab. Eur J Cancer 2018; 97:59-61. [PMID: 29743138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Queirolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Beatrice Dozin
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Morabito
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Carosio
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Martinoli
- Oncology of Melanoma Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Madonna
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Ester Simeone
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Marchetti
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Medical Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Guida
- Department of Medical Oncology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Laura Ghilardi
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Barbara Merelli
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paolo Fava
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Osella-Abate
- Section of Surgical Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Romani
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Diego Ferone
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Spagnolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Petretto A, Carbotti G, Inglese E, Lavarello C, Pistillo MP, Rigo V, Croce M, Longo L, Martini S, Vacca P, Ferrini S, Fabbi M. Proteomic analysis uncovers common effects of IFN-γ and IL-27 on the HLA class I antigen presentation machinery in human cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72518-72536. [PMID: 27683036 PMCID: PMC5341926 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-27, a member of the IL-12-family of cytokines, has shown anti-tumor activity in several pre-clinical models due to anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and immune-enhancing effects. On the other hand, IL-27 demonstrated immune regulatory activities and inhibition of auto-immunity in mouse models. Also, we reported that IL-27, similar to IFN-γ, induces the expression of IL-18BP, IDO and PD-L1 immune regulatory molecules in human cancer cells. Here, a proteomic analysis reveals that IL-27 and IFN-γ display a broad overlap of functions on human ovarian cancer cells. Indeed, among 990 proteins modulated by either cytokine treatment in SKOV3 cells, 814 showed a concordant modulation by both cytokines, while a smaller number (176) were differentially modulated. The most up-regulated proteins were common to both IFN-γ and IL-27. In addition, functional analysis of IL-27-regulated protein networks highlighted pathways of interferon signaling and regulation, antigen presentation, protection from natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, regulation of protein polyubiquitination and proteasome, aminoacid catabolism and regulation of viral protein levels. Importantly, we found that IL-27 induced HLA class I molecule expression in human cancer cells of different histotypes, including tumor cells showing very low expression. IL-27 failed only in a cancer cell line bearing a homozygous deletion in the B2M gene. Altogether, these data point out to a broad set of activities shared by IL-27 and IFN-γ, which are dependent on the common activation of the STAT1 pathway. These data add further explanation to the anti-tumor activity of IL-27 and also to its dual role in immune regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Petretto
- Core Facilities-Proteomics Laboratory, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Grazia Carbotti
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elvira Inglese
- Core Facilities-Proteomics Laboratory, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Lavarello
- Core Facilities-Proteomics Laboratory, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Tumor Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valentina Rigo
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Croce
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Longo
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Martini
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvano Ferrini
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Fabbi
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Banelli B, Daga A, Forlani A, Allemanni G, Marubbi D, Pistillo MP, Profumo A, Romani M. Small molecules targeting histone demethylase genes (KDMs) inhibit growth of temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:34896-34910. [PMID: 28432280 PMCID: PMC5471020 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In glioblastoma several histone demethylase genes (KDM) are overexpressed compared to normal brain tissue and the development of Temozolomide (TMZ) resistance is accompanied by the transient further increased expression of KDM5A and other KDMs following a mechanism that we defined as “epigenetic resilience”. We hypothesized that targeting KDMs may kill the cells that survive the cytotoxic therapy. We determined the effect of JIB 04 and CPI-455, two KDM inhibitors, on glioblastoma cells and found that both molecules are more effective against TMZ-resistant rather than native cells. Because of its lower IC50, we focused on JIB 04 that targets KDM5A and other KDMs as well. We have shown that this molecule activates autophagic and apoptotic pathways, interferes with cell cycle progression, inhibits cell clonogenicity and dephosphorylates Akt thus inactivating a potent pro-survival pathway. We performed combination temozolomide/JIB 04 in vitro treatments showing that these two molecules, under certain conditions, have a strong synergic effect and we hypothesize that JIB 04 intercepts the cells that escape the G2 block exerted by TMZ. Finally we studied the permeability of JIB 04 across the blood-brain barrier and found that this molecule reaches bioactive concentration in the brain; furthermore a pilot in vivo experiment in an orthotopic GB xenograft model showed a trend toward longer survival in treated mice with an Hazard Ratio of 0.5. In conclusion we propose that the combination between cytotoxic drugs and molecules acting on the epigenetic landscape may offer the opportunity to develop new therapies for this invariably lethal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Banelli
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Antonio Daga
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Forlani
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Allemanni
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela Marubbi
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Aldo Profumo
- Biopolymers and Proteomic Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Romani
- Laboratory of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Queirolo P, Dozin B, Morabito A, Banelli B, Piccioli P, Fava C, Leo C, Carosio R, Laurent S, Fontana V, Ferrucci PF, Martinoli C, Cocorocchio E, Battaglia A, Ascierto PA, Capone M, Simeone E, De Galitiis F, Pagani E, Antonini Cappellini GC, Marchetti P, Guida M, Tommasi S, Mandalà M, Merelli B, Quaglino P, Fava P, Guidoboni M, Romani M, Spagnolo F, Pistillo MP. Corrigendum: Association of CTLA-4 Gene Variants with Response to Therapy and Long-term Survival in Metastatic Melanoma Patients Treated with Ipilimumab: An Italian Melanoma Intergroup Study. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29531523 PMCID: PMC5840259 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article on p. 386 in vol. 8, PMID: 28446908.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Queirolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Beatrice Dozin
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Morabito
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Patrizia Piccioli
- Unit of Cellular Biology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Cristiana Fava
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Leo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Carosio
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania Laurent
- Intergruppo Melanoma Italiano (IMI) and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Martinoli
- Oncology of Melanoma Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Battaglia
- Oncology of Melanoma Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione 'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Capone
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione 'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Ester Simeone
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione 'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elena Pagani
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Marchetti
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Medical Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Guida
- Department of Medical Oncology, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II,"Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II,"Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Mandalà
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Barbara Merelli
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Fava
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Romani
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Spagnolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Salvi S, Ravetti JL, Arena G, Musso C, Varesano S, Pistillo MP, Canessa PA, Ferro P, Fedeli F, Roncella S. Evaluation of RET Gene Rearrangement by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Malignant Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2017; 13:e12-e14. [PMID: 29258668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Salvi
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jean Louis Ravetti
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Clementina Musso
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serena Varesano
- Unit of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pier Aldo Canessa
- Division of Pneumology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Paola Ferro
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Franco Fedeli
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Silvio Roncella
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 5, La Spezia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Salvi S, Varesano S, Boccardo S, Ravetti JL, Canessa PA, Pistillo MP, Ferro P, Fedeli F, Roncella S. FISH Analysis of Crizotinib Target Genes ROS1 / ALK / MET in Malignant Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2017; 12:e116-e118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
17
|
Amaro A, Parodi F, Diedrich K, Angelini G, Götz C, Viaggi S, Maric I, Coviello D, Pistillo MP, Morabito A, Mandalà M, Ghiorzo P, Visconti P, Gualco M, Anselmi L, Puzone R, Lanza F, Mosci C, Raggi F, Bosco MC, Varesio L, Zeschnigk M, Spano L, Queirolo P, Pfeffer U. Analysis of the Expression and Single-Nucleotide Variant Frequencies of the Butyrophilin-like 2 Gene in Patients With Uveal Melanoma. JAMA Ophthalmol 2017; 134:1125-1133. [PMID: 27532663 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Chromosome 6p amplification is associated with more benign behavior for uveal melanomas (UMs) with an otherwise high risk of metastasis conferred by chromosome 3 monosomy. Chromosome 6p contains several members of the B7 family of immune regulator genes, including butyrophilin-like 2 (BTNL2; OMIM, 606000), which is associated with prostate cancer risk and autoimmune diseases. Objective To investigate the expression and variant allele frequencies of BTNL2, a candidate gene for chromosome 6 amplification, in patients with UM. Design, Setting, and Participants In this case-control study, we analyzed the expression of BTNL2 in UM cell lines and human macrophages in patients with UM. Variants of BTNL2 were analyzed using probes for polymerase chain reaction and high-resolution melting. The association of missense variants rs28362679 and rs41441651 with tumor risk was analyzed in 209 patients with UM and 116 matched control patients as well as 12 UM and 64 other tumor cell lines. Genes that were differentially expressed in M1- and M2-polarized macrophages were identified by microarray analysis of 111 patients with UM, and the association of the expression of these genes with disease-free survival was analyzed by Cox regression analysis. Data were collected from September 2013 to November 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures Butyrophilin-like 2 single-nucleotide variants were associated with UM risk; M1 and M2 macrophage-specific gene expression was associated with disease-free survival. Results We genotyped a total of 325 patients. Of the 209 patients with UM, 124 (59.3%) were male, 114 (54.5%) were Italian, and 95 (45.5%) were German; the mean (range) age was 65 (27-94) years. Of the 116 Italian control patients, 67 (57.8%) were female, and the mean (range) age was 39 (21-88) years. Butyrophilin-like 2 is expressed in patients with UM and macrophages. The frequency of the rs28362679 variant was higher in patients with UM (16 of 209 [7.7%]; 95% CI, 4.7-12.2) than frequencies from European Variation Archive and Exome Aggregation Consortium data (2134 of 118 564 [1.8%]; 95% CI, 1.7-1.9) and Exome Sequencing Project data (100 of 4540 [2.2%]; 95% CI, 1.8-2.7) but were not higher compared with Italian control patients (10 of 116 [8.6%]; 95% CI, 4.6-15.4). The rs41441651 variant was present in 5 patients with UM (2.4%; 95% CI, 0.9-5.7), 2 Italian control patients (1.7%; 95% CI, 0.1-6.5), 2846 patients from European Variation Archive and Exome Aggregation Consortium data (2.4%; 95% CI, 2.3-2.5), and 23 patients from Exome Sequencing Project data (0.5%; 95% CI, 0.3-0.8). Human UM cells express M1 and M2 macrophage-specific genes, whose expression is associated with disease-free survival. Conclusions and Relevance Butyrophilin-like 2, expressed at various levels by UM cells and macrophages, might interfere with the immune control of the tumor. Butyrophilin-like 2 variants showed highly variable frequencies among ethnically related cohorts. There was no enrichment of BTNL2 variants in patients with UM compared with control patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Amaro
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy2Department of Earth Sciences, Environment, and Life, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Parodi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy3Intergruppo Melanoma Italiano, Genova, Italy
| | - Konrad Diedrich
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Angelini
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Viaggi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment, and Life, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy5Ente Ospedaliero Galliera, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Department of Tumor Epigenetics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Morabito
- Department of Tumor Epigenetics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Mario Mandalà
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paola Ghiorzo
- Department of Genetics of Rare Tumors, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Visconti
- Department of Blood Transfusion Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Marina Gualco
- Department of Anatomy and Cytohistopathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Puzone
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Federica Raggi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Bosco
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Varesio
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Michael Zeschnigk
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, West German Cancer Center and the German Cancer Consortium, Essen, Germany
| | - Laura Spano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Queirolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Ulrich Pfeffer
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Queirolo P, Dozin B, Morabito A, Banelli B, Piccioli P, Fava C, Leo C, Carosio R, Laurent S, Fontana V, Ferrucci PF, Martinoli C, Cocorocchio E, Battaglia A, Ascierto PA, Capone M, Simeone E, De Galitiis F, Pagani E, Antonini Cappellini GC, Marchetti P, Guida M, Tommasi S, Mandalà M, Merelli B, Quaglino P, Fava P, Guidoboni M, Romani M, Spagnolo F, Pistillo MP. Association of CTLA-4 Gene Variants with Response to Therapy and Long-term Survival in Metastatic Melanoma Patients Treated with Ipilimumab: An Italian Melanoma Intergroup Study. Front Immunol 2017; 8:386. [PMID: 28446908 PMCID: PMC5388686 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ipilimumab (IPI) blocks CTLA-4 immune checkpoint resulting in T cell activation and enhanced antitumor immunity. IPI improves overall survival (OS) in 22% of patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We investigated the association of CTLA-4 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) with best overall response (BOR) to IPI and OS in a cohort of 173 MM patients. Patients were genotyped for six CTLA-4 SNVs (−1661A>G, −1577G>A, −658C>T, −319C>T, +49A>G, and CT60G>A). We assessed the association between SNVs and BOR through multinomial logistic regression (MLR) and the prognostic effect of SNVs on OS through Kaplan–Meier method. Both −1577G>A and CT60G>A SNVs were found significantly associated with BOR. In particular, the proportion of responders was higher in G/G genotype while that of stable patients was higher in A/A genotype. The frequency of patients experiencing progression was similar in all genotypes. MLR evidenced a strong downward trend in the probability of responsiveness/progression, in comparison to disease stability, as a function of the allele A “dose” (0, 1, or 2) in both SNVs with reductions of about 70% (G/A vs G/G) and about 95% (A/A vs G/G). Moreover, −1577G/G and CT60G/G genotypes were associated with long-term OS, the surviving patients being at 3 years 29.8 and 30.8%, respectively, as compared to 12.9 and 14.4% of surviving patients carrying −1577G/A and CT60G/A, respectively. MM patients carrying −1577G/G or CT60G/G genotypes may benefit from IPI treatment in terms of BOR and long-term OS. These CTLA-4 SNVs may serve as potential biomarkers predictive of favorable outcome in this subset of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Queirolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Beatrice Dozin
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Morabito
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Patrizia Piccioli
- Unit of Cellular Biology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Cristiana Fava
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Leo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Carosio
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania Laurent
- Intergruppo Melanoma Italiano (IMI) and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Martinoli
- Oncology of Melanoma Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Battaglia
- Oncology of Melanoma Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione 'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Capone
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione 'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Ester Simeone
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione 'G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - Federica De Galitiis
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Pagani
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Marchetti
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Medical Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Guida
- Department of Medical Oncology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Mandalà
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Barbara Merelli
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Fava
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Romani
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Spagnolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Roncella S, Laurent S, Fontana V, Ferro P, Franceschini MC, Salvi S, Varesano S, Boccardo S, Vigani A, Morabito A, Canessa PA, Giannoni U, Rosenberg I, Valentino A, Fedeli F, Merlo DF, Ceppi M, Riggio S, Romani M, Saverino D, Poggi A, Pistillo MP. CTLA-4 in mesothelioma patients: tissue expression, body fluid levels and possible relevance as a prognostic factor. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 65:909-17. [PMID: 27207606 PMCID: PMC11029598 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
CTLA-4 function as a negative regulator of T cell-mediated immune response is well established, whereas much less is known about the immunoregulatory role of its soluble isoform (sCTLA-4). No data are available on CTLA-4 expression and prognostic impact in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). We investigated, by immunohistochemistry, CTLA-4 expression in tumor tissues and, by ELISA, sCTLA-4 levels in sera and matched pleural effusions from 45 MPM patients. Prognostic effect of CTLA-4 expression on overall survival (OS) was assessed through Cox regression and prognostic significance expressed as death rate ratio (HR). We found that 56.0 % of MPM tissues expressed CTLA-4 with variable intensity and percentage of positive cells estimated by the immunoreactive score. sCTLA-4 levels were significantly higher in sera (S-sCTLA-4) than in pleural effusions (PE-sCTLA-4) (geometric mean ratio = 2.70, P value = 0.020). CTLA-4 expression at the tissue level was higher in the epithelioid histological subtype than in the sarcomatoid, whereas at the serum level, it was higher in the sarcomatoid subtype. A homogeneous favorable prognostic effect was found for CTLA-4 overexpression in tissue, serum and pleural effusion. Interestingly, only the PE-sCTLA-4 was found to be a statistically significant positive prognostic factor (HR = 0.37, 95 % CI = 0.18-0.77, P value = 0.007). Indeed, PE-sCTLA-4 correlated with CTLA-4 expression in tissues, whereas this latter expression showed a weak association with OS. To confirm our findings, further experimental evidences obtained from a larger cohort of MPM patients are required. However, our results would indicate a positive correlation of PE-sCTLA-4 levels and OS in MPM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Roncella
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, ASL5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Stefania Laurent
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Ferro
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, ASL5, La Spezia, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Salvi
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serena Varesano
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Boccardo
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Anna Morabito
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Franco Fedeli
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, ASL5, La Spezia, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Ceppi
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Riggio
- Blood Transfusion Centre, IRCCS AOU-San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Romani
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Saverino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poggi
- Unit of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Salvi S, Varesano S, Boccardo S, Ravetti JL, Canessa PA, Pistillo MP, Ferro P, Fedeli F, Roncella S. EGFR Status in Mesothelioma: Possible Implications for the Efficacy of Anti-EGFR and Anti-MET Therapies. J Thorac Oncol 2016; 11:e78-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
21
|
Varesano S, Salvi S, Boccardo S, Ravetti JL, Pistillo MP, Canessa PA, Ferro P, Fedeli F, Roncella S. MET Gene Status in Malignant Mesothelioma Using Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization. J Thorac Oncol 2016; 11:e28-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
22
|
Boero S, Morabito A, Banelli B, Cardinali B, Dozin B, Lunardi G, Piccioli P, Lastraioli S, Carosio R, Salvi S, Levaggi A, Poggio F, D'Alonzo A, Romani M, Del Mastro L, Poggi A, Pistillo MP. Erratum to: Analysis of in vitro ADCC and clinical response to trastuzumab: possible relevance of FcγRIIIA/FcγRIIA gene polymorphisms and HER-2 expression levels on breast cancer cell lines. J Transl Med 2016; 14:24. [PMID: 26801979 PMCID: PMC4724068 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Boero
- Unit of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Anna Morabito
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Barbara Cardinali
- Development of Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Dozin
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Lunardi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy.
| | | | - Sonia Lastraioli
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Roberta Carosio
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Sandra Salvi
- Unit of Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessia Levaggi
- Development of Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Poggio
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessia D'Alonzo
- Development of Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Massimo Romani
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Lucia Del Mastro
- Development of Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Poggi
- Unit of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Boero S, Morabito A, Banelli B, Cardinali B, Dozin B, Lunardi G, Piccioli P, Lastraioli S, Carosio R, Salvi S, Levaggi A, Poggio F, D'Alonzo A, Romani M, Del Mastro L, Poggi A, Pistillo MP. Analysis of in vitro ADCC and clinical response to trastuzumab: possible relevance of FcγRIIIA/FcγRIIA gene polymorphisms and HER-2 expression levels on breast cancer cell lines. J Transl Med 2015; 13:324. [PMID: 26450443 PMCID: PMC4598965 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) currently used for the treatment of breast cancer (BC) patients with HER-2 overexpressing tumor subtype. Previous data reported the involvement of FcγRIIIA/IIA gene polymorphisms and/or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in the therapeutic efficacy of trastuzumab, although results on these issues are still controversial. This study was aimed to evaluate in vitro the functional relationships among FcγRIIIA/IIA polymorphisms, ADCC intensity and HER-2 expression on tumor target cells and to correlate them with response to trastuzumab. Patients and methods Twenty-five patients with HER-2 overexpressing BC, receiving trastuzumab in a neoadjuvant (NEO) or metastatic (MTS) setting, were genotyped for the FcγRIIIA 158V>F and FcγRIIA 131H>R polymorphisms by a newly developed pyrosequencing assay and by multiplex Tetra-primer-ARMS PCR, respectively. Trastuzumab-mediated ADCC of patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was evaluated prior to therapy and measured by 51Chromium release using as targets three human BC cell lines showing different levels of reactivity with trastuzumab. Results We found that the FcγRIIIA 158F and/or the FcγRIIA 131R variants, commonly reported as unfavorable in BC, may actually behave as ADCC favorable genotypes, in both the NEO (P ranging from 0.009 to 0.039 and from 0.007 to 0.047, respectively) and MTS (P ranging from 0.009 to 0.032 and P = 0.034, respectively) patients. The ADCC intensity was affected by different levels of trastuzumab reactivity with BC target cells. In this context, the MCF-7 cell line, showing the lowest reactivity with trastuzumab, resulted the most suitable cell line for evaluating ADCC and response to trastuzumab. Indeed, we found a statistically significant correlation between an increased frequency of patients showing ADCC of MCF-7 and complete response to trastuzumab in the NEO setting (P = 0.006). Conclusions Although this study was performed in a limited number of patients, it would indicate a correlation of FcγR gene polymorphisms to the ADCC extent in combination with the HER-2 expression levels on tumor target cells in BC patients. However, to confirm our findings further experimental evidences obtained from a larger cohort of BC patients are mandatory. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0680-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Boero
- Unit of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Anna Morabito
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Barbara Banelli
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Barbara Cardinali
- Development of Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Dozin
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Lunardi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy.
| | | | - Sonia Lastraioli
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Roberta Carosio
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Sandra Salvi
- Unit of Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessia Levaggi
- Development of Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Poggio
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessia D'Alonzo
- Development of Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Massimo Romani
- Unit of Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Lucia Del Mastro
- Development of Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Poggi
- Unit of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Franceschini MC, Ferro P, Canessa PA, Battolla E, Dessanti P, Valentino A, Casolari L, Fontana V, Pezzi R, Fedeli F, Pistillo MP, Roncella S. Mesothelin in serum and pleural effusion in the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma with non-positive cytology. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:7425-7429. [PMID: 25503183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Mesothelin (SMRP) is regarded as a biomarker of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Herein, we analyzed the contribution of SMRP detection in pleural effusion and in serum to the diagnosis of MPM with non-positive cytology. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study included 52 cases of MPM, 43 of pleural benign lesions and 25 of non-MPM pleural metastases. SMRP was measured by MesoMark ELISA (Cis-Bio International Gif/Yvette; France). RESULTS In non-positive cytology, effusion-SMRP showed higher diagnostic performance than serum-SMRP. We found 38 out of 52 (73.1%) cases of non-positive cytology MPM, out of which 27 (71.0%) were positive for effusion-SMRP (cut-off=12.70 nM) and 18 (47.4%) for serum-SMRP (cut-off=1.08 nM). When cytology, effusion- and serum-SMRP were used in combination, an overall sensitivity in detection of MPM of 78.9% was achieved. The same sensitivity was obtained by combining cytology with effusion-SMRP alone, whereas the combination of serum-SMRP with cytology led to a sensitivity of 61.5%. CONCLUSION Detection of both effusion- and serum-SMRP can contribute to improve the diagnosis of MPM with non-positive cytology. However, the analysis of SMRP in effusion makes it unnecessary to test SMRP in the serum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Ferro
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Pier Aldo Canessa
- Division of Pneumology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Enrico Battolla
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Paolo Dessanti
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Valentino
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Laura Casolari
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pezzi
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Franco Fedeli
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Tumor Epigenetics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvio Roncella
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 5, La Spezia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Banelli B, Morabito A, Laurent S, Piccioli P, Dozin B, Ghio M, Ascierto PA, Monteghirfo S, Marasco A, Ottaviano V, Queirolo P, Romani M, Pistillo MP. A novel multiplex pyrosequencing assay for genotyping functionally relevant CTLA-4 polymorphisms: Potential applications in autoimmunity and cancer. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:730-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
26
|
Simeone E, Gentilcore G, Giannarelli D, Grimaldi AM, Caracò C, Curvietto M, Esposito A, Paone M, Palla M, Cavalcanti E, Sandomenico F, Petrillo A, Botti G, Fulciniti F, Palmieri G, Queirolo P, Marchetti P, Ferraresi V, Rinaldi G, Pistillo MP, Ciliberto G, Mozzillo N, Ascierto PA. Immunological and biological changes during ipilimumab treatment and their potential correlation with clinical response and survival in patients with advanced melanoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2014; 63:675-83. [PMID: 24695951 PMCID: PMC11028686 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ipilimumab can induce durable disease control and long-term survival in patients with metastatic melanoma. Identification of a biomarker that correlates with clinical benefit and potentially provides an early marker of response is an active area of research. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ipilimumab was available upon physician request for patients aged ≥16 years with stage III (unresectable) or IV cutaneous, ocular or mucosal melanoma, who had failed or did not tolerate previous treatments and had no other therapeutic option available. Patients received ipilimumab 3 mg/kg every 3 weeks for four doses. Tumour assessments were conducted at baseline, Week 12 and Week 24 using immune-related response criteria. Patients were monitored continuously for adverse events (AEs), including immune-related AEs. Candidate immunological markers were evaluated in peripheral blood and sera samples collected at baseline and Weeks 4, 7, 10 and 12. RESULTS Among 95 patients treated with ipilimumab 3 mg/kg, the immune-related disease control rate at Week 24 was 38 %. With a median follow-up of 24 months, median overall survival was 9.6 months. Both disease control and survival were significantly associated with decreasing levels of lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein and FoxP3/regulatory T cells, and increasing absolute lymphocyte count, between baseline and the end of dosing (Week 12). CONCLUSION Ipilimumab is a feasible treatment option for heavily pretreated patients with metastatic melanoma. Changes in some immunological markers between baseline and the fourth ipilimumab infusion appear to be associated with disease control and survival, but verification in prospective clinical trials is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Simeone
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Gentilcore
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonio M. Grimaldi
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Corrado Caracò
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Curvietto
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Esposito
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Miriam Paone
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Palla
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ernesta Cavalcanti
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Sandomenico
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Petrillo
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Franco Fulciniti
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paola Queirolo
- San Martino Hospital, National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Dermopathic Institute of the Immaculate IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Sant’Andrea Hospital, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gaetana Rinaldi
- “Paolo Giaccone” Polyclinic University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- San Martino Hospital, National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Mozzillo
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo A. Ascierto
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Varesano S, Leo C, Boccardo S, Salvi S, Truini M, Ferro P, Fedeli F, Canessa PA, Dessanti P, Pistillo MP, Roncella S. Status of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) in malignant mesothelioma. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:2589-2592. [PMID: 24778081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a particularly aggressive type of primary tumor, associated with exposure to asbestos, and characterized by high mortality. To date, there is no curative therapy for MM. The receptor anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) was found to be mutated in many cases of cancer and used as a target in biological therapies. We investigated whether this pharmacological treatment could also be applicable to MM. MATERIALS AND METHODS The state of ALK was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization in 63 MM tissue specimens. RESULTS None of the 63 MM samples showed overexpression or translocation of ALK. CONCLUSION Our preliminary data exclude the utility of analysis of the ALK gene in MM and suggest that ALK inhibitor therapy is not applicable to MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Varesano
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, PO Sant'Andrea ASL5., Via Mario Asso n. 2. 19124 La Spezia, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Canessa PA, Ferro P, Franceschini MC, Balestracci V, Sivori M, Fini D, Battolla E, Fontana V, Fedeli F, Pistillo MP, Roncella S. Clinical Relevance of Positive Pleural Effusion Soluble Mesothelin-Related Peptide in Nonmalignant Pleuritis. Chest 2013. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1702541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
29
|
Ferro P, Canessa PA, Battolla E, Dessanti P, Franceschini MC, Chiaffi L, Morabito A, Fontana V, Pezzi R, Fedeli F, Pistillo MP, Roncella S. Mesothelin is more useful in pleural effusion than in serum in the diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma. Anticancer Res 2013; 33:2707-2713. [PMID: 23749930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Soluble mesothelin-related peptide (SMRP) is regarded as a biomarker of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Herein, we compared the diagnostic performances of SMRP in matched pleural effusion (PE-SMRP) and serum (S-SMRP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Diagnosis on pleural biopsies was performed for all patients including 43 with MPM, 23 with non-MPM pleural metastases (MTS) and 36 with benign (BNG) pleural diseases. SMRP was measured by a MesoMark ELISA (Cis-Bio International Gif/Yvette; France). RESULTS Using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, 12.70 and 1.08 nM were detected as cut-off values to optimal discrimination for PE-SMRP and S-SMRP, respectively. PE-SMRP showed a better diagnostic accuracy than S-SMRP in MPM vs. MTS+BNG (area under the ROC curve=81.6 vs. 70.5; sensitivity=69.8% vs. 46.5%; specificity=88.1% vs. 84.7%; diagnostic odds ratio (DOR)=17.1 vs. 4.8). In S-SMRP-negative patients, PE-SMRP maintained an acceptable performance (Sensitivity=47.8%; DOR=8.3; p=0.001), whereas in PE-SMRP-negative patients, S-SMRP performed very poorly (Sensitivity=15.4%; DOR=1.2; p=0.858). CONCLUSION PE-SMRP detection has a superior diagnostic accuracy than S-SMRP detection in the diagnosis of MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ferro
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2Division of Pneumology, 3Division of Clinical Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale n˚ 5, La Spezia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Queirolo P, Morabito A, Laurent S, Lastraioli S, Piccioli P, Ascierto PA, Gentilcore G, Serra M, Marasco A, Tornari E, Dozin B, Pistillo MP. Association of CTLA-4 polymorphisms with improved overall survival in melanoma patients treated with CTLA-4 blockade: a pilot study. Cancer Invest 2013; 31:336-45. [PMID: 23641913 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2013.793699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
CTLA-4 blockade with monoclonal antibodies can lead to cancer regression in patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms may influence the response to anti-CTLA-4 antibodies although few data are available regarding this issue. We analyzed six CTLA-4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (-1661A > G, -1577G > A, -658C > T, -319C > T, +49A > G, and CT60G > A) in 14 Italian MM patients and 45 healthy subjects. We found a significant association between the -1577G/A and CT60G/A genotypes and improved overall survival (Pc < 0.006, Bonferroni corrected), further confirmed by the diplotype analysis (-1577 & CT60 GG-AA diplotype, p < 0.001). A positive trend toward an association between these genotypes and response to therapy was also observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Queirolo
- UOC Oncologia Medica A, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Laurent S, Queirolo P, Boero S, Salvi S, Piccioli P, Boccardo S, Minghelli S, Morabito A, Fontana V, Pietra G, Carrega P, Ferrari N, Tosetti F, Chang LJ, Mingari MC, Ferlazzo G, Poggi A, Pistillo MP. The engagement of CTLA-4 on primary melanoma cell lines induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and TNF-α production. J Transl Med 2013; 11:108. [PMID: 23634660 PMCID: PMC3663700 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4) is traditionally known as a negative regulator of T cell activation. The blocking of CTLA-4 using human monoclonal antibodies, such as Ipilimumab, is currently used to relieve CTLA-4-mediated inhibition of anti-tumor immune response in metastatic melanoma. Herein, we have analyzed CTLA-4 expression and Ipilimumab reactivity on melanoma cell lines and tumor tissues from cutaneous melanoma patients. Then, we investigated whether Ipilimumab can trigger innate immunity in terms of antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) or Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α release. Finally, a xenograft murine model was set up to determine in vivo the effects of Ipilimumab and NK cells on melanoma. Methods CTLA-4 expression and Ipilimumab reactivity were analyzed on 17 melanoma cell lines (14 primary and 3 long-term cell lines) by cytofluorimetry and on 33 melanoma tissues by immunohistochemistry. CTLA-4 transcripts were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. Soluble CTLA-4 and TNF-α were tested by ELISA. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), NK and γδT cells were tested in ADCC assay with Ipilimumab and melanoma cell lines. TNF-α release was analyzed in NK-melanoma cell co-cultures in the presence of ipilimumab. In vivo experiments of xenotransplantation were carried out in NOD/SCID mice. Results were analyzed using unpaired Student’s t-test. Results All melanoma cell lines expressed mRNA and cytoplasmic CTLA-4 but surface reactivity with Ipilimumab was quite heterogeneous. Accordingly, about 2/3 of melanoma specimens expressed CTLA-4 at different level of intensity. Ipilimumab triggered, via FcγReceptorIIIA (CD16), ex vivo NK cells as well as PBMC, IL-2 activated NK and γδT cells to ADCC of CTLA-4+ melanoma cells. No ADCC was detected upon interaction with CTLA-4- FO-1 melanoma cell line. TNF-α was released upon interaction of NK cells with CTLA-4+ melanoma cell lines. Remarkably, Ipilimumab neither affected proliferation and viability nor triggered ADCC of CTLA-4+ T lymphocytes. In a chimeric murine xenograft model, the co-engraftment of Ipilimumab-treated melanoma cells with human allogeneic NK cells delayed and significantly reduced tumor growth, as compared to mice receiving control xenografts. Conclusions Our studies demonstrate that Ipilimumab triggers effector lymphocytes to cytotoxicity and TNF-α release. These findings suggest that Ipilimumab, besides blocking CTLA-4, can directly activate the elimination of CTLA-4+ melanomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Laurent
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Canessa PA, Franceschini MC, Ferro P, Battolla E, Dessanti P, Manta C, Sivori M, Pezzi R, Fontana V, Fedeli F, Pistillo MP, Roncella S. Evaluation of soluble mesothelin-related peptide as a diagnostic marker of malignant pleural mesothelioma effusions: its contribution to cytology. Cancer Invest 2012; 31:43-50. [PMID: 23249166 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2012.749265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Soluble mesothelin-related peptide (SMRP) is regarded as an FDA approved biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of pleural malignant mesothelioma (MPM). We detected the SMRP levels in pleural effusions (PE) by means of an ELISA and analyzed their diagnostic relevance to differentiate MPM from benign pathology and from non-MPM pleural metastasis. Comparison with cytology in MPM-PE was also performed. We found that SMRP detection in MPM-PE can help the diagnosis of MPM and provide additional diagnostic value to cytology. We concluded that SMRP test may be incorporated into clinical practice of PE from patients suspicious for MPM.
Collapse
|
33
|
Salvi S, Fontana V, Boccardo S, Merlo DF, Margallo E, Laurent S, Morabito A, Rijavec E, Dal Bello MG, Mora M, Ratto GB, Grossi F, Truini M, Pistillo MP. Evaluation of CTLA-4 expression and relevance as a novel prognostic factor in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:1463-72. [PMID: 22318401 PMCID: PMC11029051 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The role of CTLA-4 in negative regulation of T-cell mediated immune response is particularly well established. Much less is known about its expression and function in tumour cells, and to our knowledge, no data are available on its possible impact on prognosis of NSCLC patients. We investigated CTLA-4 expression and prognostic role in 81 patients with radically resected stage I-III NSCLC. The analysis was performed by tissue microarray immunohistochemistry, and the median H-score of 20 was used as a threshold to define CTLA-4 overexpressing tumours. Correlation with standard prognostic factors was performed by using absolute and relative fold change indexes. Hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence limits (95% CL) were computed through the Cox model. A higher frequency of CTLA-4 overexpression (>20) was found in non-squamous than in squamous NSCLC (52.8 vs. 35.7%) and in Ki67 ≤ 15 expressing tumours, as compared to those with Ki67 > 15 (51.5 vs. 38.7%). A reduced death rate was found in CTLA-4 overexpressing tumours (HR = 0.60, 95% CL = 0.28/1.23), and a further decrease was observed when considering tumours with CTLA-4 > 20 and Ki67 ≤ 15, in comparison with tumours with CTLA-4 ≤ 20 and Ki67 > 15 (HR = 0.41; 95% CL = 0.15/1.13). Our observational and exploratory study provides a first and promising indication for an independent prognostic effect of CTLA-4 overexpression in radically resected NSCLC. We presume that this effect relies on modulation of the interaction of microscopic disease with CTLA-4-ligands expressing cells leading to NSCLC cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Salvi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Boccardo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Franco Merlo
- Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Margallo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Laurent
- Tumour Genetics and Epigenetics, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Morabito
- Tumour Genetics and Epigenetics, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Rijavec
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Marco Mora
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Mauro Truini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pistillo
- Tumour Genetics and Epigenetics, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Laurent S, Carrega P, Saverino D, Piccioli P, Camoriano M, Morabito A, Dozin B, Fontana V, Simone R, Mortara L, Mingari MC, Ferlazzo G, Pistillo MP. CTLA-4 is expressed by human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and regulates their functions. Hum Immunol 2010; 71:934-41. [PMID: 20650297 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is the major negative regulator of T-cell responses, although growing evidence supports its wider role as an immune attenuator that may also act in other cell lineages. Here, we have analyzed the expression of CTLA-4 in human monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs), and the effect of its engagement on cytokine production and T-cell stimulatory activity by mature DCs. CTLA-4 was highly expressed on freshly isolated monocytes, then down-modulated upon differentiation toward immature DCs (iDCs) and it was markedly upregulated on mature DCs obtained with different stimulations (lipopolysaccharides [LPS], Poly:IC, cytokines). In line with the functional role of CTLA-4 in T cells, treatment of mDCs with an agonistic anti-CTLA-4 mAb significantly enhanced secretion of regulatory interleukin (IL)-10 but reduced secretion of IL-8/IL-12 pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as autologous CD4+ T-cell proliferation in response to stimulation with recall antigen purified protein derivative (PPD) loaded-DCs. Neutralization of IL-10 with an anti-IL-10 antibody during the mDCs-CD4+ T-cell co-culture partially restored the ability of anti-CTLA-4-treated mDCs to stimulate T-cell proliferation in response to PPD. Taken together, our data provide the first evidence that CTLA-4 receptor is expressed by human monocyte-derived mDCs upon their full activation and that it exerts immune modulatory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Laurent
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ferro P, Franceschini MC, Bacigalupo B, Dessanti P, Falco E, Fontana V, Gianquinto D, Pistillo MP, Fedeli F, Roncella S. Detection of circulating tumour cells in breast cancer patients using human mammaglobin RT-PCR: association with clinical prognostic factors. Anticancer Res 2010; 30:2377-2382. [PMID: 20651396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND So far discordant results regarding the significance of tumour cells circulating in peripheral blood (CTCs) of breast cancer (BC) patients have been reported. Our aim was to evaluate the association of indirect CTC detection by amplification of human mammaglobin (hMAM) gene expression with traditional prognostic markers of clinical outcome in BC at the time of diagnosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Peripheral blood samples from 190 patients with invasive and 12 patients with in situ BC, before therapy and/or surgery, from 184 patients with benign breast disease and from 146 healthy volunteers were tested for hMAM expression by a nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Correlations between CTCs and age at diagnosis, tumour type and size, grading, lymph node involvement, oestrogen and progesterone receptor status, HER-2/neu expression and Ki-67/MIB-1 labelling index were assessed through the odds ratio (OR) point estimates, considering OR >2.0 or <0.5 as being clinically relevant. ORs and their corresponding 95% confidence limits (95% CL) were obtained by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Expression of hMAM was found only in peripheral blood of patients with invasive BC (9.5%) and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated its association with lymph node involvement (pN1-pN3 vs. pN0, OR=5.6, 95% CL=1.4-22.6; p=0.009), tumour size (pT2-pT4 vs. pT1, OR=2.3, 95% CL=0.6-9.0; p=0.207) and negative ER status (OR=2.5, 95% CL=0.6-10.0; p=0.227). CONCLUSION Our data show that CTC detection in invasive BC at the time of diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis and may also be used as an additional prognostic indicator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ferro
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Morabito A, Dozin B, Salvi S, Pasciucco G, Balbi G, Laurent S, Pastorino S, Carli F, Truini M, Bruzzi P, Del Mastro L, Pistillo MP. Analysis and clinical relevance of human leukocyte antigen class I, heavy chain, and β2-microglobulin downregulation in breast cancer. Hum Immunol 2009; 70:492-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
37
|
Mangerini R, Lanino E, Terranova P, Faraci M, Pistillo MP, Gaetani GF, Ferraris AM. Telomere length of donors influences granulocyte recovery in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ann Hematol 2009; 88:1029-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-009-0712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Accepted: 02/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
38
|
Roncella S, Ferro P, Bacigalupo B, Dessanti P, Pronzato P, Franceschini MC, Pratticò L, Carletti AM, Canessa PA, Fontana V, Fais F, Pistillo MP, Fedeli F. Assessment of RT-PCR detection of human mammaglobin for the diagnosis of breast cancer derived pleural effusions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 17:28-33. [PMID: 18303409 DOI: 10.1097/pdm.0b013e31811ffe3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the diagnostic significance of human mammaglobin (hMAM) mRNA expression in pleural effusions (PE) from breast cancer (BC) patients. Two hundred and fifty PE samples, including 32 from patients who had diagnosis of BC, 116 from patients with other cancers, and 102 from patients with benign diseases, were subjected to nested reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for hMAM, and the results were compared with conventional cytology. hMAM was found expressed in 76/250 (30.4%) total PE and in 23/28 (sensitivity of 82.1%) of the PE subgroup owing to metastasis from BC. The specificity for hMAM detection method was 75.7%, whereas accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 76.4%, 30.3%, and 97.1%, respectively. hMAM was also detected in 46/116 (39.6%) PE specimens from other types of cancer and in 7/102 (6.8%) from benign diseases. Comparative analysis of RT-PCR and cytology showed that 14 PE samples from metastatic BC (50%) were positive by both PCR and cytology, 9 (32.1%) were positive only by PCR and 5 (17.9%) were negative by both tests, whereas no cases were found of positive cytology with negative PCR. RT-PCR increased sensitivity of BC effusion detection to 32.1% (McNemar test, P=0.004). We demonstrated that RT-PCR for hMAM test was more sensitive than cytomorphology suggesting that, although hMAM is not BC specific, it may be useful in adjunct to cytology for the routine screening of malignant BC effusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Roncella
- Division of Histopathology and Cytopathology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Piccioli P, Serra M, Pedemonte S, Balbi G, Loiacono F, Lastraioli S, Gargiulo L, Morabito A, Zuccaro D, Del Mastro L, Pistillo MP, Venturini M, De Angioletti M, Notaro R. Hexaprimer amplification refractory mutation system PCR for simultaneous single-tube genotyping of 2 close polymorphisms. Clin Chem 2008; 54:227-9. [PMID: 18160737 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2007.095703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
40
|
Balbi G, Ferrera F, Rizzi M, Piccioli P, Morabito A, Cardamone L, Ghio M, Palmisano GL, Carrara P, Pedemonte S, Sessarego M, De Angioletti M, Notaro R, Indiveri F, Pistillo MP. Association of -318 C/T and +49 A/G cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene polymorphisms with a clinical subset of Italian patients with systemic sclerosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 149:40-7. [PMID: 17459075 PMCID: PMC1942023 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03394.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex and heterogeneous autoimmune disorder with a multi-factorial pathogenesis. Like other autoimmune disorders, the possible role of specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene polymorphisms in predisposing to SSc has been hypothesized, but it remains controversial. CTLA-4 promoter (-318C/T) and exon 1 (+49 A/G) polymorphisms have been analysed in 43 Italian females with SSc and in 93 unrelated matched healthy controls by a newly designed tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) method. No significant association has been found with either polymorphisms.Nevertheless, SSc patients without concomitant Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) were carrying both the -318T allele (P = 0.031) and the +49 G allele (P = 0.076) more frequently than SSc patients with HT [defined by positivity for anti-thyroperoxidase (TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (TGA) autoantibodies] than controls. Haplotype analysis confirms this association (P = 0.028), and suggests the predominant role of the -318T, whereas that of the +49 G, if any, seems weak. Thus, in Italian SSc patients the CTLA-4 -318C/T promoter polymorphism appears to be associated with the susceptibility to develop SSc without thyroid involvement. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and to clarify whether the -318C/T polymorphism is the functional responsible or whether it reflects the presence of another linked genetic element in the same chromosomal region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Balbi
- Department of Oncology, Biology and Genetics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Laurent S, Palmisano GL, Martelli AM, Kato T, Tazzari PL, Pierri I, Clavio M, Dozin B, Balbi G, Megna M, Morabito A, Lamparelli T, Bacigalupo A, Gobbi M, Pistillo MP. CTLA-4 expressed by chemoresistant, as well as untreated, myeloid leukaemia cells can be targeted with ligands to induce apoptosis. Br J Haematol 2007; 136:597-608. [PMID: 17367412 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06472.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that about 80% of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) samples tested at diagnosis constitutively expressed cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4). The present study compared CTLA-4 expression and function of leukaemic cells from AML patients at diagnosis with those from AML patients resistant to conventional chemotherapy. We also explored the possibility of targeting CTLA-4 for apoptosis induction in chemoresistant AML cells. AML cells either from untreated patients (n = 15) or in chemoresistant phase (n = 10) were analysed for CTLA-4 protein and transcript expression by flow cytometry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction respectively. CTLA-4 expression was similar in untreated and in chemoresistant samples and was not associated with patients' clinical features. In chemoresistant AML cells, CTLA-4 transduced an apoptotic signal on engagement with its recombinant ligands r-CD80 and r-CD86, which induced an average of 71% and 62% apoptotic cells, respectively, at highest concentration. Apoptosis was equally induced in untreated leukaemic cells accompanied by cleavage of procaspase-8 and -3. Thus, this study provides the first evidence that killing of leukaemic cells from AML patients may be obtained by the engagement of CTLA-4 with its ligands, opening the way to a novel potential therapeutic approach based on triggering the CTLA-4 molecule to circumvent chemoresistance in AML.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Apoptosis
- B7-1 Antigen/metabolism
- B7-2 Antigen/metabolism
- CTLA-4 Antigen
- Caspases/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Ligands
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
- Transcription, Genetic
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Laurent
- Unit of Translational Research A, National Cancer Research Institute, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pasquinelli G, Pistillo MP, Ricci F, Buzzi M, Tazzari PL, Foroni L, Manferdini C, Ceccarelli C, Stella A, Conte R. The “in situ” expression of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I antigens is not altered by cryopreservation in human arterial allografts. Cell Tissue Bank 2006; 8:195-203. [PMID: 17063259 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-006-9025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2006] [Accepted: 07/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to establish whether the cryopreservation procedure we currently use in clinics can modify arterial homograft antigenicity. To this purpose, we performed an immunohistochemical study on fresh and cryopreserved human arterial homografts to visualize the expression of HLA class I heavy and light chains "in situ" by using the HC-10 and Namb-1 monoclonal antibodies. Human femoral arteries and thoracic aortas were harvested from 18 heart-beating donors and sampled before and after cryopreservation. Arterial segments were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapors in a controlled rate freezing system. After thawing, samples were processed for routine immunohistochemistry. To standardize immunostaining, flow-cytometry indirect immunofluorescence analysis was performed on HUVEC; immunohistochemistry of human ovarian cortical vessels was performed as an additional positive control. Negative controls were performed by omitting tissue incubation with primary antibodies. HLA-class I antigens were markedly expressed by endothelial cells lining surface intima and adventitial vasa vasorum; a moderate expression was found in medial smooth muscle cells. Except for the surface unreactivity caused by loss of endothelium, results from cryopreserved arterial allografts were strictly comparable to those observed in fresh, unfrozen tissues. These results support the view that cryopreserved arterial allografts are immunogenic as their fresh counterparts; apart from smooth muscle cells which retained a moderate expression of HLA class I antigens following cryopreservation, our study suggests that the highly HC-10 positive endothelial cells we found to line the rich adventitial network of vasa vasorum are expected to be one of the major targets of the serological response in the recipient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Pasquinelli
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Experimental Pathology, Policlinico S. Orsola, University of Bologna, Blg 11, via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Contardi E, Palmisano GL, Tazzari PL, Martelli AM, Falà F, Fabbi M, Kato T, Lucarelli E, Donati D, Polito L, Bolognesi A, Ricci F, Salvi S, Gargaglione V, Mantero S, Alberghini M, Ferrara GB, Pistillo MP. CTLA-4 is constitutively expressed on tumor cells and can trigger apoptosis upon ligand interaction. Int J Cancer 2005; 117:538-50. [PMID: 15912538 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CTLA-4 (CD152) is a cell surface receptor that behaves as a negative regulator of the proliferation and the effector function of T cells. We have previously shown that CTLA-4 is also expressed on neoplastic lymphoid and myeloid cells, and it can be targeted to induce apoptosis. In our study, we have extended our analysis and have discovered that surface expression of CTLA-4 is detectable by flow cytometry on 30 of 34 (88%) cell lines derived from a variety of human malignant solid tumors including carcinoma, melanoma, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma (but not in primary osteoblast-like cultures). However, by reverse transcriptase-PCR, CTLA-4 expression was detected in all cell lines. We have also found, by immunohistochemistry, cytoplasmic and surface expression of CTLA-4 in the tumor cells of all 6 osteosarcoma specimens examined and in the tumour cells of all 5 cases (but only weakly or no positivity at all in neighbouring nontumor cells) of ductal breast carcinomas. Treatment of cells from CTLA-4-expressing tumor lines with recombinant forms of the CTLA-4-ligands CD80 and CD86 induced apoptosis associated with sequential activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3. The level of apoptosis was reduced by soluble CTLA-4 and by anti-CTLA-4 scFvs antibodies. The novel finding that CTLA-4 molecule is expressed and functional on human tumor cells opens up the possibility of antitumor therapeutic intervention based on targeting this molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Contardi
- Department of Oncology, Biology and Genetics (DOBIG), University of Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Palmisano GL, Contardi E, Morabito A, Gargaglione V, Ferrara GB, Pistillo MP. HLA-E surface expression is independent of the availability of HLA class I signal sequence-derived peptides in human tumor cell lines. Hum Immunol 2005; 66:1-12. [PMID: 15620456 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2004.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2004] [Revised: 10/08/2004] [Accepted: 10/14/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E is a nonclassic HLA class I molecule whose expression at the cell surface of tumor cells might allow them to escape T- and natural killer (NK)-cell immune surveillance. In this study, we analyzed HLA-E expression in a panel of human HLA-typed tumor cell lines of different histotypes by flow cytometry with anti-HLA-E monoclonal antibodies and by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Although specific HLA-E transcripts were detected in all cell lines, except in HELA, surface expression was detected at different intensities on seven (23%) of 30 cell lines with higher frequency and intensity among osteosarcoma cell lines. HLA-E-positive tumor cell lines mainly expressed the HLA-A*02 class I allele. Some tumor cell lines demonstrating HLA class I A* or Cw* alleles, which we expected to allow HLA-E surface expression on the basis of reported data on lymphoid cells, instead were HLA-E negative. All tumor cell lines were either tapasin and TAP-1 positive by flow cytometry, except two osteosarcoma cell lines, a finding that suggests an intact assembly machinery for peptide loading. We conclude that the concomitant presence of the appropriate HLA class I alleles with leader sequence-derived peptides and HLA-E heavy chain may not be sufficient to allow HLA-E surface expression in tumor cell lines as opposed to lymphoid cells.
Collapse
|
45
|
Palmisano GL, Tazzari PL, Cozzi E, Bolognesi A, Polito L, Seveso M, Ancona E, Ricci F, Conte R, Stirpe F, Ferrara GB, Pistillo MP. Expression of CTLA-4 in nonhuman primate lymphocytes and its use as a potential target for specific immunotoxin-mediated apoptosis: results of in vitro studies. Clin Exp Immunol 2004; 135:259-66. [PMID: 14738454 PMCID: PMC1808938 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2003.02382.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell-mediated immunoregulation is one of the main mechanisms implicated in induction and maintenance of transplantation tolerance. In this regard, deletion or modulation of xeno/alloantigen-specific T cells, as well as blocking of their interactions with other cell populations, are currently being pursued for tolerance induction in humans as well as nonhuman primates. In order to investigate whether cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) may represent a suitable target for a T cell depletion approach in nonhuman primate models, we analysed CTLA-4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from nonhuman primates and the potential role of two anti-CTLA-4 saporin-conjugated immunotoxins. The analysis was performed in PBMCs from 8 cynomolgus monkeys from Philippines and from Mauritius both at protein level by flow cytometry and at transcriptional level by RT-PCR. In addition, the apoptotic role of the immunotoxins was investigated. The results showed that CTLA-4 was expressed at variable levels depending on the origin of the cynomolgus monkeys and the resting or activated cell condition. CTLA-4 was not expressed on resting Mauritius PBMCs and showed a lower up-regulation upon PMA/PHA activation compared to the Philippines PBMCs that expressed CTLA-4 also before activation. Two CTLA-4 RNA transcripts (672 and 550 bp) were detected with levels variations after cell stimulation. Two anti-CTLA-4 immunotoxins induced in vitro apoptosis of activated PBMCs from both sources of cynomolgus monkeys. This is the first report that documents CTLA-4 expression both at protein and transcriptional level by nonhuman primate PBMCs and provides novel perspectives of xeno/allograft rejection immunotherapy based on CTLA-4 targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G L Palmisano
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, National Cancer Research Institute, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pistillo MP, Tazzari PL, Palmisano GL, Pierri I, Bolognesi A, Ferlito F, Capanni P, Polito L, Ratta M, Pileri S, Piccioli M, Basso G, Rissotto L, Conte R, Gobbi M, Stirpe F, Ferrara GB. CTLA-4 is not restricted to the lymphoid cell lineage and can function as a target molecule for apoptosis induction of leukemic cells. Blood 2003; 101:202-9. [PMID: 12393538 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2002-06-1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) molecule in human normal and neoplastic hematopoietic cells, both on the cell membrane and in the intracellular compartment, was evaluated. Flow cytometric analysis carried out with a panel of anti-CTLA-4 human single-chain fragment of variable domain (scFv) antibodies revealed that CTLA-4 was not expressed on the surface, whereas it was highly expressed within the cytoplasm, in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), T cells, B cells, CD34(+) stem cells, and granulocytes. Various treatments with agents able to specifically activate each cell type induced CTLA-4 expression on the surface of these cells. Similarly, increased CTLA-4 expression was observed in different hematopoietic cell lines although they also expressed surface CTLA-4, at different degrees of intensity, before activation. Surprisingly, CTLA-4 RNA transcripts were detectable in such cell lines only after nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for CTLA-4 extracellular domain, suggesting a very fast CTLA-4 RNA processing accompanied by prolonged CTLA-4 protein accumulation. We further demonstrated surface expression of CTLA-4 in a variety of acute and chronic myeloid leukemias (AMLs and CMLs) and B- and T-lymphoid leukemias, either adult or pediatric. CTLA-4 was expressed in 25% to 85% of AMLs and CMLs depending on the leukemia subtype and the epitope analyzed, whereas in acute B- and T-leukemias CTLA-4 expression was mainly cytoplasmic. Chronic B leukemias appeared to express CTLA-4, both on the surface and in cytoplasm, whereas few cases tested of chronic T leukemias were negative. Two anti-CTLA-4 immunotoxins (scFvs-saporin) induced in vitro apoptosis of neoplastic cells from a representative AML, suggesting a novel immunotherapeutic approach to AML based on CTLA-4 targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Pistillo
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, National Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Biotechnology Center, Genoa, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Palmisano GL, Pistillo MP, Fardin P, Capanni P, Nicolò G, Salvi S, Spina B, Pasciucco G, Ferrara GB. Analysis of HLA-G expression in breast cancer tissues. Hum Immunol 2002; 63:969-76. [PMID: 12392849 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(02)00642-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Among the different mechanisms by which cancer can elude the immune system, alterations in the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules on tumor cells may play a crucial role by impairing the HLA molecules interaction with T and natural killer (NK) cells specific receptors. More recently, aberrant expression of HLA-G has been described in different tumor tissues in addition to HLA class I downregulation. The HLA-G molecule is a nonclassical HLA class I antigen selectively expressed by trophoblast and thymic epithelial cells. Several studies reported that the HLA-G function might represent an additional mechanism of tumor immune escape, mainly inhibiting NK and cytotoxic T-cell activity. Here we report the analysis of HLA-G expression both at RNA level by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and at protein level by Western blot and immunohistochemistry in 25 breast cancer patient tissues. The aim of this study was to elucidate the HLA-G gene expression pattern in breast tumor tissues and correlate it with HLA class I alterations. Our results demonstrated that HLA-G molecules expression was never found even in a group of patients revealing HLA class I total loss, and that HLA-G is not expressed in breast cancer tissue with a low-tumor grade (G1-G2) and minimal stromal contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Lelio Palmisano
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, National Cancer Research Institute, Genova, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pistillo MP, Tazzari PL, Bonifazi F, Bandini G, Kato T, Matsui T, Nishioka K, Conte R, Ferrara GB. Detection of a novel specificity (CTLA-4) in ATG/TMG globulins and sera from ATG-treated leukemic patients. Transplantation 2002; 73:1295-302. [PMID: 11981425 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200204270-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T-cell costimulation has been shown to provide positive signals for T-cell activation and generation of effector activity. In this study, we analyzed the presence of antibodies (Abs) against the T-lymphocyte costimulatory molecules CD28, CTLA-4, CD80, and CD86 in anti-T-lymphocyte (ATG) and antithymocyte (TMG) globulin preparations to address their mechanism of action. We focused our attention on the role of CTLA-4-specific Abs in the immunosuppressive effect of ATG/TMG, because anti-CTLA-4 agonistic Abs may suppress T-cell proliferation and nonagonistic Abs may lead to T-cell depletion through an Ab-dependent cell cytotoxicity mechanism. METHODS ATG/TMG and patients' sera were tested for binding to recombinant human costimulatory molecules by ELISA techniques. CTLA-4 specificity was also analyzed by cytoplasmic immunofluorescence staining of a CTLA-4 transfectant by competitive inhibition immunofluorescence and by cell proliferation assay in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). RESULTS Either ATG or TMG predominantly contained anti-CTLA-4 Abs, with higher reactivity in ATG followed by anti-CD86 and -CD28 Abs, whereas anti-CD80 Abs were found only in ATG. Anti-CTLA-4 Abs present in ATG/TMG recognized the native form of CTLA-4 molecule, and their removal reduced the effect of ATG in an allogeneic MLR. Kinetic studies indicated that such Abs were present in the sera of 12 ATG-treated leukemic patients up to 21 days after ATG administration. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the novel anti-CTLA-4 Abs found in ATG may greatly contribute to its immunosuppressive effect, thus accounting for the absence of rejection and exceptionally low incidence of graft-versus-host disease in the group of patients analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Pistillo
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, National Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Biotechnology Center, Genova, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Cann HM, de Toma C, Cazes L, Legrand MF, Morel V, Piouffre L, Bodmer J, Bodmer WF, Bonne-Tamir B, Cambon-Thomsen A, Chen Z, Chu J, Carcassi C, Contu L, Du R, Excoffier L, Ferrara GB, Friedlaender JS, Groot H, Gurwitz D, Jenkins T, Herrera RJ, Huang X, Kidd J, Kidd KK, Langaney A, Lin AA, Mehdi SQ, Parham P, Piazza A, Pistillo MP, Qian Y, Shu Q, Xu J, Zhu S, Weber JL, Greely HT, Feldman MW, Thomas G, Dausset J, Cavalli-Sforza LL. A human genome diversity cell line panel. Science 2002; 296:261-2. [PMID: 11954565 DOI: 10.1126/science.296.5566.261b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 697] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
50
|
Tazzari PL, Polito L, Bolognesi A, Pistillo MP, Capanni P, Palmisano GL, Lemoli RM, Curti A, Biancone L, Camussi G, Conte R, Ferrara GB, Stirpe F. Immunotoxins containing recombinant anti-CTLA-4 single-chain fragment variable antibodies and saporin: in vitro results and in vivo effects in an acute rejection model. J Immunol 2001; 167:4222-9. [PMID: 11591743 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.8.4222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunotoxins containing recombinant human-derived single-chain fragment variable (scFv) reagents (83 and 40) against CTLA-4 (CD152) linked to saporin, a ribosome-inactivating protein, were prepared and tested on CD3/CD28-activated T lymphocytes, MLRs, CTLA-4-positive cell lines, and hemopoietic precursors. Immunotoxins induced apoptosis in activated T lymphocytes and were able to specifically inhibit MLR between T lymphocytes and dendritic cells. The 83-saporin immunotoxin also inhibited the T cell activation in an MLR between T lymphocytes and an EBV-positive lymphoblastoid B cell line. Toxicity tests on hemopoietic precursors showed little or no effects in inhibiting colonies' growth. As the 83 scFv Ab was reactive also with activated mouse T lymphocytes, 83-saporin was tested in a model of tumor rejection consisting of C57BL/6 mice bearing a murine H.end endothelioma cell line, derived from DBA/2 mice. The lymphoid infiltration due to the presence of the tumor was reduced to a high extent, demonstrating that the immunotoxin was actually available and active in vivo. Thus, taking the results altogether, this study might represent a new breakthrough for immunotherapy, showing the possibility of targeting CTLA-4 to kill activated T cells, using conjugates containing scFv Abs and type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P L Tazzari
- Service of Transfusion Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|