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Mizumachi H, Yoshida S, Tomokiyo A, Hasegawa D, Hamano S, Yuda A, Sugii H, Serita S, Mitarai H, Koori K, Wada N, Maeda H. Calcium-sensing receptor-ERK signaling promotes odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells. Bone 2017; 101:191-201. [PMID: 28506888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the G protein-coupled calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) has crucial roles in skeletal development and bone turnover. Our recent study has identified a role for activated CaSR in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. Furthermore, odontoblasts residing inside the tooth pulp chamber play a central role in dentin formation. However, it remains unclear how CaSR activation affects the odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). We have investigated the odontoblastic differentiation of HDPCs exposed to elevated levels of extracellular calcium (Ca) and strontium (Sr), and the contribution of CaSR and the L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel (L-VDCC) to this process. Immunochemical staining of rat dental pulp tissue demonstrated that CaSR was expressed at high levels in the odontoblastic layer, moderate levels in the sublayer, and low levels in the central pulp tissue. Although normal HDPCs expressed low levels of CaSR, stimulation with Ca or Sr promoted both CaSR expression and odontoblastic differentiation of HDPCs along with increased expression of odontoblastic makers. These effects were inhibited by treatment with a CaSR antagonist, whereas treatment with an L-VDCC inhibitor had no effect. Additionally, knockdown of CaSR with siRNA suppressed odontoblastic differentiation of Ca- and Sr-treated HDPCs. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was observed in Ca- and Sr-treated HDPCs, whereas CaSR antagonist treatment or CaSR knockdown blocked ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, inhibition of ERK1/2 suppressed mineralization of Ca- and Sr-treated HDPCs. These results suggest that elevated concentrations of extracellular Ca and Sr induce odontoblastic differentiation of HDPCs through CaSR activation and the ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mizumachi
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yoshida
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tomokiyo
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daigaku Hasegawa
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sayuri Hamano
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Asuka Yuda
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Sugii
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Suguru Serita
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Mitarai
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Koori
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naohisa Wada
- Division of General Dentistry, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Maeda
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Mitarai H, Wada N, Hasegawa D, Yoshida S, Sonoda M, Tomokiyo A, Hamano S, Serita S, Mizumachi H, Maeda H. Transgelin mediates transforming growth factor-β1-induced proliferation of human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2017; 52:984-993. [PMID: 28590058 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs) express transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) that regulates differentiation and proliferation, and plays key roles in homeostasis of PDL tissue. Transgelin is a cytoskeleton-associated protein with an Smad-binding element in its gene promoter region. In this study, we examined the localization and potential function of transgelin in PDL tissue and cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Microarray analysis of HPDLC lines (2-14, 2-23 and 2-52) was performed. Expression of transgelin in HPDLCs was examined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis. Effects of TGF-β1 and its signaling inhibitor, SB431542, on transgelin expression in HPDLCs were examined by western blot analysis. The effects of transgelin knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on HPDLC proliferation stimulated by TGF-β1 were assessed by WST-1 assay. RESULTS In microarray and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses, the expression levels of transgelin (TAGLN) in 2-14 and 2-23 cells, which highly expressed PDL markers such as periostin (POSTN), tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) and type I collagen A1 (COL1A1), was significantly higher than those in 2-52 cells that expressed PDL markers weakly. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining revealed expression of transgelin in rat PDL tissue and HPDLCs. In HPDLCs, TGF-β1 treatment upregulated transgelin expression, whereas inhibition of the type 1 TGF-β1 receptor by SB431542 suppressed this upregulation. Furthermore, TAGLN siRNA transfection did not promote the proliferation of HPDLCs treated with TGF-β1. The expression levels of CCNA2 and CCNE1, which regulate DNA synthesis and mitosis through the cell cycle, were also not upregulated in HPDLCs transfected with TAGLN siRNA. CONCLUSION Transgelin is expressed in PDL tissue and might have a role in HPDLC proliferation induced by TGF-β1 stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mitarai
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Wada
- Division of General Dentistry, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - D Hasegawa
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Yoshida
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Sonoda
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Tomokiyo
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Hamano
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Faculty of Dental Science, OBT Research Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Serita
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Mizumachi
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Maeda
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Serita S, Tomokiyo A, Hasegawa D, Hamano S, Sugii H, Yoshida S, Mizumachi H, Mitarai H, Monnouchi S, Wada N, Maeda H. Transforming growth factor-β-induced gene product-h3 inhibits odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp cells. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 78:135-143. [PMID: 28292713 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate transforming growth factor-β-induced gene product-h3 (βig-h3) expression in dental pulp tissue and its effects on odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp cells (DPCs). DESIGN A rat direct pulp capping model was prepared using perforated rat upper first molars capped with mineral trioxide aggregate cement. Human DPCs (HDPCs) were isolated from extracted teeth. βig-h3 expression in rat dental pulp tissue and HDPCs was assessed by immunostaining. Mineralization of HDPCs was assessed by Alizarin red-S staining. Odontoblast-related gene expression in HDPCs was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Expression of βig-h3 was detected in rat dental pulp tissue, and attenuated by direct pulp capping, while expression of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α was increased in exposed pulp tissue. βig-h3 expression was also detected in HDPCs, with reduced expression during odontoblastic differentiation. The above cytokines reduced βig-h3 expression in HDPCs, and promoted their mineralization. Recombinant βig-h3 inhibited the expression of odontoblast-related genes and mineralization of HDPCs, while knockdown of βig-h3 gene expression promoted the expression of odontoblast-related genes in HDPCs. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that βig-h3 in DPCs may be involved in reparative dentin formation and that its expression is likely to negatively regulate this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Serita
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tomokiyo
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daigaku Hasegawa
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sayuri Hamano
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideki Sugii
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yoshida
- Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizumachi
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiromi Mitarai
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Monnouchi
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Naohisa Wada
- Division of General Dentistry, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Maeda
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Division of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Monnouchi S, Maeda H, Yuda A, Serita S, Wada N, Tomokiyo A, Akamine A. Benzo[a]pyrene/aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling inhibits osteoblastic differentiation and collagen synthesis of human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2016; 51:779-788. [PMID: 26738610 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cigarette smoking has detrimental effects on periodontal tissue, and is known to be a risk factor for periodontal disease, including the loss of alveolar bone and ligament tissue. However, the direct effects of cigarette smoking on periodontal tissue remain unclear. Recently, we demonstrated that benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), which is a prototypic member of polycyclic aryl hydrocarbons and forms part of the content of cigarettes, attenuated the expression of extracellular matrix remodeling-related genes in human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells (HPDLCs). Thus, we aimed to examine the effects of BaP on the osteoblastic differentiation and collagen synthesis of HPDLCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS HPDLCs were obtained from healthy molars of three patients, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were performed for gene expression analyses of cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1, alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a receptor for polycyclic aryl hydrocarbons. We have also analyzed the role of the AhR, using 2-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (2-methyl-4-o-tolylazo-phenyl)-amide (CH-223191), which is an AhR antagonist. RESULTS The treatment of HPDLCs with BaP reduced mRNA expression of osteogenic genes, alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization and collagen synthesis. The treatment with CH-223191 subsequently restored the observed suppressive effects of BaP on HPDLCs. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that BaP exerts inhibitory effects on the maintenance of homeostasis in HPDL tissue, such as osteoblastic differentiation and collagen synthesis of HPDLCs, and that this signaling pathway could be suppressed by preventing the transactivity of AhR. Future studies may unveil a role for the inhibition of AhR as a promising therapeutic agent for periodontal disease caused by cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Monnouchi
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Maeda
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Yuda
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Serita
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Wada
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Tomokiyo
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Akamine
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Monnouchi S, Maeda H, Yuda A, Hamano S, Wada N, Tomokiyo A, Koori K, Sugii H, Serita S, Akamine A. Mechanical induction of interleukin-11 regulates osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem/progenitor cells. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:231-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Monnouchi
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation; Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Science; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - H. Maeda
- Department of Endodontology; Kyushu University Hospital; Fukuoka Japan
| | - A. Yuda
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation; Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Science; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - S. Hamano
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation; Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Science; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - N. Wada
- Department of Endodontology; Kyushu University Hospital; Fukuoka Japan
| | - A. Tomokiyo
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation; Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Science; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - K. Koori
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation; Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Science; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - H. Sugii
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation; Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Science; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - S. Serita
- Department of Endodontology; Kyushu University Hospital; Fukuoka Japan
| | - A. Akamine
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation; Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Science; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
- Department of Endodontology; Kyushu University Hospital; Fukuoka Japan
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