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Kim DK, Lee CY, Han YJ, Park SY, Han H, Na K, Kim MH, Yang SM, Baek S, Kim Y, Hwang JY, Lee S, Kang SS, Hong MH, Lim SM, Lee JB, Kim JH, Cho BC, Pyo KH. Exploring aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression and distribution in the tumor microenvironment, with a focus on immune cells, in various solid cancer types. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1330228. [PMID: 38680496 PMCID: PMC11045933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor that performs various functions upon ligand activation. Several studies have explored the role of AhR expression in tumor progression and immune surveillance. Nevertheless, investigations on the distribution of AhR expression, specifically in cancer or immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), remain limited. Examining the AhR expression and distribution in the TME is crucial for gaining insights into the mechanism of action of AhR-targeting anticancer agents and their potential as biomarkers. Methods Here, we used multiplexed immunohistochemistry (mIHC) and image cytometry to investigate the AhR expression and distribution in 513 patient samples, of which 292 are patients with one of five solid cancer types. Additionally, we analyzed the nuclear and cytosolic distribution of AhR expression. Results Our findings reveal that AhR expression was primarily localized in cancer cells, followed by stromal T cells and macrophages. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between the nuclear and cytosolic expression of AhR, indicating that the expression of AhR as a biomarker is independent of its localization. Interestingly, the expression patterns of AhR were categorized into three clusters based on the cancer type, with high AhR expression levels being found in regulatory T cells (Tregs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Discussion These findings are anticipated to serve as pivotal evidence for the design of clinical trials and the analysis of the anticancer mechanisms of AhR-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kwon Kim
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chai Young Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyun Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngtaek Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yeon Hwang
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-san Kang
- Jeuk Institute for Cancer Research, Jeuk Co. Ltd., Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Na K, Lee S, Kim DK, Kim YS, Hwang JY, Kang SS, Baek S, Lee CY, Yang SM, Han YJ, Kim MH, Han H, Kim Y, Kim JH, Jeon S, Byeon Y, Lee JB, Lim SM, Hong MH, Pyo KH, Cho BC. CD81 and CD82 expressing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the NSCLC tumor microenvironment play a crucial role in T-cell activation and cytokine production. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1336246. [PMID: 38515751 PMCID: PMC10954780 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1336246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction To understand the immune system within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), it is crucial to elucidate the characteristics of molecules associated with T cell activation. Methods We conducted an in-depth analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing data obtained from tissue samples of 19 NSCLC patients. T cells were classified based on the Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) within the tumor region, and molecular markers associated with activation and exhaustion were analyzed in T cells from high TPS areas. Results Notably, tetraspanins CD81 and CD82, belonging to the tetraspanin protein family, were found to be expressed in activated T cells, particularly in cytotoxic T cells. These tetraspanins showed strong correlations with activation and exhaustion markers. In vitro experiments confirmed increased expression of CD81 and CD82 in IL-2-stimulated T cells. T cells were categorized into CD81highCD82high and CD81lowCD82low groups based on their expression levels, with CD81highCD82high T cells exhibiting elevated activation markers such as CD25 and CD69 compared to CD81lowCD82low T cells. This trend was consistent across CD3+, CD8+, and CD4+ T cell subsets. Moreover, CD81highCD82high T cells, when stimulated with anti-CD3, demonstrated enhanced secretion of cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2, along with an increase in the proportion of memory T cells. Bulk RNA sequencing results after sorting CD81highCD82high and CD81lowCD82low T cells consistently supported the roles of CD81 and CD82. Experiments with overexpressed CD81 and CD82 showed increased cytotoxicity against target cells. Discussion These findings highlight the multifaceted roles of CD81 and CD82 in T cell activation, cytokine production, memory subset accumulation, and target cell cytolysis. Therefore, these findings suggest the potential of CD81 and CD82 as promising candidates for co-stimulatory molecules in immune therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment within the intricate TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangmin Na
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kwon Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yeon Hwang
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-San Kang
- JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd., Gumi-City, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chai Young Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyun Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngtaek Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Jeon
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim Y, Hwang JY, Kim DK, Na K, Lee S, Baek S, Kang SS, Yang SM, Kim MH, Han H, Lee CY, Han YJ, Hong MH, Lee JB, Lim SM, Cho BC, Park Y, Pyo KH. Polo-like Kinase 4: A Multifaceted Marker Linking Tumor Aggressiveness and Unfavorable Prognosis, and Insights into Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4663. [PMID: 37760631 PMCID: PMC10526937 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This study investigated whether polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) is a suitable therapeutic target or biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). (2) Methods: We acquired LUAD data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database through the UCSC Xena data portal. Gene expression, clinical, survival, and mutation data from multiple samples were analyzed. Gene enrichment analysis, unsupervised clustering of PLK4-related pathways, and differential gene expression analyses were performed. Additionally, correlations, t-tests, survival analyses, and statistical analyses were performed. (3) Results: PLK4 expression was higher in LUAD tissues than in normal tissues and was associated with poor prognosis for both overall and progression-free survival in LUAD. PLK4 was highly correlated with cell-proliferation-related pathways using Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms. PLK4 expression and pathways that were highly correlated with PLK4 expression levels were upregulated in patients with LUAD with the TP53 mutation. (4) Conclusions: PLK4 expression affects the survival of patients with LUAD and is a potential therapeutic target for LUAD with TP53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngtaek Kim
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
| | - Joon Yeon Hwang
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
| | - Dong Kwon Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institutse, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (D.K.K.); (S.L.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
| | - Seul Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institutse, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (D.K.K.); (S.L.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
| | - Seong-san Kang
- JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd., Gumi 39418, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seung Min Yang
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
| | - Mi Hyun Kim
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
| | - Heekyung Han
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
| | - Chai Young Lee
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
| | - Yu Jin Han
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
| | - Min Hee Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (M.H.H.); (J.B.L.); (S.M.L.); (B.C.C.)
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (M.H.H.); (J.B.L.); (S.M.L.); (B.C.C.)
| | - Sun Min Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (M.H.H.); (J.B.L.); (S.M.L.); (B.C.C.)
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (M.H.H.); (J.B.L.); (S.M.L.); (B.C.C.)
- Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoon Park
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (J.Y.H.); (K.N.); (S.B.); (S.M.Y.); (M.H.K.); (H.H.); (C.Y.L.); (Y.J.H.)
- Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institutse, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (D.K.K.); (S.L.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea; (M.H.H.); (J.B.L.); (S.M.L.); (B.C.C.)
- Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Lee Y, Baek S, Kim DK, Lee Y, Kim D, Jo S, Lim SK, Shin YS, Kwon S, Yang SM, Kim YT, Kang SS, Synn CB, Na K, Kim MH, Han H, Han YJ, Lee S, Kim JH, Yun MR, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Lee JY, Lee JB, Kim CG, Hong MH, Lim SM, Pyo KH, Cho BC, Yoon T. Abstract 3234: OCT-598, a novel EP2/EP4 dual antagonist, promotes anti-tumor immune responses in syngeneic mouse tumor models in combination with standard-of-care chemo- and immunotherapies. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is widely recognized as one of the major bioactive lipids that, with the striking regenerative potential, promote drug-resistance in cancer cells as well as immune evasion in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Primarily driven by apoptotic cell death, PGE2 is thought to elicit wound-healing responses to help provide an immunosuppressive and proliferative niche that supports cancer stem cell repopulation and thereby therapy-resistance. While COX1/2 inhibitors that attenuate PGE2 production have shown promising anti-cancer effects in various (pre-)clinical settings, the gastrointestinal- and cardiotoxicities precluded their development as anti-cancer agents. It is anticipated that specific targeting of PGE2 signaling via its cognate receptors constitutes a safer and potentially more effective approach. Of the receptor subtypes EP1-4, Gα,s-coupled EP2 and EP4 are believed to be directly involved in immunosuppressive effects of PGE2.OCT-598 is a novel, highly potent and selective EP2/EP4 dual antagonist with Ki values of 23 nM and 0.2 nM vs EP2 and EP4, respectively. PGE2 inhibited normal differentiation of human monocytes into CD1a+CD16- dendritic cells under the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 and promoted differentiation towards CD1a-CD16+ macrophages in vitro. However, EP2/EP4 dual inhibition by OCT-598 reversed this phenomenon to a greater extent than either EP2- or EP4-specific inhibitor alone. In vivo, OCT-598 effected tumor growth inhibition in multiple syngeneic mouse models as a single agent as well as in combination with an immune checkpoint blocker (ICB). Furthermore, the addition of OCT-598 to the lung cancer standard-of-care regimen (anti-PD-1 plus chemotherapy) in TC-1 mouse lung adenocarcinoma model gave rise to complete tumor regression. In conclusion, dual blockade of EP2 and EP4 by OCT-598 is shown to be a compelling strategy to reinforce antitumor effects by thwarting PGE2-mediated therapy resistance and immune evasion.Findings from this study provide a rationale for clinical development of OCT-598 as a therapeutic option for human malignant cancers.
Citation Format: Youngrae Lee, Sujeong Baek, Dong Kwon Kim, Yeri Lee, Donggeon Kim, Seongin Jo, Sang Kyun Lim, Young Sook Shin, Soonsang Kwon, Seung Min Yang, Young Taek Kim, Seong-San Kang, Chun-Bong Synn, Kwangmin Na, Mi Hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Yu Jin Han, Sungwoo Lee, Jae Hwan Kim, Mi Ran Yun, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Ji Yun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Byoung Chul Cho, Taeyoung Yoon. OCT-598, a novel EP2/EP4 dual antagonist, promotes anti-tumor immune responses in syngeneic mouse tumor models in combination with standard-of-care chemo- and immunotherapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3234.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sujeong Baek
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kwon Kim
- 3Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeri Lee
- 4KANAPH Therapeutics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggeon Kim
- 4KANAPH Therapeutics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongin Jo
- 4KANAPH Therapeutics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Seung Min Yang
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-San Kang
- 5JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- 3Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyun Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- 5JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Yun
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lim SM, Synn CB, Kang SS, Kim D, Lee SH, Baek S, Yang SM, Han YJ, Kim MH, Han H, Na K, Kim YT, Lee S, Yun MR, Kim JH, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Lee JB, Lee JY, Kim CG, Hong MH, Pyo KH, Curtin J, Patel B, Bergiers I. Abstract 5865: Combinatorial activity of amivantamab and pembrolizumab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma expressing wild-type EGFR and MET. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Unmet needs exist for immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) due to its suboptimal response. Amivantamab, a bispecific antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-Met, has been demonstrated to induce antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and trogocytosis in tumor cells. We hypothesized that combination of amivantamab with pembrolizumab may synergistically enhance antitumor immunity. In this study, we present comprehensive immunomodulatory and synergistic antitumor efficacy of amivantamab and pembrolizumab in humanized HNSCC and LUSC mice models.
Methods: EGFR and MET-expressing tumors from a HNSCC and a LUSC patient were transplanted into Hu-CD34-NSG to establish humanized patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Tumor-bearing PDXs were treated with vehicle, pembrolizumab (10mpk, Q5D, n=10), amivantamab (10mpk, BIW, n=10), or a combination of pembrolizumab and amivantamab (n=10). Analysis of immune modulatory responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME) using multiplexed IHC, flow cytometry, and single cell RNA sequencing was performed.
Results: Combination of amivantamab and pembrolizumab showed a significant reduction of tumor volume (p<0.001) compared to vehicle or single treatment in both models. Additionally, significantly longer survival was observed for combination treated compared to the vehicle treated groups (p<0.0001). Multispectral imaging of tumor indicated that granzyme B-producing CD8+ T cells were significantly increased within the tumor in the combination group (p<0.01). Further analysis of T cell subsets suggested that central memory type CD8+ T cells were increased upon combination treatment. This group also demonstrated significantly higher CEA-tetramer positive CD8+ T cells in the tumor (p<0.01), suggesting that cytotoxic T cells recognizing tumor specific antigens enhanced antitumor immune response. Single cell RNA sequencing analysis of HNSCC showed that an EGFRhighMEThigh cluster was enriched in the TME after pembrolizumab treatment. This subcluster had elevated glycolysis and lactic acid pathway-related genes compared to EGFRlowMETlow cluster. Lactate transporter, MCT4 (SLC16A3) and LDHA genes were dramatically increased in the EGFRhighMEThigh cluster. Elevated lactic acid pathway may lead to immune evasion in the tumor, dampening the activity of pembrolizumab. Interestingly, combination treatment with amivantamab could reduce EGFRhighMEThigh cluster, and could effectively control tumor via creating favorable immune TME.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated combinatorial benefits of amivantamab and pembrolizumab by effectively remodeling TME, providing a preclinical rationale to clinically combine amivantamab and PD-1 blockade treatments.
Citation Format: Sun Min Lim, Chun-Bong Synn, Seong-san Kang, DongKwon Kim, Soo-Hwan Lee, Sujeong Baek, Seung Min Yang, Yu Jin Han, Mi hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Kwangmin Na, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Mi Ran Yun, Jae Hwan Kim, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Jii Bum Lee, Ji Yun Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Joshua Curtin, Bharvin Patel, Isabelle Bergiers. Combinatorial activity of amivantamab and pembrolizumab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma expressing wild-type EGFR and MET [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5865.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Min Lim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-san Kang
- 2JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - DongKwon Kim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hwan Lee
- 2JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- 3Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- 3Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi hyun Kim
- 3Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Kim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- 2JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Yun
- 4Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- 1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- 5Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- 5Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- 5Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- 5Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- 4Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee S, Kim JH, Na K, Yang SM, Kim DK, Baek S, Kang SS, Han YJ, Synn CB, Kim MH, Han H, Kim YT, Lee S, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Lee JY, Lee JB, Kim CG, Hong MH, Lim SM, Pyo KH, Cho BC. Abstract 6780: Characterization of immunological heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment by integrated analyses using single cell RNAseq, spatial RNAseq and multiplex IHC. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-6780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Heterogeneity in resistant to immunotherapies of tumor microenvironment (TME) has been implicated in immunotherapies to cause immune evasion or drug resistance. This study was conducted to explore the heterogeneity of TME through multiplex IHC, spatial and RNA sequencing analysis. We selected a sample from a lung adenocarcinoma patient without EGFR-activating mutation and expressing 30% of PD-L1. For quantitative analysis by multiplex IHC, various markers including CD4, CD8, FoxP3, granzyme B, CD20 and pan-cytokeratin were stained with 7 different fluorescence dyes, which was imaged with Vectra Polaris (Akoya). For scRNAseq and spatial RNAseq, we used 5’ chromium library kit (10X Genomics) to make library construction. Integrated raw data was generated using Cell ranger, Seurat pipeline and Azimuth package. The tumor area was divided into 16 clusters in which we selected 2 clusters based on CD3/45 expression. There was a noticeable distinction between the two clusters which were defined as the ‘High’ region (CD45highCD3high cluster) and the ‘Low’ region (CD45lowCD3low cluster). By multiplex IHC, percentage of CD8+T cells was higher in the ‘High’ region than in the ‘Low’ region (8.5% vs. 0.8%, respectively). Subsequent analysis of two clusters using spatial and single cell RNA seq, the ‘Low’ region was characterized by increased hypoxia-associated gene expressions including HIF1A, HIF3A and VEGFA. Various immune cells were abundant in the ‘High’ region and CD45 expression level was 11-fold higher in the ‘High’ region compared to the ‘Low’ region. Cytokine/chemokine network analysis via spatial RNAseq revealed that gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family-associated factors increased in the 'High' region compared to the ‘Low’ region (TNF, FAS, TRAIL, RANKL and CD40), which is well-known to promotes apoptosis, programmed cell death, or necrosis of certain cancer. Additionally, the ‘High’ region also had elevated levels of the PD-1/PD-L1, CD155, CD122/TIGIT, Siglec10/CD24, LAG3/LAGLS3, and CD47/CD172a axes, suggesting active immune responses. Intriguingly, combined analyses showed that ‘High’ region showed enhanced level of CD44 expression as the leading-edged gene, which suggests the metastatic potential of tumor cells. Furthermore, scRNA analysis confirmed that CD44 expression was mainly higher in macrophages, suggesting that tumor-associated macrophages partially affected tumor cell metastasis in the ‘High’ region. Our finding suggests that understanding the intratumoral immunological heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma can help to study the mechanism of tumor heterogeneity by integrated spatial RNAseq and scRNAseq analyses. This type of technique could be applied to understand complex networks of anti-tumor immune activities, drug resistance mechanisms and immunotherapeutic response of cancer.
Citation Format: Seul Lee, Jae-Hwan Kim, Kwangmin Na, Seung Min Yang, Dong Kwon Kim, Sujeong Baek, Seong-san Kang, Yu Jin Han, Chun-Bong Synn, Mi hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Ji Yun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Byoung Chul Cho. Characterization of immunological heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment by integrated analyses using single cell RNAseq, spatial RNAseq and multiplex IHC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6780.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Lee
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kwon Kim
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- 3Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-san Kang
- 4JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd, Gumi-city, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi hyun Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- 4JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd, Gumi-city, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- 5Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim D, Baek S, Yang SM, Han YJ, Kang SS, Synn CB, Kim MH, Han H, Na K, Kim YT, Lee S, Han T, Doh H, Cho J, Kim D, Cha D, Kim JH, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Yun MR, Lee JY, Lee JB, Kim CG, Hong MH, Lim SM, Cho BC, Pyo KH. Abstract 5107: A novel AhR inhibitor ‘DA-4505’ improved the anti-cancer efficacy of surgical and chemotherapy via synergistic anti-tumor effects of aPD-1. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is one of the most predominant regulators of cancer metabolism. The AhR exerts important immunosuppressive functions by activating Treg cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells and repressing CD8+ effector T cells. Here, we propose that a best-in-class AhR inhibitor, DA-4505, improves anti-tumor efficacy via modulation of tumor immune surveillance compared to BAY2416964, an AHR antagonist drug candidate being studied in the clinical phase.
Methods: To evaluate anti-tumor effects of DA-4505 and BAY2416964, the two AhR inhibitors were dosed at 10 mg/kg once daily alone or in combination with aPD-1 (10 mg/kg) in surgical and chemotherapy models, and a PDX model (YHIM2004). Tumor volume, relapse, and survival were evaluated, and immune profiles were analyzed with IHC, flow cytometry, and scRNAseq.
Results: A significant tumor reduction appeared in the CT26 and 4T1 tumor models after the DA-4505 treatment compared to vehicle group (P<0.05). In contrast, DA-4505 treatment did not induce significant tumor regression compared to vehicle group in tumor-bearing NOG mice, suggesting that anti-tumor effects of DA-4505 were driven by immunologic mechanisms. To evaluate the role of DA-4505 in conjunction with surgery, DA-4505 alone or in combination with anti-PD-1 was given prior to and following resection of the tumors in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Survival of mice treated with DA-4505 alone or DA-4505 combined with anti-PD-1 was significantly prolonged after resection compared to aPD-1 treatment group (P<0.05). In addition, there were four mice that did not have a relapse by treating DA-4505 with or without aPD-1 after surgery (4/5). A tumor regression also appeared in the YHIM2004-engrafted humanized mouse study. A tumor reduction was shown by treating DA-4505 alone or in combination with pembrolizumab compared to vehicle group (P<0.05). Next, we co-administered an AhR inhibitor and aPD-1 as a partner to improve the antitumor effects of chemotherapy. The DA-4505 add-on group showed tumor regression when compared with the combination therapy group treated with aPD-1 and chemotherapy (P<0.0001). In addition, a significant increase in survival rate was shown in the group treated with a DA-4505 add-on compared to vehicle group (P<0.001). Analysis of scRNAseq showed that M1 macrophage expressing CCL7 and CCL8 were increased in DA-4505 treated group compared to the vehicle and aPD-1 groups. This suggests that immune modulatory effect of DA-4505 may be due to enhanced recruitment of immune cells into the tumor site by macrophages with high chemotactic activity.
Conclusion: The AhR inhibitor DA-4505 demonstrated an improvement in anti-tumor efficacy. In addition, it has shown a synergistic effect when combined with aPD-1. Discoveries from this study provide a preclinical rationale for future clinical implications in solid tumor.
Citation Format: DongKwon Kim, Sujeong Baek, Seung Min Yang, Yu Jin Han, Seong-san Kang, Chun-Bong Synn, Mi Hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Kwangmin Na, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Taedong Han, Hyounmie Doh, Jongho Cho, Dajeong Kim, Daewon Cha, Jae Hwan Kim, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Mi Ran Yun, Ji Yun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Byoung Chul Cho, Kyoung-Ho Pyo. A novel AhR inhibitor ‘DA-4505’ improved the anti-cancer efficacy of surgical and chemotherapy via synergistic anti-tumor effects of aPD-1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5107.
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Affiliation(s)
- DongKwon Kim
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicinei University Inst. for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-san Kang
- 3JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- 1Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicinei University Inst. for Cancer Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyun Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heekyung Han
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Taek Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- 3JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Taedong Han
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyounmie Doh
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongho Cho
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajeong Kim
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Cha
- 4Dong-A ST Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- 2Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Yun
- 5Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- 6Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- 5Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Koo K, Wong V, Halawani A, Lee S, Baek S, Kang H, Chew B. Machine learning-based decision support system to distinguish uric acid stones in patients with kidney stones of grey zone Hounsfield units: International multicenter development and external validation study. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Kim DK, Synn CB, Yang SM, Kang S, Baek S, Oh SW, Lee GJ, Kang HW, Lee YS, Park JS, Kim JH, Byeon Y, Kim YS, Lee DJ, Kim HW, Park JD, Lee SS, Lee JY, Lee JB, Kim CG, Hong MH, Lim SM, Kim HR, Pyo KH, Cho BC. YH29407 with anti-PD-1 ameliorates anti-tumor effects via increased T cell functionality and antigen presenting machinery in the tumor microenvironment. Front Chem 2022; 10:998013. [PMID: 36545214 PMCID: PMC9761775 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.998013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Among cancer cells, indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase1 (IDO1) activity has been implicated in improving the proliferation and growth of cancer cells and suppressing immune cell activity. IDO1 is also responsible for the catabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine. Depletion of tryptophan and an increase in kynurenine exert important immunosuppressive functions by activating regulatory T cells and suppressing CD8+ T and natural killer (NK) cells. In this study, we compared the anti-tumor effects of YH29407, the best-in-class IDO1 inhibitor with improved pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, with first and second-generation IDO1 inhibitors (epacadostat and BMS-986205, respectively). YH29407 treatment alone and anti-PD-1 (aPD-1) combination treatment induced significant tumor suppression compared with competing drugs. In particular, combination treatment showed the best anti-tumor effects, with most tumors reduced and complete responses. Our observations suggest that improved anti-tumor effects were caused by an increase in T cell infiltration and activity after YH29407 treatment. Notably, an immune depletion assay confirmed that YH29407 is closely related to CD8+ T cells. RNA-seq results showed that treatment with YH29407 increased the expression of genes involved in T cell function and antigen presentation in tumors expressing ZAP70, LCK, NFATC2, B2M, and MYD88 genes. Our results suggest that an IDO1 inhibitor, YH29407, has enhanced PK/PD compared to previous IDO1 inhibitors by causing a change in the population of CD8+ T cells including infiltrating T cells into the tumor. Ultimately, YH29407 overcame the limitations of the competing drugs and displayed potential as an immunotherapy strategy in combination with aPD-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kwon Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chun-Bong Synn
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Min Yang
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongsan Kang
- JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd., Gumi, South Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- Department of Research Support, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Woong Oh
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyu-Jin Lee
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho-Woong Kang
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Sung Lee
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Suk Park
- Yuhan R&D Institute, Yuhan Corporation, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngseon Byeon
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Seob Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Doo Jae Lee
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - June Dong Park
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea,Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Sook Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Min Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hey Ryun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Byoung Chul Cho, ; Kyoung-Ho Pyo,
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Yonsei New Il Han Institute for Integrative Lung Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Byoung Chul Cho, ; Kyoung-Ho Pyo,
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Yeo I, Baek S, Kim J, Elshakh H, Voronina A, Lou MS, Vapnik J, Kaler R, Dai X, Goldbarg S. Assessment of thirty-day readmission rate, timing, causes and predictors after hospitalization with COVID-19. J Intern Med 2021; 290:157-165. [PMID: 33452824 PMCID: PMC8013754 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited data on the characteristics of 30-day readmission after hospitalization with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). OBJECTIVES To examine the rate, timing, causes, predictors and outcomes of 30-day readmission after COVID-19 hospitalization. METHODS From 13 March to 9 April 2020, all patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and discharged alive were included in this retrospective observational study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of 30-day readmission, and a restricted cubic spline function was utilized to assess the linearity of the association between continuous predictors and 30-day readmission. RESULTS A total of 1062 patients were included in the analysis, with a median follow-up time of 62 days. The mean age of patients was 56.5 years, and 40.5% were women. At the end of the study, a total of 48 (4.5%) patients were readmitted within 30 days of discharge, and a median time to readmission was 5 days. The most common primary diagnosis of 30-day readmission was a hypoxic respiratory failure (68.8%) followed by thromboembolism (12.5%) and sepsis (6.3%). The patients with a peak serum creatinine level of ≥1.29 mg/dL during the index hospitalization, compared to those with a creatinine of <1.29 mg/dL, had 2.4 times increased risk of 30-day readmission (adjusted odds ratio: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.23-4.74). The mortality rate during the readmission was 22.9%. CONCLUSION With 4.5% of the thirty-day readmission rate, COVID-19 survivors were readmitted early after hospital discharge, mainly due to morbidities of COVID-19. One in five readmitted COVID-19 survivors died during their readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yeo
- From the, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Baek
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - J Kim
- From the, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - H Elshakh
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - A Voronina
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - M S Lou
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - J Vapnik
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - R Kaler
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - X Dai
- From the, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - S Goldbarg
- From the, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
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11
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Namgung K, Yoon H, Baek S, Kim DY. Estimating System State through Similarity Analysis of Signal Patterns. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20236839. [PMID: 33265918 PMCID: PMC7731382 DOI: 10.3390/s20236839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
State prediction is not straightforward, particularly for complex systems that cannot provide sufficient amounts of training data. In particular, it is usually difficult to analyze some signal patterns for state prediction if they were observed in both normal and fault-states with a similar frequency or if they were rarely observed in any system state. In order to estimate the system status with imbalanced state data characterized insufficient fault occurrences, this paper proposes a state prediction method that employs discrete state vectors (DSVs) for pattern extraction and then applies a naïve Bayes classifier and Brier scores to interpolate untrained pattern information by using the trained ones probabilistically. Each Brier score is transformed into a more intuitive one, termed state prediction power (SPP). The SPP values represent the reliability of the system state prediction. A state prediction power map, which visualizes the DSVs and corresponding SPP values, is provided a more intuitive way of state prediction analysis. A case study using a car engine fault simulator was conducted to generate artificial engine knocking. The proposed method was evaluated using holdout cross-validation, defining specificity and sensitivity as indicators to represent state prediction success rates for no-fault and fault states, respectively. The results show that specificity and sensitivity are very high (equal to 1) for high limit values of SPP, but drop off dramatically for lower limit values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kichang Namgung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Hyunsik Yoon
- Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- Department of Industrial Management Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea
| | - Duck Young Kim
- Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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Varticovski L, Kim S, Baek S, Prokunina L, Hager G. Global chromatin landscape identifies bladder cancer metastatic progression. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)31148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Jung JH, Barbosa AD, Hutin S, Kumita JR, Gao M, Derwort D, Silva CS, Lai X, Pierre E, Geng F, Kim SB, Baek S, Zubieta C, Jaeger KE, Wigge PA. A prion-like domain in ELF3 functions as a thermosensor in Arabidopsis. Nature 2020. [PMID: 32848244 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Temperature controls plant growth and development, and climate change has already altered the phenology of wild plants and crops1. However, the mechanisms by which plants sense temperature are not well understood. The evening complex is a major signalling hub and a core component of the plant circadian clock2,3. The evening complex acts as a temperature-responsive transcriptional repressor, providing rhythmicity and temperature responsiveness to growth through unknown mechanisms2,4-6. The evening complex consists of EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3)4,7, a large scaffold protein and key component of temperature sensing; ELF4, a small α-helical protein; and LUX ARRYTHMO (LUX), a DNA-binding protein required to recruit the evening complex to transcriptional targets. ELF3 contains a polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat8-10, embedded within a predicted prion domain (PrD). Here we find that the length of the polyQ repeat correlates with thermal responsiveness. We show that ELF3 proteins in plants from hotter climates, with no detectable PrD, are active at high temperatures, and lack thermal responsiveness. The temperature sensitivity of ELF3 is also modulated by the levels of ELF4, indicating that ELF4 can stabilize the function of ELF3. In both Arabidopsis and a heterologous system, ELF3 fused with green fluorescent protein forms speckles within minutes in response to higher temperatures, in a PrD-dependent manner. A purified fragment encompassing the ELF3 PrD reversibly forms liquid droplets in response to increasing temperatures in vitro, indicating that these properties reflect a direct biophysical response conferred by the PrD. The ability of temperature to rapidly shift ELF3 between active and inactive states via phase transition represents a previously unknown thermosensory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hoon Jung
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | - Stephanie Hutin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire and Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS/CEA/INRAE, Grenoble, France
| | - Janet R Kumita
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mingjun Gao
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Catarina S Silva
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire and Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS/CEA/INRAE, Grenoble, France
| | - Xuelei Lai
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire and Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS/CEA/INRAE, Grenoble, France
| | - Elodie Pierre
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire and Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS/CEA/INRAE, Grenoble, France
| | - Feng Geng
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sol-Bi Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Chloe Zubieta
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire and Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS/CEA/INRAE, Grenoble, France
| | - Katja E Jaeger
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Philip A Wigge
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Großbeeren, Germany.
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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Jung JH, Barbosa AD, Hutin S, Kumita JR, Gao M, Derwort D, Silva CS, Lai X, Pierre E, Geng F, Kim SB, Baek S, Zubieta C, Jaeger KE, Wigge PA. A prion-like domain in ELF3 functions as a thermosensor in Arabidopsis. Nature 2020; 585:256-260. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Jang M, Baek S, Kang G, Yang H, Kim S, Jung H. Dissolving microneedle with high molecular weight hyaluronic acid to improve skin wrinkles, dermal density and elasticity. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 42:302-309. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Jang
- Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemun‐gu Seoul 03722Korea
- Juvic Inc 272 Digital‐ro, Guro‐gu Seoul 08389Korea
| | - S. Baek
- Juvic Inc 272 Digital‐ro, Guro‐gu Seoul 08389Korea
| | - G. Kang
- Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemun‐gu Seoul 03722Korea
- Juvic Inc 272 Digital‐ro, Guro‐gu Seoul 08389Korea
| | - H. Yang
- Juvic Inc 272 Digital‐ro, Guro‐gu Seoul 08389Korea
| | - S. Kim
- Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemun‐gu Seoul 03722Korea
| | - H. Jung
- Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemun‐gu Seoul 03722Korea
- Juvic Inc 272 Digital‐ro, Guro‐gu Seoul 08389Korea
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Han K, Man Deuk K, Joon Ho K, Shin J, Won J, Kim G, Baek S, Lee J. 3:45 PM Abstract No. 170 Randomized controlled trial comparing therapeutic effect, pain, and inflammatory response after uterine artery embolization for symptomatic fibroids using nonspherical polyvinyl alcohol or tris-acryl gelatin microsphere. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Kim G, Baek S, Park H, Ryu Y, Kang E. Association with elevated level of inflammatory biomarkers and attention deficit in Korean farmers. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Baek S, Hecht S, Germeyer A. Teratom am Omentum – ein Zufallsbefund. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10304-019-00286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Baek S, Park S, Kim C. Bltr1 In Monocytes Mediates Monocyte-To-Macrophage Differentiation Leading To Vascular Inflammation In The Injured Vasculatures. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Choi J, Baek S, Jang E, Park S, Kim C. Hmgb1 Increases 5-Lo-Derived Ltb4 Production Leading To An Increased Mcp-1 Expression In Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Han K, Kim M, Lee D, Won J, Kim G, Kwon J, Han S, Kim D, Kim H, Baek S, Lee J. 03:09 PM Abstract No. 412 Safety of co-placement of ventriculoperitoneal shunt and percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Kwon J, Han K, Lee J, Won J, Kim M, Kim G, Lee D, Han S, Baek S. Abstract No. 510 Safety and efficacy of percutaneous cryoablation for small hepatocellular carcinomas adjacent to the heart. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Baek S, Daitch A, Pinheiro-Chagas P, Parvizi J. Neuronal Population Responses in the Human Ventral Temporal and Lateral Parietal Cortex during Arithmetic Processing with Digits and Number Words. J Cogn Neurosci 2018; 30:1315-1322. [PMID: 29916786 PMCID: PMC6178219 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Past research has identified anatomically specific sites within the posterior inferior temporal gyrus (PITG) and the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) areas that are engaged during arithmetic processing. Although a small region of the PITG (known as the number form area) is selectively engaged in the processing of numerals, its surrounding area is activated during both digit and number word processing. In eight participants with intracranial electrodes, we compared the timing and selectivity of electrophysiological responses in the number form area-surround and IPS regions during arithmetic processing with digits and number words. Our recordings revealed stronger electrophysiological responses in the high-frequency broadband range in both regions to digits than number words, with the difference that number words elicited delayed activity in the IPS but not PITG. Our findings of distinct profiles of responses in the PITG and the IPS to digits compared with number words provide novel information that is relevant to existing theoretical models of mathematical cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Baek
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, Stanford Human Intracranial Electrophysiology Program (SHICEP), Stanford University Medical Center, 300 Pasteur drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - A.L. Daitch
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, Stanford Human Intracranial Electrophysiology Program (SHICEP), Stanford University Medical Center, 300 Pasteur drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - P. Pinheiro-Chagas
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA DSV/I2BM, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France)
| | - J. Parvizi
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, Stanford Human Intracranial Electrophysiology Program (SHICEP), Stanford University Medical Center, 300 Pasteur drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
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Baek W, Baek S, Kim DY. Characterization of System Status Signals for Multivariate Time Series Discretization Based on Frequency and Amplitude Variation. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:s18010154. [PMID: 29316731 PMCID: PMC5795535 DOI: 10.3390/s18010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many fault detection methods have been proposed for monitoring the health of various industrial systems. Characterizing the monitored signals is a prerequisite for selecting an appropriate detection method. However, fault detection methods tend to be decided with user’s subjective knowledge or their familiarity with the method, rather than following a predefined selection rule. This study investigates the performance sensitivity of two detection methods, with respect to status signal characteristics of given systems: abrupt variance, characteristic indicator, discernable frequency, and discernable index. Relation between key characteristics indicators from four different real-world systems and the performance of two fault detection methods using pattern recognition are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woonsang Baek
- Department of System Design and Control Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Korea.
| | - Sujeong Baek
- Department of System Design and Control Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Korea.
| | - Duck Young Kim
- Department of System Design and Control Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Korea.
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Jeong J, Sa SJ, Chung H, Baek S, Choi I. A Dual Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, Zardaverine (Type 3/4), Enhances Motility of Frozen-thawed Boar Sperm. Cryo Letters 2018; 39:196-200. [PMID: 30059566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryopreserved semen is useful for animal breeding via artificial insemination (AI); however, the use of frozen-thawed boar sperm is limited due to cryodamage. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to improve post-thaw motility of boar semen by supplementing the thawing medium with a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, Zardaverine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thawed boar semen samples were treated with different concentrations of Zardaverine (0, 20, 50, 75, 100 µM) and the motility was evaluated using a computer-assisted sperm analyser. Toxic effects (sperm viability, DNA integrity, mitochondrial activity) were examined by eosin-nigrosin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and MitoTracker. RESULTS Sperm motility values included curvilinear velocity, rectilinear speed, average value, linearity index, straightness index, and progressive motility. The kinetic values were significantly higher with the 50 uM Zardaverine supplementation compared to non-treated control. Furthermore, there were no toxic effects of the Zardaverine treatment. CONCLUSION The dual phosphodiesterase inhibitor (type 3/4) Zardaverine significantly enhanced the motility of thawed spermatozoa without adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jeong
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Sa
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanjugun, Jeollabuk-do, 55356, Republic of Korea
| | - H Chung
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanjugun, Jeollabuk-do, 55356, Republic of Korea
| | - S Baek
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanjugun, Jeollabuk-do, 55356, Republic of Korea
| | - I Choi
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea. ;
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Cha HJ, Yun JI, Han NR, Kim HY, Baek S, Lee SH, Lee J, Lee E, Park CK, Lee ST. Generation of embryonic stem-like cells from in vivo-derived porcine blastocysts at a low concentration of basic fibroblast growth factor. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 53:176-185. [PMID: 29110378 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is an essential factor supporting the maintenance of porcine embryonic stem (ES) cell self-renewal and pluripotency, its high cost has limited previous studies, and the development of a low-cost culture system is required. For these systems, in vivo blastocysts were progressively cultured under various conditions consisting of different culture mediums and/or different feeder cell numbers at a low concentration of bFGF. As the results, the sequential culture of in vivo-derived porcine blastocysts on 5.0 × 105 mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder cells in alpha minimum essential medium-based medium for primary culture, on 2.5 × 105 MEF feeder cells in Mixture medium for the 1st subpassage, and on 2.5 × 105 MEF feeder cells in DMEM/Ham's F10-based medium for the post-2nd subpassage could support the establishment and maintenance of porcine ES-like cells at the low concentration of bFGF. The established porcine ES-like cells showed ES cell-specific characteristics such as self-renewal and pluripotency. We confirmed that porcine ES-like cells could be generated from in vivo-derived porcine blastocysts at a low concentration of bFGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-J Cha
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - J I Yun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - N R Han
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - H-Y Kim
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - S Baek
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - J Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - E Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - C-K Park
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Division of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - S T Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Division of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Kim D, Kim H, Sohn S, Kim A, Baek S, Lee C, Jeong I, Kim T. 688 Epithelial precursor cell-conditioned media ameliorates UV irradiation-induced extracellular matrix damage in human skin equivalents. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Suh J, Go H, Sung C, Baek S, Hwang H, Jeong S, Cho Y. Modification of The Paris System for urinary tract washing specimens using diagnostic cytological features. Cytopathology 2017; 28:516-523. [DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Suh
- Department of Pathology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - H. Go
- Department of Pathology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - C. Sung
- Department of Pathology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - S. Baek
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - H. Hwang
- Department of Pathology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - S. Jeong
- Department of Pathology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Y. Cho
- Department of Pathology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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Moon JY, Yun EJ, Yoon DY, Choi CS, Seo YL, Cho YK, Lim KJ, Baek S, Hong SJ, Yoon SJ. The 100 Most-Cited Articles Focused on Ultrasound Imaging: A Bibliometric Analysis. Ultraschall Med 2017; 38:311-317. [PMID: 28511228 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-120259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The number of citations that an article has received reflects its impact on a particular research area. The aim of this study was to identify the 100 most-cited articles focused on ultrasound (US) imaging and to analyze the characteristics of these articles. Methods We determined the 100 most-cited articles on US imaging via the Web of Science database, using the search term. The following parameters were used to analyze the characteristics of the 100 most-cited articles: publication year, journal, journal impact factor, number of citations and annual citations, authors, department, institution, country, type of article, and topic. Results The number of citations for the 100 most-cited articles ranged from 1849 to 341 (median: 442.0) and the number of annual citations ranged from 108.0 to 8.1 (median: 22.1). The majority of articles were published in 1990 - 1999 (39 %), published in radiology journals (20 %), originated in the United States (45 %), were clinical observation studies (67 %), and dealt with the vessels (35 %). The Department of Internal Medicine at the University of California and the Research Institute of Public Health at the University of Kuopio (n = 4 each) were the leading institutions and Salonen JT and Salonen R (n = 4 each) were the most prolific authors. Conclusion Our study presents a detailed list and analysis of the 100 most-cited US articles, which provides a unique insight into the historical development in this field.
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Baek S, Kim DY. Empirical Sensitivity Analysis of Discretization Parameters for Fault Pattern Extraction From Multivariate Time Series Data. IEEE Trans Cybern 2017; 47:1198-1209. [PMID: 28113832 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2016.2540657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been a challenge to find patterns in a time series of sensor data for fault detection in a system. Since it is usually not straightforward to discover meaningful features and rules directly from complex time series, data discretization has been popularly employed to reduce data size while preserving meaningful features from the original data, for which the choice of appropriate discretization parameters is crucial. We thus present a systematic discretization procedure of multivariate time series data that includes: 1) label definition in consideration of the estimated distribution functions of sensor signals and the trends of signal's short-term variation and 2) label specification to a set of time segments in order to describe the state of a given system for the time segment as a discretized state vector. Formal definitions of fault patterns and discretization problems are made to conduct empirical sensitivity analysis of discretization parameters in finding the most informative fault patterns. We then investigate the relationship between the parameters and the key characteristic indicators of sensor signals. The computational results with the ten real-world data sets provide a practical advice to select appropriate parameters.
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Lee DG, Jang IS, Yang KE, Yoon SJ, Baek S, Lee JY, Suzuki T, Chung KY, Woo SH, Choi JS. Effect of rutin from tartary buckwheat sprout on serum glucose-lowering in animal model of type 2 diabetes. Acta Pharm 2016; 66:297-302. [PMID: 27279072 DOI: 10.1515/acph-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the anti-diabetic effects of rutin from tartary buckwheat sprout in type 2 diabetes mouse model. The rutin content in tartary buckwheat sprout (TBS) is five times higher than that found in common buckwheat sprout (CBS) as evident from high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Administration of either rutin or TBS ethanolic extract to diabetes mice decreased the serum glucose level significantly. Rutin down-regulated the expression levels of protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B; it is negative regulator of insulin pathway, both transcriptionally and translationally in myocyte C2C12 in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, rutin can play a critical role in down-regulation of serum glucose level in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gi Lee
- Biological Disaster Analysis Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik Soon Jang
- Drug & Disease Target Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Eun Yang
- Biological Disaster Analysis Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Jung Yoon
- Biological Disaster Analysis Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Baek
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yong Lee
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuro Suzuki
- National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Memuro, Hokkaido 0820081, Japan
| | - Keun-Yook Chung
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Woo
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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Im H, Baek S, Yun C, Park S. The causal link between epilepsy and sleep disturbance. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jang M, Lee S, Baek S, Choi Y, Kim C. PP.LB03.20. J Hypertens 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000469038.67931.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gharahi H, Zambrano BA, Lim C, Choi J, Lee W, Baek S. On growth measurements of abdominal aortic aneurysms using maximally inscribed spheres. Med Eng Phys 2015; 37:683-91. [PMID: 26004506 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The maximum diameter, total volume of the abdominal aorta, and its growth rate are usually regarded as key factors for making a decision on the therapeutic operation time for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patient. There is, however, a debate on what is the best standard method to measure the diameter. Currently, two dominant methods for measuring the maximum diameter are used. One is measured on the planes perpendicular to the aneurism's central line (orthogonal diameter) and the other one is measured on the axial planes (axial diameter). In this paper, another method called 'inscribed-spherical diameter' is proposed to measure the diameter. The main idea is to find the diameter of the largest sphere that fits within the aorta. An algorithm is employed to establish a centerline for the AAA geometries obtained from a set of longitudinal scans obtained from South Korea. This centerline, besides being the base of the inscribed spherical method, is used for the determination of orthogonal and axial diameter. The growth rate parameters are calculated in different diameters and the total volume and the correlations between them are studied. Furthermore, an exponential growth pattern is sought for the maximum diameters over time to examine a nonlinear growth pattern of AAA expansion both globally and locally. The results present the similarities and discrepancies of these three methods. We report the shortcomings and the advantages of each method and its performance in the quantification of expansion rates. While the orthogonal diameter measurement has an ability of capturing a realistic diameter, it fluctuated. On the other hand, the inscribed sphere diameter method tends to underestimate the diameter measurement but the growth rate can be bounded in a narrow region for aiding prediction capability. Moreover, expansion rate parameters derived from this measurement exhibit good correlation with each other and with growth rate of volume. In conclusion, although the orthogonal method remains the main method of measuring the diameter of an abdominal aorta, employing the idea of maximally inscribed spheres provides both a tool for generation of the centerline, and an additional parameter for quantification of aneurysmal growth rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gharahi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, 2457 Engineering Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - B A Zambrano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, 2457 Engineering Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - C Lim
- Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - J Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, 2457 Engineering Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - W Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Baek
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, 2457 Engineering Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Kim BJ, Baek S, Ahn SH, Kim SH, Jo MW, Bae SJ, Kim HK, Choe J, Park GM, Kim YH, Lee SH, Kim GS, Koh JM. Higher serum uric acid as a protective factor against incident osteoporotic fractures in Korean men: a longitudinal study using the National Claim Registry. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1837-44. [PMID: 24668006 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this large longitudinal study of 16,078 Korean men aged 50 years or older, we observed that baseline elevation of serum uric acid level significantly associated with a lower risk of incident fractures at osteoporosis-related sites during an average follow-up period of 3 years. INTRODUCTION Male osteoporosis and related fractures are becoming recognized as important public health concerns. Oxidative stress has detrimental effects on bone metabolism, and serum uric acid (UA) is known to be a strong endogenous antioxidant. In the present study, we performed a large longitudinal study with an average follow-up period of 3 years to clarify the role of UA on the risk of incident osteoporotic fractures (OFs). METHODS A total of 16,078 Korean men aged 50 years or older who had undergone comprehensive routine health examinations were enrolled. Incident fractures at osteoporosis-related sites (e.g., hip, spine, distal radius, and proximal humerus) that occurred after the baseline examinations were identified from the nationwide claims database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of Korea by using selected International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision codes. RESULTS In total, 158 (1.0 %) men developed incident OFs. The event rate was 33.1 per 10,000 person-years. Subjects without incident OFs had 6.0 % higher serum UA levels than subjects with OFs (P = 0.001). Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard analyses adjusted for age, body mass index, glomerular filtration rate, lifestyle factors, medical and drug histories, and the presence of baseline radiological vertebral fractures revealed that the hazard ratio per standard deviation increase of baseline UA levels for the development of incident OFs was 0.829 (95 % CI = 0.695-0.989, P = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS These data provide the epidemiological evidence that serum UA may act as a protective factor against the development of incident OFs in Korean men.
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Affiliation(s)
- B-J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Poongnap2-Dong, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea
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Sohn G, Son BH, Baek S, Lee S, Lee Y, Kim HJ, Ko BS, Yu J, Lee JW, Ahn SH. Abstract P6-06-54: Analysis of treatment and survival of pathologic occult breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis: Nationwide retrospective study. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p6-06-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Occult breast cancer (OBC) is a rare presentation which accounts for 0.3-1.0% of all breast cancers. In spite of limited information, there is no consensus regarding the prognostic factors and treatment of OBC. This retrospective study intends to evaluate the overall survival and prognostic factors of occult breast cancer (OBC) in Korea.
Method
This study included 142 pathologic occult breast cancer patients from January 1990 to December 2009, identified from Korean Breast Cancer Society cancer registry. All patients had pathologically positive axillary lymph node (N1-N3) along with pathologically & radiologically negative in-breast lesion (T0/Tx) based on retrospective review of database. Among 142 patients, 32 patients had only axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), 56 patients had breast conserving operation (BCO) with ALND and 54 patients had mastectomy with ALND. 96 patients (96%) had N1 disease, 23 patients (16.2%) had N2 disease and 23 patients (16.2%) had N3 disease.
Results
There was no significant statistical difference in overall survival among different operation method, which is ALND only, BCO with ALND, mastectomy with ALND (p = 0.061), considering that 12 patients (37.5%) among 32 patients who only had ALND had N3 disease comparing that only 7 (12.5%) out of 56 patients and 4 (7.4%) out of 54 patients had N3 disease in BCO with ALND and mastectomy with ALND group separately. Univariate analysis revealed that only nodal status was significant prognostic factor (p = 0.0004), and other factors including radiotherapy (p = 0.696), chemotherapy (p = 0.302), estrogen receptor positivity (p = 0.144), progesterone receptor positivity (p = 0.254), total number of removed lymph node (p = 0.586) didn't show statistical difference in overall survival.
Conclusions
This study suggests that OBC patients who only had ALND showed similar outcomes when comparing with patients who had BCO with ALND or mastectomy with ALND. Also only nodal status might be independent predictors for poor outcomes of occult breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-06-54.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sohn
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - BH Son
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Baek
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - HJ Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - BS Ko
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Yu
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - JW Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kim S, Kim J, Kim K, Kim Y, Park Y, Baek S, Park SY, Yoon SY, Kwon HS, Cho YS, Kim TB, Moon HB. Healthcare use and prescription patterns associated with adult asthma in Korea: analysis of the NHI claims database. Allergy 2013; 68:1435-42. [PMID: 24131085 DOI: 10.1111/all.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND National Health Insurance (NHI) claim records could provide valuable data for epidemiological studies of asthma in Korea. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of adult asthma and to investigate asthma-related healthcare use and prescription patterns in Korea over 5 years. METHODS National Health Insurance claim records from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2010 were analyzed in a retrospective, population-based study. Outcome measures included asthma prevalence, healthcare use, and prescription patterns over time, by type of hospital, and by medical specialty. Additionally, we assessed differences in healthcare use between newly diagnosed and previously diagnosed patients in 2009. RESULTS Over 5 years, the prevalence of asthma among Korean adults increased from 4944 to 5707 cases per 100,000 population (from 3760 to 4445 in men and from 6108 to 6951 in women). Asthma-related outpatient visits decreased from 4.82 ± 8.02 to 3.44 ± 5.50. Approximately 3% of all patients were hospitalized and 2.4% received asthma-related emergency treatment each year. Pulmonary function tests were performed in 10-11% of patients an average of 1.3 times per year. Newly diagnosed patients experienced fewer asthma-related hospitalizations (1.78% vs 4.35%) and emergency department visits (0.80% vs 2.11%) than the previously diagnosed group. Prescriptions of inhaled corticosteroids-based inhalers were maintained with about 20% of average of all types of hospitals. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of asthma in Korea has increased over a recent 5-year period, and asthma is still suboptimally controlled. Public health strategies are needed to improve the management of asthma in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Kim
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Department of Internal Medicine; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - J. Kim
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency; Seoul Korea
| | - K. Kim
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency; Seoul Korea
| | - Y. Kim
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency; Seoul Korea
| | - Y. Park
- Department of Statistics; Dongguk University; Seoul Korea
| | - S. Baek
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - S. Y. Park
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Department of Internal Medicine; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - S.-Y. Yoon
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Department of Internal Medicine; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - H.-S. Kwon
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Department of Internal Medicine; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Y. S. Cho
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Department of Internal Medicine; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - T.-B. Kim
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Department of Internal Medicine; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - H.-B. Moon
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Department of Internal Medicine; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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Liu C, Baek S, Kim J, Vasko E, Pyne R, Chan C. Effect of Static Pre-stretch Induced Surface Anisotropy on Orientation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell Mol Bioeng 2013; 7:106-121. [PMID: 24678348 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-013-0300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical cues in the cellular environment play important roles in guiding various cell behaviors, such as cell alignment, migration, and differentiation. Previous studies investigated mechanical stretch guided cell alignment pre-dominantly with cyclic stretching whereby an external force is applied to stretch the substrate dynamically (i.e., cyclically) while the cells are attached onto the substrate. In contrast, we created a static pre-stretched anisotropic surface in which the cells were seeded subsequent to stretching the substrate. We hypothesized that the cell senses the physical environment through a more active mechanism, namely, even without external forces the cell can actively apply traction and sense an increased stiffness in the stretched direction and align in that direction. To test our hypothesis, we quantified the extent of pre-stretch induced anisotropy by employing the theory of small deformation superimposed on large and predicted the effective stiffness in the stretch direction as well as its perpendicular direction. We showed mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) aligned in the pre-stretched direction, and the cell alignment and morphology were dependent on the pre-stretch magnitude. In addition, the pre-stretched surface demonstrated an ability to promote early myoblast differentiation of the MSC. This study is the first report on MSC alignment on a statically pre-stretched surface. The cell orientation induced by the pre-stretch induced anisotropy could provide insight into tissue engineering applications involving cells that aligned in vivo in the absence of dynamic mechanical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - S Baek
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - J Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - E Vasko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - R Pyne
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - C Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Yoon SY, Kim TB, Baek S, Kim S, Kwon HS, Lee YS, Lee T, Jang AS, Chang YS, Cho SH, Choi BW, Park JW, Nham DH, Yoon HJ, Cho YJ, Park CS, Moon HB, Cho YS. The impact of total antioxidant capacity on pulmonary function in asthma patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:1036-42. [PMID: 23044449 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, mediated by an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of asthma. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) on the pulmonary function of Korean asthma patients. METHOD A total of 104 adult asthma patients enrolled from the COREA (Cohort for Reality and Evolution of Adult Asthma in Korea) programme participated in the study. Baseline clinical parameters at enrolment, and the results of pulmonary function tests at baseline and 1 and 2 years after enrolment were collected. TAC at baseline was measured using a Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity assay. Patients were divided into two groups based on TAC levels, and various clinical parameters were compared. RESULT Serum TAC levels correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) at baseline (r = 0.22, P = 0.03). The group with higher baseline TAC levels maintained greater mean FEV(1) both 1 and 2 years after enrolment, even after adjusting for sex, age, height, weight, body mass index and smoking status. CONCLUSION These results suggest an important link between serum TAC levels and pulmonary function, indicating that higher TAC levels may be a biomarker for favourable prognosis in asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Yoon
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Wilson JS, Baek S, Humphrey JD. Parametric study of effects of collagen turnover on the natural history of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2013; 469:20120556. [PMID: 23633905 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2012.0556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are characterized by significant changes in the architecture of the aortic wall, notably, loss of functional elastin and smooth muscle. Because collagen is the principal remaining load-bearing constituent of the aneurysmal wall, its turnover must play a fundamental role in the natural history of the lesion. Nevertheless, detailed investigations of the effects of different aspects of collagen turnover on AAA development are lacking. A finite-element membrane model of the growth and remodelling of idealized AAAs was thus used to investigate parametrically four of the primary aspects of collagen turnover: rates of production, half-life, deposition stretch (prestretch) and material stiffness. The predicted rates of aneurysmal expansion and spatio-temporal changes in wall thickness, biaxial stresses and maximum collagen fibre stretch at the apex of the lesion depended strongly on all four factors, as did the predicted clinical endpoints (i.e. arrest, progressive expansion or rupture). Collagen turnover also affected the axial expansion, largely due to mechanical changes within the shoulder region of the lesion. We submit, therefore, that assessment of rupture risk could be improved by future experiments that delineate and quantify different aspects of patient-specific collagen turnover and that such understanding could lead to new targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Yale University , New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Baek S, Seo H, Kim S, Choi S. P04.41. Prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine use in a community-based population in Korea: a systematic review. Altern Ther Health Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373756 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-p311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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43
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Baek S, Lim J. 89. The difference of apoptotic responses in denervated muscle atrophy of aging rat skeletal muscles. Clin Neurophysiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.11.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wilson JS, Baek S, Humphrey JD. Importance of initial aortic properties on the evolving regional anisotropy, stiffness and wall thickness of human abdominal aortic aneurysms. J R Soc Interface 2012; 9:2047-58. [PMID: 22491975 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Complementary advances in medical imaging, vascular biology and biomechanics promise to enable computational modelling of abdominal aortic aneurysms to play increasingly important roles in clinical decision processes. Using a finite-element-based growth and remodelling model of evolving aneurysm geometry and material properties, we show that regional variations in material anisotropy, stiffness and wall thickness should be expected to arise naturally and thus should be included in analyses of aneurysmal enlargement or wall stress. In addition, by initiating the model from best-fit material parameters estimated for non-aneurysmal aortas from different subjects, we show that the initial state of the aorta may influence strongly the subsequent rate of enlargement, wall thickness, mechanical behaviour and thus stress in the lesion. We submit, therefore, that clinically reliable modelling of the enlargement and overall rupture-potential of aneurysms may require both a better understanding of the mechanobiological processes that govern the evolution of these lesions and new methods of determining the patient-specific state of the pre-aneurysmal aorta (or correlation to currently unaffected portions thereof) through knowledge of demographics, comorbidities, lifestyle, genetics and future non-invasive or minimally invasive tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Bae K, Bruner DW, Baek S, Movsas B, Corn BW, Dignam JJ. Patterns of missing mini mental status exam (MMSE) in radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) brain cancer trials. J Neurooncol 2011; 105:383-95. [PMID: 21603964 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) instrument has been commonly used in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) to assess mental status in brain cancer patients. Evaluating patient factors in relation to patterns of incomplete MMSE assessments can provide insight into predictors of missingness and optimal MMSE collection schedules in brain cancer clinical trials. This study examined eight RTOG brain cancer trials with ten treatment arms and 1,957 eligible patients. Patient data compliance patterns were categorized as: (1) evaluated at all time points (Complete), (2) not evaluated from a given time point or any subsequent time points but evaluated at all the previous time points (Monotone drop-out), (3) not evaluated at any time point (All missing), and (4) all other patterns (Mixed). Patient characteristics and reasons for missingness were summarized and compared among the missing pattern groups. Baseline MMSE scores and change scores after radiation therapy (RT) were compared between these groups, adjusting for differences in other characteristics. There were significant differences in frequency of missing patterns by age, treatment type, education, and Zubrod performance status (ZPS; P < 0.001). Ninety-two percent of patients were evaluated at least once: seven percent of patients were complete pattern, 49% were Monotone pattern, and 36% were mixed pattern. Patients who received RT only regimens were evaluated at a higher rate than patients who received RT + other treatments (49-64% vs. 27-45%). Institutional error and request to not be contacted were the most frequent known reasons for missing data, but most often, reasons for missing MMSE was unspecified. Differences in baseline mean MMSE scores by missing pattern (Complete, Monotone dropout, Mixed) were statistically significant (P < 0.001) but differences were small (<1.5 points) and significance did not persist after adjustment for age, ZPS, and other factors related to missingness. Post-RT change scores did not differ significantly by missing pattern. While baseline and change scores did not differ widely by missing pattern for available measurements, incomplete data was common and of unknown reason, and has potential to substantially bias conclusions. Higher compliance rates may be achievable by addressing institutional compliance with assessment schedules and patient refusal issues, and further exploration of how educational and health status barriers influence compliance with MMSE and other tools used in modern neurocognitive batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bae
- Statistics Department, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group, 1818 Market St. Suite 1600, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA.
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Izbicka E, Streeper R, Diaz A, Campos D, Michalek J, Louden C, Long T, Baek S, Mussman R. PP 9 Men and women display different proteomic diagnostic profiles in non small cell lung cancer. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72662-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Izbicka E, Streeper R, Diaz A, Campos D, Michalek J, Louden C, Long T, Baek S, Mussman R. 1424 POSTER Methods of Identification and Diagnosis of Lung Cancer Using Classification Systems. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)70917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pagilla K, Sattayatewa C, Urgun-Demirtas M, Baek S. Effect of influent nitrogen speciation on organic nitrogen occurrence in activated sludge process effluents. Water Environ Res 2011; 83:761-766. [PMID: 21905413 DOI: 10.2175/106143011x12928814444853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of influent nitrogen composition on organic nitrogen production in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) activated sludge process was investigated. A laboratory-scale SBR was fed with three different type synthetic wastewaters with varying nitrogen compositions (phase I = nitriloacetic acid + ammonium [NH4-N], phase II = NH(4-)N, and phase III = amino acid mixture + NH(4-)N) was operated. The effluent contained approximately 1 to 2 mg N/L organic nitrogen, even though there was no organic nitrogen in influent. The effluent organic nitrogen increased to approximately 4 mg N/L when the influent composition was changed and then stabilized at <2 mg N/L. The maximum nitrifier growth rate constants (microN) were calculated as 0.91+/-0.10 to 1.14+/-0.08 day-1, 0.82 +/-0.13 day-1, and 0.89+/-0.08 day-1 at 20 degrees C for the three different influent compositions. The effluent colloidal organic nitrogen (CON) was negligible, suggesting that the effluent CON found in full-scale plants may be the result of influent-derived suspended matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pagilla
- Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA.
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Kwon ST, Rectenwald JE, Baek S. Intrasac pressure changes and vascular remodeling after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms: review and biomechanical model simulation. J Biomech Eng 2011; 133:011011. [PMID: 21186901 DOI: 10.1115/1.4003134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we review existing clinical research data on post-endovascular repair (EVAR) intrasac pressure and relation with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) size changes. Based on the review, we hypothesize that intrasac pressure has a significant impact on post-EVAR AAA size changes, and post-EVAR remodeling depends also on how the pressure has changed over a period of time. The previously developed model of an AAA based on a constrained mixture approach is extended to include vascular adaptation after EVAR using an idealized geometry. Computational simulation shows that the same mechanism of collagen stress-mediated remodeling in AAA expansion induces the aneurysm wall to shrink in a reduced sac-pressure after post-EVAR. Computational simulation suggests that the intrasac pressure of 60 mm Hg is a critical value. At this value, the AAA remains stable, while values above cause the AAA to expand and values below cause the AAA to shrink. There are, however, variations between individuals due to different cellular sensitivities in stress-mediated adaptation. Computer simulation also indicates that an initial decrease in intrasac pressure helps the AAA shrink even if the pressure increases after some time. The presented study suggests that biomechanics has a major effect on initial adaptation after EVAR and also illustrates the utility of a computational model of vascular growth and remodeling in predicting diameter changes during the progression and after the treatment of AAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Baek S, Rajagopal KR, Srinivasa AR. Measurements Related to the Flow of Granular Material in a Torsional Rheometer. Particulate Science and Technology 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/02726350152772092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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