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Jeanjean M, Goix S, Dron J, Periot M, Austruy A, Douib K, Persoons R, Etienne MP, Revenko G, Chamaret P. Influence of environmental and dietary exposures on metals accumulation among the residents of a major industrial harbour (Fos-sur-Mer, France). J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127021. [PMID: 35753173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine whether the residents living closer to the core industrial zone (Fos-sur-Mer) had higher trace metals blood and urinary levels than residents who lived further away (Saint-Martin-de-Crau). MATERIALS AND METHODS As part of The INDEX study, we measured the following trace metals into blood and urine samples of 138 participants (80 in the core industrial zone and 58 in the reference area): Antimony, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Mercury, Nickel, Lead and Vanadium. Participants were recruited using a stratified random sampling method and had to meet the following inclusion criteria: 30-65 years old, living in the area since at least 3 years, not working in the industrial sector, non-smoker. We used single-pollutant multivariate linear regression models, using substitution when censored data were under 15 % and Tobit models alternatively, adjusting for personal physiological, social, dietary, housing characteristics and leisure activities. We also measured these trace metals in samples of lichens (Xanthoria parietina) and atmospheric particles (PM2.5). RESULTS We showed higher lichen and air levels of several metals (Cd, Cr, Co, Ni and Pb) in the exposed area. Living close to the core industrial zone was significantly associated with an increase in blood levels of lead (adjusted geometric mean = 17.2 [15.8-18.7] vs 15.1 [13.7-16.7] µg.L-1, p < 0.05). We report significant increase of some metals urinary levels among residents of the industrial port zone, as the result of the use of the environment, itself contaminated by industrial activities: dietary history of self-consumption of vegetables (Cadmium), eggs and poultries (Vanadium). However, Vanadium levels were greater among self-consumers of poultry in the reference area and gardeners had circulatory levels of Lead greater than non-gardeners only in the reference area. Consumption of non-local sea-products increased the level of Cadmium. CONCLUSIONS These results brought interesting clues, in complement to national programs, regarding the exposure to trace metals of residents living in a major industrial harbor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Jeanjean
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions - Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France.
| | - Sylvaine Goix
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions - Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Julien Dron
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions - Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Marine Periot
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions - Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Annabelle Austruy
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions - Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Khaled Douib
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions - Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Renaud Persoons
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Etienne
- University of Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, CNRS, UMR 6625 IRMAR, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Gautier Revenko
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions - Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Philippe Chamaret
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions - Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
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Pérez S, German-Labaume C, Mathiot S, Goix S, Chamaret P. Using Bayesian networks for environmental health risk assessment. Environ Res 2022; 204:112059. [PMID: 34536371 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated the potential relationships between air pollution, socio-economy, and proven pathologies (e.g., respiratory, cardiovascular) within an industrial area in Southern France (Etang de Berre), gathering steel industries, oil refineries, shipping, road traffic and experiencing a Mediterranean climate. A total of 178 variables were simultaneously integrated within a Bayesian model at intra-urban scale. Various unsupervised and supervised algorithms (maximum spanning tree, tree-augmented naive classifier) as well as sensitivity analyses were used to better understand the links between all variables, and highlighted correlations between population exposure to air pollutants and some pathologies. Adverse health effects (bronchus and lung cancers for 15-65 years old people) were observed for hydrofluoric acid at low background concentration (<0.003 μg m-3) while exposure to particulate cadmium (0.210-0.250 μg m-3) disrupts insulin metabolism for people over 65 years-old leading to diabetes. Bronchus and lung cancers for people over 65 years-old occurred at low background SO2 concentration (6 μg m-3) below European limit values. When benzo[k]fluoranthene exceeded 0.672 μg m-3, we observed a high number of hospital admissions for respiratory diseases for 15-65 years-old people. The study also revealed the important influence of socio-economy (e.g., single-parent family, people with no qualification at 15 years-old) on pathologies (e.g., cardiovascular diseases). Finally, a diffuse polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) pollution was observed in the study area and can potentially cause lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pérez
- University Côte d'Azur, UMR, 7300, Boulevard E. Herriot, Nice, France.
| | - Catherine German-Labaume
- Centre Intercommunal de l'Action Sociale du Pays de Martigues, Health and Handicap Department, Avenue Louis Sammut, Martigues, France
| | | | - Sylvaine Goix
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions, Centre de vie, La Fossette, Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Philippe Chamaret
- Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions, Centre de vie, La Fossette, Fos-sur-Mer, France
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Laffont L, Menges J, Goix S, Gentès S, Maury-Brachet R, Sonke JE, Legeay A, Gonzalez P, Rinaldo R, Maurice L. Hg concentrations and stable isotope variations in tropical fish species of a gold-mining-impacted watershed in French Guiana. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:60609-60621. [PMID: 34159470 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine if gold-mining activities could impact the mercury (Hg) concentrations and isotopic signatures in freshwater fish consumed by riparian people in French Guiana. Total Hg, MeHg concentrations, and Hg stable isotopes ratios were analyzed in fish muscles from different species belonging to three feeding patterns (herbivorous, periphytophagous, and piscivorous). We compared tributaries impacted by gold-mining activities (Camopi, CR) with a pristine area upstream (Trois-Sauts, TS), along the Oyapock River. We measured δ15N and δ 13C to examine whether Hg patterns are due to differences in trophic level. Differences in δ 15N and δ 13C values between both studied sites were only observed for periphytophagous fish, due to difference of CN baselines, with enriched values at TS. Total Hg concentrations and Hg stable isotope signatures showed that Hg accumulated in fish from both areas has undergone different biogeochemical processes. Δ199Hg variation in fish (-0.5 to 0.2‰) was higher than the ecosystem baseline defined by a Δ199Hg of -0.66‰ in sediments, and suggested limited aqueous photochemical MeHg degradation. Photochemistry-corrected δ202Hg in fish was 0.7‰ higher than the baseline, consistent with biophysical and chemical isotope fractionation in the aquatic environment. While THg concentrations in periphytophagous fish were higher in the gold-mining area, disturbed by inputs of suspended particles, than in TS, the ensemble of Hg isotope shifts in fish is affected by the difference of biotic (methylation/demethylation) and abiotic (photochemistry) processes between both areas and did therefore not allow to resolve the contribution of gold-mining-related liquid Hg(0) in fish tissues. Mercury isotopes of MeHg in fish and lower trophic level organisms can be complementary to light stable isotope tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Laffont
- Geosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD/CNES/Université Toulouse III, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France.
| | - Johanna Menges
- Section 4.6, Geomorphology, GFZ-German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sylvaine Goix
- Geosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD/CNES/Université Toulouse III, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
- University Toulouse III, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Gentès
- EPOC, EPHE, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, 33120, Arcachon, France
| | | | - Jeroen E Sonke
- Geosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD/CNES/Université Toulouse III, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexia Legeay
- EPOC, EPHE, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, 33120, Arcachon, France
| | | | - Raphaëlle Rinaldo
- Parc Amazonien de Guyane, 1 rue Lederson, 97354, Remire-Montjoly, France
| | - Laurence Maurice
- Geosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD/CNES/Université Toulouse III, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France.
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Goix S, Maurice L, Laffont L, Rinaldo R, Lagane C, Chmeleff J, Menges J, Heimbürger LE, Maury-Brachet R, Sonke JE. Quantifying the impacts of artisanal gold mining on a tropical river system using mercury isotopes. Chemosphere 2019; 219:684-694. [PMID: 30557725 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In some locations, artisanal and small-scale gold-mining (ASGM) represents a significant source of anthropogenic Hg to freshwater environments. The Hg released from ASGM can contaminate aquatic fauna and pose health risks to downstream populations. Total Hg (THg) concentrations, speciation, and isotopic compositions were analyzed in water, suspended particulate matter, soil, and bottom sediment samples from pristine areas and in places of active and legacy gold mining along the Oyapock River (French Guiana) and its tributaries. Mass-independent fractionation (MIF) of even Hg isotopes in top soils (Δ200Hg = -0.06 ± 0.02‰, n = 10) implied the uptake of gaseous Hg(0) by plants, rather than wet deposition, as the primary Hg source. Odd isotope MIF was lower in deep soils (Δ199Hg = -0.75 ± 0.03‰, n = 7) than in top soils (Δ199Hg = -0.55 ± 0.15‰, n = 3). This variation could be attributed to differences between the isotopic signatures of modern and pre-industrial atmospheric Hg. Combining a Hg-isotope binary mixing model with a multiple linear regression based on physico-chemical parameters measured in the sediment samples, we determined that active mined creek sediments are contaminated by ASGM activities, with up to 78% of THg being anthropogenic. Of this anthropogenic Hg, more than half (66-74%) originates from liquid Hg(0) that is released during ASGM. The remaining anthropogenic Hg comes from the ASGM-driven erosion of Hg-rich soils into the river. The isotope signatures of anthropogenic Hg in bottom sediments were no longer traceable in formerly mined rivers and creeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Goix
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France; Institut Écocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions, Centre de Vie La Fossette RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Laurence Maurice
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France.
| | - Laure Laffont
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Raphaelle Rinaldo
- Parc Amazonien de Guyane, 1 rue Lederson, Remire-Montjoly, Guyane française, France
| | - Christelle Lagane
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Jerome Chmeleff
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Johanna Menges
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France; GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 5.1: Geomorphology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lars-Eric Heimbürger
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Régine Maury-Brachet
- University of Bordeaux, UMR EPOC 5805, Place du Dr Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Jeroen E Sonke
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
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Alanoca L, Guédron S, Amouroux D, Audry S, Monperrus M, Tessier E, Goix S, Acha D, Seyler P, Point D. Synergistic effects of mining and urban effluents on the level and distribution of methylmercury in a shallow aquatic ecosystem of the Bolivian Altiplano. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2016; 18:1550-1560. [PMID: 27878175 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00547k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lake Uru Uru (3686 m a.s.l.) located in the Bolivian Altiplano region receives both mining effluents and urban wastewater discharges originating from the surrounding local cities which are under rapid development. We followed the spatiotemporal distribution of different mercury (Hg) compounds and other metal(oid)s (e.g., Fe, Mn, Sb, Ti and W) in both water and sediments during the wet and dry seasons along a north-south transect of this shallow lake system. Along the transect, the highest Hg and metal(oid) concentrations in both water and sediments were found downstream of the confluences with mining effluents. Although a dilution effect was found for major elements during the wet season, mean Hg and metal(oid) concentrations did not significantly differ from the dry season due to the increase in acid mine drainage (AMD) inputs into the lake from upstream mining areas. In particular, high filtered (<0.45 μm) mono-methylmercury (MMHg) concentrations (0.69 ± 0.47 ng L-1) were measured in surface water representing 49 ± 11% of the total filtered Hg concentrations (THgF) for both seasons. Enhanced MMHg lability in relation with the water alkalinity, coupled with abundant organic ligands and colloids (especially for downstream mining effluents), are likely factors favoring Hg methylation and MMHg preservation while inhibiting MMHg photodegradation. Lake sediments were identified as the major source of MMHg for the shallow water column. During the dry season, diffusive fluxes were estimated to be 227 ng m-2 d-1 for MMHg. This contribution was found to be negligible during the wet season due to a probable shift of the redox front downwards in the sediments. During the wet season, the results obtained suggest that various sources such as mining effluents and benthic or macrophytic biofilms significantly contribute to MMHg inputs in the water column. This work demonstrates the seasonally dependent synergistic effect of AMD and urban effluents on the shallow, productive and evaporative high altitude lake ecosystems which promotes the formation of natural organometallic toxins such as MMHg in the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alanoca
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, UMR5563, IRD UR 234, Université Paul Sabatier, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France and Laboratorio de Hidroquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Campus Universitario de Cota Cota, Casilla 3161, La Paz, Bolivia.
| | - S Guédron
- Laboratorio de Hidroquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Campus Universitario de Cota Cota, Casilla 3161, La Paz, Bolivia. and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, ISTerre, UMR 5275, F-38041 Grenoble, France and Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - D Amouroux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE), Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, IPREM UMR 5254 CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2, av. P. Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 9, France and Laboratorio de Calidad Ambiental (LCA), Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Campus Universitario de Cota Cota, Casilla 3161, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - S Audry
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, UMR5563, IRD UR 234, Université Paul Sabatier, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - M Monperrus
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE), Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, IPREM UMR 5254 CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2, av. P. Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 9, France
| | - E Tessier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE), Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, IPREM UMR 5254 CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2, av. P. Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 9, France
| | - S Goix
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, UMR5563, IRD UR 234, Université Paul Sabatier, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - D Acha
- Laboratorio de Calidad Ambiental (LCA), Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Campus Universitario de Cota Cota, Casilla 3161, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - P Seyler
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, UMR5563, IRD UR 234, Université Paul Sabatier, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - D Point
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, UMR5563, IRD UR 234, Université Paul Sabatier, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France and Laboratorio de Calidad Ambiental (LCA), Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Campus Universitario de Cota Cota, Casilla 3161, La Paz, Bolivia
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Goix S, Uzu G, Oliva P, Barraza F, Calas A, Castet S, Point D, Masbou J, Duprey JL, Huayta C, Chincheros J, Gardon J. Metal concentration and bioaccessibility in different particle sizes of dust and aerosols to refine metal exposure assessment. J Hazard Mater 2016; 317:552-562. [PMID: 27344256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Refined exposure assessments were realized for children, 7-9yrs, in the mining/smelting city of Oruro, Bolivia. Aerosols (PM>2.5, PM1-2.5, PM0.4-1 and PM0.5) and dust (separated in different particle size fractions: 2000-200μm, 200-50μm, 50-20μm, 20-2μm and <2μm) were sampled on football fields highly frequented by children in both the mining and smelting areas. Trace element concentrations (Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, Sn and Zn) in each size fraction of dust and aerosols, lung bioaccessibility of metals in aerosols, and gastric bioaccessibility of metals in dust were measured. Exposure was assessed considering actual external exposure (i.e. exposure pathways: metals inhaled and ingested) and simulated internal exposure (i.e., complex estimation using gastric and lung bioaccessibility, deposition and clearance of particles in lungs). Significant differences between external and simulated internal exposure were attributed to dissemblances in gastric and lung bioaccessibilities, as well as metal distribution within particle size range, revealing the importance of both parameters in exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Goix
- GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions, Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, F-13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France.
| | - Gaëlle Uzu
- Université Grenoble Alpes, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France; IRD, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Priscia Oliva
- GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Fiorella Barraza
- GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Aude Calas
- Université Grenoble Alpes, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France; IRD, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvie Castet
- GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - David Point
- GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Jeremy Masbou
- GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Jacques Gardon
- IRD-LCA-UMSA, CP 9214 Obrajes, La Paz, Bolivia; IRD-Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Montpellier, France
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Goix S, Mombo S, Schreck E, Pierart A, Lévêque T, Deola F, Dumat C. Field isotopic study of lead fate and compartmentalization in earthworm-soil-metal particle systems for highly polluted soil near Pb recycling factory. Chemosphere 2015; 138:10-17. [PMID: 26025429 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms are important organisms in soil macrofauna and play a key role in soil functionality, and consequently in terrestrial ecotoxicological risk assessments. Because they are frequently observed in soils strongly polluted by metals, the influence of earthworm bioturbation on Pb fate could therefore be studied through the use of Pb isotopes. Total Pb concentrations and isotopic composition ((206)Pb, (207)Pb and (208)Pb) were then measured in earthworms, casts and bulk soils sampled at different distance from a lead recycling factory. Results showed decreasing Pb concentrations with the distance from the factory whatever the considered matrix (bulk soils, earthworm bodies or cast samples) with higher concentrations in bulk soils than in cast samples. The bivariate plot (208)Pb/(206)Pb ratios versus (206)Pb/(207)Pb ratios showed that all samples can be considered as a linear mixing between metallic process particulate matter (PM) and geochemical Pb background. Calculated anthropogenic fraction of Pb varied between approximately 84% and 100%. Based on Pb isotopic signatures, the comparison between casts, earthworms and bulk soils allowed to conclude that earthworms preferentially ingest the anthropogenic lead fraction associated with coarse soil organic matter. Actually, soil organic matter was better correlated with Pb isotopic ratios than with Pb content in soils. The proposed hypothesis is therefore a decrease of soil organic matter turnover due to Pb pollution with consequences on Pb distribution in soils and earthworm exposure. Finally, Pb isotopes analysis constitutes an efficient tool to study the influence of earthworm bioturbation on Pb cycle in polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Goix
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et Environnement), Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Mombo
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et Environnement), Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eva Schreck
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Pierart
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et Environnement), Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Thibaut Lévêque
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et Environnement), Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Frédéric Deola
- STCM, Société de Traitements Chimiques des Métaux, 30 Avenue de Fondeyre, 31200 Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Dumat
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; Certop UMR5044-Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail, Organisation, Pouvoir, France.
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Xiong TT, Leveque T, Austruy A, Goix S, Schreck E, Dappe V, Sobanska S, Foucault Y, Dumat C. Foliar uptake and metal(loid) bioaccessibility in vegetables exposed to particulate matter. Environ Geochem Health 2014; 36:897-909. [PMID: 24729051 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-014-9607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
At the global scale, high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) enriched with metal(loid)s are currently observed in the atmosphere of urban areas. Foliar lead uptake was demonstrated for vegetables exposed to airborne PM. Our main objective here was to highlight the health risk associated with the consumption of vegetables exposed to foliar deposits of PM enriched with the various metal(loid)s frequently observed in the atmosphere of urban areas (Cd, Sb, Zn and Pb). Leaves of mature cabbage and spinach were exposed to manufactured mono-metallic oxide particles (CdO, Sb2O3 and ZnO) or to complex process PM mainly enriched with lead. Total and bioaccessible metal(loid) concentrations were then measured for polluted vegetables and the various PM used as sources. Finally, scanning electronic microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis was used to study PM-phyllosphere interactions. High quantities of Cd, Sb, Zn and Pb were taken up by the plant leaves. These levels depended on both the plant species and nature of the PM, highlighting the interest of acquiring data for different plants and sources of exposure in order to better identify and manage health risks. A maximum of 2% of the leaf surfaces were covered with the PM. However, particles appeared to be enriched in stomatal openings, with up to 12% of their area occupied. Metal(loid) bioaccessibility was significantly higher for vegetables compared to PM sources, certainly due to chemical speciation changes. Taken together, these results confirm the importance of taking atmospheric PM into account when assessing the health risks associated with ingestion of vegetables grown in urban vegetable crops or kitchen gardens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Xiong
- INP-ENSAT, UPS; EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
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Goix S, Lévêque T, Xiong TT, Schreck E, Baeza-Squiban A, Geret F, Uzu G, Austruy A, Dumat C. Environmental and health impacts of fine and ultrafine metallic particles: assessment of threat scores. Environ Res 2014; 133:185-94. [PMID: 24959986 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes global threat scores to prioritize the harmfulness of anthropogenic fine and ultrafine metallic particles (FMP) emitted into the atmosphere at the global scale. (Eco)toxicity of physicochemically characterized FMP oxides for metals currently observed in the atmosphere (CdO, CuO, PbO, PbSO(4), Sb(2)O(3), and ZnO) was assessed by performing complementary in vitro tests: ecotoxicity, human bioaccessibility, cytotoxicity, and oxidative potential. Using an innovative methodology based on the combination of (eco)toxicity and physicochemical results, the following hazard classification of the particles is proposed: CdCl2~CdO>CuO>PbO>ZnO>PbSO(4)>Sb(2)O(3). Both cadmium compounds exhibited the highest threat score due to their high cytotoxicity and bioaccessible dose, whatever their solubility and speciation, suggesting that cadmium toxicity is due to its chemical form rather than its physical form. In contrast, the Sb(2)O(3) threat score was the lowest due to particles with low specific area and solubility, with no effects except a slight oxidative stress. As FMP physicochemical properties reveal differences in specific area, crystallization systems, dissolution process, and speciation, various mechanisms may influence their biological impact. Finally, this newly developed and global approach could be widely used in various contexts of pollution by complex metal particles and may improve risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Goix
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Thibaut Lévêque
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; ADEME (French Agency for Environment and Energy Management), 20 Avenue du Grésillé, BP 90406, 49004 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Tian-Tian Xiong
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eva Schreck
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Baeza-Squiban
- Laboratoire des Réponses Moléculaires et Cellulaires aux Xénobiotiques, Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, EAC4413, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 Rue Thomas Mann, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Florence Geret
- GEODE, UMR CNRS 5602, University of Toulouse, Centre universitaire d׳Albi, Place de Verdun, 81012 Albi, France
| | - Gaëlle Uzu
- Université de Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Annabelle Austruy
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; Institut Ecocitoyen, Centre de vie la Fossette RD 268, 13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France
| | - Camille Dumat
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l׳Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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Cadot E, Ruiz-Castel M, Barbieri F, Paco P, Goix S, Gardon J. Les déterminants individuels de l’exposition humaine au plomb. Une analyse de la cohorte ToxBol, Oruro, Bolivie. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Foucault Y, Durand MJ, Tack K, Schreck E, Geret F, Leveque T, Pradere P, Goix S, Dumat C. Use of ecotoxicity test and ecoscores to improve the management of polluted soils: case of a secondary lead smelter plant. J Hazard Mater 2013; 246-247:291-299. [PMID: 23328625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
With the rise of sustainable development, rehabilitation of brownfield sites located in urban areas has become a major concern. Management of contaminated soils in relation with environmental and sanitary risk concerns is therefore a strong aim needing the development of both useful tools for risk assessment and sustainable remediation techniques. For soils polluted by metals and metalloids (MTE), the criteria for landfilling are currently not based on ecotoxicological tests but on total MTE concentrations and leaching tests. In this study, the ecotoxicity of leachates from MTE polluted soils sampled from an industrial site recycling lead-acid batteries were evaluated by using both modified Escherichia coli strains with luminescence modulated by metals and normalized Daphnia magna and Alivibrio fischeri bioassays. The results were clearly related to the type of microorganisms (crustacean, different strains of bacteria) whose sensitivity varied. Ecotoxicity was also different according to sample location on the site, total concentrations and physico-chemical properties of each soil. For comparison, standard leaching tests were also performed. Potentially phytoavailable fraction of MTE in soils and physico-chemical measures were finally performed in order to highlight the mechanisms. The results demonstrated that the use of a panel of microorganisms is suitable for hazard classification of polluted soils. In addition, calculated eco-scores permit to rank the polluted soils according to their potentially of dangerousness. Influence of soil and MTE characteristics on MTE mobility and ecotoxicity was also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Foucault
- Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Goix S, Point D, Oliva P, Polve M, Duprey JL, Mazurek H, Guislain L, Huayta C, Barbieri FL, Gardon J. Influence of source distribution and geochemical composition of aerosols on children exposure in the large polymetallic mining region of the Bolivian Altiplano. Sci Total Environ 2011; 412-413:170-184. [PMID: 22044583 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Bolivian Altiplano (Highlands) region is subject to intense mining, tailing and smelting activities since centuries because of the presence of large and unique polymetallic ore deposits (Ag, Au, Cu, Pb, Sn, Sb, Zn). A large scale PM(10), PM(2.5) aerosol monitoring survey was conducted during the dry season in one of the largest mining cities of this region (Oruro, 200,000 inhabitants). Aerosol fractions, source distribution and transport were investigated for 23 elements at approximately 1 km(2) scale resolution, and compared to children exposure data obtained within the same geographical space. As, Cd, Pb, Sb, W and Zn in aerosols are present at relatively high concentrations when compared to studies from other mining regions. Arsenic exceeds the European council PM(10) guide value (6 ng/m(3)) for 90% of the samples, topping 200 ng/m(3). Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Sb are present at significantly higher levels in the district located in the vicinity of the smelter zone. At the city level, principal component analysis combined with the mapping of factor scores allowed the identification and deconvolution of four individual sources: i) a natural magmatic source (Co, Cs, Fe, K, Mn, Na, Rb and U) originating from soil dust, resuspended by the traffic activity; ii) a natural sedimentary source (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Th) resulting from the suspension of evaporative salt deposits located South; iii) an anthropogenic source specifically enriched in mined elements (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn) mainly in the smelting district of the city; and iv) a Ni-Cr source homogenously distributed between the different city districts. Enrichment factors for As, Cd and Sb clearly show the impact of smelting activities, particularly in the finest PM(2.5) fraction. Comparison to children's hair metal contents collected in five schools from different districts shows a direct exposure to smelting activity fingerprinted by a unique trace elements pattern (Ag, As, Cu, Pb, Sb).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Goix
- Université de Toulouse; IRD; CNRS; GET; F-31400 Toulouse, France.
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