1
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Koni M, Lopatina T, Grange C, Sarcinella A, Cedrino M, Bruno S, Buffolo F, Femminò S, Camussi G, Brizzi MF. Circulating extracellular vesicles derived from tumor endothelial cells hijack the local and systemic anti-tumor immune response: Role of mTOR/G-CSF pathway. Pharmacol Res 2023; 195:106871. [PMID: 37506784 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumour-derived extracellular vesicles are supposed to contribute to the spreading of distant metastasis. In this study, we investigated the impact of circulating extracellular vesicles derived from tumour-endothelial cells (TEVs) in the expansion of the metastatic bulk. We focus on the role of immune cells in controlling this process using the 4T1 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) syngeneic model. 4T1 cells were intravenously injected and exposed to circulating TEVs from day 7. The lung, spleen, and bone marrow (BM) were recovered and analysed. We demonstrated that circulating TEVs boost lung metastasis and angiogenesis. FACS and immunohistochemically analyses revealed a significant enrichment of Ly6G+/F4/80+/CD11b+ cells and Ly6G+/F4/80-/CD11b+ in the lung and in the spleen, while Ly6G+/F4/80-/CD11b+ in the BM, indicating the occurrence of a systemic and local immune suppression. TEV immune suppressive properties were further supported by the increased expression of PD-L1, PD-1, and iNOS in the tumour mass. In addition, in vitro experiments demonstrated an increase of CD11+ cells, PD-L1+ myeloid and cancer cells, upregulation of LAG3, CTLA4 and PD-1 in T-cells, release of ROS and NOS, and impaired T-cell-mediated cytotoxic effect in co-culture of TEVs-preconditioned PBMCs and cancer cells. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) level was increased in vivo, and was involved in reshaping the immune response. Mechanistically, we also found that mTOR enriched TEVs support G-CSF release and trigger the phosphorylation of the S6 (Ser235/236) mTOR downstream target. Overall, we provided evidence that circulating TEVs enriched in mTOR supported G-CSF release thereby granting tumour immune suppression and metastasis outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malvina Koni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Buffolo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Saveria Femminò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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2
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Granato G, Gesmundo I, Pedrolli F, Kasarla R, Begani L, Banfi D, Bruno S, Lopatina T, Brizzi MF, Cai R, Sha W, Ghigo E, Schally AV, Granata R. Growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonist MIA-602 inhibits inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and bacterial lipopolysaccharide synergism in macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1231363. [PMID: 37649486 PMCID: PMC10462983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1231363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response and macrophage hyperactivation, leading, in severe cases, to alveolar epithelial injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Recent studies have reported that SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein interacts with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to boost inflammatory responses in vitro, in macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and in vivo. The hypothalamic hormone growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), in addition to promoting pituitary GH release, exerts many peripheral functions, acting as a growth factor in both malignant and non-malignant cells. GHRH antagonists, in turn, display potent antitumor effects and antinflammatory activities in different cell types, including lung and endothelial cells. However, to date, the antinflammatory role of GHRH antagonists in COVID-19 remains unexplored. Here, we examined the ability of GHRH antagonist MIA-602 to reduce inflammation in human THP-1-derived macrophages and PBMCs stimulated with S protein and LPS combination. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis revealed the presence of GHRH receptor and its splice variant SV1 in both THP-1 cells and PBMCs. Exposure of THP-1 cells to S protein and LPS combination increased the mRNA levels and protein secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β, as well as IL-8 and MCP-1 gene expression, an effect hampered by MIA-602. Similarly, MIA-602 hindered TNF-α and IL-1β secretion in PBMCs and reduced MCP-1 mRNA levels. Mechanistically, MIA-602 blunted the S protein and LPS-induced activation of inflammatory pathways in THP-1 cells, such as NF-κB, STAT3, MAPK ERK1/2 and JNK. MIA-602 also attenuated oxidative stress in PBMCs, by decreasing ROS production, iNOS and COX-2 protein levels, and MMP9 activity. Finally, MIA-602 prevented the effect of S protein and LPS synergism on NF-кB nuclear translocation and activity. Overall, these findings demonstrate a novel antinflammatory role for GHRH antagonists of MIA class and suggest their potential development for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as COVID-19 and related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Granato
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Iacopo Gesmundo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Pedrolli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ramesh Kasarla
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Begani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dana Banfi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Renzhi Cai
- Endocrine, Polypeptide, and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
- South Florida VA Foundation for Research and Education, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Wei Sha
- Endocrine, Polypeptide, and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ezio Ghigo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrew V. Schally
- Endocrine, Polypeptide, and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
- South Florida VA Foundation for Research and Education, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Medical/Oncology and Endocrinology, and the Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Riccarda Granata
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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3
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Lopatina T, Grange C, Cavallari C, Navarro-Tableros V, Lombardo G, Rosso A, Cedrino M, Pomatto MAC, Koni M, Veneziano F, Castellano I, Camussi G, Brizzi MF. Correction: Targeting IL-3Rα on tumor-derived endothelial cells blunts metastatic spread of triple-negative breast cancer via extracellular vesicle reprogramming. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:38. [PMID: 37491339 PMCID: PMC10368711 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00483-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Giusy Lombardo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Arturo Rosso
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Malvina Koni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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4
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Gibello L, D'Antico S, Salafia M, Senetta R, Pomatto MAC, Orlando G, Sarcinella A, Lopatina T, Quaglino P, Lorenzi M, Verzini F, Camussi G, Brizzi MF. First pilot case-control interventional study using autologous extracellular vesicles to treat chronic venous ulcers unresponsive to conventional treatments. Pharmacol Res 2023; 190:106718. [PMID: 36878306 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Current therapeutic approaches for chronic venous ulcers (CVUs) still require evidence of effectiveness. Diverse sources of extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed for tissue regeneration, however the lack of potency tests, to predict in-vivo effectiveness, and a reliable scalability have delayed their clinical application. This study aimed to investigate whether autologous serum-derived EVs (s-EVs), recovered from patients with CVUs, may be a proper therapeutic approach to improve the healing process. A pilot case-control interventional study (CS2/1095/0090491) has been designed and s-EVs recovered from patients. Patient eligibility included two or more distinct chronic lesions in the same limb with 11 months as median persistence of active ulcer before enrollment. Patients were treated three times a week, for 2 weeks. Qualitative CVU analysis demonstrated that s-EVs-treated lesions displayed a higher percentage of granulation tissue compared to the control group (Sham) (s-EVs 3 out of 5: 75-100 % vs Sham: none), further confirmed at day 30. s-EVs-treated lesions also displayed higher sloughy tissue reduction at the end of treatment even increased at day 30. Additionally, s-EV treatment led to a median surface reduction of 151 mm2 compared to 84 mm2 in the Sham group, difference even more evident at day 30 (s-EVs 385 mm2vs Sham 106 mm2p = 0.004). Consistent with the enrichment of transforming growth factor-β1 in s-EVs, histological analyses showed a regenerative tissue with an increase in microvascular proliferation areas. This study first demonstrates the clinical effectiveness of autologous s-EVs in promoting the healing process of CVUs unresponsive to conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Gibello
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Politecnico of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sergio D'Antico
- Blood Bank, Molinette Hospital, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marika Salafia
- Blood Bank, Molinette Hospital, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rebecca Senetta
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza of Turin, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Orlando
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza of Turin, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Quaglino
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Lorenzi
- Blood Bank, Molinette Hospital, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Verzini
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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5
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Lopatina T, Sarcinella A, Brizzi MF. Tumour Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Challenging Target to Blunt Tumour Immune Evasion. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14164020. [PMID: 36011012 PMCID: PMC9406972 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14164020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumour onset and development occur because of specific immune support. The immune system, which is originally able to perceive and eliminate incipient cancer cells, becomes suppressed and hijacked by cancer. For these purposes, tumour cells use extracellular vesicles (TEVs). Specific molecular composition allows TEVs to reprogram immune cells towards tumour tolerance. Circulating TEVs move from their site of origin to other organs, preparing “a fertile soil” for metastasis formation. This implies that TEV molecular content can provide a valuable tool for cancer biomarker discovery and potential targets to reshape the immune system into tumour recognition and eradication. Abstract Control of the immune response is crucial for tumour onset and progression. Tumour cells handle the immune reaction by means of secreted factors and extracellular vesicles (EV). Tumour-derived extracellular vesicles (TEV) play key roles in immune reprogramming by delivering their cargo to different immune cells. Tumour-surrounding tissues also contribute to tumour immune editing and evasion, tumour progression, and drug resistance via locally released TEV. Moreover, the increase in circulating TEV has suggested their underpinning role in tumour dissemination. This review brings together data referring to TEV-driven immune regulation and antitumour immune suppression. Attention was also dedicated to TEV-mediated drug resistance.
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6
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Lopatina T, Widera D, Efimenko A. Editorial: Extracellular RNAs as Outside Regulators of Gene Expression in Homeostasis and Pathology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:818430. [PMID: 35071245 PMCID: PMC8770547 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.818430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Darius Widera
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Efimenko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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7
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Ravera F, Femmino' S, Penna C, Franchin L, Angelini F, Tapparo M, Lopatina T, Espolin Fladmark K, Alloatti G, Camussi G, D'Ascenzo F, Pagliaro P, Brizzi M. Endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles exert cardio-protective effect via their protein cargo. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are recognized as carriers of relevant biological effects and have been identified as regulators of cell-to-cell communication contributing to several patho-physiological processes. These processes include angiogenesis/coagulation/tissue repair/inflammation. In ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) settings, along with the direct effects of the I/R itself, paracrine mechanisms associated with the activation of the inflammatory response, primary involving endothelial cells, are crucial drivers of both vessel and cardiomyocyte damage.
Purpose
Since in models of myocardial I/R injury the role of EV released from endothelial cells is still unclear, our hypothesis was to provide insight on this specific topic. To this end, naïve endothelial cell (EC)-derived EV (eEV) and eEV released in response to the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-3 (IL-3) (eEV-IL-3) have been evaluated on different I/R models.
Methods
eEV were characterized by MACSPlex-Exosome-Kit and western blot analysis. For the in-vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) experiments, H9c2 or EC were pretreated with eEV, eEV-IL-3 (1x104 EV/cell) or IL-3 (10ng/ml) for 2 hours and then exposed to hypoxia (1% O2, 5% CO2) for additional 2 hours in the presence of eEV, eEV-IL-3 or IL-3 and subsequently reoxygenated (21% O2 and 5% CO2) for 1 hour. To verify the effect of EC treated with eEV, eEV-IL-3 or IL-3 on H9c2 and subjected to H/R protocol, transwell assay was used. At the end of the H/R protocol, cell viability was assessed. For ex-vivo experiments, isolated rat hearts, pretreated with a buffer containing EV (from EC pretreated or not with IL-3), were subjected to 30 minutes global normothermic ischemia and 1 hour reperfusion. Triton infusion was also used as a model of endothelial damage. At the end of I/R, the infarct size was measured and expressed as a percentage of total left ventricular mass (LVM). The role of eNOS/guanylyl-cyclase/MEK1/2 pathways in mediating eEV biological effects was also evaluated using different inhibitors both in in-vitro and ex-vivo models. Finally, protein profiles of eEV and eEV-IL-3 were analyzed using label free mass spectrometry.
Results
eEV and eEV-IL-3 protect EC, but not H9c2 exposed to H/R protocol, while eEV, but not eEV-IL-3-treatment limits I/R injury in the rat heart. Rat hearts pre-treated with triton significantly avoid eEV-induced cardio-protection. Transwell assay showed a reduction of H9C2 mortality after treatment with both eEV and eEV-IL-3. Proteomic analysis revealed that MEK1/2 and the endothelial-NOS (eNOS)-antagonist caveolin-1 were differentially expressed in eEV and eEV-IL-3. The use of eNOS/guanylyl-cyclase/MEK1/2 inhibitors prevented eEV-induced cardio-protection.
Conclusions
These observations indicate that eEV, but not eEV-IL-3, have cardio-protective effects when given as preconditioning agents. We have also shown that the activation of eNOS/GC/MEK1/2 pathway is crucial for eEV-mediated cardio-protection.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ravera
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - S Femmino'
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - C Penna
- University of Turin, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - L Franchin
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - F Angelini
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - M Tapparo
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - T Lopatina
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | | | - G Alloatti
- Uni-Astiss, Polo Universitario Rita Levi Montalcini, Asti, Italy
| | - G Camussi
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - F D'Ascenzo
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - P Pagliaro
- University of Turin, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Turin, Italy
| | - M.F Brizzi
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Turin, Italy
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8
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Lopatina T, Favaro E, Danilova L, Fertig EJ, Favorov AV, Kagohara LT, Martone T, Bussolati B, Romagnoli R, Albera R, Pecorari G, Brizzi MF, Camussi G, Gaykalova DA. Extracellular Vesicles Released by Tumor Endothelial Cells Spread Immunosuppressive and Transforming Signals Through Various Recipient Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:698. [PMID: 33015029 PMCID: PMC7509153 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a high recurrence and metastatic rate with an unknown mechanism of cancer spread. Tumor inflammation is the most critical processes of cancer onset, growth, and metastasis. We hypothesize that the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by tumor endothelial cells (TECs) induce reprogramming of immune cells as well as stromal cells to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment that favor tumor spread. We call this mechanism as non-metastatic contagious carcinogenesis. Extracellular vesicles were collected from primary HNSCC-derived endothelial cells (TEC-EV) and were used for stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and primary adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). Regulation of ASC gene expression was investigated by RNA sequencing and protein array. PBMC, stimulated with TEC-EV, were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We validated in vitro the effects of TEC-EV on ASCs or PBMC by measuring invasion, adhesion, and proliferation. We found and confirmed that TEC-EV were able to change ASC inflammatory gene expression signature within 24-48 h. TEC-EV were also able to enhance the secretion of TGF-β1 and IL-10 by PBMC and to increase T regulatory cell (Treg) expansion. TEC-EV carry specific proteins and RNAs that are responsible for Treg differentiation and immune suppression. ASCs and PBMC, treated with TEC-EV, enhanced proliferation, adhesion of tumor cells, and their invasion. These data indicate that TEC-EV exhibit a mechanism of non-metastatic contagious carcinogenesis that regulates tumor microenvironment and reprograms immune cells to sustain tumor growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrica Favaro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ludmila Danilova
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Laboratory of System Biology and Computational Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elana J Fertig
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexander V Favorov
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Laboratory of System Biology and Computational Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Luciane T Kagohara
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tiziana Martone
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Renato Romagnoli
- General Surgery 2U, Liver Transplantation Center, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Albera
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin School of Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pecorari
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin School of Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daria A Gaykalova
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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9
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Beltramo E, Mazzeo A, Lopatina T, Trento M, Porta M. Thiamine transporter 2 is involved in high glucose-induced damage and altered thiamine availability in cell models of diabetic retinopathy. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2020; 17:1479164119878427. [PMID: 31726874 PMCID: PMC7510357 DOI: 10.1177/1479164119878427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiamine prevents high glucose-induced damage in microvasculature, and progression of retinopathy and nephropathy in diabetic animals. Impaired thiamine availability causes renal damage in diabetic patients. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC19A3 locus encoding for thiamine transporter 2 are associated with absent/minimal diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy despite long-term type 1 diabetes. We investigated the involvement of thiamine transporter 1 and thiamine transporter 2, and their transcription factor specificity protein 1, in high glucose-induced damage and altered thiamine availability in cells of the inner blood-retinal barrier. Human endothelial cells, pericytes and Müller cells were exposed to hyperglycaemic-like conditions and/or thiamine deficiency/over-supplementation in single/co-cultures. Expression and localization of thiamine transporter 1, thiamine transporter 2 and transcription factor specificity protein 1 were evaluated together with intracellular thiamine concentration, transketolase activity and permeability to thiamine. The effects of thiamine depletion on cell function (viability, apoptosis and migration) were also addressed. Thiamine transporter 2 and transcription factor specificity protein 1 expression were modulated by hyperglycaemic-like conditions. Transketolase activity, intracellular thiamine and permeability to thiamine were decreased in cells cultured in thiamine deficiency, and in pericytes in hyperglycaemic-like conditions. Thiamine depletion reduced cell viability and proliferation, while thiamine over-supplementation compensated for thiamine transporter 2 reduction by restoring thiamine uptake and transketolase activity. High glucose and reduced thiamine determine impairment in thiamine transport inside retinal cells and through the inner blood-retinal barrier. Thiamine transporter 2 modulation in our cell models suggests its major role in thiamine transport in retinal cells and its involvement in high glucose-induced damage and impaired thiamine availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Beltramo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin,
Turin, Italy
| | - Aurora Mazzeo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin,
Turin, Italy
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin,
Turin, Italy
| | - Marina Trento
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin,
Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Porta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin,
Turin, Italy
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10
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Burrello J, Gai C, Tetti M, Lopatina T, Deregibus MC, Veglio F, Mulatero P, Camussi G, Monticone S. Characterization and Gene Expression Analysis of Serum-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Primary Aldosteronism. Hypertension 2019; 74:359-367. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients affected by primary aldosteronism (PA) display an increased risk of cardiovascular events compared with essential hypertension (EH). Endothelial dysfunction favors initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), reflecting endothelial cell activity, could represent one of the mediators of endothelial dysfunction in these patients. The aim of this study was to characterize circulating EVs from patients diagnosed with PA and to explore their functional significance. Serum EVs were isolated from 12 patients with PA and 12 with EH, matched by sex, age, and blood pressure, and compared with 8 normotensive controls. At nanoparticle tracking analysis, EVs concentration was 2.2× higher in patients with PA (
P
=0.033) compared with EH and a significant correlation between EV number and serum aldosterone and potassium levels was identified. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis demonstrated that patients with PA presented a higher absolute number of endothelial-derived EVs compared with both patients with EH and normotensive controls. Through EV mRNA profiling, 15 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated genes in patients with PA compared with EH were identified; moreover,
EDN1
was expressed only in patients with PA. Microarray platform was validated by quantative real-time polymerase chain reaction on 4 genes (
CASP1
,
EDN1
,
F2R
, and
HMOX1
) involved in apoptosis, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. After unilateral adrenalectomy, EVs number and expression of
CASP1
and
EDN1
significantly decreased in patients with PA (
P
<0.05). Additionally, the incubation with PA-derived EVs reduced angiogenesis and induced apoptosis in vitro. Circulating EVs might not only represent a marker of endothelial dysfunction but also contribute themselves to vascular dysfunction in patients with PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Burrello
- From the Division of Internal Medicine 4 and Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences (J.B., M.T., F.V., P.M., S.M.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Gai
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (C.G., T.L., M.C.D., G.C.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Tetti
- From the Division of Internal Medicine 4 and Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences (J.B., M.T., F.V., P.M., S.M.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (C.G., T.L., M.C.D., G.C.), University of Turin, Italy
| | | | - Franco Veglio
- From the Division of Internal Medicine 4 and Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences (J.B., M.T., F.V., P.M., S.M.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Mulatero
- From the Division of Internal Medicine 4 and Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences (J.B., M.T., F.V., P.M., S.M.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (C.G., T.L., M.C.D., G.C.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Monticone
- From the Division of Internal Medicine 4 and Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences (J.B., M.T., F.V., P.M., S.M.), University of Turin, Italy
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11
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Lopatina T, Kalinina N, Karagyaur M, Stambolsky D, Rubina K, Revischin A, Pavlova G, Parfyonova Y, Tkachuk V. Correction: Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Stimulate Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves: BDNF Secreted by These Cells Promotes Nerve Healing and Axon Growth De Novo. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219946. [PMID: 31299059 PMCID: PMC6625725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017899.].
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12
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Mazzeo A, Lopatina T, Gai C, Trento M, Porta M, Beltramo E. Functional analysis of miR-21-3p, miR-30b-5p and miR-150-5p shuttled by extracellular vesicles from diabetic subjects reveals their association with diabetic retinopathy. Exp Eye Res 2019; 184:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Oskina N, Lopatina T, Anishchenko O, Zadereev E. High Resistance of Resting Eggs of Cladoceran Moina macrocopa to the Effect of Heavy Metals. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2019; 102:335-340. [PMID: 30353307 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The research aimed to determine critical concentrations of heavy metals at which survival of resting eggs of the cladoceran Moina macrocopa is negatively affected. Resting eggs' viability was not affected over a 30-days exposure towards copper, cadmium, zinc or nickel at concentrations up to 60-70 g/L. When resting eggs were exposed to sediment contaminated with heavy metals for 8 months, the hatching success was affected at 30 g copper/kg. Thus, resting eggs of Cladocera can tolerate heavy metals at concentrations that far exceed lethal concentrations of heavy metals to active life stage and exceed low or moderate levels of environmental pollution. Follow up investigation of life table parameters of hatchlings from resting eggs exposed to heavy metals demonstrated that neither lifespan nor fecundity of hatchlings differ from control animals. These results demonstrate that zooplankton may rapidly recover from resting egg bank once aquatic habitat becomes unpolluted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Oskina
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Centre Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
- Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodniy Ave, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Centre Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Olesya Anishchenko
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Centre Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Egor Zadereev
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Centre Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
- Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodniy Ave, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia.
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14
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Mazzeo A, Beltramo E, Lopatina T, Gai C, Trento M, Porta M. Molecular and functional characterization of circulating extracellular vesicles from diabetic patients with and without retinopathy and healthy subjects. Exp Eye Res 2018; 176:69-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Lopatina T, Grange C, Fonsato V, Tapparo M, Brossa A, Fallo S, Pitino A, Herrera-Sanchez MB, Kholia S, Camussi G, Bussolati B. Extracellular vesicles from human liver stem cells inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:322-333. [PMID: 30110127 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human liver stem-like cells (HLSC) and derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) were previously shown to exhibit anti-tumor activity. In our study, we investigated whether HLSC-derived EVs (HLSC-EVs) were able to inhibit tumor angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, in comparison with EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs). The results obtained indicated that HLSC-EVs, but not MSC-EVs, inhibited the angiogenic properties of tumor-derived endothelial cells (TEC) both in vitro and in vivo in a model of subcutaneous implantation in Matrigel. Treatment of TEC with HLSC-EVs led to the down-regulation of pro-angiogenic genes. Since HLSC-EVs carry a specific set of microRNAs (miRNAs) that could target these genes, we investigated their potential role by transfecting TEC with HLSC-EV specific miRNAs. We observed that four miRNAs, namely miR-15a, miR-181b, miR-320c and miR-874, significantly inhibited the angiogenic properties of TEC in vitro, and decreased the expression of some predicted target genes (ITGB3, FGF1, EPHB4 and PLAU). In parallel, TEC treated with HLSC-EVs significantly enhanced expression of miR-15a, miR-181b, miR-320c and miR-874 associated with the down-regulation of FGF1 and PLAU. In summary, HLSC-EVs possess an anti-tumorigenic effect, based on their ability to inhibit tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Fonsato
- 2i3T, Società per la gestione dell'incubatore di imprese e per il trasferimento tecnologico, Scarl, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Tapparo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Brossa
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sofia Fallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriana Pitino
- 2i3T, Società per la gestione dell'incubatore di imprese e per il trasferimento tecnologico, Scarl, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Beatriz Herrera-Sanchez
- 2i3T, Società per la gestione dell'incubatore di imprese e per il trasferimento tecnologico, Scarl, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sharad Kholia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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16
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Zadereev E, Lopatina T, Oskina N, Zotina T, Petrichenkov M, Dementyev D. Gamma irradiation of resting eggs of Moina macrocopa affects individual and population performance of hatchlings. J Environ Radioact 2017; 175-176:126-134. [PMID: 28527881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of γ-radiation on the survival of resting eggs of the cladoceran Moina macrocopa, on the parameters of the life cycle of neonates hatched from the irradiated eggs and on the performance of the population initiated from irradiated eggs. The study showed that γ-radiation in a range of doses from the background level to 100 Gy had no effect on survival of irradiated eggs. The absorbed dose of 200 Gy was lethal to resting eggs of M. macrocopa. The number of clutches and net reproductive rate (R0) of hatchlings from eggs exposed to radiation were the strongly affected parameters in experiments with individual females. The number of clutches per female was drastically reduced for females hatched from egg exposed to 80-100 Gy. The most sensitive parameter was the R0. The estimated ED50 for the R0 (effective dose that induces 50% R0 reduction) was 50 Gy. Population performance was also affected by the irradiation of the resting stage of animals that initiated population. Populations that was initiated from hatchlings from resting eggs exposed to 100 Gy was of smaller size and with fewer juvenile and parthenogenetic females in comparison with control populations. Thus, we determined the dose-response relationship for the effect of gamma radiation on survival of resting eggs and individual and population responses of hatchlings from irradiated resting eggs. We conclude that for highly polluted areas contamination of bottom sediments with radioactive materials could affect zooplankton communities through adverse chronic effects on resting eggs, which will be transmitted to hatchlings at individual or population levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor Zadereev
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Centre Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia; Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodniy Ave., Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Centre Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Natalia Oskina
- Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodniy Ave., Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
| | - Tatiana Zotina
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Centre Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Mikhail Petrichenkov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 11 Akademika Lavrent'eva Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry Dementyev
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Centre Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
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17
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Beltramo E, Lopatina T, Mazzeo A, Arroba AI, Valverde AM, Hernández C, Simó R, Porta M. Effects of the neuroprotective drugs somatostatin and brimonidine on retinal cell models of diabetic retinopathy. Acta Diabetol 2016; 53:957-964. [PMID: 27552833 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-016-0895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic retinopathy is considered a microvascular disease, but recent evidence has underlined early involvement of the neuroretina with interactions between microvascular and neural alterations. Topical administration of somatostatin (SST), a neuroprotective molecule with antiangiogenic properties, prevents diabetes-induced retinal neurodegeneration in animals. The α2-adrenergic receptor agonist brimonidine (BRM) decreases vitreoretinal vascular endothelial growth factor and inhibits blood-retinal barrier breakdown in diabetic rats. However, SST and BRM effects on microvascular cells have not yet been studied. We investigated the behaviour of these drugs on the crosstalk between microvasculature and neuroretina. METHODS Expression of SST receptors 1-5 in human retinal pericytes (HRP) was checked. We subsequently evaluated the effects of diabetic-like conditions (high glucose and/or hypoxia) with/without SST/BRM on HRP survival. Endothelial cells (EC) and photoreceptors were maintained in the above conditions and their conditioned media (CM) used to culture HRP. Vice versa, HRP-CM was used on EC and photoreceptors. Survival parameters were assessed. RESULTS HRP express the SST receptor 1 (SSTR1). Glucose fluctuations mimicking those occurring in diabetic subjects are more damaging for pericytes and photoreceptors than stable high glucose and hypoxic conditions. SST/BRM added to HRP in diabetic-like conditions decrease EC apoptosis. However, neither SST nor BRM changed the response of pericytes and neuroretina-vascular crosstalk under diabetic-like conditions. CONCLUSIONS Retinal pericytes express SSTR1, indicating that they can be a target for SST. Exposure to SST/BRM had no adverse effects, direct or mediated by the neuroretina, suggesting that these molecules could be safely evaluated for the treatment of ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Beltramo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso AM Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso AM Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Aurora Mazzeo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso AM Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Ana I Arroba
- Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute (IIBm) (CSIC/UAM), C/Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERdem), ISCIII, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela M Valverde
- Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute (IIBm) (CSIC/UAM), C/Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERdem), ISCIII, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERdem), ISCIII, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERdem), ISCIII, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (VHIR), Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Massimo Porta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso AM Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
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18
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Lopatina T, Gai C, Deregibus MC, Kholia S, Camussi G. Cross Talk between Cancer and Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Extracellular Vesicles Carrying Nucleic Acids. Front Oncol 2016; 6:125. [PMID: 27242964 PMCID: PMC4876347 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered to be a novel complex mechanism of cell communication within the tumor microenvironment. EVs may act as vehicles for transcription factors and nucleic acids inducing epigenetic changes in recipient cells. Since tumor EVs may be present in patient biological fluids, it is important to investigate their function and molecular mechanisms of action. It has been shown that tumor cells release EVs, which are capable of regulating cell apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as well as to suppress activity of immune cells, to enhance angiogenesis, and to prepare a favorable microenvironment for metastasis. On the other hand, EVs derived from stromal cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), may influence the phenotype of tumor cells through reciprocal cross talk greatly influenced by the transcription factors and nucleic acids they carry. In particular, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs and long ncRNAs, have recently been identified as the main candidates for the phenotypic changes induced in the recipient cells by EVs. ncRNAs, which are important regulators of mRNA and protein expression, can function either as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes, depending on their targets. Herein, we have attempted to revise actual evidence reported in the literature on the role of EVs in tumor biology with particular regard to the cross talk of ncRNAs between cancer cells and MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Chiara Gai
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Deregibus
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Sharad Kholia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino , Italy
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19
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Kholia S, Ranghino A, Garnieri P, Lopatina T, Deregibus MC, Rispoli P, Brizzi MF, Camussi G. Extracellular vesicles as new players in angiogenesis. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 86:64-70. [PMID: 27013016 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that small vesicles actively released from cells may encapsulate transcriptional regulators and RNA molecules. Their ability to interact with neighbouring cells and/or with distant cells through biological fluids, makes them a medium through which intercellular exchange of information can happen. Recently, membrane vesicles, which include exosomes and microvesicles, gained a place amongst the vast group of angiogenic mediators. In the present review we discuss the potential relevance of these vesicles in physiological and pathological situations of angiogenesis as well as their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Kholia
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Ranghino
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Garnieri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Deregibus
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Rispoli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Felice Brizzi
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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20
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Efimenko A, Sagaradze G, Akopyan Z, Lopatina T, Kalinina N. Data supporting that miR-92a suppresses angiogenic activity of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells by down-regulating hepatocyte growth factor. Data Brief 2015; 6:295-310. [PMID: 26862575 PMCID: PMC4706626 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2015.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This article contains the full list of miRNAs expressed in cultured mesenchymal stromal cells, which were isolated from human adipose tissue. We provide here data regarding the effect of miR-92a overexpression on MSCs viability and cellular content of HGF and angiopoietin-1. These are followed by the data regarding the effect of conditioned medium of MSC transfected with pre-miR-92a, anti-miR-92a or scramble oligos on HUVEC viability as well as their tube formation efficiency. We also demonstrate here data regarding the effect of extracellular vesicle depletion from MSCs conditioned medium on its ability to stimulate the tube formation by HUVEC. Data interpretation and discussion can be found in Kalinina et al. (2015) [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastassia Efimenko
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5, Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia
| | - Georgiy Sagaradze
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5, Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia
| | - Zhanna Akopyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5, Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5, Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia
| | - Natalia Kalinina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5, Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia
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21
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Kalinina N, Klink G, Glukhanyuk E, Lopatina T, Efimenko A, Akopyan Z, Tkachuk V. miR-92a regulates angiogenic activity of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Exp Cell Res 2015; 339:61-6. [PMID: 26477824 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells including those from adipose tissue (MSCs) regulate angiogenesis in adult tissues. MicroRNAs (miRs), small noncoding RNAs that control gene expression by binding to target mRNAs, reducing their stability and/or inhibiting translation, appear to be important regulators of blood vessel growth. In this study, we examined the impact of angio-miRs on paracrine activities of MSCs. Using Illumina microarrays we found that miR-92a is one of the most abundant angio-miRs in human MSCs. We transfected MSC with pre-miR-92a or anti-miR-92a which led to the coordinated changes of known miR-92a target mRNA levels. Then we tested the ability of conditioned medium from transfected cells to stimulate tube formation by HUVECs. MSC overexpressing miR-92a completely lost the ability to stimulate tubes formation by endothelial cells. However, knocking-out miR-92a by transfection with anti-miR-92a did not increase the ability of MSC to stimulate tube formation. Secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and angiopoetin-1 was significantly lower in the medium of miR-92a overexpressing MSC, whereas VEGF secretion did not change significantly. The replenishment of HGF but not angiopoietin-1 has restored the ability of conditioned medium from miR-92a overexpressing MSC to stimulate the tube formation. We conclude that overexpression of miR-92a in MSC suppresses angiogenic properties of these cells by down-regulation of HGF secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kalinina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5 Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia.
| | - Galina Klink
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5 Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia.
| | - Eugeniy Glukhanyuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5 Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia.
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5 Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia.
| | - Anastassia Efimenko
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5 Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia.
| | - Zhanna Akopyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5 Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia.
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 31-5 Lomonosovsky av, Moscow 119191 Russia.
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Kapustin AN, Kalinina N, Lopatina T, Davidson SM, Iraci N, Tamkovich S, Smyth L, Ter-Ovanesyan D, Evtushenko EG, Savelieva O, Bertazzo S, Aushev V, Dragovic R, Gracia T, Heck M, Parfyonova YV, Shanahan CM, Tkachuk V. UK-Russia Researcher Links Workshop: extracellular vesicles - mechanisms of biogenesis and roles in disease pathogenesis, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 1-5 March 2015. J Extracell Vesicles 2015; 4:28094. [PMID: 25979355 PMCID: PMC4433487 DOI: 10.3402/jev.v4.28094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Kalinina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Lopatina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nunzio Iraci
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Svetlana Tamkovich
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lesley Smyth
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dmitry Ter-Ovanesyan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Olga Savelieva
- Biotechnology Business Incubator, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergio Bertazzo
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Vassiliy Aushev
- Carcinogenesis Institute, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rebecca Dragovic
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tannia Gracia
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Margarete Heck
- Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Porta M, Schellino F, Montanaro M, Baltatescu A, Borio L, Lopatina T, Trento M, Dalmasso P, Cavallo F. Prevalence of retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes diagnosed before and after puberty. Acta Diabetol 2014; 51:1049-54. [PMID: 25348358 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-014-0671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There is conflicting evidence to support the concept that the years with diabetes preceding puberty may not contribute to the development of vascular complications. In this paper, duration-related prevalence of retinopathy was compared in patients who developed type 1 diabetes before and after pubertal age. METHODS Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 1,483 patients was screened for retinopathy in 1991-2010, with diabetes onset at age ≤29, who were on insulin treatment and aged ≤60. Prepubertal age was defined as 0-12 in males and 0-11 in females. RESULTS A total of 647 patients had developed diabetes before and 836 after puberty. Cumulative prevalence of retinopathy was initially lower among those with prepubertal onset diabetes but rates became superimposable after 20-year duration. Patients with prepubertal onset diabetes had higher lifetime HbA1c and lower blood pressure than those who became diabetic after puberty. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Retinopathy is infrequent during childhood and develops later than in patients with post-pubertal onset diabetes. After 20-year duration, however, retinopathy becomes just as prevalent suggesting that, in the long term, prepubertal years do contribute to the development of retinopathy. In this series, higher blood pressure may have played a role in the earlier appearance of retinopathy in patients with diabetes onset after puberty, whereas worse metabolic control may have contributed to the late "catch-up" effect in those with prepubertal onset disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Porta
- Diabetic Retinopathy Centre, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso AM Dogliotti 14, I-10126, Turin, Italy,
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Beltramo E, Lopatina T, Berrone E, Mazzeo A, Iavello A, Camussi G, Porta M. Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells induce features of diabetic retinopathy in vitro. Acta Diabetol 2014; 51:1055-64. [PMID: 25374383 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-014-0672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Loss of pericytes in the early phases of diabetic retinopathy (DR) may disrupt their stable association with endothelial cells (EC), leading to EC proliferation and, eventually, angiogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EV) are small membrane particles derived from different cells which contain biologically active proteins and RNA and are known to promote phenotypic changes in target cells. In diabetic-like conditions, EV derived from MSC may play a role in vessel destabilization by interfering with the strict interactions between EC/pericytes and pericyte/extracellular matrix. METHODS We examined the behaviour of retinal pericytes exposed to EV derived from MSC cultured in physiological and diabetic-like conditions (high glucose and/or hypoxia). RESULTS MSC-derived EV are able to enter the pericytes, cause their detachment and migration from the substrate, and increase blood-barrier permeability. Moreover, EV added to EC/pericytes co-cultures in Matrigel promote in vitro angiogenesis. These effects may be mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-2, expressed by both EV and EV-stimulated pericytes, and are exacerbated if MSC are previously cultured in conditions (high glucose and/or hypoxia) mimicking the diabetic microvascular milieu. CONCLUSIONS We confirm that MSC-derived EV contribute to angiogenesis, showing that they may not only exert a direct stimulus to EC proliferation, but also induce pericyte detachment, thus leaving EC free to proliferate. In addition, we demonstrate a possible link between EV and the early stages of the pathogenesis of DR. Diabetic-like conditions may influence vessel remodelling during angiogenesis through EV paracrine signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Beltramo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy,
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Lopatina T, Bruno S, Tetta C, Kalinina N, Porta M, Camussi G. Platelet-derived growth factor regulates the secretion of extracellular vesicles by adipose mesenchymal stem cells and enhances their angiogenic potential. Cell Commun Signal 2014; 12:26. [PMID: 24725987 PMCID: PMC4022079 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-12-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies demonstrate the role of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in angiogenesis. The angiogenic mechanism has been ascribed to paracrine factors since these cells secrete a plenty of signal molecules and growth factors. Recently it has been suggested that besides soluble factors, extracellular vesicles (EVs) that include exosomes and microvesicles may play a major role in cell-to-cell communication. It has been shown that EVs are implicated in the angiogenic process. RESULTS Herein we studied whether EVs released by ASCs may mediate the angiogenic activity of these cells. Our results demonstrated that ASC-derived EVs induced in vitro vessel-like structure formation by human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC). EV-stimulated HMEC when injected subcutaneously within Matrigel in SCID mice formed vessels. Treatment of ASCs with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulated the secretion of EVs, changed their protein composition and enhanced the angiogenic potential. At variance of EVs released in basal conditions, PDGF-EVs carried c-kit and SCF that played a role in angiogenesis as specific blocking antibodies inhibited in vitro vessel-like structure formation. The enhanced content of matrix metalloproteinases in PDGF-EVs may also account for their angiogenic activity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that EVs released by ASCs may contribute to the ASC-induced angiogenesis and suggest that PDGF may trigger the release of EVs with an enhanced angiogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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Pavlova G, Lopatina T, Kalinina N, Rybalkina E, Parfyonova Y, Tkachuk V, Revishchin A. In vitro neuronal induction of adipose-derived stem cells and their fate after transplantation into injured mouse brain. Curr Med Chem 2013; 19:5170-7. [PMID: 22934763 DOI: 10.2174/092986712803530557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of substances known as inducers of neuronal differentiation on cultured human and mouse adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and their fate after transplantation into the injured and ischemic mouse brains were studied. ASCs were isolated from the human and mouse adipose tissue. Inducers of neuronal differentiation included β-mercaptoethanol, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GNDF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), retinoic acid (RA), 5-azacytidine, as well as their combinations. Three days after the induction, the phenotype of the induced cells was analyzed using immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR assay for differential expression of specific genes. The induction efficiency was evaluated by the increased transcription of neuronal differentiation markers: nestin, β-III-tubulin (Tub-B), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), and neuron-specific enolase (ENO2). The expression of marker genes was tested by immunocytochemical analysis. ASC cultivation in the medium with RA or BDNF in combination with 5- azacytidine for a week increased the mRNA and protein levels of nestin, Tub-B, and ENO2. The transplantation of induced mouse ASCs into the mouse brain increased the lifespan of the cells relative to control uninduced cells and promoted their migration from the transplantation site to the recipient cerebral parenchyma. The transplantation of the induced cells into the mouse brain pre-exposed to endothelin- 1 promoted a more active cell migration into the surrounding ischemic brain tissue. Thus, ASC exposure to RA or BDNF in combination with 5-azacytidine elevated the transcription of the neuronal differentiation markers and improved the viability and integration of ASCs grafted into the mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pavlova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34 Vavilov st. 119334, Russian Federation.
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Lopatina T, Kalinina N, Karagyaur M, Stambolsky D, Rubina K, Revischin A, Pavlova G, Parfyonova Y, Tkachuk V. Adipose-derived stem cells stimulate regeneration of peripheral nerves: BDNF secreted by these cells promotes nerve healing and axon growth de novo. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17899. [PMID: 21423756 PMCID: PMC3056777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) induces tissue regeneration by accelerating the growth of blood vessels and nerve. However, mechanisms by which they accelerate the growth of nerve fibers are only partially understood. We used transplantation of ASCs with subcutaneous matrigel implants (well-known in vivo model of angiogenesis) and model of mice limb reinnervation to check the influence of ASC on nerve growth. Here we show that ASCs stimulate the regeneration of nerves in innervated mice's limbs and induce axon growth in subcutaneous matrigel implants. To investigate the mechanism of this action we analyzed different properties of these cells and showed that they express numerous genes of neurotrophins and extracellular matrix proteins required for the nerve growth and myelination. Induction of neural differentiation of ASCs enhances production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as ability of these cells to induce nerve fiber growth. BDNF neutralizing antibodies abrogated the stimulatory effects of ASCs on the growth of nerve sprouts. These data suggest that ASCs induce nerve repair and growth via BDNF production. This stimulatory effect can be further enhanced by culturing the cells in neural differentiation medium prior to transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lopatina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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