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Sadowska M, Nattich-Rak M, Morga M, Adamczyk Z, Basinska T, Mickiewicz D, Gadzinowski M. Anisotropic Particle Deposition Kinetics from Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurements: Beyond the Sphere Paradigm. Langmuir 2024; 40:7907-7919. [PMID: 38578865 PMCID: PMC11025136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Deposition kinetics of polymer particles characterized by a prolate spheroid shape on gold sensors modified by the adsorption of poly(allylamine) was investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance and atomic force microscopy. Reference measurements were also performed for polymer particles of a spherical shape and the same diameter as the spheroid shorter axis. Primarily, the frequency and dissipation shifts for various overtones were measured as a function of time. These kinetic data were transformed into the dependence of the complex impedance, scaled up by the inertia impedance, upon the particle size to the hydrodynamic boundary layer ratio. The results obtained for low particle coverage were interpolated, which enabled the derivation of Sauerbrey-like equations, yielding the real particle coverage using the experimental frequency or dissipation (bandwidth) shifts. Experiments carried out for a long deposition time confirmed that, for spheroids, the imaginary and real impedance components were equal to each other for all overtones and for a large range of particle coverage. This result was explained in terms of a hydrodynamic, lubrication-like contact of particles with the sensor, enabling their sliding motion. In contrast, the experimental data obtained for spheres, where the impedance ratio was a complicated function of overtones and particle coverage, showed that the contact was rather stiff, preventing their motion over the sensor. It was concluded that results obtained in this work can be exploited as useful reference systems for a quantitative interpretation of bioparticle, especially bacteria, deposition kinetics on macroion-modified surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sadowska
- Jerzy
Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Nattich-Rak
- Jerzy
Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Morga
- Jerzy
Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Adamczyk
- Jerzy
Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Henryka Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Damian Mickiewicz
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Henryka Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gadzinowski
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Henryka Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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Otulakowski Ł, Kasprow M, Gadzinowski M, Slomkowski S, Makowski T, Basinska T, Forys A, Godzierz M, Trzebicka B. Influence of hydrophilic block length on the aggregation properties of polyglycidol-polystyrene-polyglycidol copolymers. Soft Matter 2024; 20:546-557. [PMID: 38126407 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic triblock copolymers, polyglycidol-polystyrene-polyglycidol (PGL-PS-PGL), were synthesised via anionic polymerization starting from the synthesis of a polystyrene macroinitiator with 60 styrene units in the block terminated by ethylene oxide. Poly(ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether) blocks of different lengths were created on both sides of the macroinitiator. By removing the ethoxyethyl blocking groups, PGL-PS-PGL copolymers containing polyglycidol blocks with DP 11, 23, 44 and 63 were received. Their structures were determined by NMR and FTIR. The hydrophilicity of PLG-PS-PGL films was studied upon exposure to water vapour. To perform the copolymers' aggregation in water, the samples were dialysed from DMF into water. The critical concentration of their micellisation (CMC) was determined by measuring the absorbance of the 1,6-diphenylhexa-1,3,5-triene (DPH) probe and the intensity of light scattered by the copolymers' solution as a function of concentration. CMC values increased with increasing the number of hydrophilic glycidol units in the copolymer chain. The sizes of aggregates formed slightly above the critical concentration were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS), and particles were imaged by cryo-TEM. Cryo-TEM pictures showed the presence of regular micelles in copolymer dispersions. For copolymers with shorter PGL chains aggregated partices were detected. Moreover, cryo-TEM demonstrated that the copolymers with a polyglycidol block of DP = 63 formed regular spherical micelles that formed 2D ordered organisation on the surface. X-ray measurements showed the formation of a partially crystallised PS core in the micelle's interior. The aggregates of all copolymers were stable. Their sizes did not change after one year of storage. The particles did not disassociate even after diluting their dispersions to a concentration 10 times lower than the critical concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Otulakowski
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland.
| | - Maciej Kasprow
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Gadzinowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Makowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksander Forys
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland.
| | - Marcin Godzierz
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland.
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland.
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Adamczyk Z, Pomorska A, Sadowska M, Nattich-Rak M, Morga M, Basinska T, Mickiewicz D, Gadzinowski M. QCM-D Investigations of Anisotropic Particle Deposition Kinetics: Evidences of the Hydrodynamic Slip Mechanisms. Anal Chem 2022; 94:10234-10244. [PMID: 35776925 PMCID: PMC9310025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Deposition kinetics
of positively charged polymer microparticles,
characterized by prolate spheroid shape, at silica and gold sensors
was investigated using the quartz microbalance (QCM) technique. Reference
measurements were also performed for positively charged polymer particles
of spherical shape and the same mass as the spheroids. Primarily,
the frequency and bandwidth shifts for various overtones were measured
as a function of time. It is shown that the ratio of these signals
is close to unity for all overtones. These results were converted
to the dependence of the frequency shift on the particle coverage,
directly determined by atomic force microscopy and theoretically interpreted
in terms of the hydrodynamic model. A quantitative agreement with
experiments was attained considering particle slip relative to the
ambient oscillating flow. In contrast, the theoretical results pertinent
to the rigid contact model proved inadequate. The particle deposition
kinetics derived from the QCM method was compared with theoretical
modeling performed according to the random sequential adsorption approach.
This allowed to assess the feasibility of the QCM technique to furnish
proper deposition kinetics for anisotropic particles. It is argued
that the hydrodynamic slip effect should be considered in the interpretation
of QCM kinetic results acquired for bioparticles, especially viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Adamczyk
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, Krakow 30 - 239, Poland
| | - Agata Pomorska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, Krakow 30 - 239, Poland
| | - Marta Sadowska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, Krakow 30 - 239, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Nattich-Rak
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, Krakow 30 - 239, Poland
| | - Maria Morga
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, Krakow 30 - 239, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Henryka Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz 90-363, Poland
| | - Damian Mickiewicz
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Henryka Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz 90-363, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gadzinowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Henryka Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz 90-363, Poland
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Gadzinowski M, Kasprów M, Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Otulakowski Ł, Trzebicka B, Makowski T. Synthesis, Hydrophilicity and Micellization of Coil-Brush Polystyrene- b-(polyglycidol- g-polyglycidol) Copolymer-Comparison with Linear Polystyrene- b-polyglycidol. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:253. [PMID: 35054660 PMCID: PMC8778311 DOI: 10.3390/polym14020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, an original method of synthesis of Coil-Brush amphiphilic polystyrene-b-(polyglycidol-g-polyglycidol) (PS-b-(PGL-g-PGL)) block copolymers was developed. The hypothesis that their hydrophilicity and micellization can be controlled by polyglycidol blocks architecture was verified. The research enabled comparison of behavior in water of PS-b-PGL copolymers and block-brush copolymers PS-b-(PGL-g-PGL) with similar composition. The Coil-Brush copolymers were composed of PS-b-PGL linear core with average DPn of polystyrene 29 and 13 of polyglycidol blocks. The DPn of polyglycidol side blocks of coil-b-brush copolymers were 2, 7, and 11, respectively. The copolymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, GPC, and FTIR methods. The hydrophilicity of films from the linear and Coil-Brush copolymers was determined by water contact angle measurements in static conditions. The behavior of Coil-Brush copolymers in water and their critical micellization concentration (CMC) were determined by UV-VIS using 1,6-diphenylhexa-1,3,5-trien (DPH) as marker and by DLS. The CMC values for brush copolymers were much higher than for linear species with similar PGL content. The results of the copolymer film wettability and the copolymer self-assembly studies were related to fraction of hydrophilic polyglycidol. The CMC for both types of polymers increased exponentially with increasing content of polyglycidol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Gadzinowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (T.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Maciej Kasprów
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.K.); (Ł.O.); (B.T.)
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (T.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (T.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Łukasz Otulakowski
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.K.); (Ł.O.); (B.T.)
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.K.); (Ł.O.); (B.T.)
| | - Tomasz Makowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (T.B.); (T.M.)
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5
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Wacinski P, Gadzinowski M, Dabrowski W, Szumilo J, Wacinski J, Oru N, Vicaut E, Czuczwar S, Kocki J, Basinska T, Slomkowski S. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Very High Dose Local Vessel Wall Statin Administration: Poly(L,L-Lactide) Biodegradable Microspheres with Simvastatin for Drug Delivery System (DDS). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7486. [PMID: 34299106 PMCID: PMC8303821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis involves an ongoing inflammatory response of the vascular endothelium and vessel wall of the aorta and vein. The pleiotropic effects of statins have been well described in many in vitro and in vivo studies, but these effects are difficult to achieve in clinical practice due to the low bioavailability of statins and their first-pass metabolism in the liver. The aim of this study was to test a vessel wall local drug delivery system (DDS) using PLA microstructures loaded with simvastatin. Wistar rats were fed high cholesterol chow as a model. The rat vessels were chemically injured by repeated injections of perivascular paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil. The vessels were then cultured and treated by the injection of several concentrations of poly(L,L-lactide) microparticles loaded with the high local HMG-CoA inhibitor simvastatin (0.58 mg/kg) concentration (SVPLA). Histopathological examinations of the harvested vessels and vital organs after 24 h, 7 days and 4 weeks were performed. Microcirculation in mice as an additional test was performed to demonstrate the safety of this approach. A single dose of SVPLA microspheres with an average diameter of 6.4 μm and a drug concentration equal to 8.1% of particles limited the inflammatory reaction of the endothelium and vessel wall and had no influence on microcirculation in vivo or in vitro. A potent pleiotropic (anti-inflammatory) effect of simvastatin after local SVPLA administration was observed. Moreover, significant concentrations of free simvastatin were observed in the vessel wall (compared to the maximum serum level). In addition, it appeared that simvastatin, once locally administered as SVPLA particles, exerted potent pleiotropic effects on chemically injured vessels and presented anti-inflammatory action. Presumably, this effect was due to the high local concentrations of simvastatin. No local or systemic side effects were observed. This approach could be useful for local simvastatin DDSs when high, local drug concentrations are difficult to obtain, or systemic side effects are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Wacinski
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gadzinowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dabrowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Szumilo
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Wacinski
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Nathalie Oru
- Fernand Vidal Hospital, Universite de Médecine Paris 7, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Eric Vicaut
- Fernand Vidal Hospital, Universite de Médecine Paris 7, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Stanislaw Czuczwar
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Kocki
- Department of Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska 18, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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6
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Basinska T, Gadzinowski M, Mickiewicz D, Slomkowski S. Functionalized Particles Designed for Targeted Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2022. [PMID: 34205672 PMCID: PMC8234925 DOI: 10.3390/polym13122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure bioactive compounds alone can only be exceptionally administered in medical treatment. Usually, drugs are produced as various forms of active compounds and auxiliary substances, combinations assuring the desired healing functions. One of the important drug forms is represented by a combination of active substances and particle-shaped polymer in the nano- or micrometer size range. The review describes recent progress in this field balanced with basic information. After a brief introduction, the paper presents a concise overview of polymers used as components of nano- and microparticle drug carriers. Thereafter, progress in direct synthesis of polymer particles with functional groups is discussed. A section is devoted to formation of particles by self-assembly of homo- and copolymer-bearing functional groups. Special attention is focused on modification of the primary functional groups introduced during particle preparation, including introduction of ligands promoting anchorage of particles onto the chosen living cell types by interactions with specific receptors present in cell membranes. Particular attention is focused on progress in methods suitable for preparation of particles loaded with bioactive substances. The review ends with a brief discussion of the still not answered questions and unsolved problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (D.M.)
| | | | | | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (D.M.)
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7
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Gadzinowski M, Mickiewicz D, Basinska T. Spherical versus prolate spheroidal particles in biosciences: Does the shape make a difference? POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Gadzinowski
- Polymer Division, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences Lodz Poland
| | - Damian Mickiewicz
- Polymer Division, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences Lodz Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Polymer Division, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences Lodz Poland
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8
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Iovescu A, Stîngă G, Maxim ME, Gosecka M, Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Angelescu D, Petrescu S, Stănică N, Băran A, Anghel DF. Chitosan-polyglycidol complexes to coating iron oxide particles for dye adsorption. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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9
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Mickiewicz D, Basinska T, Gosecka M, Gadzinowski M, Slomkowski S. Colloidal liquid crystal type assemblies of spheroidal polystyrene core/polyglycidol‐rich shell particles (P[S/PGL]) formed at the liquid‐silicon‐air interface by a directed dewetting process. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Mickiewicz
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90‐363 Lodz Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90‐363 Lodz Poland
| | - Monika Gosecka
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90‐363 Lodz Poland
| | - Mariusz Gadzinowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90‐363 Lodz Poland
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90‐363 Lodz Poland
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10
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Komar P, Gosecka M, Gadzinowski M, Gosecki M, Makowski T, Slomkowski S, Basinska T. Core-shell spheroidal microparticles with polystyrene cores and rich in polyglycidol shells. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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11
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Otulakowski Ł, Gadzinowski M, Slomkowski S, Basinska T, Forys A, Dworak A, Trzebicka B. Micellisation of polystyrene-b-polyglycidol copolymers in water solution. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Basinska
- Department of Engineering of Polymer Materials, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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13
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Gosecka M, Chehimi MM, Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Makowski T. Adsorption and covalent binding of fibrinogen as a method for probing the chemical composition of poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microsphere surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 160:438-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Department of Engineering of Polymeric Materials, Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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15
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Morga M, Adamczyk Z, Basinska T, Komar P, Gosecka M, Żeliszewska P, Wasilewska M. Spheroidal Microparticle Monolayers Characterized by Streaming Potential Measurements. Langmuir 2017; 33:9916-9925. [PMID: 28841326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method was developed enabling the synthesis of spheroidal polymer microparticles. Thorough physicochemical characteristics of the particles were acquired comprising the size, shape, electrophoretic mobility, and the diffusion coefficient. The particles were monodisperse, and their shape was well-fitted by prolate spheroids having the axis ratio equal to 4.17. Knowing the diffusion coefficient, their hydrodynamic diameter of 449 nm was calculated, which matched the value derived from Brenner's analytical expression. Particle deposition kinetics on mica and silicon/silica substrates, modified by poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) adsorption, was studied by optical microscopy and AFM imaging. The validity of the random sequential adsorption model was confirmed. Additionally, monolayers of the particles on these substrates were thoroughly characterized in situ by the streaming potential measurements for different ionic strengths. These measurements confirmed that the ζ potential change with the spheroidal particle coverage is less abrupt than for spheres and agrees with theoretical predictions. Exploiting these results, a useful analytical expression was derived that allows one to calculate the spheroidal particle coverage in situ via the streaming potential measurements. This expression, especially accurate for low coverage range, can be used for a quantitative interpretation of adsorption and desorption kinetics of anisotropic macromolecules, e.g., proteins on solid substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morga
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Adamczyk
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , Sienkiewicza 112, PL-90363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Patrycja Komar
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , Sienkiewicza 112, PL-90363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Gosecka
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , Sienkiewicza 112, PL-90363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Żeliszewska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Wasilewska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
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Gosecka M, Slomkowski S, Basinska T, Chehimi MM. Size-Controlled 3D Colloidal Crystals Formed in an Aqueous Suspension of Polystyrene/Polyglycidol Microspheres with Covalently Bound l-DOPA. Langmuir 2016; 32:12848-12855. [PMID: 27802044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Stable three-dimensional colloidal crystals were fabricated in an aqueous suspension of Tris buffer at pH > 8. The basic building blocks of the crystals were submicron-sized polystyrene-polyglycidol core-shell particles (Dn(SEM) = 270 ± 18 nm) with covalently bound 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA). The growth of the crystals was triggered by a thermodynamically favorable arrangement of particles leading to their close packing and by the formation of covalent cross-links between the individual particles. Under alkaline conditions, molecules of l-DOPA are oxidized, which allows their participation in cross-linking, necessary for the stabilization of the formed colloidal crystals. The average size of the fabricated colloidal crystals is determined by their weight, density of the suspending medium, and the energy of their Brownian motion. Crystals generated during the suspension of particles fall down after reaching the critical weight. Therefore, crystals of similar dimensions are deposited at the bottom of the vessel. The described system is the first example of the formation of stable colloidal crystals in a suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gosecka
- Department of Engineering of Polymer Materials, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies of Polish Academy of Sciences , ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Department of Engineering of Polymer Materials, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies of Polish Academy of Sciences , ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Department of Engineering of Polymer Materials, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies of Polish Academy of Sciences , ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Mohamed M Chehimi
- ITODYS, Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR CNRS 7086 , 15 Rue J-A De Baïf, Paris 75013, France
- Université Paris Est, ICMPE (UMR7182), CNRS, UPEC , Thiais 94320, France
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Gosecka M, Raczkowska J, Haberko J, Awsiuk K, Rysz J, Budkowski A, Marzec MM, Bernasik A, Basinska T. Multilayers of poly(styrene/α- tert -butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microspheres with core-shell morphology: Characterization by AFM, SIMS and XPS. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Wasilewska M, Adamczyk Z, Basinska T, Gosecka M, Lupa D. Monolayers of Poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) Microparticles Formed by Controlled Self-Assembly with Potential Application as Protein-Repelling Substrates. Langmuir 2016; 32:9566-9574. [PMID: 27552337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of the self-assembly of poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microparticles on poly(allylamine hydrochloride)-derivatized silicon/silica substrate was determined by direct AFM imaging and streaming potential (SP) measurements. The kinetic runs acquired under diffusion-controlled transport were quantitatively interpreted in terms of the extended random sequential adsorption (RSA) model. This allowed confirmation of a core/shell morphology of the microparticles. The polyglycidol-rich shell of thickness equal to 25 nm exhibited a fuzzy structure that enabled penetration of particles into each other resulting in high coverage inaccessible for ordinary microparticles. The SP measurements interpreted by using the 3D electrokinetic model confirmed this microparticle structure. Additionally, the acid-base characteristics of the microparticle monolayers were determined for a broad pH range. By using the streaming potential measurements, human serum albumin (HSA) adsorption on the microparticle monolayers was investigated under in situ conditions. It was confirmed that the protein adsorption was considerably lower than for the reference case of bare silicon/silica substrate under the same physicochemical conditions. This effect was attributed to the presence of the shell diminishing the protein/microparticle physical interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Wasilewska
- J. Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Science , Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Adamczyk
- J. Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Science , Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Monika Gosecka
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Dawid Lupa
- J. Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Science , Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
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Abstract
The poly(styrene/acrolein) latexes were synthesized in an emul sifier-free emulsion-precipitation polymerization. Monodisperse particles from 0.30 μm to 0.52 μm, depending on the acrolein monomer feed, were obtained. More acrolein in the monomer feed yielded latex particles with smaller di ameters. Analyses indicate that the particles have a core-shell morphology. The core is rich in the hydrophobic (polystyrene) component whereas the shell is composed mainly of hydrophilic polyacrolein. Significant changes in polyacro lein in the latexes (from 0.03 to 0.28) has less influence on the composition of the shell (from 0.5 to 0.84, respectively). The surface of the latex particles is smooth and can be penetrated by 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine to the depth from 1.5 to 3.5 Å. These poly(styrene/acrolein) latexes are capable of binding ca. 3 mg of human globulins or ca. 1 mg of human serum albumin on 1 m2 of the latex surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Basinska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michel Delamar
- Institut de Topologie et de Dynamique des Systemes Universite Paris V-CNRS 1 rue Guy de la Brosse 75005 Paris, France
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Gosecki M, Gadzinowski M, Gosecka M, Basinska T, Slomkowski S. Polyglycidol, Its Derivatives, and Polyglycidol-Containing Copolymers-Synthesis and Medical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E227. [PMID: 30979324 PMCID: PMC6432134 DOI: 10.3390/polym8060227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyglycidol (or polyglycerol) is a biocompatible polymer with a main chain structure similar to that of poly(ethylene oxide) but with a ⁻CH₂OH reactive side group in every structural unit. The hydroxyl groups in polyglycidol not only increase the hydrophilicity of this polymer but also allow for its modification, leading to polymers with carboxyl, amine, and vinyl groups, as well as to polymers with bonded aliphatic chains, sugar moieties, and covalently immobilized bioactive compounds in particular proteins. The paper describes the current state of knowledge on the synthesis of polyglycidols with various topology (linear, branched, and star-like) and with various molar masses. We provide information on polyglycidol-rich surfaces with protein-repelling properties. We also describe methods for the synthesis of polyglycidol-containing copolymers and the preparation of nano- and microparticles that could be derived from these copolymers. The paper summarizes recent advances in the application of polyglycidol and polyglycidol-containing polymers as drug carriers, reagents for diagnostic systems, and elements of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gosecki
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Gadzinowski
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Monika Gosecka
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
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Gosecka M, Basinska T. Hydrophilic polymers grafted surfaces: preparation, characterization, and biomedical applications. Achievements and challenges. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gosecka
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Sciences; H. Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Lodz Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Sciences; H. Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Lodz Poland
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Gosecka M, Pietrasik J, Decorse P, Glebocki B, Chehimi MM, Slomkowski S, Basinska T. Gradient Poly(styrene-co-polyglycidol) Grafts via Silicon Surface-Initiated AGET ATRP. Langmuir 2015; 31:4853-4861. [PMID: 25871942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Gradient copolymer grafts of styrene and α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-poly(glycidol ethoxyethyl ether) (PGLet), a precursor of α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol macromonomer (PGL), were prepared on silicon wafers via a surface-initiated activator generated by electron transfer radical polymerization (AGET ATRP). Silicon plates with previously attached 2-bromoisobutyrate served as a macroinitiator for the AGET ATRP (activator generated by electron transfer) of styrene and PGLet. The copolymers' gradient P(S-co-PPGL) of composition and thickness was obtained by a simple method where the plates were slowly removed from reaction mixture using a step motor. PGLet was added continuously (dropwise) into the reactor during withdrawal of the plates from solution in order to increase the relative concentration of PGLet in polymerization mixture. A range of strategies of making grafts was tested. The plates with copolymers grafts were analyzed by various techniques, like XPS, ellipsometry, and FTIR spectroscopy. The results indicate that the AGET ATRP process is dependent on the styrene/PGLet macromonomer ratio in the polymerization mixture. Under optimal conditions, the addition of PGLet during polymerization and subsequent deprotection of hydroxyl groups of PGLet permit to obtain plates with a novel copolymer layer with composition, thickness, and wettability gradient. Plates with chemical composition of copolymer grafts gradient served as versatile supports with controlled hydrophilic/hydrophobic area and were suitable for tailored deposition of particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gosecka
- †Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Pietrasik
- ‡Technical University of Lodz, Technical University of Lodz, Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Bartosz Glebocki
- †Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mohamed M Chehimi
- ∥Université Paris Est, ICMPE, SPC, PoPI Team, UPEC, 2-8 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- †Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- †Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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Gosecka M, Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Tracz A, Chehimi MM. Mechanism of particle formation in radical emulsion copolymerization of styrene with α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol macromonomer. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gam-Derouich S, Gosecka M, Lepinay S, Turmine M, Carbonnier B, Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Millot MC, Othmane A, Ben Hassen-Chehimi D, Chehimi MM. Highly hydrophilic surfaces from polyglycidol grafts with dual antifouling and specific protein recognition properties. Langmuir 2011; 27:9285-9294. [PMID: 21678957 DOI: 10.1021/la200290k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Homopolymer grafts from α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol (PGL) were prepared on gold and stainless steel (SS) substrates modified by 4-benzoyl-phenyl (BP) moieties derived from the electroreduction of the parent salt 4-benzoyl benzene diazonium tetrafluoroborate. The grafted BP aryl groups efficiently served to surface-initiate photopolymerization (SIPP) of PGL. In similar conditions, SIPP of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) permitted the production of PHEMA grafts as model surfaces. Water contact angles were found to be 66°, 15°, and 0° for SS-BP, SS-PHEMA, and SS-PPGL, respectively. The spontaneous spreading of water drops on SS-PPGL was invariably observed with 1.5 μL water drops. PPGL thus appears as a superhydrophilic polymer. Resistance to nonspecific adsorption of proteins of PPGL and PHEMA grafts on gold was evaluated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) using antibovine serum albumin (anti-BSA). The results conclusively show that PPGL-grafts exhibit enhanced resistance to anti-BSA adsorption compared to the well-known hydrophilic PHEMA. PPGL grafts were further modified with BSA through the carbonyldiimidazole activation of the OH groups providing immunosensing surfaces. The so-prepared PPGL-grafted BSA hybrids specifically interacted with anti-BSA in PBS as compared to antimyoglobin. It is clear that the superhydrophilic character of PPGL grafts opens new avenues for biomedical applications where surfaces with dual functionality, namely, specific protein grafting together with resistance to biofouling, are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Gam-Derouich
- ITODYS, University Denis Diderot & CNRS (UMR 7086), 15 rue Jean de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
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Gosecka M, Griffete N, Mangeney C, Chehimi MM, Slomkowski S, Basinska T. Preparation and optical properties of novel bioactive photonic crystals obtained from core-shell poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microspheres. Colloid Polym Sci 2011; 289:1511-1518. [PMID: 21892246 PMCID: PMC3140920 DOI: 10.1007/s00396-011-2447-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Optical properties of polymer microspheres with polystyrene cores and polyglycidol-enriched shells poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) (P(S/PGL) particles with number average diameters Dn determined by scanning electron microscopy equal 237 and 271 nm), were studied before and after immobilization of ovalbumin. The particles were synthesized by emulsifier-free emulsion copolymerization of styrene and polyglycidol macromonomer (poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol)) initiated with potassium persulfate. Molar fraction of polyglycidol units in the interfacial layer of the microspheres determined by XPS was equal 42.6 and 34.0%, for the particles with Dn equal 137 and 271 nm, respectively. Colloidal crystals from the aforementioned particles were prepared by deposition of particle suspensions on the glass slides and subsequent evaporation of water. It was found that optical properties of colloidal crystals from the P(S/PGL) microspheres strongly depend on modification of their interfacial layer by covalent immobilization of ovalbumin. The coating of particles with ovalbumin resulted in decreasing their refractive index from 1.58 to 1.52.
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Fortuniak W, Mizerska U, Chojnowski J, Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Chehimi MM, Konopacka A, Turecka K, Werel W. Polysiloxanes With Quaternary Ammonium Salt Biocidal Functions and Their Behavior When Incorporated Into a Silicone Elastomer Network. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-011-9485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Griffete N, Dybkowska M, Glebocki B, Basinska T, Connan C, Maître A, Chehimi MM, Slomkowski S, Mangeney C. Thermoresponsive colloidal crystals built from core-shell poly(styrene/alpha-tert-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzylpolyglycidol) microspheres. Langmuir 2010; 26:11550-11557. [PMID: 20481465 DOI: 10.1021/la100537v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell particles of poly(styrene/alpha-tert-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzylpolyglycidol) P(S/PGL) were used as new building blocks for the assembly of a colloidal crystal. The added-value properties of these particles for photonic crystal architectures are their high hydrophilicity together with their thermoresponsivity. Indeed, the poglycidol-rich shell undergoes a phase transition above 45 degrees C, which leads to its collapse at the particle surface accompanied by a decrease in the particle diameter. The three-dimensional crystalline arrays display Bragg diffraction properties, as judged by angle-resolved reflectance spectroscopy. The thermoresponsivity of the colloidal assemblies was observed through modifications of their optical properties with respect to the temperature used during the assembly process. The wetting properties of the crystalline material were also shown to reversibly switch from hydrophilic to hydrophobic as a function of the assembly temperature, thus evidencing the reorganization of the surface polyglycidol chains during the polymer phase transition. This work shows conclusively that P(S/PGL) particles are promising alternatives to poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(ethylene glycol) particles for the elaboration of thermoresponsive colloidal crystals, with a phase transition situated in between those of these two polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebewia Griffete
- ITODYS, Université Paris Diderot and CNRS (UMR 7086), 15 rue Jean de Baif, 75013 Paris, France
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Basinska T, Krolik S, Slomkowski S. Hydrophilic Microspheres Containingαα-tertButoxy-ωω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol for Immunodiagnostics: Synthesis, Properties and Biomedical Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200950713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Kazmierski S, Chehimi MM. Properties of poly(styrene/alpha-tert-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microspheres suspended in water. Effect of sodium chloride and temperature on particle diameters and electrophoretic mobility. Langmuir 2008; 24:8465-8472. [PMID: 18630979 DOI: 10.1021/la800836t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic and electrophoretic properties of core-shell poly(styrene/alpha- tert-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) (P(S/PGL)) microspheres suspended in water are described. The microspheres were obtained by surfactant-free emulsion copolymerization of styrene and alpha- tert-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol macromonomer ( M n = 2800, M w/ M n = 1.05). The process yielded microspheres with number average diameter D n = 270 nm and with low diameter dispersity index D w/ D n = 1.01. Shells of P(S/PGL) microspheres were enriched in polyglycidol. Molar fraction of polyglycidol monomeric units in the shells (determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) was equal to 0.34, which is much higher than the average molar fraction of polyglycidol monomeric units in whole particles of 0.048. Influences of NaCl concentration and temperature on P(S/PGL) microsphere diameters and on their electrophoretic mobility were investigated. It was found that hydrodynamic diameter of P(S/PGL) microspheres, determined by photon correlation spectroscopy, decreased significantly when temperature did exceed a certain value (transition temperature, T t). It has been found that the decrease is more pronounced for higher concentrations of NaCl in the medium. For microspheres suspended in 10 (-1) M NaCl, the hydrodynamic diameter decreased by 8% whereas for the same particles in pure water the diameter decreased by 5.2%. The process of shrinkage was fully reversible. Values of T t for P(S/PGL) microspheres were lower for higher concentrations of NaCl. Adjustment of salt concentration allowed controlling T t in a range from 44.4 to 49.9 degrees C. 13C NMR relaxation time measurements (T 1) for carbon atoms in polyglycidol macromonomer revealed that T 1 did increase with increasing temperature (in temperature range from 25 to 75 degrees C) indicating higher motion of chains at higher temperature. Addition of NaCl did not induce a substantial change of T 1 in the mentioned temperature range. The swelling-deswelling properties of P(S/PGL) microspheres' interfacial layer affected adsorption of P(S/PGL) particles on modified with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane mica. It was shown that the deposition of P(S/PGL) microspheres at 25 degrees C on mica led to formation of two-dimensional crystal-shape assemblies, whereas at 60 degrees C (far above T t = 49.8 degrees C in H2O) the microspheres were randomly adsorbed without formation of colloidal crystal assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Basinska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz, Poland.
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Basinska T, Kergoat L, Mangeney C, Chehimi MM, Slomkowski S. Poly(styrene/α-tertbutoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) micro spheres for the preparation of novel photonic crystals. e-Polymers 2007. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly.2007.7.1.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe report on the preparation of a novel photonic crystal assembled from poly(styrene/α-tertbutoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microspheres. The latex particles were fully characterized in terms of size (271 nm, Dw/Dn=1.004), electrophoretic mobility (-3.79x10-8 m2V-1s-1) and surface chemical composition (evidence for a PGL-rich particle surface). They were then assembled into 3D colloidal crystal showing an optical stop band in the visible region. The λmax for the Bragg diffraction peak is 570 nm. As the particles under study are highly hydrophilic and biocompatible, this work opens up new opportunities for the design of photonic crystal-based biosensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Basinska
- 1Center of Molecular & Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz (Poland)
| | - Loïg Kergoat
- 2Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation & Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS), Université Paris 7-CNRS (UMR 7086), 1 rue Guy de la Brosse, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Claire Mangeney
- 2Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation & Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS), Université Paris 7-CNRS (UMR 7086), 1 rue Guy de la Brosse, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Mohamed M. Chehimi
- 2Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation & Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS), Université Paris 7-CNRS (UMR 7086), 1 rue Guy de la Brosse, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- 1Center of Molecular & Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz (Poland)
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Matrab T, Chehimi MM, Pinson J, Slomkowski S, Basinska T. Growth of polymer brushes by atom transfer radical polymerization on glassy carbon modified by electro-grafted initiators based on aryl diazonium salts. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
Functional hydrophilic microspheres (latex particles) have found various applications in life sciences and in medicine - particularly in latex diagnostic tests. This paper presents a comprehensive review of studies on latex particles with a hydrophilic interfacial layer composed of various hydrophilic polymers with reactive groups at the ends of macromolecules or at each monomeric unit along the chain. Typical examples of these hydrophilic polymers are poly(2-hydroxyethyl methyl methacrylate), poly(acrylic acid), poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), polysaccharides, poly(ethylene oxide) and polyglycidol. Hydrophilic microspheres with different morphologies (uniform or core-shell, see Figure) have been synthesized by emulsion and dispersion polymerizations. The chemical structure of polymers which constitute the interfacial layer of microspheres has been investigated using a variety of instrumental techniques (such as XPS, SSIMS and NMR) and analytical methods based on specific chemical reactions suitable for the determination of particular functional groups. Microspheres are exposed to contact with proteins in the majority of medical applications. This paper presents examples of studies on the attachment of these biomacromolecules to microspheres. The relation between the structure of the interfacial layer of microspheres and the ability of these particles for the covalent binding of proteins is discussed. Several examples of diagnostic tests, in which hydrophilic microspheres with adsorbed or covalently immobilized proteins were used as reagents, are presented. The paper also contains a short review of the application of magnetic hydrophilic particles for protein separation. Examples of hydrophilic latex particles used for hemoperfusion or heavy metal ion separation are presented. Hydrophilic microspheres with uniform or core-shell morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Basinska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
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Basinska T, Wisniewska M, Chmiela M. Principle of a New Immunoassay Based on Electrophoretic Mobility of Poly(styrene/?-tert-butoxy-?-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) Microspheres: Application for the Determination ofHelicobacter pylori IgG in Blood Serum. Macromol Biosci 2005; 5:70-7. [PMID: 15635718 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200400112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The principle of a novel latex diagnostic test for the determination of antibodies against Helicobacter pylori in blood sera is described. The test is based on the measurement of the electrophoretic mobility of the microspheres with immobilized H. pylori antigens. The electrophoretic mobility of these microspheres depends on the concentration of the antibodies against H. pylori in suspending medium. Particles with hydrophilic polyglycidol in the surface layer were used for the test. The microspheres were obtained by an emulsifier-free emulsion copolymerization of styrene and alpha-tert-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol macromonomer (D(n) = 220 nm, diameter polydispersity factor D(w)//D(n) = 1.02). Activation of polyglycidol hydroxyl groups with cyanuric chloride allowed for covalent immobilization of H. pylori antigens. The fraction of H. pylori not specifically adsorbed onto the microspheres was negligible. Changes of the electrophoretic mobility of the microspheres with the surface concentration of the covalently immobilized H. pylori antigens Gamma = (1.6 +/- 0.3) . 10(-3) g m(-2) were suitable for the detection of the antibodies in the sera of patients with titer in the range (determined by the indirect ELISA test) from 1:500 to 1:32 000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Basinska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
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Bousalem S, Mangeney C, Alcote Y, Chehimi MM, Basinska T, Slomkowski S. Immobilization of proteins onto novel, reactive polypyrrole-coated polystyrene latex particles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bousalem S, Mangeney C, Chehimi MM, Basinska T, Miksa B, Slomkowski S. Synthesis, characterization and potential biomedical applications of N-succinimidyl ester functionalized, polypyrrole-coated polystyrene latex particles. Colloid Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-004-1065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bousalem S, Yassar A, Basinska T, Miksa B, Slomkowski S, Azioune A, Chehimi MM. Synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications of functionalized polypyrrole-coated polystyrene latex particles. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Radomska-Galant I, Basinska T. Poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzylpolyglycidol) Microspheres for Immunodiagnostics. Principle of a Novel Latex Test Based on Combined Electrophoretic Mobility and Particle Aggregation Measurements. Biomacromolecules 2003; 4:1848-55. [PMID: 14606918 DOI: 10.1021/bm0342887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The principle of a novel latex agglutination test based on combined results of electrophoretic mobility and particle aggregation measurements is described. Poly(styrene/alpha-tert-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzylpolyglycidol) (P(S/PGL)) microspheres were synthesized by a one step soap-free emulsion copolymerization of styrene and alpha-tert-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzylpolyglycidol macromonomer with number average molecular weight Mn = 2700 (polydispersity [Mw]/[Mn] = 1.10). Particles with monomodal size distribution (number average diameter Dn = 220 nm) and surface fraction of polyglycidol equal to f = 0.42 mol % were obtained. Human serum albumin (HSA) was covalently bound onto the surface of P(S/PGL) microspheres activated with 1,3,5-trichlorotriazine. In a model immunodiagnostic assay for anti-HSA, in which P(S/PGL) particles with covalently bound HSA have been used, the electrophoretic mobility and aggregation of microspheres were measured simultaneously. This approach allowed detection of anti-HSA in the serum in the range of anti-HSA concentrations from 0.1 to 150 microg/mL. The highest changes in electrophoretic mobility were registered for microspheres with surface concentration of immobilized HSA equal to Gamma = 9.2 x 10(-4) g/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Radomska-Galant
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Technical Biochemistry Technical University of Lodz, ul. Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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Basinska T. Adsorption studies of human serum albumin, human gamma-globulins, and human fibrinogen on the surface of p(S/PGL) microspheres. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2003; 12:1359-71. [PMID: 11922480 DOI: 10.1163/156856202753419277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA), human gamma-globulins (gammaG), and human fibrinogen (Fb) onto the surface of poly(styrene/alpha-t-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microspheres (P(S/PGL)) with controlled fraction of polyglycidol in the interfacial layer was investigated. The microspheres were synthesized by the emulsifier-free radical copolymerization of styrene and alpha-t-butoxy-omega-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol macromonomer (PGL). Macromonomers with number average molecular weights Mn = 950 and 2,700 were used in the syntheses. Fraction of polyglycidol in the microsphere surface layer was varied from 0.22 to 0.44, depending on the composition of the monomer feed. It was found that the maximal surface concentration of adsorbed proteins and the equilibrium constant of protein adsorption decreased with increased fraction of polyglycidol in the microsphere surface layer. For microspheres with the highest fraction of polyglycidol at the surface the maximal surface protein concentration was c. ten times lower and the adsorption equilibrium constant was c. one hundred times lower than for the reference polystyrene microspheres. The dependence of maximal surface concentration of adsorbed proteins on the fraction of polyglycidol in the particle interfacial layer indicated random distribution of polyglycidol chains without formation of polyglycidol and polystyrene patches at the microspheres surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Basinska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz.
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Slomkowski S, Basinska T, Miksa B. New types of microspheres and microsphere-related materials for medical diagnostics. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Kazmierski S, Dworak A, Chehimi MM. Studies of the surface layer structure and properties of poly(styrene/?-t-butoxy-?-polyglycidol) microspheres by carbon nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the adsorption of human serum albumin and ?-globulins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.10863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Basinska T. Poly(styrene/acrolein) and poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω- vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microspheres. Similarities and differences. e-Polymers 2002. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly.2002.2.1.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractProperties of two types of polystyrene microspheres with polyacrolein and polyglycidol components in their surface layers are compared. Microspheres were prepared in batch radical emulsifier-free emulsion copolymerizations of styrene with acrolein and/or α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol macromonomer ( Mn̅ = 2700). Polymerizations were initiated with potassium peroxodisulfate, and the ratio of initial concentrations of styrene and initiator was constant. Number average diameters of poly(styrene/acrolein) (P(S/A)) and of poly(styrene/polyglycidol) (P(S/PGL)) particles were in the range of 200 - 650 nm and decreased with increasing concentration of acrolein and/or polyglycidol in the polymerizing mixtures. The diameter polydispersity of synthesized particles ( Dw ̅ /Dn̅) was usually lower than 1.02. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for P(S/A) and P(S/PGL) microspheres showed that surface layers of particles were significantly enriched in polyacrolein or polyglycidol segments, surface fractions of which increased with increasing concentration of the more hydrophilic comonomer in the polymerizing mixture. In the case of P(S/A) particles, the maximal fraction of polyacrolein approached 80 mol-%, whereas for P(S/PGL) particles the maximal surface fraction of PGL was 42 mol-%. Human serum albumin was used as a model protein for studies of attachment onto P(S/A) and P(S/PGL) microspheres. It has been found that for both kinds of particles, the maximal surface concentration of attached (adsorbed and/or covalently immobilized) protein decreased with increasing fraction of hydrophilic component in the particle surface layer (polyacrolein or polyglycidol units). In the case of P(S/A) particles, adsorption always accompanied covalent immobilization of proteins. To the contrary, covalent immobilization of proteins onto the P(S/PGL) microspheres proceeded without adsorption of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Basinska
- 1Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; Fax (+48) (42) 6847126
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Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Dworak A, Panchev I, Chehimi MM. Synthesis and characterization of poly(styrene/ α-t -butoxy- ω -vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microspheres. Colloid Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/s003960100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Miksa B, Wilczynska M, Cierniewski C, Basinska T, Slomkowski S. Composite poly(methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) latex for immunoassay. The case of plasminogen. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 1996; 7:503-13. [PMID: 8608087 DOI: 10.1163/156856295x00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) latex (ACRYLAT) was synthesized by radical precipitation polymerization. The mass median diameter (MMD) and the geometrical standard deviation (GSD) of the ACRYLAT particles were 138 nm and 1.2, respectively. The concentration of the titrable carboxylic groups in the surface layer of latex particles was equal to 8.41 x 10(-6) mol m-2. Latex was able to bind up to 2.82 x 10(-7) mol of 1-aminopyrene per 1 m2 of the surface of the latex particles due to the ionic interactions between carboxylate anions and ammonium cations of protonated 1-aminopyrene. ACRYLAT was able to immobilize covalently human serum albumin in amounts up to 0.23 mg m-2. Aggregation of ACRYLAT with immobilized HSA, induced with specific antibodies (anti-HSA), was investigated turbidimetrically. The results indicated that in the model turbidimetric immunoassay, ACRYLAT coated with HSA can be used for the detection of anti-HSA in the goat anti-HSA serum diluted from 50 to 7000-fold. Immobilization of rabbit antibodies to plasminogen (anti-Plg) to ACRYLAT via the epsilon-aminocaproic acid linkers provided particles which were used for the development of the turbidimetric immunoassay for plasminogen. In this assay plasminogen could be detected in concentration ranging from 0.75 to 75 micrograms ml-1 in the blood plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Miksa
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Polymer Chemistry, Lodz, Poland
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Basinska T, Slomkowski S. Attachment of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) onto the poly(styrene/acrolein) latexes and onto their derivatives with amino groups on the surface; activity of immobilized enzyme. Colloid Polym Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00656887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Slomkowski S, Basinska T. Detection and Concentration Measurements of Proteins Adsorbed onto Polystyrene and Poly(styrene—acrolein) Latexes. ACS Symposium Series 1992. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-1992-0492.ch021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90—363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90—363 Lodz, Poland
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Basinska T, Slomkowski S. The direct determination of protein concentration for proteins immobilized on polystyrene microspheres. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 1992; 3:115-25. [PMID: 1768634 DOI: 10.1163/156856291x00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we show how the Lowry method, designed for the determination of proteins in solution, can be used for the determination of proteins immobilized on the surface of microspheres (for protein concentrations higher than 10 micrograms/ml). Measurements were made for human serum albumin (HSA) and for immunoglobulins [rabbit immunoglobulins--antibodies against human fibrinogen (IgGF) and against fragment D of human fibrinogen (IgGFgD)] immobilized on the surface of polystyrene microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz
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