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Cloitre M, Valerio M, Mampuya A, Rakauskas A, Berthold D, Tawadros T, Meuwly JY, Heym L, Duclos F, Vallet V, Zeverino M, Jichlinski P, Prior J, Roth B, Bourhis J, Herrera FG. Toxicity, quality of life, and PSA control after 50 Gy stereotactic body radiation therapy to the dominant intraprostatic nodule with the use of a rectal spacer: results of a phase I/II study. Br J Radiol 2023; 96:20220803. [PMID: 36745031 PMCID: PMC10161910 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20220803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We conducted a phase I/II prospective trial to determine whether stereotactic dose escalation to the dominant intra-prostatic nodule (DIN) up to 50 Gy incorporating a rectal balloon spacer is safe, does not affect patient quality of life, and preserves local control in patients with intermediate-high risk PCa. METHODS Eligible patients included males with stage ≤T3b localized disease, a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level ≤50 , International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≤14, and a gland volume ≤70 cm3. Patients underwent perirectal spacer placement, followed by a planning MRI and were subsequently treated with SBRT doses of 36.25 Gy in five fractions to the whole prostate while simultaneously escalating doses to the magnetic resonance image visible DIN up to 50 Gy. Primary endpoint: safety. Secondary endpoints: biochemical control, quality of life (QofL), and dosimetry outcome. RESULTS Nine patients were treated in the Phase I part of the study. Dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) were not observed. Further characterization of tolerability and efficacy was conducted in the subsequent 24 patients irradiated at the recommended Phase II dose (50 Gy, RP2D). At a median follow-up of 61 months, biochemical control is 69%. Grade 1 and 2 acute GU and GI toxicity was 57.5 and 15%, and 24.2 and 6.1%, respectively. Grade 1 and 2 late GU and GI toxicity was 66.6 and 12.1%, and 15.1 and 3%, respectively. No Grade 3 or higher toxicity was reported. QofL data confirmed physician's reported side effects. Dosimetry analysis showed adherence to the doses prescribed in the protocol. CONCLUSIONS SBRT of the whole prostate with 36.25 Gy in 5 fractions and dose escalation to 50 Gy to the DIN, when combined with a peri-rectal balloon spacer, was tolerable and established the RP2D. QofL analysis showed minimal negative impact in GU, GI, and sexual domains. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Extreme hypofractionated prostate radiation therapy with focal dose escalation to the DIN is well tolerated with efficacy comparable to normal fractionated radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Cloitre
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Valerio
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ange Mampuya
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arnas Rakauskas
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Berthold
- Department of Oncology, Medical Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Tawadros
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Yves Meuwly
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Leonie Heym
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frederic Duclos
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Véronique Vallet
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Zeverino
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Jichlinski
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Prior
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Beat Roth
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Bourhis
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fernanda G Herrera
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Sachdeva A, Hart CA, Kim K, Tawadros T, Oliveira P, Shanks J, Brown M, Clarke N. Non-canonical EphA2 activation underpins PTEN-mediated metastatic migration and poor clinical outcome in prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:1254-1262. [PMID: 35869144 PMCID: PMC9519535 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The key process of mesenchymal to amoeboid transition (MAT), which enables prostate cancer (PCa) transendothelial migration and subsequent development of metastases in red bone marrow stroma, is driven by phosphorylation of EphA2S897 by pAkt, which is induced by the omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid. Here we investigate the influence of EphA2 signalling in PCa progression and long-term survival. Methods The mechanisms underpinning metastatic biopotential of altered EphA2 signalling in relation to PTEN status were assessed in vitro using canonical (EphA2D739N) and non-canonical (EphA2S897G) PC3-M mutants, interrogation of publicly available PTEN-stratified databases and clinical validation using a PCa TMA (n = 177) with long-term follow-up data. Spatial heterogeneity of EphA2 was assessed using a radical prostatectomy cohort (n = 67). Results Non-canonical EphA2 signalling via pEphA2S897 is required for PCa transendothelial invasion of bone marrow endothelium. High expression of EphA2 or pEphA2S897 in a PTENlow background is associated with poor overall survival. Expression of EphA2, pEphA2S897 and the associated MAT marker pMLC2 are spatially regulated with the highest levels found within lesion areas within 500 µm of the prostate margin. Conclusion EphA2 MAT-related signalling confers transendothelial invasion. This is associated with a substantially worse prognosis in PTEN-deficient PCa.
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Codeluppi C, Ninane F, Jolliet L, Glemarec P, Orcurto A, Rakauskas A, Tawadros T, Bosshard P, Eicher M, Herrera F, La Rosa S, Meuwly JY, Vietti-Violi N, Prior J, Schaefer N, Bessaire B, Ehrensperger M, Roth B, Berthold D, Valerio M. [Cancer center clinical nurse: The experience of the CHUV Prostate Cancer Center]. Rev Med Suisse 2021; 17:2082-2085. [PMID: 34851055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The University Hospital of Lausanne has heavily invested in the development of interdisciplinary oncology centers to improve the quality of care, and structure research and training. By integrating specialist nurses, it follows international recommendations. These specialists' nurses rephrase the information given by the doctor and ensure patients' understanding. They assess the patient's psychosocial situation and provides guidance if necessary. They support the patient in making informed choices about treatment and coping strategies. In addition to the outpatient clinics planned in accordance with the care pathway, she can be contacted between appointments to answer questions or concerns of any kind. This article shows the added value of these nurses in the care of oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Codeluppi
- Infirmier·ère clinicien·ne spécialisé·e, Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Françoise Ninane
- Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Laura Jolliet
- Infirmier·ère clinicien·ne spécialisé·e, Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Philippe Glemarec
- Infirmier·ère clinicien·ne spécialisé·e, Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Angela Orcurto
- Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Arnas Rakauskas
- Service d'urologie, Département de chirurgie et d'anesthésiologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Thomas Tawadros
- Service d'urologie, Département de chirurgie et d'anesthésiologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Piet Bosshard
- Service d'urologie, Département de chirurgie et d'anesthésiologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Manuela Eicher
- Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
- Faculté de biologie et de médecine, IUFRS, Université de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne
| | - Fernanda Herrera
- Service de radio-oncologie, Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Stefano La Rosa
- Institut universitaire de pathologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Jean-Yves Meuwly
- Service de radiodiagnostic et radiologie interventionnelle, Département de radiologie médicale, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Naik Vietti-Violi
- Service de radiodiagnostic et radiologie interventionnelle, Département de radiologie médicale, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - John Prior
- Service de médecine nucléaire et imagerie moléculaire, Département de radiologie médicale, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Niklaus Schaefer
- Service de médecine nucléaire et imagerie moléculaire, Département de radiologie médicale, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Béatrice Bessaire
- Centres interdisciplinaires en oncologie, Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Marine Ehrensperger
- Centres interdisciplinaires en oncologie, Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Beat Roth
- Service d'urologie, Département de chirurgie et d'anesthésiologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Dominik Berthold
- Département d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
| | - Massimo Valerio
- Service d'urologie, Département de chirurgie et d'anesthésiologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne
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Cloitre M, Valerio M, Roth B, Berthold D, Tawadros T, Meuwly J, Heym L, Duclos F, Viguet-Carrin S, Vallet V, Bourhis J, Herrera F. PD-0764 Quality of life, toxicity, and PSA control after 50 Gy SBRT to the dominant intraprostatic nodule. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Rakauskas A, Tawadros T, Lucca I, Herrera F, Bourhis J, Burruni R, Gomes MN, Codeluppi C, Jolliet L, La Rosa S, Meuwly JY, Jichlinski P, Berthold D, Valerio M. Active surveillance in males with low- to intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer: A modern prospective cohort study. Investig Clin Urol 2021; 62:416-422. [PMID: 34190436 PMCID: PMC8246019 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20200601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare the clinical outcome of males with low-risk and favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer managed within a standardized modern protocol of active surveillance. Materials and Methods This was a prospective cohort study with strict and expanded active surveillance criteria in males with prostate cancer. Baseline assessment included multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), extended systematic biopsy, and software-based MR-targeted biopsy. Follow-up included biannual prostate-specific antigen (PSA) check, mpMRI, and control biopsy once a year for the first 2 years, and afterward mpMRI every 2 years with additional tests as clinically indicated. The primary outcome was the transition rate to active treatment. Results A total of 51 patients were included: 17 (33%) and 34 (67%) followed protocols of strict (study arm 1) and expanded (study arm 2) active surveillance criteria, respectively. Median age and PSA were 65 years (IQR, 60–69 years) and 5.3 ng/mL (IQR, 4.5–7.7 ng/mL), respectively. At baseline, a median of 2 (IQR, 1–3) cores were positive out of 13 (IQR, 12–14) cores; 22 males (43%) had visible mpMRI lesions. Eight males (24%) in study arm 2 had Gleason score 3+4. After a median follow-up of 36 months (IQR, 24–48 mo), no patient in study arm 1 compared with 17 patients (33%) in arm 2 underwent active treatment (p<0.0005). Conclusions Although expanding eligibility criteria leads to a greater transition rate to active treatment, active surveillance should be contemplated in well-selected males with favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer as the curability window seems to be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnas Rakauskas
- Department of Urology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Tawadros
- Department of Urology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Lucca
- Department of Urology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fernanda Herrera
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Bourhis
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rodolfo Burruni
- Department of Urology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Natal Gomes
- Department of Urology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Laura Jolliet
- Department of Urology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano La Rosa
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Yves Meuwly
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Dominik Berthold
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Valerio
- Department of Urology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Martel P, Tawadros T, Burruni R, Rakausakas A, Meuwly J, La Rosa S, Jichlinski P, Valerio M. Utilité de la micro-échographie haute fréquence pour réaliser des biopsies prostatiques ciblées avec fusion d’images performantes. Prog Urol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2019.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mastelic-Gavillet B, Navarro Rodrigo B, Décombaz L, Wang H, Ercolano G, Ahmed R, Lozano LE, Ianaro A, Derré L, Valerio M, Tawadros T, Jichlinski P, Nguyen-Ngoc T, Speiser DE, Verdeil G, Gestermann N, Dormond O, Kandalaft L, Coukos G, Jandus C, Ménétrier-Caux C, Caux C, Ho PC, Romero P, Harari A, Vigano S. Adenosine mediates functional and metabolic suppression of peripheral and tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:257. [PMID: 31601268 PMCID: PMC6788118 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several mechanisms are present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to impair cytotoxic T cell responses potentially able to control tumor growth. Among these, the accumulation of adenosine (Ado) contributes to tumor progression and represents a promising immunotherapeutic target. Ado has been shown to impair T cell effector function, but the role and mechanisms employed by Ado/Ado receptors (AdoRs) in modulating human peripheral and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) function are still puzzling. Methods CD8+ T cell cytokine production following stimulation was quantified by intracellular staining and flow cytometry. The cytotoxic capacity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was quantified by the chromium release assay following co-culture with autologous or anti-CD3-loaded tumor cell lines. The CD8+ T cell metabolic fitness was evaluated by the seahorse assay and by the quantification of 2-NBDG uptake and CD71/CD98 upregulation upon stimulation. The expression of AdoRs was assessed by RNA flow cytometry, a recently developed technology that we validated by semiquantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), while the impact on T cell function was evaluated by the use of selective antagonists and agonists. The influence of Ado/AdoR on the PKA and mTOR pathways was evaluated by phosphoflow staining of p-CREB and p-S6, respectively, and validated by western blot. Results Here, we demonstrate that Ado signaling through the A2A receptor (A2AR) in human peripheral CD8+ T cells and TILs is responsible for the higher sensitivity to Ado-mediated suppression of T central memory cells. We confirmed that Ado is able to impair peripheral and tumor-expanded T cell effector functions, and we show for the first time its impact on metabolic fitness. The Ado-mediated immunosuppressive effects are mediated by increased PKA activation that results in impairment of the mTORC1 pathway. Conclusions Our findings unveil A2AR/PKA/mTORC1 as the main Ado signaling pathway impairing the immune competence of peripheral T cells and TILs. Thus, p-CREB and p-S6 may represent useful pharmacodynamic and efficacy biomarkers of immunotherapies targeting Ado. The effect of Ado on T cell metabolic fitness reinforces the importance of the adenosinergic pathway as a target for next-generation immunotherapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40425-019-0719-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatris Mastelic-Gavillet
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Blanca Navarro Rodrigo
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Décombaz
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Haiping Wang
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Ercolano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Ahmed
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Angela Ianaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laurent Derré
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Valerio
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Tawadros
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Jichlinski
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Unit, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tu Nguyen-Ngoc
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel E Speiser
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Grégory Verdeil
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Lana Kandalaft
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camilla Jandus
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Ménétrier-Caux
- Department of Immunology Virology and Inflammation, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008, Lyon, France.,INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Caux
- Department of Immunology Virology and Inflammation, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008, Lyon, France.,INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Harari
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Selena Vigano
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Bohner P, Chevalier MF, Cesson V, Rodrigues-Dias SC, Dartiguenave F, Burruni R, Tawadros T, Valerio M, Lucca I, Nardelli-Haefliger D, Jichlinski P, Derré L. Double Positive CD4 +CD8 + T Cells Are Enriched in Urological Cancers and Favor T Helper-2 Polarization. Front Immunol 2019; 10:622. [PMID: 30984190 PMCID: PMC6450069 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a central role in cancer development, showing both anti-tumor and pro-tumor activities depending on the immune cell subsets and the disease context. While CD8 T cells are associated with a favorable outcome in most cancers, only T helper type 1 (Th1) CD4 T cells play a protective role, in contrast to Th2 CD4 T cells. Double positive (DP) CD4+CD8+ T cells remain understudied, although they were already described in human cancers, with conflicting data regarding their role. Here, we quantified and phenotypically/functionally characterized DP T cells in blood from urological cancer patients. We analyzed blood leukocytes of 24 healthy donors (HD) and 114 patients with urological cancers, including bladder (n = 54), prostate (n = 31), and kidney (n = 29) cancer patients using 10-color flow cytometry. As compared to HD, levels of circulating DP T cells were elevated in all urological cancer patients, which could be attributed to increased frequencies of both CD4highCD8low and CD4+CD8high DP T-cell subsets. Of note, most CD4highCD8low DP T cells show a CD8αα phenotype, whereas CD4+CD8high cells express both CD8α and CD8β subunits. Functional properties were investigated using ex-vivo generated DP T-cell clones. DP T cells from patients were skewed toward an effector memory phenotype, along with enhanced Th2 cytokine production. Interestingly, both CD8αα and CD8αβ DP T cells were able to trigger Th2 polarization of naïve CD4 T cells, while restraining Th1 induction. Thus, these data highlight a previously unrecognized immunoregulatory mechanism involving DP CD4+CD8+ T cells in urological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrine Bohner
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu F Chevalier
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Cesson
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Florence Dartiguenave
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rodolfo Burruni
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Tawadros
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Valerio
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Lucca
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denise Nardelli-Haefliger
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Jichlinski
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Derré
- Urology Research Unit, Urology Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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9
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Herrera FG, Valerio M, Berthold D, Tawadros T, Meuwly JY, Vallet V, Baumgartner P, Thierry AC, De Bari B, Jichlinski P, Kandalaft L, Coukos G, Harari A, Bourhis J. 50-Gy Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy to the Dominant Intraprostatic Nodule: Results From a Phase 1a/b Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 103:320-334. [PMID: 30267761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although localized prostate cancer (PCa) is multifocal, the dominant intraprostatic nodule (DIN) is responsible for disease progression after radiation therapy. PCa expresses antigens that could be recognized by the immune system. We therefore hypothesized that stereotactic dose escalation to the DIN is safe, may increase local control, and may initiate tumor-specific immune responses. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with localized PCa were treated with stereotactic extreme hypofractionated doses of 36.25 Gy in 5 fractions to the whole prostate while simultaneously escalating doses to the magnetic resonance image-visible DIN (45 Gy, 47.5 Gy, and 50 Gy in 5 fractions). The phase 1a part was designed to determine the recommended phase 1b dose in a "3 + 3" cohort-based, dose-escalation design. The primary endpoint was dose-limiting toxicities defined as ≥grade 3 gastrointestinal (GI) or genitourinary (GU) toxicity (or both) by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4) up to 90 days after the first radiation fraction. The secondary endpoints were prostate-specific antigen kinetics, quality of life (QoL), and blood immunologic responses. RESULTS Nine patients were treated in phase 1a. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed at either level, and therefore the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. Further characterization of tolerability, efficacy, and immunologic outcomes was conducted in the subsequent 11 patients irradiated at the highest dose level (50 Gy) in the phase 1b expansion cohort. Toxicity was 45% and 25% for grades 1 and 2 GU, and 20% and 5% for grades 1 and 2 GI, respectively. No grade 3 or worse toxicity was reported. The average (±standard error of the mean) of the QoL assessments at baseline and at 3-month posttreatment were 0.8 (±0.8) and 3.5 (±1.5) for the bowel (mean difference, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-5), and 6.4 (±0.8) and 7.27 (±0.9) for the International Prostate Symptom Score (mean difference, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-1.9), respectively. A subset of patients developed antigen-specific immune responses against prostate-specific membrane antigen (n = 2), prostatic acid phosphatase (n = 1), prostate stem cell antigen (n = 4), and prostate-specific antigen (n = 2). CONCLUSIONS Irradiation of the whole prostate with 36.25 Gy in 5 fractions and dose escalation to 50 Gy to the DIN was tolerable and determined as the recommended phase 1b dose. This treatment has promising antitumor activity, which will be confirmed by the ongoing phase 2 part. Preliminary QoL analysis showed minimal impact in GU, GI, and sexual domains. Stereotactic irradiation induced antigen-specific immune responses in a subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda G Herrera
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Massimo Valerio
- Department of Oncology, Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Berthold
- Department of Oncology, Medical Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Tawadros
- Department of Oncology, Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Yves Meuwly
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Veronique Vallet
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Petra Baumgartner
- Department of Oncology, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Christine Thierry
- Department of Oncology, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Berardino De Bari
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Jichlinski
- Department of Oncology, Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lana Kandalaft
- Department of Oncology, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Department of Oncology, Medical Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Harari
- Department of Oncology, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Bourhis
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Tawadros
- a Department of Urology , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Massimo Valerio
- a Department of Urology , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois , Lausanne , Switzerland.,b Department of Urology , University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK.,c Division of Surgery and Interventional Science , University College London , London , UK
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11
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Burruni R, Lhermitte B, Cerantola Y, Tawadros T, Meuwly JY, Berthold D, Jichlinski P, Valerio M. The role of renal biopsy in small renal masses. Can Urol Assoc J 2016; 10:E28-33. [PMID: 26858784 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.3417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Renal biopsy is being increasingly proposed as a diagnostic tool to characterize small renal masses (SRM). Indeed, the wide adoption of imaging in the diagnostic workup of many diseases had led to a substantial increased incidence of SRM (diameter ≤4 cm). While modern ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have high sensitivity for detecting SRM, none is able to accurately and reliably characterize them in terms of histological features. This is currently of key importance in guiding clinical decision-making in some situations, and in these cases renal biopsy should be considered. In this review, we aim to summarize the technique, diagnostic performance, and predicting factors of nondiagnostic biopsy, as well as the future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Burruni
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Lhermitte
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yannick Cerantola
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Tawadros
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Yves Meuwly
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Berthold
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Jichlinski
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Valerio
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Burruni R, Cerantola Y, Meuwly JY, Tawadros T, Jichlinski P, Valerio M. [Prostate biopsy: which strategy for which patient?]. Rev Med Suisse 2015; 11:2288-2292. [PMID: 26785527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The adoption of multiparametric MRI within the diagnostic pathway has allowed urologists to move from random biopsy to targeted biopsy directed towards MR-visible lesions. The use of software for MR to TRUS fusion may enhance the diagnostic accuracy of targeted biopsy. To determine the eligibility for tissue-preserving approaches, further precision is required, and template prostate mapping biopsy may be offered. The employment of novel biopsy techniques provide better characterisation of the disease, and allows a tailored approach to a single subject.
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13
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Tawadros C, Burnett K, Derbyshire LF, Tawadros T, Clarke NW, Betts CD. External urethral sphincter electromyography in asymptomatic women and the influence of the menstrual cycle. BJU Int 2015; 116:423-31. [PMID: 25600712 DOI: 10.1111/bju.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate by electromyography (EMG), the presence of complex repetitive discharges (CRDs) and decelerating bursts (DBs) in the striated external urethral sphincter during the menstrual cycle in female volunteers with no urinary symptoms and complete bladder emptying. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Healthy female volunteers aged 20-40 years, with regular menstrual cycles and no urinary symptoms were recruited. Volunteers completed a menstruation chart, urinary symptom questionnaires, pregnancy test, urine dipstick, urinary free flow and post-void ultrasound bladder scan. Exclusion criteria included current pregnancy, use of hormonal medication or contraception, body mass index of >35 kg/m(2) , incomplete voiding and a history of pelvic surgery. Eligible participants underwent an external urethral sphincter EMG, using a needle electrode in the early follicular phase and the mid-luteal phase of their menstrual cycles. Serum oestradiol and progesterone were measured at each EMG test. RESULTS In all, 119 women enquired about the research and following screening, 18 were eligible to enter the study phase. Complete results were obtained in 15 women. In all, 30 EMG tests were undertaken in the 15 asymptomatic women. Sphincter EMG was positive for CRDs and DBs at one or both phases of the menstrual cycle in eight (53%) of the women. Three had CRDs and DBs in both early follicular and mid-luteal phases. Five had normal EMG activity in the early follicular phase and CRDs and DBs in the mid-luteal phase. No woman had abnormal EMG activity in the early follicular phase and normal activity in the luteal phase. There was no relationship between EMG activity and age, parity or serum levels of oestradiol and progesterone. CONCLUSIONS CRDs and DB activity in the external striated urethral sphincter is present in a high proportion of asymptomatic young women. This abnormal EMG activity has been shown for the first time to change during the menstrual cycle in individual women. CRDs and DBs are more commonly found in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The importance of CRDs and DBs in the aetiology of urinary retention in young women remains uncertain. The distribution and or quantity of abnormal EMG activity in the external urethral sphincter may be important. In a woman with urinary retention the finding of CRDs and DBs by needle EMG does not automatically establish Fowler's syndrome as the explanation for the bladder dysfunction. Urethral pressure profilometry may be helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Opiate use and psychological stress should be considered in young women with urinary retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Tawadros
- Department of Urology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.,Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katherine Burnett
- Department of Urology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | | | - Thomas Tawadros
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Noel W Clarke
- Department of Urology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.,Department of Urology, Christie Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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14
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Kabongo OM, Tawadros T, Jichlinski P, Valerio M. [Multimodal surgical management of stones in the upper urinary tract]. Rev Med Suisse 2014; 10:2316-2321. [PMID: 25626248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Emergency and differed urinary stone treatment are basic challenges in daily urological practice. By proposing the complete range of treatment and by improving medical and paramedical skills, management of stone patients can be optimized. In this article, we present the latest developments in stone treatment as well as our experiences with new technologies.
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15
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Valerio M, Benamran D, Tawadros T, Cerantola Y, Meuwly JY, Lutchmaya-Flick C, Lhermitte B, Wirth G, Iselin C, Jichlinski P. [Focal therapy in prostate cancer: rationale, results and perspectives]. Rev Med Suisse 2014; 10:2306-2310. [PMID: 25626246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Focal therapy is a novel treatment strategy in prostate cancer aiming to treat only the area of the gland harbouring clinically significant disease. The overall objective is to maintain the oncological benefit of active treatment while minimising treatment-related morbidity. Leading centres are currently evaluating various minimally invasive technologies in a rigorous manner. Oncological and functional results in mid-term are encouraging with low rate of urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. However, the oncological outcome needs to be evaluated in the long-term in the light of the prolonged natural history of the disease.
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16
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Vlamopoulos Y, Jichlinski P, Tawadros T. [The aging male: a global approach to late onset hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction]. Rev Med Suisse 2014; 10:2328-2331. [PMID: 25626250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The concept of aging male is defined by an age in which might appear some clinical symptoms. These symptoms, including erectile dysfunction (ED), are sometimes similar to those met in the late onset hypogonadism. Simultaneously, cardiovascular diseases increase with age and are associated with ED. The diagnosis of ED, associated or not with late onset hypogonadism, is mostly clinical. Its management will include PDE-5 which are generally well tolerated. Early detection of late onset hypogonadism is recommended as testosterone substitution improves quality of life. Although testosterone substitution needs to be carefully monitored, there is no clear evidence of increased risk of prostate cancer or cardiovascular disease.
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17
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Brown M, Roulson JA, Hart CA, Tawadros T, Clarke NW. Arachidonic acid induction of Rho-mediated transendothelial migration in prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:2099-108. [PMID: 24595005 PMCID: PMC3992515 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone metastases in prostate cancer (CaP) result in CaP-related morbidity/mortality. The omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) arachidonic acid (AA) and lipophilic statins affect metastasis-like behaviour in CaP cells, regulating the critical metastatic step of CaP migration to the bone marrow stroma. METHODS Microscopic analysis and measurement of adhesion and invasion of CaP cells through bone marrow endothelial cells (BMEC) was undertaken with AA stimulation and/or simvastatin (SIM) treatment. Amoeboid characteristics of PC-3, PC3-GFP and DU-145 were analysed by western blotting and Rho assays. RESULTS The CaP cell lines PC-3, PC3-GFP and DU-145 share the ability to migrate across a BMEC layer. Specific amoeboid inhibition decreased transendothelial migration (TEM). AA stimulates amoeboid characteristics, driven by Rho signalling. Selective knock-down of components of the Rho pathway (RhoA, RhoC, Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) and ROCK2) showed that Rho signalling is crucial to TEM. Functions of these components were analysed, regarding adhesion to BMEC, migration in 2D and the induction of the amoeboid phenotype by AA. TEM was reduced by SIM treatment of PC3-GFP and DU-145, which inhibited Rho pathway signalling. CONCLUSIONS AA-induced TEM is mediated by the induction of a Rho-driven amoeboid phenotype. Inhibition of this cell migratory process may be an important therapeutic target in high-risk CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brown
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Paterson Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - J-A Roulson
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Paterson Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - C A Hart
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Paterson Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - T Tawadros
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Paterson Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - N W Clarke
- 1] Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Paterson Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK [2] Department of Urology, Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
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18
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Abstract
A fungal mass in the urinary tract (fungus ball), mainly occurring in compromised patients, is a rare and dangerous complication of candiduria. We report 2 cases of fungus ball associated with hydronephrosis and sepsis. As reported in the literature, we treated the first patient by prompt relief of obstruction by nephrostomy and local and systemic antifungal agent. The second patient failed to respond to this treatment due to a distal ureteral stenosis and required open surgery with fungus ball removal and ureteral reimplantation. Despite a large success in urinary tract drainage with antifungal treatments, some cases need a modified approach due to anatomical modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Praz
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Service of Urology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rodolfo Burruni
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Service of Urology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florian Meid
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Service of Urology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc Wisard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Service of Urology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Jichlinski
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Service of Urology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Tawadros
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Service of Urology, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Tawadros T, Burruni R, Herrera F, Codeluppi C, Zurkinden C, Meuwly JY, Lhermitte B, Berthold D. [Prostate cancer center: a multidisciplinary approach to accurately manage patients with prostate cancer]. Rev Med Suisse 2013; 9:2270-2274. [PMID: 24416882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The prostate cancer is a complex pathology involving oncological, functional and psychosocial items. The prostate's center of CHUV harmonize the know-how of urologists, oncologist, radiotherapists and clinical nurses to offer a global management to patients attempts by prostate cancer, from diagnosis to therapy and follow-up.
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20
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Tawadros C, Tawadros T, Julita L, Jichlinski P, Schurch B. [Benefit of a specialized multidisciplinary clinic in neuro-urology and functional urology]. Rev Med Suisse 2013; 9:2286-2288. [PMID: 24416885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Functional disorders encounter for a large amount of the medical activity, including in urology. The decreased quality of life due to lower urinary tract symptoms requires a prompt management, with primary assessment undergone in community. Referral to a specialist is required when simple management has failed, and whenever any of these coexists: hematuria, recurrent urinary infection, and neurological condition. The specialized clinic in neurourology and functional urology aim at further investigating the underlying disorder responsible for the urinary symptoms and preventing urinary tract complications. A multidisciplinary team is the key to accurately assess patients with regards to their bother and handicap, therefore offering the most appropriate conservative, medical or surgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Brigitte Schurch
- Service de neuropsychologie et neuroréhabilitation, CHUV, Lausanne
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21
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Pracht M, Herrera F, Tawadros T, Berthold D. [Immunotherapy: a therapeutic revolution against prostate cancer?]. Rev Med Suisse 2013; 9:1070-1075. [PMID: 23757912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between the immune system and cancer was an area of research interest for several decades. The recent U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of sipuleucel-T and ipilimumab stimulated broader interest in manipulating immunity to fight cancer. In the context of prostate cancer, the immunotherapy strategies under development are therapeutic vaccination strategies, such as sipuleucel-T and PROSTVAC-VF, or immune checkpoint blockade of CTLA-4. Improved understanding of the immune responses generated by the development of predictive biomarkers for patient selection will guide rational combinations of these treatments and provide new treatment options in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Pracht
- Département d'oncologie médicale, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne.
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22
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Brown MD, Tawadros T, Hart C, Clarke NW. Arachidonic acid drives amoeboid transendothelial invasion through ligand independent activation of EphA2. J Clin Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.31.6_suppl.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
221 Background: We have previously shown that the omega-6 poly unsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid is a potent stimulator of prostate epithelial transendothelial migration across the bone marrow endothelium and can completely restore the invasive stimulatory capacity of adipocyte depleted human bone marrow stroma. Arachidonic acid induces of EphA2 ligand independent signaling via pAkt with subsequent downstream activation of FAK and Src. Here we present further characterization of the arachidonic acid induced EphA2 pathway. Methods: Transendothelial migration of PC-3 cells across the bone marrow endothelial cell line BMEC was followed by time lapse microscopy and by SEM with or without amoeboid or mesenchymal inhibitors. Western blot analysis of the PC-3 cells or their lipid raft (LR) components post AA stimulation was conducted and signaling pathways validated by siRNA knockdown. Results: Initial studies demonstrated a requirement of PC-3 cells to undergo a mesenchymal to amoeboid switch for transendothelial migration towards bone marrow stroma. The mesenchymal to amoeboid switch was also induced by direct treatment with arachidonic acid as characterized by induction of the Rho/Rock pathway and phosphorylation of myosin light chain. Knockdown of EphA2 by siRNA blocked the induction of the mesenchymal to amoeboid switch and prevented transendothelial invasion. Conclusions: Malignant prostate epithelial cells undergo a switch from mesenchymal to amoeboid movement in response to arachidonic acid in order to cross the bone marrow endothelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mick D. Brown
- Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Tawadros
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Hart
- Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Noel W. Clarke
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Tawadros T, Alonso F, Jichlinski P, Clarke N, Calandra T, Haefliger JA, Roger T. Release of macrophage migration inhibitory factor by neuroendocrine-differentiated LNCaP cells sustains the proliferation and survival of prostate cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013. [PMID: 23207293 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of neuroendocrine (NE) characteristics by prostate cancer (PCa) cells is closely related to tumour progression and hormone resistance. The mechanisms by which NE cells influence PCa growth and progression are not fully understood. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in oncogenic processes, and MIF serum levels correlate with aggressiveness of PCa. Here, we investigated the regulation and the functional consequences of MIF expression during NE transdifferentiation of PCa cells. NE differentiation (NED) of LNCaP cells, initiated either by increasing intracellular levels of cAMP or by culturing cells in an androgen-depleted medium, was associated with markedly increased MIF release. Yet, intracellular MIF protein and mRNA levels and MIF gene promoter activity decreased during NED of LNCaP cells, suggesting that NED favours MIF release despite decreasing MIF synthesis. Adenoviral-mediated forced MIF expression in NE-differentiated LNCaP cells increased cell proliferation without affecting the expression of NE markers. Addition of exogenous recombinant MIF to LNCaP and PC-3 cells stimulated the AKT and ERK1/2 signalling pathways, the expression of genes involved in PCa, as well as proliferation and resistance to paclitaxel and thapsigargin-induced apoptosis. Altogether, these data provide evidence that increased MIF release during NED in PCa may facilitate cancer progression or recurrence, especially following androgen deprivation. Thus, MIF could represent an attractive target for PCa therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Tawadros
- Service of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Liew M, Tawadros T, Hart C, Brown M, Clarke N. 230 THE RENAL CELL CARCINOMA SIDE POPULATION: THE POTENTIAL USE OF TARGETED AGENTS AS NOVEL MDR MODULATORS TO CIRCUMVENT CHEMORESISTANCE. J Urol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.02.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jichlinski P, Berthold DR, Zouhair A, Griesser AC, Meuwly JY, Prior JO, Lhermitte B, Doerfler A, Treuthardt C, Praz V, Tawadros T, Vaucher L, Aymon D, Marazzi A, Levi F, Beckmann J, Leyvraz S, Bauer J. [Active surveillance for early-stage prostate cancer]. Rev Med Suisse 2009; 5:2442-2447. [PMID: 20088118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Diagnostic and treatment management of prostate cancer at its initial stage continues to raise important debates within the involved medical community. To establish a protocol for active surveillance, a validated option in specific conditions of localised prostate cancer management for eight years, is a unique opportunity to gather different specialists in this field. This paper presents this concept.
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Tawadros T, Doerfler A, Treuthardt C, Praz V, Levi F, Zouhair A, Berthold D, Bauer J, Iselin C, Jichlinski P. [Prostate cancer screening: an update]. Rev Med Suisse 2009; 5:2438-2441. [PMID: 20088117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer screening using PSA is controversial because of a low specificity and detection of non clinically relevant cancer. Two important studies have been published recently. One of two studies suggests a 20% lowering in specific prostate cancer mortality due to PSA screening. This benefit is relevant but implies at a high risk of overtreatment and treatment-related complications. Currently PSA screening is only proposed as an individual screening for informed patients.
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Cardinaux C, Tawadros T, Praz V, Wisard M, Treuthardt C, Jichlinski P. Ischemic cecal perforation secondary to ESWL of junctional stone in ureterosigmoidostomy (Mainz Pouch II). Urology 2008; 73:1423.e1-2. [PMID: 18639326 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We report an unusual case of ischemic cecal perforation after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for an impacted stone at the distal end of the right ureter of a ureterosigmoidostomy in a 78-year-old female patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cardinaux
- Service of Urology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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28
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Uffer M, Chollet Y, Cardinaux C, Erling C, Praz V, Ramadani D, Tawadros T, Treutherdt C, Wisard M, Zarkik Y, Jichlinski P. [Trends in urology]. Rev Med Suisse 2008; 4:166-168. [PMID: 18309882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The systemic treatment of kidney cancers is promising regarding the first results of the inhibiting molecules of the angiogenesis. Projections in research are encouraging for more specific and sensitive markers of the prostate cancer. For this last the intermittent hormonotherapy improves the quality of life of the patients. The overweight control in infertility allows greater chances of giving birth. The morbidity of the kidney percutaneous surgery is decreased by the use of smaller tools. Reduction rate of reobstruction thanks to new manufactoring stents. The botulinic toxin for the hyperactive bladder refunded by the health insurances.
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29
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Yang JY, Moulin N, van Bemmelen MX, Dubuis G, Tawadros T, Haefliger JA, Waeber G, Widmann C. Splice variant-specific stabilization of JNKs by IB1/JIP1. Cell Signal 2007; 19:2201-7. [PMID: 17669625 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Islet-Brain 1 (IB1) (also called JNK-interacting protein 1; JIP1) is a scaffold protein that tethers components of the JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway inducing a modulation of the activity and the target specificity of the JNK kinases. Dysfunctions in IB1 have been associated with diseases such as early type II diabetes. To gain more insight in the functions of IB1, its ability to modulate the expression levels of the various JNK proteins was assessed. Each of the three JNK genes gives rise to several splice variants encoding short or long proteins. The expression levels of the short JNK proteins, but not of the long variants, were systematically higher in rat tissues and in transformed cell lines expressing high IB1 levels compared to tissues and cells with no or low IB1 expression. HEK293 cells bearing a tetracycline-inducible IB1 construct showed a specific increase of the short JNK endogenous splice variants in the presence of tetracycline. The augmented expression level of the short JNK splice variants induced by IB1 resulted from an increased stability towards degradation. Modulation of the stability of specific JNK splice variants represents therefore a newly identified mechanism used by IB1 to regulate the JNK MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Yan Yang
- Department of Physiology, Biology and Medicine Faculty, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Chollet Y, Aymon D, Cardinaux C, Praz V, Tawadros T, Treuthardt C, Vaucher L, Wisard M, Zaman K, Zarkik Y, Jichlinski P. [Urology]. Rev Med Suisse 2007; 3:168-71. [PMID: 17354544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This reviewed publication summarized the newly therapeutic procedures in different urological pathologies. In the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), laser KTP with high power is now becoming a standard. For small benign testicle lesions, the surgical biopsy under echographic control avoid radical orchidectomy. In non-invasive bladder cancer, Hexvix fluorescence is gaining a wide acceptance. In invasive bladder cancer, new protocols of neoadjuvant chemotherapy demonstrate an increased interest. In renal cancer, immunomodulation and angiogenesis molecules seem to offer some hopes for advanced tumors. In bladder dysfunctions such as hyperactive bladder, new molecules have widens the range of the available treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chollet
- Infirmière, Service d'urologie, CHUV, Lausanne.
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31
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Tawadros T, Martin D, Abderrahmani A, Leisinger HJ, Waeber G, Haefliger JA. IB1/JIP-1 controls JNK activation and increased during prostatic LNCaP cells neuroendocrine differentiation. Cell Signal 2005; 17:929-39. [PMID: 15894166 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2004.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2004] [Revised: 11/12/2004] [Accepted: 11/12/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The scaffold protein Islet-Brain1/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase Interacting Protein-1 (IB1/JIP-1) is a modulator of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity, which has been implicated in pleiotrophic cellular functions including cell differentiation, division, and death. In this study, we described the presence of IB1/JIP-1 in epithelium of the rat prostate as well as in the human prostatic LNCaP cells. We investigated the functional role of IB1/JIP-1 in LNCaP cells exposed to the proapoptotic agent N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR) which induced a reduction of IB1/JIP-1 content and a concomittant increase in JNK activity. Conversely, IB1/JIP-1 overexpression using a viral gene transfer prevented the JNK activation and the 4-HPR-induced apoptosis was blunted. In prostatic adenocarcinoma cells, the neuroendocrine (NE) phenotype acquisition is associated with tumor progression and androgen independence. During NE transdifferentiation of LNCaP cells, IB1/JIP-1 levels were increased. This regulated expression of IB1/JIP-1 is secondary to a loss of the neuronal transcriptional repressor neuron restrictive silencing factor (NRSF/REST) function which is known to repress IB1/JIP-1. Together, these results indicated that IB1/JIP-1 participates to the neuronal phenotype of the human LNCaP cells and is a regulator of JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Tawadros
- Service of Urology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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32
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Martin D, Tawadros T, Meylan L, Abderrahmani A, Condorelli DF, Waeber G, Haefliger JA. Critical role of the transcriptional repressor neuron-restrictive silencer factor in the specific control of connexin36 in insulin-producing cell lines. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:53082-9. [PMID: 14565956 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m306861200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Connexin36 (Cx36) is specifically expressed in neurons and in pancreatic beta-cells. Cx36 functions as a critical regulator of insulin secretion and content in beta-cells. In order to identify the molecular mechanisms that control the beta-cell expression of Cx36, we initiated the characterization of the human 5' regulatory region of the CX36 gene. A 2043-bp fragment of the human CX36 promoter was identified from a human BAC library and fused to a luciferase reporter gene. This promoter region was sufficient to confer specific expression to the reporter gene in insulin-secreting cell lines. Within this 5' regulatory region, a putative neuron-restrictive silencer element conserved between rodent and human species was recognized and binds the neuron-restrictive silencing factor (NRSF/REST). This factor is not expressed in insulin-secreting cells and neurons; it functions as a potent repressor through the recruitment of histone deacetylase to the promoter of neuronal genes. The NRSF-mediated repression of Cx36 in HeLa cells was abolished by trichostatin A, confirming the functional importance of histone deacetylase activity. Ectopic expression, by viral gene transfer, of NRSF/REST in different insulin-secreting beta-cell lines induced a marked reduction in Cx36 mRNA and protein content. Moreover, mutations in the Cx36 neuron-restrictive silencer element relieved the low transcriptional activity of the human CX36 promoter observed in HeLa cells and in INS-1 cells expressing NRSF/REST. The data showed that cx36 gene expression in insulin-producing beta-cell lines is strictly controlled by the transcriptional repressor NRSF/REST indicating that Cx36 participates to the neuronal phenotype of the pancreatic beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, CHUV-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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33
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Haefliger JA, Tawadros T, Meylan L, Gurun SL, Roehrich ME, Martin D, Thorens B, Waeber G. The scaffold protein IB1/JIP-1 is a critical mediator of cytokine-induced apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells. J Cell Sci 2003; 116:1463-9. [PMID: 12640031 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In insulin-secreting cells, cytokines activate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which contributes to a cell signaling towards apoptosis. The JNK activation requires the presence of the murine scaffold protein JNK-interacting protein 1 (JIP-1) or human Islet-brain 1(IB1), which organizes MLK3, MKK7 and JNK for proper signaling specificity. Here, we used adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to modulate IB1/JIP-1 cellular content in order to investigate the contribution of IB1/JIP-1 to beta-cell survival. Exposure of the insulin-producing cell line INS-1 or isolated rat pancreatic islets to cytokines (interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta) induced a marked reduction of IB1/JIP-1 content and a concomitant increase in JNK activity and apoptosis rate. This JNK-induced pro-apoptotic program was prevented in INS-1 cells by overproducing IB1/JIP-1 and this effect was associated with inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage. Conversely, reducing IB1/JIP-1 content in INS-1 cells and isolated pancreatic islets induced a robust increase in basal and cytokine-stimulated apoptosis. In heterozygous mice carrying a selective disruption of the IB1/JIP-1 gene, the reduction in IB1/JIP-1 content in happloinsufficient isolated pancreatic islets was associated with an increased JNK activity and basal apoptosis. These data demonstrate that modulation of the IB1-JIP-1 content in beta cells is a crucial regulator of JNK signaling pathway and of cytokine-induced apoptosis.
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Tawadros T, Meda P, Leisinger HJ, Waeber G, Haefliger JA. Connexin26 is regulated in rat urothelium by the scaffold protein IB1/JIP-1. Cell Commun Adhes 2003; 8:303-6. [PMID: 12064607 DOI: 10.3109/15419060109080742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Proper function of the wall of bladder requires gap junctional communication for coordinating the responses of smooth muscle (SMC) and urothelial cells exposed to urine pressure. In the rat bladder, Cx43 is expressed by SMC and urothelial cells, whereas Cx26 expression is restricted to the epithelium. We used a model of bladder outlet obstruction, in which a ligature is placed around the urethra to increase voiding pressure. Increased fluid pressure was associated with increased Cx43 and Cx26 mRNA expression and with the activation of a signaling cascade including the transcription factor c-Jun, which is a component of the AP-1 complex. The signaling pathway of the c-Jun NH2 terminal kinase (JNK) requires the presence of the scaffold protein Islet-Brain1/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase Interacting Protein-1 (IB1/JIP-1). Under stress conditions resulting from urine retention, we have found a reduced content of IB1/JIP-1 in urothelial cells, which in turn induced a drastic increase of JNK and AP-1 binding activities. The stress-induced activation of JNK was prevented by overexpressing IB1/JIP-1, using a viral gene transfer approach, a condition which also resulted in a decrease in Cx26 mRNA. The data show that: 1) mechanical stress of urothelial cells activates in vivo JNK, as a consequence of a regulated expression of IB1/JIP-1 and 2) that urothelial Cx26 may be directly regulated by the AP-1 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tawadros
- Service of Urology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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35
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Haefliger JA, Tissières P, Tawadros T, Formenton A, Bény JL, Nicod P, Frey P, Meda P. Connexins 43 and 26 are differentially increased after rat bladder outlet obstruction. Exp Cell Res 2002; 274:216-25. [PMID: 11900482 DOI: 10.1006/excr.2001.5465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the regulation of connexin expression by fluid pressure, we have studied the effects of elevated transmural urine pressure on Connexin43 (Cx43) and Cx26. We chose to focus on these two proteins out of the five connexins (Cx26, 43, 40, 37, and 45) which we found by RT-PCR to be expressed in the rat bladder, since in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence showed that Cx43 is the predominant connexin expressed by smooth muscle cells (SMC), whereas Cx26 is abundantly expressed only in the latter cell type. To evaluate whether these connexins are affected by changes in transmural urine pressure, we used a rat model of bladder outlet obstruction, in which a ligature is placed around the urethra. Under conditions of increased fluid pressure due to urine retention, we observed that the expression of both Cx43 and Cx26 increased at both transcript and protein levels, reaching a maximum 7-9 h after the ligature. Further analysis revealed that these changes were accounted for by a fourfold increase in Cx43 mRNA of SMC but not urothelial cell and by a fivefold increase in Cx26 mRNA of urothelium. Scrape-loading of propidium iodide showed that the latter change was paralleled by a twofold increase in coupling between urothelial cells. The data show that Cx43 and Cx26 are differentially regulated during bladder outlet obstruction and contribute to the response of the bladder wall to increased voiding pressure, possibly to control its elasticity.
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36
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Tawadros T, Formenton A, Dudler J, Thompson N, Nicod P, Leisinger HJ, Waeber G, Haefliger JA. The scaffold protein IB1/JIP-1 controls the activation of JNK in rat stressed urothelium. J Cell Sci 2002; 115:385-93. [PMID: 11839789 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.115.2.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is critical for cell survival, differentiation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. This signalling pathway requires the presence of the scaffold protein Islet-Brain1/c-Jun N-terminal kinase interacting protein-1 (IB1/JIP-1). Immunolabeling and in situ hybridisation of bladder sections showed that IB1/JIP-1 is expressed in urothelial cells. The functional role of IB1/JIP-1 in the urothelium was therefore studied in vivo in a model of complete rat bladder outlet obstruction. This parietal stress, which is due to urine retention, reduced the content of IB1/JIP-1 in urothelial cells and consequently induced a drastic increase in JNK activity and AP-1 binding activity. Using a viral gene transfer approach, the stress-induced activation of JNK was prevented by overexpressing IB1/JIP-1. Conversely, the JNK activity was increased in urothelial cells where the IB1/JIP-1 content was experimentally reduced using an antisense RNA strategy. Furthermore, JNK activation was found to be increased in non-stressed urothelial cells of heterozygous mice carrying a selective disruption of the IB1/JIP-1 gene. These data established that mechanical stress in urothelial cells in vivo induces a robust JNK activation as a consequence of regulated expression of the scaffold protein IB1/JIP-1. This result highlights a critical role for that scaffold protein in the homeostasis of the urothelium and unravels a new potential target to regulate the JNK pathway in this tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Tawadros
- Department of Internal Medicine, Service of Urology, University Hospital, CHUV-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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37
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Thompson NA, Haefliger JA, Senn A, Tawadros T, Magara F, Ledermann B, Nicod P, Waeber G. Islet-brain1/JNK-interacting protein-1 is required for early embryogenesis in mice. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:27745-8. [PMID: 11390367 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c100222200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet-brain1/JNK-interacting protein-1 (IB1/JIP-1) is a scaffold protein that organizes the JNK, MKK7, and MLK1 to allow signaling specificity. Targeted disruption of the gene MAPK8IP1 encoding IB1/JIP-1 in mice led to embryonic death prior to blastocyst implantation. In culture, no IB1/JIP-1(-/-) embryos were identified indicating that accelerated cell death occurred during the first cell cycles. IB1/JIP-1 expression was detected in unfertilized oocytes, in spermatozoa, and in different stages of embryo development. Thus, despite the maternal and paternal transmission of the IB1/JIP-1 protein, early transcription of the MAPK8IP1 gene is required for the survival of the fertilized oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Thompson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Cellular Biology and Morphology and the Reproductive Medicine Unit, CHUV-University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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