1
|
Grellier J, White MP, de Bell S, Brousse O, Elliott LR, Fleming LE, Heaviside C, Simpson C, Taylor T, Wheeler BW, Lovell R. Valuing the health benefits of nature-based recreational physical activity in England. Environ Int 2024; 187:108667. [PMID: 38642505 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of several non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Natural environments support recreational PA. Using data including a representative cross-sectional survey of the English population, we estimated the annual value of nature-based PA conducted in England in 2019 in terms of avoided healthcare and societal costs of disease. Population-representative data from the Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment (MENE) survey (n = 47,580; representing 44,386,756) were used to estimate the weekly volume of nature-based recreational PA by adults in England in 2019. We used epidemiological dose-response data to calculate incident cases of six NCDs (ischaemic heart disease (IHD), ischaemic stroke (IS), type 2 diabetes (T2D), colon cancer (CC), breast cancer (BC) and major depressive disorder (MDD)) prevented through nature-based PA, and estimated associated savings using published costs of healthcare, informal care and productivity losses. We investigated additional savings resulting from hypothetical increases in: (a) visitor PA and (b) visitor numbers. In 2019, 22million adults > 16 years of age in England visited natural environments at least weekly. At reported volumes of nature-based PA, we estimated that 550 cases of IHD, 168 cases of IS, 1,410 cases of T2D, 41 cases of CC, 37 cases of BC and 10,552 cases of MDD were prevented, creating annual savings of £108.7million (95 % uncertainty interval: £70.3million; £150.3million). Nature-based recreational PA in England results in reduced burden of disease and considerable annual savings through prevention of priority NCDs. Strategies that increase nature-based PA could lead to further reductions in the societal burden of NCDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Grellier
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK; Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Mathew P White
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK; Vienna Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Kolingasse 14-16, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Siân de Bell
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK; Exeter HS&DR Evidence Synthesis Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Oscar Brousse
- The Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, Faculty of the Built Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lewis R Elliott
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Lora E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Clare Heaviside
- The Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, Faculty of the Built Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Charles Simpson
- The Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, Faculty of the Built Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tim Taylor
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Benedict W Wheeler
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Rebecca Lovell
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Taylor T. An Afterword to Rise of the Self-Replicators: Placing John A. Etzler, Frigyes Karinthy, Fred Stahl, and Others in the Early History of Thought About Self-Reproducing Machines. Artif Life 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38271598 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This article is an afterword to the book Rise of the Self-Replicators: Early Visions of Machines, AI and Robots That Can Reproduce and Evolve, coauthored by Tim Taylor and Alan Dorin (2020). The book covered the early history of thought about self-reproducing and evolving machines, from initial speculations in the 17th century up to the early 1960s (from which point onward the more recent history is already well covered elsewhere). This article supplements the material discussed in the book by presenting several relevant sources that have come to the author's attention since the book was published. The most significant additions to the history are from the German-born, 19th-century inventor and utopian John Adolphus Etzler in the 1830s-1840s, the Hungarian author and satirist Frigyes Karinthy in 1916, and the U.S. mathematician and computer scientist Fred Stahl in 1960.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Taylor
- Independent Researcher
- University of London, International Programmes in Computing.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Weisberg DB, Leuer J, McClenaghan J, Yu JH, Wehner W, McLaughlin K, Abrams T, Barr J, Grierson B, Lyons B, MacDonald JR, Meneghini O, Petty CC, Pinsker RI, Sinclair G, Solomon WM, Taylor T, Thackston K, Thomas D, van Compernolle B, VanZeeland M, Zeller K. An Integrated Design Study for an Advanced Tokamak to Close Physics Gaps in Energy Confinement and Power Exhaust. Fusion Science and Technology 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2022.2149210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. B. Weisberg
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - J. Leuer
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - J. McClenaghan
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - J. H. Yu
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - W. Wehner
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - K. McLaughlin
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - T. Abrams
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - J. Barr
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - B. Grierson
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - B. Lyons
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - J. R. MacDonald
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - O. Meneghini
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - C. C. Petty
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - R. I. Pinsker
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - G. Sinclair
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - W. M. Solomon
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - T. Taylor
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - K. Thackston
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - D. Thomas
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | | | - M. VanZeeland
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - K. Zeller
- General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tan YP, Bishop-Hurley SL, Shivas RG, Cowan DA, Maggs-Kölling G, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Pinruan U, Bransgrove KL, De la Peña-Lastra S, Larsson E, Lebel T, Mahadevakumar S, Mateos A, Osieck ER, Rigueiro-Rodríguez A, Sommai S, Ajithkumar K, Akulov A, Anderson FE, Arenas F, Balashov S, Bañares Á, Berger DK, Bianchinotti MV, Bien S, Bilański P, Boxshall AG, Bradshaw M, Broadbridge J, Calaça FJS, Campos-Quiroz C, Carrasco-Fernández J, Castro JF, Chaimongkol S, Chandranayaka S, Chen Y, Comben D, Dearnaley JDW, Ferreira-Sá AS, Dhileepan K, Díaz ML, Divakar PK, Xavier-Santos S, Fernández-Bravo A, Gené J, Guard FE, Guerra M, Gunaseelan S, Houbraken J, Janik-Superson K, Jankowiak R, Jeppson M, Jurjević Ž, Kaliyaperumal M, Kelly LA, Kezo K, Khalid AN, Khamsuntorn P, Kidanemariam D, Kiran M, Lacey E, Langer GJ, López-Llorca LV, Luangsa-Ard JJ, Lueangjaroenkit P, Lumbsch HT, Maciá-Vicente JG, Mamatha Bhanu LS, Marney TS, Marqués-Gálvez JE, Morte A, Naseer A, Navarro-Ródenas A, Oyedele O, Peters S, Piskorski S, Quijada L, Ramírez GH, Raja K, Razzaq A, Rico VJ, Rodríguez A, Ruszkiewicz-Michalska M, Sánchez RM, Santelices C, Savitha AS, Serrano M, Leonardo-Silva L, Solheim H, Somrithipol S, Sreenivasa MY, Stępniewska H, Strapagiel D, Taylor T, Torres-Garcia D, Vauras J, Villarreal M, Visagie CM, Wołkowycki M, Yingkunchao W, Zapora E, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1436-1477. Persoonia 2022; 49:261-350. [PMID: 38234383 PMCID: PMC10792226 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2022.49.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Argentina, Colletotrichum araujiae on leaves, stems and fruits of Araujia hortorum. Australia, Agaricus pateritonsus on soil, Curvularia fraserae on dying leaf of Bothriochloa insculpta, Curvularia millisiae from yellowing leaf tips of Cyperus aromaticus, Marasmius brunneolorobustus on well-rotted wood, Nigrospora cooperae from necrotic leaf of Heteropogon contortus, Penicillium tealii from the body of a dead spider, Pseudocercospora robertsiorum from leaf spots of Senna tora, Talaromyces atkinsoniae from gills of Marasmius crinis-equi and Zasmidium pearceae from leaf spots of Smilaxglyciphylla. Brazil, Preussia bezerrensis from air. Chile, Paraconiothyrium kelleni from the rhizosphere of Fragaria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis f. chiloensis. Finland, Inocybe udicola on soil in mixed forest with Betula pendula, Populus tremula, Picea abies and Alnus incana. France, Myrmecridium normannianum on dead culm of unidentified Poaceae. Germany, Vexillomyces fraxinicola from symptomless stem wood of Fraxinus excelsior. India, Diaporthe limoniae on infected fruit of Limonia acidissima, Didymella naikii on leaves of Cajanus cajan, and Fulvifomes mangroviensis on basal trunk of Aegiceras corniculatum. Indonesia, Penicillium ezekielii from Zea mays kernels. Namibia, Neocamarosporium calicoremae and Neocladosporium calicoremae on stems of Calicorema capitata, and Pleiochaeta adenolobi on symptomatic leaves of Adenolobus pechuelii. Netherlands, Chalara pteridii on stems of Pteridium aquilinum, Neomackenziella juncicola (incl. Neomackenziella gen. nov.) and Sporidesmiella junci from dead culms of Juncus effusus. Pakistan, Inocybe longistipitata on soil in a Quercus forest. Poland, Phytophthora viadrina from rhizosphere soil of Quercus robur, and Septoria krystynae on leaf spots of Viscum album. Portugal (Azores), Acrogenospora stellata on dead wood or bark. South Africa, Phyllactinia greyiae on leaves of Greyia sutherlandii and Punctelia anae on bark of Vachellia karroo. Spain, Anteaglonium lusitanicum on decaying wood of Prunus lusitanica subsp. lusitanica, Hawksworthiomyces riparius from fluvial sediments, Lophiostoma carabassense endophytic in roots of Limbarda crithmoides, and Tuber mohedanoi from calcareus soils. Spain (Canary Islands), Mycena laurisilvae on stumps and woody debris. Sweden, Elaphomyces geminus from soil under Quercus robur. Thailand, Lactifluus chiangraiensis on soil under Pinus merkusii, Lactifluus nakhonphanomensis and Xerocomus sisongkhramensis on soil under Dipterocarpus trees. Ukraine, Valsonectria robiniae on dead twigs of Robinia hispida. USA, Spiralomyces americanus (incl. Spiralomyces gen. nov.) from office air. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes. Citation: Tan YP, Bishop-Hurley SL, Shivas RG, et al. 2022. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1436-1477. Persoonia 49: 261-350. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2022.49.08.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y P Tan
- Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - S L Bishop-Hurley
- Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - R G Shivas
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - D A Cowan
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - S S N Maharachchikumbura
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Centre for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611 731, P.R. China
| | - U Pinruan
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group (ACBG), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - K L Bransgrove
- Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba 4880, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - E Larsson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, and Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, SE40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - T Lebel
- State Herbarium of South Australia, Department for Environment and Water, Hackney Road, Adelaide 5000, South Australia
| | - S Mahadevakumar
- Forest Pathology Department, Division of Forest Protection, KSCSTE-Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi - 680 653, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - A Mateos
- Sociedad Micológica Extremeña, C/ Sagitario 14, 10001 Cáceres, Spain
| | - E R Osieck
- Jkvr. C.M. van Asch van Wijcklaan 19, 3972 ST Driebergen-Rijsenburg, The Netherlands
| | | | - S Sommai
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group (ACBG), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - K Ajithkumar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - A Akulov
- Department of Mycology and Plant Resistance, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Maidan Svobody 4, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - F E Anderson
- CERZOS-UNS-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - F Arenas
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - S Balashov
- EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA
| | - Á Bañares
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de La Laguna, Apdo. 456, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias
| | - D K Berger
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M V Bianchinotti
- CERZOS-UNS-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, UNS, San Juan 670, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - S Bien
- Sect. Mycology and Complex Diseases, Dept. Forest Protection, Northwest German Forest Research Institute (NW-FVA), Grätzelstr. 2, 37079 Göttingen, Germany
| | - P Bilański
- Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - A-G Boxshall
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Bradshaw
- Harvard University, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | - F J S Calaça
- Laboratory of Basic, Applied Mycology and Scientific Dissemination (FungiLab), State University of Goiás, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - C Campos-Quiroz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán, Ñuble, Chile
| | - J Carrasco-Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán, Ñuble, Chile
| | - J F Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán, Ñuble, Chile
| | - S Chaimongkol
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group (ACBG), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S Chandranayaka
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Y Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Centre for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611 731, P.R. China
| | - D Comben
- Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - J D W Dearnaley
- School of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Science, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - A S Ferreira-Sá
- Laboratory of Basic, Applied Mycology and Scientific Dissemination (FungiLab), State University of Goiás, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - K Dhileepan
- Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - M L Díaz
- CERZOS-UNS-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, UNS, San Juan 670, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - P K Divakar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany (DU Botany), Faculty of Pharmacy, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Xavier-Santos
- Laboratory of Basic, Applied Mycology and Scientific Dissemination (FungiLab), State University of Goiás, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - A Fernández-Bravo
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - J Gené
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | | | - M Guerra
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán, Ñuble, Chile
| | - S Gunaseelan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K Janik-Superson
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology & Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - R Jankowiak
- Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - M Jeppson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, and Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, SE40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ž Jurjević
- EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA
| | - M Kaliyaperumal
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - L A Kelly
- Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba 4880, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Kezo
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A N Khalid
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus-54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - P Khamsuntorn
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group (ACBG), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - D Kidanemariam
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M Kiran
- Department of Botany, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - E Lacey
- Microbial Screening Technologies, 28 Percival Rd, Smithfield, New South Wales 2164, Australia
| | - G J Langer
- Sect. Mycology and Complex Diseases, Dept. Forest Protection, Northwest German Forest Research Institute (NW-FVA), Grätzelstr. 2, 37079 Göttingen, Germany
| | - L V López-Llorca
- Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, Laboratory of Plant Pathology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES) Ramón Margalef, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - J J Luangsa-Ard
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group (ACBG), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - P Lueangjaroenkit
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Biodiversity Center, Kasetsart University (BDCKU), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - H T Lumbsch
- The Field Museum of Natural History, Science & Education, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - J G Maciá-Vicente
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute for Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - L S Mamatha Bhanu
- Department of Biotechnology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru - 570005, Karnataka, India
| | - T S Marney
- Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - J E Marqués-Gálvez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Morte
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Naseer
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus-54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Navarro-Ródenas
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - O Oyedele
- Babcock University, Ilishan remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - S Peters
- Sect. Mycology and Complex Diseases, Dept. Forest Protection, Northwest German Forest Research Institute (NW-FVA), Grätzelstr. 2, 37079 Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Piskorski
- Department of Algology and Mycology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - L Quijada
- Harvard University Herbaria, 20 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - G H Ramírez
- CERZOS-UNS-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Agronomía, UNS, San Andrés 612, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - K Raja
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Razzaq
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus-54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - V J Rico
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany (DU Botany), Faculty of Pharmacy, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - R M Sánchez
- CERZOS-UNS-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, UNS, San Juan 670, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - C Santelices
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán, Ñuble, Chile
| | - A S Savitha
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - M Serrano
- University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - L Leonardo-Silva
- Laboratory of Basic, Applied Mycology and Scientific Dissemination (FungiLab), State University of Goiás, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - H Solheim
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, 1431 As, Norway
| | - S Somrithipol
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group (ACBG), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - M Y Sreenivasa
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru-570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - H Stępniewska
- Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - D Strapagiel
- Biobank Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 139, 90-235 Lodz, Poland
| | - T Taylor
- Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - D Torres-Garcia
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - J Vauras
- Biological Collections of Åbo Akademi University, Biodiversity Unit, Herbarium, FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland
| | - M Villarreal
- Departamento Ciencias de la Vida (Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - C M Visagie
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M Wołkowycki
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - W Yingkunchao
- Plant Microbe Interaction Research Team (APMT), Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group (ACBG), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - E Zapora
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - J Z Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nadarajah R, Ludman P, Appelman Y, Brugaletta S, Budaj A, Bueno H, Huber K, Kunadian V, Leonardi S, Lettino M, Milasinovic D, Gale CP, Budaj A, Dagres N, Danchin N, Delgado V, Emberson J, Friberg O, Gale CP, Heyndrickx G, Iung B, James S, Kappetein AP, Maggioni AP, Maniadakis N, Nagy KV, Parati G, Petronio AS, Pietila M, Prescott E, Ruschitzka F, Van de Werf F, Weidinger F, Zeymer U, Gale CP, Beleslin B, Budaj A, Chioncel O, Dagres N, Danchin N, Emberson J, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Gray A, Kayikcioglu M, Maggioni AP, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Petronio AP, Roos-Hesselink JW, Wallentin L, Zeymer U, Popescu BA, Adlam D, Caforio ALP, Capodanno D, Dweck M, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Hausleiter J, Iung B, Kayikcioglu M, Ludman P, Lund L, Maggioni AP, Matskeplishvili S, Meder B, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Neglia D, Pasquet AA, Roos-Hesselink JW, Rossello FJ, Shaheen SM, Torbica A, Gale CP, Ludman PF, Lettino M, Bueno H, Huber K, Leonardi S, Budaj A, Milasinovic (Serbia) D, Brugaletta S, Appelman Y, Kunadian V, Al Mahmeed WAR, Kzhdryan H, Dumont C, Geppert A, Bajramovic NS, Cader FA, Beauloye C, Quesada D, Hlinomaz O, Liebetrau C, Marandi T, Shokry K, Bueno H, Kovacevic M, Crnomarkovic B, Cankovic M, Dabovic D, Jarakovic M, Pantic T, Trajkovic M, Pupic L, Ruzicic D, Cvetanovic D, Mansourati J, Obradovic I, Stankovic M, Loh PH, Kong W, Poh KK, Sia CH, Saw K, Liška D, Brozmannová D, Gbur M, Gale CP, Maxian R, Kovacic D, Poznic NG, Keric T, Kotnik G, Cercek M, Steblovnik K, Sustersic M, Cercek AC, Djokic I, Maisuradze D, Drnovsek B, Lipar L, Mocilnik M, Pleskovic A, Lainscak M, Crncic D, Nikojajevic I, Tibaut M, Cigut M, Leskovar B, Sinanis T, Furlan T, Grilj V, Rezun M, Mateo VM, Anguita MJF, Bustinza ICM, Quintana RB, Cimadevilla OCF, Fuertes J, Lopez F, Dharma S, Martin MD, Martinez L, Barrabes JA, Bañeras J, Belahnech Y, Ferreira-Gonzalez I, Jordan P, Lidon RM, Mila L, Sambola A, Orvin K, Sionis A, Bragagnini W, Cambra AD, Simon C, Burdeus MV, Ariza-Solé A, Alegre O, Alsina M, Ferrando JIL, Bosch X, Sinha A, Vidal P, Izquierdo M, Marin F, Esteve-Pastor MA, Tello-Montoliu A, Lopez-Garcia C, Rivera-Caravaca JM, Gil-Pérez P, Nicolas-Franco S, Keituqwa I, Farhan HA, Silva L, Blasco A, Escudier JM, Ortega J, Zamorano JL, Sanmartin M, Pereda DC, Rincon LM, Gonzalez P, Casado T, Sadeghipour P, Lopez-Sendon JL, Manjavacas AMI, Marin LAM, Sotelo LR, Rodriguez SOR, Bueno H, Martin R, Maruri R, Moreno G, Moris C, Gudmundsdottir I, Avanzas P, Ayesta A, Junco-Vicente A, Cubero-Gallego H, Pascual I, Sola NB, Rodriguez OA, Malagon L, Martinez-Basterra J, Arizcuren AM, Indolfi C, Romero J, Calleja AG, Fuertes DG, Crespín Crespín M, Bernal FJC, Ojeda FB, Padron AL, Cabeza MM, Vargas CM, Yanes G, Kitai T, Gonzalez MJG, Gonzalez Gonzalez J, Jorge P, De La Fuente B, Bermúdez MG, Perez-Lopez CMB, Basiero AB, Ruiz AC, Pamias RF, Chamero PS, Mirrakhimov E, Hidalgo-Urbano R, Garcia-Rubira JC, Seoane-Garcia T, Arroyo-Monino DF, Ruiz AB, Sanz-Girgas E, Bonet G, Rodríguez-López J, Scardino C, De Sousa D, Gustiene O, Elbasheer E, Humida A, Mahmoud H, Mohamed A, Hamid E, Hussein S, Abdelhameed M, Ali T, Ali Y, Eltayeb M, Philippe F, Ali M, Almubarak E, Badri M, Altaher S, Alla MD, Dellborg M, Dellborg H, Hultsberg-Olsson G, Marjeh YB, Abdin A, Erglis A, Alhussein F, Mgazeel F, Hammami R, Abid L, Bahloul A, Charfeddine S, Ellouze T, Canpolat U, Oksul M, Muderrisoglu H, Popovici M, Karacaglar E, Akgun A, Ari H, Ari S, Can V, Tuncay B, Kaya H, Dursun L, Kalenderoglu K, Tasar O, Kalpak O, Kilic S, Kucukosmanoglu M, Aytekin V, Baydar O, Demirci Y, Gürsoy E, Kilic A, Yildiz Ö, Arat-Ozkan A, Sinan UY, Dagva M, Gungor B, Sekerci SS, Zeren G, Erturk M, Demir AR, Yildirim C, Can C, Kayikcioglu M, Yagmur B, Oney S, Xuereb RG, Sabanoglu C, Inanc IH, Ziyrek M, Sen T, Astarcioglu MA, Kahraman F, Utku O, Celik A, Surmeli AO, Basaran O, Ahmad WAW, Demirbag R, Besli F, Gungoren F, Ingabire P, Mondo C, Ssemanda S, Semu T, Mulla AA, Atos JS, Wajid I, Appelman Y, Al Mahmeed WAR, Atallah B, Bakr K, Garrod R, Makia F, Eldeeb F, Abdekader R, Gomaa A, Kandasamy S, Maruthanayagam R, Nadar SK, Nakad G, Nair R, Mota P, Prior P, Mcdonald S, Rand J, Schumacher N, Abraheem A, Clark M, Coulding M, Qamar N, Turner V, Negahban AQ, Crew A, Hope S, Howson J, Jones S, Lancaster N, Nicholson A, Wray G, Donnelly P, Gierlotka M, Hammond L, Hammond S, Regan S, Watkin R, Papadopoulos C, Ludman P, Hutton K, Macdonald S, Nilsson A, Roberts S, Monteiro S, Garg S, Balachandran K, Mcdonald J, Singh R, Marsden K, Davies K, Desai H, Goddard W, Iqbal N, Chalil S, Dan GA, Galasko G, Assaf O, Benham L, Brown J, Collins S, Fleming C, Glen J, Mitchell M, Preston S, Uttley A, Radovanovic M, Lindsay S, Akhtar N, Atkinson C, Vinod M, Wilson A, Clifford P, Firoozan S, Yashoman M, Bowers N, Chaplin J, Reznik EV, Harvey S, Kononen M, Lopesdesousa G, Saraiva F, Sharma S, Cruddas E, Law J, Young E, Hoye A, Harper P, Balghith M, Rowe K, Been M, Cummins H, French E, Gibson C, Abraham JA, Hobson S, Kay A, Kent M, Wilkinson A, Mohamed A, Clark S, Duncan L, Ahmed IM, Khatiwada D, Mccarrick A, Wanda I, Read P, Afsar A, Rivers V, Theobald T, Cercek M, Bell S, Buckman C, Francis R, Peters G, Stables R, Morgan M, Noorzadeh M, Taylor B, Twiss S, Widdows P, Brozmannová D, Wilkinson V, Black M, Clark A, Clarkson N, Currie J, George L, Mcgee C, Izzat L, Lewis T, Omar Z, Aytekin V, Phillips S, Ahmed F, Mackie S, Oommen A, Phillips H, Sherwood M, Aleti S, Charles T, Jose M, Kolakaluri L, Ingabire P, Karoudi RA, Deery J, Hazelton T, Knight A, Price C, Turney S, Kardos A, Williams F, Wren L, Bega G, Alyavi B, Scaletta D, Kunadian V, Cullen K, Jones S, Kirkup E, Ripley DP, Matthews IG, Mcleod A, Runnett C, Thomas HE, Cartasegna L, Gunarathne A, Burton J, King R, Quinn J, Sobolewska J, Munt S, Porter J, Christenssen V, Leng K, Peachey T, Gomez VN, Temple N, Wells K, Viswanathan G, Taneja A, Cann E, Eglinton C, Hyams B, Jones E, Reed F, Smith J, Beltrano C, Affleck DC, Turner A, Ward T, Wilmshurst N, Stirrup J, Brunton M, Whyte A, Smith S, Murray V, Walker R, Novas V, Weston C, Brown C, Collier D, Curtis K, Dixon K, Wells T, Trim F, Ghosh J, Mavuri M, Barman L, Dumont C, Elliott K, Harrison R, Mallinson J, Neale T, Smith J, Toohie J, Turnbull A, Parker E, Hossain R, Cheeseman M, Balparda H, Hill J, Hood M, Hutchinson D, Mellows K, Pendlebury C, Storey RF, Barker J, Birchall K, Denney H, Housley K, Cardona M, Middle J, Kukreja N, Gati S, Kirk P, Lynch M, Srinivasan M, Szygula J, Baker P, Cruz C, Derigay J, Cigalini C, Lamb K, Nembhard S, Price A, Mamas M, Massey I, Wain J, Delaney J, Junejo S, Martin K, Obaid D, Hoyle V, Brinkworth E, Davies C, Evans D, Richards S, Thomas C, Williams M, Dayer M, Mills H, Roberts K, Goodchild F, Dámaso ES, Greig N, Kundu S, Donaldson D, Tonks L, Beekes M, Button H, Hurford F, Motherwell N, Summers-Wall J, Felmeden D, Tapia V, Keeling P, Sheikh U, Yonis A, Felmeden L, Hughes D, Micklewright L, Summerhayes A, Sutton J, Panoulas V, Prendergast C, Poghosyan K, Rogers P, Barker LN, Batin P, Conway D, Exley D, Fletcher A, Wright J, Nageh T, Hadebe B, Kunhunny S, Mkhitaryan S, Mshengu E, Karthikeyan VJ, Hamdan H, Cooper J, Dandy C, Parkinson V, Paterson P, Reddington S, Taylor T, Tierney C, Adamyan M, Jones KV, Broadley A, Beesley K, Buckley C, Hellyer C, Pippard L, Pitt-Kerby T, Azam J, Hayes C, Freshwater K, Boyadjian S, Johnson L, Mcgill Y, Redfearn H, Russell M, Alyavi A, Alyavi B, Uzokov J, Hayrapetyan H, Azaryan K, Tadevosyan M, Poghosyan H, Kzhdryan H, Vardanyan A, Huber K, Geppert A, Ahmed A, Weidinger F, Derntl M, Hasun M, Schuh-Eiring T, Riegler L, Haq MM, Cader FA, Dewan MAM, Fatema ME, Hasan AS, Islam MM, Khandoker F, Mayedah R, Nizam SU, Azam MG, Arefin MM, Jahan J, Schelfaut D, De Raedt H, Wouters S, Aerts S, Batjoens H, Beauloye C, Dechamps M, Pierard S, Van Caenegem O, Sinnaeve F, Claeys MJ, Snepvangers M, Somers V, Gevaert S, Schaubroek H, Vervaet P, Buysse M, Renders F, Dumoulein M, Hiltrop N, De Coninck M, Naessens S, Senesael I, Hoffer E, Pourbaix S, Beckers J, Dugauquier C, Jacquet S, Malmendier D, Massoz M, Evrard P, Collard L, Brunner P, Carlier S, Blockmans M, Mayne D, Timiras E, Guédès A, Demeure F, Hanet C, Domange J, Jourdan K, Begic E, Custovic F, Dozic A, Hrvat E, Kurbasic I, Mackic D, Subo A, Durak-Nalbantic A, Dzubur A, Rebic D, Hamzic-Mehmedbasic A, Redzepovic A, Djokic-Vejzovic A, Hodzic E, Hujdur M, Musija E, Gljiva-Gogic Z, Serdarevic N, Bajramovic NS, Brigic L, Halilcevic M, Cibo M, Hadžibegic N, Kukavica N, Begic A, Iglica A, Osmanagic A, Resic N, Grgurevic MV, Zvizdic F, Pojskic B, Mujaric E, Selimovic H, Ejubovic M, Pojskic L, Stimjanin E, Sut M, Zapata PS, Munoz CG, Andrade LAF, Upegui MPT, Perez LE, Chavarria J, Quesada D, Alvarado K, Zaputovic L, Tomulic V, Gobic D, Jakljevic T, Lulic D, Bacic G, Bastiancic L, Avraamides P, Eftychiou C, Eteocleous N, Ioannou A, Lambrianidi C, Drakomathioulakis M, Groch L, Hlinomaz O, Rezek M, Semenka J, Sitar J, Beranova M, Kramarikova P, Pesl L, Sindelarova S, Tousek F, Warda HM, Ghaly I, Habiba S, Habib A, Gergis MN, Bahaa H, Samir A, Taha HSE, Adel M, Algamal HM, Mamdouh M, Shaker AF, Shokry K, Konsoah A, Mostafa AM, Ibrahim A, Imam A, Hafez B, Zahran A, Abdelhamid M, Mahmoud K, Mostafa A, Samir A, Abdrabou M, Kamal A, Sallam S, Ali A, Maghraby K, Atta AR, Saad A, Ali M, Lotman EM, Lubi R, Kaljumäe H, Uuetoa T, Kiitam U, Durier C, Ressencourt O, El Din AA, Guiatni A, Bras ML, Mougenot E, Labeque JN, Banos JL, Capendeguy O, Mansourati J, Fofana A, Augagneur M, Bahon L, Pape AL, Batias-Moreau L, Fluttaz A, Good F, Prieur F, Boiffard E, Derien AS, Drapeau I, Roy N, Perret T, Dubreuil O, Ranc S, Rio S, Bonnet JL, Bonnet G, Cuisset T, Deharo P, Mouret JP, Spychaj JC, Blondelon A, Delarche N, Decalf V, Guillard N, Hakme A, Roger MP, Biron Y, Druelles P, Loubeyre C, Lucon A, Hery P, Nejjari M, Digne F, Huchet F, Neykova A, Tzvetkov B, Larrieu M, Quaino G, Armangau P, Sauguet A, Bonfils L, Dumonteil N, Fajadet J, Farah B, Honton B, Monteil B, Philippart R, Tchetche D, Cottin M, Petit F, Piquart A, Popovic B, Varlot J, Maisuradze D, Sagirashvili E, Kereselidze Z, Totladze L, Ginturi T, Lagvilava D, Hamm C, Liebetrau C, Haas M, Hamm C, Koerschgen T, Weferling M, Wolter JS, Maier K, Nickenig G, Sedaghat A, Zachoval C, Lampropoulos K, Mpatsouli A, Sakellaropoulou A, Tyrovolas K, Zibounoumi N, Argyropoulos K, Toulgaridis F, Kolyviras A, Tzanis G, Tzifos V, Milkas A, Papaioannou S, Kyriazopoulos K, Pylarinou V, Kontonassakis I, Kotakos C, Kourgiannidis G, Ntoliou P, Parzakonis N, Pipertzi A, Sakalidis A, Ververeli CL, Kafkala K, Sinanis T, Diakakis G, Grammatikopoulos K, Papoutsaki E, Patialiatos T, Mamaloukaki M, Papadaki ST, Kanellos IE, Antoniou A, Tsinopoulos G, Goudis C, Giannadaki M, Daios S, Petridou M, Skantzis P, Koukis P, Dimitriadis F, Savvidis M, Styliadis I, Sachpekidis V, Pilalidou A, Stamatiadis N, Fotoglidis A, Karakanas A, Ruzsa Z, Becker D, Nowotta F, Gudmundsdottir I, Libungan B, Skuladottir FB, Halldorsdottir H, Shetty R, Iyengar S, Bs C, G S, Lakshmana S, S R, Tripathy N, Sinha A, Choudhary B, Kumar A, Kumar A, Raj R, Roy RS, Dharma S, Siswanto BB, Farhan HA, Yaseen IF, Al-Zaidi M, Dakhil Z, Amen S, Rasool B, Rajeeb A, Amber K, Ali HH, Al-Kinani T, Almyahi MH, Al-Obaidi F, Masoumi G, Sadeghi M, Heshmat-Ghahdarijani K, Roohafza H, Sarrafzadegan N, Shafeie M, Teimouri-Jervekani Z, Noori F, Kyavar M, Sadeghipour P, Firouzi A, Alemzadeh-Ansari MJ, Ghadrdoost B, Golpira R, Ghorbani A, Ahangari F, Salarifar M, Jenab Y, Biria A, Haghighi S, Mansouri P, Yadangi S, Kornowski R, Orvin K, Eisen A, Oginetz N, Vizel R, Kfir H, Pasquale GD, Casella G, Cardelli LS, Filippini E, Zagnoni S, Donazzan L, Ermacora D, Indolfi C, Polimeni A, Curcio A, Mongiardo A, De Rosa S, Sorrentino S, Spaccarotella C, Landolina M, Marino M, Cacucci M, Vailati L, Bernabò P, Montisci R, Meloni L, Marchetti MF, Biddau M, Garau E, Barbato E, Morisco C, Strisciuglio T, Canciello G, Lorenzoni G, Casu G, Merella P, Novo G, D'Agostino A, Di Lisi D, Di Palermo A, Evola S, Immordino F, Rossetto L, Spica G, Pavan D, Mattia AD, Belfiore R, Grandis U, Vendrametto F, Spagnolo C, Carniel L, Sonego E, Gaudio C, Barillà F, Biccire FG, Bruno N, Ferrari I, Paravati V, Torromeo C, Galasso G, Peluso A, Prota C, Radano I, Benvenga RM, Ferraioli D, Anselmi M, Frigo GM, Sinagra G, Merlo M, Perkan A, Ramani F, Altinier A, Fabris E, Rinaldi M, Usmiani T, Checco L, Frea S, Mussida M, Matsukawa R, Sugi K, Kitai T, Furukawa Y, Masumoto A, Miyoshi Y, Nishino S, Assembekov B, Amirov B, Chernokurova Y, Ibragimova F, Mirrakhimov E, Ibraimova A, Murataliev T, Radzhapova Z, Uulu ES, Zhanyshbekova N, Zventsova V, Erglis A, Bondare L, Zaliunas R, Gustiene O, Dirsiene R, Marcinkeviciene J, Sakalyte G, Virbickiene A, Baksyte G, Bardauskiene L, Gelmaniene R, Salkauskaite A, Ziubryte G, Kupstyte-Kristapone N, Badariene J, Balciute S, Kapleriene L, Lizaitis M, Marinskiene J, Navickaite A, Pilkiene A, Ramanauskaite D, Serpytis R, Silinskiene D, Simbelyte T, Staigyte J, Philippe F, Degrell P, Camus E, Ahmad WAW, Kassim ZA, Xuereb RG, Buttigieg LL, Camilleri W, Pllaha E, Xuereb S, Popovici M, Ivanov V, Plugaru A, Moscalu V, Popovici I, Abras M, Ciobanu L, Litvinenco N, Fuior S, Dumanschi C, Ivanov M, Danila T, Grib L, Filimon S, Cardaniuc L, Batrinac A, Tasnic M, Cozma C, Revenco V, Sorici G, Dagva M, Choijiljav G, Dandar E, Khurelbaatar MU, Tsognemekh B, Appelman Y, Den Hartog A, Kolste HJT, Van Den Buijs D, Van'T Hof A, Pustjens T, Houben V, Kasperski I, Ten Berg J, Azzahhafi J, Bor W, Yin DCP, Mbakwem A, Amadi C, Kushimo O, Kilasho M, Oronsaye E, Bakracheski N, Bashuroska EK, Mojsovska V, Tupare S, Dejan M, Jovanoska J, Razmoski D, Marinoski T, Antovski A, Jovanovski Z, Kocho S, Markovski R, Ristovski V, Samir AB, Biserka S, Kalpak O, Peovska IM, Taleska BZ, Pejkov H, Busljetik O, Zimbakov Z, Grueva E, Bojovski I, Tutic M, Poposka L, Vavlukis M, Al-Riyami A, Nadar SK, Abdelmottaleb W, Ahmed S, Mujtaba MS, Al-Mashari S, Al-Riyami H, Laghari AH, Faheem O, Ahmed SW, Qamar N, Furnaz S, Kazmi K, Saghir T, Aneel A, Asim A, Madiha F, Sobkowicz B, Tycinska A, Kazimierczyk E, Szyszkowska A, Mizia-Stec K, Wybraniec M, Bednarek A, Glowacki K, Prokopczuk J, Babinski W, Blachut A, Kosiak M, Kusinska A, Samborski S, Stachura J, Szastok H, Wester A, Bartoszewska D, Sosnowska-Pasiarska B, Krzysiek M, Legutko J, Nawrotek B, Kasprzak JD, Klosinska M, Wiklo K, Kurpesa M, Rechcinski T, Cieslik-Guerra U, Gierlotka M, Bugajski J, Feusette P, Sacha J, Przybylo P, Krzesinski P, Ryczek R, Karasek A, Kazmierczak-Dziuk A, Mielniczuk M, Betkier-Lipinska K, Roik M, Labyk A, Krakowian M, Machowski M, Paczynska M, Potepa M, Pruszczyk P, Budaj A, Ambroziak M, Omelanczuk-Wiech E, Torun A, Opolski G, Glowczynska R, Fojt A, Kowalik R, Huczek Z, Jedrzejczyk S, Roleder T, Brust K, Gasior M, Desperak P, Hawranek M, Farto-Abreu P, Santos M, Baptista S, Brizida L, Faria D, Loureiro J, Magno P, Monteiro C, Nédio M, Tavares J, Sousa C, Almeida I, Almeida S, Miranda H, Santos H, Santos AP, Goncalves L, Monteiro S, Baptista R, Ferreira C, Ferreira J, Goncalves F, Lourenço C, Monteiro P, Picarra B, Santos AR, Guerreiro RA, Carias M, Carrington M, Pais J, de Figueiredo MP, Rocha AR, Mimoso J, De Jesus I, Fernandes R, Guedes J, Mota T, Mendes M, Ferreira J, Tralhão A, Aguiar CT, Strong C, Da Gama FF, Pais G, Timóteo AT, Rosa SAO, Mano T, Reis J, Selas M, Mendes DE, Satendra M, Pinto P, Queirós C, Oliveira I, Reis L, Cruz I, Fernandes R, Torres S, Luz A, Campinas A, Costa R, Frias A, Oliveira M, Martins V, Castilho B, Coelho C, Moura AR, Cotrim N, Dos Santos RC, Custodio P, Duarte R, Gomes R, Matias F, Mendonca C, Neiva J, Rabacal C, Almeida AR, Caeiro D, Queiroz P, Silva G, Pop-Moldovan AL, Darabantiu D, Mercea S, Dan GA, Dan AR, Dobranici M, Popescu RA, Adam C, Sinescu CJ, Andrei CL, Brezeanu R, Samoila N, Baluta MM, Pop D, Tomoaia R, Istratoaie O, Donoiu I, Cojocaru A, Oprita OC, Rocsoreanu A, Grecu M, Ailoaei S, Popescu MI, Cozma A, Babes EE, Rus M, Ardelean A, Larisa R, Moisi M, Ban E, Buzle A, Filimon G, Dobreanu D, Lupu S, Mitre A, Rudzik R, Sus I, Opris D, Somkereki C, Mornos C, Petrescu L, Betiu A, Volcescu A, Ioan O, Luca C, Maximov D, Mosteoru S, Pascalau L, Roman C, Brie D, Crisan S, Erimescu C, Falnita L, Gaita D, Gheorghiu M, Levashov S, Redkina M, Novitskii N, Dementiev E, Baglikov A, Zateyshchikov D, Zubova E, Rogozhina A, Salikov A, Nikitin I, Reznik EV, Komissarova MS, Shebzukhova M, Shitaya K, Stolbova S, Larina V, Akhmatova F, Chuvarayan G, Arefyev MN, Averkov OV, Volkova AL, Sepkhanyan MS, Vecherko VI, Meray I, Babaeva L, Goreva L, Pisaryuk A, Potapov P, Teterina M, Ageev F, Silvestrova G, Fedulaev Y, Pinchuk T, Staroverov I, Kalimullin D, Sukhinina T, Zhukova N, Ryabov V, Kruchinkina E, Vorobeva D, Shevchenko I, Budyak V, Elistratova O, Fetisova E, Islamov R, Ponomareva E, Khalaf H, Shaimaa AA, Kamal W, Alrahimi J, Elshiekh A, Balghith M, Ahmed A, Attia N, Jamiel AA, Potpara T, Marinkovic M, Mihajlovic M, Mujovic N, Kocijancic A, Mijatovic Z, Radovanovic M, Matic D, Milosevic A, Savic L, Subotic I, Uscumlic A, Zlatic N, Antonijevic J, Vesic O, Vucic R, Martinovic SS, Kostic T, Atanaskovic V, Mitic V, Stanojevic D, Petrovic M. Cohort profile: the ESC EURObservational Research Programme Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction (NSTEMI) Registry. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes 2022; 9:8-15. [PMID: 36259751 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) Registry aims to identify international patterns in NSTEMI management in clinical practice and outcomes against the 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without ST-segment-elevation. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutively hospitalised adult NSTEMI patients (n = 3620) were enrolled between 11 March 2019 and 6 March 2021, and individual patient data prospectively collected at 287 centres in 59 participating countries during a two-week enrolment period per centre. The registry collected data relating to baseline characteristics, major outcomes (in-hospital death, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, bleeding, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, and 30-day mortality) and guideline-recommended NSTEMI care interventions: electrocardiogram pre- or in-hospital, pre-hospitalization receipt of aspirin, echocardiography, coronary angiography, referral to cardiac rehabilitation, smoking cessation advice, dietary advice, and prescription on discharge of aspirin, P2Y12 inhibition, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), beta-blocker, and statin. CONCLUSION The EORP NSTEMI Registry is an international, prospective registry of care and outcomes of patients treated for NSTEMI, which will provide unique insights into the contemporary management of hospitalised NSTEMI patients, compliance with ESC 2015 NSTEMI Guidelines, and identify potential barriers to optimal management of this common clinical presentation associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Nadarajah
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Ludman
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yolande Appelman
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Salvatore Brugaletta
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrzej Budaj
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hector Bueno
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Medical Department, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinic Ottakring (Wilhelminenhospital), Vienna, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vijay Kunadian
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sergio Leonardi
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S.Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Lettino
- Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Department, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Dejan Milasinovic
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia and Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Chris P Gale
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morrissey K, Taylor T, Tu G. Estimating the Impact of Relative Financial Circumstances in Childhood on Adult Mental Wellbeing: a Mediation Analysis. Appl Res Qual Life 2022; 18:915-930. [PMID: 36405032 PMCID: PMC9660181 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-022-10121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has indicated that the role of childhood circumstances on adult mental health is primarily mediated through adult socioeconomic circumstances. Using linear regression models and mediation analysis this paper examines whether childhood financial circumstances is associated with adult mental wellbeing and to what extent any association is explained by adult financial circumstances. Adjusting for age and highest education attainment, we found that childhood financial circumstances predict wellbeing in adulthood. However, stratifying by age (respondents aged 18-40, 41-65 and 66 years plus), a more complicated pattern of associations emerged with potential cohort and age effects emerging. Only adult financial circumstances significantly impact adult wellbeing in our youngest group, while neither childhood nor adult financial circumstances are significantly associated with wellbeing in the oldest age group (66 years plus). However, both childhood and adult financial circumstances were significantly associated with wellbeing in middle age, and this effect was mostly direct (OR-1.09: CI 95%: -1.63, -0.17) rather than indirect (OR-0.08: CI 95%: -0.17, -0.01). This research adds to the evidence base that childhood is a critical period for wellbeing in middle age (41-65 years). Previous research has found that subjective wellbeing plays an important role in physical and mental health outcomes in adulthood. The impact of financial hardship in childhood on wellbeing in adulthood found in this study is particularly concerning as levels of child poverty increase in the UK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karyn Morrissey
- Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tim Taylor
- International Business School Suzhou, Xi’an Jiaotong- Liverpool University, 111 Ren’ai Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123 China
| | - Gengyang Tu
- International Business School Suzhou, Xi’an Jiaotong- Liverpool University, 111 Ren’ai Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dunne H, Rizan C, Jones A, Bhutta MF, Taylor T, Barna S, Taylor CJ, Okorie M. Effectiveness of an online module: climate-change and sustainability in clinical practice. BMC Med Educ 2022; 22:682. [PMID: 36115977 PMCID: PMC9482263 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change has significant implications for health, yet healthcare provision itself contributes significant greenhouse gas emission. Medical students need to be prepared to address impacts of the changing environment and fulfil a key role in climate mitigation. Here we evaluate the effectiveness of an online module on climate-change and sustainability in clinical practice designed to achieve learning objectives adapted from previously established sustainable healthcare priority learning outcomes. METHODS A multi-media, online module was developed, and 3rd and 4th year medical students at Brighton and Sussex Medical School were invited to enrol. Students completed pre- and post-module questionnaires consisting of Likert scale and white space answer questions. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of responses was performed. RESULTS Forty students enrolled and 33 students completed the module (83% completion rate). There was a significant increase in reported understanding of key concepts related to climate change and sustainability in clinical practice (p < 0.001), with proportion of students indicating good or excellent understanding increasing from between 2 - 21% students to between 91 - 97% students. The majority (97%) of students completed the module within 90 min. All students reported the module was relevant to their training. Thematic analysis of white space responses found students commonly reported they wanted access to more resources related to health and healthcare sustainability, as well as further guidance on how to make practical steps towards reducing the environmental impact within a clinical setting. CONCLUSION This is the first study to evaluate learner outcomes of an online module in the field of sustainable health and healthcare. Our results suggest that completion of the module was associated with significant improvement in self-assessed knowledge of key concepts in climate health and sustainability. We hope this approach is followed elsewhere to prepare healthcare staff for impacts of climate change and to support improving the environmental sustainability of healthcare delivery. TRIAL REGISTRATION Study registered with Brighton and Sussex Medical School Research Governance and Ethics Committee (BSMS RGEC). Reference: ER/BSMS3576/8, Date: 4/3/2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Dunne
- Cambridge University Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
| | - C Rizan
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust & Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - A Jones
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - M F Bhutta
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School & University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust GB, Brighton, UK
| | - T Taylor
- University Hospitals Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - S Barna
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare, 291, Cranbrook house, 287 Bambury Rd, Summertown, Oxford, OX2 7JQ, England
| | - C J Taylor
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK
| | - M Okorie
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School & University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust GB, Brighton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gomes Alves E, Taylor T, Robin M, Pinheiro Oliveira D, Schietti J, Duvoisin Júnior S, Zannoni N, Williams J, Hartmann C, Gonçalves JFC, Schöngart J, Wittmann F, Piedade MTF. Seasonal shifts in isoprenoid emission composition from three hyperdominant tree species in central Amazonia. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:721-733. [PMID: 35357064 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Volatile isoprenoids regulate plant performance and atmospheric processes, and Amazon forests comprise the dominant source to the global atmosphere. Still, there is a poor understanding of how isoprenoid emission capacities vary in response to ecophysiological and environmental controls in Amazonian ecosystems. We measured isoprenoid emission capacities of three Amazonian hyperdominant tree species - Protium hebetatum, Eschweilera grandiflora, Eschweilera coriacea - across seasons and along a topographic and edaphic environmental gradient in the central Amazon. From wet to dry season, both photosynthesis and isoprene emission capacities strongly declined, while emissions increased among the heavier isoprenoids: monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Plasticity across habitats was most evident in P. hebetatum, which emitted sesquiterpenes only in the dry season, at rates that significantly increased along the hydro-topographic gradient from white sands (shallow root water access) to uplands (deep water table). We suggest that emission composition shifts are part of a plastic response to increasing abiotic stress (e.g. heat and drought) and reduced photosynthetic supply of substrates for isoprenoid synthesis. Our comprehensive measurements suggest that more emphasis should be placed on other isoprenoids, besides isoprene, in the context of abiotic stress responses. Shifting emission compositions have implications for atmospheric responses because of the strong variation in reactivity among isoprenoid compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Gomes Alves
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- Climate and Environment Department, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - T Taylor
- Biology Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M Robin
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- Ecology Department, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - D Pinheiro Oliveira
- Climate and Environment Department, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - J Schietti
- Ecology Department, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
- Biology Department, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - N Zannoni
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - J Williams
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - C Hartmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - J F C Gonçalves
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - J Schöngart
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - F Wittmann
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Rastatt, Germany
| | - M T F Piedade
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Paterson CA, Sharpe RA, Taylor T, Morrissey K. Indoor PM2.5, VOCs and asthma outcomes: A systematic review in adults and their home environments. Environ Res 2021; 202:111631. [PMID: 34224711 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the amount of time people spend indoors increases globally, exposure to indoor air pollutants has become an important public health concern. Asthma is a complex disease caused and/or exacerbated by increased exposure to diverse chemical, physical and biological exposures from multiple indoor and outdoor sources. This review aims to investigate the relationship between increased indoor PM and VOC concentrations (i.e. objectively measured) and the risk of adult asthma in higher-income countries. METHODS Eleven databases were systematically searched on the February 1, 2019 and again on the February 2, 2020. Articles were limited to those published since 1990. Reference lists were independently screened by three reviewers and authors were contacted to identify relevant articles. Backwards and forward citation chasing was used to identify further studies. Data were extracted from included studies meeting our eligibility criteria by three reviewers and assessed for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale designed for case-control and cohort studies. RESULTS Twelve studies were included in a narrative synthesis. We found insufficient evidence to determine the effect of PM2.5 on asthma in the indoor home environment. However, there was strong evidence to suggest that VOCs, especially aromatic compounds, and aliphatic compounds, were associated with increased asthma symptoms. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION Although no single exposure appears to be responsible for the development of asthma or its associated symptoms, the use of everyday products may be associated with increased asthma symptoms. To prevent poor health outcomes among the general population, health professionals and industry must make a concerted effort to better inform the general population of the importance of appropriate use of and storage of chemicals within the home as well as better health messaging on product labelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Paterson
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - R A Sharpe
- Public Health, Cornwall Council, 1E, New County Hall, Truro, TR1 3AY, UK.
| | - T Taylor
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - K Morrissey
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Börger T, Campbell D, White MP, Elliott LR, Fleming LE, Garrett JK, Hattam C, Hynes S, Lankia T, Taylor T. The value of blue-space recreation and perceived water quality across Europe: A contingent behaviour study. Sci Total Environ 2021; 771:145597. [PMID: 33663957 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study estimates the value of recreational visits to blue-space sites across 14 EU Member States, representing 78% of the Union's population. Across all countries surveyed, respondents made an average of 47 blue-space visits per person per year. Employing travel cost and contingent behaviour methods, the value of a visit is estimated at €41.32 which adds up to a recreational value of €631bn per year for the total adult population surveyed. Using the Bathing Water Directive's water quality designation, the analysis shows that a one-level improvement in water quality leads to 3.13 more visits (+6.67%), whereas a one-level deterioration leads to 9.77 fewer annual visits (-20.83%). This study provides valuations of benefits of recreation and changes of recreational values due to changes in surface water quality, which can be compared to the implementation and monitoring costs of efforts under the EU's Bathing Water, Water Framework and Marine Strategy Framework Directives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Börger
- Department of Business and Economics, Berlin School of Economics and Law, Germany; Applied Choice Research Group, University of Stirling Management School, United Kingdom.
| | - Danny Campbell
- Applied Choice Research Group, University of Stirling Management School, United Kingdom.
| | - Mathew P White
- Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Austria; European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom.
| | - Lewis R Elliott
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom.
| | - Lora E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom.
| | - Joanne K Garrett
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Stephen Hynes
- Socio-Economic Marine Research Unit, Whitaker Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Tuija Lankia
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Finland.
| | - Tim Taylor
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dixon J, Lindley B, Taylor T, Parks G. DATA ASSIMILATION APPLIED TO PRESSURISED WATER REACTORS. EPJ Web Conf 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202124709020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Best estimate plus uncertainty is the leading methodology to validate existing safety margins. It remains a challenge to develop and license these approaches, in part due to the high dimensionality of system codes. Uncertainty quantification is an active area of research to develop appropriate methods for propagating uncertainties, offering greater scientific reason, dimensionality reduction and minimising reliance on expert judgement. Inverse uncertainty quantification is required to infer a best estimate back on the input parameters and reduce the uncertainties, but it is challenging to capture the full covariance and sensitivity matrices. Bayesian inverse strategies remain attractive due to their predictive modelling and reduced uncertainty capabilities, leading to dramatic model improvements and validation of experiments. This paper uses state-of-the-art data assimilation techniques to obtain a best estimate of parameters critical to plant safety. Data assimilation can combine computational, benchmark and experimental measurements, propagate sparse covariance and sensitivity matrices, treat non-linear applications and accommodate discrepancies. The methodology is further demonstrated through application to hot zero power tests in a pressurised water reactor (PWR) performed using the BEAVRS benchmark with Latin hypercube sampling of reactor parameters to determine responses. WIMS 11 (dv23) and PANTHER (V.5:6:4) are used as the coupled neutronics and thermal-hydraulics codes; both are used extensively to model PWRs. Results demonstrate updated best estimate parameters and reduced uncertainties, with comparisons between posterior distributions generated using maximum entropy principle and cost functional minimisation techniques illustrated in recent conferences. Future work will improve the Bayesian inverse framework with the introduction of higher-order sensitivities.
Collapse
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Taylor
- Localities & Primary Care, Leeds City Council
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Williams AJ, Maguire K, Morrissey K, Taylor T, Wyatt K. Social cohesion, mental wellbeing and health-related quality of life among a cohort of social housing residents in Cornwall: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:985. [PMID: 32571296 PMCID: PMC7310403 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research and policy have identified social cohesion as a potentially modifiable determinant of health and wellbeing that could contribute to more sustainable development. However, the function of social cohesion appears to vary between communities. The aim of this study was to analyse the levels of, and associations, between social cohesion, mental wellbeing, and physical and mental health-related quality of life among a cohort of social housing residents from low socioeconomic status communities in Cornwall, UK. Social housing is below market-rate rental accommodation made available to those in certain health or economic circumstances. These circumstances may impact on the form and function of social cohesion. METHODS During recruitment, participants in the Smartline project completed the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, SF-12v2 and an eight item social cohesion scale. Cross sectional regression analyses of these data adjusted for gender, age, national identity, area socioeconomic status, rurality, education, employment, and household size were undertaken to address the study aim. RESULTS Complete data were available from 305 (92.7%) participants in the Smartline project. Univariable analyses identified a significant association between social cohesion, mental wellbeing and mental health-related quality of life. Within fully adjusted multivariable models, social cohesion only remained significantly associated with mental wellbeing. Sensitivity analyses additionally adjusting for ethnicity and duration of residence, where there was greater missing data, did not alter the findings. CONCLUSIONS Among a relatively homogeneous cohort, the reported level of social cohesion was only found to be significantly associated with higher mental wellbeing, not physical or mental health-related quality of life. The efforts made by social housing providers to offer social opportunities to all their residents regardless of individual physical or mental health state may support the development of a certain degree of social cohesion. Sense of control or safety in communities may be more critical to health than social cohesion. Additional observational research is needed before attempts are made to alter social cohesion to improve health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew James Williams
- Division of Population and Behavioural Science, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TF, UK. .,European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - Kath Maguire
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK
| | - Karyn Morrissey
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK
| | - Tim Taylor
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK
| | - Katrina Wyatt
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Maguire K, Garside R, Poland J, Fleming LE, Alcock I, Taylor T, Macintyre H, Iacono GL, Green A, Wheeler BW. Public involvement in research about environmental change and health: A case study. Health (London) 2020; 23:215-233. [PMID: 30786766 PMCID: PMC6388412 DOI: 10.1177/1363459318809405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Involving and engaging the public are crucial for effective prioritisation, dissemination and implementation of research about the complex interactions between environments and health. Involvement is also important to funders and policy makers who often see it as vital for building trust and justifying the investment of public money. In public health research, ‘the public’ can seem an amorphous target for researchers to engage with, and the short-term nature of research projects can be a challenge. Technocratic and pedagogical approaches have frequently met with resistance, so public involvement needs to be seen in the context of a history which includes contested truths, power inequalities and political activism. It is therefore vital for researchers and policy makers, as well as public contributors, to share best practice and to explore the challenges encountered in public involvement and engagement. This article presents a theoretically informed case study of the contributions made by the Health and Environment Public Engagement Group to the work of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Change and Health (HPRU-ECH). We describe how Health and Environment Public Engagement Group has provided researchers in the HPRU-ECH with a vehicle to support access to public views on multiple aspects of the research work across three workshops, discussion of ongoing research issues at meetings and supporting dissemination to local government partners, as well as public representation on the HPRU-ECH Advisory Board. We conclude that institutional support for standing public involvement groups can provide conduits for connecting public with policy makers and academic institutions. This can enable public involvement and engagement, which would be difficult, if not impossible, to achieve in individual short-term and unconnected research projects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jo Poland
- Health and Environment Public Engagement (HEPE), UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Green
- Health and Environment Public Engagement (HEPE), UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Aims:To develop a toolkit to assess the quality of institutionalised care, in both hospital and community settings, for individuals with long-term mental illness.Methods:The toolkit was developed by the UK research teams. Items were included to assess the six domains (Living Environment; Therapeutic Environment; Treatments and Interventions; Self-management and Autonomy; Social Policy, Citizenship and Advocacy; Clinical Governance) and three cross-cutting themes (Social Inclusion; Human Rights; Recovery-based Model) which emerged from the international literature review, Delphi exercises and cross-country care standards. Following translation and piloting in each country, the toolkit was refined and tested for reliability in 20 units in each country (a total of 200 units).Results:Test-retest reliability was assessed using intra-class correlations and Cohen's Kappa coefficients. Factors with low reliability or extreme response biases were dropped. Remaining items were subjected to an exploratory factor analysis to test the allocation of items to domains and cross-cutting themes and improve their internal consistency. Correlations between domains were explored to determine whether or not domains could be combined.In the next phase of the study,the toolkit domain ratings will be analysed for associations with standardised assessments of service users' quality of life, autonomy and markers of recovery to investigate whether the toolkit can provide a proxy measurement of the institution's promotion of human rights and recovery.
Collapse
|
16
|
Davenport KM, Hiemke C, McKay SD, Thorne JW, Lewis RM, Taylor T, Murdoch BM. Genetic structure and admixture in sheep from terminal breeds in the United States. Anim Genet 2020; 51:284-291. [PMID: 31970815 PMCID: PMC7065203 DOI: 10.1111/age.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Selection for performance in diverse production settings has resulted in variation across sheep breeds worldwide. Although sheep are an important species to the United States, the current genetic relationship among many terminal sire breeds is not well characterized. Suffolk, Hampshire, Shropshire and Oxford (terminal) and Rambouillet (dual purpose) sheep (n = 248) sampled from different flocks were genotyped using the Applied Biosystems Axiom Ovine Genotyping Array (50K), and additional Shropshire sheep (n = 26) using the Illumina Ovine SNP50 BeadChip. Relationships were investigated by calculating observed heterozygosity, inbreeding coefficients, eigenvalues, pairwise Wright’s FST estimates and an identity by state matrix. The mean observed heterozygosity for each breed ranged from 0.30 to 0.35 and was consistent with data reported in other US and Australian sheep. Suffolk from two different regions of the United States (Midwest and West) clustered separately in eigenvalue plots and the rectangular cladogram. Further, divergence was detected between Suffolk from different regions with Wright’s FST estimate. Shropshire animals showed the greatest divergence from other terminal breeds in this study. Admixture between breeds was examined using admixture, and based on cross‐validation estimates, the best fit number of populations (clusters) was K = 6. The greatest admixture was observed within Hampshire, Suffolk, and Shropshire breeds. When plotting eigenvalues, US terminal breeds clustered separately in comparison with sheep from other locations of the world. Understanding the genetic relationships between terminal sire breeds in sheep will inform us about the potential applicability of markers derived in one breed to other breeds based on relatedness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Davenport
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA
| | - C Hiemke
- Niman Ranch and Mapleton Mynd Shropshires, Stoughton, MA, 53589, USA
| | - S D McKay
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - J W Thorne
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.,Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, San Angelo, TX, 76901, USA
| | - R M Lewis
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - T Taylor
- Department of Animal Science, Arlington Research Station, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Arlington, WI, 53911, USA
| | - B M Murdoch
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Sharpe RA, Machray KE, Fleming LE, Taylor T, Henley W, Chenore T, Hutchcroft I, Taylor J, Heaviside C, Wheeler BW. Household energy efficiency and health: Area-level analysis of hospital admissions in England. Environ Int 2019; 133:105164. [PMID: 31518939 PMCID: PMC6853278 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fuel poverty affects up to 35% of European homes, which represents a significant burden on society and healthcare systems. Draught proofing homes to prevent heat loss, improved glazing, insulation and heating (energy efficiency measures) can make more homes more affordable to heat. This has prompted significant investment in energy efficiency upgrades for around 40% of UK households to reduce the impact of fuel poverty. Despite some inconsistent evidence, household energy efficiency interventions can improve cardiovascular and respiratory health outcomes. However, the health benefits of these interventions have not been fully explored; this is the focus of this study. METHODS In this cross sectional ecological study, we conducted two sets of analyses at different spatial resolution to explore population data on housing energy efficiency measures and hospital admissions at the area-level (counts grouped over a 3-year period). Housing data were obtained from three data sets covering housing across England (Household Energy Efficiency Database), Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) and, in the South West of England, the Devon Home Analytics Portal. These databases provided data aggregated to Lower Area Super Output Area and postcode level (Home Analytics Portal only). These datasets provided measures of both state (e.g. EPC ratings) and intervention (e.g. number of boiler replacements), aggregated spatially and temporally to enable cross-sectional analyses with health outcome data. Hospital admissions for adult (over 18 years) asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were obtained from the Hospital Episode Statistics database for the national (1st April 2011 to 31st March 2014) and Devon, South West of England (1st April 2014 to 31st March 2017) analyses. Descriptive statistics and regression models were used to describe the associations between small area household energy efficiency measures and hospital admissions. Three main analyses were undertaken to investigate the relationships between; 1) household energy efficiency improvements (i.e. improved glazing, insulation and boiler upgrades); 2) higher levels of energy efficiency ratings (measured by Energy Performance Certificate ratings); 3) energy efficiency improvements and ratings (i.e. physical improvements and rating assessed by the Standard Assessment Procedure) and hospital admissions. RESULTS In the national analyses, household energy performance certificate ratings ranged from 37 to 83 (mean 61.98; Standard Deviation 5.24). There were a total of 312,837 emergency admissions for asthma, 587,770 for COPD and 839,416 for CVD. While analyses for individual energy efficiency metrics (i.e. boiler upgrades, draught proofing, glazing, loft and wall insulation) were mixed; a unit increase in mean energy performance rating was associated with increases of around 0.5% in asthma and CVD admissions, and 1% higher COPD admission rates. Admission rates were also influenced by the type of dwelling, tenure status (e.g. home owner versus renting), living in a rural area, and minimum winter temperature. DISCUSSION Despite a range of limitations and some mixed and contrasting findings across the national and local analyses, there was some evidence that areas with more energy efficiency improvements resulted in higher admission rates for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. This builds on existing evidence highlighting the complex relationships between health and housing. While energy efficiency measures can improve health outcomes (especially when targeting those with chronic respiratory illness), reduced household ventilation rates can impact indoor air quality for example and increase the risk of diseases such as asthma. Alternatively, these findings could be due to the ecological study design, reverse causality, or the non-detection of more vulnerable subpopulations, as well as the targeting of areas with poor housing stock, low income households, and the lack of "whole house approaches" when retrofitting the existing housing stock. CONCLUSION To be sustainable, household energy efficiency policies and resulting interventions must account for whole house approaches (i.e. consideration of the whole house and occupant lifestyles). These must consider more alternative 'greener' and more sustainable measures, which are capable of accounting for variable lifestyles, as well as the need for adequate heating and ventilation. Larger natural experiments and more complex modelling are needed to further investigate the impact of ongoing dramatic changes in the housing stock and health. STUDY IMPLICATIONS This study supports the need for more holistic approaches to delivering healthier indoor environments, which must consider a dynamic and complex system with multiple interactions between a range of interrelated factors. These need to consider the drivers and pressures (e.g. quality of the built environment and resident behaviours) resulting in environmental exposures and adverse health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Sharpe
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom; Public Health, Cornwall Council, 1E, New County Hall, Truro TR1 3AY, United Kingdom
| | - K E Machray
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom
| | - L E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom
| | - T Taylor
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom
| | - W Henley
- Health Statistics Research Group, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, United Kingdom
| | - T Chenore
- NHS NEW Devon Clinical Commissioning Group, County Hall, Exeter EX2 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - I Hutchcroft
- Regen, Bradninch Court, Castle Street, Exeter EX4 3PL and Energiesprong UK Limited, National Energy Centre, Davy Avenue, Knowlhill, Milton Keynes MK5 8NG, United Kingdom
| | - J Taylor
- UCL Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering, UCL, 14 Upper Woburn Plc, London WC1H 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - C Heaviside
- Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B W Wheeler
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Joshanloo M, Jovanović V, Taylor T. A multidimensional understanding of prosperity and well-being at country level: Data-driven explorations. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223221. [PMID: 31596893 PMCID: PMC6785080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Social scientists have been interested in measuring the prosperity, well-being, and quality of life of nations, which has resulted in a multiplicity of country-level indicators. However, little is known about the factor structure of these indicators. We explored the structure of quality of life, using country-level data on tens of subjective and objective indicators. Applying factor analysis, we identified three distinct factors that exhibited both overlap and complementarity. This structure was replicated in data from previous years and with a partially different set of variables. The first factor, 'socio-economic progress', is dominated by socio-political and economic indicators but also includes life satisfaction, which thus appears to reflect objective living conditions. The second factor, 'psycho-social functioning', consists of subjective indicators, such as eudaimonic well-being and positive affective states. The third, 'negative affectivity', comprises negatively-valenced affective states. The three macro-factors of societal quality of life demonstrated moderate intercorrelations and differential associations with cultural and ecological variables, providing support for their discriminant validity. Finally, country and regional rankings based on the three societal factors revealed a complex picture that cautions against over-reliance on any single indicator such as life satisfaction. The results underline the need for a broadly-based approach to the measurement of societal quality of life, and provide an empirically-derived multidimensional framework for conceptualizing and measuring quality of life and well-being at country level. This study is thus an initial empirical step towards systematizing the multiple approaches to societal quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Joshanloo
- Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Veljko Jovanović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tim Taylor
- Interdisciplinary Ethics Applied Centre, University of Leeds, Holmfirth, England, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gall A, Anderson K, Diaz A, Matthews V, Adams J, Taylor T, Garvey G. Exploring traditional and complementary medicine use by Indigenous Australian women undergoing gynaecological cancer investigations. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2019; 36:88-93. [PMID: 31383451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indigenous Australian women experience worse gynaecological cancer outcomes than non-Indigenous women. While traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) is increasingly used by cancer patients alongside conventional treatments, little is known about T&CM use by Indigenous women. This study aimed to explore the beliefs, attitudes and experiences related to T&CM use and disclosure among Indigenous women undergoing gynaecological cancer investigations. METHODS A mixed-methods design explored T&CM use among Indigenous women who presented for gynaecological cancer investigation at an urban Queensland hospital (September 2016 and January 2018). RESULTS Fourteen women participated. The reported use (86%) and perceived value of T&CM was high among the participants, however, women reported major challenges in communicating with healthcare providers about T&CM, commonly associated with trust and rapport. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the need for strategies to facilitate culturally-appropriate doctor-patient communication around T&CM to foster trust and transparency in gynaecological cancer care for Indigenous women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Gall
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
| | - K Anderson
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
| | - A Diaz
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
| | - V Matthews
- The University of Sydney, University Centre for Rural Health, Lismore, Australia.
| | - J Adams
- University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.
| | - T Taylor
- Endeavour College of Natural Health, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - G Garvey
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cates A, Lin R, Mayberry A, Clark R, Chao D, Taylor T, Stray-Gundersen J, Wingeier B. Repeated sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with vertical jump training improves vertical jump performance in elite athletes. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
22
|
Packard N, Bedau MA, Channon A, Ikegami T, Rasmussen S, Stanley K, Taylor T. Open-Ended Evolution and Open-Endedness: Editorial Introduction to the Open-Ended Evolution I Special Issue. Artif Life 2019; 25:1-3. [PMID: 30933628 DOI: 10.1162/artl_e_00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nature's spectacular inventiveness, reflected in the enormous diversity of form and function displayed by the biosphere, is a feature of life that distinguishes living most strongly from nonliving. It is, therefore, not surprising that this aspect of life should become a central focus of artificial life. We have known since Darwin that the diversity is produced dynamically, through the process of evolution; this has led life's creative productivity to be called Open-Ended Evolution (OEE) in the field. This article introduces the first of two special issues on current research on OEE and on the more general concept of open-endedness. Most of the papers presented in these special issues are elaborations of work presented at the Third Workshop on Open-Ended Evolution, held in Tokyo as part of the 2018 Conference on Artificial Life.
Collapse
|
23
|
Packard N, Bedau MA, Channon A, Ikegami T, Rasmussen S, Stanley KO, Taylor T. An Overview of Open-Ended Evolution: Editorial Introduction to the Open-Ended Evolution II Special Issue. Artif Life 2019; 25:93-103. [PMID: 31150285 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nature's spectacular inventiveness, reflected in the enormous diversity of form and function displayed by the biosphere, is a feature of life that distinguishes living most strongly from nonliving. It is, therefore, not surprising that this aspect of life should become a central focus of artificial life. We have known since Darwin that the diversity is produced dynamically, through the process of evolution; this has led life's creative productivity to be called Open-Ended Evolution (OEE) in the field. This article introduces the second of two special issues on current research in OEE and provides an overview of the contents of both special issues. Most of the work was presented at a workshop on open-ended evolution that was held as a part of the 2018 Conference on Artificial Life in Tokyo, and much of it had antecedents in two previous workshops on open-ended evolution at artificial life conferences in Cancun and York. We present a simplified categorization of OEE and summarize progress in the field as represented by the articles in this special issue.
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
This article presents a high-level conceptual framework to help orient the discussion and implementation of open-endedness in evolutionary systems. Drawing upon earlier work by Banzhaf et al. (2016), three different kinds of open-endedness are identified: exploratory, expansive, and transformational. These are characterized in terms of their relationship to the search space of phenotypic behaviors. A formalism is introduced to describe three key processes required for an evolutionary process: the generation of a phenotype from a genetic description, the evaluation of that phenotype, and the reproduction with variation of individuals according to their evaluation. The formalism makes explicit various influences in each of these processes that can easily be overlooked. The distinction is made between intrinsic and extrinsic implementations of these processes. A discussion then investigates how various interactions between these processes, and their modes of implementation, can lead to open-endedness. However, an important contribution of the article is the demonstration that these considerations relate to exploratory open-endedness only. Conditions for the implementation of the more interesting kinds of open-endedness-expansive and transformational-are also discussed, emphasizing factors such as multiple domains of behavior, transdomain bridges, and non-additive compositional systems. In contrast to a traditional Darwinian analysis, these factors relate not to the generic evolutionary properties of individuals and populations, but rather to the nature of the building blocks out of which individual organisms are constructed, and the laws and properties of the environment in which they exist. The article ends with suggestions of how the framework can be used to categorize and compare the open-ended evolutionary potential of different systems, how it might guide the design of systems with greater capacity for open-ended evolution, and how it might be further improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Taylor
- Monash University, Faculty of Information Technology.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sharpe RA, Taylor T, Fleming LE, Morrissey K, Morris G, Wigglesworth R. Making the Case for "Whole System" Approaches: Integrating Public Health and Housing. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E2345. [PMID: 30355973 PMCID: PMC6267345 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Housing conditions have been an enduring focus for public health activity throughout the modern public health era. However, the nature of the housing and health challenge has changed in response to an evolution in the understanding of the diverse factors influencing public health. Today, the traditional public health emphasis on the type and quality of housing merges with other wider determinants of health. These include the neighbourhood, community, and "place" where a house is located, but also the policies which make access to a healthy house possible and affordable for everyone. Encouragingly, these approaches to policy and action on housing have the potential to contribute to the "triple win" of health and well-being, equity, and environmental sustainability. However, more effective housing policies (and in public health in general) that adopt more systemic approaches to addressing the complex interactions between health, housing, and wider environment are needed. This paper illustrates some of the key components of the housing and health challenge in developed countries, and presents a conceptual model to co-ordinate activities that can deliver the "triple win." This is achieved by offering a perspective on how to navigate more effectively, inclusively and across sectors when identifying sustainable housing interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Sharpe
- Public Health, Cornwall Council, Truro TR1 3AY, UK.
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - Tim Taylor
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - Lora E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - Karyn Morrissey
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - George Morris
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chiabai A, Quiroga S, Martinez-Juarez P, Higgins S, Taylor T. The nexus between climate change, ecosystem services and human health: Towards a conceptual framework. Sci Total Environ 2018; 635:1191-1204. [PMID: 29710574 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper addresses the impact that changes in natural ecosystems can have on health and wellbeing focusing on the potential co-benefits that green spaces could provide when introduced as climate change adaptation measures. Ignoring such benefits could lead to sub-optimal planning and decision-making. A conceptual framework, building on the ecosystem-enriched Driver, Pressure, State, Exposure, Effect, Action model (eDPSEEA), is presented to aid in clarifying the relational structure between green spaces and human health, taking climate change as the key driver. The study has the double intention of (i) summarising the literature with a special emphasis on the ecosystem and health perspectives, as well as the main theories behind these impacts, and (ii) modelling these findings into a framework that allows for multidisciplinary approaches to the underlying relations between human health and green spaces. The paper shows that while the literature based on the ecosystem perspective presents a well-documented association between climate, health and green spaces, the literature using a health-based perspective presents mixed evidence in some cases. The role of contextual factors and the exposure mechanism are rarely addressed. The proposed framework could serve as a multidisciplinary knowledge platform for multi-perspecitve analysis and discussion among experts and stakeholders, as well as to support the operationalization of quantitative assessment and modelling exercises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Chiabai
- BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Sonia Quiroga
- Department of Economics, Universidad de Alcalá, Spain.
| | | | - Sahran Higgins
- European Centre for the Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Taylor
- European Centre for the Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
SummaryRecombinant human factor VIIa (rFVIIa; NovoSeven®) is a two-chain activated clotting factor that is used in the treatment of haemophilia. The distribution of radioactivity in male and pregnant and non-pregnant female rats has been examined by whole-body autoradiography (WBA) after single intravenous doses of 125I-radiolabelled rFVIIa at a dosage level of ca. 0.1 mg/kg.Concentrations of radioactivity were highest in the blood and the highly perfused major thoracic and visceral organs and gonads. This distribution of radioactivity was generally similar in pregnant and non-pregnant females, and although radioactivity was concentrated in the foetal thyroid, it was present in other foetal tissues only at trace levels. Radioactivity in thyroid, urinary bladder and gastrointestinal tract of all rats was apparently associated with detached 125I-iodide. At early sacrifice times (up to 2 h), radioactivity was present in the bone marrow, but at later times (6-24 h) it was apparently associated with the mineralised bone structures.The quantitative distribution of total and trichloroacetic acid precipitable radioactivity in the tissues of rats also was studied after single intravenous doses of 125I-rFVIIa and 125I-rFVII, the non-activated single chain precursor of FVIIa, which is normally present in the circulation. These studies confirmed the WBA findings and showed that the tissue distribution of 125I-rFVII and 125I-rFVIIa was similar, indicating that the distribution of rFVIIa during therapy would be similar to that produced from endogenous FVII as a physiological response to vascular injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T L Beeby
- The Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Huntingdon Research Centre, Huntingdon, England
| | - L F Chasseaud
- The Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Huntingdon Research Centre, Huntingdon, England
| | - T Taylor
- The Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Huntingdon Research Centre, Huntingdon, England
| | - M K Thomsen
- The Biopharmaceuticals Division – Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Gentofte, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tang WW, McGee P, Lachin JM, Li DY, Hoogwerf B, Hazen SL, Nathan D, Zinman B, Crofford O, Genuth S, Brown‐Friday J, Crandall J, Engel H, Engel S, Martinez H, Phillips M, Reid M, Shamoon H, Sheindlin J, Gubitosi‐Klug R, Mayer L, Pendegast S, Zegarra H, Miller D, Singerman L, Smith‐Brewer S, Novak M, Quin J, Genuth S, Palmert M, Brown E, McConnell J, Pugsley P, Crawford P, Dahms W, Gregory N, Lackaye M, Kiss S, Chan R, Orlin A, Rubin M, Brillon D, Reppucci V, Lee T, Heinemann M, Chang S, Levy B, Jovanovic L, Richardson M, Bosco B, Dwoskin A, Hanna R, Barron S, Campbell R, Bhan A, Kruger D, Jones J, Edwards P, Bhan A, Carey J, Angus E, Thomas A, Galprin A, McLellan M, Whitehouse F, Bergenstal R, Johnson M, Gunyou K, Thomas L, Laechelt J, Hollander P, Spencer M, Kendall D, Cuddihy R, Callahan P, List S, Gott J, Rude N, Olson B, Franz M, Castle G, Birk R, Nelson J, Freking D, Gill L, Mestrezat W, Etzwiler D, Morgan K, Aiello L, Golden E, Arrigg P, Asuquo V, Beaser R, Bestourous L, Cavallerano J, Cavicchi R, Ganda O, Hamdy O, Kirby R, Murtha T, Schlossman D, Shah S, Sharuk G, Silva P, Silver P, Stockman M, Sun J, Weimann E, Wolpert H, Aiello L, Jacobson A, Rand L, Rosenzwieg J, Nathan D, Larkin M, Christofi M, Folino K, Godine J, Lou P, Stevens C, Anderson E, Bode H, Brink S, Cornish C, Cros D, Delahanty L, eManbey ., Haggan C, Lynch J, McKitrick C, Norman D, Moore D, Ong M, Taylor C, Zimbler D, Crowell S, Fritz S, Hansen K, Gauthier‐Kelly C, Service F, Ziegler G, Barkmeier A, Schmidt L, French B, Woodwick R, Rizza R, Schwenk W, Haymond M, Pach J, Mortenson J, Zimmerman B, Lucas A, Colligan R, Luttrell L, Lopes‐Virella M, Caulder S, Pittman C, Patel N, Lee K, Nutaitis M, Fernandes J, Hermayer K, Kwon S, Blevins A, Parker J, Colwell J, Lee D, Soule J, Lindsey P, Bracey M, Farr A, Elsing S, Thompson T, Selby J, Lyons T, Yacoub‐Wasef S, Szpiech M, Wood D, Mayfield R, Molitch M, Adelman D, Colson S, Jampol L, Lyon A, Gill M, Strugula Z, Kaminski L, Mirza R, Simjanoski E, Ryan D, Johnson C, Wallia A, Ajroud‐Driss S, Astelford P, Leloudes N, Degillio A, Schaefer B, Mudaliar S, Lorenzi G, Goldbaum M, Jones K, Prince M, Swenson M, Grant I, Reed R, Lyon R, Kolterman O, Giotta M, Clark T, Friedenberg G, Sivitz W, Vittetoe B, Kramer J, Bayless M, Zeitler R, Schrott H, Olson N, Snetselaar L, Hoffman R, MacIndoe J, Weingeist T, Fountain C, Miller R, Johnsonbaugh S, Patronas M, Carney M, Mendley S, Salemi P, Liss R, Hebdon M, Counts D, Donner T, Gordon J, Hemady R, Kowarski A, Ostrowski D, Steidl S, Jones B, Herman W, Martin C, Pop‐Busui R, Greene D, Stevens M, Burkhart N, Sandford T, Floyd J, Bantle J, Flaherty N, Terry J, Koozekanani D, Montezuma S, Wimmergren N, Rogness B, Mech M, Strand T, Olson J, McKenzie L, Kwong C, Goetz F, Warhol R, Hainsworth D, Goldstein D, Hitt S, Giangiacomo J, Schade D, Canady J, Burge M, Das A, Avery R, Ketai L, Chapin J, Schluter M, Rich J, Johannes C, Hornbeck D, Schutta M, Bourne P, Brucker A, Braunstein S, Schwartz S, Maschak‐Carey B, Baker L, Orchard T, Cimino L, Songer T, Doft B, Olson S, Becker D, Rubinstein D, Bergren R, Fruit J, Hyre R, Palmer C, Silvers N, Lobes L, Rath PP, Conrad P, Yalamanchi S, Wesche J, Bratkowksi M, Arslanian S, Rinkoff J, Warnicki J, Curtin D, Steinberg D, Vagstad G, Harris R, Steranchak L, Arch J, Kelly K, Ostrosaka P, Guiliani M, Good M, Williams T, Olsen K, Campbell A, Shipe C, Conwit R, Finegold D, Zaucha M, Drash A, Morrison A, Malone J, Bernal M, Pavan P, Grove N, Tanaka E, McMillan D, Vaccaro‐Kish J, Babbione L, Solc H, DeClue T, Dagogo‐Jack S, Wigley C, Ricks H, Kitabchi A, Chaum E, Murphy M, Moser S, Meyer D, Iannacone A, Yoser S, Bryer‐Ash M, Schussler S, Lambeth H, Raskin P, Strowig S, Basco M, Cercone S, Zinman B, Barnie A, Devenyi R, Mandelcorn M, Brent M, Rogers S, Gordon A, Bakshi N, Perkins B, Tuason L, Perdikaris F, Ehrlich R, Daneman D, Perlman K, Ferguson S, Palmer J, Fahlstrom R, de Boer I, Kinyoun J, Van Ottingham L, Catton S, Ginsberg J, McDonald C, Harth J, Driscoll M, Sheidow T, Mahon J, Canny C, Nicolle D, Colby P, Dupre J, Hramiak I, Rodger N, Jenner M, Smith T, Brown W, May M, Lipps Hagan J, Agarwal A, Adkins T, Lorenz R, Feman S, Survant L, White N, Levandoski L, Grand G, Thomas M, Joseph D, Blinder K, Shah G, Burgess D, Boniuk I, Santiago J, Tamborlane W, Gatcomb P, Stoessel K, Ramos P, Fong K, Ossorio P, Ahern J, Gubitosi‐Klug R, Meadema‐Mayer L, Beck C, Farrell K, Genuth S, Quin J, Gaston P, Palmert M, Trail R, Dahms W, Lachin J, Backlund J, Bebu I, Braffett B, Diminick L, Gao X, Hsu W, Klumpp K, Pan H, Trapani V, Cleary P, McGee P, Sun W, Villavicencio S, Anderson K, Dews L, Younes N, Rutledge B, Chan K, Rosenberg D, Petty B, Determan A, Kenny D, Williams C, Cowie C, Siebert C, Steffes M, Arends V, Bucksa J, Nowicki M, Chavers B, O'Leary D, Polak J, Harrington A, Funk L, Crow R, Gloeb B, Thomas S, O'Donnell C, Soliman E, Zhang Z, Li Y, Campbell C, Keasler L, Hensley S, Hu J, Barr M, Taylor T, Prineas R, Feldman E, Albers J, Low P, Sommer C, Nickander K, Speigelberg T, Pfiefer M, Schumer M, Moran M, Farquhar J, Ryan C, Sandstrom D, Williams T, Geckle M, Cupelli E, Thoma F, Burzuk B, Woodfill T, Danis R, Blodi B, Lawrence D, Wabers H, Gangaputra S, Neill S, Burger M, Dingledine J, Gama V, Sussman R, Davis M, Hubbard L, Budoff M, Darabian S, Rezaeian P, Wong N, Fox M, Oudiz R, Kim L, Detrano R, Cruickshanks K, Dalton D, Bainbridge K, Lima J, Bluemke D, Turkbey E, der Geest ., Liu C, Malayeri A, Jain A, Miao C, Chahal H, Jarboe R, Nathan D, Monnier V, Sell D, Strauch C, Hazen S, Pratt A, Tang W, Brunzell J, Purnell J, Natarajan R, Miao F, Zhang L, Chen Z, Paterson A, Boright A, Bull S, Sun L, Scherer S, Lopes‐Virella M, Lyons T, Jenkins A, Klein R, Virella G, Jaffa A, Carter R, Stoner J, Garvey W, Lackland D, Brabham M, McGee D, Zheng D, Mayfield R, Maynard J, Wessells H, Sarma A, Jacobson A, Dunn R, Holt S, Hotaling J, Kim C, Clemens Q, Brown J, McVary K. Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Risk in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Insights From the DCCT/EDIC Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2018. [PMCID: PMC6015340 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.008368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background
Hyperglycemia leading to increased oxidative stress is implicated in the increased risk for the development of macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Methods and Results
A random subcohort of 349 participants was selected from the
DCCT
/
EDIC
(Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications) cohort. This included 320 controls and 29 cardiovascular disease cases that were augmented with 98 additional known cases to yield a case cohort of 447 participants (320 controls, 127 cases). Biosamples from
DCCT
baseline, year 1, and closeout of
DCCT
, and 1 to 2 years post‐
DCCT
(
EDIC
years 1 and 2) were measured for markers of oxidative stress, including plasma myeloperoxidase, paraoxonase activity, urinary F
2α
isoprostanes, and its metabolite, 2,3 dinor‐8
iso
prostaglandin F
2α
. Following adjustment for glycated hemoblobin and weighting the observations inversely proportional to the sampling selection probabilities, higher paraoxonase activity, reflective of antioxidant activity, and 2,3 dinor‐8
iso
prostaglandin F
2α
, an oxidative marker, were significantly associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease (−4.5% risk for 10% higher paraoxonase,
P
<0.003; −5.3% risk for 10% higher 2,3 dinor‐8
iso
prostaglandin F
2α
,
P
=0.0092). In contrast, the oxidative markers myeloperoxidase and F
2α
isoprostanes were not significantly associated with cardiovascular disease after adjustment for glycated hemoblobin. There were no significant differences between
DCCT
intensive and conventional treatment groups in the change in all biomarkers across time segments.
Conclusions
Heightened antioxidant activity (rather than diminished oxidative stress markers) is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk in type 1 diabetes mellitus, but these biomarkers did not change over time with intensification of glycemic control.
Clinical Trial Registration
URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifiers:
NCT
00360815 and
NCT
00360893.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W.H. Wilson Tang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Paula McGee
- The Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, MD
| | - John M. Lachin
- The Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, MD
| | - Daniel Y. Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social determinants of health have a disproportionate impact on mortality in men. A study into the state of health of the male population in Leeds was undertaken to guide public health commissioning decisions. This paper reports on the data relating to the social lives of men. METHODS A cross-sectional study was undertaken, comprising descriptive analysis of data relating to educational attainment, housing, employment (including benefit claimants), marital status and relationships. Data was considered for the whole city and localised at the Middle Super Output Area (MSOA) level and mapped against the Index of Deprivation. RESULTS Boys' educational attainment was found to be lagging behind girls' from their earliest assessments (Early Years Foundation Stage Profile, 46% vs. 60%, P = 0.00) to GCSEs (53% vs. 63%, P = 0.00), leaving many men with no qualifications. There were 68% more men than women identified as being unemployed, with more men claiming benefits. Men living in social housing are more likely to be housed in high-rise flats. Almost 50% of men aged 16-64 are single, with 2254 lone fathers. CONCLUSIONS There appears to be a lack of sex/gender analysis of current cross city data. In areas of deprivation a complex picture of multiple social problems emerges, with marked gender differences in the social determinants of health, with males seeming to be more negatively affected. There is a need for more focused planning for reaching out and targeting boys and men in the most deprived inner city areas, so that greater efficiency in service delivery can be obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan White
- Centre for Men’s Health, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, LS1 3HE UK
| | - Amanda Seims
- Centre for Men’s Health, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, LS1 3HE UK
| | - Ian Cameron
- Leeds City Council, Civic Hall, Calverley Street, Leeds, LS1 1UR UK
| | - Tim Taylor
- Leeds City Council, Civic Hall, Calverley Street, Leeds, LS1 1UR UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Taylor T, Mackie P. Carbon footprinting in health systems: one small step towards planetary health. Lancet Planet Health 2017; 1:e357-e358. [PMID: 29851647 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(17)30158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Taylor
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, RCH Treliske, Truro, UK.
| | - Phil Mackie
- Scottish Public Health Network/Scottish Managed Sustainable Health Network, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Eldering A, Wennberg PO, Crisp D, Schimel DS, Gunson MR, Chatterjee A, Liu J, Schwandner FM, Sun Y, O'Dell CW, Frankenberg C, Taylor T, Fisher B, Osterman GB, Wunch D, Hakkarainen J, Tamminen J, Weir B. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 early science investigations of regional carbon dioxide fluxes. Science 2017; 358:eaam5745. [PMID: 29026012 PMCID: PMC5668686 DOI: 10.1126/science.aam5745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) mission was motivated by the need to diagnose how the increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is altering the productivity of the biosphere and the uptake of CO2 by the oceans. Launched on 2 July 2014, OCO-2 provides retrievals of the column-averaged CO2 dry-air mole fraction ([Formula: see text]) as well as the fluorescence from chlorophyll in terrestrial plants. The seasonal pattern of uptake by the terrestrial biosphere is recorded in fluorescence and the drawdown of [Formula: see text] during summer. Launched just before one of the most intense El Niños of the past century, OCO-2 measurements of [Formula: see text] and fluorescence record the impact of the large change in ocean temperature and rainfall on uptake and release of CO2 by the oceans and biosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Eldering
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - P O Wennberg
- Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - D Crisp
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - D S Schimel
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - M R Gunson
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - A Chatterjee
- Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, USA
- NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J Liu
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - F M Schwandner
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Y Sun
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - C W O'Dell
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - C Frankenberg
- Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - T Taylor
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - B Fisher
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - G B Osterman
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - D Wunch
- Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - J Hakkarainen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Tamminen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - B Weir
- Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, USA
- NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Franchi MV, Longo S, Mallinson J, Quinlan JI, Taylor T, Greenhaff PL, Narici MV. Muscle thickness correlates to muscle cross-sectional area in the assessment of strength training-induced hypertrophy. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 28:846-853. [PMID: 28805932 PMCID: PMC5873262 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Muscle thickness (MT) measured by ultrasound has been used to estimate cross-sectional area (measured by CT and MRI) at a single time point. We tested whether MT could be used as a valid marker of MRI determined muscle anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA) and volume changes following resistance training (RT). Nine healthy, young, male volunteers (24 ± 2 y.o., BMI 24.1 ± 2.8 kg/m2 ) had vastus lateralis (VL) muscle volume (VOL) and ACSAmid (at 50% of femur length, FL) assessed by MRI, and VL MT measured by ultrasound at 50% FL. Measurements were taken at baseline and after 12 weeks of isokinetic RT. Differences between baseline and post-training were assessed by Student's paired t test. The relationships between MRI and ultrasound measurements were tested by Pearson's correlation. After RT, MT increased by 7.5 ± 6.1% (P < .001), ACSAmid by 5.2 ± 5% (P < .001), and VOL by 5.0 ± 6.9% (P < .05) (values: means ± SD). Positive correlations were found, at baseline and 12 weeks, between MT and ACSAmid (r = .82, P < .001 and r = .73, P < .001, respectively), and between MT and VOL (r = .76, P < .001 and r = .73, P < .001, respectively). The % change in MT with training was correlated with % change in ACSAmid (r = .69, P < .01), but not % change in VOL (r = .33, P > .05). These data support evidence that MT is a reliable index of muscle ACSAmid and VOL at a single time point. MT changes following RT are associated with parallel changes in muscle ACSAmid but not with the changes in VOL, highlighting the impact of RT on regional hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M V Franchi
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Longo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - J Mallinson
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J I Quinlan
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - T Taylor
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - P L Greenhaff
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - M V Narici
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
O’Dwyer S, Moyle W, Taylor T, Creese J, Zimmer-Gembeck M. HOMICIDAL THOUGHTS IN FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. O’Dwyer
- Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom,
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - W. Moyle
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - T. Taylor
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J. Creese
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
O’Dwyer S, Moyle W, Taylor T, Creese J, Zimmer-Gembeck M. IN THEIR OWN WORDS: HOW FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA DEFINE RESILIENCE. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. O’Dwyer
- Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom,
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - W. Moyle
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - T. Taylor
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J. Creese
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Taylor T. SEXUAL HEALTH AND AGING NEEDS OF TRANSWOMEN WITH HIV. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Taylor
- Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan White
- Centre for Men's Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds LS1 3HE
| | - Amanda Seims
- Centre for Men's Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds LS1 3HE
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fung P, Bedogni G, Bedogni A, Petrie A, Porter S, Campisi G, Bagan J, Fusco V, Saia G, Acham S, Musto P, Petrucci MT, Diz P, Colella G, Mignogna MD, Pentenero M, Arduino P, Lodi G, Maiorana C, Manfredi M, Hallberg P, Wadelius M, Takaoka K, Leung YY, Bonacina R, Schiødt M, Lakatos P, Taylor T, De Riu G, Favini G, Rogers SN, Pirmohamed M, Nicoletti P, Fedele S. Time to onset of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: a multicentre retrospective cohort study. Oral Dis 2017; 23:477-483. [PMID: 28039941 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a potentially severe adverse effect of bisphosphonates (BP). Although the risk of ONJ increases with increasing duration of BP treatment, there are currently no reliable estimates of the ONJ time to onset (TTO). The objective of this study was to estimate the TTO and associated risk factors in BP-treated patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of data from 22 secondary care centres in seven countries relevant to 349 patients who developed BP-related ONJ between 2004 and 2012. RESULTS The median (95%CI) TTO was 6.0 years in patients treated with alendronate (n = 88) and 2.2 years in those treated with zoledronate (n = 218). Multivariable Cox regression showed that dentoalveolar surgery was inversely associated, and the use of antiangiogenics directly associated, with the TTO in patients with cancer treated with zoledronate. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of ONJ increases with the duration of BP therapy, with notable differences observed with respect to BP type and potency, route of administration and underlying disease. When data are stratified by BP type, a time of 6.0 and 2.2 years of oral alendronate and intravenous zoledronate therapy, respectively, is required for 50% of patients to develop ONJ. After stratification by disease, a time of 5.3 and 2.2 years of BP therapy is required for 50% of patients with osteoporosis and cancer, respectively, to develop ONJ. These findings have significant implications for the design of future clinical studies and the development of risk-reduction strategies aimed at either assessing or modulating the risk of ONJ associated with BP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ppl Fung
- University College London/University College London Hospital Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, London, UK
| | - G Bedogni
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Liver Research Centre, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Bedogni
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Verona, Italy.,Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Padua, Italy
| | - A Petrie
- University College London/University College London Hospital Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Porter
- University College London/University College London Hospital Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, London, UK
| | - G Campisi
- Dip. Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - J Bagan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, University General Hospital, Valencia University, Spain
| | - V Fusco
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology and Haematology, Ospedale SS Antonio e Biagio e C Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - G Saia
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Padua, Italy
| | - S Acham
- Department of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dental Health and Oral Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - P Musto
- Scientific Direction, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, IRCCS, Rionero in Vulture, Potenza, Italy
| | - M T Petrucci
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - P Diz
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University, Spain
| | - G Colella
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - M D Mignogna
- Head & Neck Clinical Section, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - M Pentenero
- Oral Medicine and Oral Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - P Arduino
- CIR Dental School, University of Turin, Italy
| | - G Lodi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - C Maiorana
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Italy
| | - M Manfredi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Biotecnologiche e Traslazionali - S.Bi.Bi.T., Unità di Odontostomatologia, Parma University, Italy
| | - P Hallberg
- Clinical Pharmacology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - M Wadelius
- Clinical Pharmacology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - K Takaoka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Y Y Leung
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - R Bonacina
- Department of Dentistry, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - M Schiødt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - P Lakatos
- First Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Taylor
- Department of Oral Surgery, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - G De Riu
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Sassari, Italy
| | - G Favini
- Department of Dentistry, San Francesco Hospital, Nuoro, Italy
| | - S N Rogers
- University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Pirmohamed
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Nicoletti
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - S Fedele
- University College London/University College London Hospital Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, London, UK.,NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Alcock I, White MP, Taylor T, Coldwell DF, Gribble MO, Evans KL, Corner A, Vardoulakis S, Fleming LE. 'Green' on the ground but not in the air: Pro-environmental attitudes are related to household behaviours but not discretionary air travel. Glob Environ Change 2017; 42:136-147. [PMID: 28367001 PMCID: PMC5373105 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The rise in greenhouse gas emissions from air travel could be reduced by individuals voluntarily abstaining from, or reducing, flights for leisure and recreational purposes. In theory, we might expect that people with pro-environmental value orientations and concerns about the risks of climate change, and those who engage in more pro-environmental household behaviours, would also be more likely to abstain from such voluntary air travel, or at least to fly less far. Analysis of two large datasets from the United Kingdom, weighted to be representative of the whole population, tested these associations. Using zero-inflated Poisson regression models, we found that, after accounting for potential confounders, there was no association between individuals' environmental attitudes, concern over climate change, or their routine pro-environmental household behaviours, and either their propensity to take non-work related flights, or the distances flown by those who do so. These findings contrasted with those for pro-environmental household behaviours, where associations with environmental attitudes and concern were observed. Our results offer little encouragement for policies aiming to reduce discretionary air travel through pro-environmental advocacy, or through 'spill-over' from interventions to improve environmental impacts of household routines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Alcock
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK
| | - Mathew P White
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK
| | - Tim Taylor
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK
| | - Deborah F Coldwell
- Animal and Plant Sciences, Alfred Denny Building, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Matthew O Gribble
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Mailstop 1518-002-2BB, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Karl L Evans
- Animal and Plant Sciences, Alfred Denny Building, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Adam Corner
- Climate Outreach, 106-108 Cowley Road, Oxford, OX4 1JE, UK
| | - Sotiris Vardoulakis
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK; Environmental Change Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Campus, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Lora E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sulaiman I, Mokoka MC, MacHale E, Seheult J, Hughes C, Holmes M, D’arcy S, Taylor T, Rapcan V, Murphy D, Hunt E, Lane SJ, Sahadevan A, Crispino G, Diette GB, Sartini-Bhreathnach A, Cushen B, Killane I, Reilly RB, Costello RW. P208 Behavioural feed-back education intervention to enhance adherence in patients with severe uncontrolled asthma, a randomised clinical trial. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
40
|
Theadom A, Mitchell K, Roxburgh R, Rodrigues M, Taylor T, Baker R, Jones K, Stewart J, Poke G, Hammond-Tooke G, O'Grady G, Love D, Ranta A, Ao BT, Parmar P, Vandal A, Krishnamurthi R, Brown P, Feigin V. Unmet needs of people living with myotonic dystrophy: Data from a national, population-based study. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
41
|
White MP, Elliott LR, Taylor T, Wheeler BW, Spencer A, Bone A, Depledge MH, Fleming LE. Recreational physical activity in natural environments and implications for health: A population based cross-sectional study in England. Prev Med 2016; 91:383-388. [PMID: 27658650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Building on evidence that natural environments (e.g. parks, woodlands, beaches) are key locations for physical activity, we estimated the total annual amount of adult recreational physical activity in England's natural environments, and assessed implications for population health. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of six waves (2009/10-2014/5) of the nationally representative, Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment survey (n=280,790). The survey uses a weekly quota sample, and population weights, to estimate nature visit frequency across England, and provides details on a single, randomly selected visit (n=112,422), including: a) duration; b) activity; and c) environment type. RESULTS Approximately 8.23 million (95% CIs: 7.93, 8.54) adults (19.5% of the population) made at least one 'active visit' (i.e. ≥30min, ≥3 METs) to natural environments in the previous week, resulting in 1.23 billion (1.14, 1.32) 'active visits' annually. An estimated 3.20 million (3.05, 3.35) of these also reported meeting recommended physical activity guidelines (i.e. ≥5×30min a week) fully, or in part, through such visits. Active visits by this group were associated with an estimated 109,164 (101,736, 116,592) Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) annually. Assuming the social value of a QALY to be £20,000, the annual value of these visits was approximately £2.18 billion (£2.03, £2.33). Results for walking were replicated using WHO's Health Economic Assessment Tool. CONCLUSIONS Natural environments provide the context for a large proportion of England's recreational physical activity and highlight the need to protect and manage such environments for health purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M P White
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - L R Elliott
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - T Taylor
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - B W Wheeler
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - A Spencer
- Health Economics Group, University of Exeter Medical School, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom.
| | - A Bone
- Public Health England, Environmental Change Department, 133-135 Waterloo Road, London SE1 8UG, United Kingdom.
| | - M H Depledge
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - L E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Moulson N, Wiltshire V, Taylor T, O'Connor H, Johri A. SCREENING THE HEART OF AN ATHLETE RESEARCH PROGRAM (SHARP): FEASIBILITY OF POINT OF CARE ULTRASOUND FOR SCREENING OF VARSITY ATHLETES. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
43
|
White MP, Elliott LR, Taylor T, Wheeler BW, Spencer A, Bone A, Depledge MH, Fleming LE. Recreational physical activity in natural environments and implications for health: A population based cross-sectional study in England. Prev Med 2016. [PMID: 27658650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.023.(baltim)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Building on evidence that natural environments (e.g. parks, woodlands, beaches) are key locations for physical activity, we estimated the total annual amount of adult recreational physical activity in England's natural environments, and assessed implications for population health. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of six waves (2009/10-2014/5) of the nationally representative, Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment survey (n=280,790). The survey uses a weekly quota sample, and population weights, to estimate nature visit frequency across England, and provides details on a single, randomly selected visit (n=112,422), including: a) duration; b) activity; and c) environment type. RESULTS Approximately 8.23 million (95% CIs: 7.93, 8.54) adults (19.5% of the population) made at least one 'active visit' (i.e. ≥30min, ≥3 METs) to natural environments in the previous week, resulting in 1.23 billion (1.14, 1.32) 'active visits' annually. An estimated 3.20 million (3.05, 3.35) of these also reported meeting recommended physical activity guidelines (i.e. ≥5×30min a week) fully, or in part, through such visits. Active visits by this group were associated with an estimated 109,164 (101,736, 116,592) Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) annually. Assuming the social value of a QALY to be £20,000, the annual value of these visits was approximately £2.18 billion (£2.03, £2.33). Results for walking were replicated using WHO's Health Economic Assessment Tool. CONCLUSIONS Natural environments provide the context for a large proportion of England's recreational physical activity and highlight the need to protect and manage such environments for health purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M P White
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - L R Elliott
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - T Taylor
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - B W Wheeler
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - A Spencer
- Health Economics Group, University of Exeter Medical School, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom.
| | - A Bone
- Public Health England, Environmental Change Department, 133-135 Waterloo Road, London SE1 8UG, United Kingdom.
| | - M H Depledge
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| | - L E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment & Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge, Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Taylor T, Auerbach JE, Bongard J, Clune J, Hickinbotham S, Ofria C, Oka M, Risi S, Stanley KO, Yosinski J. WebAL Comes of Age: A Review of the First 21 Years of Artificial Life on the Web. Artif Life 2016; 22:364-407. [PMID: 27472416 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a survey of the first 21 years of web-based artificial life (WebAL) research and applications, broadly construed to include the many different ways in which artificial life and web technologies might intersect. Our survey covers the period from 1994-when the first WebAL work appeared-up to the present day, together with a brief discussion of relevant precursors. We examine recent projects, from 2010-2015, in greater detail in order to highlight the current state of the art. We follow the survey with a discussion of common themes and methodologies that can be observed in recent work and identify a number of likely directions for future work in this exciting area.
Collapse
|
45
|
Taylor T, Bedau M, Channon A, Ackley D, Banzhaf W, Beslon G, Dolson E, Froese T, Hickinbotham S, Ikegami T, McMullin B, Packard N, Rasmussen S, Virgo N, Agmon E, Clark E, McGregor S, Ofria C, Ropella G, Spector L, Stanley KO, Stanton A, Timperley C, Vostinar A, Wiser M. Open-Ended Evolution: Perspectives from the OEE Workshop in York. Artif Life 2016; 22:408-423. [PMID: 27472417 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We describe the content and outcomes of the First Workshop on Open-Ended Evolution: Recent Progress and Future Milestones (OEE1), held during the ECAL 2015 conference at the University of York, UK, in July 2015. We briefly summarize the content of the workshop's talks, and identify the main themes that emerged from the open discussions. Two important conclusions from the discussions are: (1) the idea of pluralism about OEE-it seems clear that there is more than one interesting and important kind of OEE; and (2) the importance of distinguishing observable behavioral hallmarks of systems undergoing OEE from hypothesized underlying mechanisms that explain why a system exhibits those hallmarks. We summarize the different hallmarks and mechanisms discussed during the workshop, and list the specific systems that were highlighted with respect to particular hallmarks and mechanisms. We conclude by identifying some of the most important open research questions about OEE that are apparent in light of the discussions. The York workshop provides a foundation for a follow-up OEE2 workshop taking place at the ALIFE XV conference in Cancún, Mexico, in July 2016. Additional materials from the York workshop, including talk abstracts, presentation slides, and videos of each talk, are available at http://alife.org/ws/oee1 .
Collapse
|
46
|
Moore AE, Renton T, Taylor T, Popat S, Jasani MK. Authors' response. Dent Update 2016; 43:589-590. [PMID: 29148658 DOI: 10.12968/denu.2016.43.6.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
|
47
|
Lavoie K, Bell M, Taylor T, Arendse R, Saum M, Faucher D, Shawi M, Camerlain M. FRI0599 Clinician Training in Motivational Communication Skills: The Impact of The Language of Change Program among Rheumatologists from across Canada. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
48
|
Taylor T, Zone J. 055 Evidence of epidermal basement membrane transmigration by dendritic cells in dermatitis herpetiformis. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
49
|
Danino JF, Taylor T, Metcalfe CW, Muzaffar SJ, Sinha A. Readmission rates and financial penalties after ear, nose and throat surgery: how can we improve? Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2016; 76:655-7. [PMID: 26551496 DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2015.76.11.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since April 2011, all patient readmissions within 30 days have resulted in a financial penalty to the hospital trust, and therefore the responsible department. These costs may be substantial and potentially preventable. METHODS A service evaluation of readmissions within 30 days of discharge, over a 12-month period (January-December 2012), was performed in the ear, nose and throat department of a district general hospital, and findings were used as a basis to suggest areas for potential quality improvement. AIMS To determine the number of readmissions, causes of readmission and resulting costs, and to explore how these readmissions may be prevented. RESULTS The departmental 30-day readmission rate over the study period was 3.12% (81/2606). The commonest causes of readmission (33.3%) were complications following tonsillectomy (27/81) such as pain, infection or bleeding. Over a third of these patients (30/81) were readmitted for less than 24 hours, with the average length of stay being less than 2.5 days. Financial implications: In 2011 the trust had 7526 emergency readmissions which were eligible for penalty within the 30-day time frame. This resulted in a loss of income of more than £60 000 to the ear, nose and throat department. CONCLUSIONS Optimizing postoperative care and improving patient understanding of common complications may reduce readmission rates, thus limiting the financial burden on the trust. These areas could serve as a basis for future quality improvement projects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - A Sinha
- Consultant Surgeon in the Department of Otolaryngology, City Hospital, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham B18 7QH
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Palomino M, Taylor T, Göker A, Isaacs J, Warber S. The Online Dissemination of Nature-Health Concepts: Lessons from Sentiment Analysis of Social Media Relating to "Nature-Deficit Disorder". Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:E142. [PMID: 26797628 PMCID: PMC4730533 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Evidence continues to grow supporting the idea that restorative environments, green exercise, and nature-based activities positively impact human health. Nature-deficit disorder, a journalistic term proposed to describe the ill effects of people's alienation from nature, is not yet formally recognized as a medical diagnosis. However, over the past decade, the phrase has been enthusiastically taken up by some segments of the lay public. Social media, such as Twitter, with its opportunities to gather "big data" related to public opinions, offers a medium for exploring the discourse and dissemination around nature-deficit disorder and other nature-health concepts. In this paper, we report our experience of collecting more than 175,000 tweets, applying sentiment analysis to measure positive, neutral or negative feelings, and preliminarily mapping the impact on dissemination. Sentiment analysis is currently used to investigate the repercussions of events in social networks, scrutinize opinions about products and services, and understand various aspects of the communication in Web-based communities. Based on a comparison of nature-deficit-disorder "hashtags" and more generic nature hashtags, we make recommendations for the better dissemination of public health messages through changes to the framing of messages. We show the potential of Twitter to aid in better understanding the impact of the natural environment on human health and wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Palomino
- School of Computing and Digital Media, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland AB10 7GE, UK.
| | - Tim Taylor
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - Ayse Göker
- School of Computing and Digital Media, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland AB10 7GE, UK.
| | - John Isaacs
- School of Computing and Digital Media, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland AB10 7GE, UK.
| | - Sara Warber
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, UK.
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48104-1213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|