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Guan Z, Worth B, Umstead TM, Amatya S, Booth J, Chroneos ZC. Disruption of the SP-A/SP-R210 L (MYO18Aα) pathway prolongs gestation and reduces fetal survival during lipopolysaccharide-induced parturition in late gestation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L508-L513. [PMID: 38349123 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00383.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolonged labor can lead to infection, fetal distress, asphyxia, and life-threatening harm to both the mother and the baby. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) was shown to contribute to the maintenance of pregnancy and timing of term labor. SP-A modulates the stoichiometric expression of the SP-R210L and SP-R210S isoforms of the SP-R210 receptor on alveolar macrophages (AMs). Lack of SP-R210L dysregulates macrophage inflammatory responses. We asked whether SP-A alters normal and inflammation-induced parturition through SP-R210 using SP-A- and SP-R210L-deficient mice. Labor and delivery of time-pregnant mice were monitored in real time using a time-lapse infrared camera. Intrauterine injection with either vehicle or Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on embryonic (E) day 18.5 post coitus was used to assess the effect of gene disruption in chorioamnionitis-induced labor. We report that either lack of SP-A or disruption of SP-R210L delays parturition by 0.40 and 0.55 days compared with controls, respectively. LPS induced labor at 0.60, 1.01, 0.40, 1.00, and 1.31 days earlier than PBS controls in wild type (WT), SP-A-deficient, littermate controls, heterozygous, and homozygous SP-R210L-deficient mice, respectively. Lack of SP-A reduced litter size in PBS-treated mice, whereas the total number of pups delivered was similar in all LPS-treated mice. The number of live pups, however, was significantly reduced by 50%-70% in SP-A and SP-R210L-deficient mice compared with controls. Differences in gestational length were not associated with intrauterine growth restriction. The present findings support the novel concept that the SP-A/SP-R210 pathway modulates timely labor and delivery and supports fetal lung barrier integrity during fetal-to-neonatal transition in term pregnancy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY To our knowledge, this study is the first to report that SP-A prevents delay of labor and inflammation-induced stillbirth through the receptor SP-R210L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Guan
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Brandon Worth
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Shaili Amatya
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Jennifer Booth
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
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2
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Yau E, Yang L, Chen Y, Umstead TM, Stanley AE, Halstead ES, Gandhi CK, Yewdell JW, Chroneos ZC. SP-R210 isoforms of Myosin18A modulate endosomal sorting and recognition of influenza A virus infection in macrophages. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105280. [PMID: 38135024 PMCID: PMC10948314 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection causes acute and often lethal inflammation in the lung. The role of macrophages in this adverse inflammation is partially understood. The surfactant protein A receptor 210 (SP-R210) consists of two isoforms, a long (L) SP-R210L and a short (S) SP-R210S isoform encoded by alternative splicing of the myosin 18A gene. We reported that disruption of SP-R210L enhances cytosolic and endosomal antiviral response pathways. Here, we report that SP-R210L antagonizes type I interferon β (IFNβ), as depletion of SP-R210L potentiates IFNβ secretion. SP-R210 antibodies enhance and attenuate IFNβ secretion in SP-R210L replete and deficient macrophages, respectively, indicating that SP-R210 isoform stoichiometry alters macrophage function intrinsically. This reciprocal response is coupled to unopposed and restricted expression of viral genes in control and SP-R210L-deficient macrophages, respectively. Human monocytic cells with sub-stoichiometric expression of SP-R210L resist IAV infection, whereas alveolar macrophages with increased abundance of SP-R210L permit viral gene expression similar to murine macrophages. Uptake and membrane binding studies show that lack of SP-R210 isoforms does not impair IAV binding and internalization. Lack of SP-R210L, however, results in macropinocytic retention of the virus that depends on both SP-R210S and interferon-inducible transmembrane protein-3 (IFITM3). Mass spectrometry and Western blot analyses indicate that SP-R210 isoforms modulate differential recruitment of the Rho-family GTPase RAC1 and guanine nucleotide exchange factors. Our study suggests that SP-R210 isoforms modulate RAC-dependent macropinosomal sorting of IAV to discrete endosomal and lysosomal compartments that either permit or prevent endolysosomal escape and inflammatory sensing of viral genomes in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Yau
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Anne E Stanley
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - E Scott Halstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chintan K Gandhi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan W Yewdell
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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3
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Yau E, Yang L, Chen Y, Umstead TM, Atkins H, Katz ZE, Yewdell JW, Gandhi CK, Halstead ES, Chroneos ZC. Surfactant protein A alters endosomal trafficking of influenza A virus in macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:919800. [PMID: 36960051 PMCID: PMC10028185 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.919800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus infection (IAV) often leads to acute lung injury that impairs breathing and can lead to death, with disproportionate mortality in children and the elderly. Surfactant Protein A (SP-A) is a calcium-dependent opsonin that binds a variety of pathogens to help control pulmonary infections by alveolar macrophages. Alveolar macrophages play critical roles in host resistance and susceptibility to IAV infection. The effect of SP-A on IAV infection and antiviral response of macrophages, however, is not understood. Here, we report that SP-A attenuates IAV infection in a dose-dependent manner at the level of endosomal trafficking, resulting in infection delay in a model macrophage cell line. The ability of SP-A to suppress infection was independent of its glycosylation status. Binding of SP-A to hemagglutinin did not rely on the glycosylation status or sugar binding properties of either protein. Incubation of either macrophages or IAV with SP-A slowed endocytic uptake rate of IAV. SP-A interfered with binding to cell membrane and endosomal exit of the viral genome as indicated by experiments using isolated cell membranes, an antibody recognizing a pH-sensitive conformational epitope on hemagglutinin, and microscopy. Lack of SP-A in mice enhanced IFNβ expression, viral clearance and reduced mortality from IAV infection. These findings support the idea that IAV is an opportunistic pathogen that co-opts SP-A to evade host defense by alveolar macrophages. Our study highlights novel aspects of host-pathogen interactions that may lead to better understanding of the local mechanisms that shape activation of antiviral and inflammatory responses to viral infection in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Yau
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Todd M. Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Hannah Atkins
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, Hershey, United States
| | - Zoe E. Katz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Jonathan W. Yewdell
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Chintan K. Gandhi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - E. Scott Halstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Zissis C. Chroneos
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zissis C. Chroneos,
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Tsotakos N, Ahmed I, Umstead TM, Imamura Y, Yau E, Silveyra P, Chroneos ZC. All trans-retinoic acid modulates hyperoxia-induced suppression of NF-kB-dependent Wnt signaling in alveolar A549 epithelial cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272769. [PMID: 35947545 PMCID: PMC9365139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite recent advances in perinatal medicine, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains the most common complication of preterm birth. Inflammation, the main cause for BPD, results in arrested alveolarization. All trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), the active metabolite of Vitamin A, facilitates recovery from hyperoxia induced cell damage. The mechanisms involved in this response, and the genes activated, however, are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of action of ATRA in human lung epithelial cells exposed to hyperoxia. We hypothesized that ATRA reduces hyperoxia-induced inflammatory responses in A549 alveolar epithelial cells. METHODS A549 cells were exposed to hyperoxia with or without treatment with ATRA, followed by RNA-seq analysis. RESULTS Transcriptomic analysis of A549 cells revealed ~2,000 differentially expressed genes with a higher than 2-fold change. Treatment of cells with ATRA alleviated some of the hyperoxia-induced changes, including Wnt signaling, cell adhesion and cytochrome P450 genes, partially through NF-κB signaling. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Our findings support the idea that ATRA supplementation may decrease hyperoxia-induced disruption of the neonatal respiratory epithelium and alleviate development of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Tsotakos
- School of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Imtiaz Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Todd M. Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yuka Imamura
- Departments of Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Eric Yau
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Zissis C. Chroneos
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Institute of Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Polimera HV, Bhatt D, Shepherd LE, Gelmon K, Joy AA, Parulekar WR, Joshi M, Ali SM, Leitzel K, Truica C, Vasekar M, Drabick JJ, Menon H, Shah N, Maddukuri A, Moku P, Halstead ES, McKeone D, Umstead TM, Chen BE, Lipton A. Abstract P5-13-10: Elevated plasma IL-8 predicts for reduced outcomes in CCTG MA.38, a phase 2 randomized trial of palbociclib in ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p5-13-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: CCTG MA38 (NCT02630693) was a randomized phase II clinical trial that evaluated the efficacy of 2 dose schedules of palbociclib [100mg PO on continuous daily dose (CDD)] compared to 125mg PO daily for 3 weeks on/1 week off (STD) along with physician-choice of endocrine therapy in patients with ER+, HER- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in the second-line setting. The final analysis indicated that palbociclib had comparable efficacy, safety and QOL for both treatment arms (SABCS 2018, abstr PD1-10). Our lab has reported that IL-8 was highly expressed by primary human breast cancers, and that higher pretreatment plasma IL-8 was significantly correlated with elevated bone resorption in HR+MBC patients (Kamalakar A et al. Bone 61:176-85, 2014). Most recently, our lab has reported that elevated serum IL-8 predicts for significantly reduced OS in 3 large metastatic cohorts of pancreatic (ASCO 2019, abstr 4131), prostate (ASCO 2020, abstr e17565) and breast cancer patients (ASCO 2020, abstr 1067). In this retrospective study, we investigated the prognostic value of pretreatment plasma IL-8 in CCTG MA38. Methods: 123 patients enrolled in MA38 were analyzed in this retrospective biomarker study. Serum IL-8 levels were measured using the ELLA immunoassay platform (ProteinSimple, San Jose, CA). Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test were used to correlate plasma IL-8 levels with OS and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: In the total study cohort, pretreatment plasma IL-8 concentration had a median of 11.10 pg/ml, and 25% and 75% interquartiles of 7.36 and 15.00 pg/ml, respectively. In univariate analysis higher plasma IL-8 was a significant adverse biomarker for reduced PFS as a continuous variable (p = 0.01), at the median cutpoint (HR= 1.55, p=0.042), and in quartile cutpoints (HR=2.28, p=0.03, Q4 vs Q1). For OS, higher plasma IL-8 also trended significant for reduced OS at the median cutpoint (HR= 1.66, p=0.10). In multivariate analysis, higher plasma IL-8 also trended significant for reduced PFS (HR= 1.47, p=0.094). Conclusions: In the CCTG MA.38 trial, higher pre-treatment plasma IL-8 level was associated with reduced PFS, and is therefore an adverse prognostic biomarker for reduced outcome to the CDK 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Anti-IL-8 therapy combined with CDK 4/6 inhibitors should be evaluated in future trials to improve outcome in patients with higher circulating IL-8.
Citation Format: Hyma V Polimera, Dhirisha Bhatt, Lois E Shepherd, Karen Gelmon, Anil A Joy, Wendy R Parulekar, Monika Joshi, Suhail M Ali, Kim Leitzel, Cristina Truica, Monali Vasekar, Joseph J Drabick, Harry Menon, Neal Shah, Ashok Maddukuri, Prashanth Moku, E. Scott Halstead, Daniel McKeone, Todd M Umstead, BE Chen, Allan Lipton. Elevated plasma IL-8 predicts for reduced outcomes in CCTG MA.38, a phase 2 randomized trial of palbociclib in ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-13-10.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lois E Shepherd
- Queen's University, Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Gelmon
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anil A Joy
- University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Wendy R Parulekar
- Queen's University, Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Suhail M Ali
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center; Lebanon VA Medical Center, Hershey/Lebanon, PA
| | - Kim Leitzel
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | | | | | | | - Harry Menon
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | - Neal Shah
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - BE Chen
- Queen's University, Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Yau E, Chen Y, Song C, Webb J, Carillo M, Kawasawa YI, Tang Z, Takahashi Y, Umstead TM, Dovat S, Chroneos ZC. Genomic and epigenomic adaptation in SP-R210 (Myo18A) isoform-deficient macrophages. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152150. [PMID: 34735924 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, from regulating the inflammatory response to pathogens to resolving inflammation and aiding tissue repair. The surfactant protein A (SP-A) receptor SP-R210 (MYO18A) has been shown to affect basal and inflammatory macrophage states. Specifically, disruption of the longer splice isoform SP-R210L/MYO18Aα renders macrophages hyper-inflammatory, although the mechanism by which this occurs is not well understood. We asked whether disruption of the L isoform led to the hyper-inflammatory state via alteration of global genomic responses. RNA sequencing analysis of L isoform-deficient macrophages (SP-R210L(DN)) revealed basal and influenza-induced upregulation of genes associated with inflammatory pathways, such as TLR, RIG-I, NOD, and cytoplasmic DNA signaling, whereas knockout of both SP-R210 isoforms (L and S) only resulted in increased RIG-I and NOD signaling. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis showed increased genome-wide deposition of the pioneer transcription factor PU.1 in SP-R210L(DN) cells, with increased representation around genes relevant to inflammatory pathways. Additional ChIP-seq analysis of histone H3 methylation marks showed decreases in both repressive H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 marks with a commensurate increase in transcriptionally active (H3K4me3) histone marks in the L isoform deficient macrophages. Influenza A virus (IAV) infection, known to stimulate a wide array of anti-viral responses, caused a differential redistribution of PU.1 binding between proximal promoter and distal sites and decoupling from Toll-like receptor regulated gene promoters in SP-R210L(DN) cells. These finding suggest that the inflammatory differences seen in SP-R210L-deficient macrophages are a result of transcriptional differences that are mediated by epigenetic changes brought about by differential expression of the SP-R210 isoforms. This provides an avenue to explore how the signaling pathways downstream of the receptor and the ligands can modulate the macrophage inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Yau
- Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, USA.
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jason Webb
- Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Marykate Carillo
- Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Zhenyuan Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yoshinori Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Sinisa Dovat
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, USA.
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Simonson AW, Umstead TM, Lawanprasert A, Klein B, Almarzooqi S, Halstead ES, Medina SH. Extracellular matrix-inspired inhalable aerogels for rapid clearance of pulmonary tuberculosis. Biomaterials 2021; 273:120848. [PMID: 33915409 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, and limiting the spread of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is now an urgent global health priority. Essential to the persistence of this disease is the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) to circumvent host defenses by infecting lung macrophages to create a cellular niche for its survival and proliferation. This has urged the development of new therapeutic strategies that act through mechanisms distinct from conventional antibiotics, and thus are effective against MDR bacteria, while being able to efficiently kill persister Mtb cells in infected host macrophages. Here, we report a new class of gel-like microparticle aerosols, or 'aerogels', designed to exploit metabolic vulnerabilities of Mtb pathogens and TB-infected macrophages to enable preferential delivery of synergistic peptide-antibiotic combinations for potent and rapid antitubercular therapy. This is achieved by formulating aerogels through the supramolecular assembly of a de novo designed anti-TB peptide and the extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived polysaccharide, hyaluronic acid (HA). Importantly, HA serves as a nutrient source for Mtb cells during tissue invasion and proliferation, and is recognized by CD44 receptors highly expressed on lung macrophages during TB infection. By exploiting this metabolic substrate for pathogen targeting, HA aerogels are shown to avidly bind and kill both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant mycobacteria, while being efficiently internalized into macrophage host cells in vitro and in vivo to clear Mtb persisters. This multifaceted bioactivity suggests aerogels may serve as a versatile inhalable platform upon which novel biomaterials-enabled therapeutics can be developed to rapidly clear pulmonary MDR-TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Simonson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Atip Lawanprasert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bailey Klein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sarah Almarzooqi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - E Scott Halstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Scott H Medina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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Moku P, Shepherd L, Ali SM, Leitzel K, Parulekar WR, Zhu L, Virk S, Nomikos D, Aparicio S, Gelmon K, Drabick J, Cream L, Halstead ES, Umstead TM, Mckeone D, Polimera H, Maddukuri A, Ali A, Nagabhairu V, Poulose J, Pancholy N, Spiegel H, Chen BE, Lipton A. Higher serum PD-L1 level predicts increased overall survival with lapatinib versus trastuzumab in the CCTG MA.31 phase 3 trial. Cancer 2020; 126:4859-4866. [PMID: 32910476 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this retrospective biomarker study of the Canadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG) MA.31 randomized phase 3 trial (lapatinib vs trastuzumab) of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) was to evaluate the prognostic and predictive biomarker utility of pretreatment serum programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) levels. METHODS CCTG MA.31 accrued 652 HER2-positive patients; 387 had serum available (185 in the trastuzumab arm and 202 in the lapatinib arm). The Ella immunoassay platform (ProteinSimple, San Jose, California) was used to quantitate serum PD-L1 levels. Stepwise forward Cox multivariable analyses were performed for progression-free survival and overall survival (OS). RESULTS In the whole trial population, continuous pretreatment serum PD-L1 levels were not associated with OS. However, within the trastuzumab arm, a higher continuous pretreatment serum PD-L1 level was significant for shorter OS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.85; P = .04), but within the lapatinib arm, pretreatment serum PD-L1 was not associated with OS (P = .37). In the whole trial, in a multivariable analysis for OS, serum PD-L1 (median cut point) remained a significant independent covariate (HR, 2.38; P = .001). There was a significant interaction between treatment arm and continuous serum PD-L1 (bootstrap method; P = .0025): at or above 214.2 pg/mL (the 89th percentile), serum PD-L1 was associated with significantly shorter OS with trastuzumab treatment versus lapatinib treatment. CONCLUSIONS In the CCTG MA.31 trial, serum PD-L1 was a significant predictive factor: a higher pretreatment serum PD-L1 level was associated with shorter OS with trastuzumab treatment but with longer OS with lapatinib treatment. Immune evasion may decrease the effectiveness of trastuzumab therapy. Further evaluation of elevated serum PD-L1 in advanced breast cancer is warranted to identify patients with HER2-positive MBC who may benefit from novel immune-targeted therapies in addition to trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Moku
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Lois Shepherd
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suhail M Ali
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, Pennsylvania
| | - Kim Leitzel
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Wendy R Parulekar
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liting Zhu
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shakeel Virk
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dora Nomikos
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samuel Aparicio
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen Gelmon
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joe Drabick
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Leah Cream
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Todd M Umstead
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Dan Mckeone
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Hyma Polimera
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Aamnah Ali
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Joyson Poulose
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Neha Pancholy
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Bingshu E Chen
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allan Lipton
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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9
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Thorenoor N, S. Phelps D, Kala P, Ravi R, Floros Phelps A, M. Umstead T, Zhang X, Floros J. Impact of Surfactant Protein-A Variants on Survival in Aged Mice in Response to Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection and Ozone: Serendipity in Action. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091276. [PMID: 32825654 PMCID: PMC7570056 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune molecules, SP-A1 (6A2, 6A4) and SP-A2 (1A0, 1A3), differentially affect young mouse survival after infection. Here, we investigated the impact of SP-A variants on the survival of aged mice. hTG mice carried a different SP-A1 or SP-A2 variant and SP-A-KO were either infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae or exposed to filtered air (FA) or ozone (O3) prior to infection, and their survival monitored over 14 days. In response to infection alone, no gene- or sex-specific (except for 6A2) differences were observed; variant-specific survival was observed (1A0 > 6A4). In response to O3, gene-, sex-, and variant-specific survival was observed with SP-A2 variants showing better survival in males than females, and 1A0 females > 1A3 females. A serendipitous, and perhaps clinically important observation was made; mice exposed to FA prior to infection exhibited significantly better survival than infected alone mice. 1A0 provided an overall better survival in males and/or females indicating a differential role for SP-A genetics. Improved ventilation, as provided by FA, resulted in a survival of significant magnitude in aged mice and perhaps to a lesser extent in young mice. This may have clinical application especially within the context of the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithyananda Thorenoor
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.S.P.); (T.M.U.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (J.F.)
| | - David S. Phelps
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.S.P.); (T.M.U.); (X.Z.)
| | - Padma Kala
- Independent Consultant, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458, USA;
| | - Radhika Ravi
- Division of Anesthesia, Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System, 385 Tremont Avenue, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA;
| | | | - Todd M. Umstead
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.S.P.); (T.M.U.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xuesheng Zhang
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.S.P.); (T.M.U.); (X.Z.)
| | - Joanna Floros
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.S.P.); (T.M.U.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (J.F.)
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10
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Umstead TM, Hewage EK, Mathewson M, Beaudoin S, Chroneos ZC, Wang M, Halstead ES. Lower respiratory tract delivery, airway clearance, and preclinical efficacy of inhaled GM-CSF in a postinfluenza pneumococcal pneumonia model. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L571-L579. [PMID: 31994895 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00296.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhaled granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) shows promise as a therapeutic to treat viral and bacterial pneumonia, but no mouse model of inhaled GM-CSF has been described. We sought to 1) develop a mouse model of aerosolized recombinant mouse GM-CSF administration and 2) investigate the protection conferred by inhaled GM-CSF during influenza A virus (IAV) infection against secondary bacterial infection with pneumococcus. To assess lower respiratory tract delivery of aerosolized therapeutics, mice were exposed to aerosolized fluorescein (FITC)-labeled dextran noninvasively via an aerosolization tower or invasively using a rodent ventilator. The efficiency of delivery to the lower respiratory tracts of mice was 0.01% noninvasively compared with 0.3% invasively. The airway pharmacokinetics of inhaled GM-CSF fit a two-compartment model with a terminal phase half-life of 1.3 h. To test if lower respiratory tract levels were sufficient for biological effect, mice were infected intranasally with IAV, treated with aerosolized recombinant mouse GM-CSF, and then secondarily infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Inhaled GM-CSF conferred a significant survival benefit to mice against secondary challenge with S. pneumoniae (P < 0.05). Inhaled GM-CSF did not reduce airway or lung parenchymal bacterial growth but significantly reduced the incidence of S. pneumoniae bacteremia (P < 0.01). However, GM-CSF overexpression during influenza virus infection did not affect lung epithelial permeability to FITC-dextran ingress into the bloodstream. Therefore, the mechanism of protection conferred by inhaled GM-CSF appears to be locally mediated improved lung antibacterial resistance to systemic bacteremia during IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Eranda Kurundu Hewage
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Margaret Mathewson
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah Beaudoin
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - E Scott Halstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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11
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Nalian A, Umstead TM, Yang CH, Silveyra P, Thomas NJ, Floros J, McCormack FX, Chroneos ZC. Structural and Functional Determinants of Rodent and Human Surfactant Protein A: A Synthesis of Binding and Computational Data. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2613. [PMID: 31781112 PMCID: PMC6856657 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) provides surfactant stability, first line host defense, and lung homeostasis by binding surfactant phospholipids, pathogens, alveolar macrophages (AMs), and epithelial cells. Non-primates express one SP-A protein whereas humans express two: SP-A1 and SP-A2 with core intra- and inter-species differences in the collagen-like domain. Here, we used macrophages and solid phase binding assays to discern structural correlates of rat (r) and human (h) SP-A function. Binding assays using recombinant rSP-A expressed in insect cells showed that lack of proline hydroxylation, truncations of amino-terminal oligomerization domains, and site-directed serine (S) or alanine (A) mutagenesis of cysteine 6 (C6S), glutamate 195 (E195A), and glutamate 171 (E171A) in the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) all impaired SP-A binding. Replacement of arginine 197 with alanine found in hSP-A (R197A), however, restored the binding of hydroxyproline-deficient rSP-A to the SP-A receptor SP-R210 similar to native rat and human SP-A. In silico calculation of Ca++ coordination bond length and solvent accessibility surface area revealed that the “humanized” R197A substitution alters topology and solvent accessibility of the Ca++ coordination residues of the CRD domain. Binding assays in mouse AMs that were exposed to either endogenous SP-A or hSP-A1 (6A2) and hSP-A2 (1A0) isoforms in vivo revealed that mouse SP-A is a functional hybrid of hSP-A1 and hSP-A2 in regulating SP-A receptor occupancy and binding affinity. Binding assays using neonatal and adult human AMs indicates that the interaction of SP-A1 and SP-A2 with AMs is developmentally regulated. Furthermore, our data indicate that the auxiliary ion coordination loop encompassing the conserved E171 residue may comprise a conserved site of interaction with macrophages, and SP-R210 specifically, that merits further investigation to discern conserved and divergent SP-A functions between species. In summary, our findings support the notion that complex structural adaptation of SP-A regulate conserved and species specific AM functions in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armen Nalian
- Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX, United States.,The Center of Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, United States
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States.,Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Ching-Hui Yang
- The Center of Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, United States
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States.,Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Neal J Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Joanna Floros
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States.,Center of Host Defense and Inflammatory Disease Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Francis X McCormack
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- The Center of Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States.,Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and PennState Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, United States
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12
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Noutsios GT, Thorenoor N, Zhang X, Phelps DS, Umstead TM, Durrani F, Floros J. Major Effect of Oxidative Stress on the Male, but Not Female, SP-A1 Type II Cell miRNome. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1514. [PMID: 31354704 PMCID: PMC6635478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) plays an important role in surfactant metabolism and lung innate immunity. In humans there are two proteins, SP-A1 and SP-A2, encoded by SFTPA1 and SFTPA2, respectively, which are produced by the alveolar type II cells (T2C). We sought to investigate the differential influence of SP-A1 and SP-A2 in T2C miRNome under oxidative stress (OxS). SP-A knock out (KO) and hTG male and female mice expressing SP-A1 or SP-A2 as well as gonadectomized (Gx) mice were exposed to O3-induced oxidative stress (OxS) or filtered air (FA). Expression of miRNAs and mRNAs was measured in the T2C of experimental animals. (a) In SP-A1 males after normalizing to KO males, significant changes were observed in the miRNome in terms of sex-OxS effects, with 24 miRNAs being differentially expressed under OxS. (b) The mRNA targets of the dysregulated miRNAs included Ago2, Ddx20, Plcg2, Irs1, Elf2, Jak2, Map2k4, Bcl2, Ccnd1, and Vhl. We validated the expression levels of these transcripts, and observed that the mRNA levels of all of these targets were unaffected in SP-A1 T2C but six of these were significantly upregulated in the KO (except Bcl2 that was downregulated). (c) Gondadectomy had a major effect on the expression of miRNAs and in three of the mRNA targets (Irs1, Bcl2, and Vhl). Ccnd1 was upregulated in KO regardless of Gx. (d) The targets of the significantly changed miRNAs are involved in several pathways including MAPK signaling pathway, cell cycle, anti-apoptosis, and other. In conclusion, in response to OxS, SP-A1 and male hormones appear to have a major effect in the T2C miRNome.
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Affiliation(s)
- George T Noutsios
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Nithyananda Thorenoor
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Xuesheng Zhang
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - David S Phelps
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Faryal Durrani
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Joanna Floros
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
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13
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Wang G, Umstead TM, Hu S, Mikerov AN, Phelps DS, Floros J. Differential Effects of Human SP-A1 and SP-A2 on the BAL Proteome and Signaling Pathways in Response to Klebsiella pneumoniae and Ozone Exposure. Front Immunol 2019; 10:561. [PMID: 30972061 PMCID: PMC6443908 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) plays critical roles in host defense, regulation of inflammation and surfactant metabolism in the lung. The human SP-A locus consists of two functional genes, SFTPA1 and SFTPA2 encoding surfactant proteins SP-A1 and SP-A2, respectively. Structural and functional differences exist between SP-A1 and SP-A2 in vitro and in vivo. Ozone is a major air pollutant with a negative impact on many biological processes. In this study we used humanized transgenic (hTG) SP-A1 and SP-A2 mice, and SP-A KO mice to study in vivo effects of SP-A1 and SP-A2 on the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) proteomic profile and associated signaling pathways in response to ozone or filtered air (FA) exposure and Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. The BAL samples were harvested 24 h after ozone (2 ppm for 3 h) or FA exposure and infection and analyzed by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and MALDI-ToF/ToF. We found: that (1) Ozone exposure, but not infection, is a major factor for increases in total BAL protein content. (2) A total of 36 proteins were identified, accounting for 89.62% of the BAL proteins resolved by the 2D-DIGE system. (3) The number of proteins in which levels were altered more than 25% following infection and FA exposure was: SP-A2 > SP-A1 > KO for male mice, and SP-A2 ≈ SP-A1 > KO for female mice. (4) The number of proteins with more than 25% increase/decrease after ozone exposure and infection was: SP-A2 > SP-A1 ≈ KO, with the majority being increases in male mice and decreases in female mice. (5) Eleven out of the 36 proteins, including annexin A5, glutathione S-transferase A4, SP-A1/SP-A2, and 14-3-3 zeta protein, exhibited significant differences among SP-A genotypes. The acute phase response (APR) that includes the NF-kB signaling pathway plays a critical role, followed by Nrf2-mediated oxidative response, and others. These associated with SP-A genotype, sex, and ozone-induced oxidative stress in response to infection. We concluded that human SP-A2 and SP-A1 exhibit differential genotype-and sex-dependent innate immune responses to microbial pathogens and/or ozone-induced oxidative stress by modulating proteomic patterns and signaling pathways in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Sanmei Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Anatoly N Mikerov
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - David S Phelps
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Joanna Floros
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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14
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Thorenoor N, Umstead TM, Zhang X, Phelps DS, Floros J. Survival of Surfactant Protein-A1 and SP-A2 Transgenic Mice After Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection, Exhibits Sex-, Gene-, and Variant Specific Differences; Treatment With Surfactant Protein Improves Survival. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2404. [PMID: 30459763 PMCID: PMC6232836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is involved in lung innate host defense and surfactant-related functions. The human SFTPA1 and SFTPA2 genes encode SP-A1 and SP-2 proteins, and each gene has been identified with numerous genetic variants. SP-A1 and SP-A2 differentially enhance bacterial phagocytosis. Sex differences have been observed in pulmonary disease and in survival of wild type and SP-A knockout (KO) mice. The impact of human SP-A variants on survival after infection is unknown. In this study, we determined whether SP-A variants differentially affect survival of male and female mice infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Transgenic (TG) mice, where each carries a different human (h) SP-A1 (6A2, 6A4), SP-A2 (1A0, 1A3) variant or both variants SP-A1/SP-A2 (6A2/1A0, co-ex), and SP-A- KO, were utilized. The hTG and KO mice were infected intratracheally with K. pneumoniae bacteria, and groups of KO mice were treated with SP-A1 or SP-A2 either prior to and/or at the time of infection and survival for both experimental groups was monitored over 14 days. The binding of purified SP-A1 and SP-A2 proteins to phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells and expression of cell surface proteins in alveolar macrophages (AM) from SP-A1 and SP-A2 mice was examined. We observed gene-, variant-, and sex-specific (except for co-ex) differences with females showing better survival: (a) Gene-specific differences: co-ex = SP-A2 > SP-A1 > KO (both sexes); (b) Variant-specific survival co-ex (6A2/1A0) = 1A0 > 1A3 = 6A2 > 6A4 (both sexes); (c) KO mice treated with SPs (SP-A1 or SP-A2) proteins exhibit significantly (p < 0.05) better survival; (d) SP-A1 and SP-A2 differentially bind to phagocytic, but not to non-phagocytic cells, and AM from SP-A1 and SP-A2 hTG mice exhibit differential expression of cell surface proteins. Our results indicate that sex and SP-A genetics differentially affect survival after infection and that exogenous SP-A1/SP-A2 treatment significantly improves survival. We postulate that the differential SP-A1/SP-A2 binding to the phagocytic cells and the differential expression of cell surface proteins that bind SP-A by AM from SP-A1 and SP-A2 mice play a role in this process. These findings provide insight into the importance of sex and innate immunity genetics in survival following infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithyananda Thorenoor
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Xuesheng Zhang
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - David S Phelps
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Joanna Floros
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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15
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Halstead ES, Umstead TM, Davies ML, Kawasawa YI, Silveyra P, Howyrlak J, Yang L, Guo W, Hu S, Hewage EK, Chroneos ZC. GM-CSF overexpression after influenza a virus infection prevents mortality and moderates M1-like airway monocyte/macrophage polarization. Respir Res 2018; 19:3. [PMID: 29304863 PMCID: PMC5756339 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0708-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza A viruses cause life-threatening pneumonia and lung injury in the lower respiratory tract. Application of high GM-CSF levels prior to infection has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality from pathogenic influenza infection in mice, but the mechanisms of protection and treatment efficacy have not been established. METHODS Mice were infected intranasally with influenza A virus (PR8 strain). Supra-physiologic levels of GM-CSF were induced in the airways using the double transgenic GM-CSF (DTGM) or littermate control mice starting on 3 days post-infection (dpi). Assessment of respiratory mechanical parameters was performed using the flexiVent rodent ventilator. RNA sequence analysis was performed on FACS-sorted airway macrophage subsets at 8 dpi. RESULTS Supra-physiologic levels of GM-CSF conferred a survival benefit, arrested the deterioration of lung mechanics, and reduced the abundance of protein exudates in bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid to near baseline levels. Transcriptome analysis, and subsequent validation ELISA assays, revealed that excess GM-CSF re-directs macrophages from an "M1-like" to a more "M2-like" activation state as revealed by alterations in the ratios of CXCL9 and CCL17 in BAL fluid, respectively. Ingenuity pathway analysis predicted that GM-CSF surplus during IAV infection elicits expression of anti-inflammatory mediators and moderates M1 macrophage pro-inflammatory signaling by Type II interferon (IFN-γ). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that application of high levels of GM-CSF in the lung after influenza A virus infection alters pathogenic "M1-like" macrophage inflammation. These results indicate a possible therapeutic strategy for respiratory virus-associated pneumonia and acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Scott Halstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Todd M. Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Michael L. Davies
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Departments of Pharmacology & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Judie Howyrlak
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Weichao Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Sanmei Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Eranda Kurundu Hewage
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Zissis C. Chroneos
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA USA
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16
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Noutsios GT, Thorenoor N, Zhang X, Phelps DS, Umstead TM, Durrani F, Floros J. SP-A2 contributes to miRNA-mediated sex differences in response to oxidative stress: pro-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidant pathways are involved. Biol Sex Differ 2017; 8:37. [PMID: 29202868 PMCID: PMC5716385 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-017-0158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human innate host defense molecules, surfactant protein A1 (SP-A1), and SP-A2 differentially affect the function and proteome of the alveolar macrophage (AM). We hypothesized that SP-A genes differentially regulate the AM miRNome. METHODS Humanized transgenic mice expressing SP-A1 and SP-A2 were subjected to O3-induced oxidative stress (OxS) or filtered air (FA), AMs were isolated, and miRNA levels were measured. RESULTS In SP-A2 males, we found significant changes in miRNome in terms of sex and sex-OxS effects, with 11 miRNAs differentially expressed under OxS. Their mRNA targets included BCL2, CAT, FOXO1, IL6, NF-kB, SOD2, and STAT3. We followed the expression of these transcripts as well as key cytokines, and we found that (a) the STAT3 mRNA significantly increased at 4 h post OxS and returned to baseline at 18 h post OxS. (b) The anti-oxidant protein SOD2 level significantly increased, but the CAT level did not change after 4 h post OxS compared to control. (c) The anti-apoptotic BCL2 mRNA increased significantly (18 h post OxS), but the levels of the other transcripts were decreased. The presence of the SP-A2 gene had a protective role in apoptosis of AMs under OxS compared to mice lacking SP-A (knockout, KO). (d) Pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 protein levels were significantly increased in SP-A2 mice compared to KO (4 and 18 h post OxS), which signifies the role of SP-A2 in pro-inflammatory protein expression. (e) SOD2 and CAT mRNAs changed significantly in OxS indicating a plausible role of SP-A2 in the homeostasis of reactive oxygen species. (f) Gonadectomy of transgenic mice showed that sex hormones contribute to significant changes of the miRNome expression. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that SP-A2 influences the miRNA-mediated sex-specific differences in response to OxS. In males, these differences pertain to inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- George T Noutsios
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA
| | - Nithyananda Thorenoor
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA
| | - Xuesheng Zhang
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA
| | - David S Phelps
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA
| | - Faryal Durrani
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA
| | - Joanna Floros
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA.
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17
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Kurundu Hewage EMK, Spear D, Umstead TM, Hu S, Wang M, Wong PK, Chroneos ZC, Halstead ES, Thomas NJ. An Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Pediatric Bloodstream Infections. SLAS Technol 2017; 22:616-625. [PMID: 28850805 DOI: 10.1177/2472630317727704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bloodstream infections are major contributing factors of morbidity and mortality among children. Precise and timely identification of causative agents can improve the clinical management and outcome of the infection, potentially saving lives. Electrochemical biosensors previously described by Gao et al. (2017) have the potential to deliver greater speed and discrimination. However, to date there are no data that determine whether the age of the host would cause bacteria to demonstrate different growth characteristics, or whether pediatric samples would behave differently using this electrochemical biosensor. The importance of this knowledge gap is clear: the preclinical testing phase of this line of research is limited by the relative lack of pediatric healthy blood volunteers to complete this work. Therefore, in this study we have applied this novel technology to diagnose bacteria spiked into pediatric blood and compared directly with adult blood samples. Only 180 µL of blood was utilized from both adult and pediatric volunteers and inoculated with Escherichia coli 67, and the signals generated at different time points were compared. We were able to demonstrate that the signals generated by adult and pediatric blood were not significantly different with this detection technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eranda M K Kurundu Hewage
- 1 Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Debbie Spear
- 2 Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- 1 Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sanmei Hu
- 1 Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Ming Wang
- 3 Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Pak Kin Wong
- 4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Surgery, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- 1 Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,5 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - E Scott Halstead
- 1 Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,2 Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Neal J Thomas
- 1 Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,3 Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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18
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Fino KK, Yang L, Silveyra P, Hu S, Umstead TM, DiAngelo S, Halstead ES, Cooper TK, Abraham T, Takahashi Y, Zhou Z, Wang HG, Chroneos ZC. SH3GLB2/endophilin B2 regulates lung homeostasis and recovery from severe influenza A virus infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7262. [PMID: 28779131 PMCID: PMC5544693 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07724-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
New influenza A viruses that emerge frequently elicit composite inflammatory responses to both infection and structural damage of alveolar-capillary barrier cells that hinders regeneration of respiratory function. The host factors that relinquish restoration of lung health to enduring lung injury are insufficiently understood. Here, we investigated the role of endophilin B2 (B2) in susceptibility to severe influenza infection. WT and B2-deficient mice were infected with H1N1 PR8 by intranasal administration and course of influenza pneumonia, inflammatory, and tissue responses were monitored over time. Disruption of B2 enhanced recovery from severe influenza infection as indicated by swift body weight recovery and significantly better survival of endophilin B2-deficient mice compared to WT mice. Compared to WT mice, the B2-deficient lungs exhibited induction of genes that express surfactant proteins, ABCA3, GM-CSF, podoplanin, and caveolin mRNA after 7 days, temporal induction of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein CEBPα, β, and δ mRNAs 3-14 days after infection, and differences in alveolar extracellular matrix integrity and respiratory mechanics. Flow cytometry and gene expression studies demonstrated robust recovery of alveolar macrophages and recruitment of CD4+ lymphocytes in B2-deficient lungs. Targeting of endophilin B2 alleviates adverse effects of IAV infection on respiratory and immune cells enabling restoration of alveolar homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin K Fino
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sanmei Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Susan DiAngelo
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - E Scott Halstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
- Children's Hospital, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy K Cooper
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas Abraham
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, and the Microscopy Imaging Facility, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yoshinori Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhixiang Zhou
- The College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Gang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA.
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19
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Booth JL, Umstead TM, Hu S, Dybvig KF, Cooper TK, Wilson RP, Chroneos ZC. Housing conditions modulate the severity of Mycoplasma pulmonis infection in mice deficient in class A scavenger receptor. Comp Med 2014; 64:424-439. [PMID: 25527023 PMCID: PMC4275078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasmosis is a frequent causative microbial agent of community-acquired pneumonia and has been linked to exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The macrophage class A scavenger receptor (SRA) facilitates the clearance of noxious particles, oxidants, and infectious organisms by alveolar macrophages. We examined wildtype and SRA(-/-) mice, housed in either individually ventilated or static filter-top cages that were cycled with fresh bedding every 14 d, as a model of gene-environment interaction on the outcome of pulmonary Mycoplasma pulmonis infection. Intracage NH3 gas measurements were recorded daily prior to infection. Mice were intranasally infected with 1 × 10(7) cfu M. pulmonis UAB CT and evaluated at 3, 7, and 14 d after inoculation. Wildtype mice cleared 99.5% of pulmonary M. pulmonis by 3 d after infection but remained chronically infected through the study. SRA (-/-) mice were chronically infected with 40-fold higher mycoplasma numbers than were wildtype mice. M. pulmonis caused a chronic mixed inflammatory response that was accompanied with high levels of IL1β, KC, MCP1, and TNFα in SRA(-/-) mice, whereas pulmonary inflammation in WT mice was represented by a monocytosis with elevation of IL1β. Housing had a prominent influence on the severity and persistence of mycoplasmosis in SRA(-/-) mice. SRA(-/-) mice housed in static cages had an improved recovery and significant changes in surfactant proteins SPA and SPD compared with baseline levels. These results indicate that SRA is required to prevent chronic mycoplasma infection of the lung. Furthermore, environmental conditions may exacerbate chronic inflammation in M. pulmonis-infected SRA(-/-) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Booth
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sanmei Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kevin F Dybvig
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Timothy K Cooper
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ronald P Wilson
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
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20
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Silveyra P, Chroneos ZC, DiAngelo SL, Thomas NJ, Noutsios GT, Tsotakos N, Howrylak JA, Umstead TM, Floros J. Knockdown of Drosha in human alveolar type II cells alters expression of SP-A in culture: a pilot study. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:354-66. [PMID: 25058539 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.929757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Human surfactant protein A (SP-A) plays an important role in surfactant metabolism and lung innate immunity. SP-A is synthesized and secreted by alveolar type II (ATII) cells, one of the two cell types of the distal lung epithelium (ATII and ATI). We have shown that miRNA interactions with sequence polymorphisms on the SP-A mRNA 3'UTRs mediate differential expression of SP-A1 and SP-A2 gene variants in vitro. In the present study, we describe a physiologically relevant model to study miRNA regulation of SP-A in human ATII. For these studies, we purified and cultured human ATII on an air-liquid interface matrix (A/L) or plastic wells without matrix (P). Gene expression analyses confirmed that cells cultured in A/L maintained the ATII phenotype for over 5 days, whereas P-cultured cells differentiated to ATI. When we transfected ATII with siRNAs to inhibit the expression of Drosha, a critical effector of miRNA maturation, the levels of SP-A mRNA and protein increased in a time dependent manner. We next characterized cultured ATII and ATI by studying expression of 1,066 human miRNAs using miRNA PCR arrays. We detected expression of >300 miRNAs with 24 miRNAs differentially expressed in ATII versus ATI, 12 of which predicted to bind SP-A 3'UTRs, indicating that these may be implicated in SP-A downregulation in ATI. Thus, miRNAs not only affect SP-A expression, but also may contribute to the maintenance of the ATII cell phenotype and/or the trans-differentiation of ATII to ATI cells, and may represent new molecular markers that distinguish ATII and ATI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Silveyra
- 1Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania , USA
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21
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Phelps DS, Umstead TM, Floros J. Sex differences in the acute in vivo effects of different human SP-A variants on the mouse alveolar macrophage proteome. J Proteomics 2014; 108:427-44. [PMID: 24954098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is involved in lung innate immunity. Humans have two SP-A genes, SFTPA1 and SFTPA2, each with several variants. We examined the in vivo effects of treatment with specific SP-A variants on the alveolar macrophage (AM) proteome from SP-A knockout (KO) mice. KO mice received either SP-A1, SP-A2, or both. AM were collected and their proteomes examined with 2D-DIGE. We identified 90 proteins and categorized them as related to actin/cytoskeleton, oxidative stress, protease balance/chaperones, regulation of inflammation, and regulatory/developmental processes. SP-A1 and SP-A2 had different effects on the AM proteome and these effects differed between sexes. In males more changes occurred in the oxidative stress, protease/chaperones, and inflammation groups with SP-A2 treatment than with SP-A1. In females most SP-A1-induced changes were in the actin/cytoskeletal and oxidative stress groups. We conclude that after acute SP-A1 and SP-A2 treatment, sex-specific differences were observed in the AM proteomes from KO mice, and that these sex differences differ in response to SP-A1 and SP-A2. Females are more responsive to SP-A1, whereas the gene-specific differences in males were minimal. These observations not only demonstrate the therapeutic potential of exogenous SP-A, but also illustrate sex- and gene-specific differences in the response to it. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study shows that changes occur in the alveolar macrophage proteome in response to a single in vivo treatment with exogenous SP-A1 and/or SP-A2. We demonstrate that SP-A1 and SP-A2 have different effects on the AM proteome and that sex differences exist in the response to each SP-A1 and SP-A2 gene product. This study illustrates the potential of exogenous SP-A1 and SP-A2 treatment for the manipulation of macrophage function and indicates that the specific SP-A variant used for treatment may vary with sex and with the cellular functions being modified. The observed changes may contribute to sex differences in the incidence of some lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Phelps
- The Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- The Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joanna Floros
- The Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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22
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Mikerov AN, Phelps DS, Gan X, Umstead TM, Haque R, Wang G, Floros J. Effect of ozone exposure and infection on bronchoalveolar lavage: sex differences in response patterns. Toxicol Lett 2014; 230:333-344. [PMID: 24769259 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Female mice exhibit a better survival rate than males after infection, but if infection follows an ozone-induced oxidative stress, male survival exceeds that of females. Our goal was to study bronchoalveolar lavage factors that contribute to these sex differences in outcome. We studied parameters at 4, 24, and 48 h after ozone exposure and infection, including markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue damage, and surfactant phospholipids and surfactant protein A (SP-A). A multianalyte immunoassay at the 4h time point measured 59 different cytokines, chemokines, and other proteins. We found that: (1) Although some parameters studied revealed sex differences, no sex differences were observed in LDH, total protein, MIP-2, and SP-A. Males showed more intragroup significant differences in SP-A between filtered air- and ozone-exposed mice compared to females. (2) Oxidized dimeric SP-A was higher in FA-exposed female mice. (3) Surfactant phospholipids were typically higher in males. (4) The multianalyte data revealed differences in the exuberance of responses under different conditions - males in response to infection and females in response to oxidative stress. These more exuberant, and presumably less well-controlled responses associate with the poorer survival. We postulate that the collective effects of these sex differences in response patterns of lung immune cells may contribute to the clinical outcomes previously observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly N Mikerov
- The Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of General Hygiene and Ecology, Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia
| | - David S Phelps
- The Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Xiaozhuang Gan
- The Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- The Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Rizwanul Haque
- The Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Guirong Wang
- The Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joanna Floros
- The Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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23
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Olmeda B, Umstead TM, Silveyra P, Pascual A, López-Barneo J, Phelps DS, Floros J, Pérez-Gil J. Effect of hypoxia on lung gene expression and proteomic profile: insights into the pulmonary surfactant response. J Proteomics 2014; 101:179-91. [PMID: 24576641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Exposure of lung to hypoxia has been previously reported to be associated with significant alterations in the protein content of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung tissue. In the present work we have used a proteomic approach to describe the changes in protein complement induced by moderate long-term hypoxia (rats exposed to 10% O2 for 72h) in BAL and lung tissue, with a special focus on the proteins associated with pulmonary surfactant, which could indicate adaptation of this system to limited oxygen availability. The analysis of the general proteomic profile indicates a hypoxia-induced increase in proteins associated with inflammation both in lavage and lung tissue. Analysis at mRNA and protein levels revealed no significant changes induced by hypoxia on the content in surfactant proteins or their apparent oligomeric state. In contrast, we detected a hypoxia-induced significant increase in the expression and accumulation of hemoglobin in lung tissue, at both mRNA and protein levels, as well as an accumulation of hemoglobin both in BAL and associated with surface-active membranes of the pulmonary surfactant complex. Evaluation of pulmonary surfactant surface activity from hypoxic rats showed no alterations in its spreading ability, ruling out inhibition by increased levels of serum or inflammatory proteins. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This work reveals that hypoxia induces extensive changes in the proteomic profile of lung bronchoalveolar lavage, including the presence of proteins related with inflammation both in lung tissue and lavage, and a significant increase in the synthesis and secretion by the lung tissue of different forms of hemoglobin. The level of specific pulmonary surfactant-associated proteins is not substantially altered due to hypoxia, but hypoxia-adapted surfactant exhibits an enhanced ability to form surface-active films at the air-liquid interface. The increased amount of β-globin integrated into the operative surfactant complexes obtained from hypoxic rats is a relevant feature that points to the existence of adaptive responses coupling surfactant function and oxygen availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Olmeda
- Dept. Bioquímica, Fac. Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD), Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD), Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Alberto Pascual
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José López-Barneo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - David S Phelps
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD), Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joanna Floros
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD), Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Dept. Bioquímica, Fac. Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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Phelps DS, Umstead TM, Silveyra P, Hu S, Wang G, Floros J. Differences in the alveolar macrophage proteome in transgenic mice expressing human SP-A1 and SP-A2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 1:2-26. [PMID: 24729982 DOI: 10.14302/issn.2326-0793.jpgr-12-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) plays a number of roles in lung host defense and innate immunity. There are two human genes, SFTPA1 and SFTPA2, and evidence indicates that the function of SP-A1 and SP-A2 proteins differ in several respects. To investigate the impact of SP-A1 and SP-A2 on the alveolar macrophage (AM) phenotype, we generated humanized transgenic (hTG) mice on the SP-A knockout (KO) background, each expressing human SP-A1 or SP-A2. Using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) we studied the AM cellular proteome. We compared mouse lines expressing high levels of SPA1, high levels of SP-A2, low levels of SP-A1, and low levels of SP-A2, with wild type (WT) and SP-A KO mice. AM from mice expressing high levels of SP-A2 were the most similar to WT mice, particularly for proteins related to actin and the cytoskeleton, as well as proteins regulated by Nrf2. The expression patterns from mouse lines expressing higher levels of the transgenes were almost the inverse of one another - the most highly expressed proteins in SP-A2 exhibited the lowest levels in the SP-A1 mice and vice versa. The mouse lines where each expressed low levels of SP-A1 or SP-A2 transgene had very similar protein expression patterns suggesting that responses to low levels of SP-A are independent of SP-A genotype, whereas the responses to higher amounts of SP-A are genotype-dependent. Together these observations indicate that in vivo exposure to SP-A1 or SP-A2 differentially affects the proteomic expression of AMs, with SP-A2 being more similar to WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Phelps
- C enter for H ost defense, I nflammation, and L ung D isease (CHILD) Research and Departments of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- C enter for H ost defense, I nflammation, and L ung D isease (CHILD) Research and Departments of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- C enter for H ost defense, I nflammation, and L ung D isease (CHILD) Research and Departments of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Sanmei Hu
- C enter for H ost defense, I nflammation, and L ung D isease (CHILD) Research and Departments of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Guirong Wang
- C enter for H ost defense, I nflammation, and L ung D isease (CHILD) Research and Departments of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Joanna Floros
- C enter for H ost defense, I nflammation, and L ung D isease (CHILD) Research and Departments of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. ; Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Konsavage WM, Umstead TM, Wu Y, Phelps DS, Shenberger JS. Hyperoxia-induced alterations in the pulmonary proteome of juvenile rats. Exp Lung Res 2013; 39:107-17. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2013.763871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
An in vitro system has been developed to expose proteins to ozone. The system is designed to deliver consistent and accurate levels of ozone over a range of concentrations (between 0.1 and >/=10 ppm) with extended exposure times (24 h or longer) in a humidified environment (100%). In the experiment presented in this article, ozone concentrations between 0.1 and 2.0 ppm were used. Ozone was generated by an electrical discharge ozonizer to ensure stability; it was continually monitored by an ultraviolet ozone analyzer and was precisely controlled by mass flow controllers, which gave reproducible results between runs. Humidity was closely regulated in the system to allow small amounts of protein solutions (50 muL or less) to be exposed without significant changes (<0.2%) in sample volume. The degree of surfactant protein-A (SP-A) oxidation by ozone was measured between runs to demonstrate the reproducibility of the system. A detailed description of the system is given, and protein oxidation detection methods and their limitations are discussed. Using these methods, we were able to assess oxidation of SP-A that apparently occurred prior to its isolation from the lung by bronchoalveolar lavage. This in vitro system allowed us to expose small amounts of protein to ozone in a simple, highly controlled, and reproducible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PennsylvaniaUSA
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Phelps DS, Umstead TM, Floros J. Sex differences in the response of the alveolar macrophage proteome to treatment with exogenous surfactant protein-A. Proteome Sci 2012; 10:44. [PMID: 22824420 PMCID: PMC3570446 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-10-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Male wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice are less capable of clearing bacteria and surviving from bacterial pneumonia than females. However, if an oxidative stress (acute ozone exposure) occurs before infection, the advantage shifts to males who then survive at higher rates than females. We have previously demonstrated that survival in surfactant protein-A (SP-A) knockout (KO) mice compared to WT was significantly reduced. Because the alveolar macrophage (AM) is pivotal in host defense we hypothesized that SP-A and circulating sex hormones are responsible for these sex differences. We used 2D-DIGE to examine the relationship of sex and SP-A on the AM proteome. The role of SP-A was investigated by treating SP-A KO mice with exogenous SP-A for 6 and 18 hr and studying its effects on the AM proteome. Results We found: 1) less variance between KO males and females than between the WT counterparts by principal component analysis, indicating that SP-A plays a role in sex differences; 2) fewer changes in females when the total numbers of significantly changing protein spots or identified whole proteins in WT or 18 hr SP-A-treated males or females were compared to their respective KO groups; 3) more proteins with functions related to chaperones or protease balance and Nrf2-regulated proteins changed in response to SP-A in females than in males; and 4) the overall pattern of SP-A induced changes in actin-related proteins were similar in both sexes, although males had more significant changes. Conclusions Although there seems to be an interaction between sex and the effect of SP-A, it is unclear what the responsible mechanisms are. However, we found that several of the proteins that were expressed at significantly higher levels in females than in males in WT and/or in KO mice are known to interact with the estrogen receptor and may thus play a role in the SP-A/sex interaction. These include major vault protein, chaperonin subunit 2 (beta) (CCT2), and Rho GDP alpha dissociation inhibitor. We conclude that sex differences exist in the proteome of AM derived from male and female mice and that SP-A contributes to these sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Phelps
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease(CHILD) Research and Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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Macneill C, de Guzman G, Sousa GE, Umstead TM, Phelps DS, Floros J, Ahn K, Weisz J. Cyclic changes in the level of the innate immune molecule, surfactant protein-a, and cytokines in vaginal fluid. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 68:244-50. [PMID: 22672628 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2012.01155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Our knowledge of the innate host defenses in the vagina, a site where these defenses are essential to protecting the host upper reproductive tract from invasion by pathogens, is as yet rudimentary. Specifically, little is known about the pattern-recognition component of vaginal innate immunity, the relationship of pattern-recognition molecules to known cytokine levels, and the role of gonadal hormones in their regulation. METHOD OF STUDY We measured levels of Surfactant Protein-A (SP-A), a prototypic innate pattern-recognition protein, in vaginal fluid (VF) and correlated them with levels of IL-1β and IL-8, two cytokines known to be present in VF. Assays were carried out on VF collected over three consecutive cycles from ten healthy naturally cycling women who were sampled at three specific time points in the menstrual cycle. The three time points were chosen to enable correlation with distinct hormonal states. RESULTS Both SP-A and cytokines levels were highest 5-6 days after menses (P < 0.05) and were significantly lower at ovulation and mid-luteal phase. CONCLUSION Surfactant Protein-A, like other host defense molecules in the reproductive tract, appears to be regulated by gonadal hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Macneill
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17083, USA.
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29
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Mikerov AN, Hu S, Durrani F, Gan X, Wang G, Umstead TM, Phelps DS, Floros J. Impact of sex and ozone exposure on the course of pneumonia in wild type and SP-A (-/-) mice. Microb Pathog 2012; 52:239-49. [PMID: 22285567 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Female mice exhibited higher survival rate than males after pneumonia, with a reversal of this pattern following ozone exposure. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) plays an important role in innate immunity and SP-A (-/-) mice were more susceptible to pneumonia than wild type mice. Here, we investigated underlying mechanisms of the differential susceptibility of mice to pneumonia. Wild type and SP-A (-/-) C57BL/6J male and female mice were exposed to ozone or filtered air (FA) and then infected intratracheally with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Blood, spleen, and lung were analyzed for bacterial counts, lung and spleen weights, and sex hormone and cortisol levels were measured in plasma within two days post-infection. We found: 1) in the absence of ozone-induced oxidative stress, males had higher level of bacterial dissemination compared to females; ozone exposure decreased pulmonary clearance in both sexes and ozone-exposed females were more affected than males; 2) ozone exposure increased lung weight, but decreased spleen weight in both sexes, and in both cases ozone-exposed females were affected the most; 3) plasma cortisol levels in infected mice changed: ozone-exposed>FA-exposed, females>males, and infected>non-infected; 4) no major sex hormone differences were observed in the studied conditions; 5) differences between wild type and SP-A (-/-) mice were observed in some of the studied conditions. We concluded that reduced pulmonary clearance, compromised spleen response to infection, and increased cortisol levels in ozone-exposed females, and the higher level of lung bacterial dissemination in FA-exposed males, contribute to the previously observed survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly N Mikerov
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey H085, PA 17033, USA
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Umstead TM, Lu CJK, Freeman WM, Myers JL, Clark JB, Thomas NJ, Icitovic N, Chinchilli VM, Ündar A, Phelps DS. The Kinetics of Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Dual-Platform Proteomics Study of Plasma Biomarkers in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Artif Organs 2012; 36:E1-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2011.01412.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Phelps DS, Umstead TM, Quintero OA, Yengo CM, Floros J. In vivo rescue of alveolar macrophages from SP-A knockout mice with exogenous SP-A nearly restores a wild type intracellular proteome; actin involvement. Proteome Sci 2011; 9:67. [PMID: 22035134 PMCID: PMC3219558 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-9-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mice lacking surfactant protein-A (SP-A-/-; knockout; KO) exhibit increased vulnerability to infection and injury. Although many bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protein differences between KO and wild-type (WT) are rapidly reversed in KO after infection, their clinical course is still compromised. We studied the impact of SP-A on the alveolar macrophage (AM) proteome under basal conditions. Male SP-A KO mice were SP-A-treated (5 micrograms/mouse) and sacrificed in 6 or 18 hr. The AM proteomes of KO, SP-A-treated KO, and WT mice were studied by 2D-DIGE coupled with MALDI-ToF/ToF and AM actin distribution was examined by phalloidon staining. RESULTS We observed: a) significant differences from KO in WT or exogenous SP-A-treated in 45 of 76 identified proteins (both increases and decreases). These included actin-related/cytoskeletal proteins (involved in motility, phagocytosis, endocytosis), proteins of intracellular signaling, cell differentiation/regulation, regulation of inflammation, protease/chaperone function, and proteins related to Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response pathway; b) SP-A-induced changes causing the AM proteome of the KO to resemble that of WT; and c) that SP-A treatment altered cell size and F-actin distribution. CONCLUSIONS These differences are likely to enhance AM function. The observations show for the first time that acute in vivo SP-A treatment of KO mice, under basal or unstimulated conditions, affects the expression of multiple AM proteins, alters F-actin distribution, and can restore much of the WT phenotype. We postulate that the SP-A-mediated expression profile of the AM places it in a state of "readiness" to successfully conduct its innate immune functions and ensure lung health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Phelps
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research and Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Mikerov AN, Cooper TK, Wang G, Hu S, Umstead TM, Phelps DS, Floros J. Histopathologic evaluation of lung and extrapulmonary tissues show sex differences in Klebsiella pneumoniae - infected mice under different exposure conditions. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2011; 3:176-190. [PMID: 21941609 PMCID: PMC3175744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that female mice with pneumonia have a survival advantage over males, but this is reversed if ozone exposure precedes infection. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that underlie these observations, by studying histopathologic changes in lung and extrapulmonary (spleen and liver) tissues after ozone or filtered air (FA) exposure followed by pulmonary bacterial infection. Male and female wild type C57BL/6J mice were exposed to ozone or FA, then anesthetized and infected intratracheally with Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. Tissues (lung, spleen, and liver) were subjected to histopathologic analysis at 48 h post-infection. We found that after infection, 1) the severity of inflammation was higher, the affected area of the lung was larger, and spleen red pulp myelopoiesis was lower in ozone-exposed mice compared to FA-exposed animals in both sexes; 2) more pronounced extrapulmonary lesions (in liver and spleen) were observed in FA-exposed males compared to FA-exposed females; and 3) excessive lung inflammatory response was detected in ozone-exposed females compared to ozone-exposed males. We concluded that different risk factors contribute to the differential outcome of pneumonia between sexes in the presence or absence of ozone-induced oxidative stress. In specific, the excessive lung inflammation and higher risk for extrapulmonary lesions in ozone-exposed infected females and in FA-exposed infected males appear to play, respectively, a dominant role in the previously observed respective survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly N Mikerov
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Timothy K Cooper
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey, PA 17033, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Guirong Wang
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Sanmei Hu
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - David S Phelps
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Joanna Floros
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey, PA 17033, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey, PA 17033, USA
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Bortner JD, Richie JP, Das A, Liao J, Umstead TM, Stanley A, Stanley BA, Belani CP, El-Bayoumy K. Proteomic profiling of human plasma by iTRAQ reveals down-regulation of ITI-HC3 and VDBP by cigarette smoking. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:1151-9. [PMID: 21186835 DOI: 10.1021/pr100925p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers in noninvasive fluids indicative of cigarette smoke's effects are urgently needed. In this pilot study, we utilized the proteomic approach, isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation (iTRAQ), to identify differentially expressed plasma proteins in healthy cigarette smokers compared to healthy nonsmokers; select proteins were further confirmed by immunoblot analysis. Significant, differentially expressed proteins identified in the plasma separated subjects based on their condition as smokers or nonsmokers. Several of the proteins identified in this study are associated with immunity and inflammatory responses and have been shown to be associated with tobacco-related diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Proteins up-regulated in smokers included complement component 8 polypeptide chains α, β, and γ, and mannose-binding protein C, and proteins down-regulated included inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H3 (ITI-HC3) and vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP). In addition, gelsolin and vitronectin, known tissue leakage proteins, were up- and down-regulated, respectively. Our results demonstrate for the first time that chronic cigarette smoking can influence the expression profile of the human plasma proteome. Proteins identified in this pilot study may serve as candidate biomarkers of diseases resulting from exposure to cigarette smoke in future molecular epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Bortner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Ali M, Umstead TM, Haque R, Mikerov AN, Freeman WM, Floros J, Phelps DS. Differences in the BAL proteome after Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in wild type and SP-A-/- mice. Proteome Sci 2010; 8:34. [PMID: 20565803 PMCID: PMC2911411 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-8-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Surfactant protein-A (SP-A) has been shown to play a variety of roles related to lung host defense function. Mice lacking SP-A are more susceptible to infection than wild type C57BL/6 mice. We studied bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protein expression in wild type and SP-A-/- mice infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae by 2D-DIGE. Methods Mice were infected intratracheally with K. pneumoniae and after 4 and 24 hours they were subject to BAL. Cell-free BAL was analyzed by 2D-DIGE on two-dimensional gels with pH ranges of 4-7 and 7-11. Under baseline conditions and at 4 and 24 hr post-infection BAL was compared between untreated and infected wild type and SP-A-/- mice. Sixty proteins identified by mass spectrometry were categorized as host defense, redox regulation, and protein metabolism/modification. Results We found: 1) ~75% of 32 host defense proteins were lower in uninfected SP-A-/- vs wild type, suggesting increased susceptibility to infection or oxidative injury; 2) At 4 hr post-infection > 2/3 of identified proteins were higher in SP-A-/- than wild type mice, almost the exact opposite of untreated mice; 3) At 24 hr post-infection some proteins continued increasing, but many returned to baseline; 4) In infected wild type mice significant changes occurred in 13 of 60 proteins, with 12 of 13 increasing, vs on 4 significant changes in SP-A-/- mice. Infection response patterns between strains demonstrated both commonalities and differences. In several cases changes between 4 and 24 hr followed different patterns between strains. Conclusions These indicate that SP-A plays a key role in regulating the BAL proteome, functioning indirectly to regulate lung host defense function, possibly via the macrophage. In the absence of SP-A baseline levels of many host defense molecules are lower. However, many of these indirect deficits in SP-A-/- mice are rapidly compensated for during infection, indicating that SP-A also has a direct role on host defense against K. pneumoniae that may be instrumental in determining clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob Ali
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Rizwanul Haque
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Anatoly N Mikerov
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Willard M Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Joanna Floros
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - David S Phelps
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Umstead TM, Lu CJK, Freeman WM, Myers JL, Clark JB, Thomas NJ, Chinchilli VM, Vrana KE, Undar A, Phelps DS. Dual-platform proteomics study of plasma biomarkers in pediatric patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Pediatr Res 2010; 67:641-9. [PMID: 20308938 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181dceef5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Plasma samples from pediatric cardiac patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures were used to identify and characterize patterns of changes in potential biomarkers related to tissue damage and inflammation. These included proteins associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Potential biomarkers were identified using a dual-platform proteomics approach requiring approximately 150 microL of plasma, which included two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and a multiplexed immunoassay. Methods used in the dual approach measured levels of 129 proteins in plasma from pediatric CPB patients. Of these, 70 proteins changed significantly (p<0.05) between time points, and 36 of these retained significance after the highly stringent Bonferroni correction [p<0.001 for 2D-DIGE and p<0.00056 for multianalyte profile (MAP) assays]. Many of the changing proteins were associated with tissue damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This study uses a novel approach that combines two discovery proteomics techniques to identify a pattern of potential biomarkers changing after CPB. This approach required only 150 microL of plasma per time point and provided quantitative information on 129 proteins. The changes in levels of expression of these proteins may provide insight into the understanding, treatment, and prevention of systemic inflammation, thereby helping to improve the outcomes of pediatric CPB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Undar A, Pauliks L, Clark JB, Zahn J, Rosenberg G, Kunselman AR, Sun Q, Pekkan K, Saliba K, Carney E, Thomas N, Freeman W, Vrana K, El-Banayosy A, Ural SH, Wilson R, Umstead TM, Floros J, Phelps DS, Weiss W, Snyder A, Yang S, Kimatian S, Cyran SE, Chinchilli VM, Guan Y, Rider A, Haines N, Rogerson A, Alkan-Bozkaya T, Akcevin A, Sun K, Wang S, Cun L, Myers JL. Penn State Hershey--center for pediatric cardiovascular research. Artif Organs 2009; 33:883-7. [PMID: 20021467 PMCID: PMC2797544 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2009.00889.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bortner JD, Das A, Umstead TM, Freeman WM, Somiari R, Aliaga C, Phelps DS, El-Bayoumy K. Down-regulation of 14-3-3 isoforms and annexin A5 proteins in lung adenocarcinoma induced by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine NNK in the A/J mouse revealed by proteomic analysis. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:4050-61. [PMID: 19563208 DOI: 10.1021/pr900406g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a potent lung carcinogen in the A/J mouse model. Here we identified and validated, using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with mass spectrometry and immunoblotting, proteins that are differentially expressed in the lungs of mice treated with NNK versus vehicle control treatment. We also determined whether protein levels in the lungs of NNK-treated mice could be further modulated by the chemopreventive agent 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate (p-XSC). The proteins identified in this study are SEC14-like 3, dihydropyrimidinase-like 2, proteasome subunit alpha type 5, annexin A5, 14-3-3 protein isoforms (theta, epsilon, sigma, and zeta), Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha, myosin light polypeptide 6, tubulin-alpha-1, vimentin, Atp5b protein, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and Clara cell 10 kDa protein (CC10). Among those proteins, we demonstrated for the first time that 14-3-3 isoforms (theta, epsilon, and sigma) and annexin A5 were significantly down-regulated in mouse lung adenocarcinoma induced by NNK and were recovered by p-XSC. These proteins are involved in a variety of biological functions that are critical in lung carcinogenesis. Identification of these proteins in surrogate tissue in future studies would be highly useful in early detection of lung adenocarcinoma and clinical chemoprevention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Bortner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Stagos D, Umstead TM, Phelps DS, Skaltsounis L, Haroutounian S, Floros J, Kouretas D. Inhibition of ozone-induced SP-A oxidation by plant polyphenols. Free Radic Res 2009; 41:357-66. [PMID: 17364965 DOI: 10.1080/10715760601064714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Surfactant protein-A (SP-A) is the best studied and most abundant of the protein components of lung surfactant and plays an important role in host defense of the lung. It has been shown that ozone-induced oxidation of SP-A protein changes its functional and biochemical properties. In the present study, eight plant polyphenols (three flavonoids, three hydroxycinnamic acids, and two hydroxybenzoic acids) known as strong antioxidants, were tested for their ability to inhibit ozone-induced SP-A oxidation as a mechanism for chemoprevention against lung damage. SP-A isolated from alveolar proteinosis patients was exposed to ozone (1 ppm) for 4 h. The flavonoids protected SP-A from oxidation in a dose dependent manner. ( - )-Epicatechin was the most potent flavonoid and exhibited inhibition of ozone-induced formation of carbonyls by 35% at a concentration as low as 5 microM. Hydroxybenzoic acids inhibited SP-A oxidation in a dose-dependent manner although they were less potent than flavonoids. On the other hand, hydroxycinnamic acids exhibited a different inhibitory pattern. Inhibition was observed only at medium concentrations. The results indicate that inhibition of SP-A oxidation by plant polyphenols may be a mechanism accounting for the protective activity of natural antioxidants against the effects of ozone exposure on lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Haque R, Umstead TM, Freeman WM, Floros J, Phelps DS. The impact of surfactant protein-A on ozone-induced changes in the mouse bronchoalveolar lavage proteome. Proteome Sci 2009; 7:12. [PMID: 19323824 PMCID: PMC2666657 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-7-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ozone is a major component of air pollution. Exposure to this powerful oxidizing agent can cause or exacerbate many lung conditions, especially those involving innate immunity. Surfactant protein-A (SP-A) plays many roles in innate immunity by participating directly in host defense as it exerts opsonin function, or indirectly via its ability to regulate alveolar macrophages and other innate immune cells. The mechanism(s) responsible for ozone-induced pathophysiology, while likely related to oxidative stress, are not well understood. Methods We employed 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), a discovery proteomics approach, coupled with MALDI-ToF/ToF to compare the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) proteomes in wild type (WT) and SP-A knockout (KO) mice and to assess the impact of ozone or filtered air on the expression of BAL proteins. Using the PANTHER database and the published literature most identified proteins were placed into three functional groups. Results We identified 66 proteins and focused our analysis on these proteins. Many of them fell into three categories: defense and immunity; redox regulation; and protein metabolism, modification and chaperones. In response to the oxidative stress of acute ozone exposure (2 ppm; 3 hours) there were many significant changes in levels of expression of proteins in these groups. Most of the proteins in the redox group were decreased, the proteins involved in protein metabolism increased, and roughly equal numbers of increases and decreases were seen in the defense and immunity group. Responses between WT and KO mice were similar in many respects. However, the percent change was consistently greater in the KO mice and there were more changes that achieved statistical significance in the KO mice, with levels of expression in filtered air-exposed KO mice being closer to ozone-exposed WT mice than to filtered air-exposed WT mice. Conclusion We postulate that SP-A plays a role in reactive oxidant scavenging in WT mice and that its absence in the KO mice in the presence or absence of ozone exposure results in more pronounced, and presumably chronic, oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwanul Haque
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research and the Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research and the Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Willard M Freeman
- The Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joanna Floros
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research and the Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David S Phelps
- Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research and the Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Miller A, Lu CK, Wang S, Umstead TM, Freeman WM, Vrana K, Yang S, Myers JL, Phelps DS, Zahn JD, Ündar A. Pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass circuits: a review of studies conducted at the Penn State Pediatric Cardiac Research Laboratories. J Extra Corpor Technol 2009; 41:P50-P58. [PMID: 19361042 PMCID: PMC4680234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits are frequently necessary in the repair of congenital heart defects in infants and children. Although advances in technology and operative technique have decreased the mortality associated with cardiac procedures requiring CPB, post-operative neuro-cognitive outcome and the role of the CPB circuit in post-operative morbidity remains a significant concern. There are several factors that have been suggested to play a significant role in general post-operative outcome, including intraoperative inflammatory responses caused by the interaction of blood with circuit component surfaces, selection of appropriate perfusion mode to optimize organ function during CPB, and the introduction of gaseous microemboli into the patient's systemic circulation through circuit manipulations and modifications. These factors are the subject of continuing research at the Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital Pediatric Cardiac Research Laboratories, and this review will focus on the results of studies aimed at identifying circuit elements that affect the delivery of gaseous microemboli to the patient during CPB procedures, the role of anti-factor D monoclonal antibody in reducing systemic inflammation during CPB, and the results of preliminary plasma proteomics studies conducted on infants undergoing CPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Miller
- Pediatric Cardiac Research Laboratories, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
| | - Chiajung Karen Lu
- Pediatric Cardiac Research Laboratories, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
| | - Shigang Wang
- Pediatric Cardiac Research Laboratories, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
| | - Todd M. Umstead
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
| | - Willard M. Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
| | - Kent Vrana
- Department of Pharmacology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
| | - Sung Yang
- Department of Mechatronics, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
| | - John L. Myers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - David S. Phelps
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
| | - Jeffrey D. Zahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Akif Ündar
- Pediatric Cardiac Research Laboratories, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
- Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju Korea
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Children’s Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Children’s Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Haque R, Umstead TM, Ahn K, Phelps DS, Floros J. Effect of low doses of lipopolysaccharide prior to ozone exposure on bronchoalveolar lavage: Differences between wild type and surfactant protein A-deficient mice. Pneumon 2009; 22:143-155. [PMID: 21278811 PMCID: PMC3027069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Several aspects of the inflammatory response to a single insult, i.e., exposure to 2 ppm of ozone (O(3)) for 3 h or 6 h, are less pronounced in surfactant protein A deficient (SP-A -/-) mice (KO) than in wild type mice (WT). It was hypothesized that a mild insult, specifically low doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), would adversely affect host defense and differentially potentiate O(3)-induced injury in WT and KO mice. METHODS: WT and KO mice were treated with different doses of LPS or LPS (2 ng) + O(3) (2 ppm) or filtered air (FA) for 3 h, then sacrificed 4 h following exposure (O(3), FA) or 20 h after LPS treatment alone. Several endpoints of inflammation were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). RESULTS: 1) At 20 h after LPS treatment alone, both WT and KO mice exhibited signs of inflammation, but with differences in the macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) response pattern, total cells (at 0.5 ng LPS) and basal levels of oxidized protein and phospholipids; 2) After LPS + O(3), KO compared to WT showed decrease in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and MIP-2 and increase in phospholipids, and after LPS + FA an increase in total cells; 3) WT after LPS + FA showed an increase in SP-A with no further increase after LPS + O(3), and an increase in oxidized SP-A dimer following O(3) or LPS + O(3). CONCLUSIONS: LPS treatment has negative effects on inflammation endpoints in mouse BAL long after exposure and renders KO mice less capable of responding to a second insult. LPS and O(3) affect SP-A, quantitatively and qualitatively, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwanul Haque
- The Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Departments of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Todd M. Umstead
- The Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Departments of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Kwangmi Ahn
- Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - David S. Phelps
- The Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Departments of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Joanna Floros
- The Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Departments of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
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Umstead TM, Freeman WM, Chinchilli VM, Phelps DS. Age-related changes in the expression and oxidation of bronchoalveolar lavage proteins in the rat. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2009; 296:L14-29. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.90366.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and severity of many lung diseases change with age. Some diseases, such as pneumonia, occur with increased frequency in children and the elderly. Proteins obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) serve as the first line of defense against inhaled toxins and pathogens. Age-related changes in BAL protein expression and oxidative modification were examined in juvenile (1 mo), young adult (2 mo), and aged (18 mo) F344 rats using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight/time of flight (MALDI-ToF/ToF) tandem mass spectrometry, and carbonyl immunoblotting. Using 2D-DIGE, we detected 563 protein spots, and MALDI-ToF/ToF identified 204 spots comprising 31 proteins; 21 changed significantly (17 increases) between juvenile and young adult or aged rats, but for 12 of these proteins, levels had a biphasic pattern, and levels in aged rats were less than in young adults. Relative carbonylation was determined by comparison of immunostaining with total protein staining on each oxidized protein blot. We found that aged rats had significantly increased oxidation in 13 proteins compared with juvenile rats. Many of the proteins altered in expression or oxidation level had functions in host defense, redox regulation, and protein metabolism. We speculate that low levels of expression of host defense proteins in juvenile rats and decreases in levels of these proteins between young adult and aged rats may predispose these groups to pneumonia. In addition, we have shown age-related increases in protein oxidation that may compromise host defense function in aged rats.
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Mikerov AN, Gan X, Umstead TM, Miller L, Chinchilli VM, Phelps DS, Floros J. Sex differences in the impact of ozone on survival and alveolar macrophage function of mice after Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Respir Res 2008; 9:24. [PMID: 18307797 PMCID: PMC2268931 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-9-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 02/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sex differences have been described in a number of pulmonary diseases. However, the impact of ozone exposure followed by pneumonia infection on sex-related survival and macrophage function have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ozone exposure differentially affects: 1) survival of male and female mice infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 2) the phagocytic ability of macrophages from these mice. Methods Male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to O3 or to filtered air (FA) (control) and then infected intratracheally with K. pneumoniae bacteria. Survival was monitored over a 14-day period, and the ability of alveolar macrophages to phagocytize the pathogen in vivo was investigated after 1 h. Results 1) Both male and female mice exposed to O3 are significantly more susceptible to K. pneumoniae infection than mice treated with FA; 2) although females appeared to be more resistant to K. pneumoniae than males, O3 exposure significantly increased the susceptibility of females to K. pneumoniae infection to a greater degree than males; 3) alveolar macrophages from O3-exposed male and female mice have impaired phagocytic ability compared to macrophages from FA-exposed mice; and 4) the O3-dependent reduction in phagocytic ability is greater in female mice. Conclusion O3 exposure reduces the ability of mice to survive K. pneumoniae infection and the reduced phagocytic ability of alveolar macrophages may be one of the contributing factors. Both events are significantly more pronounced in female mice following exposure to the environmental pollutant, ozone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly N Mikerov
- The Penn State Center for Host defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Mikerov AN, Umstead TM, Gan X, Huang W, Guo X, Wang G, Phelps DS, Floros J. Impact of ozone exposure on the phagocytic activity of human surfactant protein A (SP-A) and SP-A variants. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 294:L121-30. [PMID: 17981957 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00288.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) enhances phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. SP-A1 and SP-A2 encode human (h) SP-A; SP-A2 products enhance phagocytosis more than SP-A1. Oxidation can affect SP-A function. We hypothesized that in vivo and in vitro ozone-induced oxidation of SP-A (as assessed by its carbonylation level) negatively affects its function in phagocytosis (as assessed by bacteria cell association). To test this, we used P. aeruginosa, rat alveolar macrophages (AMs), hSP-As with varying levels of in vivo (natural) oxidation, and ozone-exposed SP-A2 (1A, 1A0) and SP-A1 (6A2, 6A4) variants. SP-A oxidation levels (carbonylation) were measured; AMs were incubated with bacteria in the presence of SP-A, and the phagocytic index was calculated. We found: 1) the phagocytic activity of hSP-A is reduced with increasing levels of in vivo SP-A carbonylation; 2) in vitro ozone exposure of hSP-A decreases its function in a dose-dependent manner as well as its ability to enhance phagocytosis of either gram-negative or gram-positive bacteria; 3) the activity of both SP-A1 and SP-A2 decreases in response to in vitro ozone exposure of proteins with SP-A2 being affected more than SP-A1. We conclude that both in vivo and in vitro oxidative modifications of SP-A by carbonylation reduce its ability to enhance phagocytosis of bacteria and that the activity of SP-A2 is affected more by in vitro ozone-induced oxidation. We speculate that functional differences between SP-A1 and SP-A2 exist in vivo and that the redox status of the lung microenvironment differentially affects function of SP-A1 and SP-A2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly N Mikerov
- Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State Univ. College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Haque R, Umstead TM, Freeman WM, Phelps DS, Floros J. Quantitative Proteomic Profiles of BALF in Wild Type and SP‐A KO Mice after Exposure to Ozone. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a9-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Willard M Freeman
- Department of PharmacologyPennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University DriveHersheyPA17033
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Mikerov AN, Wang G, Umstead TM, Zacharatos M, Thomas NJ, Phelps DS, Floros J. Surfactant protein A2 (SP-A2) variants expressed in CHO cells stimulate phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa more than do SP-A1 variants. Infect Immun 2007; 75:1403-12. [PMID: 17220308 PMCID: PMC1828577 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01341-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) enhances phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Two functional genes, SP-A1 and SP-A2, encode human SP-A. As we showed before, baculovirus-mediated insect cell-expressed SP-A2 enhances the association of P. aeruginosa with rat alveolar macrophages (rAMs) more than does SP-A1. However, true phagocytosis (internalization) was not shown, and insect cell derived proteins lack or are defective in certain mammalian posttranslational modifications that may be important for SP-A1 and SP-A2 activity and specificity. Here we used SP-A1 (6A(2), 6A(4)) and SP-A2 (1A(0), 1A(1)) allele variants expressed by CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) mammalian cells to study their effect on association and/or internalization of P. aeruginosa by rAMs and/or human AMs (hAMs) and to study if phagocytosis can be modulated differentially and/or more effectively by CHO cell-expressed SP-A variants than by insect-cell expressed SP-A variants. For cell association and internalization assessments, light microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analyses were used, respectively. We found the following for the first time. (i) SP-A2 variants enhanced phagocytosis (cell association and/or internalization) of P. aeruginosa more than SP-A1 variants did, and the cell association correlated with internalization. (ii) Differences in the activities of SP-A variants were observed in the following order: 1A(1)>1A(0)>6A(2)>6A(4). (iii) rAMs, although more active than hAMs, are an appropriate model, as SP-A2 variants exhibited activity higher than that seen for SP-A1 variants with either rAMs or hAMs. (iv) CHO cell-expressed SP-A was considerably more active than insect cell-expressed variants. We conclude that SP-A2 variants stimulate phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa more effectively than SP-A1 variants and that posttranslational modifications positively influence the phagocytic activity of SP-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly N Mikerov
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Umstead TM, Freeman WM, Phelps DS. A Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in Rats with Aging using 2‐DIGE and MALDI‐ToF/ToF. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1401-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Willard M. Freeman
- PharmacologyPenn State University College of MedicineMS Hershey Medical Ctr.500 University DriveHersheyPA17033
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Haque R, Umstead TM, Ponnuru P, Guo X, Hawgood S, Phelps DS, Floros J. Role of surfactant protein-A (SP-A) in lung injury in response to acute ozone exposure of SP-A deficient mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2006; 220:72-82. [PMID: 17307210 PMCID: PMC1906716 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2006] [Revised: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Millions are exposed to ozone levels above recommended limits, impairing lung function, causing epithelial damage and inflammation, and predisposing some individuals to pneumonia, asthma, and other lung conditions. Surfactant protein-A (SP-A) plays a role in host defense, the regulation of inflammation, and repair of tissue damage. We tested the hypothesis that the lungs of SP-A(-/-) (KO) mice are more susceptible to ozone-induced damage. We compared the effects of ozone on KO and wild type (WT) mice on the C57BL/6 genetic background by exposing them to 2 parts/million of ozone for 3 or 6 h and sacrificing them 0, 4, and 24 h later. Lungs were subject to bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or used to measure endpoints of oxidative stress and inflammation. Despite more total protein in BAL of KO mice after a 3 h ozone exposure, WT mice had increased oxidation of protein and had oxidized SP-A dimers. In KO mice there was epithelial damage as assessed by increased LDH activity and there was increased phospholipid content. In WT mice there were more BAL PMNs and elevated macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1. Changes in MIP-2 and MCP-1 were observed in both KO and WT, however mRNA levels differed. In KO mice MIP-2 mRNA levels changed little with ozone, but in WT levels they were significantly increased. In summary, several aspects of the inflammatory response differ between WT and KO mice. These in vivo findings appear to implicate SP-A in regulating inflammation and limiting epithelial damage in response to ozone exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwanul Haque
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Todd M. Umstead
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Padmavathi Ponnuru
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Xiaoxuan Guo
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Samuel Hawgood
- Department of Pediatrics and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - David S. Phelps
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Joanna Floros
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
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Tagaram HRS, Wang G, Umstead TM, Mikerov AN, Thomas NJ, Graff GR, Hess JC, Thomassen MJ, Kavuru MS, Phelps DS, Floros J. Characterization of a human surfactant protein A1 (SP-A1) gene-specific antibody; SP-A1 content variation among individuals of varying age and pulmonary health. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2006; 292:L1052-63. [PMID: 17189324 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00249.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human surfactant protein A (SP-A) locus consists of two functional genes (SP-A1, SP-A2) with gene-specific products exhibiting qualitative and quantitative differences. The aim here was twofold: 1) generate SP-A1 gene-specific antibody, and 2) use this to assess gene-specific SP-A content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). An SP-A1-specific polyclonal antibody (hSP-A1_Ab(68-88)_Col) was raised in chicken, and its specificity was determined by immunoblot and ELISA using mammalian Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell-expressed SP-A1 and SP-A2 variants and by immunofluorescence with stably transfected CHO cell lines expressing SP-A1 or SP-A2 variants. SP-A1 content was evaluated according to age and lung status. A gradual decrease (P < 0.05) in SP-A1/SP-A ratio was observed in healthy subjects (HS) with increased age, although no significant change was observed in total SP-A content among age groups. Total SP-A and SP-A1 content differed significantly between alveolar proteinosis (AP) patients and HS, with no significant difference observed in SP-A1/SP-A ratio between AP and HS. The cystic fibrosis (CF) ratio was significantly higher compared with AP, HS, and noncystic fibrosis (NCF), even though SP-A1 and total SP-A were decreased in CF compared with most of the other groups. The ratio was higher in culture-positive vs. culture-negative samples from CF and NCF (P = 0.031). A trend of an increased ratio was observed in culture-positive CF (0.590 +/- 0.10) compared with culture-positive NCF (0.368 +/- 0.085). In summary, we developed and characterized an SP-A1 gene-specific antibody and used it to identify gene-specific SP-A content in BALFs as a function of age and lung health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hephzibah Rani S Tagaram
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) response over time in an animal model of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). METHODS On day 0, rats were randomized to receive an intraperitoneal injection of zymosan at a dose of 1 mg/g of body weight (n = 36) or vehicle (n = 9). Serum, peritoneal lavage (PL) fluid, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were collected from 3 rats in the control group and 6 to 7 rats in the zymosan group at days 1, 5, and 12. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The authors observed a 47% mortality in the zymosan-treated rats. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels were unchanged in the serum, PL, and BAL of control animals. Both serum and PL MCP-1 were significantly higher in zymosan-treated rats on days 1 (P < .01) and 5 (P < .05) when compared with controls. By day 12, no difference between the 2 groups was observed. No significant difference was noted in BAL MCP-1. CONCLUSIONS Chemokines are increased systemically and locally during MODS. The fact that MCP-1 is significantly higher early in the course of MODS may suggest that this chemokine is important in the early inflammatory changes that lead to MODS later in the course of this illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal J Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Penn State Children's Hospital, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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