1
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Taoda Y, Akiyama T, Tomita K, Fujiwara-Kitamura M, Tamura Y, Kawasuji T, Matsuoka E, Akihisa E, Seki T, Yoshinaga T. Discovery of tricyclic HIV-1 integrase-LEDGF/p75 allosteric inhibitors by intramolecular direct arylation reaction. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 64:128664. [PMID: 35272008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have been conducting exploratory research to develop human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase-LEDGF/p75 allosteric inhibitors (INLAIs). Here, we report on a newly designed compound with a tricyclic scaffold that shows promise as an inhibitor. Various scaffolds were synthesized by intramolecular direct arylation reaction to fix the position of a lipophilic side chain required for antiviral activity. Among these, the compound having an N-mesyl dihydrophenanthridine ring showed the best antiviral activity. Compound 42i, prepared by side chain optimization of the C-4 and C-6 positions, exhibited high antiviral activity against wild-type (WT) and the T174I mutant (EC50 (WT) = 4.6 nM, EC50 (T174I) = 83 nM) with a good PK profile. Based on co-crystal structural analysis of compound 42i and WT HIV-1 IN CCD, we discuss the interaction important for high antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Taoda
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Akiyama
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kenji Tomita
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Misato Fujiwara-Kitamura
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tamura
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawasuji
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Eriko Matsuoka
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Erika Akihisa
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshinaga
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka 561-0825, Japan
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2
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Yokouchi K, Itakura H, Wakiya R, Yoshinaga T, Mochioka N, Kimura S, Kaifu K. Cumulative effects of low‐height barriers on distributions of catadromous Japanese eels in Japan. Anim Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Yokouchi
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency Yokohama Japan
- Center for International Collaborative Research Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan
| | - H. Itakura
- Chesapeake Biological Laboratory University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Solomons MD USA
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Japan
| | - R. Wakiya
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Japan
- Research and Development Initiative Chuo University Hachioji Japan
| | - T. Yoshinaga
- School of Marine Biosciences Kitasato University Sagamihara Japan
| | - N. Mochioka
- Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - S. Kimura
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Japan
| | - K. Kaifu
- Faculty of Law Chuo University Hachioji Japan
- The Zoological Society of London London UK
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3
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Sugiyama S, Akiyama T, Taoda Y, Iwaki T, Matsuoka E, Akihisa E, Seki T, Yoshinaga T, Kawasuji T. Discovery of novel HIV-1 integrase-LEDGF/p75 allosteric inhibitors based on a pyridine scaffold forming an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 33:127742. [PMID: 33316407 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We have discovered HIV-1 novel integrase-LEDGF/p75 allosteric inhibitors (INLAIs) based on a pyridine scaffold forming an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Scaffolds containing a pyridine moiety have been studied extensively and we have already reported that substituents extending from the C1 position contributed to the antiviral potency. In this study, we designed a new pyridine scaffold 2 with a substituent at the C1 position. Interestingly, during attempts at optimization, we found that the direction of the C1 substituents with an intramolecular hydrogen bond contributed to the antiviral potency. Compound 34f exhibited better antiviral potency against WT and the T174I mutant (EC50 (WT) = 6.6 nM, EC50 (T174I) = 270 nM) than BI 224436 (EC50 (WT) = 22 nM, EC50 (T174I) > 5000 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Sugiyama
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futabacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Akiyama
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futabacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Taoda
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futabacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Iwaki
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futabacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Eriko Matsuoka
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futabacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Erika Akihisa
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futabacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futabacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshinaga
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futabacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawasuji
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futabacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
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4
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Sugiyama S, Iwaki T, Tamura Y, Tomita K, Matsuoka E, Arita S, Seki T, Yoshinaga T, Kawasuji T. Discovery of novel integrase-LEDGF/p75 allosteric inhibitors based on a benzene scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115643. [PMID: 32773094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the discovery of novel integrase-LEDGF/p75 allosteric inhibitors (INLAIs) based on a benzene scaffold 3. This scaffold can extend substituents from the C1 position unlike the common pyridine scaffolds 2. Structure-activity relationship studies showed that the sulfonamide linker at the C1 position was important for the antiviral activity. Interaction between sulfonamide and Q95 was observed by X-ray crystallography. Compound 31h showed more potent antiviral activity (EC50 (NL432) = 3.9 nM) than BI-224436 (EC50 (NL432) = 56 nM), suggesting the potential of the newly designed scaffold 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Sugiyama
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Iwaki
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tamura
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kenji Tomita
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Eriko Matsuoka
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Shuhei Arita
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshinaga
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawasuji
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited, 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
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5
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Miyagawa M, Akiyama T, Taoda Y, Takaya K, Takahashi-Kageyama C, Tomita K, Yasuo K, Hattori K, Shano S, Yoshida R, Shishido T, Yoshinaga T, Sato A, Kawai M. Synthesis and SAR Study of Carbamoyl Pyridone Bicycle Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Influenza Cap-dependent Endonuclease. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8101-8114. [PMID: 31386363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The medicinal chemistry and structure-activity relationships (SAR) for a novel series of carbamoyl pyridone bicycle (CAB) compounds as influenza Cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN) inhibitors are disclosed. Substituent effects were evaluated at the C (N)-1, N-3, and C-7 positions of the CAB ring system using a docking study. Submicromolar EC50 values were achieved in the cellular assay with C-7-unsubstituted CAB which possessed a benzhydryl group on either the C-1 or the N-1 position. An N-3 substituent was found to be critical for the plasma protein binding effect in vitro, and the CAB-N analogue 2v exhibited reasonable total clearance (CLtot). More importantly, compound 2v displayed significant efficacy in a mouse model infected with influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Miyagawa
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Akiyama
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Taoda
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Kenji Takaya
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Chika Takahashi-Kageyama
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Kenji Tomita
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Kazuya Yasuo
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Kazunari Hattori
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Shinya Shano
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Ryu Yoshida
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Takao Shishido
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshinaga
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Akihiko Sato
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
| | - Makoto Kawai
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Company, Limited , 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome , Toyonaka 561-0825 , Japan
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6
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Noshi T, Kitano M, Taniguchi K, Yamamoto A, Omoto S, Baba K, Hashimoto T, Ishida K, Kushima Y, Hattori K, Kawai M, Yoshida R, Kobayashi M, Yoshinaga T, Sato A, Okamatsu M, Sakoda Y, Kida H, Shishido T, Naito A. In vitro characterization of baloxavir acid, a first-in-class cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor of the influenza virus polymerase PA subunit. Antiviral Res 2018; 160:109-117. [PMID: 30316915 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN) resides in the PA subunit of the influenza virus and mediates the critical "cap-snatching" step of viral RNA transcription, which is considered to be a promising anti-influenza target. Here, we describe in vitro characterization of a novel CEN inhibitor, baloxavir acid (BXA), the active form of baloxavir marboxil (BXM). BXA inhibits viral RNA transcription via selective inhibition of CEN activity in enzymatic assays, and inhibits viral replication in infected cells without cytotoxicity in cytopathic effect assays. The antiviral activity of BXA is also confirmed in yield reduction assays with seasonal type A and B viruses, including neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant strains. Furthermore, BXA shows broad potency against various subtypes of influenza A viruses (H1N2, H5N1, H5N2, H5N6, H7N9 and H9N2). Additionally, serial passages of the viruses in the presence of BXA result in isolation of PA/I38T variants with reduced BXA susceptibility. Phenotypic and genotypic analyses with reverse genetics demonstrate the mechanism of BXA action via CEN inhibition in infected cells. These results reveal the in vitro characteristics of BXA and support clinical use of BXM to treat influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Keiichi Taniguchi
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan; Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Akihiko Sato
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan; Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Okamatsu
- Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sakoda
- Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kida
- Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Japan
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7
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Hatanaka T, Naganuma A, Uehara R, Saito N, Nakano S, Kato M, Yoshida S, Hachisu Y, Tanaka Y, Yoshinaga T, Sato K, Kakizaki S. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio predict overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with non-B, non-C cirrhosis. Clin Nutr 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.1733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Yoshinaga T, Seki T, Miki S, Miyamoto T, Suyama-Kagitani A, Kawauchi-Miki S, Kobayashi M, Sato A, Stewart E, Underwood M, Fujiwara T. Novel secondary mutations C56S and G149A confer resistance to HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitors. Antiviral Res 2018; 152:1-9. [PMID: 29410019 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cabotegravir (CAB, S/GSK1265744) is an investigational second-generation integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) with a chemical structure similar to dolutegravir. CAB is under development as a long-acting injectable formulation for treatment of HIV-1 infection and for pre-exposure prophylaxis. We conducted an in vitro passage study of raltegravir- or elvitegravir-resistant signature mutants in the presence of CAB to characterize the resistance profile of this drug. During passage with Q148H virus, G140S arose by day 14, followed by G149A and C56S. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we obtained HIV molecular clones containing mutations encoding C56S and G149A in the integrase-coding region. Those substitutions were characterized in vitro as INSTI-resistance-associated secondary resistance mutations. Signature mutant viruses G140S/Q148H in which C56S and G149A were added acquired further INSTI resistance in conjunction with diminished integration activity, which yielded slower growth under drug-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Yoshinaga
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miki
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Miyamoto
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Masanori Kobayashi
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sato
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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9
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Chow S, Kurogi H, Yamamoto T, Tomoda T, Mochioka N, Shirotori F, Yoshinaga T, Ambe D, Okazaki M, Nagai S, Yanagimoto T. Reproductive isolation between sympatric Anguilla japonica and Anguilla marmorata. J Fish Biol 2017; 91:1517-1525. [PMID: 28990671 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Species-specific restriction fragment length polymorphism in the intron of the androgen receptor gene (ar5) was found in glass to silver-stage individuals of Anguilla japonica (n = 51) and A. marmorata (n = 21). The sequence analysis of 16S rDNA from 328 anguillid leptocephali collected in the North Equatorial Current of the western North Pacific Ocean revealed the specimens to be A. japonica (n = 194), A. marmorata (n = 128), A. bicolor pacifica (n = 5) and A. luzonensis (n = 1). All leptocephali of A. japonica and A. marmorata were monomorphic and did not share an allele at the ar5 locus, indicating that the two species are reproductively isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chow
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan
| | - H Kurogi
- Yokosuka Laboratory, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 6-3-1, Nagai, Kanagawa, 238-0316, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Yokosuka Laboratory, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 6-3-1, Nagai, Kanagawa, 238-0316, Japan
| | - T Tomoda
- National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 205 Natsui, Shibushi, Kagoshima, 899-7101, Japan
| | - N Mochioka
- Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - F Shirotori
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - T Yoshinaga
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - D Ambe
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan
| | - M Okazaki
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan
| | - S Nagai
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan
| | - T Yanagimoto
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan
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10
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Yoshinaga T, Hineno A, Nakamura K, Yamaguchi T, Yoshida K, Kosho T, Sekijima Y. The broad symptoms with genetically identified episodic ataxia type 2 in a family. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Ueno A, Yoshinaga T, Katoh N, Akagawa Y, Tazawa K, Miyazaki D, Ichinose S, Kanaya K, Horiuchi T, Sekijima Y. Clinical features and treatment outcome of patients with dural arteriovenous fistula who were referred to neurology department. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Yazaki M, Yoshinaga T, Sekijima Y, Kametani F. Pathomechanism of progression of ocular and CNS amyloidosis in liver-transplanted familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) patients. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Kodama S, Miyazaki D, Yoshinaga T, Yazaki M, Sekijima Y. Clinical characteristics of ATTR-type leptomeningeal amyloidosis/cerebral amyloid angiopathy. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Tokuzawa T, Kawahata K, Nagayama Y, Inagaki S, De Vries PC, Mase A, Kogi Y, Yokota Y, Hojo H, Tanaka K, Ejiri A, Pavlichenko RO, Yamaguchi S, Yoshinaga T, Kuwahara D, Shi Z, Tsuchiya H, Ito Y, Hirokura S, Sudo S, Komori A. Developments of Electron Cyclotron Emission Spectroscopy and Microwave Reflectometry on LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a10822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Inagaki
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - P. C. De Vries
- Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3EA, United Kingdom
| | - A. Mase
- Art Science and Technology Center for Cooperative Research, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8560, Japan
| | - Y. Kogi
- Art Science and Technology Center for Cooperative Research, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8560, Japan
| | - Y. Yokota
- Art Science and Technology Center for Cooperative Research, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8560, Japan
| | - H. Hojo
- Plasma Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Ejiri
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - R. O. Pavlichenko
- Institute of Plasma Physics, National Science Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology 1, Akademicheskaya St., Kharkov, 61108, Ukraine
| | - S. Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - T. Yoshinaga
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - D. Kuwahara
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Z. Shi
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Tsuchiya
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Ito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Hirokura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sudo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
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15
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Aoyama J, Yoshinaga T, Tanaka C, Ishii K. Geographic distribution and environmental control of vertebral count in Ammodytes spp. along the northern Pacific coast of Japan. J Fish Biol 2017; 90:773-785. [PMID: 27778341 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To examine species composition and population structures in sand lance (Ammodytidae) along the northern Pacific coast of Japan, genetic analysis were carried out for specimens collected in 2014 from Otsuchi Bay, Iwate, Ishinomaki Bay, Miyagi, off Soma, Fukushima and Ise-Mikawa Bays, Aichi. The samples consisted of Ammodytes japonicus and Ammodytes heian, of which the latter is a recently described species. Neither species exhibited significant genetic differences among localities. Only A. japonicus was found in the most southern locality at Aichi, but it decreased northward to <90% in Miyagi and Fukushima and the two species occurred almost evenly in Iwate suggesting a latitudinal cline in their species composition along the northern Pacific coast of Japan, off Tohoku. The vertebral counts differed between A. japonicus and A. heian with modes of 65 and 63, respectively, but this characteristic did not differ significantly within a locality (Iwate). This suggests that the vertebral counts of Ammodytes spp. in Japanese waters are probably strongly determined by the environment than by a species-specific genetic trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Aoyama
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Akahama, Otsuchi, Iwate, 028-1102, Japan
| | - T Yoshinaga
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - C Tanaka
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - K Ishii
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
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16
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Tanaka Y, Takeuchi T, Yamanaka H, Sugiyama N, Yoshinaga T, Togo K, Geier J, Boy M, Connell C. THU0210 Malignancy Data in Tofacitinib-Treated Japanese Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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17
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Onishi M, Kitano M, Taniguchi K, Homma T, Kobayashi M, Yoshinaga T, Naito A, Sato A. Intravenous peramivir inhibits viral replication, and leads to bacterial clearance and prevention of mortality during murine bacterial co-infection caused by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antiviral Res 2015; 117:52-9. [PMID: 25752738 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Influenza virus infection increases susceptibility to bacterial infection and mortality in humans. Although the efficacy of approved intravenous peramivir, a neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor, against influenza virus infection has been reported, its efficacy against bacterial co-infection, which occurs during the period of viral shedding, was not fully investigated. To further understand the significance of treatment with peramivir, we assessed the efficacy of peramivir against a bacterial co-infection model in mice caused by clinically isolated influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. METHODS Mice were infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. Peramivir was intravenously administered after the viral infection. At 2days post viral infection, the mice were infected with S. pneumoniae. Peramivir efficacy was measured by the survival rates and viral titers, bacterial titers, or proinflammatory cytokine concentrations in lung homogenates. RESULTS Peramivir treatment reduced the mortality of mice infected with influenza virus and S. pneumoniae. The survival rate in the peramivir-treated group was significantly higher than that in the oseltamivir-treated group. Viral titers and proinflammatory cytokine responses in the peramivir-treated group were significantly lower than those in the oseltamivir-treated group until at 2days post viral infection. Bacterial titer was significantly lower in the peramivir-treated group than in the oseltamivir-treated group at 4days post viral infection. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that peramivir inhibits viral replication, consequently leading to bacterial clearance and prevention of mortality during severe murine bacterial co-infection, which occurs during the period of viral shedding, with the efficacy of peramivir being superior to that of oseltamivir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyasu Onishi
- Infectious Diseases, Discovery Research Laboratory for Core Therapeutic Area, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
| | - Mitsutaka Kitano
- Infectious Diseases, Discovery Research Laboratory for Core Therapeutic Area, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Taniguchi
- Infectious Diseases, Discovery Research Laboratory for Core Therapeutic Area, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Homma
- Infectious Diseases, Discovery Research Laboratory for Core Therapeutic Area, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Kobayashi
- Infectious Diseases, Discovery Research Laboratory for Core Therapeutic Area, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshinaga
- Infectious Diseases, Discovery Research Laboratory for Core Therapeutic Area, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Naito
- Infectious Diseases, Discovery Research Laboratory for Core Therapeutic Area, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sato
- Infectious Diseases, Discovery Research Laboratory for Core Therapeutic Area, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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18
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Yoshinaga T, Iwai T. Transition of breakup modes for a liquid jet in a static electric field. Proc Estonian Acad Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.3176/proc.2015.3s.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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19
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Kuwahara D, Ito N, Nagayama Y, Yoshinaga T, Yamaguchi S, Yoshikawa M, Kohagura J, Sugito S, Kogi Y, Mase A. Development of horn antenna mixer array with internal local oscillator module for microwave imaging diagnostics. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11D805. [PMID: 25430218 DOI: 10.1063/1.4885471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new antenna array is proposed in order to improve the sensitivity and complexity of microwave imaging diagnostics systems such as a microwave imaging reflectometry, a microwave imaging interferometer, and an electron cyclotron emission imaging. The antenna array consists of five elements: a horn antenna, a waveguide-to-microstrip line transition, a mixer, a local oscillation (LO) module, and an intermediate frequency amplifier. By using an LO module, the LO optics can be removed, and the supplied LO power to each element can be equalized. We report details of the antenna array and characteristics of a prototype antenna array.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kuwahara
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - N Ito
- Department of Intelligent System Engineering, Ube National College of Technology, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8555, Japan
| | - Y Nagayama
- Department of Helical Plasma Research, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T Yoshinaga
- Department of Applied Physics, National Defense Academy, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0811, Japan
| | - S Yamaguchi
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - M Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - J Kohagura
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - S Sugito
- Equipment Development Center, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Y Kogi
- Department of Information Electronics, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
| | - A Mase
- Art, Science and Technology Center for Cooperative Research, Kyusyu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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20
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Abstract
The sibilant /s/ is produced by raising the tongue against the roof of the mouth to form a narrow constriction, which is adjusted so that the airstream emerging from it impinges on the incisors. However, the location where the sibilant sound occurs is unclear, as are the details of the mechanisms of its generation. In this study, we used a realistically shaped replica produced with a three-dimensional printer and demonstrated that turbulent flow was generated in the oral tract near the incisors and lips and that sufficiently developed turbulent flow generated a sound source up to 20,000 Hz at 333, 500, and 667 cm3/sec, which agrees with the range of physiological flow rates typical for /s/. The characteristics of the sound spectra agreed with those of the sibilant /s/ sound emitted by our control individual. Such a physical perspective could yield knowledge useful for oral surgery and speech science – for example, to predict how the generation of sibilants may be occasionally affected by orthodontic and prosthodontic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Nozaki
- Osaka University, Dental Hospital, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-087, Japan
| | - T. Yoshinaga
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering Science, 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - S. Wada
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering Science, 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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21
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DeAnda F, Hightower KE, Nolte RT, Hattori K, Yoshinaga T, Kawasuji T, Underwood MR. Dolutegravir interactions with HIV-1 integrase-DNA: structural rationale for drug resistance and dissociation kinetics. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77448. [PMID: 24146996 PMCID: PMC3797783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Signature HIV-1 integrase mutations associated with clinical raltegravir resistance involve 1 of 3 primary genetic pathways, Y143C/R, Q148H/K/R and N155H, the latter 2 of which confer cross-resistance to elvitegravir. In accord with clinical findings, in vitro drug resistance profiling studies with wild-type and site-directed integrase mutant viruses have shown significant fold increases in raltegravir and elvitegravir resistance for the specified viral mutants relative to wild-type HIV-1. Dolutegravir, in contrast, has demonstrated clinical efficacy in subjects failing raltegravir therapy due to integrase mutations at Y143, Q148 or N155, which is consistent with its distinct in vitro resistance profile as dolutegravir's antiviral activity against these viral mutants is equivalent to its activity against wild-type HIV-1. Kinetic studies of inhibitor dissociation from wild-type and mutant integrase-viral DNA complexes have shown that dolutegravir also has a distinct off-rate profile with dissociative half-lives substantially longer than those of raltegravir and elvitegravir, suggesting that dolutegravir's prolonged binding may be an important contributing factor to its distinct resistance profile. To provide a structural rationale for these observations, we constructed several molecular models of wild-type and clinically relevant mutant HIV-1 integrase enzymes in complex with viral DNA and dolutegravir, raltegravir or elvitegravir. Here, we discuss our structural models and the posited effects that the integrase mutations and the structural and electronic properties of the integrase inhibitors may have on the catalytic pocket and inhibitor binding and, consequently, on antiviral potency in vitro and in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix DeAnda
- Chemical Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kendra E. Hightower
- Biological Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert T. Nolte
- Chemical Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | | | - Takashi Kawasuji
- Chemistry Infectious Diseases, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Mark R. Underwood
- Medicines Development Infectious Diseases, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Warren K, Riley E, Guerri C, Visconti R, Kostic J, Ukai W, Hashimoto E, Shirasaka T, Ishii T, Yoshinaga T, Kigawa Y, Tateno M, Kobayashi S, Saito T, Thomas J, Murawski N, Risbud R, Idrus N. S18 * FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS: STRANGE BEGINNINGS TO CUTTING EDGE RESEARCHESBRA & ISBRA JOINT SYMPOSIUM. Alcohol Alcohol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agt089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Hesselbrock V, Hesselbrock M, Hashimoto E, Ukai W, Ishii T, Kigawa Y, Yoshinaga T, Watanabe K, Shirasaka T, Tateno M, Kobayashi S, Saito T, Stickel F, Fernandez-Sola J. S28 * ALCOHOL ABUSE COMORBIDITY ESBRA, APSAAR & JMSAS JOINT SYMPOSIUM. Alcohol Alcohol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agt106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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24
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Johns BA, Kawasuji T, Weatherhead JG, Taishi T, Temelkoff DP, Yoshida H, Akiyama T, Taoda Y, Murai H, Kiyama R, Fuji M, Tanimoto N, Jeffrey J, Foster SA, Yoshinaga T, Seki T, Kobayashi M, Sato A, Johnson MN, Garvey EP, Fujiwara T. Carbamoyl pyridone HIV-1 integrase inhibitors 3. A diastereomeric approach to chiral nonracemic tricyclic ring systems and the discovery of dolutegravir (S/GSK1349572) and (S/GSK1265744). J Med Chem 2013; 56:5901-16. [PMID: 23845180 DOI: 10.1021/jm400645w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase inhibitors dolutegravir (S/GSK1349572) (3) and S/GSK1265744 (4). These drugs stem from a series of carbamoyl pyridone analogues designed using a two-metal chelation model of the integrase catalytic active site. Structure-activity studies evolved a tricyclic series of carbamoyl pyridines that demonstrated properties indicative of once-daily dosing and superior potency against resistant viral strains. An inherent hemiaminal ring fusion stereocenter within the tricyclic carbamoyl pyridone scaffold led to a critical substrate controlled diastereoselective synthetic strategy whereby chiral information from small readily available amino alcohols was employed to control relative and absolute stereochemistry of the final drug candidates. Modest to extremely high levels of stereochemical control were observed depending on ring size and position of the stereocenter. This approach resulted in the discovery of 3 and 4, which are currently in clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Johns
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development , Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Area Unit, Five Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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25
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Tanaka Y, Fujimoto K, Yoshinaga T. SU-E-T-661: Nonlinear Continuous Method for Non-Negatively Constrained Inverse Problem of IMRT Planning. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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26
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Kawasuji T, Johns BA, Yoshida H, Weatherhead JG, Akiyama T, Taishi T, Taoda Y, Mikamiyama-Iwata M, Murai H, Kiyama R, Fuji M, Tanimoto N, Yoshinaga T, Seki T, Kobayashi M, Sato A, Garvey EP, Fujiwara T. Carbamoyl pyridone HIV-1 integrase inhibitors. 2. Bi- and tricyclic derivatives result in superior antiviral and pharmacokinetic profiles. J Med Chem 2013; 56:1124-35. [PMID: 23316884 DOI: 10.1021/jm301550c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This work is a continuation of our initial discovery of a potent monocyclic carbamoyl pyridone human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase inhibitor that displayed favorable antiviral and pharmacokinetic properties. We report herein a series of bicyclic carbamoyl pyridone analogues to address conformational issues from our initial SAR studies. This modification of the core unit succeeded to deliver low nanomolar potency in standard antiviral assays. An additional hydroxyl substituent on the bicyclic scaffold provides remarkable improvement of antiviral efficacies against clinically relevant resistant viruses. These findings led to additional cyclic tethering of the naked hydroxyl group resulting in tricyclic carbamoyl pyridone inhibitors to address remaining issues and deliver potential clinical candidates. The tricyclic carbamoyl pyridone derivatives described herein served as the immediate leads in molecules to the next generation integrase inhibitor dolutegravir which is currently in late stage clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kawasuji
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi and Co., Ltd. , 3-1-1, Osaka 561-0825, Japan.
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Abstract
To better understand the cellular pathogenetic mechanisms of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and the therapeutic benefit of stem cell treatment, we exposed pregnant rats to ethanol followed by intravenous administration of neural stem cells (NSCs) complexed with atelocollagen to the new born rats and studied recovery of GABAergic interneuron numbers and synaptic protein density in the anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus and amygdala. Prenatal ethanol exposure reduced both parvalbumin-positive phenotype of GABAergic interneurons and postsynaptic density protein 95 levels in these areas. Intravenous NSC treatment reversed these reductions. Furthermore, treatment with NSCs reversed impaired memory/cognitive function and social interaction behavior. These experiments underscore an important role for synaptic remodeling and GABAergic interneuron genesis in the pathophysiology and treatment of FASD and highlight the therapeutic potential for intravenous NSC administration in FASD utilizing atelocollagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shirasaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - E Hashimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - W Ukai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yoshinaga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Tateno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Saito
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
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Kawasuji T, Johns BA, Yoshida H, Taishi T, Taoda Y, Murai H, Kiyama R, Fuji M, Yoshinaga T, Seki T, Kobayashi M, Sato A, Fujiwara T. Carbamoyl pyridone HIV-1 integrase inhibitors. 1. Molecular design and establishment of an advanced two-metal binding pharmacophore. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8735-44. [PMID: 22963135 DOI: 10.1021/jm3010459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Our group has focused on expanding the scope of a two-metal binding pharmacophore concept to explore HIV-1 integrase inhibitors through medicinal chemistry efforts to design novel scaffolds which allow for improvement of pharmacokinetic (PK) and resistance profiles. A novel chelating scaffold was rationally designed to effectively coordinate two magnesium cofactors and to extend an aromatic group into an optimal hydrophobic pharmacophore space. The new chemotype, consisting of a carbamoyl pyridone core unit, shows high inhibitory potency in both enzymatic and antiviral assay formats with low nM IC₅₀ and encouraging potency shift effects in the presence of relevant serum proteins. The new inhibitor design displayed a remarkable PK profile suggestive of once daily dosing without the need for a PK booster as demonstrated by robust drug concentrations at 24 h after oral dosing in rats, dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kawasuji
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan.
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Nagayama Y, Kuwahara D, Yoshinaga T, Hamada Y, Kogi Y, Mase A, Tsuchiya H, Tsuji-Iio S, Yamaguchi S. Development of 3D microwave imaging reflectometry in LHD (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:10E305. [PMID: 23126965 DOI: 10.1063/1.4729259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) microwave imaging reflectometry has been developed in the large helical device to visualize fluctuating reflection surface which is caused by the density fluctuations. The plasma is illuminated by the probe wave with four frequencies, which correspond to four radial positions. The imaging optics makes the image of cut-off surface onto the 2D (7 × 7 channels) horn antenna mixer arrays. Multi-channel receivers have been also developed using micro-strip-line technology to handle many channels at reasonable cost. This system is first applied to observe the edge harmonic oscillation (EHO), which is an MHD mode with many harmonics that appears in the edge plasma. A narrow structure along field lines is observed during EHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Japan
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30
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Yin S, Hashimoto E, Ukai W, Yoshinaga T, Watanabe K, Shirasaka T, Kaneta H, Tateno M, Saito T, Guerri C, Alfonso-Loeches S, Pascual-Mora M, Renau-Piqueras J, Dodd PR, Chang RYK, Etheridge N, Little H, Shaw SG. S20 * ESBRA-APSAAR JOINT SYMPOSIUM: MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL ALTERATIONS IN THE BRAIN OF ALCOHOLICS * S20.1 * PHARMACOKINETICS AND THE BRAIN HEMODYNAMIC AND SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTION EFFECTS OF ACETALDEHYDE IN HETEROZYGOUS ALDH2*1/*2 ALCOHOLICS. Alcohol Alcohol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agr110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wrzosek M, Lukaszkiewicz J, Jakubczyk A, Wrzosek M, Matsumoto H, Wojnar M, Lee J, Lee B, Choi M, Chai Y, Choi I, Janu L, Rackova S, Horacek J, Sanchez-Catalan M, Hipolito L, Marti-Prats L, Orrico A, Zornoza T, Granero L, Polache A, Marti-Prats L, Sanchez-Catalan M, Orrico A, Hipolito L, Zornoza T, Polache A, Granero L, Sanchez-Catalan M, Marti-Prats L, Hipolito L, Orrico A, Zornoza T, Granero L, Polache A, Milivojevic V, Kranzler HR, Covault J, Glahn A, Wenzel C, Wilhelm J, Frieling H, Heberlein A, Bleich S, Hillemacher T, Colombo G, Lobina C, Carai MAM, Gessa G, Cacciaglia R, Loche A, Kuthcer E, Egorov A, Filatova E, Kulagina K, Filatova EV, Kuther E, Kulagina K, Egorov AY, Loi B, Lobina C, Maccioni P, Carai MAM, Gessa G, Colombo G, Ledesma J, Aragon CMG, Quoilin C, Didone V, Quertemont E, Kemppainen H, Raivio N, Kiianmaa K, Pascual-Mora M, Couto BRD, Minarro J, Guerri C, Alfonso-Loeches S, Pascual-Mora M, Urena-Peralta J, Pascual-Lucas M, Morillo MJ, Renau-Piqueras J, Guerri C, Marin M, Esteban-Pretel G, Ponsoda X, Romero A, Ballestin R, Lopez C, Megias L, Timoneda J, Molowni A, Renau-Piqueras J, Escrig MA, Aragon CMG, Raivio N, Tiraboschi E, Saarikoski ST, Castren E, Kiianmaa K, Tarragon E, Balino P, Aragon CM, Camarini R, Soares SL, Carrara-Nascimento PF, Godinho RO, Scavone C, Tarragon E, Aragon CM, Balino P, Aragon CM, Kanuri G, Kreusch F, Quertement E, Closon C, Didone V, Masson S, Seutin V, Quertemont E, Durazzo TC, Fryer SL, Hutchison KE, Mon A, Meyerhoff DJ, Nummi KP, Salaspuro M, Vakevainen S, Ukai W, Shirasaka T, Hashimoto E, Yoshinaga T, Kaneta H, Kigawa M, Igarashi T, Watanabe K, Tateno M, Ishii T, Saito T, Lallemand F, Ward RJ, De Witte P, Verbank P, Fiore M, Ceccanti M, Ceccanti M. POSTER SESSION 1: BASIC RESEARCH AND INTERNAL MEDICINE * BASIC RESEARCH * P01 * ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FOK I VITAMIN D RECEPTOR (VDR) GENE POLYMORPHISM AND IMPULSIVENESS IN ALCOHOL-DEPENDENT PATIENTS. Alcohol Alcohol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agr117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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32
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Hinou H, Miyoshi R, Takasu Y, Kai H, Kurogochi M, Arioka S, Gao XD, Miura N, Fujitani N, Omoto S, Yoshinaga T, Fujiwara T, Noshi T, Togame H, Takemoto H, Nishimura SI. A Strategy for Neuraminidase Inhibitors Using Mechanism-Based Labeling Information. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1048-56. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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33
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Yoshinaga T, Nagayama Y, Kuwahara D, Tsuchiya H, Yamaguchi S, Kogi Y, Tsuji-Iio S, Mase A. Simultaneous projection and detection system of four different frequencies for microwave imaging reflectometry in Large Helical Device. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D915. [PMID: 21033947 DOI: 10.1063/1.3491197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A simultaneous projection/detection system of four different frequencies for microwave imaging reflectometry (MIR) was developed for three-dimensional observation of electron density fluctuations in the Large Helical Device (LHD). The microwave with four frequency components at 60.410, 61.808, 63.008, and 64.610 GHz is projected in a continuous-wave mode to illuminate the target LHD plasma. A two-dimensional horn-antenna mixer array (2D HMA) receives the reflected wave from the plasma as well as the wave from the local oscillator operating at 55.800 GHz. The first intermediate frequency (IF) signals at 4.610, 6.008, 7.208, and 8.810 GHz were confirmed to be obtained by downconversion of these microwaves using the 2D HMA. Each of these first IF components is filtered from each other and downconverted again for the superheterodyne detection. It was confirmed that both the amplitudes and the phases of the detected signals reflect the fluctuations in LHD plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshinaga
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi, Toki 509-5292, Japan.
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34
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Kuwahara D, Tsuji-Iio S, Nagayama Y, Yoshinaga T, Tsuchiya H, Sugito S, Yamaguchi S, Kogi Y, Akaki K, Mase A. Development of electron cyclotron emission imaging system on Large Helical Device. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D919. [PMID: 21033951 DOI: 10.1063/1.3491223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A combined system of microwave imaging reflectometry and electron cyclotron emission (ECE) imaging has been developed for the Large Helical Device. This system includes a wide-band two-dimensional horn-antenna mixer array (HMA). The HMA consists of horn antennas, waveguides, mixers, and intermediate frequency circuits. The frequency response of the HMA is between 50 and 110 GHz. The ECE signal is selected using a 95 GHz local oscillator and a 93 GHz high-pass filter.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kuwahara
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
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35
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Kogi Y, Jeong SH, Lee KD, Akaki K, Mase A, Kuwahara D, Yoshinaga T, Nagayama Y, Kwon M, Kawahata K. Calibration of electron cyclotron emission radiometer for KSTAR. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D916. [PMID: 21033948 DOI: 10.1063/1.3491304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We developed and installed an electron cyclotron emission radiometer for taking measurements of Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) plasma. In order to precisely measure the absolute value of electron temperatures, a calibration measurement of the whole radiometer system was performed, which confirmed that the radiometer has an acceptably linear output signal for changes in input temperature. It was also found that the output power level predicted by a theoretical calculation agrees with that obtained by the calibration measurement. We also showed that the system displays acceptable noise-temperature performance around 0.23 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kogi
- Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan.
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36
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Yamashiro T, Nishikawa T, Isami S, Wei CN, Fukumoto K, Matsuo H, Yoshinaga T, Kukidome D, Motoshima H, Matsumura T, Ueda A, Araki E. The effect of group-based lifestyle interventions on risk factors and insulin resistance in subjects at risk for metabolic syndrome: the Tabaruzaka Study 1. Diabetes Obes Metab 2010; 12:790-7. [PMID: 20649631 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2010.01236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two group-based lifestyle interventions in ameliorating the risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance. METHODS Ninety-eight subjects who had at least one component of MS were randomized into standard intervention (SI) (4-month intervention; n = 50) and extended intervention (EI) (10-month intervention; n = 48) groups, and 39 subjects were followed up for a control group. The effects of intervention were evaluated after 10, 22 and 34 months. RESULTS At month 10, the standard and EI groups showed improved body mass index (BMI) (SI, -0.28; EI, -0.47; control, -0.09), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose and A1c and a decreased mean number of components of MS (SI, -0.37; EI, -0.51; control, 0.08). At month 34, the effects on BMI (SI, -0.66; EI, -0.60; control, -0.05) and HDL-cholesterol were sustained for both the intervention groups. In controls, the increases in fasting plasma glucose and the mean number of components of MS from the baseline to month 34 were greater than those in the standard and EI groups. Whole body insulin sensitivity index and hepatic insulin resistance index were also improved at month 10. CONCLUSIONS Group-based lifestyle intervention could be an efficient way to prevent MS. Its effects were sustainable, at least in part, for 2 years. These effects may be mediated by an improvement in insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamashiro
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University, Japan
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37
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Uchida M, Yoshinaga T, Tanaka H, Maekawa T. Rapid current ramp-up by cyclotron-driving electrons beyond runaway velocity. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:065001. [PMID: 20366824 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.065001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The toroidal current has been rapidly ramped-up after the formation of an initial closed flux surface in an electron cyclotron heated discharge in the low aspect ratio torus experiment device. A current carrying fast electron tail is developed well beyond the runaway velocity against the reverse voltage from self-induction, suggesting a forward driving force on the tail by the cyclotron absorption of high N(parallel) electron Bernstein waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Uchida
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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38
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Boros EE, Edwards CE, Foster SA, Fuji M, Fujiwara T, Garvey EP, Golden PL, Hazen RJ, Jeffrey JL, Johns BA, Kawasuji T, Kiyama R, Koble CS, Kurose N, Miller WH, Mote AL, Murai H, Sato A, Thompson JB, Woodward MC, Yoshinaga T. Synthesis and antiviral activity of 7-benzyl-4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one HIV integrase inhibitors. J Med Chem 2009; 52:2754-61. [PMID: 19374386 DOI: 10.1021/jm801404b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The medicinal chemistry and structure-activity relationships for a novel series of 7-benzyl-4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one HIV-integrase inhibitors are disclosed. Substituent effects were evaluated at the N-1, C-3, and 7-benzyl positions of the naphthyridinone ring system. Low nanomolar IC(50) values were achieved in an HIV-integrase strand transfer assay with both carboxylic ester and carboxamide groups at C-3. More importantly, several carboxamide congeners showed potent antiviral activity in cellular assays. A 7-benzyl substituent was found to be critical for potent enzyme inhibition, and an N-(2-methoxyethyl)carboxamide moiety at C-3 significantly reduced plasma protein binding effects in vitro. Pharmacokinetic data in rats for one carboxamide analogue demonstrated oral bioavailability and reasonable in vivo clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E Boros
- GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development, Five Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
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39
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Kuroki M, Aoyama J, Miller MJ, Yoshinaga T, Shinoda A, Hagihara S, Tsukamoto K. Sympatric spawning of Anguilla marmorata and Anguilla japonica in the western North Pacific Ocean. J Fish Biol 2009; 74:1853-1865. [PMID: 20735676 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02299.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Extensive collections were made of the larvae of the temperate Japanese eel Anguilla japonica and the tropical giant mottled eel Anguilla marmorata in an overlapping area of the North Equatorial Current region of the western North Pacific Ocean. Collections of 189 A. marmorata and > 2500 A. japonica larvae during nine surveys from 1991 to 2007 showed that these two anguillid eels have similar spawning areas just west of the southern West Mariana Ridge. In July to August 2006 and August 2007, morphologically and genetically identified A. marmorata preleptocephali were mainly collected between 14.5-15 degrees N and 142-142.5 degrees E, where A. japonica preleptocephali were also caught in some of the same net tows. Fewer A. marmorata preleptocephali, however, were collected (n = 31) compared to those of A. japonica (n = c. 165), and fewer small larvae of A. marmorata were collected per tow than A. japonica (n = 1-10 and 1-294, respectively), suggesting relatively smaller spawning aggregations of A. marmorata. The distribution of preleptocephali and small larvae was wider in longitude in A. marmorata (131- 143 degrees E) than in A. japonica (137-143 degrees E), while the latitudinal range was almost the same (12-17 degrees N). Although spawning by these two species overlaps both spatially and temporally, the tropical eels of the North Pacific population of A. marmorata probably have a much longer spawning season with fewer spawners, at least in summer, and recruit to a much wider latitudinal range of growth habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kuroki
- Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Nakano, Tokyo 164-8639, Japan.
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40
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Quiazon KMA, Yoshinaga T, Santos MD, Ogawa K. Identification of larval Anisakis spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in northern Japan using morphological and molecular markers. J Parasitol 2009; 95:1227-32. [PMID: 19413366 DOI: 10.1645/ge-1751.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Alaska pollock, Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas), is an important raw source for surimi and other food products in Japan. However, Alaska pollock caught in the Atlantic and Mediterranean regions has been reported to harbor Anisakis species that pose considerable food safety problems. Here, we identified the third-stage (L3) Anisakis spp. sampled from Alaska pollock caught in northern Japan using a combination of morphological and molecular analyses which included PCR-RFLP and sequencing of the ITS (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) region and mtDNA cox2 gene markers. Four Anisakis spp. were confirmed, namely Anisakis simplex (sensu stricto [s.s.]), A. pegreffii, A. brevispiculata, and an Anisakis sp. belonging to the Anisakis Type II group. The identification of 4 different Anisakis spp. occurring in Alaska Pollock, and the identification of A. brevispiculata and an Anisakis sp. (Anisakis Type II) in the northwest Pacific region, are first reports. Anisakis simplex (s.s.) composed the majority of Anisakis spp. in Alaska pollock at 91.0%, followed by A. pegreffii (5.2%), Anisakis sp. (Anisakis Type II) (2.4%), and A. brevispiculata (1.4%).
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Affiliation(s)
- K M A Quiazon
- Freshwater Aquaculture Center and College of Fisheries, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3120, Philippines
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41
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Nakahara K, Wakasa-Morimoto C, Kobayashi M, Miki S, Noshi T, Seki T, Kanamori-Koyama M, Kawauchi S, Suyama A, Fujishita T, Yoshinaga T, Garvey EP, Johns BA, Foster SA, Underwood MR, Sato A, Fujiwara T. Secondary mutations in viruses resistant to HIV-1 integrase inhibitors that restore viral infectivity and replication kinetics. Antiviral Res 2008; 81:141-6. [PMID: 19027039 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2008.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Revised: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Passage of HIV-1 in the presence of integrase inhibitors (INIs) generates resistant viruses that have mutations in the integrase region. Integrase-resistant mutations Q148K and Q148R were identified as primary mutations with the passage of HIV-1 IIIB in the presence of INIs S-1360 or S/GSK-364735, respectively. Secondary amino acid substitutions E138K or G140S were observed when passage with INI was continued. The role of these mutations was investigated with molecular clones. Relative to Q148K alone, Q148K/E138K had 2- and >6-fold increases in resistance to S-1360 and S/GSK-364735, respectively, and the double mutant had slightly better infectivity and replication kinetics. In contrast, Q148K/G140S and Q148R/E138K had nearly equivalent or slightly reduced fold resistance to the INI compared with their respective Q148 primary mutants, and had increases in infectivity and replication kinetics. Recovery of these surrogates of viral fitness coincided with the recovery of integration efficiency of viral DNA into the host cell chromosome for these double mutants. These data show that recovery of viral integration efficiency can be an important factor for the emergence and maintenance of INI-resistant mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Nakahara
- Virology, Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 2-5-1, Mishima, Settsu-shi, Osaka 566-0022, Japan
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Yamaguchi S, Nagayama Y, Kuwahara D, Yoshinaga T, Shi ZB, Kogi Y, Mase A. Development of microwave imaging reflectometry in large helical device. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:10F111. [PMID: 19044595 DOI: 10.1063/1.2993741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Three key devices of the microwave imaging reflectometry (MIR) are under development in large helical device (LHD). The 2-D mixer array is developed by stacking the one-dimensional array of the planar Yagi-Uda antenna. The new type of the bandpass filter bank is modified to match the requirement of the MIR. The low-cost quadrature demodulator is also developed for the phase detection system. By using the low-price commercial wireless devices, the development cost becomes much lower than the expensive waveguide system. These devices enable the development of 2-D/3-D microwave imaging system for the plasma diagnostics and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
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43
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Kobayashi M, Nakahara K, Seki T, Miki S, Kawauchi S, Suyama A, Wakasa-Morimoto C, Kodama M, Endoh T, Oosugi E, Matsushita Y, Murai H, Fujishita T, Yoshinaga T, Garvey E, Foster S, Underwood M, Johns B, Sato A, Fujiwara T. Selection of diverse and clinically relevant integrase inhibitor-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants. Antiviral Res 2008; 80:213-22. [PMID: 18625269 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2008] [Revised: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Resistance passage studies were conducted with five INIs (integrase inhibitors) that have been tested in clinical trials to date: a new naphthyridinone-type INI S/GSK-364735, raltegravir, elvitegravir, L-870,810 and S-1360. In establishing the passage system and starting from concentrations several fold above the EC(50) value, resistance mutations against S-1360 and related diketoacid-type compounds could be isolated from infected MT-2 cell cultures from day 14 to 28. Q148R and F121Y were the two main pathways of resistance to S/GSK-364735. Q148R/K and N155H, which were found in patients failing raltegravir treatment in Phase IIb studies, were observed during passage with raltegravir with this method. The fold resistance of 40 mutant molecular clones versus wild type virus was compared with these five INIs. The overall resistance pattern of S/GSK-364735 was similar to that of raltegravir and other INIs. However, different fold resistances of particular mutations were noted among different INIs, reflecting a potential to develop INIs with distinctly different resistant profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Kobayashi
- Virology, Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Osaka, Japan
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44
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Kawasuji T, Fuji M, Yoshinaga T, Sato A, Fujiwara T, Kiyama R. 3-Hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-pyrrol-2-one derivatives as advanced inhibitors of HIV integrase. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:5487-92. [PMID: 17560110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2007] [Revised: 05/16/2007] [Accepted: 05/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The two-metal binding model we previously reported as an inhibition mechanism of HIV integrase (HIV IN) produced a new direction in modification of 2-hydroxy-3-heteroaryl acrylic acid inhibitors (HHAAs). Here we present a novel series of HIV IN inhibitors having a 3-hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-pyrrol-2-one moiety (HDPO) as an advanced analog of HHAAs. This cyclic modification of the chelating region of HHAA produces a favorable configuration to coordinate two-metal ions in HIV IN, which consequently gave improvements in not only enzymatic assay but also antiviral cell based assay in many cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kawasuji
- Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Company, Ltd, Sagisu, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0002, Japan.
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45
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Yoshinaga T, Hashimoto E, Ukai W, Toki S, Saito S, Saito T. Neural stem cell transplantation in a model of fetal alcohol effects. J Neural Transm Suppl 2007:331-337. [PMID: 17982911 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-73574-9_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation has been investigated and developed in areas such as brain injury, stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, emerging evidence suggest that many of clinical symptoms observed in psychiatric disease are likely related to neural network disruptions including neurogenesis dysfunction. In the present study, we transplanted NSCs into a model of fetal alchol effects (FAE) for the purpose of investigating the possibility of regenerative therapy for the FAE. We labeled NSCs with fluorescent dye and radioisotope which were transplanted into FAE rats by intravenous injection. The transplanted cells were detected in wide areas of brain and were greater in number in the brains of the FAE group compared to the control group. Furthermore NSC transplantation attenuated behavioral abnormalities in FAE animals. These results suggest NSC transplantation as a potental new therapy for human FAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshinaga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku 060-8543, Japan
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46
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Kawasuji T, Fuji M, Yoshinaga T, Sato A, Fujiwara T, Kiyama R. A platform for designing HIV integrase inhibitors. Part 2: A two-metal binding model as a potential mechanism of HIV integrase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:8420-9. [PMID: 17005407 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2006] [Revised: 08/28/2006] [Accepted: 08/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We propose a two-metal binding model as a potential mechanism of chelating inhibitors against HIV integrase (HIV IN) represented by 2-hydroxy-3-heteroaryl acrylic acids (HHAAs). Potential inhibitors would bind to two metal ions in the active site of HIV IN to prevent human DNA from undergoing the integration reaction. Correlation of the results of metal (Mg(2+) and Mn(2+)) titration studies with HIV IN inhibition for a series of active and inactive compounds provides support for the model. Results suggest Mg(2+) is an essential cofactor for chelating inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kawasuji
- Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Company, Ltd, Sagisu, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0002, Japan.
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47
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Kawasuji T, Yoshinaga T, Sato A, Yodo M, Fujiwara T, Kiyama R. A platform for designing HIV integrase inhibitors. Part 1: 2-hydroxy-3-heteroaryl acrylic acid derivatives as novel HIV integrase inhibitor and modeling of hydrophilic and hydrophobic pharmacophores. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:8430-45. [PMID: 17010623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2006] [Revised: 08/28/2006] [Accepted: 08/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We present a novel series of HIV integrase inhibitors, showing IC(50)s ranging from 0.01 to over 370microM in an enzymatic assay. Furthermore, pharmacophore modeling study for the inhibitors was carried out to elucidate the structure-activity relationships. Finally, we found a 3D-pharmacophore model, which is composed of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic domain, providing valuable information for designing other novel types of integrase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kawasuji
- Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Company, Ltd, Sagisu, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0002, Japan.
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Yoshinaga T, Uchida M, Tanaka H, Maekawa T. Spontaneous formation of closed-field torus equilibrium via current jump observed in an electron-cyclotron-heated plasma. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:125005. [PMID: 16605918 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.125005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous current jump resulting in the formation of closed field equilibrium has been observed in electron-cyclotron-heated toroidal plasmas under steady external fields composed of a toroidal field and a relatively weak vertical field in the low aspect ratio torus experiment device. This bridges the gap between the open field equilibrium maintained by a pressure-driven current in the external field and the closed field equilibrium at a larger current. Experimental results and theoretical analyses suggest a current jump model that is based on the asymmetric electron confinement along the field line appearing upon simultaneous transitions of field topology and equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshinaga
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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49
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Lin YM, Chen CN, Yoshinaga T, Tsai SC, Shen ID, Lee TH. Short-term effects of hyposmotic shock on Na+/K+-ATPase expression in gills of the euryhaline milkfish, Chanos chanos. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2006; 143:406-15. [PMID: 16459117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2005] [Revised: 12/21/2005] [Accepted: 12/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Changes in expression of gill Na+/K+ -ATPase (NKA) on a short-term (96 h) time-course following hyposmotic shock (direct transfer to fresh water) of the euryhaline, marine milkfish were studied on gene, protein, and cell levels in this paper. Plasma osmolality and [Na+] responded with rapid declines in 3 h post-transfer yet, thereafter, remained constant. Plasma [Cl-] gradually fell to a significantly lower level at 6 h post-transfer. Gills responded to hyposmotic shock by a dual phase enhancement of NKA activity and protein abundance; (a) Before 24 h: NKA activity increased as early as 3 h and reached a maximum level from 6 to 12 h post-transfer coincided with the sustained lower levels of plasma osmolality, [Na+], and [Cl-] since 3 h post-transfer. This was followed by a gradual rise in alpha-subunit protein levels that peaked at 12 h post-transfer. Meanwhile, alpha-mRNA of NKA did no show significant change. (b) After 24 h: NKA activity as well as the amounts of alpha-subunit mRNA and protein increased significantly. Direct freshwater transfer induced a prompt and significant decrease of NKA immunoreactive (NKIR) cell abundance in filaments before 24 h, followed by a significant increase after 24 h due to their development in filaments and lamellae. Increased number of NKIR cells after 24 h of hyposmotic shock may occur in conjunction with rise of NKA activity as well as alpha-subunit mRNA and protein abundance. In conclusion, milkfish is able to avoid an excessive drop in plasma ions immediately upon hyposmotic shock and maintain plasma ions on a marginal lower level in fresh water. Notably, the initial increase in NKA activity (adjustive phase; 3-12 h) and delayed increase in NKA mRNA and protein abundance (regulatory phase; 48-96 h) indicate the importance of a higher level of the gill enzyme in milkfish upon hyposmotic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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50
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Tanaka N, Fujita M, Handa H, Murayama S, Uemura M, Kawamura Y, Mitsui T, Mikami S, Tozawa Y, Yoshinaga T, Komatsu S. Proteomics of the rice cell: systematic identification of the protein populations in subcellular compartments. Mol Genet Genomics 2004; 271:566-76. [PMID: 15069638 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-004-1002-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2003] [Accepted: 02/26/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent progress in sequencing the complete genome of rice ( Oryza sativa), the proteome of this species remains poorly understood. To extend our knowledge of the rice proteome, the subcellular compartments, which include plasma membranes (PM), vacuolar membranes (VM), Golgi membranes (GM), mitochondria (MT), and chloroplasts (CP), were purified from rice seedlings and cultured suspension cells. The proteins of each of these compartments were then systematically analyzed using two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and Edman sequencing, followed by database searching. In all, 58 of the 464 spots detected by 2D electrophoresis in PM, 43 of the 141 spots in VM, 46 of the 361 spots in GM, 146 in the 672 spots in MT, and 89 of the 252 spots in CP could be identified by this procedure. The characterized proteins were found to be involved in various processes, such as respiration and the citric acid cycle in MT; photosynthesis and ATP synthesis in CP; and antifungal defense and signal systems in the membranes. Edman degradation revealed that 60-98% of N-terminal sequences were blocked, and the ratios of blocked to unblocked proteins in the proteomes of the various subcellular compartments differed. The data on the proteomes of subcellular compartments in rice will be valuable for resolving questions in functional genomics as well as for genome-wide exploration of plant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 305-8602, Tsukuba, Japan
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