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Zúñiga-Hernández SR, García-Iglesias T, Macías-Carballo M, Pérez-Larios A, Gutiérrez-Mercado YK, Camargo-Hernández G, Rodríguez-Razón CM. Targets and Effects of Common Biocompounds of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Delphinidin-3-Sambubiosid, Quercetin, and Hibiscus Acid) in Different Pathways of Human Cells According to a Bioinformatic Assay. Nutrients 2024; 16:566. [PMID: 38398890 PMCID: PMC10893457 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of food as a therapeutic measure for various ailments has been a prevalent practice throughout history and across different cultures. This is exemplified in societies where substances like Hibiscus sabdariffa have been employed to manage health conditions like hypertension and elevated blood glucose levels. The inherent bioactive compounds found in this plant, namely, delphinidin-3-sambubioside (DS3), quercetin (QRC), and hibiscus acid (HA), have been linked to various health benefits. Despite receiving individual attention, the specific molecular targets for these compounds remain unclear. In this study, computational analysis was conducted using bioinformatics tools such as Swiss Target Prediction, ShinnyGo 0.77, KEGG, and Stringdb to identify the molecular targets, pathways, and hub genes. Supplementary results were obtained through a thorough literature search in PubMed. DS3 analysis revealed potential genetic alterations related to the metabolism of nitrogen and glucose, inflammation, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation, particularly impacting the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. QRC analysis demonstrated interconnected targets spanning multiple pathways, with some overlap with DS3 analysis and a particular focus on pathways related to cancer. HA analysis revealed distinct targets, especially those associated with pathways related to the nervous system. These findings emphasize the necessity for focused research on the molecular effects of DS3, QRC, and HA, thereby providing valuable insights into potential therapeutic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio R. Zúñiga-Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47620, Mexico;
| | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- Instituto de Investigación de Cáncer en la Infancia y Adolescencia, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Monserrat Macías-Carballo
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47620, Mexico;
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Larios
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales, Agua y Energia, Departamento de Ingenierias, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47620, Mexico;
| | - Yanet Karina Gutiérrez-Mercado
- Laboratorio Biotecnológico de Investigación y Diagnóstico, Departamento de Clínicas, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47620, Mexico;
| | - Gabriela Camargo-Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47620, Mexico;
| | - Christian Martin Rodríguez-Razón
- Laboratorio de Experimentación Animal (Bioterio), Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47620, Mexico
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Carreño-Saavedra NM, Reyes-Pérez IV, Machado-Sulbaran AC, Martínez-Bonilla GE, Ramírez-Dueñas MG, Muñoz-Valle JF, Olaya-Valdiviezo V, García-Iglesias T, Martínez-García EA, Sánchez-Hernández PE. IL-21 (rs2055979 and rs2221903)/ IL-21R (rs3093301) Polymorphism and High Levels of IL-21 Are Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mexican Patients. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040878. [PMID: 37107636 PMCID: PMC10137781 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is characterized by joint destruction, chronic inflammation, and autoantibody production. IL-21/IL-21R plays an essential role in the immunopathology of RA. Elevated IL-21 serum levels have been associated with RA and disease activity. Here, we evaluated the association of IL-21/IL-21R polymorphisms and IL-21 serum levels with RA. The study included 275 RA patients and 280 Control subjects (CSs). Single nucleotide polymorphisms IL-21 (rs2055979 and rs2221903) and IL-21R (rs3093301) were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. Clinical activity was evaluated by DAS28-ESR; IL-21 and anti-CCP serum levels were quantified by ELISA. The IL-21 rs2055979 AA genotype was higher in RA patients than in the CS group (p = 0.0216, OR = 1.761, 95% CI = 1.085-2.859); furthermore, RA patients showed anti-CCP elevated levels compared to the CA genotype (p = 0.0296). The IL21R rs3093301 AA genotype was also higher in RA patients than in the CS group (p = 0.0122, OR = 1.965, 95% CI = 1.153-3.348). The AT haplotypes of IL-21 rs2055979 and rs2221903 were more frequent (49%) in the RA group (p = 0.006). IL-21 serum levels were significantly elevated in the RA group, but without an association with IL-21 polymorphisms. In conclusion, IL-21 rs2255979 and IL-21R rs3093301 are associated with a higher risk of RA, and could be a genetic marker. Moreover, the elevated IL-21 levels in RA suggest that IL-21/IL-21R could be a therapeutic target in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Magdalena Carreño-Saavedra
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Itzel Viridiana Reyes-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Andrea Carolina Machado-Sulbaran
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Cuerpo Académico UDG-CA-1135 "Biomarcadores Inmunogenéticos y Factores Farmacológicos en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas", Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigación en Cáncer en la Infancia y Adolescencia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - María Guadalupe Ramírez-Dueñas
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Cuerpo Académico UDG-CA-1135 "Biomarcadores Inmunogenéticos y Factores Farmacológicos en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas", Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Valeria Olaya-Valdiviezo
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Cuerpo Académico UDG-CA-1135 "Biomarcadores Inmunogenéticos y Factores Farmacológicos en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas", Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigación en Cáncer en la Infancia y Adolescencia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Erika Aurora Martínez-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético (IIRSME), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Pedro Ernesto Sánchez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Cuerpo Académico UDG-CA-1135 "Biomarcadores Inmunogenéticos y Factores Farmacológicos en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas", Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigación en Cáncer en la Infancia y Adolescencia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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Rodríguez-Mejía UU, Viveros-Paredes JM, Zepeda-Morales ASM, Carrera-Quintanar L, Zepeda-Nuño JS, Velázquez-Juárez G, Delgado-Rizo V, García-Iglesias T, Camacho-Padilla LG, Varela-Navarro E, Anguiano-Sevilla LA, Franco-Torres EM, López-Roa RI. β-Caryophyllene: A Therapeutic Alternative for Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction Caused by Obesity. Molecules 2022; 27:6156. [PMID: 36234691 PMCID: PMC9570618 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an excessive accumulation of fat that exacerbates the metabolic and inflammatory processes. Studies associate these processes with conditions and dysregulation in the intestinal tract, increased concentrations of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) in the blood, differences in the abundance of intestinal microbiota, and the production of secondary metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a natural sesquiterpene with anti-inflammatory properties and with the potential purpose of fighting metabolic diseases. A diet-induced obesity model was performed in 16-week-old C57BL/6 mice administered with BCP [50 mg/kg]. A reduction in the expression of Claudin-1 was observed in the group with a high-fat diet (HFD), which was caused by the administration of BCP; besides BCP, the phylaAkkermansia and Bacteroidetes decreased between the groups with a standard diet (STD) vs. HFD. Nevertheless, the use of BCP in the STD increased the expression of these phyla with respect to fatty acids; a similar effect was observed, in the HFD group that had a decreasing concentration that was restored with the use of BCP. The levels of endotoxemia and serum leptin increased in the HFD group, while in the HFD + BCP group, similar values were found to those of the STD group, attributing the ability to reduce these in conditions of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Ulises Rodríguez-Mejía
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Viveros-Paredes
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Adelaida Sara Minia Zepeda-Morales
- Laboratorio de Análisis Quimícos Clínicos y Bacteriológicos Vinculación, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de los Alimentos, Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44350, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Sergio Zepeda-Nuño
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico de Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44350, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Velázquez-Juárez
- Laboratorio de Bioquimíca Estructural, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Vidal Delgado-Rizo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44350, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación en Cáncer de la Infancia y Adolescencia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44350, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luisa Guadalupe Camacho-Padilla
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Varela-Navarro
- Laboratorio de Análisis Quimícos Clínicos y Bacteriológicos Vinculación, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luis Alberto Anguiano-Sevilla
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Genética y Proteómica, Instituto Transdiciplinar de Investigación y Servicios, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45150, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Esmeralda Marisol Franco-Torres
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rocio Ivette López-Roa
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
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Martín-Márquez BT, Satoh M, Hernández-Pando R, Martínez-García EA, Petri MH, Sandoval-García F, Pizano-Martinez O, García-Iglesias T, Corona-Meraz FI, Vázquez-Del Mercado M. The DNA co-vaccination using Sm antigen and IL-10 as prophylactic experimental therapy ameliorates nephritis in a model of lupus induced by pristane. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259114. [PMID: 34705865 PMCID: PMC8550422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies such as anti-Sm. Studies in patients with SLE and murine models of lupus reveal that the most critical anti-Sm autoantibodies are predominantly direct against D1(83–119), D2, and B´/B epitopes. Objectives The present study aimed to analyze the induction of antigen-specific tolerance after prophylactic immunization with a DNA vaccine encoding the epitopes: D183-119, D2, B´/B, and B´/BCOOH in co-vaccination with IFN-γ or IL-10 in a murine model of lupus induced by pristane. Material and methods To obtain endotoxin-free DNA vaccines, direct cloning techniques using pcDNA were performed: D183-119, D2, B´/B, B´/BCOOH, IFN-γ, or IL-10. Lupus was induced by 0.5 mL of pristane via intraperitoneal in BALB/c female mice. Immunoprecipitation with K562 cells was metabolically labeled with 35S and ELISA to detect serum antibodies or mice IgG1, IgG2a isotypes. ELISA determined IL-10 and IFN-γ from splenocytes supernatants. Proteinuria was assessed monthly, and lupus nephritis was evaluated by immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. Results The prophylactic co-vaccination with D2/IL-10 reduced the expression of kidney damage observed by electron microscopy, direct immunofluorescence, and H & E, along with reduced level of anti-nRNP/Sm antibodies (P = 0.048). Conclusion The prophylactic co-vaccination of IL-10 with D2 in pristane-induced lupus ameliorates the renal damage maybe by acting as prophylactic DNA tolerizing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Teresita Martín-Márquez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético (IIRSME), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, UDG-CA-703, "Inmunología y Reumatología", Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Minoru Satoh
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Departamento de Patología, Sección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Erika Aurora Martínez-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético (IIRSME), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, UDG-CA-703, "Inmunología y Reumatología", Guadalajara, Mexico
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Marcelo Heron Petri
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético (IIRSME), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Flavio Sandoval-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético (IIRSME), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, UDG-CA-701, "Envejecimiento, Inmunometabolismo y estrés oxidativo", Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
| | - Oscar Pizano-Martinez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético (IIRSME), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, UDG-CA-703, "Inmunología y Reumatología", Guadalajara, Mexico
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- Departamento de Fisiología, Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Fernanda Isadora Corona-Meraz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético (IIRSME), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, UDG-CA-701, "Envejecimiento, Inmunometabolismo y estrés oxidativo", Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
- División de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco, México
| | - Monica Vázquez-Del Mercado
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético (IIRSME), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, UDG-CA-703, "Inmunología y Reumatología", Guadalajara, Mexico
- División de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca", Servicio de Reumatología PNPC 004086 CONACyT, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Aguayo-Ruiz JI, García-Cobián TA, Pascoe-González S, Sánchez-Enríquez S, Llamas-Covarrubias IM, García-Iglesias T, López-Quintero A, Llamas-Covarrubias MA, Trujillo-Quiroz J, Rivera-Leon EA. Effect of supplementation with vitamins D3 and K2 on undercarboxylated osteocalcin and insulin serum levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:73. [PMID: 32831908 PMCID: PMC7436967 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00580-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are characterized by chronic hyperglycemia as a consequence of decreased insulin sensitivity, which contributes to bone demineralization and could also be related to changes in serum levels of osteocalcin and insulin, particularly when coupled with a deficiency in the daily consumption of vitamins D3 and K2. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 supplements alone or in combination on osteocalcin levels and metabolic parameters in patients with T2DM. METHODS A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was carried out in 40 patients aged between 30 and 70 years old for 3 months. Clinical and laboratory assessment was carried out at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. The patients were divided into three groups: (a) 1000 IU vitamin D3 + a calcinated magnesium placebo (n = 16), (b) 100 µg of Vitamin K2 + a calcinated magnesium placebo (n = 12), and (c) 1000 IU vitamin D3 + 100 µg vitamin K2 (n = 12). RESULTS After treatment in the total studied population, a significant decrease in glycemia (p = 0.001), HOMA-IR (Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance) (p = 0.040), percentage of pancreatic beta cells (p < 0.001), uOC/cOC index and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.030) were observed; in vitamin D3 group, differences in serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin (p = 0.026), undercarboxylated to carboxylated osteocalcin index (uOC/cOC) (p = 0.039) glucose (p < 0.001) and % of functional pancreatic beta cells (p < 0.001) were demonstrated. In vitamin K2 group a significant decrease in glycemia (p = 0.002), HOMA-IR (p = 0.041), percentage of pancreatic beta cells (p = 0.002), and in cOC (p = 0.041) were observed, conversely cOC concentration was found high. Finally, in the vitamins D3 + K2 a significant decrease in glycemia (p = 0.002), percentage of pancreatic beta cells (p = 0.004), and in the uOC/cOC index (p = 0.023) were observed. CONCLUSION Individual or combined supplementation with vitamins D3 and K2 significantly decreases the glucose levels and % of functional pancreatic beta cells, while D3 and D3 + K2 treatments also induced a reduction in the uOC/cOC index. Only in the group with vitamin D3 supplementation, it was observed a reduction in undercarboxylated osteocalcin while vitamin K2 increased the carboxylated osteocalcin levels.Trial registration NCT04041492.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. I. Aguayo-Ruiz
- Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 44350 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - T. A. García-Cobián
- Department of Physiology, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 44350 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - S. Pascoe-González
- Department of Physiology, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 44350 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - S. Sánchez-Enríquez
- Department of Clinics, Altos University Center (CuAltos), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 47620 Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco Mexico
| | - I. M. Llamas-Covarrubias
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 44350 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - T. García-Iglesias
- Department of Physiology, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 44350 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - A. López-Quintero
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 44350 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - M. A. Llamas-Covarrubias
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 44350 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - J. Trujillo-Quiroz
- Department of Physiology, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 44350 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - E. A. Rivera-Leon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), 44350 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
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García-Arellano S, Hernández-Palma LA, Bucala R, Hernández-Bello J, De la Cruz-Mosso U, García-Iglesias T, Cerpa-Cruz S, Padilla-Gutiérrez JR, Valle Y, Soñanez-Organis JG, Parra-Rojas I, Pereira-Suárez AL, Muñoz-Valle JF. Th1/Th17 Cytokine Profile is Induced by Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Curr Mol Med 2019; 18:679-688. [PMID: 30698113 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190129123240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a crucial role as a regulator of the innate and adaptive immune responses and takes part in the destructive process of the joint in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by promoting angiogenesis and inducing proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). We evaluated if recombinant human MIF (rhMIF) induces the production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and IL- 17F in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from RA patients and control subjects (CS). METHODS The PBMC from RA patients and CS were stimulated for 24 hours with combinations of LPS, rhMIF or the MIF antagonist ISO-1. Cytokine profiles were measured using a multiplex immunoassay and, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was determined by ELISA kit. RESULTS The PBMC of CS and RA produced Th1 and Th17 cytokines under stimulation with rhMIF, however, this effect was higher in the cells of RA patients. The rhMIFstimulated PBMC from RA patients produced higher levels of Th1 and Th17 cytokines in comparison with unstimulated cells: TNF-α (538.81 vs. 5.02 pg/mL, p<0.001), IFN-γ (721.90 vs. 8.40 pg/mL, p<0.001), IL-1β (150.14 vs. 5.17 pg/mL, p<0.05), IL-6 (19769.70 vs. 119.85 pg/mL, p<0.001), IL-17A (34.97 vs. 0.90 pg/mL, p<0.01) and IL-17F (158.43 vs. 0.92 pg/mL, p<0.001). CONCLUSION These results highlight the potential role of MIF in the establishment of the chronic inflammatory process in RA via Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile induction and provide new evidence of the role of MIF to stimulate the IL-17A and IL-17F expression in PBMC from RA and CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel García-Arellano
- Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Biomedicas, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luis Alexis Hernández-Palma
- Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Biomedicas, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Medicine/Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Jorge Hernández-Bello
- Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Biomedicas, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ulises De la Cruz-Mosso
- Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Biomedicas, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Sergio Cerpa-Cruz
- Departamento de Reumatologia, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara 'Fray Antonio Alcalde', Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Yeminia Valle
- Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Biomedicas, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Guadalupe Soñanez-Organis
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimico Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora Unidad Regional Sur, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimico Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | | | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigacion en Ciencias Biomedicas, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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7
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Reyes-Pérez IV, Sánchez-Hernández PE, Muñoz-Valle JF, Martínez-Bonilla GE, García-Iglesias T, González-Díaz V, García-Arellano S, Cerpa-Cruz S, Polanco-Cruz J, Ramírez-Dueñas MG. Cytokines (IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ) in rheumatoid arthritis: association with positivity to autoantibodies (RF, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and anti-PADI4) and clinical activity. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:3061-3071. [PMID: 31312989 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial membrane damage and autoantibody production. RA is a heterogeneous disease, where cytokines such as IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ have been associated. However, their association with the autoantibodies has not been clearly described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the cytokines IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ with the autoantibodies (RF, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and anti-PADI4) in RA and disease activity. METHODOLOGY This study included 153 RA patients and 80 control subjects (CS). The levels of IL-15, IL-21, IFN-γ, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and anti-PADI4 were quantified by ELISA, whereas RF was quantified by turbidimetry. The disease activity was evaluated by the indices disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR), clinical disease activity index (CDAI), and simple disease activity index (SDAI). RESULTS The serum levels of IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ, and autoantibodies were increased in RA patients, compared with CS (p < 0.05). A correlation was found between IL-21 and anti-CCP and anti-MCV (p < 0.05). According to RA evolution, RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCV had higher levels in early RA. In addition, increased levels of IL-21 were observed in RA seropositive patients (RF/anti-CCP/anti-MCV). The higher levels of both cytokines and autoantibodies were observed in moderate activity, evaluated by the three indices. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the increased soluble levels of IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ are involved in the inflammatory network in RA. However, IL-21 serum levels are associated with higher titers of autoantibodies (RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCV) and IL-15 with moderate activity. Key Points • IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-y are associated with the immunopathology of RA, but not significantly with the evolution of the disease. • RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCV had higher levels in early than established RA. • IL-21 has an association with RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCVand, for this reason, could be proposed as a disease biomarker. • Patients with activity moderate of disease showed higher levels of RF, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and IL-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel Viridiana Reyes-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, No. 950, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Pedro Ernesto Sánchez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, No. 950, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, No. 950, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Verónica González-Díaz
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Samuel García-Arellano
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sergio Cerpa-Cruz
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Julissa Polanco-Cruz
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Ramírez-Dueñas
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, No. 950, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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8
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Rodríguez-Razón CM, Yañez-Sánchez I, Ramos-Santillan VO, Velásquez-Ordóñez C, Gutiérrez-Rubio SA, García-García MR, López-Roa RI, Sánchez-Hernández PE, Daneri-Navarro A, García-Iglesias T. Adhesion, proliferation, and apoptosis in different molecular portraits of breast cancer treated with silver nanoparticles and its pathway-network analysis. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:1081-1095. [PMID: 29503542 PMCID: PMC5826086 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s152237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted considerable attention due to the variety of their applications in medicine and other sciences. AgNPs have been used in vitro for treatment of various diseases, such as hepatitis B and herpes simplex infections as well as colon, cervical, and lung cancers. In this study, we assessed the effect on proliferation, adhesion, and apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines of different molecular profiles (MCF7, HCC1954, and HCC70) exposed to AgNPs (2–9 nm). Methods Breast cancer cell lines were incubated in vitro; MTT assay was used to assess proliferation. Adhesion was determined by real-time analysis with the xCELLingence system. Propidium iodide and fluorescein isothiocyanate-Annexin V assay were used to measure apoptosis. The transcriptome was assessed by gene expression microarray and Probabilistic Graphical Model (PGM) analyses. Results The results showed a decreased adhesion in breast cancer cell lines and the control exposed to AgNPs was noted in 24 hours (p≤0.05). We observed a significant reduction in the proliferation of MCF7 and HCC70, but not in HCC1954. Apoptotic activity was seen in all cell lines exposed to AgNPs, with an apoptosis percentage of more than 60% in cancer cell lines and less than 60% in the control. PGM analysis confirmed, to some extent, the effects of AgNPs primarily on adhesion by changes in the extracellular matrix. Conclusion Exposure to AgNPs causes an antiproliferative, apoptotic, and anti-adhesive effect in breast cancer cell lines cultured in vitro. More research is needed to evaluate the potential use of AgNPs to treat different molecular profiles of breast cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Rodríguez-Razón
- Laboratory of Immunology and Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Irinea Yañez-Sánchez
- Center for Research in Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, University Center of the Valleys, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Vicente O Ramos-Santillan
- Laboratory of Immunology and Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Celso Velásquez-Ordóñez
- Center for Research in Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, University Center of the Valleys, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Susan A Gutiérrez-Rubio
- Laboratory of Immunology and Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Maritza R García-García
- Department of Health Sciences, University Center of the High University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Roció I López-Roa
- Laboratory of Immunology and Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Pedro E Sánchez-Hernández
- Laboratory of Immunology and Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Adrian Daneri-Navarro
- Laboratory of Immunology and Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- Laboratory of Immunology and Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Raffoul-Orozco AK, Ávila-González AE, Rodríguez-Razón CM, García-Cobian TA, Pérez-Guerrero EE, García-Iglesias T, Rubio-Arellano ED. Combination effect naringin and pravastatin in lipid profile and glucose in obese rats. Life Sci 2018; 193:87-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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De la Cruz-Mosso U, García-Iglesias T, Bucala R, Estrada-García I, González-López L, Cerpa-Cruz S, Parra-Rojas I, Gámez-Nava JI, Pérez-Guerrero EE, Muñoz-Valle JF. MIF promotes a differential Th1/Th2/Th17 inflammatory response in human primary cell cultures: Predominance of Th17 cytokine profile in PBMC from healthy subjects and increase of IL-6 and TNF-α in PBMC from active SLE patients. Cell Immunol 2017; 324:42-49. [PMID: 29397904 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is a cytokine associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. There is evidence that MIF functions in a positive-feedback-loop with proinflammatory cytokines and could perpetuate the inflammatory process in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).The aim of this study was to assess the effect of recombinant-human-MIF (rhMIF) on the expression of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) from Healthy Subjects (HS) and SLE patients. The PBMC were isolated from SLE patients classified according to the 1997 SLE ACR criteria and HS donors; all subjects included were women from an unrelated Mexican-Mestizo population. The PBMC isolated were stimulated with rhMIF, LPS and ISO-1 in different combinations; Th1, Th2 and Th17cytokine profiles levels were determined by MAGPIX Bio-plex assay in supernatants from cell cultures. We observed in supernatants of PBMCs from HS treated with rhMIF a predominance of Th17 cytokine profile with an increase of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-21 versus PBMCs from SLE patients, which showed an inflammatory profile represented by increase of IL-6 cytokine. According to SLE remission/activity presented at enrollment in the study (Mex-SLEDAI index), the PBMC from active SLE patients showed higher levels of TNF-α and IL-6 versus PBMC from remission SLE patients. In conclusion, our results suggest that MIF can induce a differential inflammatory response in physiological and pathological conditions with a predominance of a Th17 cytokine profile in PBMC from HS and an increase in TNF-α and IL-6 expression in PBMC from active SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises De la Cruz-Mosso
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Medicine/Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Iris Estrada-García
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Laura González-López
- Departamento de Medicina Interna-Reumatología, Hospital General Regional 110, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sergio Cerpa-Cruz
- División de Reumatología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Jorge Iván Gámez-Nava
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiologia Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Edsaúl Emilio Pérez-Guerrero
- Departamento de Medicina Interna-Reumatología, Hospital General Regional 110, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiologia Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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11
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Horemheb-Rubio G, Ramos-Cervantes P, Arroyo-Figueroa H, Ávila-Ríos S, García-Morales C, Reyes-Terán G, Escobedo G, Estrada G, García-Iglesias T, Muñoz-Saucedo N, Kershenobich D, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Ruiz-Palacios GM. High HPgV replication is associated with improved surrogate markers of HIV progression. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184494. [PMID: 28910347 PMCID: PMC5598987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human Pegivirus (HPgV) may have a beneficial effect on HIV disease progression in co-infected patients; however, the virologic characteristics of this infection are not well defined. In this study, we determined HPgV viremia prevalence in Mexico and provide new insights to understand HPgV infection and HPgV/HIV co-infection. Methods We analyzed and quantified 7,890 serum samples for HPgV viremia by One-Step RT-Real-Time PCR, 6,484 from healthy blood donors and 1,406 from HIV-infected patients. Data on HIV progression were obtained from patients’ records. HPgV genotyping was performed in 445 samples by nested PCR of the 5’URT region. Finite Mixture Models were used to identify clustering patterns of HPgV viremia in blood donors and co-infected antiretroviral (ART)-naïve patients. Results HPgV was detected in 2.98% of blood donors and 33% of HIV patients, with a wide range of viral loads. The most prevalent genotypes were 3 (58.6%)and 2 (33.7%). HPgV viral loads from healthy blood donors and HPgV/HIV+ ART-naïve co-infected patients were clustered into two component distributions, low and high, with a cut-off point of 5.07log10 and 5.06log10, respectively. High HPgV viremia was associated with improved surrogate markers of HIV infection, independent of the estimated duration of HIV infection or HIV treatment. Conclusions HPgV prevalence in Mexico was similar to that reported for other countries. The prevalent genotypes could be related to Mexico’s geographic location and ethnicity, since genotype 2 is frequent in the United States and Europe and genotype 3 in Asia and Amerindian populations. HPgV viral load demonstrated two patterns of replication, low and high. The more pronounced beneficial response observed in co-infected patients with high HPgV viremia may explain discrepancies found between other studies. Mechanisms explaining high and low HPgV replication should be explored to determine whether the persistently elevated replication depends on host or viral factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibran Horemheb-Rubio
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pilar Ramos-Cervantes
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Arroyo-Figueroa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Santiago Ávila-Ríos
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia García-Morales
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Reyes-Terán
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Galileo Escobedo
- Liver Pancreas and Intestinal Motility Laboratory, Hospital General de México, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria Estrada
- Blood Bank, Hospital General de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- Immnuology Laboratory, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nayeli Muñoz-Saucedo
- Immnuology Laboratory, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - David Kershenobich
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- * E-mail:
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12
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Velarde-de la Cruz EE, Sánchez-Hernández PE, Muñoz-Valle JF, Palafox-Sánchez CA, Ramírez-de Los Santos S, Graciano-Machuca O, García-Iglesias T, Montoya-Buelna M, Ramírez-Dueñas MG. KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 as genetic markers to the methotrexate response in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2017; 38:303-9. [PMID: 27251940 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2016.1194429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) are aimed to interfere with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression and reduce the joint damage; however, not all patients respond alike. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and their ligands, human leucocyte antigen class I (HLA-I), have been associated with RA pathology; therefore, KIR and HLA genes may influence the treatment response. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the association of KIR genotype and their ligands HLA-C genes with the response to DMARDs in RA patients. We included 69 patients diagnosed with RA and 82 healthy individuals as the reference group. KIR and HLA-C genotyping was performed using SSP-PCR. RA patients were assessed at baseline and under treatment at 6 and 12 months; subsequently classified as responders and non-responders in each time period. We evaluated the association between DMARD response and genes using statistical analysis by using Fisher exact test with Bonferroni correction; results were regarded as statistically significant at p < 0.05. RESULTS Significant difference was observed in gene frequencies of patients and the reference group, KIR2DL2 was associated with RA (p = 0.031, OR = 2.119). We also observed an association between KIR2DS2 and the response to methotrexate (MTX), moreover, the combination KIR2DL2+/KIR2DS2+ was more frequent in responders to MTX (p = 0.043). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS In our results, responders and non-responders to DMARDs showed KIR2DS2 and KIR2DL2 different gene frequencies, therefore, these genes could be used as response predictors to DMARDs treatment. Thus, these genes were also associated with disease severity, as well as the treatment response possibly by the immunoregulatory function of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erandi Enif Velarde-de la Cruz
- a Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México ;,b Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México
| | - Pedro Ernesto Sánchez-Hernández
- a Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México ;,b Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- b Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México ;,c Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México
| | - Claudia Azucena Palafox-Sánchez
- b Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México ;,c Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México
| | - Saúl Ramírez-de Los Santos
- d Departamento de Clínicas , Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara , Tepatitlán , Jalisco , México
| | - Omar Graciano-Machuca
- a Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México ;,b Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México
| | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- a Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México
| | - Margarita Montoya-Buelna
- a Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México
| | - María Guadalupe Ramírez-Dueñas
- a Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México ;,b Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , México
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Galván-Ramírez MDLL, Dueñas Jiménez JM, Rocío Rodríguez Pérez L, Troyo-Sanroman R, Ramírez-Herrera M, García-Iglesias T. Effect of nitaxozanide and pyrimethamine on astrocytes infected by Toxoplasma gondii in vitro. Arch Med Res 2013; 44:415-21. [PMID: 23973195 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS T. gondii is a causal agent of encephalitis in immunocompromised patients. Pyrimethamine (PYR) has been the treatment of choice for toxoplasmosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of nitazoxanide and pyrimethamine on astrocytes infected with T. gondii in vitro. METHODS Rat astrocytes were cultured and infected with T. gondii. The effect of nitazoxanide (10, 20 and 30 μg/mL) and pyrimethamine (7, 10 and 13 μg/mL) on astrocytes infected was evaluated at 24 and 48 h post-infection. Tachyzoites and astrocytes were detected by the immunocytochemical method. T. gondii viability in astrocytes infected and treated with NTZ and PYR as well as NTZ and PYR cytotoxicity on astrocytes in vitro were evaluated by the MTT assay. RESULTS The number of parasites in astrocytes treated with the drugs was significantly reduced when compared to control (p <0.001) at 24 and 48 h. Nitazoxanide produced 97% T. gondii death in a concentration of 10 μg/mL in 48 h infected astrocytes. At 48 h, the death rate of T. gondii was higher when treated with nitazoxanide than with pyrimethamine. A higher toxicity rate in astrocyte was observed when using pyrimethamine at 40 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS Nitazoxanide reduced T. gondii infection more efficiently than pyrimethamine and is not cytotoxic to astrocytes at the administered dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma de la Luz Galván-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Ramírez-De los Santos S, Sánchez-Hernández PE, Muñoz-Valle JF, Palafox-Sánchez CA, Rosales-Rivera LY, García-Iglesias T, Daneri-Navarro A, Ramírez-Dueñas MG. Associations of killer cell immunoglobulin- like receptor genes with rheumatoid arthritis. Dis Markers 2013; 33:201-6. [PMID: 22960345 PMCID: PMC3810684 DOI: 10.3233/dma-2012-0927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors are expressed on the surface of natural killer cells and CD28null T-cells, both present in synovial membrane of RA. Therefore we evaluated the associations of KIR genes with RA. METHODS 16 KIR genes were genotyped in 100 healthy subjects (HS) and 100 RA patients from Western Mexico using PCR-SSP. Differences in KIR genotypes and gene frequencies were assessed using the <formula>X^{2}</formula> test. RESULTS Gene frequency of KIR2DL3 was lower in RA than in HS (p= 0.0019), whereas KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 were higher in RA than HS (p =0.0004 and p = 0.0487, respectively). In addition were identified 38 genotypes (from G1-G38) in both studied groups, and the genotype frequencies of G1, G6 and G14 showed significant differences (p =0.0001, p =0.0208 and p =0.0300, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The presence of KIR2DL2, KIR2DS2 and absence of KIR2DL3 are associated with RA. Moreover, two genotypes BX are associated with RA. These results suggest that KIRs can be involved in RA susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ramírez-De los Santos
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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15
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Sandoval-García F, Petri MH, Saavedra MA, Cruz-Reyes CV, Jara-Quezada LJ, Dávalos-Rodríguez IP, Salazar-Páramo M, Gámez-Nava JI, González-López L, García-Iglesias T, Corona-Sánchez EG, Zavaleta-Muñiz S, Vargas-Ramírez R, Vázquez-Del Mercado M, Martín-Márquez BT. The ACTN3 R577X polymorphism is associated with inflammatory myopathies in a Mexican population. Scand J Rheumatol 2012; 41:396-400. [PMID: 22639897 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2012.669495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ACTN3 gene encodes the fast muscle protein α-actinin-3. The ACTN3 R577X polymorphism is a premature stop codon and results in absence of α-actinin-3 in 577XX homozygotes. The aim of this study was to determine the ACTN3 genotype in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). METHODS We performed ACTN3 genotyping on 27 patients with dermatomyositis (DM), 10 with polymyositis (PM), and 85 healthy subjects. Muscle enzyme levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were recorded at the time of diagnosis and recruitment. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and the allele frequency was analysed. RESULTS A total of 36% of healthy subjects had the ACTN3 577XX polymorphism (α-actinin-3 deficiency), 18% had the 577RR (homozygous wild type) genotype, and 46% 577RX (heterozygous). In DM/PM, 70% had the ACTN3 577XX polymorphism, 6% RR, and 24% RX [odds ratio (OR) 4.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.67-10.33, p < 0.001]. In healthy subjects, the R allele was present in 41% and the X allele in 59% compared to 18% and 82%, respectively, in the IIM group (OR 3.21, 95% CI 1.57-6.66, p < 0.001). Thus, the ACTN3 577X allele seemed to increase the risk of developing IIM, and DM in particular, although this was not related to severity of expression of the phenotype. CONCLUSIONS The ACTN3 577X allele appeared to increase the risk of developing IIM; 70% of IIM patients were deficient in α-actinin-3. By contrast, ACTN3 577XX patients seemed to have less severe disease as reflected in lower muscle enzyme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sandoval-García
- Research Institute of Rheumatology and the Musculoskeletal System, University Centre for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Miranda-Díaz AG, Hermosillo-Sandoval JM, Huerta-Rosas G, López-Guillén GG, Cardona Muñoz EG, García-Iglesias T, Pacheco-Moisés F, Alatorre-Carranza MDP. [Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels among patients suffering a bile duct injury during cholecystectomy]. Rev Med Chil 2010; 138:1259-1263. [PMID: 21279272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During cholecystectomy, the bile duct may be injured. When this complication occurs, Kupffer cells are activated and produce tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL6) to phagocyte toxic products AIM To measure serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 among patients that suffered a bile duct injury after a cholecystectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured prior to the bile-enteric derivation and after one year of follow up, in 31 patients that had a complete bile duct obstruction after open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy and in 5 healthy controls. RESULTS At baseline TNF-α levels in healthy subjects and patients with bile duct injury were 0 and 43.9 ± 2.9 ng/mL, respectively (p < 0.01). At one year of follow up, TNF-á became undetectable among patients. At baseline, the values for IL-6 among healthy controls and patients were 3.0 ± 2.0 and 72.0 ± 94.7 pg/mL respectively, (p < 0,004). After one year of follow up, IL-6 levels decreased to 6.4 ± 0.3 pg/mL among patients. CONCLUSIONS TNF-α and IL-6 levels were elevated before bile-enteric derivation among patients with bile duct injury and became normal one year later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra G Miranda-Díaz
- Departamento de Clínicas Quirúrgicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
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Martínez-García EA, Sánchez-Hernández PE, Chavez-Robles B, Nuñez-Atahualpa L, Martín-Márquez BT, Arana-Argaez VE, García-Iglesias T, González-López L, Gamez-Nava JI, Petri MH, Velazquez-Rodriguez J, Salazar-Paramo M, Davalos-Rodriguez IP, Daneri-Navarro A, Vázquez-Del Mercado M. The Distribution of CD56dimCD16+ and CD56brightCD16− Cells are Associated with Prolactin Levels during Pregnancy and Menstrual Cycle in Healthy Women. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 65:433-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2010.00916.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Sánchez-Hernández PE, Ramirez-Dueñas MG, Albarran-Somoza B, García-Iglesias T, del Toro-Arreola A, Franco-Topete R, Daneri-Navarro A. Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) in cervical cancer proliferation. Gynecol Oncol 2007; 108:19-26. [PMID: 17936340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Revised: 08/08/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is cleaved and activated by trypsin and tryptase. There is evidence that PAR-2 contributes to tumor progression in stomach, colon, pancreas, prostate and breast cancer patients. However, the role of PAR-2 in cervical cancer is still unknown. The aim of this work was to study the PAR-2 expression in cervical cancer tissues and the effect of PAR-2 activation on cervical cancer proliferation. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze PAR-2 expression in fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from 16 patients with invasive cervical cancer. HPV types were identified by PCR. PAR-2 expression in UISO-SQC-1, HeLa, SiHa, CasKi and C-33 A cervical cancer cell lines was evaluated by flow cytometry. Trypsin was detected by Western blot. Tumor proliferation in response to trypsin or agonist peptide was evaluated by the MTT method. RESULTS A strong correlation between trypsin and PAR-2 expression in five cervical cancer cell lines, in association with proliferative growth in the presence of trypsin or agonist peptide, was found. All tumors from cervical cancer patients expressed PAR-2 (immunoreactive score was higher in poorly differentiated tumors). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that trypsin and PAR-2 are involved in cervical cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ernesto Sánchez-Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No 950, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara, Jalisco, CP 44340, Mexico
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Balderas-Peña L, Toro-Arreola S, García-Iglesias T, Jara-Quezada L, Hernández-Higareda S, Toro-Arreola A. Placental expression of HLA-G, and its correlation with ILT2 expression on surface of CD4+ T lymphocytes and NK cells in preeclamptic women. J Reprod Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2006.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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González-Hita M, García-Iglesias T, Aranda-Acosta L, Bastidas-Ramírez B, Ruíz-Madrigal B, Sánchez-Enriquez S. We-P11:148 Lipid peroxides and immunoglobulin plasma levels associated with body mass index. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)81502-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Muñoz-Valle JF, Vázquez-Del Mercado M, García-Iglesias T, Orozco-Barocio G, Bernard-Medina G, Martínez-Bonilla G, Bastidas-Ramírez BE, Navarro AD, Bueno M, Martínez-López E, Best-Aguilera CR, Kamachi M, Armendáriz-Borunda J. T(H)1/T(H)2 cytokine profile, metalloprotease-9 activity and hormonal status in pregnant rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2003; 131:377-84. [PMID: 12562402 PMCID: PMC1808625 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), several immune and neuroendocrine changes associated with pregnancy may exert positive (amelioration) or negative (exacerbation) effects on the clinical outcome. In order to shed light on the mechanisms underlying these responses, we performed a prospective longitudinal study in RA and SLE pregnant women, including healthy pregnant women as a control group. Cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression assessed by quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), cytokine levels and lymphocyte proliferation responses (LPR) following phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation of PBMC, plasma metalloprotease-9 activity (MMP-9) and hormonal status during pregnancy were determined. TNFa was the most abundant cytokine mRNA expressed in PBMC in all groups studied (healthy pregnant women, RA and SLE pregnant patients). However, a general TH2 response reflected by high IL-10 levels was found in RA, as well as SLE, patients. A significant change in IFN-gamma was observed in RA patients but only during the first trimester of pregnancy. This compared with a major TH1 response in healthy pregnant women. Interestingly, our study showed a homogeneous hormonal pattern in RA and SLE patients. Although decreased cortisol levels were observed in all patients studied, this is possibly related to the remission of disease activity status brought about by steroid treatment before and during pregnancy. In summary, we suggest that complex immune and hormonal networks are involved in pregnancy and that rheumatic diseases are very dynamic immune processes that cannot be described with a clear-cut cytokine profile. Furthermore, the observations in this study may reflect treatment-related immune effects more than those associated with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina y Terapia Génica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico
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Vásquez-Garibay E, Campollo-Rivas O, Romero-Velarde E, Méndez-Estrada C, García-Iglesias T, Alvizo-Mora JG, Vizmanos-Lamotte B. Effect of renutrition on natural and cell-mediated immune response in infants with severe malnutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002; 34:296-301. [PMID: 11964957 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-200203000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a 4-week nutritional recovery period with a starting infant formula and 3.35 kJ/mL energy density would favorably affect the natural and cell-mediated immune response in infants with severe and primary protein-energy malnutrition. METHODOLOGY The study included 12 severely malnourished infants, 3 to 18 months of age. For 2 weeks, infants were fed a starting infant formula, with energy density increased to 0.8 kcal/mL, through a nasogastric tube. Infants were fed "ad libitum" for 2 more weeks. On the fifth day, 837 kJ/kg and 4 g/kg protein were given daily. At the beginning and at the end of the 4-week period, weight, length, phagocytosis, microbicidal activity, chemotaxis, and cell proliferation indices were measured. Null hypothesis was rejected with a paired t test and a P value less than 0.05. RESULTS After the 4-week period of nutritional recovery, the weight and length indicators and the four immunologic assays showed significant increase (P < 0.005). CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that a 4-week nutritional recovery period with a starting infant formula and 0.8 kcal/mL energy density favorably affected the natural and cell-mediated immune response in infants with severe protein-energy malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Vásquez-Garibay
- Instituto de Nutrición Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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