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Samal RR, Subudhi U. Biochemical and Biophysical Interaction of Rare Earth Elements with Biomacromolecules: A Comprehensive Review. Chemosphere 2024; 357:142090. [PMID: 38648983 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The growing utilization of rare earth elements (REEs) in industrial and technological applications has captured global interest, leading to the development of high-performance technologies in medical diagnosis, agriculture, and other electronic industries. This accelerated utilization has also raised human exposure levels, resulting in both favourable and unfavourable impacts. However, the effects of REEs are dependent on their concentration and molecular species. Therefore, there is a scientific interest in investigating the molecular mechanisms of REEs with biomolecules. In this current review, particular attention was paid to the molecular interactions of Lanthanum (La), Cerium (Ce), and Gadolinium (Gd) with biomolecules, and the biological consequences were broadly interpreted. The survey involved gathering and evaluating a vast scientific collection which primarily focused on the impact associated with REEs, ranging from earlier reports to recent discoveries, including studies in human and animal models. Thus, understanding the molecular interactions of each element with biomolecules will be highly beneficial in elucidating the consequences of REEs accumulation in the living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi R Samal
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar,751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar,751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Sundaray K, Baral B, Subudhi U. DNA polyhedrons cube, prism, and square pyramid protect the catalytic activity of catalase: A thermodynamics and kinetics study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130557. [PMID: 38431020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
DNA is widely used as building block material for the construction of polyhedral nanostructures. DNA polyhedrons (DNA prism, cube, and square pyramid) are small 3D wireframed nanostructures with tunable shapes and sizes. Despite substantial progress in synthesis, the study regarding cellular responses to DNA polyhedrons is limited. Herein, the molecular interaction between DNA polyhedrons and the antioxidant enzyme, catalase has been explored. The enzymatic activity of bovine liver catalase (BLC) remains unaltered in the presence of DNA polyhedrons after 1 h of incubation. However, the activity of BLC was protected after 24 h of incubation in the presence of DNA polyhedrons as compared to the natural unfolding. The kinetics study confirmed the protective role of DNA polyhedrons on BLC with lower KM and higher catalytic efficiency. Furthermore, no profound conformational changes of BLC occur in the presence of DNA polyhedrons as observed in spectroscopic studies. From fluorescence quenching data we confirmed the binding between DNA polyhedrons and BLC. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that non-covalent bonds played a major role during the interaction of BLC with DNA polyhedrons. Moreover, the hepatic catalase activity remains unaltered in the presence of DNA polyhedrons. The cytotoxicity assay revealed that DNA polyhedrons were biocompatible in the cellular environment. The protective role of DNA polyhedrons on enzyme activity and the unaltered conformational change of protein ensures the biocompatibility of DNA polyhedrons in the cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Sundaray
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bineeth Baral
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Nial PS, Subudhi U. Zeta potential of Z-DNA: A new signature to study B-Z transition in linear and branched DNA. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131238. [PMID: 38554916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Zeta potential is commonly referred as surface charge density and is a key factor in modulating the structural and functional properties of nucleic acids. Although the negative charge density of B-DNA is well understood, there is no prior description of the zeta potential measurement of Z-DNA. In this study, for the first time we discover the zeta potential difference between B-DNA and lanthanum chloride-induced Z-DNA. A series of linear repeat i.e. (CG)n and (GC)n DNA as well as branched DNA (bDNA) structures was used for the B-to-Z DNA transition. Herein, the positive zeta potential of Z-DNA has been demonstrated as a powerful tool to discriminate between B-form and Z-form of DNA. The generality of the approach has been validated both in linear and bDNA nanostructures. Thus, we suggest zeta potential can be used as an ideal signature for the left-handed Z-DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha S Nial
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Satapathy SN, Nial PS, Tulsiyan KD, Subudhi U. Light rare earth elements stabilize G-quadruplex structure in variants of human telomeric sequences. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127703. [PMID: 37918592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, light rare earth elements (LREEs) are gaining importance in modern-day technologies. Thus, the entry of LREEs into biochemical pathways cannot be ignored, which might affect the conformation of biomacromolecules. Herein, for the first time, we discover the G-quadruplex formation in the human telomeric variants in presence of micromolar concentrations of LREEs. Thermal melting show that the LREE-induced unimolecular G-quadruplex structure. Isothermal titration calorimetry, UV-vis, and CD spectroscopy results suggest the binding stoichiometry of lanthanide ions to telomeric variants is 2:1. The data confirms that the LREE ions coordinate between adjacent G-quartets. The excess LREE ions are most likely binding to quadruplex loops. The CD spectra revealed that the LREE-induced quadruplex in human telomere and its variant have antiparallel orientation. The binding equilibria of LREEs have been studied both in the presence and absence of competing metal cations. Addition of LREEs to the Na+ or K+-induced G-quadruplexes led to conformational change, which may be ascribed to the displacement of K+ or Na+ ions by LREE ions and formation of a more compact LREE-induced G-quadruplex structure in human telomeric variant. Moreover, the thymine in the central loop of the human telomeric sequence stabilizes LREE induced G-quadruplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampat N Satapathy
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Partha S Nial
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kiran D Tulsiyan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education & Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Baral B, Panigrahi B, Kar A, Tulsiyan KD, Suryakant U, Mandal D, Subudhi U. Peptide nanostructures-based delivery of DNA nanomaterial therapeutics for regulating gene expression. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2023; 33:493-510. [PMID: 37583574 PMCID: PMC10424151 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled branched DNA (bDNA) nanomaterials have exhibited their functionality in various biomedical and diagnostic applications. However, the anionic cellular membrane has restricted the movement of bDNA nanostructures. Recently, amphiphilic peptides have been investigated as cationic delivery agents for nucleic acids. Herein, we demonstrate a strategy for delivering functional bDNA nanomaterials into mammalian cells using self-assembled linear peptides. In this study, antisense oligonucleotides of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were inserted in the overhangs of bDNAs. Novel linear peptides have been synthesized and the peptide-bound bDNA complex formation was examined using various biophysical experiments. Interestingly, the W4R4-bound bDNAs were found to be exceptionally stable against DNase I compared to other complexes. The delivery of fluorescent-labeled bDNAs into the mammalian cells confirmed the potential of peptide transporters. Furthermore, the functional efficacy of the peptide-bound bDNAs has been examined through RT-PCR and western blot analysis. The observed results revealed that W4R4 peptides exhibited excellent internalization of antisense bDNAs and significantly suppressed (3- to 4-fold) the transcripts and translated product of VEGF compared to the control. In summary, the results highlight the potential use of peptide-based nanocarrier for delivering bDNA nanostructures to regulate the gene expression in cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bineeth Baral
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bijayananda Panigrahi
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
- Biopioneer Private Limited, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Avishek Kar
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kiran D. Tulsiyan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education & Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, India
- Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Uday Suryakant
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Dindyal Mandal
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Samal RR, Navani HS, Saha S, Kisan B, Subudhi U. Evidence of microplastics release from polythene and paper cups exposed to hot and cold: A case study on the compromised kinetics of catalase. J Hazard Mater 2023; 454:131496. [PMID: 37121030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become widespread in the modern world posing a hidden threat to the global environment. However, growing accumulation and devastating impact of MPs on human health and the environment have received least attention. In the current investigation, for the first time MPs have been identified which are released from the daily usable materials like polythene bags (PB) and paper cups (PC) in response to hot and cold water exposure at different time intervals. The impact of these MPs has been assessed on the major antioxidant enzyme, bovine liver catalase (BLC). The binding of MPs caused conformational changes in BLC by decreasing the α-helical content, which results in reduction of the enzymatic activity. Kinetics study revealed nearly ∼1.4-fold compromised catalytic efficiency of catalase in response to MPs. Nevertheless, hepatic catalase activity was also significantly decreased in presence of MPs. Further, materials like glass, porcelain, stainless steel, and high-grade plastics are discovered as greener alternatives to PB and PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Samal
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; School of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - H S Navani
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Department of Microbial Technology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Saha
- Materials Chemistry Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
| | - B Kisan
- Department of Physics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - U Subudhi
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; School of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Baral B, Nial PS, Subudhi U. Enhanced enzymatic activity and conformational stability of catalase in presence of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures: A biophysical and kinetic study. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124677. [PMID: 37141969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of DNA nanotechnology has shown enormous potential in a vast array of applications, particularly in the medicinal and theranostics fields. Nevertheless, the knowledge of the compatibility between DNA nanostructures and cellular proteins is largely unknown. Herein, we report the biophysical interaction between proteins (circulatory protein bovine serum albumin, BSA, and the cellular enzyme bovine liver catalase, BLC) and tetrahedral DNA (tDNAs), which are well-known nanocarriers for therapeutics. Interestingly, the secondary conformation of BSA or BLC was unaltered in the presence of tDNAs which supports the biocompatible property of tDNA. In addition, thermodynamic studies showed that the binding of tDNAs with BLC has a stable non-covalent interaction via hydrogen bond and van der Waals contact, which is indicative of a spontaneous reaction. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of BLC was increased in the presence of tDNAs during 24 h of incubation. These findings indicate that the presence of tDNA nanostructures not only ensures a steady secondary conformation of proteins, but also stabilize the intracellular proteins like BLC. Surprisingly, our investigation discovered that tDNAs have no effect on albumin proteins, either by interfering or by adhering to the extracellular proteins. These findings will aid in the design of future DNA nanostructures for biomedical applications by increasing the knowledge on the biocompatible interaction of tDNAs with biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bineeth Baral
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; School of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Partha S Nial
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; School of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; School of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Gourai M, Nayak AK, Nial PS, Satpathy B, Bhuyan R, Singh SK, Subudhi U. Thermal plasma processing of Moringa oleifera biochars: adsorbents for fluoride removal from water. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4340-4350. [PMID: 36744284 PMCID: PMC9890545 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07514h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities accelerate fluoride contamination in groundwater, which largely affects public health. Though biochars have been explored for defluoridation, the plasma technology-based production of biochars has not received as considerable attention as other methods and it is also important that biochars be tested on groundwater samples. In the present study, for the first time, we report the preparation of biochars from different parts of Moringa oleifera using thermal plasma processing and demonstrate fluoride adsorption in both synthetic and contaminated groundwater. Water samples were collected from different locations in Nuapada district of Odisha such as Kotamal-Makardampada (20°24'46''N 82°37'19''E), Pandrapathar (20°34'41''N 82°39'25''E), Karlakot-Kadobhata (20°22'52''N 82°37'24''E), Kotamal-Jhakarpada (20°24'35''N 82°37'20''E), and Dohelpada (20°33'50''N 82°38'57''E). The Moringa leaf samples are processed at 1600 °C for 3 min in an inert atmosphere under a continuous flow of argon to get suitable biochars. The plasma-synthesized biochars contain larger exposed surfaces, which are efficient for the adsorption of fluoride. The prepared biochars were highly porous, amorphous, and contain > 72% carbon, which increases the efficiency of defluoridation due to the surface adsorbate site exposed. XRD of the samples showed the presence of calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, and large peaks of carbon. Raman data showed the double bond of carbon with oxygen in the form of carbonyl bonds, thioether, and sulfhydryl bonds, which contribute to the protonated site for the adsorption of fluoride, and assist in water penetration and swelling of biochars. The biochar of Moringa oleifera is very efficient for the adsorption of fluoride from standard samples as well as groundwater samples up to a concentration of 6 ppm. Conclusively, the present investigation shows that Moringa oleifera leaves are a good alternative adsorbent that could be used for the removal of fluoride from groundwater samples with > 85% removal in 18 h using 1 g biochar for 100 mL or 10 g biochar for 1 L water containing 4 ppm fluoride. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the thermal plasma-based production of Moringa biochars for the removal of fluoride from drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Gourai
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751 013OdishaIndia
| | - Ashok K. Nayak
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751 013OdishaIndia,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)Ghaziabad 201002Uttar PradeshIndia
| | - Partha S. Nial
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751 013OdishaIndia,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)Ghaziabad 201002Uttar PradeshIndia
| | - Bijaylaxmi Satpathy
- Rural Water Supply and Sanitation DepartmentNuapada District 766105OdishaIndia
| | - Rajashree Bhuyan
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751 013OdishaIndia
| | - Saroj K. Singh
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751 013OdishaIndia,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)Ghaziabad 201002Uttar PradeshIndia
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751 013OdishaIndia,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)Ghaziabad 201002Uttar PradeshIndia
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Samal RR, Sundaray K, Tulsiyan KD, Saha S, Chainy GBN, Subudhi U. Compromised conformation and kinetics of catalase in the presence of propylthiouracil: A biophysical study and alleviation by curcumin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1547-1559. [PMID: 36455824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the inhibitory effect of propylthiouracil (PTU) on bovine liver catalase (BLC) activity was studied in the presence of curcumin (CUR). The results suggest that the PTU-induced decrease in BLC activity was caused by a change in conformation of BLC with reduced α-helical content and decrease in zeta potential. Nevertheless, temperature-dependent activation of CUR protects the activity of BLC by restoring the secondary conformation and zeta potential of BLC. CUR inhibited the time-induced reduction in BLC activity and the protection was increased with increasing concentrations of CUR and found to be significant even from 1:0.1 molar ratios. The enzyme kinetics confirmed the high catalytic efficiency of BLC in presence of CUR than PTU. The protective role of CUR was due to the formation of a more stabilized complex as demonstrated by molecular docking, and fourier-transform infrared study. Isothermal titration calorimetric study supports for a favourable reaction between BLC and PTU or CUR due to the negative ΔH, and positive TΔS. Although the number of binding sites for PTU and CUR was found to be 10 and 7, respectively, the binding affinity between CUR and BLC is approximately 3.72 fold stronger than BLC-PTU complex. The increased melting temperature of BLC was noticed in presence of CUR suggesting the protective potential of CUR towards biomolecules. Indeed, this is the first biophysical study to describe the molecular mechanism of PTU-induced reduction in BLC activity and alleviation by CUR with detail kinetics. Thus, CUR can be further extended to other antioxidant enzymes or compromised biomolecules for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi R Samal
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kajal Sundaray
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran D Tulsiyan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education & Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India; Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Sumit Saha
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Materials Chemistry Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Gagan B N Chainy
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Jena AB, Samal RR, Dandapat J, Subudhi U. Thermodynamics of benzoquinone-induced conformational changes in nucleic acids and human serum albumin. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 369:110281. [PMID: 36436547 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, play a crucial role in biochemical and molecular processes. Thus, the study of the structure-function relationship of biomolecules in presence of ligands is an important aspect of structural biology. The current communication describes the chemico-biological interaction between benzene metabolite para-benzoquinone (BQ) with B-form of nucleic acids (B-DNA) and human serum albumin (HSA). The binding ability of HSA towards bromocresol green (BCG) was significantly suppressed when exposed to increasing concentrations of BQ in the presence of various physiological buffers. Further, the native fluorescence of HSA was drastically reduced and the secondary structures of HSA were significantly compromised with increasing concentrations of BQ. In vitro and in silico studies also revealed that BQ binds to domains I and II of HSA and thus altering the conformation of HSA which may potentially affect plasma osmotic pressure, as well as the binding and transport of numerous endogenous and exogenous molecules. Similarly, BQ interacts directly to the GC region of B-DNA particularly in the minor groove which was also assessed by computational docking studies. Isothermal titration calorimetry data suggest higher binding affinity of BQ towards DNA than HSA. Various spectroscopic observations also suggest that BQ binds to DNA preferably in the minor grooves. Thus, the results revealed that BQ may play a key role in inducing mutagenicity, either by formation of adducts on GC regions or by accelerating oxidative damage to biomacromolecules through chemico-biological interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atala B Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India; Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics & Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Rashmi R Samal
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jagneshwar Dandapat
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India; Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics & Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India.
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- Biochemistry & Biophysics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Kar A, Kumari K, Mishra SK, Subudhi U. Self-assembled DNA nanostructure containing oncogenic miRNA-mediated cell proliferation by downregulation of FOXO1 expression. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1332. [PMID: 36539739 PMCID: PMC9764560 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXO1 transcription factor not only limits the cell cycle progression but also promotes cell death as a tumor suppressor protein. Though the expression of FOXO1 is largely examined in breast cancer, the regulation of FOXO1 by miRNA is yet to be explored. In the current study, self-assembled branched DNA (bDNA) nanostructures containing oncogenic miRNAs were designed and transfected to the MCF7 cell line to decipher the FOXO1 expression. bDNA containing oncogenic miRNAs 27a, 96, and 182 synergistically downregulate the expression of FOXO1 in MCF7 cells. The down-regulation is evident both in mRNA and protein levels suggesting that bDNA having miRNA sequences can selectively bind to mRNA and inhibit translation. Secondly, the downstream gene expression of p21 and p27 was also significantly downregulated in presence of miR-bDNA nanostructures. The cell proliferation activity was progressively increased in presence of miR-bDNA nanostructures which confirms the reduced tumor suppression activity of FOXO1 and the downstream gene expression. This finding can be explored to design novel bDNA structures which can downregulate the tumor suppressor proteins in normal cells and induce cell proliferation activity to identify early-phase markers of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Kar
- grid.418808.d0000 0004 1792 1607DNA Nanotechnology and Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, 751013 Bhubaneswar, India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh 201002 Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kanchan Kumari
- grid.418808.d0000 0004 1792 1607DNA Nanotechnology and Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, 751013 Bhubaneswar, India ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Molecular Biology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Sandip K. Mishra
- grid.418782.00000 0004 0504 0781Cancer Biology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, 751023 Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- grid.418808.d0000 0004 1792 1607DNA Nanotechnology and Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, 751013 Bhubaneswar, India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh 201002 Ghaziabad, India
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12
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Jena AB, Rath S, Subudhi U, Dandapat J. Molecular interaction of benzo-a-pyrene inhibits the catalytic activity of catalase: Insights from biophysical and computational studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Bhanjadeo MM, Nial PS, Sathyaseelan C, Singh AK, Dutta J, Rathinavelan T, Subudhi U. Biophysical interaction between lanthanum chloride and (CG) n or (GC) n repeats: A reversible B-to-Z DNA transition. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:698-709. [PMID: 35809677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The transition from right-handed to left-handed DNA is not only acts as the controlling factor for switching gene expression but also has equal importance in designing nanomechanical devices. The (CG)n and (GC)n repeat sequences are well known model molecules to study B-Z transition in the presence of higher concentration of monovalent cations. In this communication, we report a cyclic transition in (CG)6 DNA using millimolar concentration of trivalent lanthanide salt LaCl3. The controlled and reversible transition was seen in (CG)12, and (GC)12 DNA employing CD spectroscopy. While LaCl3 failed to induce B-Z transition in shorter oligonucleotides such as (CG)3 and (GC)3, a smooth B-Z transition was recorded for (CG)6, (CG)12 and (GC)12 sequences. Interestingly, the phenomenon was reversible (Z-B transition) with addition of EDTA. Particularly, two rounds of cyclic transition (B-Z-B-Z-B) have been noticed in (CG)6 DNA in presence of LaCl3 and EDTA which strongly suggest that B-Z transition is reversible in short repeat sequences. Thermal melting and annealing behaviour of B-DNA are reversible while the thermal melting of LaCl3-induced Z-DNA is irreversible which suggest a stronger binding of LaCl3 to the phosphate backbone of Z-DNA. This was further supported by isothermal titration calorimetric study. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation indicates that the mode of binding of La3+ (of LaCl3) with d(CG)8.d(CG)8 is through the minor groove, wherein, 3 out of 11 La3+ bridge the anionic oxygens of the complementary strands. Such a tight coordination of La3+ with the anionic oxygens at the minor groove surface may be the reason for the experimentally observed irreversibility of LaCl3-induced Z-DNA seen in longer DNA fragments. Thus, these results indicate LaCl3 can easily be adopted as an inducer of left-handed DNA in other short oligonucleotides sequences to facilitate the understanding of the molecular mechanism of B-Z transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhabi M Bhanjadeo
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Partha S Nial
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chakkarai Sathyaseelan
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi Campus, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Ajit K Singh
- Structural Biology Laboratory, DBT-Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751023, India; Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05405, USA
| | - Juhi Dutta
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education & Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, India; Homi Bhaba National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | | | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Naushin S, Sardana V, Ujjainiya R, Bhatheja N, Kutum R, Bhaskar AK, Pradhan S, Prakash S, Khan R, Rawat BS, Tallapaka KB, Anumalla M, Chandak GR, Lahiri A, Kar S, Mulay SR, Mugale MN, Srivastava M, Khan S, Srivastava A, Tomar B, Veerapandian M, Venkatachalam G, Vijayakumar SR, Agarwal A, Gupta D, Halami PM, Peddha MS, Sundaram GM, Veeranna RP, Pal A, Agarwal VK, Maurya AK, Singh RK, Raman AK, Anandasadagopan SK, Karuppanan P, Venkatesan S, Sardana HK, Kothari A, Jain R, Thakur A, Parihar DS, Saifi A, Kaur J, Kumar V, Mishra A, Gogeri I, Rayasam G, Singh P, Chakraborty R, Chaturvedi G, Karunakar P, Yadav R, Singhmar S, Singh D, Sarkar S, Bhattacharya P, Acharya S, Singh V, Verma S, Soni D, Seth S, Vashisht S, Thakran S, Fatima F, Singh AP, Sharma A, Sharma B, Subramanian M, Padwad YS, Hallan V, Patial V, Singh D, Tripude NV, Chakrabarti P, Maity SK, Ganguly D, Sarkar J, Ramakrishna S, Kumar BN, Kumar KA, Gandhi SG, Jamwal PS, Chouhan R, Jamwal VL, Kapoor N, Ghosh D, Thakkar G, Subudhi U, Sen P, Chaudhury SR, Kumar R, Gupta P, Tuli A, Sharma D, Ringe RP, D A, Kulkarni M, Shanmugam D, Dharne MS, Dastager SG, Joshi R, Patil AP, Mahajan SN, Khan AH, Wagh V, Yadav RK, Khilari A, Bhadange M, Chaurasiya AH, Kulsange SE, Khairnar K, Paranjape S, Kalita J, Sastry NG, Phukan T, Manna P, Romi W, Bharali P, Ozah D, Sahu RK, Babu EVSSK, Sukumaran R, Nair AR, Valappil PK, Puthiyamadam A, Velayudhanpillai A, Chodankar K, Damare S, Madhavi Y, Aggarwal VV, Dahiya S, Agrawal A, Dash D, Sengupta S. Insights from a Pan India Sero-Epidemiological survey (Phenome-India Cohort) for SARS-CoV2. eLife 2021; 10:e66537. [PMID: 33876727 PMCID: PMC8118652 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the spread of SARS-CoV2, in August and September 2020, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (India) conducted a serosurvey across its constituent laboratories and centers across India. Of 10,427 volunteers, 1058 (10.14%) tested positive for SARS-CoV2 anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) antibodies, 95% of which had surrogate neutralization activity. Three-fourth of these recalled no symptoms. Repeat serology tests at 3 (n = 607) and 6 (n = 175) months showed stable anti-NC antibodies but declining neutralization activity. Local seropositivity was higher in densely populated cities and was inversely correlated with a 30-day change in regional test positivity rates (TPRs). Regional seropositivity above 10% was associated with declining TPR. Personal factors associated with higher odds of seropositivity were high-exposure work (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, p value: 2.23, 1.92-2.59, <0.0001), use of public transport (1.79, 1.43-2.24, <0.0001), not smoking (1.52, 1.16-1.99, 0.0257), non-vegetarian diet (1.67, 1.41-1.99, <0.0001), and B blood group (1.36, 1.15-1.61, 0.001).
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Baral B, Dutta J, Subudhi U. Biophysical interaction between self-assembled branched DNA nanostructures with bovine serum albumin and bovine liver catalase. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 177:119-128. [PMID: 33609575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Branched DNA (bDNA) nanostructures have emerged as self-assembled biomaterials and are being considered for biomedical applications. Herein, we report the biophysical interaction between self-assembled bDNA nanostructure with circulating protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) and cellular enzyme bovine liver catalase (BLC). The binding between bDNA and BSA or BLC was confirmed through the decrease in fluorescence spectra. The Stern-Volmer data supports for non-covalent bonding with ~1 binding site in case of BSA and BLC thus advocating a static binding. Furthermore, FTIR and ITC study confirmed the binding of bDNAs with proteins through hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interaction. The negative free energy observed in ITC represent spontaneous reaction for BLC-bDNA interaction. The biophysical interaction between bDNA nanostructures and proteins was also supported by DLS and zeta potential measurement. With an increase in bDNA concentrations up to 100 nM, no significant change in absorbance and CD spectra was observed for both BLC and BSA which suggests structural stability and unaffected secondary conformation of proteins in presence of bDNA. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of BLC was unaltered in presence of bDNAscr even with increasing the incubation period from 1 h to 24 h. Interestingly, the time-dependent decrease in activity of BLC was protected by bDNAmix. The thermal melting study suggests a higher Tm value for proteins in presence of bDNAmix which demonstrates that interaction with bDNAmix increases the thermal stability of proteins. Collectively these data suggest that self-assembled DNA nanostructure may bind to BSA for facilitating circulation in plasma or binding to intracellular proteins like BLC for stabilization, however the secondary conformation of protein or catalytic activity of enzyme is unaltered in presence of bDNA nanostructure. Thus, the newly established genomic sequence-driven self-assembled DNA nanostructure can be explored for in vitro or in vivo experimental work in recent future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bineeth Baral
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Juhi Dutta
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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16
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Kumari K, Kar A, Nayak AK, Mishra SK, Subudhi U. miRNA-mediated alteration of sulfatase modifying factor 1 expression using self-assembled branched DNA nanostructures. RSC Adv 2021; 11:10670-10680. [PMID: 35423539 PMCID: PMC8695627 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10733f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfatase enzymes catalyze sulfate ester hydrolysis, thus deficiencies of sulfatases lead to the accumulation of biomolecules resulting in several disorders. One of the important sulfatases is estrone sulfatase that converts inactive estrone sulfate to active estradiol. Posttranslational modification of highly conserved cysteine residue leads to unique formylglycine in the active site of sulfatases being critical for its catalytic activity. The essential factor responsible for this modification of sulfatase is Sulfatase-Modifying Factor 1 (SUMF1). The role of estrone sulfatase is well evident in breast cancer progression. However, the function and regulation of SUMF1 in cancer are not studied. In the present study, for the first time, we have assessed the expression of SUMF1 in breast cancer and report the oncogenic behavior upon overexpression of SUMF1. Although increased expression or activity of SUMF1 is anticipated based on its function, the expression of SUMF1 was found to be reduced in breast cancer cells at both mRNA and protein levels. An estrogen receptor (ER) dependent expression of SUMF1 was observed and higher SUMF1 expression is associated with improved breast cancer patient survival in ER-positive cases. However, high SUMF1 expression leads to reduced median survival in ER-negative breast cancer patients. Putative binding sites for miRNAs-106b-5p, 128-3p and 148b-3p were found at 3′-UTR of SUMF1. Since self-assembled branched DNA (bDNA) structures have emerged as a highly efficient strategy for targeting multiple miRNAs simultaneously, we studied the alteration in SUMF1 expression using bDNA nanostructures with a complementary sequence to miRNAs. The findings suggest the involvement of co-regulators and repressors in miRNA-mediated SUMF1 expression in breast cancer cells and reveal the therapeutic potential of SUMF1 in endocrine-related malignancies. Reduced expression of SUMF1 was evidenced in MCF-7 cells transfected with antimiR-bDNA. Expression of miRNA-106 and 148 have positive correlation with the expression of SUMF1. miRNA-106 and 148 blocks the repressor protein controls SUMF-1 expression.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Kumari
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology
- Bhubaneswar
- India
- Department of Molecular Biology
| | - Avishek Kar
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology
- Bhubaneswar
- India
| | - Ashok K. Nayak
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology
- Bhubaneswar
- India
| | - Sandip K. Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory
- Institute of Life Sciences
- Bhubaneswar
- India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology
- Bhubaneswar
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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17
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Kumari K, Chainy GB, Subudhi U. Prospective role of thyroid disorders in monitoring COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05712. [PMID: 33344794 PMCID: PMC7733548 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 200 countries and 1.3 million individuals have deceased within eleven months. Intense research on COVID-19 occurrence and prevalence enable us to understand that comorbidities play a crucial role in spread and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Chronic kidney disease, diabetes, respiratory diseases and hypertension are among the various morbidities that are prevalent in symptomatic COVID-19 patients. However, the effect of altered thyroid-driven disorders cannot be ignored. Since thyroid hormone critically coordinate and regulate the major metabolism and biochemical pathways, this review is on the potential role of prevailing thyroid disorders in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Direct link of thyroid hormone with several disorders such as diabetes, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, kidney and liver disorders etc. suggests that the prevailing thyroid conditions may affect SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further, we discuss the oxidative stress-induced aging is associated with the degree of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Importantly, ACE2 protein which facilitates the host-cell entry of SARS-CoV-2 using the spike protein, are highly expressed in individuals with abnormal level of thyroid hormone. Altogether, we report that the malfunction of thyroid hormone synthesis may aggravate SARS-CoV-2 infection and thus monitoring the thyroid hormone may help in understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Kumari
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umea University, Sweden
| | - Gagan B.N. Chainy
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India
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18
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Jena AB, Samal RR, Kumari K, Pradhan J, Chainy GBN, Subudhi U, Pal S, Dandapat J. The benzene metabolite p-benzoquinone inhibits the catalytic activity of bovine liver catalase: A biophysical study. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:871-880. [PMID: 33181220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The current communication reports the inhibitory effect of para-benzoquinone (p-BQ) on the structure and function of bovine liver catalase (BLC), a vital antioxidant enzyme. Both BLC and p-BQ were dissolved in respective buffers and the biophysical interaction was studied at physiological concentrations. For the first time our data reveals an enthalpy-driven interaction between BLC and p-BQ which is due to hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. The binding affinity of p-BQ with BLC is nearly 2.5 folds stronger in MOPS buffer than Phosphate buffer. Importantly, the binding affinity between BLC and p-BQ was weak in HEPES buffer as compared to other buffers being the strongest in Tris buffer. Molecular docking studies reveal that binding affinity of p-BQ with BLC differ depending upon the nature of buffers rather than on the participating amino acid residues of BLC. This is further supported by the differential changes in secondary structures of BLC. The p-BQ-induced conformational change in BLC was evident from the reduced BLC activity in presence of different buffers in the following order, Phosphate>MOPS>Tris>HEPES. The absorbance peak of BLC was gradually increased and fluorescence spectra of BLC were drastically decreased when BLC to p-BQ molar ratio was incrementally enhanced from 0 to 10,000 times in presence of all buffers. Nevertheless, the declined activity of BLC was positively correlated with the reduced fluorescence and negatively correlated with the enhanced absorbance. Electrochemical study with cyclic voltammeter also suggests a direct binding of p-BQ with BLC in presence of different buffers. Thus, p-BQ-mediated altered secondary structure in BLC results into compromised activity of BLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atala B Jena
- Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics & Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Rashmi R Samal
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Kanchan Kumari
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Jyotsnarani Pradhan
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Gagan B N Chainy
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Satyanarayan Pal
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Jagnehswar Dandapat
- Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics & Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India; Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India.
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Samal RR, Mishra M, Subudhi U. Differential interaction of cerium chloride with bovine liver catalase: A computational and biophysical study. Chemosphere 2020; 239:124769. [PMID: 31526997 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Cerium chloride-induced conformational changes of Bovine Liver Catalase (BLC) has been investigated by molecular docking and further supported by various biophysical techniques. The temporal change of catalytic activity of BLC has also been studied in presence of Ce(III) with different buffer solution in vitro at 25 °C. The differential binding of Ce(III) to BLC observed by simulation study was well supported by the differential regulation of BLC activity in different buffers. After 1 h of incubation with CeCl3, the reduction in activity of BLC was maximum in MOPS, HEPES and Tris buffer, whereas no change in activity was noticed in phosphate buffer. Isothermal Titration Calorimetric (ITC) study also supports the differential binding of Ce(III) to BLC in different buffers. Ce(III)-induced conformational transition in BLC was followed as a function of concentration. Nevertheless, with 24 h incubation of CeCl3 the activity of BLC was highest with higher molar concentration of CeCl3 suggesting the conformational stability of BLC in presence of Ce(III). The compromised activity of BLC in response to Ce(III) is due to the induced conformational change and the degree of change in secondary conformation of BLC was maximum in MOPS, HEPES and Tris and least in phosphate buffer. Therefore, the reduced activity of BLC is controlled by the direct interaction of Ce(III) in the active site of BLC in Tris buffer or indirect interaction of Ce(III) in the non-active site of BLC in MOPS and HEPES buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi R Samal
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751 013, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Madhusmita Mishra
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751 013, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751 013, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Bhanjadeo MM, Baral B, Subudhi U. Sequence-specific B-to-Z transition in self-assembled DNA: A biophysical and thermodynamic study. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:337-345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Nayak
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753 003, India
| | - Sakti Kanta Rath
- Department of Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753 003, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India
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22
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Bhanjadeo MM, Subudhi U. Praseodymium promotes B–Z transition in self-assembled DNA nanostructures. RSC Adv 2019; 9:4616-4620. [PMID: 35520195 PMCID: PMC9060621 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10164g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Millimolar concentrations of PrCl3 can induce sequence-specific B–Z transition in various-self-assembled branched DNA (bDNA) nanostructures. Competitive dye binding and thermal kinetics suggest that the phosphate backbone and grooves of bDNA are wrapped with Pr3+ for stabilizing the Z-bDNA. Application of EDTA can convert Z-DNA back to the B-form. Millimolar concentrations of PrCl3 can induce sequence-specific B–Z transition in various-self-assembled branched DNA (bDNA) nanostructures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhabi M. Bhanjadeo
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology
- Bhubaneswar 751 013
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- DNA Nanotechnology & Application Laboratory
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology
- Bhubaneswar 751 013
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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23
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Sharma S, Samal RR, Subudhi U, Chainy GB. Lanthanum chloride-induced conformational changes of bovine liver catalase: A computational and biophysical study. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:853-860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Nahar S, Nayak AK, Ghosh A, Subudhi U, Maiti S. Enhanced and synergistic downregulation of oncogenic miRNAs by self-assembled branched DNA. Nanoscale 2017; 10:195-202. [PMID: 29210414 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06601e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs, a group of small non-coding RNA molecules, regulate the expression of many genes involved in various cellular processes. Acute evidence suggests that one miRNA can regulate many genes as its targets, while one gene can be targeted by many miRNAs that co-operatively regulate the gene. Thus, targeting a single miRNA is not sufficient enough to rescue the disease phenotype but it is also essential to target multiple miRNAs simultaneously. This inspired us to design a novel DNA nanostructure that can concurrently downregulate multiple oncomiRNAs. Here we designed a programmable antimiR branched DNA (antimiR-bDNA) nanostructure having antimiRNAs for selective binding to oncomiRNAs miRNA-27a, 96 and 182 which collectively downregulate FOXO1a expression. The antimiR-bDNAs show enhanced stability compared to naked antimiRNAs in serum and are able to knockdown these miRNAs with up to ∼50% greater repression as compared to antimiRNAs. This synergistic miRNA repression leads to the restoration of FOXO1a protein levels which in turn inhibit G1-S traversion in cancer cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study harnessing the ability of bDNA structures to silence multiple miRNAs simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nahar
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, Delhi 110025, India.
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Bhanjadeo MM, Nayak AK, Subudhi U. Cerium chloride stimulated controlled conversion of B-to-Z DNA in self-assembled nanostructures. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:916-921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Subudhi U, Chainy GBN. Curcumin and vitamin E modulate hepatic antioxidant gene expression in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:9849-61. [PMID: 22733496 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, regulatory role of vitamin E and curcumin on antioxidant gene (AOG) expression in hypothyroid rat liver is reported. Adult male rats were rendered hypothyroid by administration of 0.05 % 6-propyl-thiouracil in their drinking water, while vitamin E (200 mg/kg body weight) and curcumin (30 mg/kg body weight) were supplemented orally for 30 days. Expression of antioxidant genes (Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase; SOD1, Mn superoxide dismutase; SOD2, catalase; CAT, glutathione peroxidase; GPx1 and glutathione reductase; GR) was evaluated using RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were measured in mitochondrial fraction (MF) and post-mitochondrial fraction (PMF) of rat liver. In addition measurement of glutathione redox status was also carried out in both the fractions. The enhanced transcripts of CAT, GPx1 and GR in hypothyroid rat liver were alleviated by administration of vitamin E and curcumin. Elevated levels of translated product of all AOGs in hypothyroid group were remained unchanged after antioxidant administration. However, enhanced SOD1, GPx1 and decreased GR activities in PMF were normalized by vitamin E and curcumin. Similarly the increased SOD2, GPx1 and decreased CAT activities in MF were also normalized by vitamin E and curcumin supplementation. Administration of vitamin E and curcumin enhanced mitochondrial GSH level; whereas the enhanced GSH level in PMF of hypothyroid rats was alleviated by vitamin E. Thus it can be concluded that besides the antioxidant role of vitamin E and curcumin, they also regulate hepatic antioxidant gene expression in hypothyroid rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Subudhi
- Bioresources Engineering Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, Odisha, India.
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Biswal N, Martha S, Subudhi U, Parida K. Incorporation of Silver Ions into Zirconium Titanium Phosphate: A Novel Approach toward Antibacterial Activity. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie102199b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Biswal
- Colloids and Materials Chemistry Department, ‡Bioresources Engineering Department, Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (CSIR), Bhubaneswar, 751 013, Orissa, India
| | - Satyabadi Martha
- Colloids and Materials Chemistry Department, ‡Bioresources Engineering Department, Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (CSIR), Bhubaneswar, 751 013, Orissa, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- Colloids and Materials Chemistry Department, ‡Bioresources Engineering Department, Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (CSIR), Bhubaneswar, 751 013, Orissa, India
| | - Kulamani Parida
- Colloids and Materials Chemistry Department, ‡Bioresources Engineering Department, Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (CSIR), Bhubaneswar, 751 013, Orissa, India
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Subudhi U, Chainy GB. Expression of hepatic antioxidant genes in l-thyroxine-induced hyperthyroid rats: Regulation by vitamin E and curcumin. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 183:304-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Revised: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Subudhi U, Das K, Paital B, Bhanja S, Chainy GBN. Supplementation of curcumin and vitamin E enhances oxidative stress, but restores hepatic histoarchitecture in hypothyroid rats. Life Sci 2009; 84:372-9. [PMID: 19174171 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2008.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Revised: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In the present study, the effects of vitamin E and curcumin on hepatic dysfunction, mitochondrial oxygen consumption as well as hyperlipidemia in hypothyroid rats are reported. MAIN METHODS Adult male rats were rendered hypothyroid by administration of 0.05% 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) in their drinking water, while vitamin E (200 mg/kg body weight) and curcumin (30 mg/kg body weight) were supplemented orally for 30 days. KEY FINDINGS Hypothyroidism-induced elevation in serum aspartate aminotransferase activity was found to decline in vitamin E and curcumin treated rats. Nevertheless, distorted histoarchitecture revealed in hypothyroid rat liver was alleviated to normal by vitamin E and curcumin treatment. Regulation of hypothyroidism induced decrease in complexes I and II mediated mitochondrial respiration by vitamin E and curcumin was found to be different. Administration of curcumin to hypothyroid rats alleviates the decreased state 4 respiration and increased respiratory control ratio (RCR) level in complex I mediated mitochondrial oxygen consumption, whereas complex II mediated respiration was not influenced by exogenous antioxidants. Although, increase in serum concentration of total cholesterol was not modified by exogenous antioxidants, increased level of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in serum of hypothyroid rats was further enhanced by vitamin E and curcumin. Moreover, a significant elevation in mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation was noticed in hypothyroid groups treated with vitamin E and curcumin. SIGNIFICANCE The present study suggests that supplementation of curcumin and vitamin E enhances oxidative stress parameters and hyperlipidemia; nevertheless, it protects hypothyroid-induced altered rectal temperature, serum transaminase activity and hepatic histoarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakanta Subudhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751 004, Orissa, India
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Subudhi U, Das K, Paital B, Bhanja S, Chainy GBN. Alleviation of enhanced oxidative stress and oxygen consumption of L-thyroxine induced hyperthyroid rat liver mitochondria by vitamin E and curcumin. Chem Biol Interact 2008; 173:105-14. [PMID: 18377885 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2007] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the role of vitamin E and curcumin on hyperthyroidism induced mitochondrial oxygen consumption and oxidative damage to lipids and proteins of rat liver are reported. Adult male rats were rendered hyperthyroid by administration of 0.0012% l-thyroxine in their drinking water, while vitamin E (200 mg/kg body weight) and curcumin (30 mg/kg body weight) were supplemented orally for 30 days. Hyperthyroidism induced elevation in serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were reduced significantly in response to vitamin E and curcumin treatment. On the other hand, effects of vitamin E and curcumin on hyperthyroidism induced hepatic complexes I and II mediated respiration were found to be different. While curcumin administration ameliorates hyperthyroidism induced state 3 and state 4 respiration in complex I, vitamin E treatment was effective only in reducing state 4 respiration of complex I. On the contrary, curcumin administration was ineffective in modulating hyperthyroidism induced complex II respiration, but vitamin E treatment to hyperthyroid rats resulted in augmentation of complex II respiration both at state 3 and state 4 level. Moreover, vitamin E and curcumin treatment resulted in alleviation of hyperthyroidism induced lipid peroxidation. Enhanced protein carbonylation in hyperthyroid rats is decreased only in response to simultaneous supplementation of vitamin E and curcumin. Above findings suggest that both vitamin E and curcumin have differential regulation on complexes I and II mediated mitochondrial respiration and have a protective role against L-thyroxine induced hepatic dysfunction and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Subudhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Orissa, India
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Chattopadhyay S, Sahoo DK, Subudhi U, Chainy GBN. Differential expression profiles of antioxidant enzymes and glutathione redox status in hyperthyroid rats: a temporal analysis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2007; 146:383-91. [PMID: 17561443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2007.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Revised: 04/21/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to elucidate a temporal profile of expression of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) and glutathione redox status in rat liver under the influence of thyroid hormone (T3). The key AOEs, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1) and glutathione reductase (GR) were characterized at transcriptional, translational and biochemical levels after 24 h, 72 h and 120 h of treatment. In general, catalase and GPx-1 showed opposite responses in both transcription and translation. T3 treatment caused tightly coordinated downregulation of catalase. However, transcriptional changes of other AOEs over the different durations of treatment were not always reflected in their respective protein and/or activity levels. Discordance among transcripts, proteins and biological activities of AOEs suggested differential regulation by T3 at multiple levels. Reduced and oxidized glutathione were depleted in hyperthyroid rats. Though T3 exerted a positive stimulatory effect on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, it was not sufficient to compensate for massive glutathione depletion and impaired activities of GPx-1, GR and GST, disturbing the cellular redox status in the process. Apparently, while transcriptional induction of AOEs might be adaptive responses in conditions of oxidative stress, yet post-transcriptional regulation appeared to be the predominant mechanism of regulation of AOE expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chattopadhyay
- Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751 004, India
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Sar P, Rath B, Subudhi U, Chainy GBN, Supakar PC. Alterations in expression of senescence marker protein-30 gene by 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3). Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 303:239-42. [PMID: 17426926 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-007-9462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 03/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (T3) is essential for normal development, differentiation, and metabolic balance of the body. A toxic dose of T(3) in animals increases the basal metabolic rate and reactive oxygen species production, resulting more oxidative stress through Ca(2+) influx to cytoplasm. Senescence Marker Protein-30 (SMP30) is preferentially expressed in the liver and protects cells against various injuries by enhancement of Ca(2+) efflux to either extra cellular space or intraorganellar spaces through membrane Ca(2+) pump activity. In this paper we report an alteration in the level of SMP30 gene expression using RT-PCR and western blot analysis in T(3) treated female Wistar rats. The results indicate that there is an induction of SMP30 expression during early hours of T(3 )treatment and it declines in severe hyperthyroidism. Therefore, we speculate that SMP30 is regulated by T(3) and might play a protective role in hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranati Sar
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Orissa, India
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Subudhi U, Chainy GBN, Mohanty P. Kinetics and mechanism of reduction of ferricytochrome c by glutathione and L-cysteine: a comparative study. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2006; 43:37-40. [PMID: 16955750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics and mechanism of the reduction of ferricytochrome c [Cyt c(III)] by substrates namely glutathione (GSH) and L-cysteine (L-cys) have been investigated spectrophotometrically employing [substrate]T >> [Cyt c(III)]T. The reaction exhibits first order dependence in [substrate]T and [Cyt c(III)]T. The pseudo-first order rate constant increases with an increase in pH, indicating that the conjugate base form of the HCyt c(III) is a better oxidant than the parent HCyt c(III). The electron transfer rate constants between the oxidants and GSH for both the k1 and k2 paths are found to be greater than that with L-cysteine. Hence, GSH is a better reductant of Cyt c(III) as compared to L-cysteine. A suitable mechanism has been proposed on the basis of experimental findings. The deprotonation constant for HCyt c(III) and the second order rate constants of k1 and k2 paths for the present reaction at 25 degrees C have been determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Subudhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India
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