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Haferkamp U, Hartmann C, Abid CL, Brachner A, Höchner A, Gerhartl A, Harwardt B, Leckzik S, Leu J, Metzger M, Nastainczyk-Wulf M, Neuhaus W, Oerter S, Pless O, Rujescu D, Jung M, Appelt-Menzel A. Human isogenic cells of the neurovascular unit exert transcriptomic cell type-specific effects on a blood-brain barrier in vitro model of late-onset Alzheimer disease. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:78. [PMID: 37907966 PMCID: PMC10617216 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is impaired in late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD), but the associated molecular mechanisms, particularly with respect to the high-risk APOE4/4 genotype, are not well understood. For this purpose, we developed a multicellular isogenic model of the neurovascular unit (NVU) based on human induced pluripotent stem cells. METHODS The human NVU was modeled in vitro using isogenic co-cultures of astrocytes, brain capillary endothelial-like cells (BCECs), microglia-like cells, neural stem cells (NSCs), and pericytes. Physiological and pathophysiological properties were investigated as well as the influence of each single cell type on the characteristics and function of BCECs. The barriers established by BCECs were analyzed for specific gene transcription using high-throughput quantitative PCR. RESULTS Co-cultures were found to tighten the barrier of BCECs and alter its transcriptomic profile under both healthy and disease conditions. In vitro differentiation of brain cell types that constitute the NVU was not affected by the LOAD background. The supportive effect of NSCs on the barrier established by BCECs was diminished under LOAD conditions. Transcriptomes of LOAD BCECs were modulated by different brain cell types. NSCs were found to have the strongest effect on BCEC gene regulation and maintenance of the BBB. Co-cultures showed cell type-specific functional contributions to BBB integrity under healthy and LOAD conditions. CONCLUSIONS Cell type-dependent transcriptional effects on LOAD BCECs were identified. Our study suggests that different brain cell types of the NVU have unique roles in maintaining barrier integrity that vary under healthy and LOAD conditions. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, 22525, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carla Hartmann
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chaudhry Luqman Abid
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Brachner
- Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, 1210, Austria
| | - Alevtina Höchner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Gerhartl
- Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, 1210, Austria
| | - Bernadette Harwardt
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Selin Leckzik
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jennifer Leu
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, 22525, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marco Metzger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Winfried Neuhaus
- Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, 1210, Austria
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems, 3500, Austria
| | - Sabrina Oerter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, 22525, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of General Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Matthias Jung
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty of the Martin, Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Antje Appelt-Menzel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), 97070, Würzburg, Germany.
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.
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Jung M, Hartmann C, Ehrhardt T, Peter LM, Luqman Abid C, Harwardt B, Hirschfeld J, Claus C, Haferkamp U, Pless O, Nastainczyk–Wulf M, Kehlen A, Schlote D, Schroder IS, Rujescu D. Generation of a set of induced pluripotent stem cell lines from two Alzheimer disease patients carrying APOE4 (MLUi007-J; MLUi008-A) and healthy old donors carrying APOE3 (MLUi009-A; MLUi010-B) to study APOE in aging and disease. Stem Cell Res 2023; 69:103072. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
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Zink A, Haferkamp U, Wittich A, Beller M, Pless O, Prigione A. High-content screening of mitochondrial polarization in neural cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101602. [PMID: 35959496 PMCID: PMC9361325 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a high-content screening (HCS) protocol for quantifying mitochondrial activity in live neural cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The assessment is based on mitochondrial membrane potential, which is influenced by the efficiency of mitochondrial bioenergetics. We describe how to perform the analysis using both an HCS platform and the open-source software CellProfiler. The protocol can identify the mitochondrial fitness of human neurons and may be used to carry out high-throughput compound screenings in patient-derived neural cells. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Lorenz et al. (2017) and Zink et al. (2020). High-content screening (HCS) of live neural cells derived from human iPSCs Assessment of mitochondrial activity based on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) Quantification using automated microscopic image analysis Data analysis using both an HCS system and the open-source software CellProfiler
Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.
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Rothammer N, Woo MS, Bauer S, Binkle-Ladisch L, Di Liberto G, Egervari K, Wagner I, Haferkamp U, Pless O, Merkler D, Engler JB, Friese MA. G9a dictates neuronal vulnerability to inflammatory stress via transcriptional control of ferroptosis. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabm5500. [PMID: 35930635 PMCID: PMC9355351 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation leads to neuronal stress responses that contribute to neuronal dysfunction and loss. However, treatments that stabilize neurons and prevent their destruction are still lacking. Here, we identify the histone methyltransferase G9a as a druggable epigenetic regulator of neuronal vulnerability to inflammation. In murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and human multiple sclerosis (MS), we found that the G9a-catalyzed repressive epigenetic mark H3K9me2 was robustly induced by neuroinflammation. G9a activity repressed anti-ferroptotic genes, diminished intracellular glutathione levels, and triggered the iron-dependent programmed cell death pathway ferroptosis. Conversely, pharmacological treatment of EAE mice with a G9a inhibitor restored anti-ferroptotic gene expression, reduced inflammation-induced neuronal loss, and improved clinical outcome. Similarly, neuronal anti-ferroptotic gene expression was reduced in MS brain tissue and was boosted by G9a inhibition in human neuronal cultures. This study identifies G9a as a critical transcriptional enhancer of neuronal ferroptosis and potential therapeutic target to counteract inflammation-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Rothammer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel S. Woo
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Bauer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Binkle-Ladisch
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Di Liberto
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kristof Egervari
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ingrid Wagner
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doron Merkler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jan Broder Engler
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel A. Friese
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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Niesen J, Krüger C, Kreuter N, Haferkamp U, Pless O, Schüller U. IMMU-02. Targeted innovative antibody fragment-based immunotherapy for medulloblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9164860 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac079.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor accounting for ~20 % of childhood brain tumors. One third of all MB are characterized by constitutive activation of the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH)-signaling pathway. This tumor type shows overexpression of the epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR), which we detected in SHH-MB patient samples, transgenic SHH MB mouse models, and MB-cell lines. In contrast, non-neoplastic cells only express EGFR at low levels. Intensive radio-/chemotherapy often leaves the young patients with significant long-term burdens including problems in brain development and cognitive deficits. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new targeted therapies that can prevent tumor recurrence without affecting healthy cells. We selected EGFR as a potential therapy target using EGFR-specific antibody fragments (scFvs) as part of immunoconjugates, namely bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) and immunotoxins (ITs). Both, the EGFR-specific BiTEs and the ITs showed specific binding and cytotoxic activity in MB cells. Effector- and target-cell specificity was demonstrated via flow cytometry for the BiTEs. BiTEs and ITs selectively killed MB-tumor cells and showed pro-apoptotic effects without unspecific effects. Furthermore, preliminary results from an innovative hiPSC-based in vitro-BBB-model suggest, that the ITs are able to cross the BBB. Finally, by having a functional cloning- and expression system for the BiTEs and ITs available, target-scFvs can be easily exchanged by novel antigens or peptides to obtain additional targeted immunotherapies. Together, these results pave the way for preclinical in vivo experiments and future clinical trials in patients with SHH MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Niesen
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Centre HaTriCS, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, (Research Institute Children’s Cancer Centre Hamburg) , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Christina Krüger
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Centre Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Naomé Kreuter
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Centre Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (Research Institute Children’s Cancer Centre Hamburg) , Hamburg , Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
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Krasemann S, Haferkamp U, Pfefferle S, Woo MS, Heinrich F, Schweizer M, Appelt-Menzel A, Cubukova A, Barenberg J, Leu J, Hartmann K, Thies E, Littau JL, Sepulveda-Falla D, Zhang L, Ton K, Liang Y, Matschke J, Ricklefs F, Sauvigny T, Sperhake J, Fitzek A, Gerhartl A, Brachner A, Geiger N, König EM, Bodem J, Franzenburg S, Franke A, Moese S, Müller FJ, Geisslinger G, Claussen C, Kannt A, Zaliani A, Gribbon P, Ondruschka B, Neuhaus W, Friese MA, Glatzel M, Pless O. The blood-brain barrier is dysregulated in COVID-19 and serves as a CNS entry route for SARS-CoV-2. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:307-320. [PMID: 35063125 PMCID: PMC8772030 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological complications are common in COVID-19. Although SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in patients’ brain tissues, its entry routes and resulting consequences are not well understood. Here, we show a pronounced upregulation of interferon signaling pathways of the neurovascular unit in fatal COVID-19. By investigating the susceptibility of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived brain capillary endothelial-like cells (BCECs) to SARS-CoV-2 infection, we found that BCECs were infected and recapitulated transcriptional changes detected in vivo. While BCECs were not compromised in their paracellular tightness, we found SARS-CoV-2 in the basolateral compartment in transwell assays after apical infection, suggesting active replication and transcellular transport of virus across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro. Moreover, entry of SARS-CoV-2 into BCECs could be reduced by anti-spike-, anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-, and anti-neuropilin-1 (NRP1)-specific antibodies or the transmembrane protease serine subtype 2 (TMPRSS2) inhibitor nafamostat. Together, our data provide strong support for SARS-CoV-2 brain entry across the BBB resulting in increased interferon signaling. IFNγ signaling is upregulated in COVID-19 human neurovascular unit SARS-CoV-2-infected hiPS-BCECs display similar upregulation of IFNγ signaling SARS-CoV-2 replicates in hiPS-BCECs and is released while barrier remains intact SARS-CoV-2 infection of hiPS-BCECs is decreased by antibodies and protease inhibitors
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Harberts J, Bours K, Siegmund M, Hedrich C, Glatza M, Schöler HR, Haferkamp U, Pless O, Zierold R, Blick RH. Culturing human iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells on nanowire arrays: mapping the impact of nanowire length and array pitch on proliferation, viability, and membrane deformation. Nanoscale 2021; 13:20052-20066. [PMID: 34842880 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04352h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanowire arrays used as cell culture substrates build a potent tool for advanced biological applications such as cargo delivery and biosensing. The unique topography of nanowire arrays, however, renders them a challenging growth environment for cells and explains why only basic cell lines have been employed in existing studies. Here, we present the culturing of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells on rectangularly arranged nanowire arrays: In detail, we mapped the impact on proliferation, viability, and topography-induced membrane deformation across a multitude of array pitches (1, 3, 5, 10 μm) and nanowire lengths (1.5, 3, 5 μm). Against the intuitive expectation, a reduced proliferation was found on the arrays with the smallest array pitch of 1 μm and long NWs. Typically, cells settle in a fakir-like state on such densely-spaced nanowires and thus experience no substantial stress caused by nanowires indenting the cell membrane. However, imaging of F-actin showed a distinct reorganization of the cytoskeleton along the nanowire tips in the case of small array pitches interfering with regular proliferation. For larger pitches, the cell numbers depend on the NW lengths but proliferation generally continued although heavy deformations of the cell membrane were observed caused by the encapsulation of the nanowires. Moreover, we noticed a strong interaction of the nanowires with the nucleus in terms of squeezing and indenting. Remarkably, the cell viability is maintained at about 85% despite the massive deformation of the cells. Considering the enormous potential of human induced stem cells to study neurodegenerative diseases and the high cellular viability combined with a strong interaction with nanowire arrays, we believe that our results pave the way to apply nanowire arrays to human stem cells for future applications in stem cell research and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jann Harberts
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Katja Bours
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Malte Siegmund
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Carina Hedrich
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Glatza
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans R Schöler
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zierold
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Robert H Blick
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
- Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Appelt-Menzel A, Oerter S, Mathew S, Haferkamp U, Hartmann C, Jung M, Neuhaus W, Pless O. Human iPSC-Derived Blood-Brain Barrier Models: Valuable Tools for Preclinical Drug Discovery and Development? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 55:e122. [PMID: 32956578 DOI: 10.1002/cpsc.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Translating basic biological knowledge into applications remains a key issue for effectively tackling neurodegenerative, neuroinflammatory, or neuroendocrine disorders. Efficient delivery of therapeutics across the neuroprotective blood-brain barrier (BBB) still poses a demanding challenge for drug development targeting central nervous system diseases. Validated in vitro models of the BBB could facilitate effective testing of drug candidates targeting the brain early in the drug discovery process during lead generation. We here review the potential of mono- or (isogenic) co-culture BBB models based on brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), and compare them to several available BBB in vitro models from primary human or non-human cells and to rodent in vivo models, as well as to classical and widely used barrier models [Caco-2, parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA)]. In particular, we are discussing the features and predictivity of these models and how hiPSC-derived BBB models could impact future discovery and development of novel CNS-targeting therapeutics. © 2020 The Authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Appelt-Menzel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), Röntgenring 11, Würzburg, Germany.,University Hospital Würzburg, Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), Röntgenring 11, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Oerter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), Röntgenring 11, Würzburg, Germany.,University Hospital Würzburg, Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), Röntgenring 11, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sanjana Mathew
- University Hospital Würzburg, Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), Röntgenring 11, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer IME ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carla Hartmann
- University Hospital Halle, University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatic Medicine, Julius-Kuehn-Strasse 7, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Jung
- University Hospital Halle, University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatic Medicine, Julius-Kuehn-Strasse 7, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Winfried Neuhaus
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Giefinggasse 4, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer IME ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, Hamburg, Germany
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Woo MS, Ufer F, Rothammer N, Di Liberto G, Binkle L, Haferkamp U, Sonner JK, Engler JB, Hornig S, Bauer S, Wagner I, Egervari K, Raber J, Duvoisin RM, Pless O, Merkler D, Friese MA. Neuronal metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 protects against neurodegeneration in CNS inflammation. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20201290. [PMID: 33661276 PMCID: PMC7938362 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system with continuous neuronal loss. Treatment of clinical progression remains challenging due to lack of insights into inflammation-induced neurodegenerative pathways. Here, we show that an imbalance in the neuronal receptor interactome is driving glutamate excitotoxicity in neurons of MS patients and identify the MS risk-associated metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) as a decisive modulator. Mechanistically, GRM8 activation counteracted neuronal cAMP accumulation, thereby directly desensitizing the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R). This profoundly limited glutamate-induced calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequent cell death. Notably, we found Grm8-deficient neurons to be more prone to glutamate excitotoxicity, whereas pharmacological activation of GRM8 augmented neuroprotection in mouse and human neurons as well as in a preclinical mouse model of MS. Thus, we demonstrate that GRM8 conveys neuronal resilience to CNS inflammation and is a promising neuroprotective target with broad therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel S. Woo
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friederike Ufer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Rothammer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Di Liberto
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lars Binkle
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana K. Sonner
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Broder Engler
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Hornig
- Experimentelle Neuropädiatrie, Klinik für Kinder und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Bauer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Wagner
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kristof Egervari
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Robert M. Duvoisin
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doron Merkler
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Manuel A. Friese
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Trillhaase A, Schmidt B, Märtens M, Haferkamp U, Erdmann J, Aherrahrou Z. The CAD risk locus 9p21 increases the risk of vascular calcification in an iPSC-derived VSMC model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:166. [PMID: 33676559 PMCID: PMC7936418 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Chromosome locus 9p21 was the first to be associated with increased risk of CAD and coronary artery calcification (CAC). Vascular calcification increases the risk for CAD. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are one of the major cell types involved in the development of vascular calcification. METHODS So far, mainly animal models or primary SMCs have been used to model human vascular calcification. In this study, a human in vitro assay using iPSC-derived VSMCs was developed to examine vascular calcification. Human iPSCs were derived from a healthy non-risk (NR) and risk (R) donor carrying SNPs in the 9p21 locus. Additionally, 9p21 locus knockouts of each donor iPSC line (NR and R) were used. Following differentiation, the iPSC-derived VSMCs were characterized based on cell type, proliferation, and migration rate, along with calcium phosphate (CaP) deposits. CaP deposits were confirmed using Calcein and Alizarin Red S staining and then quantified. RESULTS The data demonstrated significantly more proliferation, migration, and CaP deposition in VSMCs derived from the R and both KO iPSC lines than in those derived from the NR line. Molecular analyses confirmed upregulation of calcification markers. These results are consistent with recent data demonstrating increased calcification when the 9p21 murine ortholog is knocked-out. CONCLUSION Therefore, in conclusion, genetic variation or deletion of the CAD risk locus leads to an increased risk of vascular calcification. This in vitro human iPSC model of calcification could be used to develop new drug screening strategies to combat CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Trillhaase
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Beatrice Schmidt
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Marlon Märtens
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), 22525, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany. .,University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562, Luebeck, Germany.
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Trillhaase A, Haferkamp U, Rangnau A, Märtens M, Schmidt B, Trilck M, Seibler P, Aherrahrou R, Erdmann J, Aherrahrou Z. Retraction notice to "Differentiation of human iPSCs into VSMCs and generation of VSMC-derived calcifying vascular cells" [Stem Cell Res. 31 (2018) 62-70]. Stem Cell Res 2020; 45:101830. [PMID: 32460060 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Trillhaase
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), 22525 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Rangnau
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Marlon Märtens
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Beatrice Schmidt
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Michaela Trilck
- Institute for Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute for Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Redouane Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany.
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Hartmann C, Haferkamp U, Gerhart A, Pfeifer J, Hartmann A, Giegling I, Schuldt B, Müller FJ, Pless O, Neuhaus W, Appelt-Menzel A, Jung M, Rujescu D. Differentiation of disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells into a blood-brain barrier system analyzing the role of APOE4 in Alzheimerʼs disease. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3403052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Hartmann
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - U Haferkamp
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A Gerhart
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - J Pfeifer
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A Hartmann
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - I Giegling
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - B Schuldt
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - F-J Müller
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - O Pless
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - W Neuhaus
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - M Jung
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - D Rujescu
- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Harberts J, Haferkamp U, Haugg S, Fendler C, Lam D, Zierold R, Pless O, Blick RH. Interfacing human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons with designed nanowire arrays as a future platform for medical applications. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:2434-2446. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured substrates such as nanowire arrays form a powerful tool for building next-generation medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jann Harberts
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Haugg
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Cornelius Fendler
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Dennis Lam
- Fraunhofer IME ScreeningPort
- 22525 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Robert Zierold
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer IME ScreeningPort
- 22525 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Robert H. Blick
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
- Material Science and Engineering
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Trillhaase A, Haferkamp U, Rangnau A, Märtens M, Schmidt B, Trilck M, Seibler P, Aherrahrou R, Erdmann J, Aherrahrou Z. Differentiation of human iPSCs into VSMCs and generation of VSMC-derived calcifying vascular cells. Stem Cell Res 2018; 31:62-70. [PMID: 30029055 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification displays a major cause of death worldwide, which involve mainly vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Since 2007, there are increasing numbers of protocols to obtain different cell types from human induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), however a protocol for calcification is missing. Few protocols exist today for the differentiation of iPSCs towards VSMCs and none are known for their calcification. Here we present a protocol for the calcification of iPSC-derived VSMCs. We successfully differentiated iPSCs into VSMCs based on a modified protocol. Calcification in VSMCs is induced by a commercial StemXVivo™ osteogenic medium. Calcification was verified using Calcein and Alizarin Red S staining or Calcium assays, and molecular analyses showed enhanced expression of calcification-associated genes. The presented method could help to study genetic risk variants, using the CRISPR/Cas technology through the introduction of Knockouts or Knockins of risk variants. Finally, this method can be applied for drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Trillhaase
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), 22525Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Rangnau
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Marlon Märtens
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Beatrice Schmidt
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Michaela Trilck
- Institute for Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute for Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Redouane Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22908, USA; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany.
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