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Harnek J, Zoucas E, Sjuve R, Arner A, Ekblad E, Schou H, Perez de Sá V, Stenram U. Local infusion of the nitric oxide donor sin-1 after angioplasty: Effects on intimal hyperplasia in porcine coronary arteries. Acta Radiol 2016; 44:395-402. [PMID: 12846690 DOI: 10.1080/j.1600-0455.2003.00079.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the development of intimal hyperplasia in response to percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) followed by local delivery of the nitric oxide (NO) donor 3-morpholino-sydnonimine (SIN-1). Material and Methods: Overdilation PTCA was performed in coronary arteries in 20 healthy pigs. One of the dilated segments was additionally treated with local delivery of SIN-1 for 10 min. Segments distal to the treated part of the arteries served as controls. Arteries were radiographically depicted and analyzed after 1 and 8 weeks for actin, myosin and intermediate filaments (IF), nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) and histological evaluation. Results: Segments treated with PTCA+SIN-1 showed a significantly ( p = 0.03) larger luminal diameter compared with PTCA only treated segments. The luminal loss after SIN-1 was not significant compared with the diameter prior to treatment. Endothelial NOS content was significantly lower in the PTCA+SIN-1 group compared with the PTCA group after 1 ( p = 0.03) and 8 weeks ( p = 0.013). IF/actin ratio after 1 week was significantly increased in PTCA-treated segments compared with untreated controls ( p = 0.004), and compared with PTCA+SIN-1-treated segments ( p = 0.004). Conclusion: PTCA-induced intimal hyperplasia was potently inhibited by local delivery of the NO donor SIN-1. Momentary events at the time of injury play a significant role in the development of intimal hyperplasia and long-lasting down-regulation of the endothelial NOS expression after SIN-1 exposure is suggested. The IF/actin ratio can be useful as an early marker of intimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harnek
- Heart Lung Division, Heart Radiology, University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden.
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Abstract
Different sclerosing agents were tried in experiments with 32 pigs to achieve ablation of gallbladders rendered edematous by mechanical lithotripsy with the Rotolith lithotriptor. In 16 pigs sclerotherapy was performed with 6% acetic acid, Carnoy's solution, 95% ethanol + 3% sodium-tetradecylsulfate (STS) and hot metrizoate, respectively. These animals were sacrificed immediately after the procedure. Histologic examination showed persistent surface epithelium and glandular epithelium in all specimens. In 6 pigs, the sclerotherapy was done with Carnoy's solution, 95% ethanol + 3% STS and hot metrizoate, respectively, and the pigs were killed 6 days later. Fibrosis of the gallbladder remnants was seen in these animals, but also remnants of surface and glandular epithelium. Hot metrizoate was used in another 10 pigs and these animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks. At histologic examination fibrosis was seen in the gallbladder remnants of 9 surviving animals, but also areas of preserved muscular layer, and development of mucinous cysts were found in more than 50% of the specimens. Thus, none of the sclerosants was able to produce a total ablation of the gallbladder mucosa.
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Abstract
Chemical ablation of the gallbladder with absolute ethanol and polidocanol 3% was attempted in 23 and 10 pigs, respectively, after open transhepatic cholecystostomy. Absolute ethanol caused complete necrosis of the gallbladder epithelium in 10 pigs and partial necrosis with focally present gallbladder epithelium in 9. An intact epithelium was observed in 4 pigs but it was not possible to determine whether this epithelium was the original one, not affected by the ethanol, or regenerated after previous damage. Gallbladders with hemorrhage and hydrops were frequently encountered. Gallbladders treated with polidocanol all had an intact epithelium.
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Lindberg CG, Lundstedt C, Jeppsson B, Stenram U, Stridbeck H. Sclerotherapy for Ablation of the Gallbladder after Gallstone Lithotripsy with a Mechanical Lithotriptor. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/028418519103200616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemical ablation of the gallbladder with absolute ethanol following mechanical lithotripsy with the RotoLith lithotriptor was attempted in 10 pigs after open cholecystostomy. Two gallbladders removed immediately after the sclerotherapy demonstrated extensive ulcerations of the mucosa with preserved glands and sinuses under the ulcerations. In 8 gallbladders removed 8 weeks after sclerotherapy a gallbladder remnant with hydrops and/or mucus and more or less intact epithelium was seen in all the pigs. In order to prevent regeneration of epithelium from gallbladder sinuses and glands, more effective sclerosing agents must be found.
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Haraldsdóttir KH, Ingvar C, Stenram U, Tranberg KG. Long-term Follow-up After Interstitial Laser Thermotherapy of Breast Cancer. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:6147-6152. [PMID: 26504041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To review the effect of immunological changes induced by interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT) on long-term outcome of patients with breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients with invasive breast cancer were treated with ILT followed by standard surgical excision. Immunohistological reactions on immunocompetent cells were performed on specimens obtained before and after ILT. Follow-up time was 116 (range=91-136) months. RESULTS Significant prognostic factors were histologically-positive axillary lymph nodes and Ki67 positivity. ILT increased cytotoxic T (CD8(+)) lymphocytes within the tumor and mature dendritic cells (CD83(+)) and reduced the number of T-regulatory cells (Treg) CD25(+)/Forkhead box p3(+) (FOXP3(+)) lymphocytes in regional lymph nodes. These changes did not correlate with prognosis. The number of CD8(+) cells within the tumor, both before and after treatment, was significantly higher in patients with recurrence than in those without recurrence (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). Patients with recurrent disease had a lower number of CD57(+) cells in tumor-free lymph nodes than did patients without recurrence (p<0.05). CONCLUSION ILT did not have any long-term adverse effects. The clinical impact of the supposedly favourable immune changes after ILT should be examined in a larger patient population.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/immunology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/therapy
- Carcinoma, Lobular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/secondary
- Carcinoma, Lobular/therapy
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/pathology
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Hyperthermia, Induced/methods
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Laser Therapy/methods
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/immunology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Ingvar
- Department of Surgery, Lund University and Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Unne Stenram
- Department of Pathology, Lund University and Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karl-Göran Tranberg
- Department of Surgery, Lund University and Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Stenram U, Cramnert C. Number of nexin links detectable at standard electron microscopy of normal human nasal cilia and at nexin link deficiency. Cilia 2015. [PMCID: PMC4518897 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2530-4-s1-p64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Cramnert C, Stenram U. Number of nexin links detectable at standard electron microscopy of normal human nasal cilia and at nexin link deficiency. Ultrastruct Pathol 2014; 38:377-81. [PMID: 24971518 DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2014.930081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eleven years ago we had described three patients with missing nexin links as a possible cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). The assumption was substantiated last year by finding a mutation in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We counted the nexin links, inner (IDA) and outer (ODA) dynein arms and microtubuli in each of, if possible, 50 cilia in 41 patients with normal cilia, 4 patients with deficiency of nexin links only and 4 with deficiency of nexin links and IDA. RESULTS In the control group the median number of nexin links was 4.5 per cilium, range 3.4-5.3. In the second group the mean numbers of nexin links per cilium were 1.1-1.4, in the third group 0.8-1.2, per patient. The median number of IDA was in the control group 4.2, range 3.3-5.2. In groups 2 and 3 the numbers were 3.0-3.5 and 0.2-1.0, respectively. Numbers of ODA were normal in all groups. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to reliable count the number of nexin links in nasal human cilia and to distinguish cases with missing nexin links from normal controls.
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Wirschell M, Olbrich H, Werner C, Tritschler D, Bower R, Sale WS, Loges NT, Pennekamp P, Lindberg S, Stenram U, Carlén B, Horak E, Köhler G, Nürnberg P, Nürnberg G, Porter ME, Omran H. The nexin-dynein regulatory complex subunit DRC1 is essential for motile cilia function in algae and humans. Nat Genet 2013; 45:262-8. [PMID: 23354437 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is characterized by dysfunction of respiratory cilia and sperm flagella and random determination of visceral asymmetry. Here, we identify the DRC1 subunit of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC), an axonemal structure critical for the regulation of dynein motors, and show that mutations in the gene encoding DRC1, CCDC164, are involved in PCD pathogenesis. Loss-of-function mutations disrupting DRC1 result in severe defects in assembly of the N-DRC structure and defective ciliary movement in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and humans. Our results highlight a role for N-DRC integrity in regulating ciliary beating and provide the first direct evidence that mutations in DRC genes cause human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Wirschell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Hansson E, Svensson H, Stenram U, Brorson H. Histology of adipose tissue inflammation in Dercum's disease, obesity and normal weight controls: a case control study. J Inflamm (Lond) 2011; 8:24. [PMID: 21955696 PMCID: PMC3195089 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-8-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Dercum's disease (DD) is characterised by obesity and chronic pain (> 3 months) in the adipose tissue. The pathogenesis of DD is unknown, but inflammatory components have been proposed. In previous reports and studies, an inconsistent picture of the histological appearance of the adipose tissue in DD has been described. The aim of this investigation was to examine the histological appearance of adipose tissue in patients with DD, with particular focus on inflammatory signs. Methods Fat biopsies were sampled from painful regions from 53 patients with DD. In 28 of the patients, a control adipose tissue biopsy was taken from a location where the patient did not experience any pain. In addition, fat biopsies were sampled from 41 healthy pain-free obese control patients and 11 healthy pain-free normal weight control patients. The extent of inflammation was evaluated on histological sections stained with haematoxylin-eosin. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the extent of inflammation between the biopsies from the painful knee and the biopsies from the non-painful area (p = 0.5), nor between the biopsies from the abdomen, and the biopsies from the non-painful area (p = 0.4), in patients with DD. A statistically significant difference in extent of inflammation was observed between DD and obese control patients regarding the abdomen (p = 0.022), but not the knee (p = 0.33). There were no differences in extent of inflammation between DD patients and normal weight controls (p = 0.81). Conclusion The findings suggest that there is an inflammatory response in the adipose tissue in DD. However, this response is not more pronounced than that in healthy obese controls. This contradicts inflammation as the aetiology of DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Hansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
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Karagin PH, Stenram U, Wadström T, Ljungh Å. Helicobacter species and gut bacterial DNA in Meckel’s diverticulum and the appendix. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:4104-8. [PMID: 22039324 PMCID: PMC3203361 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i36.4104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To analyse the possible association of various Helicobacter species and certain common gut bacteria in patients with Meckel’s diverticulum and appendicitis.
METHODS: A nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), specific to 16S rRNA of the Helicobacter genus, was performed on paraffin embedded samples, 50 with acute appendicitis, 50 normal appendixes, and 33 Meckel’s diverticulum with gastric heterotopia and/or ulcer. Helicobacter genus positive samples were sequenced for species identification. All samples were also analysed for certain gut bacteria by PCR.
RESULTS: Helicobacter pullorum DNA was found in one out of 33 cases and Enterobacteria in two cases of Meckel’s diverticulum. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was found in three, Enterobacter in 18, and Bacteroides in 19 out of 100 appendix samples by PCR. Enterococcus was not found in any MD or appendix samples. All H. pylori positive cases were from normal appendixes.
CONCLUSION: Helicobacter is not an etiological agent in the pathogenesis of symptomatic Meckel’s diverticulum or in acute appendicitis.
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Harnek J, Zoucas E, de Sá VP, Ekblad E, Arner A, Stenram U. Intimal hyperplasia in balloon dilated coronary arteries is reduced by local delivery of the NO donor, SIN-1 via a cGMP-dependent pathway. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2011; 11:30. [PMID: 21663688 PMCID: PMC3123303 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-11-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To elucidate the mechanism by which local delivery of 3-morpholino-sydnonimine (SIN-1) affects intimal hyperplasia after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Methods Porcine coronary arteries were treated with PTCA and immediately afterwards locally treated for 5 minutes, with a selective cytosolic guanylate cyclase inhibitor, 1 H-(1,2,4)oxadiazole(4,3-alpha)quinoxaline-1-one (ODQ) + SIN-1 or only SIN-1 using a drug delivery-balloon. Arteries were angiographically depicted, morphologically evaluated and analyzed after one and eight weeks for actin, myosin and intermediate filaments (IF) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) contents. Results Luminal diameter after PCI in arteries treated with SIN-1 alone and corrected for age-growth was significantly larger as compared to ODQ + SIN-1 or to controls (p < 0.01). IF/actin ratio after one week in SIN-1 treated segments was not different compared to untreated segments, but was significantly reduced compared to ODQ + SIN-1 treated vessels (p < 0.05). Expression of endothelial NADPH diaphorase activity was significantly lower in untreated segments and in SIN-1 treated segments compared to controls and SIN-1 + ODQ treated arteries (p < 0.01). Restenosis index (p < 0.01) and intimal hyperplasia (p < 0.01) were significantly reduced while the residual lumen was increased (p < 0.01) in SIN-1 segments compared to controls and ODQ + SIN-1 treated vessels. Conclusions After PTCA local delivery of high concentrations of the NO donor SIN-1 for 5 minutes inhibited injury induced neointimal hyperplasia. This favorable effect was abolished by inhibition of guanylyl cyclase indicating mediation of a cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent pathway. The momentary events at the time of injury play crucial role in the ensuring development of intimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Harnek
- Department of Coronary Heart Disease, Skane University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Lunds University, Getingev 4, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden.
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Haraldsdóttir KH, Ivarsson K, Jansner K, Stenram U, Tranberg KG. Changes in immunocompetent cells after interstitial laser thermotherapy of breast cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:847-56. [PMID: 21400025 PMCID: PMC3098997 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-0992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local tumour destruction has been shown to give rise to changes in immunocompetent cells. The aim of this study was to describe the effect of interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT) of breast carcinoma in the tumour and in regional lymph nodes. METHODS Seventeen women that underwent radical surgical excision after non-radical ILT were studied. ILT was performed at a steady-state temperature of 48°C for 30 min. Surgical excision was performed 12 (6-23) days after ILT. Six patients with breast cancer not treated with ILT before surgery served as controls. Immunohistological reactions were performed on core needle biopsies prior to treatment and on the excised specimens. RESULTS ILT resulted in more CD8 lymphocytes and CD68 macrophages within the tumour (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and higher counts of CD20 (P < 0.05), CD68 (P < 0.001) and CD83 (P < 0.01) at the tumour border, when compared to pre-treatment values. In the control patients not receiving ILT, CD8 cells increased within the tumour after resection (P < 0.05). With the probable exception of CD25 Foxp3 cells, the presence of cancer in a lymph node influenced the findings in lymph nodes (examined for CD1a, CD25, Foxp3 CD25, CD83 cells). Thus, comparisons between ILT and control patients were restricted to patients without lymph node metastases. In these patients, ILT and resection were followed by a decrease in CD25 Foxp3 lymphocytes (P < 0.05), when compared to surgical resection alone. CONCLUSIONS ILT induced changes in immunocompetent cells in patients with breast cancer. The stimulation of the immune system is an added feature of ILT in treatment of patients with breast cancer.
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Sturesson C, Ivarsson K, Stenram U, Andersson-Engels S, Tranberg KG. Interstitial laser thermotherapy of a rat liver tumour: effect of hepatic inflow occlusion. Lasers Surg Med 2011; 43:29-35. [PMID: 21254140 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.21024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Interstitial laser thermotherapy was used to treat rat liver tumours. The aim was to investigate the influence of temperature and temporary hepatic inflow occlusion on tumour growth and blood perfusion. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Liver tumours were treated at 44°C at the tumour border for 30 minutes, hepatic inflow occlusion only, or a combination of these methods. Interstitial laser Doppler flowmetry was used to measure hepatic perfusion at the tumour border during and after heat treatment, for a total time of 60 minutes. Tumour growth was evaluated 6 days after treatment. RESULTS Tumours subjected to the combined treatment of hepatic inflow occlusion and interstitial laser thermotherapy displayed a blood perfusion reduction 30 minutes after treatment to 18 ± 5% of initial perfusion, which was significantly lower than achieved with thermotherapy alone (52 ± 10%, P = 0.02). The combined treatment and treatment with thermotherapy alone resulted in relative tumour growth of 0.3 ± 0.1 and 1.0 ± 0.2, respectively (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Inflow occlusion enhanced the effect of thermotherapy not by augmenting treatment temperatures but by increasing the thermal sensitivity of the tumour, reflected by an immediate effect on tumour blood perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Sturesson
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
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Stenram U. [Ciliopathy--cause of several peculiar syndromes]. Lakartidningen 2011; 108:332-335. [PMID: 21539115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis
- Abnormalities, Multiple/etiology
- Abnormalities, Multiple/pathology
- Cerebellar Diseases/diagnosis
- Cerebellar Diseases/etiology
- Cerebellar Diseases/pathology
- Cerebellum/abnormalities
- Cilia/pathology
- Cilia/ultrastructure
- Ciliary Motility Disorders/diagnosis
- Ciliary Motility Disorders/etiology
- Ciliary Motility Disorders/pathology
- Ciliopathies
- Coloboma/diagnosis
- Coloboma/etiology
- Coloboma/pathology
- Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome/diagnosis
- Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome/etiology
- Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome/pathology
- Encephalocele/diagnosis
- Encephalocele/etiology
- Encephalocele/pathology
- Eye Abnormalities/diagnosis
- Eye Abnormalities/etiology
- Eye Abnormalities/pathology
- Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis
- Heart Defects, Congenital/etiology
- Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology
- Humans
- Hydrocolpos/diagnosis
- Hydrocolpos/etiology
- Hydrocolpos/pathology
- Hypogonadism/diagnosis
- Hypogonadism/etiology
- Hypogonadism/pathology
- Intellectual Disability/diagnosis
- Intellectual Disability/etiology
- Intellectual Disability/pathology
- Kartagener Syndrome/diagnosis
- Kartagener Syndrome/etiology
- Kartagener Syndrome/pathology
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/diagnosis
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/etiology
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/pathology
- Leber Congenital Amaurosis/diagnosis
- Leber Congenital Amaurosis/etiology
- Leber Congenital Amaurosis/pathology
- Nasal Mucosa/cytology
- Obesity/diagnosis
- Obesity/etiology
- Obesity/pathology
- Optic Atrophies, Hereditary/diagnosis
- Optic Atrophies, Hereditary/etiology
- Optic Atrophies, Hereditary/pathology
- Polycystic Kidney Diseases/diagnosis
- Polycystic Kidney Diseases/etiology
- Polycystic Kidney Diseases/pathology
- Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant/diagnosis
- Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant/etiology
- Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant/pathology
- Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive/diagnosis
- Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive/etiology
- Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive/pathology
- Polydactyly/diagnosis
- Polydactyly/etiology
- Polydactyly/pathology
- Retina/abnormalities
- Retina/pathology
- Retinitis Pigmentosa
- Usher Syndromes/diagnosis
- Usher Syndromes/etiology
- Usher Syndromes/pathology
- Uterine Diseases/diagnosis
- Uterine Diseases/etiology
- Uterine Diseases/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Unne Stenram
- Avdelningen för patologi, Skånes universitetssjukhus, Lund, Lunds universitet.
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Abstract
AIM: To analyze the association between Helicobacter spp. and some common gut bacteria in patients with cholecystitis.
METHODS: A nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), specific to 16S rRNA of Helicobacter spp. was performed on paraffin-embedded gallbladder samples of 100 cholecystitis and 102 control cases. The samples were also analyzed for some common gut bacteria by PCR. Positive samples were sequenced for species identification.
RESULTS: Helicobacter DNA was found in seven out of 100 cases of acute and chronic cholecystitis. Sequence analysis displayed Helicobacter pullorum (H. pullorum) in six cases and Helicobacter pylori in one; H. pullorum was only found in cases with metaplasia. Control samples were negative for Helicobacter spp. and some common gut bacteria. There was a significant difference (P = 0.007) between cholecystitis and control samples for Helicobacter DNA.
CONCLUSION: A possible relationship was detected between Helicobacter DNA and cholecystitis. Further serological and immunohistochemical studies are needed to support these data.
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Andersson-Engels S, Ankerst J, Brun A, Elner A, Gustafson A, Johansson J, Karlsson SE, Killander D, Kjellén E, Lindstedt E, Montán S, Salford LG, Simonsson B, Stenram U, Strömblad LG, Svanberg K, Svanberg S. Tissue diagnostics using laser-induced fluorescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19890930323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
AIM: To infect mice with atypical Campylobacter concisus (C. concisus) for the first time.
METHODS: Three separate experiments were conducted in order to screen the ability of five clinical C. concisus isolates of intestinal origin and the ATCC 33237 type strain of oral origin to colonize and produce infection in immunocompetent BALB/cA mice. The majority of the BALB/cA mice were treated with cyclophosphamide prior to C. concisus inoculation to suppress immune functions. Inoculation of C. concisus was performed by the gastric route.
RESULTS: C. concisus was isolated from the liver, ileum and jejunum of cyclophosphamide-treated mice in the first experiment. No C. concisus strains were isolated in the two subsequent experiments. Mice infected with C. concisus showed a significant loss of body weight from day two through to day five of infection but this decreased at the end of the first week. Histopathological examination did not consistently find signs of inflammation in the gut, but occasionally microabscesses were found in the liver of infected animals.
CONCLUSION: Transient colonization with C. concisus was observed in mice with loss of body weight. Future studies should concentrate on the first few days after inoculation and in other strains of mice.
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Abstract
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumour is not uncommon in the liver but seldom malignant.
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Abstract
Immotile-cilia syndrome is characterized by severe respiratory distress from early infancy, and also often by situs inversus. The first description of the disease was based on just four persons, but reasons were given to suggest that the disorder may not be exceedingly rare. The purpose of the present study was to estimate just how rare or how common it is and to evaluate its association with situs inversus and with left-handedness. Data were mainly obtained from contacting a large number of Swedish clinicians who kindly informed us about their patients with suspected immotile-cilia syndrome. Diagnosis was in most cases performed by electron microscopical examination of nasal cilia or of spermatozoa. Based on these data, the prevalence of the syndrome in Sweden with or without situs inversus was estimated to be not far from 1 in 10,000. The syndrome consists of several subgroups that have a randomized determination of situs asymmetry (50% of these have situs inversus) and one subgroup in which situs inversus is not found. This results in a frequency of situs inversus in the syndrome of about 44 %. Left-handedness is no more common than it is in healthy persons and no more often associated with situs inversus than with situs solitus. In all cases it is about 14 %. It is concluded that the two major anatomical/physiological asymmetries of the human body are found with frequencies which indicate that they develop independently of each other. Both conditions appear with prevalences that may have changed at a centenary scale, left-handedness with a substantial increase and situs inversus with a less dramatic increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn A Afzelius
- Department of Zoophysiology, Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE 10692 Stockholm, Sweden.
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25
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Abstract
UNLABELLED A girl with polydactyly has had respiratory tract problems, including atelectasis, since birth. She has a high arched palate, a tongue hamartoma and dysmorphic face. Electron microscopy of nasal and bronchial brush biopsies repeatedly revealed centriole/basal body disarray and extreme sparseness of cilia. At the age of 2 years and 11 months, she displayed retardation of both motor and mental skills. CONCLUSION The manifestations tally with a ciliopathy, partly with the Bardet--Biedl syndrome (BBS) but especially with the oralfacialdigital syndrome (OFDS); however, with the addition of persistent respiratory tract problems. As these two syndromes are considered to be due to mutations affecting the centriole/basal body apparatus, the ultrastructural demonstration of disarray of these structures, never before demonstrated in such a patient, is of fundamental interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unne Stenram
- Department of Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Abstract
AIM: To determine whether gastric and enteric Helicobacter species are associated with pancreatic cancer.
METHODS: Patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer (n = 40), neuroendocrine cancer (n = 14), multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (n = 8), and chronic pancreatitis (n = 5) were studied. Other benign pancreatic diseases (n = 10) and specimens of normal pancreas (n = 7) were included as controls. Pancreatic tissue specimens were analyzed by Helicobacter-specific PCR-assay and products were characterized by denaturing gradient electrophoresis and DNA-sequencing. From a subset of the pancreatic cancer patients, gastric and/or duodenal tissue as well as gallbladder and ductus choledochus tissue were analyzed. Gallbladder and choledochus samples were included as controls. Stomach and duodenum samples were investigated to analyze whether a gastric helicobacter might disseminate to the pancreas in pancreatic cancer patients. Pancreatic specimens were analyzed by Bacteroides-specific PCR for detecting the translocation of indigenous gut microbes to the diseased pancreas.
RESULTS: Helicobacter DNA was detected in pancreas (tumor and/or surrounding tissue) of 75% of patients with exocrine cancer, 57% of patients with neuroendocrine cancer, 38% of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia, and 60% of patients with chronic pancreatitis. All samples from other benign pancreatic diseases and normal pancreas were negative. Thirty-three percent of the patients were helicobacter-positive in gastroduodenal specimens. Surprisingly, H. bilis was identified in 60% of the positive gastroduodenal samples. All gallbladder and ductus choledochus specimens were negative for helicobacter. Bacteroides PCR-assay was negative for all pancreatic samples.
CONCLUSION: Helicobacter DNA commonly detected in pancreatic cancer suggests a possible role of the emerging pathogens in the development of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Olof Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Solvegatan 23, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.
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Palsson S, Stenram U, Thompson MS, Vaitkuviene A, Poskiene V, Ziobakiene R, Oyama J, DeWeert MJ, Gustafsson U, Bendsoe N, Andersson-Engels S, Svanberg S, Svanberg K. Methods for detailed histopathological investigation and localization of biopsies from cervix uteri to improve the interpretation of autofluorescence data. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2006; 25:321-40. [PMID: 16566727 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.v25.i1-2.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy is one of many optical methods that are potentially clinically useful for noninvasive detection and characterization of disorders on the cervical part of uterus, including precancerous lesions. The cervix uteri exhibits a biologically complex tissue and the morphology of a biopsy is generally not homogenous. The standard histopathological protocol accounts only for the most severe condition found within the biopsy and no information is given on other constituents potentially influencing the recorded fluorescence spectra. Spectra are usually correlated, using multivariate techniques, to the histopathological diagnosis of the biopsies. Since the probe volume of fluorescence spectroscopy is considerably smaller than the extension of the biopsy, this can cause problems in the search for correlation between the fluorescence signals and the pathological structures. In addition, the orientation and location of the biopsies are normally not recorded. We now report on the first detailed histopathological protocol where numerous tissue parameters, such as thickness and type of the epithelium and the number of blood vessels, glands, and inflammatory cells, are tabulated and the orientation and location of the biopsy are recorded as precisely as possible. Hopefully, the use of this protocol together with sophisticated mathematical methods will increase the probability to classify cervical disorders of the uterus, including precancerous lesions, with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Palsson
- Lund University Medical Laser Centre, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Thompson MS, Andersson-Engels S, Svanberg S, Johansson T, Palsson S, Bendsoe N, Derjabo A, Kapostins J, Stenram U, Spigulis J, Svanberg K. Photodynamic Therapy of Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma with Multifiber Contact Light Delivery. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2006; 25:411-24. [PMID: 16566732 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.v25.i1-2.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To overcome the limited treatment depth of superficial photodynamic therapy we investigate interstitial light delivery. In the present work the treatment light was delivered using a system in which three or six clear-cut fibers were placed in direct contact with the tumor area. This placement was thought to represent a step toward general purpose interstitial PDT. Twelve nodular basal cell carcinomas were treated employing delta-aminolevulinic acid and 635 nm laser irradiation. Fluorescence measurements were performed monitoring the buildup and subsequent bleaching of the produced sensitizer protoporphyrin IX. The treatment efficacy, judged at a 28-month follow-up, showed a 100% complete response. Two punch excisions at 7 months converted two partial responses to complete responses. One patient failed to appear at all follow-up sessions. The outcome of the treatments was comparable to superficial photodynamic therapy in terms of histological, clinical, and cosmetic results.
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Ivarsson K, Myllymäki L, Jansner K, Stenram U, Tranberg KG. Resistance to tumour challenge after tumour laser thermotherapy is associated with a cellular immune response. Br J Cancer 2005; 93:435-40. [PMID: 16091763 PMCID: PMC2361576 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT) of an experimental liver tumour is superior to surgical excision, at least partly due to a laser-induced immunological effect. The aim of the present study was to investigate the time–response relationship of the ILT-induced immunisation and the cellular response of macrophages and lymphocytes. A dimethylhydrazine-induced adenocarcinoma was transplanted into the liver of syngeneic rats. Rats with tumour were treated 6–8 days later (tumour size 0.25–0.40 cm3) with ILT of tumour or resection of the tumour-bearing lobe. Two groups of rats without tumour were treated with resection of a normal liver lobe or ILT of normal liver. A challenging tumour was implanted into the liver of each rat 2, 5 or 10 weeks after primary treatment. Rats were killed 6, 12 and 48 days (or earlier due to their condition) after challenge (n=8 in all groups). Immunohistochemical techniques were used to determine lymphocytes (CD8, CD4) and macrophages (ED1, ED2) in rats having had treatment of a primary tumour. Interstitial laser thermotherapy of the first tumour was followed by eradication of challenging tumour and absence of tumour spread. This contrasted with rapid growth and spread of challenging tumour in the other groups. In the challenging vital tumour tissue and in the interface between the tumour and surroundings, the number of ED1 macrophages and CD8 lymphocytes was higher in rats having been treated with the ILT of tumour than in those having undergone resection of the tumour-bearing lobe. The number of ED2 macrophages and CD4 lymphocytes was low and did not vary between these two groups. Interstitial laser thermotherapy elicited an immune response that eradicated a challenging tumour and was associated with increased numbers of tumour-infiltrating macrophages and CD8 lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ivarsson
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - L Myllymäki
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - K Jansner
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - U Stenram
- Department of Pathology, Lund University, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - K-G Tranberg
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden. E-mail:
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Abstract
The entity sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus is since long named Kartagener syndrome. Nowadays the designation used is primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), which implies cilia with decreased or total absence of motility, which may result in sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and male infertility. A large number of deficiencies detectable on the ultrastructural level give rise to PCD. There may also be aberrations not detected up to the present. The normal left-right asymmetry of the body is thought to be due to the beating of the cilia in the embryonic (Hensen's) node. Total immotility of the cilia should therefore result in random asymmetry of the body that is situs inversus in 50% of the cases. It has also been claimed that 50% of cases with PCD have situs inversus. However, several deficiencies apparently do not cause total immotility, and all ultrastructural variants are not associated with situs inversus in 50% of the cases. Several of the deficiencies are difficult to detect. Optimal fixation and handling are therefore obligatory. The genetic changes behind the variants are now being studied in several laboratories. Patients with PCD have very low levels of nasal nitric oxide, which is of increasing diagnostic importance. Other established diagnostic methods are the saccharine test and determination of ciliary beat frequency.
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Nilsson HO, Ouis IS, Stenram U, Ljungh A, Moran AP, Wadström T, Al-Soud WA. High prevalence of Helicobacter Species detected in laboratory mouse strains by multiplex PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and pyrosequencing. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:3781-8. [PMID: 15297530 PMCID: PMC497606 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.8.3781-3788.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2004] [Revised: 04/16/2004] [Accepted: 05/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodent models have been developed to study the pathogenesis of diseases caused by Helicobacter pylori, as well as by other gastric and intestinal Helicobacter spp., but some murine enteric Helicobacter spp. cause hepatobiliary and intestinal tract diseases in specific inbred strains of laboratory mice. To identify these murine Helicobacter spp., we developed an assay based on PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and pyrosequencing. Nine strains of mice, maintained in four conventional laboratory animal houses, were assessed for Helicobacter sp. carriage. Tissue samples from the liver, stomach, and small intestine, as well as feces and blood, were collected; and all specimens (n = 210) were screened by a Helicobacter genus-specific PCR. Positive samples were identified to the species level by multiplex denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, pyrosequencing, and a H. ganmani-specific PCR assay. Histologic examination of 30 tissue samples from 18 animals was performed. All mice of eight of the nine strains tested were Helicobacter genus positive; H. bilis, H. hepaticus, H. typhlonius, H. ganmani, H. rodentium, and a Helicobacter sp. flexispira-like organism were identified. Helicobacter DNA was common in fecal (86%) and gastric tissue (55%) specimens, whereas samples of liver tissue (21%), small intestine tissue (17%), and blood (14%) were less commonly positive. Several mouse strains were colonized with more than one Helicobacter spp. Most tissue specimens analyzed showed no signs of inflammation; however, in one strain of mice, hepatitis was diagnosed in livers positive for H. hepaticus, and in another strain, gastric colonization by H. typhlonius was associated with gastritis. The diagnostic setup developed was efficient at identifying most murine Helicobacter spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Olof Nilsson
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Dermatology and Infection, Lund University, Sölvegatan 23, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
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Ivarsson K, Myllymäki L, Jansner K, Bruun A, Stenram U, Tranberg KG. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) after laser thermotherapy of an adenocarcinoma transplanted into rat liver. Anticancer Res 2003; 23:3703-12. [PMID: 14666667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock proteins (HSPs) HSP70 and gp96 from necrotic tumour cells are considered to function as chaperones in presenting tumour antigens. We therefore studied HSP70 and immune cells in a transplantable carcinoma in the liver of rats after interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT). Experiments were performed in Wistar FU rats using a dimethyl-hydrazine-induced adenocarcinoma implanted into the left lateral lobe of the liver. Rats were randomized to one of the following groups: a) ILT of tumour, b) sham ILT, or c) control. ILT was suboptimal and was performed at a steady-state temperature of 43 degrees C at the tumour margin for 30 minutes. Rats were killed 15 minutes, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours or 12 days after treatment. Double immunohistochemistry was performed for HSP70 and ED1 macrophages or CD8 lymphocytes, and ELISA for serum concentrations of HSP70. After ILT, there was an increase of HSP70 immunoreactivity in tumours as compared to sham ILT. At the same time, tumour cells affected by ILT showed a shift of HSP70 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus with a peak at 10 hours. Few CD8-positive cells were found. There was an increase of tumour-infiltrating ED1 macrophages after ILT as compared to sham ILT at 10-15 hours after treatment. HSP70 was present in ED1 macrophages significantly more frequently after ILT than after sham ILT, and this was true both for HSP70 localized to the surface and the cytoplasm of the macrophage. There was a significant increase in serum HSP70 during the first 15 hours after ILT. In conclusion, laser thermotherapy resulted in increased HSP70 immunoreactivity within tumours and HSP70 shifts from cytoplasm to nucleus. Furthermore, it resulted in increased numbers of tumour-infiltrating macrophages and an increased presence of HSP70 in the membrane and cytoplasm of these macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Ivarsson
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
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Wadström T, Abu Al-Soud W, Ljungh A, Nilsson HO, Stenram U. Absence of Helicobacter species in the liver of patients with primary or metastatic liver cancer. Hepatology 2003; 38:532-3; author reply 533. [PMID: 12883500 DOI: 10.1053/jhep.2003.50262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Harnek J, Zoucas E, Sjuve R, Arner A, Ekblad E, Schou H, Perez de Sá V, Stenram U. Local infusion of the nitric oxide donor Sin-1 after angioplasty. Effects on intimal hyperplasia in porcine coronary arteries. Acta Radiol 2003. [PMID: 12846690 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0455.2003.00079.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the development of intimal hyperplasia in response to percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) followed by local delivery of the nitric oxide (NO) donor 3-morpholino-sydnonimine (SIN-1). MATERIAL AND METHODS Overdilation PTCA was performed in coronary arteries in 20 healthy pigs. One of the dilated segments was additionally treated with local delivery of SIN-1 for 10 min. Segments distal to the treated part of the arteries served as controls. Arteries were radiographically depicted and analyzed after 1 and 8 weeks for actin, myosin and intermediate filaments (IF), nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) and histological evaluation. RESULTS Segments treated with PTCA+SIN-1 showed a significantly (p=0.03) larger luminal diameter compared with PTCA only treated segments. The luminal loss after SIN-1 was not significant compared with the diameter prior to treatment. Endothelial NOS content was significantly lower in the PTCA+SIN-1 group compared with the PTCA group after 1 (p=0.03) and 8 weeks (p=0.013). IF/actin ratio after 1 week was significantly increased in PTCA-treated segments compared with untreated controls (p=0.004), and compared with PTCA+SIN-1-treated segments (p=0.004). CONCLUSION PTCA-induced intimal hyperplasia was potently inhibited by local delivery of the NO donor SIN-1. Momentary events at the time of injury play a significant role in the development of intimal hyperplasia and long-lasting down-regulation of the endothelial NOS expression after SIN-1 exposure is suggested. The IF/actin ratio can be useful as an early marker of intimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harnek
- Heart Lung Division, Heart Radiology, University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden.
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Ivarsson K, Sturesson C, Stenram U, Tranberg KG. Linomide improves the effect of interstitial laser thermotherapy in a rat liver tumour model. Anticancer Res 2003; 23:1257-63. [PMID: 12820380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate if Linomide affects growth and spread of a rat liver tumour when given alone and in combination with interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Experiments were performed in Wistar rats using a dimethyl-hydrazine-induced adenocarcinoma implanted into the left lateral lobe of the liver. The rats were randomised to one of the following groups: a) ILT and Linomide, b) ILT only, c) sham ILT, d) Linomide only, or e) control. ILT was intentionally suboptimal. Linomide (100 mg/kg/day) was given in the drinking water from the start of treatment for five days. ED1, ED2 macrophages and v Willebrand (factor VIII) were determined by an immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS Linomide reduced viable liver tumour volume both when it was given alone (p < 0.01) and when combined with ILT (p < 0.05), whereas it lowered intraperitoneal spread in ILT-treated rats alone. Six days after ILT, there was a reduction in the number of newly-recruited macrophages and blood vessels in the viable tumour tissue in rats receiving Linomide. CONCLUSION Linomide reduced the growth of an adenocarcinoma transplanted into rat liver, when given alone or combined with laser thermotherapy and reduced the spread of tumour in laser-treated rats. The effects of Linomide in laser-treated rats appeared, at least in part, to be due to a reduction in newly-formed vessels, which might have been secondary to a reduced number of tumour-associated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Ivarsson
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
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Abstract
Transmission electron microscopy of nasal cilia was performed in three patients, two of them siblings, with repeated respiratory infections. Number of microtubuli and dynein arms were within normal limits and they had an ordered arrangement except for a disarray of the microtubuli in some areas of the biopsies from two of the patients. In the normal areas radial spokes and sheaths were easily found but nexin links could not be discerned in any of the patients. The orientation of the cilia was partly random. As all patients repeatedly and constantly had very low nasal NO (range 9-15 ppb; normal findings for persons <10 years old are > 50 ppb), the diagnoses were very likely primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Absence of nexin links may be an ultrastructural variant of PCD. Deficiency of these structures might be the cause of the microtubular disarray observed in some areas of the biopsies.
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Lindell G, Holmin T, Ewers SB, Tranberg KG, Stenram U, Ihse I. Extended operation with or without intraoperative (IORT) and external (EBRT) radiotherapy for gallbladder carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology 2003; 50:310-4. [PMID: 12749210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Gallbladder carcinoma is a rare disease with dismal prognosis. However, lately improved survival has been reported after extended operation including liver resection and lymphadenectomy in addition to cholecystectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate such a surgical strategy with and without adjuvant intra- and postoperative radiotherapy (IORT/EBRT). METHODOLOGY 20 patients underwent extended operation and the last 10 of them IORT/EBRT in addition. Tumor staging was done using the TNM system, determination of histological tumor differentiation and immunohistochemical assessment of p53, Ki67, metallothionein, deleted in colorectal cancer and carcinoembryogenic antigen in tumor tissue. RESULTS There was no hospital mortality. Postoperative complications occurred in 3 patients (15%). Actuarial 5-year survival was 47% in the radiotherapy group and 13% after operation only (NS). The corresponding figures for median survival are 28.8 and 20.2 months, respectively. Five patients are still alive in the radiotherapy group. There was no difference in tumour stages of the two groups irrespective of the way of evaluation. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that extended operation for gallbladder carcinoma +/- IORT/EBRT can be done safely. The tendency to longer survival after adjuvant radiotherapy was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert Lindell
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
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Abstract
We investigated whether aminoguanidine (AG), an inhibitor of advanced glycated end product formation, or probucol (PB), a free radical scavenger, could influence signs of glomerular and distal tubular function and morphological changes in kidneys of male Wistar rats after 6 months of streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Diabetic rats had a higher kidney weight/body weight ratio (P<.001), but neither AG nor PB influenced the increased ratio. Diabetes caused an increased urinary albumin excretion (P<.05), which was normalized by AG, but further exaggerated by PB (P<.001). Diabetes also caused an increase in the urinary excretion of Tamm-Horsfall protein (P<.001). Both AG and PB attenuated this increase (P<.05 for both). A few glomeruli displayed focal thickening of varying degrees. Silver staining disclosed the glomerulopathy to be intercapillary glomerulosclerosis. Rats on PB-enriched diet displayed less pronounced changes than untreated rats (P<.01), while AG had no effect. The results suggest that oxidative stress could be involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl David Agardh
- Wallenberg Research Laboratory, University Hospital MAS, Malmö, Sweden.
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Harnek J, Zoucas E, Stenram U, Cwikiel W. Insertion of self-expandable nitinol stents without previous balloon angioplasty reduces restenosis compared with PTA prior to stenting. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2002; 25:430-6. [PMID: 12042993 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-002-1860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the development of intimal hyperplasia after deployment of a self-expanding nitinol stent with and without previous percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty (PTA), with the results after PTA alone. METHODS In nine healthy pigs, the iliac arteries were divided into three groups: group 1 (n = 6 arteries) was treated with PTA; group 2 n = 6) with insertion of self-expanding stents after PTA; and group 3 (n = 6) with stent insertion without previous PTA. After 8 weeks the vessels were examined with intravascular ultrasonography, histologic examination and morphometric analysis. RESULTS Although the injury index in group 1 (0.17 +/- 0.57) was lower (p <0.05) than in group 2 (0.26 +/- 0.06) and group 3 (0.26 +/- 0.08), PTA-treated arteries showed significantly (p <0.05) reduced mean luminal gain (0.53 +/- 2.84) compared with arteries treated with PTA prior to stenting (2.58 +/- 1.38) and compared with stenting alone (4.65 +/- 5.34). Stenting after PTA resulted in a higher (p <0.05) restenosis index (2.63 +/- 1.06) compared with stenting without PTA (1.35 +/- 0.59). Group 2 also had a significantly thicker intima p <0.05) and 83% and 74% higher intima/media ratio (p <0.05) compared with groups 1 and 3, respectively. CONCLUSION Insertion of a self-expandable nitinol stent without previous PTA results in less intimal hyperplasia than if PTA is performed prior to stenting, suggesting that direct stenting can be used in angioplasty sessions with a favorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Harnek
- Heart-Lung Division, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to investigate the value of percutaneous fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis and management of liver tumours. METHODS FNAC followed by histopathological examination was carried out in 216 patients with suspected liver tumours. The final diagnosis was primary liver cancer in 106, colorectal metastases in 51, non-colorectal metastases in 46, benign tumour in nine and no tumour in four patients. RESULTS Cytology resulted in correct classification of the lesion as benign or malignant in 87 per cent of patients, correct discrimination between primary and secondary malignancy in half of the patients, and a correct diagnosis of tumour type in one-third of patients. The tumour was erroneously classified as benign or malignant in 22 patients (11 per cent) and four patients (2 per cent) respectively. When FNAC showed malignancy, the predictive value was 98 per cent, whereas the predictive value was 27 per cent when it did not. FNAC guided investigations and treatment in one-quarter of patients. Implantation metastases were recorded in seven patients (3 per cent), including five (10 per cent) of 51 patients with colorectal liver metastases, and caused major local problems and death in four patients. CONCLUSION FNAC was valuable in about a quarter of patients with liver tumour. The risks of implantation metastases and a false-negative finding do not justify its use in candidates for curative therapy of liver tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ohlsson
- Department of Surgery, University of Lund, SE-22185 Lund, Sweden
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Nilsson HO, Stenram U, Ihse I, Wadström T. Re: Helicobacter pylori seropositivity as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2002; 94:632-3. [PMID: 11959898 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/94.8.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Tranberg KG, Myllymäki L, Möller PH, Ivarsson K, Sjögren HO, Stenram U. Interstitial laser thermotherapy of a rat liver adenocarcinoma. J Xray Sci Technol 2002; 10:177-185. [PMID: 22388047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare interstitial laser thermotherapy with excision of a liver tumour. A dimethylhydrazine-induced adenocarcinoma was implanted into the left lateral lobe of the rat liver, and treatment was performed 8 days later. Rats were treated with resection of the tumour-bearing lobe or underwent interstitial laser thermotherapy, which was performed at a steady-state temperature of 46°C for 30 min, 3 mm from the tumour margin. The incidence and extent of intraperitoneal spread was smaller after laser thermotherapy than after resection, with no difference in local control. Using inoculation of tumour cell suspensions into the lateral and the median lobes of the liver simultaneously and treating the lateral lobe tumour only, we found that laser thermotherapy reduced take and growth of the untreated tumour in the median lobe indicating that laser thermotherapy may induce immunologic effects. It is concluded that interstitial laser thermotherapy reduces spread of liver tumour as compared to resection. It is suggested that this can be at least partly explained by a laser-induced immunologic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Tranberg
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, S-221 85 Lund, Sweden
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Engström PE, Ivarsson K, Tranberg KG, Stenram U, Salford LG, Persson BR. Electrically mediated drug delivery for treatment of an adenocarcinoma transplanted into rat liver. Anticancer Res 2001; 21:1817-22. [PMID: 11497264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, electrochemotherapy (ECT), i.e. tumour treatment based on local augmentation of intracellular drug delivery from short, intense electric pulses, was evaluated in rats with an adenocarcinoma implanted into the liver. Tumour response and concentrations of macrophages and T-lymphocytes (CD4 and CD8) in and around the tumour were measured. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were treated with permeabilizing electric pulses, bleomycin, or both, eight days after implantation of the tumour, while one group received sham treatment. RESULTS Treatment with electric pulses and bleomycin resulted in a significantly reduced lesion volume and 92% cure rate (12 out of 13, p<0.0002 compared to the other treatment groups). The highest concentration of CD8 lymphocytes was found in tumours treated with electric pulses and bleomycin. Macrophages were found mainly in tumours treated with electric pulses, with or without bleomycin. CONCLUSION Electrochemotherapy using millisecond exponential pulses and bleomycin is efficient in a rat liver tumour model and appears to stimulate the host's immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Engström
- Department of Radiation Physics, Lund University Hospital, Sweden
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Nilsson HO, Mulchandani R, Tranberg KG, Stenram U, Wadström T. Helicobacter species identified in liver from patients with cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2001; 120:323-4. [PMID: 11246512 DOI: 10.1053/gast.2001.21382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ohlsson B, Axelson J, Stenram U, Rehfeld JF, Ihse I. Acute taurodeoxycholate-induced pancreatitis in the rat is associated with hyperCCKemia. Int J Pancreatol 2000; 27:195-201. [PMID: 10952401 DOI: 10.1385/ijgc:27:3:195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholecystokinin (CCK) has been suggested to be involved in the development and course of acute pancreatitis. In the present study we measured plasma CCK concentrations in acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP) in the rat, and evaluated the role of circulating CCK levels on the initial pancreatic damage in pancreatitis. METHODS Endogenous hyperCCKemia was induced by surgical biliodigestive shunt (BDS) and exogenous hyperCCKemia by infusion of CCK-8S. The CCK-A receptor antagonist devazepide was used to antagonize the effect of CCK. Pancreatitis was induced by pancreatic duct infusion of sodium taurodeoxycholate 4 wk after the BDS operation or 1 wk after the start of the infusions. Nonpancreatitic sham- and BDS-operated rats, respectively, were used as control animals as were groups of otherwise untreated rats with pancreatitis. The animals were sacrificed 6 h after induction of pancreatitis. Concentrations of CCK were determined in plasma as were protein and amylase levels in the pancreas and peritoneal exudates. The extent of pancreatic necroses was assessed microscopically. RESULTS Pancreatitis caused an 11-20-fold increase of circulating CCK as measured after 6 h. In pancreatitic rats with induced hyperCCKemia, there was a further marked increase of plasma CCK. Pancreatic weight and edema, protein and amylase contents, and extent of necroses were the same regardless of the level of plasma CCK. Devazepide had no influence on the studied pancreatic parameters. CONCLUSION We conclude that acute taurodeoxycholate-induced pancreatitis in the rat is associated with elevated plasma CCK concentrations. There seems, however, not to be any correlation between the degree of hyperCCKemia and the extent of initial pancreatic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ohlsson
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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Parada LA, Marañon A, Hallén M, Tranberg KG, Stenram U, Bardi G, Johansson B. Cytogenetic analyses of secondary liver tumors reveal significant differences in genomic imbalances between primary and metastatic colon carcinomas. Clin Exp Metastasis 2000; 17:471-9. [PMID: 10763912 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006646901556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
To investigate if karyotypic features of secondary liver tumors may provide diagnostic information and if the cytogenetic patterns of primary and metastatic colorectal carcinomas (CRC) are different, 33 liver metastases were analyzed: 25 CRC, 4 small intestine carcinoids, 1 ovarian carcinoid, 1 lobular breast cancer, 1 head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma, and 1 uveal malignant melanoma. Chromosomal aberrations were detected in 24 cases, whereas 5 had normal karyotypes and 4 were uninformative due to lack of mitoses. Trisomy 12 was detected in 2 small intestine carcinoids, suggesting that +12 may be of pathogenetic importance in this tumor type. The breast and head-and-neck carcinomas and the uveal melanoma displayed aberrations previously reported as characteristic in primary tumors, e.g., der(1;16) and deletion of 3p in the breast cancer, losses of 3p and 8p and partial gain of 8q in the head-and-neck carcinoma, and monosomy 3 and i(8)(q10) in the uveal melanoma, indicating that cytogenetic investigations provide important diagnostic information in secondary liver tumors. In the 18 CRC metastases with chromosomal abnormalities, the cytogenetic findings agreed well with previously reported primary CRC. Common numerical abnormalities included gains of chromosomes 7, 11, 13, and 20, and losses of Y, 4, 18, 21, and 22. Structural rearrangements most often affected chromosome bands 1p13, 1q10, 3p21, 5q10, 5q11, 7q10, 8q10, 8q11, 12q13, 16p13, 17p11, 20p13, 20p11, and 20q10, and frequently resulted in losses of 1p, 8p, and 17p, and gains of 5p, 6p, 7p, 8q, and 20q. Comparing the present cases with primary CRC previously analyzed in our department revealed that additional gains of 6p, 6q, 7p, and 20q, and losses of 1p, 4p, 4q, 8p, 18p, 18q, and 22 were more common (P < 0.05) in the metastases, suggesting that these genomic sites harbor genes of importance in the metastatic process of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Parada
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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Abstract
Metallothionein is a protein with affinity for metals and is present in several tumors. We examined its immunohistochemical expression in 37 resected primary liver tumors and 117 colorectal metastases. The reaction was intense in the two fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinomas and in many of the hepatocytes of the pseudotumor case of focal nodular hyperplasia. The reaction was low or moderate in 5 of 17 ordinary hepatocellular carcinomas and in 4 of 14 cholangiocellular carcinomas. There was no reaction in one case each of spindle cell hepatocellular carcinoma, oncocytic adenoma and hemangioendothelial sarcoma. In the metastases, the reaction was low or moderate in 14 cases and negative in 103. Surrounding hepatocytes and stromal cells were more or less positive in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Stenram
- Department of Pathology, Lund University, Sweden
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Stenram U. Re: Gene Therapy Strategies for Tumor Antiangiogenesis. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/90.13.1017a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Stenram U. Re: Gene therapy strategies for tumor antiangiogenesis. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998; 90:1017. [PMID: 9665155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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