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Ramachandran V, Mohamad NA, Salleh MN, Wan Sulaiman WA, Inche Mat LN, Mohamed MH, Siew Mooi C, Yusof Khan AHK, Basri H, Periasamy P, Suganthi V, Jayaraman N. Genetic Susceptibility Variants of Vascular Dementia among Asians: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2024:000538864. [PMID: 38636474 DOI: 10.1159/000538864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vascular dementia (VaD), a neurocognitive impairment directly related to vascular injury, is the second most common cause of age-related dementia. Although numerous studies have investigated candidate genetic polymorphisms associated with VaD in Asia, the genetics of VaD remains unclear. METHODS This review provides an updated meta-analysis of genetic polymorphisms associated with VaD in Asians, using the PRISMA guidelines. Published literature up to May 2021 was extracted from the PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and EBSCO host databases. Meta-analysis was conducted using the Open Meta analyst, Review Manager, and MedCalc® Statistical Software. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed using TSA viewer software. RESULTS A total of 46 eligible studies, comprising 23 genes and 35 SNPs, were retrieved. The meta-analysis was conducted on the following genetic polymorphisms, APOE ε2/3/4, MTHFR rs1801131, ACE rs4340 (I/D) gene polymorphism, and a PSEN1 intron 8 variant. The pooled ORs revealed a significant increase in the risk of VaD in the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allelic model: OR, 1.79, p<0.001), and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) rs1801133 polymorphism T allele in the allelic model (OR, 1.23, p=0.013). CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence that genetic polymorphisms of the APOE ε4 allele and MTHFR rs1801133 T allele increase the risk of developing VaD in Asians. However, future large-scale investigations examining particularly on South-Eastern and West-Asian populations are highly recommended.
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Ching SM, Cheong AT, Yee A, Thurasamy R, Lim PY, Zarina II, Lee KW, Taher SW, Ramachandran V. Prevalence and factors associated with burnout among healthcare providers in Malaysia: a web-based cross-sectional study. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:851-863. [PMID: 37556104 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03483-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the determinants of burnout among healthcare providers in the primary care setting. METHODS A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1280 healthcare providers aged 18 years and older from 30 primary care clinics in Selangor, Malaysia. In this study, the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to assess burnout. The results were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of personal burnout was 41.7%, followed by work-related burnout (32.2%) and client-related burnout (14.5%). The determinants for personal burnout in this study were younger age, being a doctor, higher COVID-19 exposure risk, do not know where to seek help, inability to handle stress, poorer sleep quality score, higher total COVID-19 fear score, higher total stress score, and lower total BRS score. The determinants of work-related burnout were younger age, being a doctor, longer years of working, higher COVID-19 exposure risk, do not know where to seek help, lower altruistic score, poorer sleep quality score, higher total stress score, and lower total brief resilience score (BRS) score. The determinants of client-related burnout were doctor, single/divorced, more than one attachment site, and higher satisfaction toward the infection control, inability to handle stress, higher total depression score, and lower total BRS score. CONCLUSION Every fourth out of ten suffered from personal burnout, one-third from work-related burnout, and one-seventh from client-related burnout among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare systems must take care of healthcare workers' physical and emotional depletion, reducing the risk of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew-Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Ai Theng Cheong
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Anne Yee
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ramayah Thurasamy
- School of Management, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Poh Ying Lim
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Irmi Ismail Zarina
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sri Wahyu Taher
- Klinik Kesihatan Simpang Kuala, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Alor Setar Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University College of MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, 68100, Kuala Lumpur, Batu Caves, Malaysia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Ching SM, Singh R, Azmi FSB, Chong KL, Ong CRS, Ayob NAB, Patil M, Lee KW, Ramachandran V, Arora V. Prevalence and factors associated with probable obstructive sleep apnea among patients with hypertension in two primary care clinics in Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:375-382. [PMID: 37204559 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been increasingly recognized as an important factor contributing to medical morbidity and mortality. It was reported that more than half of the population with hypertension had OSA. Limited studies have been done on assessing OSA in hypertensive patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, socio-demographic characteristics, and factors associated with probable OSA in hypertensive patients in primary care clinics in Sarawak. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out using a systematic random sampling method in hypertensive patients who attended two government primary care clinics in Sarawak. The STOP-Bang questionnaire was used to screen for OSA, and social-demographic data was captured with a questionnaire. Multiple logistic regressions were used to examine the determinants of the OSA. RESULTS A total of 410 patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age of study population patients was 56.4 years, with more than half being female. The mean blood pressure was 136/82. The prevalence of probable OSA among patients with hypertension was 54.4%. According to multiple logistic regression analyses, smoking (odds ratio [OR] 14.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.335-61.947), retirees (OR 3.20, 95% CI 1.675-6.113), and being Chinese (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.262-3.863) had a significant positive association with probable OSA. CONCLUSIONS Because of the high prevalence of probable OSA among patients with hypertension, primary care physicians should be more vigilant in identifying hypertensive patients with OSA risk. Early detection and intervention would reduce disease complications and healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
- Malaysian Research Institute On Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan University, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Rajvinder Singh
- Klinik Dr Mahinder Singh, Taman Melawati, , Ulu Klang, Selangor, 53100, Malaysia
| | | | - Khian Lu Chong
- Klinik Kesihatan Bandar Miri, Miri, 98800, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Cynthia Ruey Shyuan Ong
- Universiti Putra Malaysia Teaching Hospital, Persiaran Mardi-UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Afiqah Binti Ayob
- Klinik Kesihatan Tudan, Jalan Tudan Permyjaya, 98100, Lutong Miri Lutong, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Mansi Patil
- Asha Kiran Hospital Lamtaput, Koraput, Odisha, 764081, India
| | - Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Department of Medical and Science Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, 68100 Batu Caves, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Viresh Arora
- Department of ENT, Sandwell and West Birmingham, NHS Hospital Trust, Sandwell General Hospital, West Bromwich, UK
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Harikrishnan S, Sudarshan S, Sivasubramani K, Nandini MS, Narenkumar J, Ramachandran V, Almutairi BO, Arunkumar P, Rajasekar A, Jayalakshmi S. Larvicidal and anti-termite activities of microbial biosurfactant produced by Enterobacter cloacae SJ2 isolated from marine sponge Clathria sp. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15153. [PMID: 37704703 PMCID: PMC10499797 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of synthetic pesticides has resulted in a number of issues, including a rise in insecticide-resistant organisms, environmental degradation, and a hazard to human health. As a result, new microbial derived insecticides that are safe for human health and the environment are urgently needed. In this study, rhamnolipid biosurfactants produced from Enterobacter cloacae SJ2 was used to evaluate the toxicity towards mosquito larvae (Culex quinquefasciatus) and termites (Odontotermes obesus). Results showed dose dependent mortality rate was observed between the treatments. The 48 h LC50 (median lethal concentration) values of the biosurfactant were determined for termite and mosquito larvae following the non-linear regression curve fit method. Results showed larvicidal activity and anti-termite activity of biosurfactants with 48 h LC50 value (95% confidence interval) of 26.49 mg/L (25.40 to 27.57) and 33.43 mg/L (31.09 to 35.68), respectively. According to a histopathological investigation, the biosurfactant treatment caused substantial tissue damage in cellular organelles of larvae and termites. The findings of this study suggest that the microbial biosurfactant produced by E. cloacae SJ2 is an excellent and potentially effective agent for controlling Cx. quinquefasciatus and O. obesus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekar Harikrishnan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608502, India.
| | - Shanmugam Sudarshan
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, TNJFU- Dr. M.G.R Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thalainayeru, Tamil Nadu, 614712, India
| | - Kandasamy Sivasubramani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M S Nandini
- Department of Microbiology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayaraman Narenkumar
- Department of Environmental & Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil Engineering (SCE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Sciences, University College of MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, 68100, Batu Caves, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paulraj Arunkumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Aruliah Rajasekar
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632115, India
| | - Singaram Jayalakshmi
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608502, India
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Kouhi Fayegh A, Mat Din H, Wan Sulaiman WA, Ravanipour M, Basri H, Bin Mohamed MH, Ramachandran V, Inche Mat LN. Relationship of sleep quality, chronotype, and obstructive sleep apnea with migraine in the elderly population. Neuropsychiatr 2023:10.1007/s40211-023-00467-y. [PMID: 37184819 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-023-00467-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Disturbances of sleep have frequently been reported in individuals with migraine. On top of this, an elderly patient with migraine also suffers from sleep disturbances due to changes in physiologic and mental health associated with aging. This study aimed to compare several sleep factors, namely sleep quality, chronotype, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk, between elderly people with and without migraine. METHODS This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in 10 neurologic clinics located in Tehran, Iran, over 2 years. The sample size was calculated as 189, including 63 migraine and 126 non-migraine patients. RESULTS A significant difference was observed in the mean score of the global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) between migraine and non-migraine groups (p-value = 0.002), and in the individual components of the PSQI. However, there were no significant differences in the frequency of different types of chronotype (p-value = 0.125, T = 1.541) or OSA risk between the two groups (p-value = 0.568, T = -0.573). The binary logistic regression model showed that the relationship between global PSQI and migraine was significant (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Sleep quality is a problem for elderly migraine sufferers. Meanwhile, certain factors such as chronotype and OSA have no significant relationship with migraine among community-dwelling seniors. Further studies are required to enhance our understanding of this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Kouhi Fayegh
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (My Ageing), University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hazwan Mat Din
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (My Ageing), University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Ravanipour
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Nursing, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hamidon Basri
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazmi Bin Mohamed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, 68100, Batu Caves, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Liyana Najwa Inche Mat
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Santhoshkumar M, Perumal D, Narenkumar J, Ramachandran V, Muthusamy K, Alfarhan A, David E. Potential use of bio functionalized nanoparticles to attenuate triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231 cells). Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:803-811. [PMID: 36977929 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02858-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This study showed that bio-functional silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were synthesized in aqueous extracts of Gymnema sylvestre leaves and tested for toxicity assessment against triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC). Biofunctional nanoparticle (NPs) samples were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TEM. The results showed that the phytofabrication of AgNPs resulted in a dark brown, UV-vis maximum absorbance peak at 413 nm. The AgNPs were crystalline and spherical, with sizes ranging from 20 to 60 nm, as confirmed by the XRD pattern and TEM images. Another phytofabrication of ZnONPs exhibited a white precipitate corresponding to a UV-Vis maximum absorption peak at 377 nm and a fine micro flower morphology with a particle-sized tribution between 100 and 200 nm. In addition, FT-IR spectra showed that bioorganic compounds are associated with NPs that respond to reduced Ag+ ions and AgNPs tabilizers. Invitro cytotoxicity studies revealed the potent anti-cancer effects of phytofabricated AgNPs and ZnONPs on TNBC cells. Furthermore, the AO/EB double staining assay results proved that apoptotic cells are distinguished by greenish-yellow fluorescence of the cell nuclei with IC50 concentrations of 44 ± 0.8 µg/mL for AgNPs and 26.2 ± 0.5 µg/mL for ZnONPs, respectively. Based on our results, we expect that the anticancer function of the biofunctional NPs is due to the apoptotic activation of TNBC cells by increased ROS. Therefore, the presented study demonstrated that biofunctional AgNPs and ZnONPs have excellent prospects for the anti-cancer activity that can be used in pharmaceutical and medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Santhoshkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632115, India
| | - Dhandapani Perumal
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632115, India
| | - Jayaraman Narenkumar
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Selaiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600073, India.
- Department of Environmental & Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil Engineering (SCE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632014, India.
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Science and Technology, University College of MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, Batu Caves, 68100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Karnan Muthusamy
- Grassland and Forages Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, 31000, Korea
| | - Ahmed Alfarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ernest David
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632115, India.
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Ansari N, Ramachandran V, Mohamad NA, Salim E, Ismail P, Hazmi M, Mat LNI. Association of GCK (rs1799884), GCKR (rs780094), and G6PC2 (rs560887) Gene Polymorphisms with Type 2 Diabetes among Malay Ethnics. Glob Med Genet 2023; 10:12-18. [PMID: 36703777 PMCID: PMC9873477 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder, and the underlying causes remain unknown and have not been fully elucidated. Several candidate genes have been associated with T2DM in various populations with conflicting results. The variations found in glucokinase ( GCK ), glucokinase regulatory protein ( GCKR ), and glucose-6-phosphatase 2 ( G6PC2 ) genes were not well studied, particularly among Asians. Aims The main objective of this study was to determine the candidate genetic polymorphisms of GCK (rs1799884), GCKR (rs780094), and G6PC2 (rs560887) genes in T2DM among Malay ethnics. Methods In this candidate gene association study, a total of 180 T2DM subjects and 180 control subjects were recruited to determine the genotypes using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and Taqman probe assay methods. Genotype and allele frequencies in case and control samples were compared using the chi-squared test to determine a significant difference. Results The body mass index, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol were significantly different ( p < 0.05) between T2DM and control subjects. The genotypic and allelic frequencies of GCK (rs1799884), GCKR (rs780094), and G6PC2 (rs560887) gene polymorphisms were significantly different between T2DM and controls ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Hence, rs1799884 of GCK gene and rs780094 of GCKR gene and rs560887 of the G6PC2 gene are possible genetic biomarkers in T2DM development among Malay ethnics in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Ansari
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Vasudevan Ramachandran Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP InternationalTaman Batu Muda, 68100 Batu Caves, Kuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- Centre for Foundation Studies, Lincoln University College, Selangor, DE, Malaysia
| | - Elnaz Salim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Patimah Ismail
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Hazmi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Liyana Najwa Inchee Mat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia,Address for correspondence Liyana Najwa Inchee, Mat, MBBCh BAO, PhD Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400, Selangor DEMalaysia
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Thew HZ, Ching SM, Lim HM, Mos MH, Tze LCK, Low KF, Shaari N, Lin JYS, Lee KW, Ramachandran V. Prevalence and determinants of medications non-adherence among patients with uncontrolled hypertension in primary care setting in Sarawak, Malaysia: A cross-sectional study. Malays Fam Physician 2022; 17:128-136. [PMID: 36606165 PMCID: PMC9809434 DOI: 10.51866/oa.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-adherence to antihypertensive medications is a leading cause of uncontrolled hypertension and its complications. However, data on the factors associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive medications in the communities of Sarawak, Malaysia, are limited. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and determinants of medication non-adherence among patients with uncontrolled hypertension. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted using the systematic sampling method in four government primary healthcare clinics in Sarawak. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic data and evaluate non-adherence. Blood pressure was measured, and relevant clinical variables were collected from medical records. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the determinants of medication non-adherence. RESULTS A total of 488 patients with uncontrolled hypertension were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of medication non-adherence was 39.3%. There were four predictors of medication non-adherence among the patients with uncontrolled hypertension: tertiary educational level (odds ratio [OR]=4.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.67-10.61, P=0.010), complementary alternative medication (0R=2.03, 95% CI=1.12-3.69, P=0.020), non-usage of calcium channel blockers (0R=1.57, 95% CI=1.02-2.41, P=0.039) and 1 mmHg increase in the systolic blood pressure (0R=1.03, 95% CI=1.00-1.05, P=0.006). CONCLUSION Because of the high prevalence of medication non-adherence among patients with uncontrolled hypertension, primary care physicians should be more vigilant in identifying those at risk of being non-adherent. Early intervention should be conducted to address non-adherence for blood pressure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu Thew
- MD (NNSMA), MMed (UPM), Department of Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- MD (UNIMAS), MMed (UM), Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra, Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, 5 Jalan University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Min Lim
- MBBS (UM), MMed (UM), Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mike Hitler Mos
- MBBS (UM), Klinik Kesihatan Batu Kawa, Jalan Ensing Timur, Off Jalan, Stapok Utama,Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Lorna Chin Kin Tze
- MD (UPM), MAFP, FRACGP, Klinik Kesihatan Miri, Jalan Merbau, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Kui Feng Low
- MD, Klinik Kesihatan Jalan Masjid, Jalan Masjid, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nurdarlina Shaari
- MBBS(UM), MAFP, FRACGP, Klinik Kesihatan Telaga Air, Jalan Matang, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Jody Yii Sze Lin
- MD (UNIMAS), MAFP, FRACGP, Klinik Kesihatan Tudan, Jalan Permyjaya, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Kai Wei Lee
- Ph.D. (UPM), Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra, Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Ph.D. (UPM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP, International College, Taman Batu, Muda, Batu Caves, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ramachandran V, Modder M, Zhang L, Krumm C, In Het Panhuis W, Schönke M, Lu YC, Hla T, Lee AH, Rensen P, Tontonoz P, Kooijman S, Najafi-Shoushtari H. MicroRNA 33A controls SREBP-2 and LXR dependent regulation of the LDL receptor pathway. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Tey YY, Ching SM, Maharajan MK, Lee KW, Chow ZY, Chua PW, Tan CX, Lim SN, Tan CH, Thew HZ, Ramachandran V, Hoo FK. Prevalence and factors associated with sexual dysfunction among middle-aged women in a multi-ethnic country: A cross sectional study in Malaysia. Malays Fam Physician 2022; 17:56-63. [PMID: 35949996 PMCID: PMC9357414 DOI: 10.51866/oa.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with female sexual dysfunction in an outpatient clinic in Malaysia. METHODS The study was conducted among female patients aged 50 years and older who attended the outpatient clinic of a public hospital in Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was used that was based on the Malay version of the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire. The predictors of female sexual dysfunction were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 263 females were recruited in this study, with a mean age of 60.6 ± 6.7 years. The distribution of the respondents' ethnicities was mostly Malay (42.2%), followed by Chinese (41.8%) and Indian (16.0%). The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction among participants was 68.8%. The prevalence of the subscales of female sexual dysfunction was as follows: desire (85.2%), satisfaction (74.9%), arousal (71.1%), lubrication (66.9%), pain (61.2%), and orgasm (60.8%). According to multivariate logistic regression, patients of Indian ethnicity had an increased risk of female sexual dysfunction (0R=16.60, 95% CI=2.54-108.63), and a higher frequency of sexual intercourse was correlated with a lower risk of female sexual dysfunction (0R=0.13, 95% CI=0.08-0.24). CONCLUSION Seven-tenths of the middle-aged female patients attending the outpatient clinic suffered from female sexual dysfunction. Indian ethnicity and having a lower frequency of sexual intercourse were predictors of female sexual dysfunction. Future intervention studies are needed to address this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yee Tey
- MD, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- MMedFamMed, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Malaysian Research Institute of Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,
| | - Mari Kannan Maharajan
- PhD (Pharmacy), Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International, Medical Universiti, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kai Wei Lee
- PhD (Medical Sciences), Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul, Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zhen Yee Chow
- MD, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pei Wen Chua
- MD, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chin Xuan Tan
- MD, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shi Nie Lim
- MD, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chun Han Tan
- MD, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hui Zhu Thew
- MMedFamMed, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- PhD (Genetics), Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- MRCP, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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11
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Ramachandran V, Bouras L, Akhtar R. P.20 “Out of severe COVID in peripartum women”. Int J Obstet Anesth 2022. [PMCID: PMC9060834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2022.103316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Ramachandran V. Mucocutaneous manifestations of systemic amyloidosis in a Black patient. QJM 2022; 115:237-238. [PMID: 35179575 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V Ramachandran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, USADepartment of Dermatology, New York University, New York City, NY, USA
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13
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Mohamad Safiai NI, Mohamad NA, Basri H, Inche Mat LN, Hoo FK, Abdul Rashid AM, Yusof Khan AHK, Loh WC, Baharin J, Fernandez A, Samsudin IN, Mohamed MH, Ching SM, Lee KW, Ramachandran V, Pozo-Rosich P, Wan Sulaiman WA. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for migraine prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cephalalgia 2022; 42:1071-1085. [PMID: 35435045 DOI: 10.1177/03331024221092423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as a migraine prevention by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. BACKGROUND The efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as preventive migraine treatment remains debatable. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and BioMed Central databases were searched from their inception until December 2020. Randomised trials comparing high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with sham for migraine prevention were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane guidelines. Headache days, pain intensity, acute medication intake, and disability were extracted as study outcomes and the mean difference with a random-effects model was used to determine the effect size. RESULTS Meta-analysis revealed that high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex significantly reduced acute medication intake (Mean Difference = 9.78, p = 0.02, 95%CI: 1.60, 17.96, p = 0.02) and functional disability (Mean Difference = 8.00, p < 0.05, 95%CI: 4.21, 11.79). However, no differences were found in headache days and pain intensity reduction, although there was a slight trend favouring high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. CONCLUSION High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may be effective in reducing acute medication intake and disability. However, more studies are needed to strengthen this preliminary evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Izzaatie Mohamad Safiai
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamidon Basri
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Liyana Najwa Inche Mat
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anna Misyail Abdul Rashid
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof Khan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei Chao Loh
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Janudin Baharin
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aaron Fernandez
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Nureslyna Samsudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazmi Mohamed
- Department of ORL-HNS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Live Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Selaiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Patricia Pozo-Rosich
- Headache and Craniofacial Pain Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Ghasan Abood Al-Ashoor S, Ramachandran V, Inche Mat LN, Mohamad NA, Mohamed MH, Wan Sulaiman WA. Analysis of OCT1, OCT2 and OCT3 gene polymorphisms among Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects in Indian ethnicity, Malaysia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:453-459. [PMID: 35002441 PMCID: PMC8716931 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder. It is a major non-communicable disease affecting 463 million people globally in 2019 and is expected to be double to about 700 million by 2045. The majority are Asians with Indian ethnicity in Malaysia reported as the highest prevalence of T2DM. Cardiovascular disease, renal failure, blindness and neuropathy, as well as premature death are the known morbidity and mortality resulted from T2DM. T2DM is characterized by the dysfunctional insulin physiology that causes reduction of glucose transport into the cells which lead to hyperglycaemia. Hence, one of the important treatments is an oral antidiabetic drug that lowers the serum glucose level in patients with T2DM. This drug will be transported across cell membranes by organic cation transporters (OCT). Therefore, it is important to identify the OCT candidate gene polymorphisms related to T2DM especially among the Indian ethnicity in Malaysia. Methods Blood samples were collected from 132 T2DM patients and 133 controls. Genotyping of OCT1 (rs628031), OCT2 (rs145450955), OCT3 (rs3088442 and rs2292334) was performed using (PCR-RFLP). Results No association was observed for genotypic and allelic distributions in all the gene polymorphisms of OCT genes (P > 0.05). However, a logistic regression analysis stratified by gender in a dominant model showed a significant difference for OCT3 among males with T2DM (P = 0.006). Significant association was also observed for OCT3 when stratified to subjects aged > 45 years old (P = 0.009). Conclusion Based on these findings, the association of OCT3 (rs2292334) could be considered as a possible genetic risk factor for the development of T2DM among Indian males alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Ghasan Abood Al-Ashoor
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, 173, Agaram Main Rd, Selaiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600073, India
| | - Liyana Najwa Inche Mat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor DE, Malaysia.,Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazmi Mohamed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor DE, Malaysia.,Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor DE, Malaysia.,Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, 173, Agaram Main Rd, Selaiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600073, India.,Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor DE, Malaysia
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15
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Ng KH, Subrayan V, Ramachandran V, Ismail F. Screening of single nucleotide polymorphisms among fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy subjects in Malaysia. Egypt J Med Hum Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The pathophysiology underlying Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy (FECD), especially in older individuals, remains unclear, with a genetic predisposition being reported as the single best predictor of the disease. Genetic studies have shown that several genes in various loci such as COL8A2, SLC4A11, TCF8/ZEB1 and TCF4 are associated with FECD in different populations and ethnicities. A case–control study was conducted to determine the association between genetic variants and FECD in a tertiary care setting in Malaysia. A total number of 12 patients with clinically diagnosed FECD and 12 age, gender and race matched control subjects were recruited. Extracted genomic DNA were genotyped using Infinium Global Screening Array (GSA)-24 version 1.0 BeadChip with iScan high-throughput system. Illumina GenomeStudio 2.0 Data Analysis and PLINK version 1.9 software were used to perform association tests and determine the distribution of obtained variants among the cases and controls.
Results
A significant novel genetic variant, rs11626651, a variant of the LOC105370676 gene or known as the LINC02320 gene, located at chromosome 14, has been identified as a suggestive association with FECD (p < 5 × 10−6). Further analysis in this study suggested that candidate genes such as COL8A2, ZEB1/TCF8, TCF4 and SLC4A11 had no significant associations with FECD.
Conclusions
The discovery of a novel variant may influence the underlying pathogenic basis of FECD in Malaysia. The current study is the first genetic study on FECD to use Infinium GSA. It is the first comprehensive report in Malaysia to provide genetic information of potential relevance to FECD, which may pave the way for new therapeutic strategies in the future. A detailed analysis with a larger sample size is recommended for further evaluation.
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16
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Lim SY, Chan YM, Ramachandran V, Shariff ZM, Chin YS, Arumugam M. Dietary Acid Load and Its Interaction with IGF1 (rs35767 and rs7136446) and IL6 (rs1800796) Polymorphisms on Metabolic Traits among Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072161. [PMID: 34201855 PMCID: PMC8308464 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of dietary acid load (DAL) and IGF1 and IL6 gene polymorphisms and their potential diet–gene interactions on metabolic traits. A total of 211 community-dwelling postmenopausal women were recruited. DAL was estimated using potential renal acid load (PRAL). Blood was drawn for biochemical parameters and DNA was extracted and Agena® MassARRAY was used for genotyping analysis to identify the signalling of IGF1 (rs35767 and rs7136446) and IL6 (rs1800796) polymorphisms. Interactions between diet and genetic polymorphisms were assessed using regression analysis. The result showed that DAL was positively associated with fasting blood glucose (FBG) (β = 0.147, p < 0.05) and there was significant interaction effect between DAL and IL6 with systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β = 0.19, p = 0.041). In conclusion, these findings did not support the interaction effects between DAL and IGF1 and IL6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs35767, rs7136446, and rs1800796) on metabolic traits, except for SBP. Besides, higher DAL was associated with higher FBG, allowing us to postulate that high DAL is a potential risk factor for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Yee Lim
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Yoke Mun Chan
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Research Center of Excellence Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (Y.M.C.); (V.R.)
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Centre for Research, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, 173, Agaram Main Rd, Selaiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600073, India
- Correspondence: (Y.M.C.); (V.R.)
| | - Zalilah Mohd Shariff
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Yit Siew Chin
- Research Center of Excellence Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Manohar Arumugam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
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17
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Mohamad Safiai NI, Mohamad NA, Basri H, Inche Mat LN, Hoo FK, Abdul Rashid AM, Yusof Khan AHK, Loh WC, Baharin J, Fernandez A, Samsudin IN, Mohamed MH, Siew MC, Lee KW, Ramachandran V, Pozo-Rosich P, Wan Sulaiman WA. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for migraine prevention: A protocol for a systematic review of controlled trials. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251528. [PMID: 34138860 PMCID: PMC8211237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine may lead to a negative impact on the patients' quality of life with a subsequent substantial burden to society. Therapy options for treatment and prevention of migraine have progressed over the years and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is one of the promising non-pharmacological options. It induces and alters electric current in the brain via repetitive non-invasive brain stimulation in high frequency. In migraine patients, two common stimulation sites are the M1 cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The mechanism on how rTMS exerts therapeutic effects on migraine is not fully established, but the main postulation is that the neuromodulation via high-frequency rTMS (hf-rTMS) might inhibit pain perception. However, evidence from studies has been conflicting, thus the usefulness of hf-rTMS as migraine preventive treatment is still uncertain at this moment. METHODS This is a systematic review protocol describing essential reporting items based on the PRISMA for systematic review protocols (PRISMA-P) (Registration number: CRD42020220636). We aim to review the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of hf-rTMS at DLPFC in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) as migraine prophylactic treatment. We will search Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Biomed Central for relevant articles from randomised controlled clinical trials that used hf-rTMS applied at DLPFC for the treatment of migraine. The risk of bias will be assessed using the version 2 "Risk of bias" tool from Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.1. We will investigate the evidence on efficacy, tolerability and safety and we will compare the outcomes between the hf-rTMS intervention and sham groups. DISCUSSION This systematic review will further determine the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of hf-rTMS applied at DLPFC for migraine prophylaxis. It will provide additional data for health practitioners and policymakers about the usefulness of hf-rTMS for migraine preventive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Izzaatie Mohamad Safiai
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamidon Basri
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Liyana Najwa Inche Mat
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anna Misyail Abdul Rashid
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof Khan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei Chao Loh
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Janudin Baharin
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aaron Fernandez
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Nureslyna Samsudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazmi Mohamed
- Department of ORL-HNS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mooi Ching Siew
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Selaiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Patricia Pozo-Rosich
- Headache and Craniofacial Pain Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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18
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Mageswari S, Rajan HM, Balusamy M, Elavarasu G, Vijayaprabha R, Ramachandran V, Britto JJ, Jayaraman Y. Childlessness among Muthuvan Tribes of Tamil Nadu, India: An Exploratory Study. Indian J Community Med 2021; 46:141-144. [PMID: 34035596 PMCID: PMC8117903 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_437_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Childlessness is a global concern and it has serious demographic, social, and health implications. The declining Muthuvan child population may reduce their population on the whole. Objective: The study explored the prevalence of childlessness and its underlying reasons in the Muthuvan tribes of Tamil Nadu. Subjects and Methods: The study applied the mixed-method design, and the snowball technique was adopted to identify eight Muthuvan hamlets. Descriptive and thematic analysis was done for the collected quantitative and qualitative information. Results: The study found the prevalence of childlessness among Muthuvan couples as 30.65%. The underlying reasons were their cultural practices of confinement during menstruation and restriction on engaging in productive work and family care, which gave them the idea of regular intake of oral contraceptive pills and lessen their desire to have children. Conclusion: The study concludes that the comfort of their daily life has taken over more important than the consequences of objects used for comfort, to their health and future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mageswari
- Health Systems Research and MRHRU, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H Magesh Rajan
- Health Systems Research and MRHRU, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Balusamy
- Health Systems Research and MRHRU, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Elavarasu
- Health Systems Research and MRHRU, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Vijayaprabha
- Health Systems Research and MRHRU, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Ramachandran
- Health Systems Research and MRHRU, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J John Britto
- Health Systems Research and MRHRU, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yuvaraj Jayaraman
- Health Systems Research and MRHRU, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sengan S, Arokia Jesu Prabhu L, Ramachandran V, Priya V, Ravi L, Subramaniyaswamy V. Images super-resolution by optimal deep AlexNet architecture for medical application: A novel DOCALN1. IFS 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-189146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, numerous researches have been focused on Image Super-Resolution (SR); this recreation or improvement model is vital in different research areas. Recently, deep learning algorithm finds useful to advance in the resolution of the medical output. Here, we devise a novel Deep Convolutional Network model along with the optimal learning rate of the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) intended for Medical Image Super-Resolution (MISR). For getting the optimal values of Deep Learning AlexNet structure, Modified Crow Search (MCS) is utilized, which is mainly depends on the behavior of crow sets. The chosen Alexnet lacks in a sort of suitable supervision for upgrading execution of the proposed model that effectively aims to overfit. The proposed design, i.e., MISR, named Deep Optimal Convolutional AlexNet (DOCALN), derives the optimal values of learning rates of the ReLU activation function. Based on this optimal deep learning structure, the Low Resolution (LR) medical images can be applied. Experimentation results of our proposed model are compared with variants of Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) concerning different measures such as image quality assessment, SR efficiency analysis, and execution time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Sengan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sree Sakthi Engineering College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - L. Arokia Jesu Prabhu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V. Ramachandran
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V. Priya
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mahendra Institute of Technology, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Logesh Ravi
- Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Santhakumar A, Ganesh B, Malathi M, Nagaraj J, Manikandan N, Padmapriya V, Kirubakaran B, Govindasamy C, Ramachandran V, Sridhar R, Kumar P, Rajan S, Elangovan A. Confined vulnerability of HIV infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Karnataka, India: Analysis of data from the HIV sentinel surveillance 2017. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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21
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Ramachandran V, Nguyen J, Caruso C, Rao D. Hirschsprung’s Disease: Two Cases of Total Intestinal Aganglionosis. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Hirschsprung’s disease is a disorder associated with an absence of ganglion cells in a segment of the bowel. Total colonic and small bowel aganglionosis occurs in less than 1% of all Hirschsprung’s disease patients. Even rarer is the finding of Haddad syndrome, the coexistence of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome and Hirschsprung’s disease. Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome has approximately 1,000 reported cases, with colonic aganglionosis being associated with 15-20% of those cases. The prevalence of Hirschsprung’s disease with congenital renal anomalies may be another underreported finding.
Methods
Here, we report two rare cases of Hirschsprung’s disease with significant extension in the small bowel. One case involves a 38-week gestational age male infant admitted for apnea and another case involves 39-week gestational age female infant admitted for vomiting.
Results
Both infants had rectal suction biopsies confirming the absence of ganglion cells. The male infant had mapping biopsies which histologically showed hypertrophic nerve fibers and an absence of ganglion cells in the colon extending up to 70 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. Calretinin immunostaining confirmed aganglionsis. Genetic testing showed a PHOX2B gene mutation carrying 32 polyalanine repeat mutations, confirming a diagnosis of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome coexisting with Hirschsprung’s disease. The female infant had intraoperative frozen sections that identified ganglion cells throughout the colon. On permanent sections, there was an absence of ganglion cells in the upper rectum extending up to 65 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. She also was noted to have agenesis of the left kidney and a urachal remnant. Genetic testing was negative for RET mutations.
Conclusion
Overall, these cases provide further information on a rare variant of Hirschsprung’s disease that includes significant portions of the small bowel. Additionally, this study adds to the documented reports of Haddad syndrome and the connections between renal anomalies with Hirschsprung’s disease. Last, this series alludes to the difficulties of frozen section diagnosis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ramachandran
- Pediatric Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, UNITED STATES
| | - J Nguyen
- Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, UNITED STATES
| | - C Caruso
- Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, UNITED STATES
| | - D Rao
- Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, UNITED STATES
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22
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Soo MJ, Chow ZY, Ching SM, Tan CH, Lee KW, Devaraj NK, Salim HS, Ramachandran V, Lim PY, Sivaratnam D, Hoo FK, Cheong AT, Chia YC. Prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Malaysia from 1980-2018: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Meta-Anal 2020; 8:320-344. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v8.i4.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a common public health problem worldwide and is a well-known risk factor for increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, contributing to high morbidity and mortality. However, there has been no systematic review and meta-analysis of a multiethnic population such as that of Malaysia.
AIM To determine the trend in prevalence, awareness and control rate of hypertension in Malaysia.
METHODS Systematic searches were conducted in six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, CINAHL, Malaysian Medical Repository and Malaysia Citation Index) for articles published between 1980 and 2018. Two authors reviewed the studies and performed quality assessment and data extraction independently. Pooled estimates of hypertension prevalence, awareness and control rate were calculated using the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.
RESULTS We included 56 studies involving a total of 241796 participants. The overall pooled prevalence of hypertension aged ≥ 18 years was 29.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was the lowest in the 1980s (16.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 13.4, 19.0), increasing up to 36.8% (95%CI: 6.1, 67.5) in the 1990s, then decreasing to 28.7% (95%CI: 21.7, 35.8) in the 2000s and 26.8% (95%CI: 21.3, 32.3) in the 2010s. The prevalence of awareness was 51.4% (95%CI: 46.6, 56.3), while 33.3% (95%CI: 28.4, 38.2) of those on treatment had achieved control of their blood pressure.
CONCLUSION In Malaysia, three in ten adults aged ≥ 18 years have hypertension, while four in ten adults aged ≥ 30 years have hypertension. Five out of ten people are aware of their hypertension status and only one-third of those under treatment achieved control of their hypertension. Concerted efforts by policymakers and healthcare professionals to improve awareness and control of hypertension should be of high priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Jun Soo
- Department of Family Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | | | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | | | - Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Navin Kumar Devaraj
- Department of Family Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Hani Syahida Salim
- Department of Family Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Poh Ying Lim
- Department of Community Health, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | | | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Ai Theng Cheong
- Department of Family Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Yook Chin Chia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
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23
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Joshua V, Kanagasabai K, Sabarinathan R, Ravi M, Kirubakaran BK, Ramachandran V, Shete V, Gowri AK, Murhekar MV. Space time analysis of dengue fever diagnosed through a network of laboratories in India from 2014-2017. J Vector Borne Dis 2020; 57:221-225. [PMID: 34472505 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.311774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The Department of Health Research and the Indian Council of Medical Research, Government of India, have established Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory Network (VRDLN) to strengthen the laboratory capacity in the country for providing timely diagnosis of disease outbreaks. Fifty-one VRDLs were functional as on December 2017 and had reported about dengue fever across Indian states. The objectives of the study were to detect space time clusters and purely temporal clusters of dengue using Kulldorff's SaTScan statistics using patient level information; and to identify regions at greater risk of developing the disease using Kriging technique aggregating at district level. METHODS A total of 211,432 patients from 51 VRDLs were investigated for IgM antibodies or NS1 antigen against dengue virus during the period from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2017 and among them 60,096 (28.4%) were found to be positive. Kulldorff's space time analysis was used to identify significant clusters over space and time. Kriging technique was used to interpolate dengue data for areas not physically sampled using the relationship in the spatial arrangement of the data set. Maps obtained using both the methods were overlaid to identify the regions at greater risk of developing the disease. RESULTS Kulldorff Space time Scan Statistics using the Bernoulli model with monthly precision revealed eight statistically significant clusters (P <0.001) for the time period, 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2017. Eight significant clusters identified were districts of Nagpur, Jhunjhunu, Gadag, Dakshin Kannada, Kancheepuram, Sivaganga, Ernakulam and Malda. The purely temporal clusters occurred during the last quarter of 2015 and 2016. The Kriging technique identified north eastern part of the country (Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Manipur) and Gujarat. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Dengue fever has spread in all directions in the country. Hence, it is need of the hour to perform an in-depth investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasna Joshua
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | - K Kanagasabai
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | | | - M Ravi
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - Vishal Shete
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
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24
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Ramachandran V, Park KE, Torres-Cabala CA, Duvic M. Second primary malignancies in subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: a national database study. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 45:755-757. [PMID: 32359183 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Ramachandran
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K E Park
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C A Torres-Cabala
- Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of, Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Duvic
- Departments of, Department of, Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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25
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Lee KW, Ching SM, Hoo FK, Ramachandran V, Chong SC, Tusimin M, Ang FE, Mohd Nordin N, Devaraj NK. Factors associated with poor-to-moderate quality of life among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study in Malaysia. Qual Life Res 2020; 29:2725-2736. [PMID: 32430781 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02532-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify factors associated with poor-to-moderate quality of life (QOL) among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in two tertiary hospitals in Malaysia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 526 pregnant women with GDM in two tertiary hospitals in Malaysia. Diabetes-related QOL was assessed using the Asian Diabetes Quality of Life Scale (AsianDQoL). Socio-demographic characteristics, glucose monitoring treatments for GDM, past obstetric history, concurrent medical problems and a family history of diseases were captured from patient records. A multiple logistic regression was used for analysis. RESULTS A total of 526 respondents with GDM entered the analysis. The median age of the respondents was 32 (interquartile range = 7) while 82.3% were Malay women. More than half of the respondents (69.5%) received an oral hypoglycaemic agent (OHA), and/or diet modification in controlling their GDM. The study reported that 23.2% of the respondents had poor-to-moderate QOL. Those with a family history of depression and/or anxiety (adjusted Odds ratio [AOR] 6.934, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.280-21.081), and a family history of GDM (AOR 1.814, 95% CI 1.185-2.778) were at higher odds of suffering from poor-to-moderate QOL compared to those without a family history. Similarly, those who received insulin, with or without OHA, and/or are on diet modification (AOR 1.955, 95% CI 1.243-3.074) were at higher odds of suffering from poor-to-moderate QOL compared to those receiving OHA and/or diet modification. CONCLUSION Nearly one-quarter of Malaysian women with GDM have poor-to-moderate QOL. GDM women with a family history of depression and/or anxiety, family history of GDM, and those who received insulin, with or without OHA, and/or are on diet modification were associated with poor-to-moderate QOL. TRIAL REGISTRATION NMRR-17-2264-37814.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Malaysian Research Institute On Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute On Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Seng Choi Chong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maiza Tusimin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faith En Ang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noraihan Mohd Nordin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, 50586, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Navin Kumar Devaraj
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Ramachandran V, Marimuthu RR, Chinnambedu RS. World War against COVID-19: How strong is our armamentarium? Med J Malaysia 2020; 75:314-315. [PMID: 32467555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
No abstract provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ramachandran
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL RCMP), Faculty of Medicine, Preclinical Department, Ipoh, Malaysia.
| | - R R Marimuthu
- Indian Council of Medical Research, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Laboratory Division, Chennai, India
| | - R S Chinnambedu
- YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education (YRG CARE), Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Chennai, India
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27
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Pulikkotil SJ, Nath S, Ramachandran V. Determinants of periodontitis among a rural Indian population: A case control study. Community Dent Health 2020; 37:26-31. [PMID: 32031346 DOI: 10.1922/cdh_4632pulikkotil06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Identify the determinants of periodontitis in a rural Indian population aged 35-44 years. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN Case-control clinical and questionnaire study in a cluster sample of 50 villages. METHODS A total of 3000 persons were screened for the presence of periodontitis using the CDC case definition in full mouth examination. Equal numbers of cases (604 persons with periodontitis) and controls (604 without periodontitis) were recruited and interviewed with a piloted questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analysis estimated crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) respectively with 95% confidence limits. RESULTS Six factors were determined by multivariate analysis to predict periodontitis: education less than or equal to twelve years of schooling (aOR=2.51, 95% CI=1.18-5.34), alcohol consumption (aOR= 1.7, 95% CI=1.16-2.49), consuming a non-vegetarian diet (aOR=1.38, 95% CI=1.08-1.76), not drinking milk (aOR=1.7, 95% CI= 1.29-2.24), not using a toothbrush for cleaning of teeth (aOR=2.98, 95% CI =1.71-5.21) and not cleaning teeth at least once a day (aOR=2.13, 95% CI=1.58-2.87). CONCLUSION Risk factors for periodontitis in a rural Indian population were identified. Further studies should validate these findings and appropriate recommendations should be developed to decrease the prevalence and burden of periodontitis in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Pulikkotil
- Associate Professor, Department of Restorative dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Nath
- Reader, Kusum Devi Sunderlal Dugar Jain Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - V Ramachandran
- Deputy Director (Retired), National Institute of Epidemiology, India
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28
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Wan Sulaiman WA, Kamtchum-Tatuene J, Mohamed MH, Ramachandran V, Ching SM, Sazlly Lim SM, Hashim HZ, Inche Mat LN, Hoo FK, Basri H. Anti- Wolbachia therapy for onchocerciasis & lymphatic filariasis: Current perspectives. Indian J Med Res 2020; 149:706-714. [PMID: 31496523 PMCID: PMC6755775 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_454_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis (LF) are human filarial diseases belonging to the group of neglected tropical diseases, leading to permanent and long-term disability in infected individuals in the endemic countries such as Africa and India. Microfilaricidal drugs such as ivermectin and albendazole have been used as the standard therapy in filariasis, although their efficacy in eliminating the diseases is not fully established. Anti-Wolbachia therapy employs antibiotics and is a promising approach showing potent macrofilaricidal activity and also prevents embryogenesis. This has translated to clinical benefits resulting in successful eradication of microfilarial burden, thus averting the risk of adverse events from target species as well as those due to co-infection with loiasis. Doxycycline shows potential as an anti-Wolbachia treatment, leading to the death of adult parasitic worms. It is readily available, cheap and safe to use in adult non-pregnant patients. Besides doxycycline, several other potential antibiotics are also being investigated for the treatment of LF and onchocerciasis. This review aims to discuss and summarise recent developments in the use of anti-Wolbachia drugs to treat onchocerciasis and LF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences; Laboratory of Medical Gerontology, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Joseph Kamtchum-Tatuene
- Liverpool Brain Infection Group, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mohd Hazmi Mohamed
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences; Laboratory of Medical Gerontology, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Laboratory of Medical Gerontology, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sazlyna Mohd Sazlly Lim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hasnur Zaman Hashim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Liyana Najwa Inche Mat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences; Laboratory of Medical Gerontology, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hamidon Basri
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences; Laboratory of Medical Gerontology, Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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29
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Ching SM, Yee A, Lee PY, Ramachandran V, Shum KM, Ismael NF, Wan Sulaiman WA, Hoo FK, Foo YL, Lee KW, Danaee M, Tan KA. Psychometric properties of the Malay version of the diabetes empowerment scale among hospital Serdang type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using exploratory factor analysis. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:23. [PMID: 32033609 PMCID: PMC7006206 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-1280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was initiated to examine the psychometric components of the Diabetes Empowerment Scale (DES) by translating and validating the scale into the Malay language (DES-M) which is the main language spoken in Malaysia. This study can determine the level of empowerment among diabetic patients towards diabetes management. In addition, the reliability and validity of the DES-M was also demonstrated. METHODS A total of 151 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited (between June 2016 and October 2016) to complete sets of questionnaires, which were DES-M, the Malay versions of the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) for Adults and Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities Questionnaire (SDSCA). Confirmatory and Exploratory factor analysis (CFA and EFA) were carried out to determine the factor structures of the DES-M. RESULTS There were 100 males and 51 females with ages ranging from 19 to 81 years old (55 ± 13) included in this study. The instrument displayed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α =0.920) and the respective coefficients ranged from 0.65-0.84. Discriminant validity showed adequate correlations ranged from 0.257-0.744. Concurrent validity with SDSCA (Pearson's correlation = 0.313, p = 0.012). Predictive validity with DQOL (B = 0.27, p = 0.016). CFA indicated that four factor model of the DES-M has good fit to the data. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the DES-M has a good internal consistency and validity. Therefore, it is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing empowerment score among patients with diabetes in Malaysia. TRIAL REGISTRATION NMRR-16-805-30503 (IIR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia. .,Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Anne Yee
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ping Yein Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Khai Mun Shum
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Fati'Izzati Ismael
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Loong Foo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mahmoud Danaee
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kit-Aun Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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30
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Lee KW, Ching SM, Hoo FK, Ramachandran V, Chong SC, Tusimin M, Mohd Nordin N. Prevalence and factors associated with depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms among women with gestational diabetes mellitus in tertiary care centres in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019; 19:367. [PMID: 31638930 PMCID: PMC6805560 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research on antenatal depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is lacking in Malaysia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with antenatal depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms among Malaysian women with GDM. Methods This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of 526 women with GDM. Depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms are defined as the final score in mild to extremely severe risk in the severity rating scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS v.21, while multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictors of depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms. Results Prevalence of anxiety symptoms was highest (39.9%), followed by depressive symptoms (12.5%) and stress symptoms (10.6%) among women with GDM. According to multiple logistic regression analyses, younger age (OR = 0.955, 95% CI = 0.919–0.993), comorbidity with asthma (OR = 2.436, 95% CI = 1.219–4.870) and a family history of depression and anxiety (OR = 4.782, 95% CI = 1.281–17.853) had significant associations with antenatal anxiety symptoms. Being non-Muslim (OR = 2.937, 95% CI = 1.434–6.018) and having a family history of depression and anxiety (OR = 4.706, 95% CI = 1.362–16.254) had significant associations with antenatal depressive symptoms. Furthermore, being non-Muslim (OR = 2.451, 95% CI = 1.273–4.718) had a significant association with antenatal stress symptoms. Conclusions Within a population of women with GDM in Malaysia, those at higher risk of having depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms can be identified from several baseline clinical characteristics. Clinicians should be more alert so that the high-risk patients can be referred earlier for further intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia. .,Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia. .,Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Seng Choi Chong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Maiza Tusimin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Noraihan Mohd Nordin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
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Ramachandran V. Colligation of cycle graphs on one modulo N graceful labelling and its applications. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02522667.2018.1534367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Ramachandran
- Department of Mathematics, Mannar Thirumalai Naicker College, (Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University), Madurai 625004, Tamil Nadu, India
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Loya A, Ramachandran V, Nguyen HP. Second primary malignancies in patients with hidradenocarcinoma: a US national database study. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 45:453-455. [PMID: 31541477 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Loya
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - H P Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Murhekar MV, Ashok M, Kanagasabai K, Joshua V, Ravi M, Sabarinathan R, Kirubakaran BK, Ramachandran V, Shete V, Gupta N, Mehendale SM. Epidemiology of Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E Based on Laboratory Surveillance Data-India, 2014-2017. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 99:1058-1061. [PMID: 30182922 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses (HAV and HEV) are the most common etiologies of viral hepatitis in India. To better understand the epidemiology of these infections, laboratory surveillance data generated during 2014-2017, by a network of 51 virology laboratories, were analyzed. Among 24,000 patients tested for both HAV and HEV, 3,017 (12.6%) tested positive for HAV, 3,865 (16.1%) for HEV, and 320 (1.3%) for both HAV and HEV. Most (74.6%) HAV patients were aged ≤ 19 years, whereas 76.9% of HEV patients were aged ≥ 20 years. These laboratories diagnosed 12 HAV and 31 HEV clusters, highlighting the need for provision of safe drinking water and improvements in sanitation. Further expansion of the laboratory network and continued surveillance will provide data necessary for informed decision-making regarding introduction of hepatitis-A vaccine into the immunization program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj V Murhekar
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - M Ashok
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - K Kanagasabai
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Vasna Joshua
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - M Ravi
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - R Sabarinathan
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - B K Kirubakaran
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - V Ramachandran
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Vishal Shete
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Nivedita Gupta
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay M Mehendale
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
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Chow ZY, Jun SM, Ching SM, Tan CH, Lee KW, Devaraj NK, Syahida H, Ramachandran V, Hoo FK, Cheong AT, Chia YC. Prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Malaysia 1980 – 2017: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.. [DOI: 10.1101/625004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundHypertension is a common public health problem worldwide and is a well-known risk factor for increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, contributing to high morbidity and mortality. However, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis that has been done in a multi-ethnic population like Malaysia. This systematic review aims to determine the trend in prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Malaysia.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Malaysian Medical Repository and Malaysia Citation Index published between 1980 and 2017. All original articles in English were included. Studies included were those on adults aged 18 years and above. Studies of prevalence in children and adolescents and pregnancy related hypertension were excluded. Two authors independently reviewed the studies, carried out data extraction and performed quality assessment. Heterogeneity between studies and publication bias was assessed and effect size was pooled by the random effect model.ResultsFifty-six studies with a total of 241,796 subjects were included. The prevalence of hypertension throughout Malaysia varied (I2= 99.3%). The overall pooled prevalence of hypertension over the past 4 decades was 28.2% in adults aged 18 years and older (95% CI: 26.1 – 33.3) and the prevalence in those 30 years and older was 40.0% (95% CI: 35.3-44.8).For subgroup analysis, the prevalence of hypertension in male aged 18 and above was 31.4% (95% CI: 26.5 - 36.2) and 27.8% in female (95% CI: 20.7 – 34.9). The prevalence of hypertension among the ethnic groups aged 18 years and above were 37.3% in Malays (95% CI: 32.9 – 41.7); 36.4% in Chinese (95% CI 31.6 - 41.2) and 34.8% in Indians (95% CI: 31.2-38.4). The prevalence of hypertension was the lowest in the 1980s (16.2%, 95% CI: 13.4-19.0%), increases up to 36.8% in the 1990s (95% CI: 6.1-67.5), then came down to 28.7% (95% CI: 21.7-35.8) in the 2000s and 29.2% (95% CI: 24.0-34.4) in the 2010s. The prevalence of awareness was 38.7% (95% CI: 31.7 – 45.8) whereas the control of hypertension of those on treatment was 33.3% (95% CI: 28.4 – 38.2).ConclusionThree in 10 adults aged 18 years old and above have hypertension, whereas four in 10 adults aged 30 years old and above have hypertension. Four out of 10 are aware of their hypertension status and only one-third of them who were under treatment achieved control of their hypertension. Concerted efforts by policymakers and healthcare professionals to improve the awareness and control of hypertension should be of high priority.
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Mohamad NA, Ramachandran V, Mohd Isa H, Chan YM, Ngah NF, Ching SM, Hoo FK, Wan Sulaiman WA, Inche Mat LN, Mohamed MH. Association of HTRA1 and ARMS2 gene polymorphisms with response to intravitreal ranibizumab among neovascular age-related macular degenerative subjects. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:13. [PMID: 30795802 PMCID: PMC6387522 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of HTRA1 rs11200638 and ARMS2 rs10490924 gene polymorphisms with response to intravitreal ranibizumab therapy among neovascular AMD (nAMD) subjects in Malaysia was determined in this study, followed by the expression of HTRA1 and ARMS2 genes. RESULTS Both single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) recorded a significant association between nAMD and controls with HTRA1 rs11200638 at P = 0.018 (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.07-215) and ARMS2 rs10490924 at P < 0.001 (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.75-3.42). An association was also observed in response to ranibizumab for both SNPs in a logistic regression analysis (P < 0.001). The mRNA levels in the HTRA1 variant between responder and non-responder groups were significantly different for the homozygous non-risk GG genotype (P = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS The HTRA1 rs11200638 and ARMS2 rs10490924 gene polymorphisms are associated with nAMD among Malaysians. Both gene polymorphisms were also correlated with response to intravitreal ranibizumab therapy based on visual and anatomical outcomes especially the HTRA1 rs11200638 variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia
| | - Hazlita Mohd Isa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Yoke Mun Chan
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia
| | - Nor Fariza Ngah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Selayang, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, 68100 Batu Caves, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia
| | - Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia
| | - Liyana Najwa Inche Mat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazmi Mohamed
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia
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Lee KW, Ching SM, Ramachandran V, Yee A, Hoo FK, Chia YC, Wan Sulaiman WA, Suppiah S, Mohamed MH, Veettil SK. Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18:494. [PMID: 30547769 PMCID: PMC6295048 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-018-2131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a of the major public health issues in Asia. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for GDM in Asia via a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Ovid, Scopus and ScienceDirect for observational studies in Asia from inception to August 2017. We selected cross sectional studies reporting the prevalence and risk factors for GDM. A random effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of GDM and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Eighty-four studies with STROBE score ≥ 14 were included in our analysis. The pooled prevalence of GDM in Asia was 11.5% (95% CI 10.9-12.1). There was considerable heterogeneity (I2 > 95%) in the prevalence of GDM in Asia, which is likely due to differences in diagnostic criteria, screening methods and study setting. Meta-analysis demonstrated that the risk factors of GDM include history of previous GDM (OR 8.42, 95% CI 5.35-13.23); macrosomia (OR 4.41, 95% CI 3.09-6.31); and congenital anomalies (OR 4.25, 95% CI 1.52-11.88). Other risk factors include a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (OR 3.27, 95% CI 2.81-3.80); pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR 3.20, 95% CI 2.19-4.68); family history of diabetes (OR 2.77, 2.22-3.47); history of stillbirth (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.68-3.40); polycystic ovary syndrome (OR 2.33, 95% CI1.72-3.17); history of abortion (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.54-3.29); age ≥ 25 (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.96-2.41); multiparity ≥2 (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.24-1.52); and history of preterm delivery (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.21-3.07). CONCLUSION We found a high prevalence of GDM among the Asian population. Asian women with common risk factors especially among those with history of previous GDM, congenital anomalies or macrosomia should receive additional attention from physician as high-risk cases for GDM in pregnancy. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO (2017: CRD42017070104 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Anne Yee
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Malaya Center for Addiction Sciences (UMCAS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yook Chin Chia
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Subapriya Suppiah
- Department of Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazmi Mohamed
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sajesh K. Veettil
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mohamad NA, Ramachandran V, Ismail P, Mohd Isa H, Chan YM, Ngah NF, Md Bakri N, Ching SM, Hoo FK, Wan Sulaiman WA, Inche Mat LN, Hazmi Mohamed M. Analysis of the association between CFH Y402H polymorphism and response to intravitreal ranibizumab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2018; 18:260-267. [PMID: 29579408 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2018.2493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacogenetic studies indicate that a variable response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with neovascular form of AMD (nAMD) may be due to polymorphisms in the complement factor H gene (CFH). This study is the first to investigate the association between CFH Y402H polymorphism and the response to ranibizumab therapy in Malaysian patients with nAMD. We included 134 patients with nAMD, examined between September 2014 and February 2016. The diagnosis of nAMD was confirmed by ophthalmologic examination, before ranibizumab therapy was started. Each patient received an intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg/0.05 ml ranibizumab following a treat-and-extend (TE) regimen. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) were recorded after 3 and 6 months following the first injection and compared with the baseline values. Genotyping of Y402H (rs1061170) polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP and the amplified product was digested with MluCI restriction enzyme. Association between the Y402H genotypes and response to treatment was determined by a logistic regression analysis of responder (n = 49) and non-responder (n = 84) group. Significantly worse mean BCVA was observed for the CC genotype compared to the TT + CT genotype in the total sample after 6-month follow-up (p = 0.018). Comparing the baseline and 6-month point measurements, improved mean BCVA was observed in responder group, while worse mean BCVA was recorded for non-responder group. However, our regression analysis, adjusted for confounding factors, showed no significant association between the Y402H genotypes and response to treatment in nAMD patients under the recessive model (p > 0.05). Overall, our results suggest that factors other than Y402H polymorphism may be involved in the progression of nAMD after treatment with anti-VEGF agents, in Malaysian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia.
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Md Bakri N, Ramachandran V, Hoo FK, Subrayan V, Isa H, Ngah NF, Mohamad NA, Ching SM, Chan YM, Ismail P, Ismail F, Sukiman ES, Wan Sulaiman WA. Copy number variation in VEGF gene as a biomarker of susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Boo YL, Inche Mat LN, P’ng HS, Ching SM, Ramachandran V, Wan Sulaiman WA, Mohammad Sallehuddin H, Mohamed MH, Loong FY, Kee HF. Perception of adults on electronic cigarettes (E-cigarette) in a malaysian tertiary care centre. J Cancer Policy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Joshua V, Murhekar MV, Ashok M, Kanagasabai K, Ravi M, Sabarinathan R, Kirubakaran BK, Ramachandran V, Gupta N, Mehendale S. Mapping dengue cases through a national network of laboratories, 2014-2015. Indian J Med Res 2018; 144:938-941. [PMID: 28474634 PMCID: PMC5433290 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_673_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vasna Joshua
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai 600 077, India
| | | | - M Ashok
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - K Kanagasabai
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - M Ravi
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - R Sabarinathan
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - B K Kirubakaran
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - V Ramachandran
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - Nivedita Gupta
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110 29, India
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Mohamad NA, Ramachandran V, Ismail P, Mohd Isa H, Chan YM, Ngah NF, Md Bakri N, Ching SM, Hoo FK, Wan Sulaiman WA. Prevalence and treatment patterns of ranibizumab and photodynamic therapy in a tertiary care setting in Malaysia. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:1889-1897. [PMID: 29259909 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.12.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe the prevalence and changes in treatment patterns of ranibizumab and photodynamic therapy (PDT) among retinal disease patients who attended the Ophthalmology Clinic in the tertiary care Hospital Selayang from 2010 to 2014. METHODS Study subjects were recruited retrospectively using the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) database software in Hospital Selayang. Demographic data, medical history, diagnostic procedure, treatments and diagnosis of patients were recorded. RESULTS The five-year analysis included 821 patients with a mean age of 65.9±11.73y. Overall, there were a higher number of males (63.1%) and a higher number of Chinese (47.4%) patients. Among the 821 patients, 62.9% received ranibizumab injection followed by 19.2% PDT therapy and 17.9% had ranibizumab combined with PDT therapy. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) were the most common retinal eye diseases reported, recording prevalence of 25.0% and 45.6%, respectively. The trend in ranibizumab treatment was reported to increase while PDT showed a decrease in trend from year 2010 to 2014. In terms of treatment, following multiple logistic regression, AMD was associated with the subjects being more likely to have received ranibizumab monotherapy (P<0.001) while PCV was associated with more likely to have received PDT (P<0.001) and PDT combined with ranibizumab therapy (P<0.001). CONCLUSION The tertiary care setting in Malaysia is consistent with management of patients from other countries whereby ranibizumab is the most common treatment given to patients with AMD, while PCV patients most commonly receive PDT and ranibizumab combined with PDT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE 43400, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE 43400, Malaysia
| | - Patimah Ismail
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE 43400, Malaysia
| | - Hazlita Mohd Isa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Mun Chan
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE 43400, Malaysia.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE 43400, Malaysia
| | - Nor Fariza Ngah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Selayang, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, Batu Caves 68100, Malaysia
| | - Norshakimah Md Bakri
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE 43400, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE 43400, Malaysia
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE 43400, Malaysia
| | - Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE 43400, Malaysia
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Kanagasabai K, Joshua V, Ravi M, Sabarinathan R, Kirubakaran BK, Ramachandran V, Murhekar MV. Epidemiology of Japanese Encephalitis in India: Analysis of laboratory surveillance data, 2014-2017. J Infect 2017; 76:317-320. [PMID: 28970044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasna Joshua
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Muthusamy Ravi
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - R Sabarinathan
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - B K Kirubakaran
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - V Ramachandran
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Manoj V Murhekar
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
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Mohamad NA, Ramachandran V, Ismail P, Mohd Isa H, Chan YM, Ngah NF, Md Bakri N, Ching SM, Hoo FK, Wan Sulaiman WA. VEGF Polymorphisms Among Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degenerative Subjects in a Multiethnic Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2017; 21:600-607. [PMID: 28926292 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2017.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred thirty-five nAMD patients and 135 controls were recruited to determine the association of the -460 C/T, the -2549 I/D, and the +405 G/C polymorphisms with the VEGF gene. Genotyping was conducted using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) approach, and association analyses were conducted using chi-square analysis and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A significant association was observed between nAMD and the VEGF +405 G/C genotypes (p = 0.002) and alleles (odds ratio = 1.36, 95% confidence interval = 1.12-1.62, p = < 0.001) compared with the controls. This association was confirmed by logistic regression analyses, using two different genetic models (additive and dominant) resulting in p-values of p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively. In addition, the dominant model of VEGF +405 G/C was also found to be at risk of the CC genotype with nAMD among subjects that were aged ≥60 years, female, of Chinese ethnicity, hypertensive, diabetic, and smokers. CONCLUSION With the exception of several limitations, the present study showed evidence of an association between the VEGF +405 G/C polymorphism and nAMD in Malaysian subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- 1 Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing , Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Patimah Ismail
- 2 Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hazlita Mohd Isa
- 3 Department of Ophthalmology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Mun Chan
- 1 Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing , Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia .,4 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nor Fariza Ngah
- 5 Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Selayang , Batu Caves, Malaysia
| | - Norshakimah Md Bakri
- 1 Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing , Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- 6 Department of Family Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Fan Kee Hoo
- 7 Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
- 7 Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang, Malaysia
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Bakri NM, Ramachandran V, Kee HF, Subrayan V, Isa H, Ngah NF, Mohamad NA, Mooi CS, Mun CY, Ismail P, Ismail F, Sukiman ES, Wan Sulaiman WA. Association of copy number variations in complement factor H-Related genes among age-related macular degenerative subjects. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017; 33:602-608. [PMID: 29132549 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most widely recognised cause of irreversible vision loss and previous studies have suggested that the advancement of wet AMD is influenced by both modifiable and non-modifiable elements. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and copy number of variations (CNVs) have been associated with AMD in various populations, however the results are conflicting. Our aim is to determine the CNVs of Complement Factor H-Related genes among Malaysian subjects with wet AMD. 130 patients with wet AMD and 120 healthy controls were included in this research. DNA was extracted from all subjects and CNVs of CFH, CFHR1 and CFHR3 genes; determined using quantitative real-time PCR and were compared between the two groups. A consistent association was observed between CFH gene and wet AMD susceptibility (P < 0.05). The age-adjusted data suggests a possible increased risk of AMD disease (P < 0.05). No correlation was detected between CNVs and wet AMD for the remaining genes after we compared the frequencies of mean for that gene. An association was observed between CFH CNVs and wet AMD in the Malaysian population, however, strong evidence of a link with wet AMD was not found. Further investigative studies are needed using larger sample sizes to elucidate the role of CNVs in AMD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norshakimah Md Bakri
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia.
| | - Hoo Fan Kee
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Visvaraja Subrayan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pusat Perubatan Universiti of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hazlita Isa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Ching Siew Mooi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Chan Yoke Mun
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Patimah Ismail
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Fazliana Ismail
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pusat Perubatan Universiti of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Erma Suryana Sukiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Wan Alia Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
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Khazaei S, Ramachandran V, Abdul hamid R, Mohd Esa N, Etemad A, Moradipoor S, Ismail P. Flower extract of Allium atroviolaceum triggered apoptosis, activated caspase-3 and down-regulated antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene in HeLa cancer cell line. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:1216-1226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Khazaei S, Abdul Hamid R, Mohd Esa N, Ramachandran V, Aalam GTF, Etemad A, Ismail P. Promotion of HepG2 cell apoptosis by flower of Allium atroviolaceum and the mechanism of action. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:104. [PMID: 28187719 PMCID: PMC5303252 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Liver cancer is a high incidence and fatal disease, the fifth most frequent cancer worldwide that is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. The number of deaths from liver cancer has not declined even following various therapies. Plant secondary metabolites and their semi-synthetic derivatives play a principal role in anti-cancer drug therapy, since they are effective in the treatment of specific characteristics while also reducing side effects. Allium atroviolaceum, a plant of the genus Allium has been used in folk medicine to protect against several diseases. However, cytotoxicity and the anti-proliferative effect of Allium atroviolaceum remain unclear. This work aims to investigate the anticancer properties of Allium atroviolaceum and the mechanism of action. Methods To evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of flower of Allium atroviolaceum, methanol extract at a dose range from 100 to 3.12 μg/ml was assessed against the HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cell line, and also on normal 3T3 cells, by monitoring proliferation using the MTT assay method. A microscopy study was undertaken to observe morphological changes of HepG2 cells after treatment and cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were studied using flow cytometry. The apoptosis mechanism of action was assessed by the level of caspase-3 activity and expression of apoptosis related genes, Bcl-2, Cdk1 and p53. The combination effect of the methanolic extract with doxorubicin was also investigated by determination of a combination index. Results The results demonstrated growth inhibition of cells in both dose- and time-dependent manners, while no cytotoxic effect on normal cell 3T3 was found. The results revealed the occurrence of apoptosis, illustrated by sub-G0 cell cycle arrest, the change in morphological feature and annexin-V and propidium iodide staining, which is correlated with Bcl-2 downregulation and caspase-3 activity, but p53-independent. In addition, a combination of Allium atroviolaceum and doxorubicin led to a significant synergistic effect. Conclusion These findings suggest that Allium atroviolaceum flower extract has potential as a potent cytotoxic agent against HepG2 cell lines, as it has commendable anti-proliferative activities against human hepatocarcinoma and it can be considered as an effective adjuvant therapeutic agent after the clinical trials.
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Khazaei S, Esa NM, Ramachandran V, Hamid RA, Pandurangan AK, Etemad A, Ismail P. In vitro Antiproliferative and Apoptosis Inducing Effect of Allium atroviolaceum Bulb Extract on Breast, Cervical, and Liver Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:5. [PMID: 28197098 PMCID: PMC5281556 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products are considered potent sources for novel drug discovery and development. The multiple therapeutic effects of natural compounds in traditional medicine motivate us to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of bulb of Allium atroviolaceum in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231, HeLa and HepG2 cell lines. The bulb methanol extract of A. atroviolaceum was found to be an active cell proliferation inhibitor at the time and dose dependent manner. Determination of DNA content by flow cytometry demonstrated S and G2/M phase arrest of MCF-7 cell, correlated to Cdk1 downregulation, S phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 which is p53 and Cdk1-dependent, sub-G0 cell cycle arrest in HeLa aligned with Cdk1 downregulation, G0/G1, S, G2/M phase arrest in HepG2 which is p53-dependent. Apoptosis as the mechanism of cell death was confirmed by morphology study, caspases activity assay, as well as apoptosis related gene expression, Bcl-2. Caspase-8, -9, and -3 activity with downregulation of Bcl-2 illustrated occurrence of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways in MCF7, while caspase-3 and -8 activity revealed extrinsic pathway of apoptosis, although Bcl-2 downregulated. In HeLa cells, the activity of caspase-9 and -3 and downregulation of Bcl-2 shows intrinsic pathway or mitochondrial pathway, whereas HepG2 shows caspase independent apoptosis. Further, the combination of the extract with tamoxifen against MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 and combination with doxorubicin against HeLa and HeG2 demonstrated synergistic effect in most concentrations, suggests that the bulb of A. atroviolaceum may be useful for the treatment of cancer lonely or in combination with other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Khazaei
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Norhaizan M Esa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Roslida A Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ashok K Pandurangan
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Etemad
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Patimah Ismail
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, Malaysia
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Ramachandran V, D‘Souza T. Extractable zinc and manganese as related to applied cadmium in contrasting Indian soils. Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09542299.1997.11771995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lee TY, Lai MI, Ramachandran V, Tan JAMA, Teh LK, Othman R, Hussein NH, George E. Rapid detection of α-thalassaemia variants using droplet digital PCR. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:435-43. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T.-Y. Lee
- Department of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Malaysia
| | - M.-I. Lai
- Department of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Malaysia
| | - V. Ramachandran
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Malaysia
| | - J. A. M. A. Tan
- Department of Biomedical Science; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - L.-K. Teh
- Department of Biomedical Science; Faculty of Science; Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman; Kampar Malaysia
| | - R. Othman
- Department of Pathology; Hospital Kuala Lumpur; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - N. H. Hussein
- Department of Pathology; Hospital Kuala Lumpur; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - E. George
- Department of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; Serdang Malaysia
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