1
|
Yamany AS, Abdel-Gaber R. Identification of fourth-instar larvae of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) employing scanning electron microscopic tool. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:933-947. [PMID: 38169076 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is a vector of numerous viruses in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including encephalitis and dengue fever. Although the identification keys depend exclusively on the characteristics of the fourth larval instar, the studies were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the morphology of Ae. albopictus are still insufficient, and more research is required. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to present a comprehensive description of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes based on the morphological features of their fourth-instar larvae to distinguish them from other mosquito species. Antennae, feeding mouth brushes, mandibles, maxillae, labia, comb scales, anal papillae, siphon, respiratory spiracles, and pecten teeth were among the morphological features specifically described using SEM. The sensilla trichoidea and the sensilla basiconica are the sensory spicules found on the antennal integument. The labrum is a tessellated membrane with two movable brushes on the sides and one middle brush. The mandibles have four sellar setae on the anterolateral side, and the maxillae, which have a thumb-like structure and a palp located laterally and about four-fifths of the way from the maxillary brush base to the maxillary notch, are the articulating appendages. On the apex of the palp, there are five sensilla. The eighth abdominal segment is a tiny pentagonal structure with 12 comb scales laterally and a respiratory siphon dorsally. The siphon has two rows of pectin teeth, with 12 teeth per row. Four pairs of siphonal tufts and five perispiracular lobes surround the respiratory spiracles. The anal segment has four anal papillae, a ventral brush, a dorsal brush, and an incomplete saddle. The findings demonstrate that the fourth-instar larvae of Ae. albopictus have distinctive morphological features, which are crucial for understanding their key characteristics and identifying them, preventing inaccurate identification, and facilitating the control of diseases transmitted by the mosquito vector. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: A detailed description of various taxonomical interest structures for the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes albopictus is included in this study. Scanning electron microscopy is considered a helpful technique for identifying Ae. albopictus larvae in their fourth instar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer S Yamany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Department of Biology, University College, Hafr Al Batin University, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rajput BS, Manokari M, Solanki NJ, Sandhya D, Faisal M, Alatar AA, Shekhawat MS. Silver nanoparticle-induced in vitro flowering in Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) nees and genetic fidelity assessment of regenerants using molecular markers. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:501. [PMID: 38598057 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees, generally referred to as 'Male bamboo,' is a globally prevalent and highly significant species of bamboo. It is a versatile species and possesses notable industrial significance. However, despite its numerous applications, the production of this plant is insufficient to fulfill the worldwide demand. The challenges that impede the dissemination of D. strictus encompass the unpredictable blooming pattern (30-70 years), low seed production, and limited seed viability. Therefore, tissue culture presents a reliable and effective option for the mass production of standardized planting material. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS This study investigated the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at a concentration of 6.0 mg L- 1 in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium fortified with pre-optimized plant growth regulators (3.0 mg L- 1 6-benzylaminopurine + 0.5 mg L- 1 α-naphthalene acetic acid) on the induction of flowering in a controlled environment in D. strictus. The use of AgNPs in the media induced a maximum of 14 inflorescences per culture vessel, 9 flowers per inflorescence, and improved the performance of the micropropagated plantlets during acclimatization in the greenhouse and field. The ISSR and SCoT amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of the regenerants resulted in the formation of 49 bands (300 to 2000 bp size) and 36 scorable bands (350 to 2000 bp) respectively. All the PCR amplicons produced by SCoT and ISSR were monomorphic confirming the genetic uniformity of the tissue cultured plants of D. strictus with the mother plant. CONCLUSIONS It can be inferred that the incorporation of AgNPs during the shoot proliferation phase has the potential to stimulate in vitro flowering in D. strictus. This finding could provide valuable insights into innovative strategies for enhancing crop productivity and genetic manipulation for accelerated breeding and agricultural advancement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Singh Rajput
- Prem Sarita Agri Biotech Ltd., Rajpipla, Dist. Narmada, 393145, Gujarat, India
| | - M Manokari
- Biotechnology Unit, Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Puducherry, 605 008, India
- Department of Botany, Siddha Clinical Research Unit, Central Council for Research in Siddha, Palayamkottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nitin J Solanki
- Prem Sarita Agri Biotech Ltd., Rajpipla, Dist. Narmada, 393145, Gujarat, India
| | - Dulam Sandhya
- Department of Biotechnology, Kakatiya University, Warangal, 506 009, Telangana, India
| | - Mohammad Faisal
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Alatar
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahipal S Shekhawat
- Biotechnology Unit, Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Puducherry, 605 008, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
AlNadhari S, Abbasova G, Al-Qahtani WH, Zengin G, Islamov S, Mammadova AO, Azad AK, Mammadova S, Jaradat N, Babayeva U, Humbatov M, Ganbarov D, Beylerli O, Beilerli A, Toker ÖS, Biturku J, Kiren I. Assessment of the botanical origin of Saudi Arabian honey samples to identify pollen with chromatographic tools and packing and storage. Biomed Chromatogr 2024:e5869. [PMID: 38599336 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The increasing demand for honey purification and authentication necessitates the global utilization of advanced processing tools. Common honey processing techniques, such as chromatography, are commonly used to assess the quality and quantity of valuable honey. In this study, 15 honey samples were authenticated using HPLC and GC-MS chromatographic methods to analyze their pollen spectrum. Various monofloral honey samples were collected, including Acacia, Hypoestes, Lavandula, Tamarix, Trifolium, and Ziziphus species, based on accurate identification by apiarists in 2023 from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Honey analysis revealed the extraction of pollen from 20 different honeybee floral species. Pollen identified from honey samples using advanced chromatographic tools revealed dominant vegetation resources: Ziziphus species (23%), Acacia species (25%), Tamarix species (34%), Lavandula species (26%), Hypoestes species (34%), and Trifolium species (31%). This study uses HPLC to extract phenolic compounds, revealing dominant protocatechuic acid (4.71 mg g-1), and GC-MS to analyze organic compounds in honey pollen. Specifically, 2-dodecanone was detected with a retention time of 7.34 min. The utilization of chromatographic tools in assessing honey samples for pollen identification provides a reliable and efficient method for determining their botanical origins, thereby contributing to the quality control and authentication of honey products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saleh AlNadhari
- College of Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wahidah H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sokhib Islamov
- Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Afat O Mammadova
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Abul Kalam Azad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University College of MAIWP International, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | | | | | - Dashgin Ganbarov
- Doctor of Biological Sciences, Nakhchivan State University, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- entral Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Aferin Beilerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Ömer Said Toker
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jonida Biturku
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Department of Agronomy Sciences, Agriculture University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Ifrah Kiren
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Almurshedi AS, Radwan MA, Al Quadeib B, Aldosari B, Alfagih IM, Almarshidy SS. Pharmacokinetics of Afatinib after Intravenous and Oral Administrations in Rats Using Validated UPLC MS/MS Assay. J Chromatogr Sci 2024; 62:249-256. [PMID: 36617945 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Afatinib is designated as the first-line management therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, and metastatic head and neck cancer. LC coupled to MS/MS can be utilised in therapeutic drug monitoring to ensure optimal use of Afatinib with the reduction of its possible adverse reactions. The aim of this investigation was to determine the pharmacokinetics of Afatinib in rats after single IV (2 mg/kg) and oral (8 mg/kg) doses. Therefore, a selective, sensitive and precise UPLC MS/MS assay thru electrospray ionisation basis with positive ionisation approach was established to measure Afatinib concentrations in the rat. The precision and accuracy of the developed assay method in the concentration range of 10-1000 ng/ml show no significant difference among inter- and-intra-day analysis (P > 0.05). Linearity was detected over the studied range with correlation coefficient, r > 0.995 (n = 6/day). The pharmacokinetics of Afatinib in the rat after a single IV dose showed a mean terminal half-life of 4.6 ± 0.97 h, and a mean clearance 480 ± 80 ml/h/kg. After PO administration, a short absorption phase with a mean Tmax of 1.3 ± 0.6 h with the highest concentration of 513.9 ± 281.1 ng/ml, and the lowest concentration detected after 24 h was 18.8 ± 10.7 ng/ml.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alanood S Almurshedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 12331 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahasen A Radwan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice/Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo-Suez Road, 11829 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bushra Al Quadeib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 12331 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah Aldosari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 12331 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman M Alfagih
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 12331 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma S Almarshidy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 12331 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vivekanandhan P, Alahmadi TA, Ansari MJ. Pathogenicity of Metarhizium rileyi (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) against Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). J Basic Microbiol 2024:e2300744. [PMID: 38466146 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Tenebrio molitor L., also known as the mealworm, is a polyphagous insect pest that infests various stored grains worldwide. Both the adult and larval stages can cause significant damage to stored grains. The present study focused on isolating entomopathogenic fungi from an infected larval cadaver under environmental conditions. Fungal pathogenicity was tested on T. molitor larvae and pupae for 12 days. Entomopathogenic fungi were identified using biotechnological methods based on their morphology and the sequence of their nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The results of the insecticidal activity indicate that the virulence of fungi varies between the larval and pupal stages. In comparison to the larval stage, the pupal stage is highly susceptible to Metarhizium rileyi, exhibiting 100% mortality rates after 12 days (lethal concentration 50 [LC50 ] = 7.8 × 106 and lethal concentration 90 (LC90 ) = 2.1 × 1013 conidia/mL), whereas larvae showed 92% mortality rates at 12 days posttreatment (LC50 = 1.0 × 106 and LC90 = 3.0 × 109 conidia/mL). The enzymatic analyses revealed a significant increase in the levels of the insect enzymes superoxide dismutase (4.76-10.5 mg-1 ) and glutathione S-transferase (0.46-6.53 mg-1 ) 3 days after exposure to M. rileyi conidia (1.5 × 105 conidia/mL) compared to the control group. The findings clearly show that M. rileyi is an environmentally friendly and effective microbial agent for controlling the larvae and pupae of T. molitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perumal Vivekanandhan
- Department of General Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tahani A Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad J Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abdel-Gaber R, Al-Shaebi EM, Yehia RS, Omer SA, El-Khadragy MF, Al Quraishy S, Mohammed OB. Identification of sheep eimerian parasites, Eimeria crandallis and Eimeria faurei, employing microscopic and molecular tools. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:310-323. [PMID: 37867370 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Coccidiosis, caused by apicomplexan Eimeria species, is a protozoan disease that affects various species of wild and domestic animals. However, data available on Eimeria diversity in ruminants in Saudi Arabia is meagre. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate some eimerian parasites infecting sheep (Sawakni and Harrie breeds) using microscopy and molecular methods for the first time in Saudi Arabia. Twenty-four fecal samples were collected from sheep farms. Based on the floatation technique, eimerian oocysts were observed in 8 of the 24 (33.33%) fecal samples. The coccidian-positive samples were subjected to fecal culture in a shallow layer of 2.5% potassium dichromate (K2 Cr2 O7 ). Detected eimerian oocysts were described micromorphometrically as the basis for traditional oocyst identification. Morphologically, the sporulated oocysts were similar to those of sheep eimerian parasies; Eimeria faurei and Eimeria crandallis. PCR products from the two eimerian species detected from Sawakni and Harrie breeds were sequenced and were found to be distinct from each other with mutations at five positions. One of them clustered with E. crandallis with 99.8%-100% identity with sequences available in GenBank. E. crandallis was obtained from two Sawakni sheep and two Harrie sheep. The other sequences grouped with E. faurei with 99.8% identity with the only sequences available in GenBank. E. crandallis was detected from both Sawakni and Harrie breeds whereas E. faurei was detected only from Sawakni sheep. The findings of this study have implications for the importance of morphometric identification with advanced molecular tools to confirm the identities of sheep Eimeria species and to address the taxonomic study of this eimeriid parasite at the species level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam M Al-Shaebi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramy S Yehia
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sawsan A Omer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal F El-Khadragy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama B Mohammed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alamari G, Abdel-Gaber R, Al-Shaebi EM, Al-Quraishy S. Anticoccidial and jejunum-protective effects of Krameria lappacea roots extract on experimental Eimeria papillata infection. Microsc Res Tech 2024. [PMID: 38407507 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Coccidiosis is a protozoan parasitic disease caused by Eimeria species and affects wild and domestic animals. Coccidiostats are currently available to control this disease, although drug resistance has been confirmed for all of them. As a result, there is an urgent need to identify eco-friendly agents to control and treat this disease. This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative role of the Krameria lappacea roots extract (KLRE) on the outcome of coccidiosis induced by Eimeria papillata. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into seven groups (5 mice/group), as follows: Group 1: noninfected-nontreated (control group), Group 2: noninfected-treated group with KLRE (200 mg/kg), Group 3: infected-nontreated group, Group 4: infected-treated group with KLRE (50 mg/kg), Group 5: infected-treated group with KLRE (100 mg/kg), Group 6: infected-treated group with KLRE (200 mg/kg), and Group 7: infected-treated group with amprolium (120 mg/kg). Groups (3-7) were inoculated orally with 1 × 103 sporulated E. papillata oocysts. One hour after infection, groups (4-6) were daily treated for 5 days with KLRE and amprolium. On day 5 postinfection, oocyst output was determined, and mice were euthanized for the collection of jejuna then preparation of histological sections and jejunal homogenate was used for the determination of biochemical and oxidative damage markers. The coccidial infection induced weight loss of mice by 3.971%, which improved after KLRE to -1.512%. After KLRE treatment, the rate of feed intake was improved to be 52.21 ± 2.30 than those in infected group (40.47 ± 2.25). Oocyst output was significantly reduced in mice treated with KLRE (1.308 × 106 oocysts/g.feces) compared with those in the infected group (5.387 × 106 oocysts/g.feces). E. papillata infection induced marked histological alterations within jejunum tissue. After treatment, KLRE was able to impair the development of parasite stages (meronts, gamonts, and developing oocysts) in the jejunum through a significant reduction of number and size in comparison with the infected group. Infection with E. papillata induced a disturbance in the nutrient absorption in the jejunal mice tissue, which improved after the treatment with KLRE and amprolium. Also, KLRE counteracted significantly the E. papillata-induced loss of reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity. Our findings indicate that KLRE could be used as an alternative to the available coccidiostats currently available. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Krameria lappacea exhibit significant anticoccidial and antioxidant activities induced by E. papillata infection. Krameria lappacea exhibit significant improvement in the pathological alterations of the jejunal tissue induced by E. papillata infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Alamari
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam M Al-Shaebi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dhandapani P, Srinivasan V, Parthipan P, AlSalhi MS, Devanesan S, Narenkumar J, Rajamohan R, Ezhilselvi V, Rajasekar A. Development of an environmentally sustainable technique to minimize the sludge production in the textile effluent sector through an electrokinetic (EK) coupled with electrooxidation (EO) approach. Environ Geochem Health 2024; 46:81. [PMID: 38367190 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01847-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
This study presents an environmentally sustainable method for minimizing sludge production in the textile effluent sector through the combined application of electrokinetic (EK) and electrooxidation (EO) processes. AAS and XRF analyses reveal that utilizing acidic electrolytes in the EK method successfully eliminates heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Zn, and Cr) from sludge, demonstrating superior efficiency compared to alkaline conditions. In addition, the total removal efficiency of COD contents was calculated following the order of EK-3 (60%), EK-1 (51%) and EK-2 (34%). Notably, EK-3, leveraging pH gradient fluctuations induced by anolyte in the catholyte reservoir, outperforms other EK systems in removing COD from sludge. The EK process is complemented by the EO process, leading to further degradation of dye and other organic components through the electrochemical generation of hypochlorite (940 ppm). At an alkaline pH of 10.0, the color and COD removal were effectively achieved at 98 and 70% in EO treatment, compared to other mediums. In addition, GC-MS identified N-derivative residues at the end of the EO. This study demonstrates an integrated approach that effectively eliminates heavy metals and COD from textile sludge, combining EK with EO techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perumal Dhandapani
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632115, India
| | - Venkatesan Srinivasan
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632115, India
| | - Punniyakotti Parthipan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - Mohamad S AlSalhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jayaraman Narenkumar
- Department of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil Engineering (SCE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Rajaram Rajamohan
- Organic Materials Synthesis Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Varathan Ezhilselvi
- Indian Reference Materials (BND) Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Aruliah Rajasekar
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632115, India.
- Adjunct Faculty, Department of Prothodontics, Saveetha Dental Collge and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 077, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Negm AE, Abo-Raya MH, Gabr AM, Baloza SH, El-Nokrashy A, Prince A, Arana D, Wang Y, Abdelazeem S, Albadrani GM, Al-Ghadi MQ, Abdeen A, Shukry M, El-Sayed Khalafallah MM. Effects of phytase enzyme supplementation on growth performance, intestinal morphology and metabolism in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024. [PMID: 38356017 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Phytase is crucial in enhancing the bioavailability and release of phosphorus and other nutrients bound to phytic acid, making them more bioavailable for animal absorption. This study was carried out to inspect the effect of supplementing low phosphorus (P) diet with di-calcium phosphate (DCP) and liquid phytase enzyme (LP), which contains 1500 FTU/kg, on growth performance, intestinal morphometry, proximate body chemical composition, blood profile, immunity status, liver mitochondrial enzyme activities, the expression response and economic returns of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Three triplicate groups of fish (initial weight 5.405 ± 0.045 g, N = 90) were fed on three different diets for 90 days. The first was a control diet with zero DCP; the second was a control diet supplemented with 0.71% DCP; the third was a control diet supplemented with 0.03% LP. The groups were designated as CG, DCP and LP, respectively. Results showed that LP induced considerable improvements (p < 0.05) in FBW, body weight gain, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, HIS, viscero-somatic index, spleen-somatic index, feed conversion ratio, blood parameters and the histomorphometry assessment of intestinal villi absorptive capacity, compared with the other groups. Also, whole-body protein and lipid contents pointedly (p < 0.05) increased by LP, compared with the DCP group. A positive response (p < 0.05) to the phytase enzyme was noted in complexes I, III and IV of the mitochondrial liver complex enzyme activity. Likewise, the relative gene expression levels of (GHr-1, IGF-1, FAS and LPL) were notably (p < 0.05) upregulated by phytase enzyme, associated with DCP and control groups. Further, phytase recorded the highest total return and profit percentage. It can be concluded that Nile tilapia benefits from using phytase enzyme 1500 FTU/kg at 0.03% without adding DCP in terms of good performance and profits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E Negm
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Abo-Raya
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Gabr
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Samar H Baloza
- Genetic and Genetic Engineering, Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Asmaa El-Nokrashy
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Abdelbary Prince
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shimaa Abdelazeem
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muath Q Al-Ghadi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Malik M El-Sayed Khalafallah
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Feng N, Wang Z, Sun D, Zhang L, Xin X, Sun P, Azam M, Li H. Kinetically Controlled Structural Modulation of the Self-Assembled Silver Nanoclusters. Small 2024; 20:e2305366. [PMID: 37792210 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters (NCs) with atomic precision are growing into a fascinating class of building blocks for supramolecular chemistry. What makes it more interesting is the enhanced optical properties of the ordered structures, including aggregation-induced emission (AIE). However, algorithm dictating the self-assembly of metal NCs in multicomponent environment remains largely unknown, and effective means to manipulate the self-assembly is still lacking, especially under kinetic control. Herein, nanofibers which contain sub-1 nm nanowires and exhibit circularly polarized phosphorescence (CPP) are obtained from crystallization-induced self-assembly (CISA) of water-soluble, negatively charged silver NCs (Ag9 -NCs) in the presence of glutamic acid (Glu). By the introduction of a positively-charged additive (choline chloride, CC), the structure of the nanowires is modulated and the lateral interaction between adjacent nanofibers is adjusted, leading to simultaneous improvement of the phosphorescence and chirality which finally enhances CPP. Importantly, changing the time at which CC is introduced altered the kinetic pathway of the CISA, which enables to effectively manipulate both the final structures of the self-assembled Ag9 -NCs and the output of the optical signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Feng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Di Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of China Research Institute of Daily Chemistry Co., Ltd, Sinolight Corporation, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Xia Xin
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Mohammad Azam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bhat SA, Zargar MI, Wani SUD, Mohiuddin I, Masoodi MH, Shakeel F, Ali M, Mehdi S. In-vitro evaluation of Indigofera heterantha extracts for antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activities. J Pharm Health Care Sci 2024; 10:7. [PMID: 38268049 PMCID: PMC10809583 DOI: 10.1186/s40780-024-00328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant bacterial strains cause several serious infections that can be fatal, such as Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacteriaceae (often referred to as ESKAPE pathogens). Since ancient times, several indigenous medical systems in India have utilized diverse medicinal plants (approximately 80,000 species) as conventional treatments for a variety of illnesses. A member of the Fabaceae family, also referred to as "Himalayan indigo," Indigofera heterantha Wall, is well known for its therapeutic properties. METHODS The present study investigated the antibacterial, antifungal and antihelmintic properties of the roots, bark, leaves, and flowers of I. heterantha from the Kashmir Himalayas. The effectiveness of the extracts against bacteria, fungi, and earthworms. Three of the tested organisms for bacteria were ESKAPE pathogens, as they are responsible for creating fatal bacterial infections. The antifungal potency of I. heterantha aqueous and methanolic extracts was evaluated using the Agar Well Diffusion Assay. The antihelmintic activity was carried out on an adult Pheretima posthuma Indian earth worm, which shares physiological and anatomical similarities with human intestinal roundworm parasites. RESULTS The methanolic extracts of root and bark have shown prominent activity against all bacterial strains, whereas aqueous extracts of flower, root, and leaves have shown promising activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The aqueous extract demonstrated good activity against S. cerevisiae at a concentration of 200 mg/ml with a zone of inhibition of 16 mm, while the methanolic extract displayed comparable activity against the fungal strains. The remaining two strains, P. crysogenum and A. fumigatus, were only moderately active in response to the extracts. All the extracts have shown anthelmintic activity except aqueous flower. CONCLUSION These results will pave the way for the bioassay-guided isolation of bioactive constituents that may act as hits for further development as potential antibacterial agents against drug-resistant microbial and helminthic infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Showkat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Mohammed Iqbal Zargar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Shahid Ud Din Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Ishfaq Mohiuddin
- Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, 608002, India
| | - Mubashir Hussain Masoodi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, East Point College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, 560049, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G Nagar, Nagamagala, Bellur, Karnataka, 571418, India
| | - Seema Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, 570015, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jabeen R, Ali T, Naeem M, Hussain F, Danish S, Alahmadi TA, Samdani MS, Ansari MJ. An Insight into Biochemical Characterization and Explorations of Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Antidiabetic Activities by Trachyspermum ammi Nanosuspensions. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:340. [PMID: 38179777 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2812340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trachyspermum ammi is a frequently utilized traditional medicinal plant renowned for its pharmacological attributes, particularly in the realm of treating infectious diseases. This current study aims to comprehensively assess the in vitro properties of freshly prepared nanosuspensions derived from Trachyspermum ammi extracts, with a focus on their cost-effective potential in various areas, including antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and antidiabetic activities. METHODS Biochemical characterization of T. ammi nanosuspensions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. RESULTS HPLC analysis revealed the presence of kaempferol and sinapic acid in various amounts at 11.5 ppm and 12.3 ppm, respectively. FTIR analysis of T. ammi powder revealed the presence of alcohols and amines. The assessment of antioxidant activity was conducted using a DPPH scavenging assay, indicating that the nanosuspensions exhibited their highest free radical scavenging activity, reaching 14.9%. Nanosuspensions showed 3.75 ± 3.529.5% biofilm inhibition activity against Escherichia coli. The antidiabetic activity was accessed through antiglycation and α- amylase inhibition assays, while nanosuspension showed the maximum inhibition activity at 25.35 ± 0.912133% and 34.6 ± 1.3675%. Hemolytic activity was also evaluated, and T. ammi nanosuspension showed 22.73 ± 1.539% hemolysis. CONCLUSIONS This nanotechnology approach has established a foundation to produce plant-based nanosuspensions, offering a promising avenue for the biopharmaceutical production of herbal nanomedicines. These nanosuspensions have the potential to enhance bioavailability and can serve as a viable alternative to synthetic formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Jabeen
- Clinico-Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Ali
- Clinico-Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fatma Hussain
- Clinico-Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60700 Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2925 Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Al-Waili foundation of Science, New York, NY 11368, USA
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Bareilly, UP 244001, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Al-Shaebi EM, Al-Quraishy S, Maodaa SN, Abdel-Gaber R. In vitro studies for antiparasitic activities of Punica granatum extract. Microsc Res Tech 2023; 86:1655-1666. [PMID: 37606089 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Because of the drug resistance, medicinal plants are used more frequently than coccidiostats to treat and control coccidiosis. Punica granatum is a powerful antioxidant with a variety of medicinal uses. This study used an in vitro experiment to investigate how different P. granatum from Yemen (Y) and Egypt (E) sources affected oocyst sporulation and served as an anthelminthic effector. In contrast to PGE and mebendazole, PGY (200 mg/mL) has the shortest time to paralyze and death the earthworm Eisenia fetida in this investigation. In addition, the treated worm groups' cuticle thickness and shrinkage in comparison to the control group were assessed and contrasted. Eimeria papillata is used as a model protozoan parasite in anticoccidial assays. This study shows that P. granatum affects oocysts sporulation in a dose-dependent manner, with maximal percentages of 100% (PGY) and 48.60% (PGE) at 96 h for P. granatum concentrations of 200 mg/mL. Inhibition (%) was compared to various detergents, as well as positive and negative controls. According to our research, the P. granatum extract had powerful anthelmintic and anticoccidial properties, with the potency changing according to the environmental conditions of each fruit source. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Habitat of the plant is useful for production and accumulation of some secondary metabolites in plants which be effective for the therapeutic uses. Different parameters in the environmental ecosystem affecting variation in chemical compositions and biological activity of P. granatum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esam M Al-Shaebi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh N Maodaa
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Attia SM, Al-Hamamah MA, Attia MSM, Alanazi A, Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Bakheet SA, Harisa GI. Rituximab alleviates increased disomic sperm in DBA/1J mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis via restoration of redox imbalance. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23496. [PMID: 37555509 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Compared to the general population, patients with arthritis have a higher risk of fertility abnormalities, which have deleterious effects on both reproductive function and pregnancy outcomes, especially in patients wishing to conceive. These may be due to the disease itself or those of drug therapies. Despite the increasing use of rituximab in arthritis, limited data are available on its potential to induce aneuploidy in germ cells. Therefore, the aim of the current investigation was to determine if repeated treatment with rituximab affects the incidence of aneuploidy and redox imbalance in arthritic mouse sperm. Mice were treated with 250 mg/kg rituximab once weakly for 3 weeks, and then sperm were sampled 22 days after the last dose of rituximab. Fluorescence in situ hybridization assay with chromosome-specific DNA probes was used to evaluate the disomic/diploid sperm. Our results showed that rituximab had no aneuploidogenic effect on the meiotic stage of spermatogenesis. Conversely, arthritis induced a significantly high frequency of disomy, and treatment of arthritic mice with rituximab reduced the increased levels of disomic sperm. The occurrence of total diploidy was not significantly different in all groups. Reduced glutathione and8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, markers of oxidative stress were significantly altered in arthritic animals, while rituximab treatment restored these changes. Additionally, arthritis severity was reduced after rituximab treatment. We conclude that rituximab may efficiently alleviate the arthritis-induced effects on male meiosis and avert the higher risk of abnormal reproductive outcomes. Therefore, treating arthritic patients with rituximab may efficiently inhibit the transmission of genetic anomalies induced by arthritis to future generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Hamamah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrazaq Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamaleldin I Harisa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ibrahim MAA, Shehata MNI, Abuelliel HAA, Moussa NAM, Sayed SRM, Ahmed MN, Abd El-Rahman MK, Dabbish E, Shoeib T. Hole interactions of aerogen oxides with Lewis bases: an insight into σ-hole and lone-pair-hole interactions. R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:231362. [PMID: 38094266 PMCID: PMC10716657 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
σ-Hole and lone-pair (lp)-hole interactions of aerogen oxides with Lewis bases (LB) were comparatively inspected in terms of quantum mechanics calculations. The ZOn ⋯ LB complexes (where Z = Kr and Xe, n = 1, 2, 3 and 4, and LB = NH3 and NCH) showed favourable negative interaction energies. The complexation features were explained in light of σ-hole and lp-hole interactions within optimum distances lower than the sum of the respective van der Waals radii. The emerging findings outlined that σ-hole interaction energies generally enhanced according to the following order: KrO4 ⋯ < KrO⋯ < KrO3⋯ < KrO2⋯LB and XeO4⋯ < XeO⋯ < XeO2⋯ < XeO3⋯LB complexes with values ranging from -2.23 to -12.84 kcal mol-1. Lp-hole interactions with values up to -5.91 kcal mol-1 were shown. Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory findings revealed the significant contributions of electrostatic forces accounting for 50-65% of the total attractive forces within most of the ZOn⋯LB complexes. The obtained observations would be useful for the understanding of hole interactions, particularly for the aerogen oxides, with application in supramolecular chemistry and crystal engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Mohammed N. I. Shehata
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Hassan A. A. Abuelliel
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Nayra A. M. Moussa
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Shaban R. M. Sayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Naeem Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed K. Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Eslam Dabbish
- Department of Chemistry, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Tamer Shoeib
- Department of Chemistry, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Deenathayalan U, Nandita R, Kavithaa K, Kavitha VS, Govindasamy C, Al-Numair KS, Alsaif MA, Cheon YP, Arul N, Brindha D. Evaluation of Developmental Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Caused by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Zebra Fish Embryos/ Larvae. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04791-5. [PMID: 37987950 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04791-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in various fields, including biological ones. ZnO NPs are eventually disposed of in the environment where they may affect natural systems, and there is no international law to regulate their manufacture, usage, and disposal. Hence, this present study is carried out to synthesise a more non-toxic and bioactive ZnO NPs from the marine algae Sargassum polycystum. The ZnO NPs were biologically produced using the marine algae Sargassum polycystum. The dynamic light scattering result describes that synthesised particles' average size is about 100 nm in diameter. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis demonstrated the rod-like morphology of ZnO NPs. Fourier tranform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) results revealed the presence of functional groups in ZnO NPs. The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) results strongly suggested the ZnO NPs crystallinity. ZnO NPs surface morphology and compositions were identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM- EDX) values. To analyse the toxicity of synthesised nanoparticles, zebra fish larvae were used, which involved subjecting embryos to various ZnO NPs concentrations at 1 hpf and analysing the results at 96 hpf. The 60 and 80 ppm sub-lethal doses were chosen for further studies based on the LC50 (82.23 ppm). In the ZnO NPs-treated groups, a significant slowdown in pulse rate and a delay in hatching were seen, both of which impacted the embryonic processes. A teratogenic study revealed a dose-dependent increase in the incidence of developmental deformities in the treated groups. Along with increased oxidants and a corresponding reduction in antioxidant enzymes, Na+ K+-ATPase and AChE activity changes were seen in ZnO NPs-treated zebra fish larvae groups. The apoptosis process was increased in ZnO NPs-treated groups revealed by acridine orange staining. These results indicate that the green synthesis process cannot mitigate the oxidative stress induced by ZnO NPs on oxidative signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uvarajan Deenathayalan
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichandran Nandita
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Kavithaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindusthan College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, KingSaud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Al-Numair
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, KingSaud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsaif
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, KingSaud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yong Pil Cheon
- Division of Developmental Biology and Physiology, Department of Biotechnology, Sungshin University, Seoul, 02844, South Korea
| | - Narayanasamy Arul
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Durairaj Brindha
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jahangeer M, Mustafa G, Munir N, Ahmed S, Al-Anazi KM. Exploring the Potential of Plant Bioactive Compounds against Male Infertility: An In Silico and In Vivo Study. Molecules 2023; 28:7693. [PMID: 38067423 PMCID: PMC10707554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a well-recognized multifactorial problem affecting the majority of people who struggle with infertility issues. In recent times, among infertility cases, the male factor has acquired importance, and now it contributes to approximately half of the infertility cases because of different abnormalities. In the current study, we used natural phytochemicals as potential drug-lead compounds to target different receptor proteins that are involved in the onset of male infertility. A set of 210 plant phytochemicals were docked counter to active site residues of sex hormone-binding globulin, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17, and DNase I as receptor proteins. On the basis of binding scores and molecular dynamics simulation, the phytochemicals tricin, quercetin, malvidin, rhamnetin, isorhamnetin, gallic acid, kaempferol, esculin, robinetin, and okanin were found to be the potential drug candidates to treat male infertility. Molecular dynamics simulation showed tricin as a strong inhibitor of all selected receptor proteins because the ligand-protein complexes remained stabilized during the entire simulation time of 100 ns. Further, an in vivo study was designed to evaluate the effect of tricin in male rats with nicotine-induced infertility. It was explored that a high dose of tricin significantly reduced the levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein and raised the level of high-density lipoprotein in intoxicated male rats. A high dose of tricin also increased the reproductive hormones (i.e., testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin) and reduced the level of DHEA-SO4. The phytochemical (tricin, 10 mg/kg body weight) also showed significant improvement in the histo-architecture after nicotine intoxication in rats. From the current study, it is concluded that the phytochemical tricin could serve as a potential drug candidate to cure male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jahangeer
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Munir
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54782, Pakistan;
| | - Sibtain Ahmed
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mashai Al-Anazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kiani BH, Arshad I, Najeeb S, Okla MK, Almanaa TN, Al-Qahtani WH, Abdel-Maksoud MA. Evaluation of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Vegetable Waste. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6527-6544. [PMID: 37965280 PMCID: PMC10642390 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s432252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vegetable waste has numerous essential values and can be used for various purposes. Unfortunately, it is often discarded worldwide due to a lack of awareness regarding its nutritional and practical significance. Even the nutrient-rich peels of fruits and vegetables are commonly wasted, despite their numerous useful applications. Utilizing vegetable waste to produce silver nanoparticles through green synthesis is an advantageous, economical, and environmentally friendly method for producing valuable products while addressing waste management concerns. The main emphasis of this study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using vegetable waste from Solanum tuberosum (potato) and Coriander sativum (coriander). Methods The stems of Coriander sativum and peels of Solanum tuberosum were used as extracts for the synthesis of AgNPs. The characterization of the synthesized AgNPs involved UV-spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The phytochemical analysis was performed to analyze antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antitumor, antioxidant, alpha-amylase, and protein inhibition activities. Results The change in the color of the reaction mixture from yellowish green to brown following the addition of extracts to the silver nitrate solution confirmed nanoparticle synthesis. UV analysis has shown peaks in the range of 300-400nm. SEM confirmed the spherical and agglomerated morphology and size of 64nm for potato peel and 70nm for coriander stem. XRD confirmed the crystalline structure of silver nanoparticles. The phytochemical assays confirmed that silver nanoparticles had higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles showed promising antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antitumor, and antioxidant properties and significant alpha-amylase and protein inhibition activities in comparison with the crude extracts. Conclusion The bioactivity of the plant suggests that it could be a suitable option for therapeutic purposes. This study demonstrates a potential method for sustainable nanoparticle synthesis and the therapeutic applications of AgNPs derived from vegetable waste. By utilizing the potential of vegetable waste, we can contribute to both environmental sustainability and the development of innovative, valuable products in fields such as medicine, agriculture, and materials science. These findings encourage further research on agricultural byproducts, promoting environmentally friendly and economically advantageous research and development efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Hafeez Kiani
- Department of Biological Sciences (Female Campus), Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Arshad
- Department of Biology, New Mexico Highland University, Las Vegas, NM, USA
| | - Sodha Najeeb
- Department of Biological Sciences (Female Campus), Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed K Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghreed N Almanaa
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wahidah H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhao Y, Nara H, Jiang D, Asahi T, Osman SM, Kim J, Tang J, Yamauchi Y. Open-Mouthed Hollow Carbons: Systematic Studies as Cobalt- and Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Small 2023; 19:e2304450. [PMID: 37518827 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Although hollow carbon structures have been extensively studied in recent years, their interior surfaces are not fully utilized due to the lack of fluent porous channels in the closed shell walls. This study presents a tailored design of open-mouthed particles hollow cobalt/nitrogen-doped carbon with mesoporous shells (OMH-Co/NC), which exhibits sufficient accessibility and electroactivity on both the inner and outer surfaces. By leveraging the self-conglobation effect of metal sulfate in methanol, a raspberry-structured Zn/Co-ZIF (R-Zn/Co-ZIF) precursor is obtained, which is further carbonized to fabricate the OMH-Co/NC. In-depth electrochemical investigations demonstrate that the introduction of open pores can enhance mass transfer and improve the utilization of the inner active sites. Benefiting from its unique structure, the resulting OMH-Co/NC exhibits exceptional electrocatalytic oxygen reduction performance, achieving a half-wave potential of 0.865 V and demonstrating excellent durability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingji Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nara
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-0041, Japan
| | - Dong Jiang
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Toru Asahi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeonghun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jing Tang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, 202162, China
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Al-Tamimi AA, Pandžić A, Kadrić E. Investigation and Prediction of Tensile, Flexural, and Compressive Properties of Tough PLA Material Using Definitive Screening Design. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4169. [PMID: 37896413 PMCID: PMC10610866 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The material extrusion fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique has become a widely used technique that enables the production of complex parts for various applications. To overcome limitations of PLA material such as low impact toughness, commercially available materials such as UltiMaker Tough PLA were produced to improve the parent PLA material that can be widely applied in many engineering applications. In this study, 3D-printed parts (test specimens) considering six different printing parameters (i.e., layer height, wall thickness, infill density, build plate temperature, printing speed, and printing temperature) are experimentally investigated to understand their impact on the mechanical properties of Tough PLA material. Three different standardized tests of tensile, flexural, and compressive properties were conducted to determine the maximum force and Young's modulus. These six properties were used as responses in a design of experiment, definitive screening design (DSD), to build six regression models. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is performed to evaluate the effects of each of the six printing parameters on Tough PLA mechanical properties. It is shown that all regression models are statistically significant (p<0.05) with high values of adjusted and predicted R2. Conducted confirmation tests resulted in low relative errors between experimental and predicted data, indicating that the developed models are adequately accurate and reliable for the prediction of tensile, flexural, and compressive properties of Tough PLA material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsalam A. Al-Tamimi
- Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adi Pandžić
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (A.P.); (E.K.)
| | - Edin Kadrić
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (A.P.); (E.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Alqah H, Hussain S, Alamri MS, Mohamed AA, Qasem AA, Ibraheem MA, Shehzad A. Effect of Germinated Sorghum Extract on the Physical and Thermal Properties of Pre-Gelatinized Cereals, Sweet Potato and Beans Starches. Molecules 2023; 28:7030. [PMID: 37894509 PMCID: PMC10609496 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Starches from different botanical sources are affected in the presence of enzymes. This study investigated the impact of α-amylase on several properties of pre-gelatinized starches derived from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), white beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), and sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.). Specifically, the water holding capacity, freezable water content, sugar content, and water sorption isotherm (adsorption and desorption) properties were examined. The source of α-amylase utilized in this study was a germinated sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) extract (GSE). The starch samples were subjected to annealing at temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 °C for durations of either 30 or 60 min prior to the process of gelatinization. A significant increase in the annealing temperature and GSE resulted in a notable enhancement in both the water-holding capacity and the sugar content of the starch. The ordering of starches in terms of their freezable water content is as follows: Chickpea starch (C.P.S) > white beans starch (W.B.S) > wheat starch (W.S) > chickpea starch (C.S) > sweet potato starch (S.P.S). The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) model was only employed for fitting the data, as the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) model had a low root mean square error (RMSE). The application of annealing and GSE treatment resulted in a shift of the adsorption and desorption isotherms towards greater levels of moisture content. A strong hysteresis was found in the adsorption and desorption curves, notably within the water activity range of 0.6 to 0.8. The GSE treatment and longer annealing time had an impact on the monolayer water content (mo), as well as the C and K parameters of the GAB model, irrespective of the annealing temperature. These results can be used to evaluate the applicability of starch in the pharmaceutical and food sectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Alqah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahzad Hussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Saleh Alamri
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdellatif A Mohamed
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akram A Qasem
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Ibraheem
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamir Shehzad
- UniLaSalle, Univ. Artois, ULR7519-Transformations & Agro-Ressources, Normandie Université, F-76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fayyaz U, Niazi SA, AlJaloud K, Aziz A, Malik WA, Hussain R. Realization of circular polarized multiple band multi-mode OAM antenna using a ring patch for IoT applications. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17060. [PMID: 37816752 PMCID: PMC10564919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A multiband and multi-mode antenna with circular polarized conical patterns is suitable for achieving desired spectral efficiency, increased capacity, and spatial diversity for IoT applications. However, simultaneous excitation of such circular polarized multiple Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) modes through a single patch antenna is challenging due to the complexity of simultaneously fulfilling distinct requirements of each mode. In this paper, a ring patch antenna is designed to excite different OAM states at different frequencies simultaneously. First, characteristic mode analysis is used to analyze the possibility of simultaneous excitation of multiple OAM modes at corresponding frequencies through a simple ring patch antenna. Then, a dual port ring patch antenna is designed and fabricated to verify the capability of generating multiple OAM states at corresponding frequencies. Furthermore, it also presents the guidance to suppress unwanted OAM modes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umar Fayyaz
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Shahab Ahmad Niazi
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khaled AlJaloud
- College of Engineering, Muzahimiyah Branch, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2454, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Aziz
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmad Malik
- Department of Avionics Engineering, College of Aeronautical Engineering(CAE), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Risalpur, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Rifaqat Hussain
- Antenna and Electromagnetics Research Group, School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Marry University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Aftab S, Hussain S, Al-Kahtani AA. Latest Innovations in 2D Flexible Nanoelectronics. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2301280. [PMID: 37104492 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
2D materials with dangling-bond-free surfaces and atomically thin layers have been shown to be capable of being incorporated into flexible electronic devices. The electronic and optical properties of 2D materials can be tuned or controlled in other ways by using the intriguing strain engineering method. The latest and encouraging techniques in regard to creating flexible 2D nanoelectronics are condensed in this review. These techniques have the potential to be used in a wider range of applications in the near and long term. It is possible to use ultrathin 2D materials (graphene, BP, WTe2 , VSe2 etc.) and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) in order to enable the electrical behavior of the devices to be studied. A category of materials is produced on smaller scales by exfoliating bulk materials, whereas chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and epitaxial growth are employed on larger scales. This overview highlights two distinct requirements, which include from a single semiconductor or with van der Waals heterostructures of various nanomaterials. They include where strain must be avoided and where it is required, such as solutions to produce strain-insensitive devices, and such as pressure-sensitive outcomes, respectively. Finally, points-of-view about the current difficulties and possibilities in regard to using 2D materials in flexible electronics are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sikandar Aftab
- Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Abdullah A Al-Kahtani
- Chemistry Department, Collage of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Huq MA, Khan AA, Alshehri JM, Rahman MS, Balusamy SR, Akter S. Bacterial mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial and antifungal activities against drug-resistant pathogens. R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:230796. [PMID: 37885988 PMCID: PMC10598446 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
In the healthcare sector, the production of bioactive silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antimicrobial properties is of great importance. In this study, a novel bacterial strain, Paenibacillus sp. MAHUQ-63, was identified as a potential candidate for facile and rapid biosynthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were used to control the growth of human pathogens, Salmonella Enteritidis and Candida albicans. The bacterial culture supernatant was used to synthesize the nanoparticles (NPs). Field emission transmission electron microscope examination showed spherical-shaped NPs with 15-55 nm in size. Fourier transform-infrared analysis identified various functional groups. The synthesized AgNPs demonstrated remarkable activity against S. Enteritidis and C. albicans. The zones of inhibition for 100 µl (0.5 mg ml-1) of AgNPs against S. Enteritidis and C. albicans were 18.0 ± 1.0 and 19.5 ± 1.3 mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were 25.0 and 12.5 µg ml-1 against S. Enteritidis and C. albicans, respectively. Additionally, the minimum bactericidal concentrations were 25.0 µg ml-1 against both pathogenic microbes. The field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the treatment of AgNPs caused morphological and structural damage to both S. Enteritidis and C. albicans. Therefore, these AgNPs can be used as a new and effective antimicrobial agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Amdadul Huq
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resource, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamilah M. Alshehri
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Shahedur Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Sri Renukadevi Balusamy
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Shahina Akter
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang H, Zhao J, Chinnathambi A, Meganathan V, Gu X. Anti-cancer potential of selenium-chitosan-polyethylene glycol-carvacrol nanocomposites in multiple myeloma U266 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23424. [PMID: 37519128 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer that is characterized by malignant plasma cell proliferation. Approximately 10% of all blood cancers are MM, and there is no standard curative therapy. In this work, we intended to synthesize, characterize, and assess the anticancer effects of selenium/chitosan/polyethylene glycol-carvacrol nanocomposites (SCP-Car-NCs) on MM U266 cells in vitro. Various characterization techniques were used to characterize the synthesized SCP-Car-NCs. Several in vitro free radical scavenging experiments were conducted to test the ability of synthesized SCP-Car-NCs to scavenge the different free radicals. The cytotoxicity of SCP-Car-NCs was assessed on Vero and U266 cells using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. By using various fluorescence staining techniques, the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, MMP, and apoptosis were measured. Using commercial test kits, the levels of oxidative stress and apoptotic biomarkers in control and treated U266 cells were assessed. The highest peak in the UV spectral analysis was found to be at 271 nm, demonstrating the development of SCP-Car-NCs. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that the synthesized SCP-Car-NCs contained a variety of stretching and bonding. The X-ray diffraction study confirmed the crystallinity of SCP-Car-NCs. The dynamic light scattering analysis showed that the SCP-Car-NCs had an average size of 171 nm. The different free radicals, such as the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl, and peroxyl radicals, were significantly scavenged by the SCP-Car-NCs. According to the MTT assay results, the SCP-Car-NCs decreased the viability of U266 cells while having no impact on the proliferation of Vero cells. The SCP-Car-NCs significantly boosted ROS production, decreased the MMP level, and promoted apoptosis, as evidenced by the fluorescence staining experiments. In U266 cells treated with SCP-Car-NCs, the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances increased while superoxide dismutases and glutathione levels were reduced. In the SCP-Car-NCs treated U266 cells, it was found that the Bax, caspase-3, and -9 activities had increased while the Bcl-2 level had decreased. In conclusion, our findings show that SCP-Car-NCs treatment reduced the viability and increased apoptosis in the U266 cells, providing a new insight on SCP-Car-NCs' potential for usage in the future to treat MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Kunming, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Kunming, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Velmurugan Meganathan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Xuezhong Gu
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Kunming, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rampogu S, Shaik MR, Khan M, Khan M, Oh TH, Shaik B. CBPDdb: a curated database of compounds derived from Coumarin-Benzothiazole-Pyrazole. Database (Oxford) 2023; 2023:baad062. [PMID: 37702993 PMCID: PMC10498939 DOI: 10.1093/database/baad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The present article describes the building of a small-molecule web server, CBPDdb, employing R-shiny. For the generation of the web server, three compounds were chosen, namely coumarin, benzothiazole and pyrazole, and their derivatives were curated from the literature. The two-dimensional (2D) structures were drawn using ChemDraw, and the .sdf file was created employing Discovery Studio Visualizer v2017. These compounds were read on the R-shiny app using ChemmineR, and the dataframe consisting of a total of 1146 compounds was generated and manipulated employing the dplyr package. The web server is provided with JSME 2D sketcher. The descriptors of the compounds are obtained using propOB with a filter. The users can download the filtered data in the .csv and .sdf formats, and the entire dataset of a compound can be downloaded in .sdf format. This web server facilitates the researchers to screen plausible inhibitors for different diseases. Additionally, the method used in building the web server can be adapted for developing other small-molecule databases (web servers) in RStudio. Database URL: https://srampogu.shinyapps.io/CBPDdb_Revised/.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Merajuddin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mujeeb Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tae Hwan Oh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Baji Shaik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hussain S, Mustafa G, Ahmed S, Albeshr MF. Underlying Mechanisms of Bergenia spp. to Treat Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using an Integrated Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1239. [PMID: 37765047 PMCID: PMC10535166 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common and fatal cancer reported, representing 72.5% of malignancies around the world. The majority of HCC incidents have been associated with infections caused by hepatitis B and C viruses. Many first- and second-line conventional drugs, e.g., sorafenib, cabozantinib, or ramucirumab, have been used for the management of HCC. Despite different combinational therapies, there are still no defined biomarkers for an early stage diagnosis of HCC. The current study evaluated the potential of Bergenia stracheyi, Bergenia ciliata, Bergenia pacumbis, and Bergenia purpurascens, which belong to the family Saxifragaceae, to treat HCC using an integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking approach. Four active phytochemicals were selected based on oral bioavailability (OB) and drug likeness (DL) parameters. The criteria of phytochemical selection were set to OB > 30% and DL > 0.18. Similarly, the gene targets related to Bergenia spp. and the genes related to HCC were retrieved from different databases. The integration of these genes revealed 98 most common overlapping genes, which were mainly interrelated with HCC pathogenesis. Ultimately, the 98 Bergenia-HCC associated genes were used for protein-protein interaction (PPI), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses. Finally, the topological analysis revealed the top ten hub genes with maximum degree rank. From the top ten genes, STAT3, MAPK3, and SRC were selected due to their involvement in GO annotation and KEGG pathway. To confirm the network pharmacology results, molecular docking analysis was performed to target STAT3, MAPK3, and SRC receptor proteins. The phytochemical (+)-catechin 3-gallate exhibited a maximum binding score and strong residue interactions with the active amino acids of MAPK3-binding pockets (S-score: -10.2 kcal/mol), SRC (S-score: -8.9 kcal/mol), and STAT3 (S-score: -8.9 kcal/mol) as receptor proteins. (+)-Catechin 3-gallate and β-sitosterol induced a significant reduction in cell viability in HepG2 after 24 h of treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The results of this study explore the potential of (+)-catechin 3-gallate and β-sitosterol, which can be used in the future as potential drug candidates to suppress HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoukat Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sibtain Ahmed
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Fahad Albeshr
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mustafa G, Mahrosh HS, Salman M, Ali M, Arif R, Ahmed S, Ebaid H. In Silico Analysis of Honey Bee Peptides as Potential Inhibitors of Capripoxvirus DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2281. [PMID: 37508058 PMCID: PMC10376589 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Capripoxvirus belongs to the Poxviridae family. The sheeppox, goatpox, and lumpy skin disease viruses are three species of this genus with 96% identity in their genomes. These are financially devastating viral infections among cattle, which cause a reduction in animal products and lead to a loss in livestock industries. In the current study, the phylogenetic analysis was carried out to reveal the evolutionary relationships of Capripoxvirus species (i.e., sheeppox virus (SPPV), goatpox virus (GTPV), and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV)) with other viruses from the Poxviridae family with >96% query coverage to find the similarity index among all members. The three viruses (i.e., SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV) joined the clade of Capripoxvirus of the Poxviridae family in the phylogenetic tree and exhibited close evolutionary relationships. The multiple sequence alignment using ClustalOmega revealed significant variations in the protein sequences of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV. The three-dimensional structures of five selected bee peptides and DNA-directed RNA polymerase of SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV were predicted using trRosetta and I-TASSER and used for molecular docking and simulation studies. The protein-protein docking was carried out using HADDOCK server to explore the antiviral activity of peptides as honey bee proteins against SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV. In total, five peptides were docked to DNA-directed RNA polymerase of these viruses. The peptides mellitin and secapin-1 displayed the lowest binding scores (-106.9 +/- 7.2 kcal/mol and -101.4 +/- 11.3 kcal/mol, respectively) and the best patterns with stable complexes. The molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the complex of protein DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the peptide melittin stayed firmly connected and the peptide binding to the receptor protein was stable. The findings of this study provide the evidence of bee peptides as potent antimicrobial agents against sheeppox, goatpox, and lumpy skin disease viruses with no complexity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38060, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Salaha Mahrosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mahwish Salman
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Rawaba Arif
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Jhang, Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - Sibtain Ahmed
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Guermazi W, Boukhris S, Annabi-Trabelsi N, Rebai T, Sellami-Kamoun A, Aldahmash W, Plavan GI, Harrath AH, Ayadi H. Hyperhalophilic Diatom Extract Protects against Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats and Human HepG2 and HEK293 Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:875. [PMID: 37375822 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work investigated the protective effects of microalga Halamphora sp. extract (HExt), a nutraceutical and pharmacological natural product, on human lead-intoxicated liver and kidney cells in vitro and in vivo in Wistar rats. The human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293 were used for the in vitro study. The analysis of the fatty acid methyl esters in the extract was performed via GC/MS. The cells were pretreated with HExt at 100 µg mL-1, followed by treatment with different concentrations of lead acetate, ranging from 25 to 200 µM for 24 h. The cultures were incubated (5% CO, 37 °C) for 24 h. Four groups, each containing six rats, were used for the in vivo experiment. The rats were exposed to subchronic treatment with a low dose of lead acetate (5 mg kg-1 b.w. per day). Pretreating HepG2 and HEK293 cells with the extract (100 µg mL-1) significantly (p < 0.05) protected against the cytotoxicity induced by lead exposure. For the in vivo experiment, the biochemical parameters in serum-namely, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-were measured in the organ homogenate supernatants. HExt was found to be rich in fatty acids, mainly palmitic and palmitoleic acids (29.464% and 42.066%, respectively). In both the in vitro and in vivo experiments, cotreatment with HExt protected the liver and kidney cell structures and significantly preserved the normal antioxidant and biochemical parameters in rats. This study discovered the possible protective effect of HExt, which could be beneficial for Pb-intoxicated cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Guermazi
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Environment, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, Sfax CP 3000, Tunisia
| | - Saoussan Boukhris
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Life Sciences, National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax CP 3038, Tunisia
| | - Neila Annabi-Trabelsi
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Environment, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, Sfax CP 3000, Tunisia
| | - Tarek Rebai
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Magida Boulila Street, Sfax CP 3028, Tunisia
| | - Alya Sellami-Kamoun
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Life Sciences, National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax CP 3038, Tunisia
| | - Waleed Aldahmash
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Habib Ayadi
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Environment, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, Sfax CP 3000, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Al-Jassas RM, Islam MS, Al-Majid AM, Nafie MS, Haukka M, Rahman AFMM, Alayyaf AMA, Barakat A. Synthesis and SARs study of novel spiro-oxindoles as potent antiproliferative agents with CDK-2 inhibitory activities. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023:e2300185. [PMID: 37253118 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of 16 novel spirooxindole analogs 8a-p were designed and constructed via cost-effective single-step multicomponent [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylide (AY) generated in situ from substituted isatin (6a-d) with suitable amino acids (7a-c) and ethylene-engrafted pyrazole derivatives (5a,b). The potency of all compounds was assayed against a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and a human liver cell line (HepG2). Spiro compound 8c was the most active member among the synthesized candidates, with exceptional cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines, with IC50 values of 0.189 ± 0.01 and 1.04 ± 0.21 µM, respectively. The candidate 8c exhibited more potent activity (10.10- and 2.27-fold) than the standard drug roscovitine (IC50 = 1.91 ± 0.17 µM (MCF-7) and 2.36 ± 0.21 µM (HepG2)). Compound 8c was investigated for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition; it exhibited promising IC50 values of 96.6 nM compared with 67.3 nM for erlotinib. The IC50 value of 8c (34.98 nM) exhibited cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2) inhibition, being more active than roscovitine the (IC50 = 140 nM) in targeting the CDK-2 kinase enzyme. Additionally, for apoptosis induction of compound 8c in MCF-7, it upregulated the expression levels of proapoptotic genes for P53, Bax, caspases-3, 8, and 9 at up to 6.18, 4.8, 9.8, 4.6, 11.3 fold-change, respectively, and downregualted the level of the antiapoptotic gene for Bcl-2 by 0.14-fold. Finally, a molecular docking study of the most active compound 8c highlighted a good binding affinity with Lys89 as the key amino acid for CDK-2 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - A F M Motiur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mustafa G, Younas S, Mahrosh HS, Albeshr MF, Bhat EA. Molecular Docking and Simulation-Binding Analysis of Plant Phytochemicals with the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Targets Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Caspase-9. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083583. [PMID: 37110817 PMCID: PMC10143645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Among primary liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common forms and it has been categorized as the joint-fourth largest reason of cancer-related deaths globally. Different factors such as alcohol abuse, hepatitis B and C, viral infections, and fatty liver diseases are mainly related to the pathogenesis of HCC. In the current study, 1000 total various plant phytochemicals were docked to proteins involved in HCC. The compounds were docked to the active site amino acids of epidermal growth factor receptor and caspase-9 as receptor proteins in order to explore their inhibiting potential. The top five compounds against each receptor protein were explored as potential drug candidates on the basis of their binding affinity and root-mean square deviation values. The top two compounds against each protein were found to be liquoric acid (S-score -9.8 kcal/mol) and madecassic acid (S-score -9.3 kcal/mol) against EGFR, and limonin (S-score -10.5 kcal/mol) and obamegine (S-score -9.3 kcal/mol) against the caspase-9 protein. The selected phytochemicals were further assessed through drug scanning using Lipinski's rule of five to explore their molecular properties and druggability. According to the ADMET analysis, the selected phytochemicals were found to be non-toxic and non-carcinogenic. Finally, the molecular dynamics simulation study revealed that liquoric acid and limonin were stabilized within the binding pockets of EGFR and capase-9, respectively, and stayed firmly bound throughout the simulation. In light of the current findings, the phytochemicals reported in this study, especially liquoric acid and limonin, could be used as potential drugs for the treatment of HCC in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Younas
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Salaha Mahrosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Fahad Albeshr
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eijaz Ahmed Bhat
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yu X, Cui J, Shen Y, Guo W, Cai P, Chen Y, Yuan Z, Liu M, El-Newehy M, El-Hamshary H, Morsi Y, Sun B, Shafiq M, Mo X. Current Advancements and Strategies of Biomaterials for Tendon Repair: A Review. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:66. [PMID: 37114544 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2804066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Tendon is a bundle of tissue comprising of a large number of collagen fibers that connects muscle to bone. However, overuse or trauma may cause degeneration and rupture of the tendon tissues, which imposes an enormous health burden on patients. In addition to autogenous and allogeneic transplantation, which is commonly used in the clinic, the current research on tendon repair is focused on developing an appropriate scaffold via biomaterials and fabrication technology. The development of a scaffold that matches the structure and mechanics of the natural tendon is the key to the success of the repair, so the synergistic optimization of the scaffold fabrication technology and biomaterials has always been a concern of researchers. A series of strategies include the preparation of scaffolds by electrospinning and 3D printing, as well as the application of injectable hydrogels and microspheres, which can be used individually or in combination with cells, growth factors for tendon repair. This review introduces the tendon tissue structure, the repair process, the application of scaffolds, and the current challenges facing biomaterials, and gives an outlook on future research directions. With biomaterials and technology continuing to be developed, we envision that the scaffolds could have an important impact on the application of tendon repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Wanxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengchao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Mohamed El-Newehy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany El-Hamshary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosry Morsi
- Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 3122 Boroondara, VIC, Australia
| | - Binbin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, Fukuoka-shi, 819-0385 Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab (UCP), 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Xiumei Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
González-Garrido JA, García-Sánchez JR, López-Victorio CJ, Escobar-Ramírez A, Olivares-Corichi IM. Cocoa: a functional food that decreases insulin resistance and oxidative damage in young adults with class II obesity. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:228-240. [PMID: 37009147 PMCID: PMC10042721 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.2.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Cocoa consumption is associated with health benefits due to its high content of polyphenols. However, the effects of short-term cocoa consumption remain unclear. We aimed to determine the effects generated by cocoa consumption (for 7 days) in young adults in normoweight and class II obesity. SUBJECTS/METHODS Before-and-after study was carried out in normoweight (NW) (n = 15) and class II obesity (CIIO) (n = 15) young adults. The NW and CIIO participants consumed 25 and 39 g of cocoa, respectively, per day for 7 days. The effect of cocoa consumption was evaluated on the lipid profile, insulin resistance (IR), and inflammation. Oxidative damage was also examined by assessing the biomarkers of oxidative damage in plasma. In addition, recombinant human insulin was incubated with blood obtained from the participants, and the molecular damage to the hormone was analyzed. RESULTS Cocoa consumption resulted in decreased low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in both groups (P = 0.04), while the total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were maintained at the recommended levels. Initially, IR was detected in the CIIO group (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA] = 4.78 ± 0.4), which is associated with molecular damage to insulin. Interestingly, intervention with cocoa resulted in improved IR (HOMA = 3.14 ± 0.31) (P = 0.0018) as well as molecular damage to insulin. Finally, cocoa consumption significant decreased the arginase activity (P = 0.0249) in the CIIO group; this is a critical enzymatic activity in the inflammatory process associated with obesity. CONCLUSIONS The short-term consumption of cocoa improves the lipid profile, exerts anti-inflammatory effects, and protects against oxidative damage. Results of this study indicate that cocoa consumption can potentially improve IR and restore a healthy redox status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Arnold González-Garrido
- Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), División Académica de Ciencias Básicas. Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa KM. 1 Colonia la Esmeralda, Tabasco, C.P. 86690, México
| | - José Rubén García-Sánchez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Estrés Oxidativo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carlos Javier López-Victorio
- Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), División Académica de Ciencias Básicas. Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa KM. 1 Colonia la Esmeralda, Tabasco, C.P. 86690, México
| | - Adelma Escobar-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), División Académica de Ciencias Básicas. Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa KM. 1 Colonia la Esmeralda, Tabasco, C.P. 86690, México
| | - Ivonne María Olivares-Corichi
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Estrés Oxidativo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Santhoshkumar M, Perumal D, Narenkumar J, Ramachandran V, Muthusamy K, Alfarhan A, David E. Potential use of bio functionalized nanoparticles to attenuate triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231 cells). Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:803-811. [PMID: 36977929 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02858-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This study showed that bio-functional silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were synthesized in aqueous extracts of Gymnema sylvestre leaves and tested for toxicity assessment against triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC). Biofunctional nanoparticle (NPs) samples were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TEM. The results showed that the phytofabrication of AgNPs resulted in a dark brown, UV-vis maximum absorbance peak at 413 nm. The AgNPs were crystalline and spherical, with sizes ranging from 20 to 60 nm, as confirmed by the XRD pattern and TEM images. Another phytofabrication of ZnONPs exhibited a white precipitate corresponding to a UV-Vis maximum absorption peak at 377 nm and a fine micro flower morphology with a particle-sized tribution between 100 and 200 nm. In addition, FT-IR spectra showed that bioorganic compounds are associated with NPs that respond to reduced Ag+ ions and AgNPs tabilizers. Invitro cytotoxicity studies revealed the potent anti-cancer effects of phytofabricated AgNPs and ZnONPs on TNBC cells. Furthermore, the AO/EB double staining assay results proved that apoptotic cells are distinguished by greenish-yellow fluorescence of the cell nuclei with IC50 concentrations of 44 ± 0.8 µg/mL for AgNPs and 26.2 ± 0.5 µg/mL for ZnONPs, respectively. Based on our results, we expect that the anticancer function of the biofunctional NPs is due to the apoptotic activation of TNBC cells by increased ROS. Therefore, the presented study demonstrated that biofunctional AgNPs and ZnONPs have excellent prospects for the anti-cancer activity that can be used in pharmaceutical and medical fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murali Santhoshkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632115, India
| | - Dhandapani Perumal
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632115, India
| | - Jayaraman Narenkumar
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Selaiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600073, India.
- Department of Environmental & Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil Engineering (SCE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632014, India.
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Science and Technology, University College of MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, Batu Caves, 68100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Karnan Muthusamy
- Grassland and Forages Division, Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, 31000, Korea
| | - Ahmed Alfarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ernest David
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632115, India.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Alrabiah Z, Syed W, Babelghaith SD, Al Arifi MN. Clinical Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceptions of Community Pharmacists Towards Pharmacogenomics - A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:433-441. [PMID: 37187880 PMCID: PMC10179052 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s403655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims It is crucial to provide healthcare personnel with the necessary knowledge and understanding of genetic testing and pharmacogenomics. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, views, and considerations of Community pharmacists (CPs) about pharmacogenomics and genetics. Methods and Materials A cross-sectional web-based study was conducted among practicing pharmacists Between January and February of 2022. Participants were recruited through a convenient sampling technique. A total of 23 item questionnaires were used to assess the Knowledge Attitudes, Views, and Considerations toward Pharmacogenomics among pharmacists. Results The mean age of the CPs were 28.45±7.29(Std). Among the CPs, 38.4% (98 of 255) of them were correctly identified human chromosomes, and the majority of them 73.3% knew that adverse reactions can be caused by genetic changes in the human body. A total of 194 CPs agreed that certain drugs can be affected by genetic changes in the patient. In this study, one-third (33%) of the CPs were found to have good knowledge, while most (66.3%) of the CPs were found poor knowledge of pharmacogenomics and genetics. Furthermore, the knowledge score is significantly different concerning the qualification of the CPs (p=0.0001). Conclusion The current findings, demonstrated a majority of the CPs found a lack of knowledge and understanding regarding pharmacogenomics and its perspectives, there is a need to increase awareness among CPs to reduce the knowledge gap of pharmacogenomics and genetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyad Alrabiah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajid Syed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Wajid Syed, Email
| | - Salmeen D Babelghaith
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed N Al Arifi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Afzal I, Imran S, Javed T, Tahir A, Kamran M, Shakeel Q, Mehmood K, Ali HM, Siddiqui MH. Alleviation of temperature stress in maize by integration of foliar applied growth promoting substances and sowing dates. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0260916. [PMID: 35051214 PMCID: PMC8775190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature is a key factor influencing plant growth and productivity, but its sudden rise can cause severe consequences on crop performances. Early sowing and application of growth promoting agents as a foliar spray can be a sustainable approach to cope with high temperature stress at grain filling stage of cereal crops. Therefore, a test was designed to explore the potential of different growth helping agents including sorghum water extract (SWE, 10 ml L-1), moringa leaf extract (MLE, 3%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 2 μM), salicylic acid (SA, 50 mg L-1) and ascorbic acid (ASA, 50 mg L-1) as foliar agents at different sowing dates (early and optimum) to cope with temperature stress in maize. The results stated that foliar application of growth promoting substances successfully persuaded high temperature tolerance at reproductive phase of maize in early and optimum sowings when compared to control. However, SWE + ASA, MLE + H2O2 and SWE + ASA + SA + H2O2 were the best combinations for improving growth, development, and physiological variables under both sowing dates even under suboptimal temperature. All foliar applications significantly increased maize grain and biological yields while maximum was observed in SWE + ASA followed by SWE + ASA + SA + H2O2 or MLE + H2O2 that were statistically at par with ASA + SA + H2O2 but plants without spray or distilled water application did not improve grain and biological yields. Overall, the foliar applications of growth promoting substances enable the plant to enhance its growth, development, morphology, yield and biochemical variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Afzal
- Seed Physiology Lab, Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shakeel Imran
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Talha Javed
- Seed Physiology Lab, Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ayesha Tahir
- Seed Physiology Lab, Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Seed Physiology Lab, Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Shakeel
- Fodder Research Sub-Station, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Rothamsted Research Institute, North Wyke, Oakhampton, Devonshire, England
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shaiba LA, Alnamnakani MA, Temsah MH, Alamro N, Alsohime F, Alrabiaah A, Alanazi SN, Alhasan K, Alherbish A, Mobaireek KF, Bashiri FA, AlRuthia Y. Medical Faculty's and Students' Perceptions toward Pediatric Electronic OSCE during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:950. [PMID: 34442087 PMCID: PMC8393546 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9080950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The educational process in different medical schools has been negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. As a part of the Saudi government's attempts to contain the spread of the virus, schools' and universities' educational activities and face-to-face lectures have been modified to virtual classrooms. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of the faculty and the students of an electronic objective structured clinical examination (E-OSCE) activity that took place during the COVID-19 pandemic in the oldest medical school in Saudi Arabia. METHODS An e-OSCE style examination was designed for the final-year medical students by the pediatrics department, College of Medicine at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The examination was administered by Zoom™ video conferencing where both students and faculty participated through their laptop or desktop computers. In order to explore the students' and the faculty's perceptions about this experience, a newly designed 13-item online questionnaire was administered at the end of the e-OSCE. RESULTS Out of 136 participants (23 faculty and 112 students), 73 respondents (e.g., 54% response rate) filled out the questionnaire. Most of the respondents (69.8%) were very comfortable with this new virtual experience. Most participants (53.4%) preferred the e-OSCE compared to the classic face-to-face clinical OSCE during the pandemic. Regarding the e-OSCE assessment student tool, 46.6% reported that it is similar to the classic face-to-face OSCE; however, 38.4% felt it was worse. CONCLUSIONS The e-OSCE can be a very effective alternative to the classic face-to-face OSCE due to the current circumstances that still pose a significant risk of infection transmission. Future studies should examine different virtual strategies to ensure effective OSCE delivery from the perspective of both faculty and students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lana A. Shaiba
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahdi A. Alnamnakani
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- General Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
- Undergraduate Committee, Pediatric Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nurah Alamro
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsohime
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim Alrabiaah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad N. Alanazi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
| | - Khalid Alhasan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adi Alherbish
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid F. Mobaireek
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Bashiri
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.S.); (M.A.A.); (N.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (S.N.A.); (K.A.); (A.A.); (K.F.M.); (F.A.B.)
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yazed AlRuthia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Al-Babtain AA, Elbatal I, Chesneau C, Elgarhy M. Estimation of different types of entropies for the Kumaraswamy distribution. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249027. [PMID: 33784310 PMCID: PMC8009427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The estimation of the entropy of a random system or process is of interest in many scientific applications. The aim of this article is the analysis of the entropy of the famous Kumaraswamy distribution, an aspect which has not been the subject of particular attention previously as surprising as it may seem. With this in mind, six different entropy measures are considered and expressed analytically via the beta function. A numerical study is performed to discuss the behavior of these measures. Subsequently, we investigate their estimation through a semi-parametric approach combining the obtained expressions and the maximum likelihood estimation approach. Maximum likelihood estimates for the considered entropy measures are thus derived. The convergence properties of these estimates are proved through a simulated data, showing their numerical efficiency. Concrete applications to two real data sets are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ibrahim Elbatal
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christophe Chesneau
- Department of Mathematics, Université de Caen, LMNO, Campus II, Science 3, Caen, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Mohammed Elgarhy
- The Higher Institute of Commercial Sciences, Al mahalla Al kubra, Algarbia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jomová K, Hudecova L, Lauro P, Simunkova M, Alwasel SH, Alhazza IM, Valko M. A Switch between Antioxidant and Prooxidant Properties of the Phenolic Compounds Myricetin, Morin, 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavone, Taxifolin and 4-Hydroxy-Coumarin in the Presence of Copper(II) Ions: A Spectroscopic, Absorption Titration and DNA Damage Study. Molecules 2019; 24:E4335. [PMID: 31783535 PMCID: PMC6930463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of polyphenols, predominantly in the context of oxidative stress-related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurological conditions including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, have been documented by a number of papers and reviews. The antioxidant/prooxidant properties of phenolic compounds are related mainly to the number and positions of hydroxyl groups and to their redox metal (Cu, Fe) chelating capacity. In this work we studied structurally distinct phenolic molecules such as myricetin, morin, 3',4'-dihydroxy-flavone, taxifolin and 4-hydroxycoumarin, either alone or as interacting with Cu2+ ions. EPR and UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed that the effective binding of cupric ions to phenolic compounds requires the presence of the 3-OH and 4-CO groups on the flavonoid C ring and unsaturated C2-C3 bond of the C-ring, which permits through-conjugation with the B-ring. An ABTS assay revealed that radical scavenging activities of phenolic compounds are related to their number of hydroxyl groups, planarity of the molecular skeleton, extent of delocalization and they decrease in the order: myricetin > morin > 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone ~ 4-hydroxy coumarin > taxifolin. Absorption titrations indicate that copper ions can modulate the DNA binding affinity of flavonoids via the formation of their Cu-chelates. Gel electrophoresis measurements indicated that the protective effect of the phenolic compounds decreases in the order: 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone > 4-OH coumarin > morin > taxifolin ~ myricetin. This can be explained by the fact that myricetin, taxifolin and morin form stable Cu(II) complexes capable of causing DNA damage via interaction with DNA and ROS formation via the Fenton reaction. Application of ROS scavengers revealed the formation of singlet oxygen, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and their concerted synergistic effect on the DNA. The overall results suggest that the most pronounced DNA damage has been observed for flavonoids containing higher number of hydroxyl groups (including 3-OH group of the C ring), such as myricetin (six hydroxyl groups), morin and taxifolin (five hydroxyl groups) in the presence of Cu(II) ions. The proposed mechanism of action by which Cu(II) complexes of myricetin, morin and taxifolin interact with DNA predispose these substances to act as potential anticancer agents. The anticancer activity of phenolic compounds can be explained by their moderate prooxidant properties, which can boost ROS formation and kill cancer cells. Alternatively, slight prooxidant properties may activate antioxidant systems, including antioxidant enzymes and low molecular antioxidants such as glutathione and thus act as preventive anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Jomová
- Department of Chemistry, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (K.J.); (L.H.); (P.L.)
| | - Lenka Hudecova
- Department of Chemistry, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (K.J.); (L.H.); (P.L.)
| | - Peter Lauro
- Department of Chemistry, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (K.J.); (L.H.); (P.L.)
| | - Miriama Simunkova
- Faculty Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Saleh H. Alwasel
- King Saud University, Zoology Department, College of Science, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (I.M.A.)
| | - Ibrahim M. Alhazza
- King Saud University, Zoology Department, College of Science, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (I.M.A.)
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- King Saud University, Zoology Department, College of Science, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (I.M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|