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Verrillo M, Cianciullo P, Cozzolino V, De Ruberto F, Maresca V, Di Fraia A, Fusaro L, Manes F, Basile A. Oxidative Stress Response Mechanisms Sustain the Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Quercus ilex. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:1154. [PMID: 38674563 PMCID: PMC11055132 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The development of new natural antibiotics is considered as the heart of several investigations in the nutraceutical field. In this work, leaves of Quercus ilex L. treated by tropospheric ozone (O3) and nitrogen (N) deposition, exhibited a clear antimicrobial efficacy against five multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains (two gram-positive and three gram-negative). Under controlled conditions, it was studied how simulated N deposition influences the response to O3 and the antibacterial and antioxidant activity, and antioxidant performance. The extraction was performed by ultra-pure acetone using two different steps. A higher antioxidant activity was measured in the presence of interaction between O3 and N treatments on Quercus leaves. At the same time, all organic extracts tested have shown bacteriostatic activity against all the tested strains with a MIC comprised between 9 and 4 micrograms/mL, and a higher antioxidant efficacy shown by spectrophotometric assay. Stronger antimicrobial activity was found in the samples treated with O3, whereas N-treated plants exhibited an intermediate antibacterial performance. This performance is related to the stimulation of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system induced by the oxidative stress, which results in an increase in the production of antimicrobial bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariavittoria Verrillo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy;
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per la Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare, ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), University of Naples “Federico II”, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Cianciullo
- Department of Biology, University Federico II Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.C.); (V.M.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy;
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per la Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare, ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), University of Naples “Federico II”, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Francesca De Ruberto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology, University Federico II Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.C.); (V.M.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Alessia Di Fraia
- Department of Biology, University Federico II Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.C.); (V.M.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Lina Fusaro
- National Research Council, Institute of BioEconomy, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fausto Manes
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology, University Federico II Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (P.C.); (V.M.); (A.D.F.)
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Nkebiwe PM, Stevens Lekfeldt JD, Symanczik S, Thonar C, Mäder P, Bar-Tal A, Halpern M, Biró B, Bradáčová K, Caniullan PC, Choudhary KK, Cozzolino V, Di Stasio E, Dobczinski S, Geistlinger J, Lüthi A, Gómez-Muñoz B, Kandeler E, Kolberg F, Kotroczó Z, Kulhanek M, Mercl F, Tamir G, Moradtalab N, Piccolo A, Maggio A, Nassal D, Szalai MZ, Juhos K, Fora CG, Florea A, Poşta G, Lauer KF, Toth B, Tlustoš P, Mpanga IK, Weber N, Weinmann M, Yermiyahu U, Magid J, Müller T, Neumann G, Ludewig U, de Neergaard A. Effectiveness of bio-effectors on maize, wheat and tomato performance and phosphorus acquisition from greenhouse to field scales in Europe and Israel: a meta-analysis. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1333249. [PMID: 38628362 PMCID: PMC11020074 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1333249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Biostimulants (Bio-effectors, BEs) comprise plant growth-promoting microorganisms and active natural substances that promote plant nutrient-acquisition, stress resilience, growth, crop quality and yield. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of BEs, particularly under field conditions, appears highly variable and poorly quantified. Using random model meta-analyses tools, we summarize the effects of 107 BE treatments on the performance of major crops, mainly conducted within the EU-funded project BIOFECTOR with a focus on phosphorus (P) nutrition, over five years. Our analyses comprised 94 controlled pot and 47 field experiments under different geoclimatic conditions, with variable stress levels across European countries and Israel. The results show an average growth/yield increase by 9.3% (n=945), with substantial differences between crops (tomato > maize > wheat) and growth conditions (controlled nursery + field (Seed germination and nursery under controlled conditions and young plants transplanted to the field) > controlled > field). Average crop growth responses were independent of BE type, P fertilizer type, soil pH and plant-available soil P (water-P, Olsen-P or Calcium acetate lactate-P). BE effectiveness profited from manure and other organic fertilizers, increasing soil pH and presence of abiotic stresses (cold, drought/heat or salinity). Systematic meta-studies based on published literature commonly face the inherent problem of publication bias where the most suspected form is the selective publication of statistically significant results. In this meta-analysis, however, the results obtained from all experiments within the project are included. Therefore, it is free of publication bias. In contrast to reviews of published literature, our unique study design is based on a common standardized protocol which applies to all experiments conducted within the project to reduce sources of variability. Based on data of crop growth, yield and P acquisition, we conclude that application of BEs can save fertilizer resources in the future, but the efficiency of BE application depends on cropping systems and environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peteh Mehdi Nkebiwe
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jonas D. Stevens Lekfeldt
- Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sarah Symanczik
- Department of Soil Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Thonar
- Department of Soil Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
| | - Paul Mäder
- Department of Soil Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
| | - Asher Bar-Tal
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Moshe Halpern
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Borbala Biró
- Department of Agro-Environmental Studies, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klára Bradáčová
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Pedro C. Caniullan
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Krishna K. Choudhary
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Emilio Di Stasio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Stefan Dobczinski
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joerg Geistlinger
- Institute of Bioanalytical Sciences, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Bernburg, Germany
| | - Angelika Lüthi
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Muñoz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Ellen Kandeler
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Soil Biology Department, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Flora Kolberg
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zsolt Kotroczó
- Department of Agro-Environmental Studies, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martin Kulhanek
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Suchdol, Czechia
| | - Filip Mercl
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Suchdol, Czechia
| | - Guy Tamir
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Narges Moradtalab
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Albino Maggio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Dinah Nassal
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Soil Biology Department, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Magdolna Zita Szalai
- Department of Agro-Environmental Studies, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Juhos
- Department of Agro-Environmental Studies, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ciprian G. Fora
- Department of Horticulture, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Andreea Florea
- Department of Horticulture, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Gheorghe Poşta
- Department of Horticulture, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Karl Fritz Lauer
- Department of Horticulture, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Brigitta Toth
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Agricultural Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Suchdol, Czechia
| | - Isaac K. Mpanga
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nino Weber
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Weinmann
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Uri Yermiyahu
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Jakob Magid
- Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Torsten Müller
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Günter Neumann
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Uwe Ludewig
- Institute of Crop Science, Departments of Nutritional Crop Physiology and Fertilization and Soil Matter Dynamics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas de Neergaard
- Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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Piccolo A, Drosos M, Nuzzo A, Cozzolino V, Scopa A. Enhanced washing of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from contaminated soils by the empowered surfactant properties of de novo O-alkylated humic matter. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:16995-17004. [PMID: 38329672 PMCID: PMC10894171 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous solutions of humic acid (HA) derivatized by a catalyzed O-alkylation reaction with methyl, pentyl, and benzyl groups at 40, 60, and 80% of total HA acidity were used to wash off polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from two contaminated soils. The enhanced surfactant properties enabled the alkylated HA to remove phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene from both soils more extensively than the original unmodified HA, the 60% benzylation generally showing the greatest soil washing efficiency. For both soils, all alkylated HA revealed greater PAH removals than Triton X-100 nonionic surfactant, while the benzylated and methylated HA nearly and fully matched pollutants release by the anionic SDS in the coarse- and fine-textured soils, respectively. A consecutive second washing with 60% benzylated HA removed additional PAHs, in respect to the first washing, from the coarser-textured soil, except for fluoranthene, while removal from the finer-textured soil incremented even more for all PAHs. These findings indicate that the enhanced hydrophobicity obtained by a simple and unexpensive chemical derivatization of a natural humic surfactant can be usefully exploited in the washing of polluted soils, without being toxic to the soil biota and by potentially promoting the subsequent bio-attenuation of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Piccolo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy.
| | - Marios Drosos
- School of Agricultural, Forestal, Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Assunta Nuzzo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Antonio Scopa
- School of Agricultural, Forestal, Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Basilicata, Viale Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
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Savy D, Verrillo M, Cangemi S, Cozzolino V. Lignin nanoparticles from hydrotropic fractionation of giant reed and eucalypt: Structural elucidation and antibacterial properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129966. [PMID: 38320639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
A hydrotropic solution of maleic acid (MA) was exploited to fractionate giant reed (AD) and eucalypt (EUC). The pre-treatment was successful for AD, while it was unsatisfactory for EUC, likely due to unoptimized reaction conditions. Interestingly, lignin nanoparticles (LNP) were produced via spontaneous aggregation following spent liquor dilution. LNP were studied by a plethora of analytical techniques, such as thermogravimetry, electron microscopy, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Notwithstanding LNP from both AD and EUC showed similar thermal behaviour and morphology, a greater content of aliphatic hydroxyl, carboxyl, guaiacyl and p-hydroxyphenyl moieties was reported for AD-LNP, whereas EUC-LNP had a larger amount of syringyl groups and a higher S/G ratio. Also, the 1H-DOSY NMR indicated the lower size of AD-LNP. Moreover, the LNP were found to negatively impact on the development of several human or plant pathogens, and their bioactivity was related to the occurrence of guaiacyl and p-hydroxyphenyl moieties and a lower the LNP size. We therefore found that MA delignification allows both to achieve high delignification efficiency and to obtain LNP with promising antibacterial effect. Such LNP may help counteracting the antibiotics resistance and sustain the quest for finding sustainable agrochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Savy
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
| | - Mariavittoria Verrillo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Silvana Cangemi
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
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De Filippis F, Bonelli M, Bruno D, Sequino G, Montali A, Reguzzoni M, Pasolli E, Savy D, Cangemi S, Cozzolino V, Tettamanti G, Ercolini D, Casartelli M, Caccia S. Plastics shape the black soldier fly larvae gut microbiome and select for biodegrading functions. Microbiome 2023; 11:205. [PMID: 37705113 PMCID: PMC10500907 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last few years, considerable attention has been focused on the plastic-degrading capability of insects and their gut microbiota in order to develop novel, effective, and green strategies for plastic waste management. Although many analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing are available, an in-depth analysis of the insect gut microbiome to identify genes with plastic-degrading potential is still lacking. RESULTS In the present work, we aim to fill this gap using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) as insect model. BSF larvae have proven capability to efficiently bioconvert a wide variety of organic wastes but, surprisingly, have never been considered for plastic degradation. BSF larvae were reared on two widely used plastic polymers and shotgun metagenomics was exploited to evaluate if and how plastic-containing diets affect composition and functions of the gut microbial community. The high-definition picture of the BSF gut microbiome gave access for the first time to the genomes of culturable and unculturable microorganisms in the gut of insects reared on plastics and revealed that (i) plastics significantly shaped bacterial composition at species and strain level, and (ii) functions that trigger the degradation of the polymer chains, i.e., DyP-type peroxidases, multicopper oxidases, and alkane monooxygenases, were highly enriched in the metagenomes upon exposure to plastics, consistently with the evidences obtained by scanning electron microscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance analyses on plastics. CONCLUSIONS In addition to highlighting that the astonishing plasticity of the microbiota composition of BSF larvae is associated with functional shifts in the insect microbiome, the present work sets the stage for exploiting BSF larvae as "bioincubators" to isolate microbial strains and enzymes for the development of innovative plastic biodegradation strategies. However, most importantly, the larvae constitute a source of enzymes to be evolved and valorized by pioneering synthetic biology approaches. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Filippis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Bonelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Bruno
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sequino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Aurora Montali
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Marcella Reguzzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pasolli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Savy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials (CERMANU), University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Silvana Cangemi
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials (CERMANU), University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials (CERMANU), University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tettamanti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Danilo Ercolini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy.
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Morena Casartelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy.
| | - Silvia Caccia
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Piccolo A, García-Díaz C, Cozzolino V, Drosos M, Scopa A, Valentini M. Varying the hydrophobicity of humic matter by a phase-transfer-catalyzed O-alkylation reaction. Chemosphere 2023; 313:137599. [PMID: 36549509 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An O-alkylation reaction catalyzed by tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) as a phase-transfer agent was applied to a humic acid (HA) to modify its hydrophobic properties. The carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups of HA acted as nucleophiles in substitution reactions (Sn2) with methyl iodide, pentyl bromide and benzyl bromide added in amounts equimolar to 20, 60 and 80% of HA total nucleophilic sites. The occurrence of O-alkylation was shown by DRIFT spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, High Performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC) and elemental analysis of reaction products. DRIFT spectra showed changes in C-H stretching and bending regions following the insertion of methyl and pentyl groups, while the incorporation of benzyl groups revealed the characteristics aromatic C-H stretching bands. Both liquid- and solid-state NMR spectra revealed characteristic signals for alkyl/aryl esters and ethers. HPSEC chromatograms of alkylated materials invariably displayed an increase in hydrodynamic volume in respect to the original HA, thereby suggesting that the enhanced hydrophobicity conveyed further associations among humic molecules. Analytical, HPSEC and spectroscopic results suggest that benzylation was the most effective reaction at all percentages of HA total nucleophilicity, followed, in the order, by pentylation and methylation, The benzylation reaction was used to improve reaction and work-up conditions and show that HA could be efficiently alkylated also with substantial reduction of TBAH amount, with no THF addition, increase of reaction time and of washing cycles to remove catalyst impurities. These findings indicate that the hydrophobicity of humic substances can be modulated through a mild O-alkylation reaction under a phase-transfer catalysis according to the extent of exposed HA nucleophilic sites. Such a structural modification of humic matter may have multiple chemical, environmental and biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Piccolo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare e i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy.
| | - César García-Díaz
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360, México City, Mexico
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare e i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Marios Drosos
- Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali (SAFE), Università della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Scopa
- Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali (SAFE), Università della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
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Verrillo M, Koellensperger G, Puehringer M, Cozzolino V, Spaccini R, Rampler E. Evaluation of Sustainable Recycled Products to Increase the Production of Nutraceutical and Antibacterial Molecules in Basil Plants by a Combined Metabolomic Approach. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:513. [PMID: 36771598 PMCID: PMC9919386 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An important goal of modern medicine is the development of products deriving from natural sources to improve environmental sustainability. In this study, humic substances (HS) and compost teas (CTs) extracted from artichoke (ART) and coffee grounds (COF) as recycled biomasses were employed on Ocimum basilicum plants to optimize the yield of specific metabolites with nutraceutical and antibacterial features by applying sustainable strategies. METHODS The molecular characteristics of compost derivates were elucidated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy to investigate the structure-activity relationship between organic extracts and their bioactive potential. Additionally, combined untargeted and targeted metabolomics workflows were applied to plants treated with different concentrations of compost extracts. RESULTS The substances HS-ART and CT-COF improved both antioxidant activity (TEAC values between 39 and 55 μmol g-1) and the antimicrobial efficacy (MIC value between 3.7 and 1.3 μg mL-1) of basil metabolites. The metabolomic approach identified about 149 metabolites related to the applied treatments. Targeted metabolite quantification further highlighted the eliciting effect of HS-ART and CT-COF on the synthesis of aromatic amino acids and phenolic compounds for nutraceutical application. CONCLUSIONS The combination of molecular characterization, biological assays, and an advanced metabolomic approach, provided innovative insight into the valorization of recycled biomass to increase the availability of natural compounds employed in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariavittoria Verrillo
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per la Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare, ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Puehringer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per la Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare, ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spaccini
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per la Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare, ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Evelyn Rampler
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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8
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Verrillo M, Savy D, Cangemi S, Savarese C, Cozzolino V, Piccolo A. Valorization of lignins from energy crops and agro-industrial byproducts as antioxidant and antibacterial materials. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:2885-2892. [PMID: 34755340 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing eco-friendly antioxidant and antimicrobial substances originating from biomass residues has recently attracted considerable interest. In this study, two lignosulfonates and various oxidized water-soluble lignins were investigated for their antioxidant properties, as assessed by ABTS, DPPH and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, and their antimicrobial activity against some bacterial strains responsible for human pathologies. RESULTS The lignosulfonates showed the largest antiradical/antimicrobial capacity, whereas the other substrates were less effective. The observed antioxidant/antibacterial properties were positively correlated with lignin aromatic/phenolic content. The positive correlation between antiradical and antimicrobial activities suggests that lignin scavenging capacity was also involved in its antibacterial activity. A greater antimicrobial performance was generally observed against Gram-positive bacterial strains, and it was attributed to the intrinsic larger susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria to lignin phenols. A significant though lesser inhibitory activity was also found against Escherichia coli. CONCLUSION Our results confirmed the dependence of lignin antioxidant/antibacterial power on its extraction method and chemical structure, as well as on the type of bacterial strains. Identifying the relationship between lignin molecular composition and its antioxidant/antibacterial features represents an advance on the potential future use of renewable and eco-compatible lignin materials in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariavittoria Verrillo
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials (CERMANU) - University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Davide Savy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials (CERMANU) - University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Silvana Cangemi
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials (CERMANU) - University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Claudia Savarese
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials (CERMANU) - University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials (CERMANU) - University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
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Verrillo M, Salzano M, Cozzolino V, Spaccini R, Piccolo A. Bioactivity and antimicrobial properties of chemically characterized compost teas from different green composts. Waste Manag 2021; 120:98-107. [PMID: 33290882 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The acknowledgement of bioactive functions of compost teas promotes the research on characteristics and potential application of these heterogeneous water-soluble extracts from recycled biomasses. In this work, compost teas were isolated from on-farm composts made with agro-industrial residues of artichoke, pepper and coffee husks with the aim to evaluate the structural-activity relationship of dissolved bioactive molecules. The molecular features of compost teas were determined by 13C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, and off-line pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Bioactivity of different compost teas was tested on Basil seeds germination, while the antioxidant capacity was measured by ABTS and DDPH spectrophotometric assays. The antimicrobial activity was measured against some pathogenic human bacterial strains. The seed germination experiment showed no phytotoxic effects and a significant increase of both root and epicotyls upon application of coffee husks and pepper CT samples. The same compost teas revealed the largest antioxidant activity and a clear antimicrobial effect determined by MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) against some gram-negative bacterial strains such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The bioactivity of CT-samples was related to their general hydrophobic features and to specific molecular composition. In particular, 13C-CPMAS NMR spectra and off-line thermochemolysis GC-MS highlighted a close correlation between radical scavenger activity and antibacterial bioactive functions with bio-available soluble aromatic compounds, such as lignin and phenols derivatives. The antioxidant and, antibacterial properties of compost teas from green composts encourages an innovative potential application of these eco-friendly products not only in agricultural applications but also in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariavittoria Verrillo
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca CERMANU, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
| | - Melania Salzano
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca CERMANU, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spaccini
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca CERMANU, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca CERMANU, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
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10
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Savy D, Brostaux Y, Cozzolino V, Delaplace P, du Jardin P, Piccolo A. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of Humic-Like Biostimulants Derived From Agro-Industrial Byproducts and Energy Crops. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:581. [PMID: 32528492 PMCID: PMC7264396 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Humic-like substances (HLSs) isolated by alkaline oxidative hydrolysis from lignin-rich agro-industrial residues have been shown to exert biostimulant activity toward maize (Zea mays L.) germination and early growth. The definition of a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) between HLS and their bioactivity could be useful to predict their biological properties and tailor plant biostimulants for specific agronomic and industrial uses. Here, we created several projection on latent structure (PLS) regression by using published analytical data on the molecular composition of lignin-derived HLS obtained by both 13C-CPMAS-NMR spectra directly on samples and 31P-NMR spectra after derivatization of hydroxyl functions with a P-containing reagent (2-chloro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane). These spectral data were used to model the effect of HLS on the elongation of primary root, lateral seminal roots, total root apparatus, and coleoptile of maize. The 13C-CPMAS-NMR data suggested that methoxyl and aromatic moieties positively affected plant growth, while the carboxyl/esterified functions showed a negative impact on the overall seedling development. Alkyl C seems to promote Col elongation while concomitantly reducing that of the root system. Additionally, 31P-NMR-derived spectra revealed that the elongation of roots and Col were enhanced by the occurrence of aliphatic hydroxyl groups, and guaiacyl and p-Hydroxyphenyl lignin monomers. The PLS models based on raw dataset from 13C-CPMAS-NMR spectra explained more than 74% of the variance for the length of lateral seminal roots, total root system and coleoptile, while other parameters derived from 13C-CPMAS-NMR spectra, namely the Hydrophobicity and Hydrophilicity of materials were necessary to explain 83% of the variance of the primary root length. The results from 31P-NMR spectra explained the observed biological variance by 90, 96, 96, and 93% for the length of primary root, lateral seminal roots, total root system and coleoptile, respectively. This work shows that different NMR spectroscopy techniques can be used to build up PLS models which can predict the bioactivity of lignin-derived HLS toward early growth of maize plants. The established QSAR may also be exploited to enhance by chemical techniques the bioactive properties of HLS and enhance their plant stimulation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Savy
- Plant Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Davide Savy,
| | - Yves Brostaux
- Statistical Modelling and Development, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pierre Delaplace
- Plant Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrick du Jardin
- Plant Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Environment, Agri-Food and New Materials, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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11
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Spaccini R, Cozzolino V, Di Meo V, Savy D, Drosos M, Piccolo A. Bioactivity of humic substances and water extracts from compost made by ligno-cellulose wastes from biorefinery. Sci Total Environ 2019; 646:792-800. [PMID: 30064105 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The ligno-cellulose residues from biorefinery production of bio-ethanol were used as woody structuring material within an on-farm composting system, with the aim to obtain bioactive water soluble and humic fractions from composted materials. The molecular characterization of initial biomasses and final products revealed a transformation towards more stable compounds during composting and showed the selective incorporation of specific phenolic derivatives of ligno-cellulose in both bulk samples and corresponding extracts. While the use of the stable bulk composts as organic fertilizer resulted in a decrease of nitrogen and phosphorous assimilation in maize tissues, a bio-stimulation was shown by water soluble organic compounds and humic substances in germination tests and pot experiments, respectively. The differential responses obtained in maize seedlings and plants were related to the molecular composition and concentration of the applied water extracts and humic substances, thus suggesting a role of phenols and lignin derivatives in the stimulation of maize roots and shoots and the enhancement of P uptake. The results confirm that ligno-cellulose residues may be effectively recycled as composting additives in order to enrich mature compost in aromatic and lignin compounds. A preliminary knowledge on the molecular characteristics and biological properties of composted materials is an essential requirement to select the most suitable derivatives from composted ligno-cellulose wastes in sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Spaccini
- CERMANU Interdepartmental Research Centre, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Department of Agricultural Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
| | - V Cozzolino
- CERMANU Interdepartmental Research Centre, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Department of Agricultural Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - V Di Meo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - D Savy
- CERMANU Interdepartmental Research Centre, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - M Drosos
- CERMANU Interdepartmental Research Centre, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - A Piccolo
- CERMANU Interdepartmental Research Centre, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Department of Agricultural Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
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12
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Vinci G, Cozzolino V, Mazzei P, Monda H, Spaccini R, Piccolo A. An alternative to mineral phosphorus fertilizers: The combined effects of Trichoderma harzianum and compost on Zea mays, as revealed by 1H NMR and GC-MS metabolomics. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209664. [PMID: 30589863 PMCID: PMC6307717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of Trichoderma harzianum (strain OMG-08) as plant growth promoting fungus (PGPF), was tested on Zea mays plants grown in soil pots added with different inorganic (triple superphosphate and rock phosphate) and organic (cow and horse manure composts) P fertilizers. The effect of treatments was evaluated by following the variations of plants dry biomass and nutrient content, as well as the metabolic changes in plant leaves by both GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. A synergic effect was observed in treatments with both composts and fungus inoculation, in which not only plant growth and P uptake were enhanced, but also the expression of different metabolites related to an improved photosynthetic activity. Conversely, the combination of Trichoderma with inorganic fertilizers was less effective and even showed a reduction of plants shoot biomass and N content. The corresponding plant metabolome revealed metabolic compounds typical of biotic or abiotic stresses, which may be attributed to a reduced capacity of inorganic fertilizers to provide a sufficient P availability during plant growth. Our findings also indicate that the molecular composition of compost differentiated the Trichoderma activity in sustaining plant growth. The positive effects of the combined Trichoderma and compost treatment suggest that it may become an alternative to the phosphorus mineral fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vinci
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici (NA), Italy
- * E-mail: (GV); (AP)
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mazzei
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Hiarhi Monda
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Riccardo Spaccini
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici (NA), Italy
- * E-mail: (GV); (AP)
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13
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Savy D, Cozzolino V, Drosos M, Mazzei P, Piccolo A. Replacing calcium with ammonium counterion in lignosulfonates from paper mills affects their molecular properties and bioactivity. Sci Total Environ 2018; 645:411-418. [PMID: 30025241 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lignosulfonates are important by-products of the paper industry and may be transformed into different commodities. We studied the molecular properties of ammonium (LS-AM) and calcium Lignosulfonates (LS-C) and evaluated their bioactivity towards the early development of maize plantlets. The FT-IR, 13C NMR and 1H-13C-HSQC-NMR spectra showed that the two lignosulfonates varied in hydroxyl, sulfonate and phenolic content, while DOSY-NMR spectroscopy suggested a similar diffusivity. High Performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC) was used to simulate the effects of root-exuded acids and describe the conformational dynamics of both LS substrates in acidic aqueous solutions. This technique showed that LS-C was stabilized by the divalent Ca2+ counterion, thus showing a greater conformational stability than LS-AM, whose components could not be as efficiently aggregated by the monovalent NH4+ counter-ion. The plant bioassays revealed that LS-AM enhanced the elongation of the root system, whereas LS-C significantly increased both total and shoot plant weights. We concluded that the lignosulfonate bioactivity on plant growth depended on the applied concentrations, their molecular properties and conformational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Savy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Plant Biology laboratory, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2 Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Marios Drosos
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mazzei
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
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14
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Mazzei P, Cozzolino V, Piccolo A. High-Resolution Magic-Angle-Spinning NMR and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Spectroscopies Distinguish Metabolome and Structural Properties of Maize Seeds from Plants Treated with Different Fertilizers and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:2580-2588. [PMID: 29323890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Both high-resolution magic-angle-spinning (HRMAS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) NMR spectroscopies were applied here to identify the changes of metabolome, morphology, and structural properties induced in seeds (caryopses) of maize plants grown at field level under either mineral or compost fertilization in combination with the inoculation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The metabolome of intact caryopses was examined by HRMAS-NMR, while the morphological aspects, endosperm properties and seed water distribution were investigated by MRI. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to evaluate 1H CPMG (Carr-Purcel-Meiboom-Gill) HRMAS spectra as well as several MRI-derived parameters ( T1, T2, and self-diffusion coefficients) of intact maize caryopses. PCA score-plots from spectral results indicated that both seeds metabolome and structural properties depended on the specific field treatment undergone by maize plants. Our findings show that a combination of multivariate statistical analyses with advanced and nondestructive NMR techniques, such as HRMAS and MRI, enables the evaluation of the effects induced on maize caryopses by different fertilization and management practices at field level. The spectroscopic approach adopted here may become useful for the objective appraisal of the quality of seeds produced under a sustainable agriculture.
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Bergamo P, Cocca E, Monaco A, Cozzolino V, Boscaino F, Ferrandino I, Maurano F, Rossi M. Protective effect of Rumenic acid rich cow's milk against colitis is associated with the activation of Nrf2 pathway in a murine model. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 125:14-23. [PMID: 28987717 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with pure cis9, trans11 isomer of Conjugated Linoleic Acid -known as Rumenic Acid (RA)- improves cytoprotective defenses downstream through the activation of nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2(Nrf2). This capability, when Rumenic Acid is consumed in the form of foods, is still unknown. The ability of standard (St) or cow milk naturally-enriched in RA (En) to activate Nrf2 pathway and its impact on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis was comparatively evaluated. Activity of Nrf2 pathway was investigated in colonic tissue of BALB/c mice, receiving 4-week supplement with skimmed milk (SK), St or St reinforced with pure RA (RSt) providing increasing RA dose (0, 124 or 404mg RA/kg-1 b.w, respectively). Next, the anti-oxidant/ anti-inflammatory effect produced by St or En treatment (383mg RA/kg-1 b.w.) was explored. Finally, macroscopic and histomorphologic features of colitis were evaluated in animals challenged with 5% (w/v) DSS, at the end of St or En treatment. Significant activation of Nrf2 pathway is associated with RSt and En intake (P<0.05), but not with SK or En treatment. En pre-treatment offers better protection, in comparison with St, against pro-oxidant, pro-inflammatory signs (P<0.01) and macroscopic signs triggered by DSS. It can be concluded that Nrf2 activation by higher RA amount contained in En is, at least in part, responsible for the improved protection associated with En intake against DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bergamo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISA), Avellino, Italy.
| | - E Cocca
- Institute of Biosciences and Bio-resources, National Research Council (CNR-IBBR), Naples, Italy
| | - A Monaco
- Department of Biology, University "Federico II" of Naples, Italy
| | - V Cozzolino
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISA), Avellino, Italy
| | - F Boscaino
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISA), Avellino, Italy
| | - I Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University "Federico II" of Naples, Italy
| | - F Maurano
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISA), Avellino, Italy
| | - M Rossi
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISA), Avellino, Italy
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16
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Monda H, Cozzolino V, Vinci G, Spaccini R, Piccolo A. Molecular characteristics of water-extractable organic matter from different composted biomasses and their effects on seed germination and early growth of maize. Sci Total Environ 2017; 590-591:40-49. [PMID: 28288420 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Four water extractable organic matter (WEOM) were obtained from composts made out of residues of: 1. artichoke (C-CYN), 2. artichoke/fennel (C-CYNF), 3. tomato/woodchips (C-TOM), 4. Municipal solid waste (C-MSW), and their bioactivity was tested for maize seed germination and maize seedling growth. The molecular properties of both original composts and their WEOM were characterized by spectroscopic (13C-CPMAS- and 1H NMR, FTIR-ATR), thermochemolysis-GC/MS, and thermal methods (TGA, DSC). While all WEOM had significant effects on plant growth, CYN-WEOM was the only material that concomitantly increased germination rate and primary and lateral root length of maize seedlings. The lignin-rich WEOM from green composts were generally more effective than those obtained from equally hydrophobic, but mainly alkyl-rich municipal organic wastes. A flexible conformational structure, due to the balanced content of aromatic compounds and carbohydrates, appeared to facilitate the release of bioactive molecules from WEOM suprastructures and stimulate plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiarhi Monda
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
| | - Vincenza Cozzolino
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Vinci
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spaccini
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agro-Alimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
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Cozzolino V, De Martino A, Nebbioso A, Di Meo V, Salluzzo A, Piccolo A. Plant tolerance to mercury in a contaminated soil is enhanced by the combined effects of humic matter addition and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:11312-11322. [PMID: 26931658 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In a greenhouse pot experiment, lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.) were grown in a Hg-contaminated sandy soil with and without inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (a commercial inoculum containing infective propagules of Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae) amended with different rates of a humic acid (0, 1, and 2 g kg(-1) of soil), with the objective of verifying the synergistic effects of the two soil treatments on the Hg tolerance of lettuce plants. Our results indicated that the plant biomass was significantly increased by the combined effect of AMF and humic acid treatments. Addition of humic matter to soil boosted the AMF effect on improving the nutritional plant status, enhancing the pigment content in plant leaves, and inhibiting both Hg uptake and Hg translocation from the roots to the shoots. This was attributed not only to the Hg immobilization by stable complexes with HA and with extraradical mycorrhizal mycelium in soil and root surfaces but also to an improved mineral nutrition promoted by AMF. This work indicates that the combined use of AMF and humic acids may become a useful practice in Hg-contaminated soils to reduce Hg toxicity to crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cozzolino
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy.
| | - A De Martino
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy.
| | - A Nebbioso
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - V Di Meo
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy
| | - A Salluzzo
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment, Centre of Research of Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - A Piccolo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Italy
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Caporale AG, Pigna M, Sommella A, Dynes JJ, Cozzolino V, Violante A. Influence of compost on the mobility of arsenic in soil and its uptake by bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) irrigated with arsenite-contaminated water. J Environ Manage 2013; 128:837-843. [PMID: 23872213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The influence of compost on the growth of bean plants irrigated with As-contaminated waters and its influence on the mobility of As in the soils and the uptake of As (as NaAs(III)O2) by plant components was studied at various compost application rates (3·10(4) and 6·10(4) kg ha(-1)) and at three As concentrations (1, 2 and 3 mg kg(-1)). The biomass and As and P concentrations of the roots, shoots and beans were determined at harvest time, as well as the chlorophyll content of the leaves and nonspecific and specifically bound As in the soil. The bean plants exposed to As showed typical phytotoxicity symptoms; no plants however died over the study. The biomass of the bean plants increased with the increasing amounts of compost added to the soil, attributed to the phytonutritive capacity of compost. Biomass decreased with increasing As concentrations, however, the reduction in the biomass was significantly lower with the addition of compost, indicating that the As phytotoxicity was alleviated by the compost. For the same As concentration, the As content of the roots, shoots and beans decreased with increasing compost added compared to the Control. This is due to partial immobilization of the As by the organic functional groups on the compost, either directly or through cation bridging. Most of the As adsorbed by the bean plants accumulated in the roots, while a scant allocation of As occurred in the beans. Hence, the addition of compost to soils could be used as an effective means to limit As accumulation in crops from As-contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio G Caporale
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, N. 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
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Caporale AG, Pigna M, Dynes JJ, Cozzolino V, Zhu J, Violante A. Effect of inorganic and organic ligands on the sorption/desorption of arsenate on/from Al-Mg and Fe-Mg layered double hydroxides. J Hazard Mater 2011; 198:291-298. [PMID: 22071258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the sorption of arsenate on Al-Mg and Fe-Mg layered double hydroxides as affected by pH and varying concentrations of inorganic and organic ligands, and the effect of residence time on the desorption of arsenate by ligands. The capacity of ligands to inhibit the fixation of arsenate followed the sequence: nitrate<nitrite<sulphate<selenite<tartrate<oxalate≪phosphate on Al-Mg-LDH and nitrate<sulphate≈nitrite<tartrate<oxalate<selenite≪ phosphate on Fe-Mg-LDH. The inhibition of arsenate sorption increased by increasing the initial ligand concentration and was greater on Al-Mg-LDH than on Fe-Mg-LDH. The longer the arsenate residence time on the LDH surfaces the less effective the competing ligands were in desorbing arsenate from sorbents. A greater percentage of arsenate was removed by phosphate from Al-Mg-LDH than from Fe-Mg-LDH, due to the higher affinity of arsenate for iron than aluminum.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Caporale
- Department of Soil, Plant, Environment and Animal Production Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Portici (Napoli), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Zhu J, Cozzolino V, Pigna M, Huang Q, Caporale AG, Violante A. Sorption of Cu, Pb and Cr on Na-montmorillonite: competition and effect of major elements. Chemosphere 2011; 84:484-489. [PMID: 21481915 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The competitive sorption among Cu, Pb and Cr in ternary system on Na-montmorillonite at pH 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 and at different heavy metal concentrations, and the effect of varying concentrations of Al, Fe, Ca and Mg on the sorption of heavy metals were studied. Competitive sorption of Cu, Pb and Cr in ternary system on montmorillonite followed the sequence of Cr≫Cu>Pb. Moreover, the competition was weakened by the increase of pH while was intensified by the increase of heavy metal concentration. The sorption of heavy metal on montmorillonite was inhibited by the presence of Ca and Mg, while Al and Fe showed different patterns in affecting heavy metal sorption. Aluminum and Fe generally inhibited the sorption of heavy metal when the pH and/or concentration of major elements were relatively low. However, promoting effects on heavy metal sorption by Al and Fe were found at relatively high pH and/or great concentration of major elements. The inhibition of major elements on heavy metal sorption generally followed the order of Al>Fe>Ca⩾Mg, while Fe was more efficient than Al in promoting the sorption of heavy metals. These findings are of fundamental significance for evaluating the mobility of heavy metals in polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of Soil, Plant, Environment and Animal Production Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Naples "Federico II", Via University 100, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy.
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Zhu J, Pigna M, Cozzolino V, Caporale AG, Violante A. Sorption of arsenite and arsenate on ferrihydrite: effect of organic and inorganic ligands. J Hazard Mater 2011; 189:564-571. [PMID: 21419571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We studied the sorption of As(III) and As(V) onto ferrihydrite as affected by pH, nature and concentration of organic [oxalic (OX), malic (MAL), tartaric (TAR), and citric (CIT) acid] and inorganic [phosphate (PO(4)), sulphate (SO(4)), selenate (SeO(4)) and selenite (SeO(3))] ligands, and the sequence of anion addition. The sorption capacity of As(III) was greater than that of As(V) in the range of pH 4.0-11.0. The capability of organic and inorganic ligands in preventing As sorption follows the sequence: SeO(4) ≈ SO(4) < OX < MAL ≈ TAR < CIT < SeO(3) ≪ PO(4). The efficiency of most of the competing ligands in preventing As(III) and As(V) sorption increased by decreasing pH, but PO(4) whose efficiency increased by increasing pH. In acidic systems all the competing ligands inhibited the sorption of As(III) more than As(V), but in alkaline environments As(III) and As(V) seem to be retained with the same strength on the Fe-oxide. Finally, the competing anions prevented As(III) and As(V) sorption more when added before than together or after As(III) or As(V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta, dell'Ambiente e delle Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy
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Violante A, Cozzolino V, Perelomov L, Caporale A, Pigna M. MOBILITY AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF HEAVY METALS AND METALLOIDS IN SOIL ENVIRONMENTS. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 2010. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.4067/s0718-95162010000100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
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Orlacchio A, Mancini A, Calabrese G, Bolacchi F, Cozzolino V, Angelico M, Simonetti G. Portal vein thrombosis after radiofrequency ablation of HCC. MINERVA GASTROENTERO 2010; 56:87-91. [PMID: 20190729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The authors describe an unusual complication after radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An 84-year old man, already operated of right hepatectomy for HCC, underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of a new focal hepatic lesion in IV segment, under ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) guidance. The procedure was carried out without any special difficulties or complications. Seven days later, the patient suddenly complained epigastric pain, progressive jaundice and sleepiness and an increase in cholestasis sierological parameters. A CT scan revealed thrombosis of the left side branch of the portal vein, with moderate bile ducts distension. The case described demonstrates how RFA may cause thermally mediated damage of the surrounding structures, due to unpredictable radio-frequency propagation. The interest of this case report is due to the fact that portal vein thrombosis did not occur immediately after the procedure, it happened without direct vessel injury by the needle and involved a vessel greater than 3 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Orlacchio
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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Violante A, Pucci M, Cozzolino V, Zhu J, Pigna M. Sorption/desorption of arsenate on/from Mg–Al layered double hydroxides: Influence of phosphate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 333:63-70. [PMID: 19211108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2009.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Revised: 12/26/2008] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Violante A, Pigna M, Del Gaudio S, Cozzolino V, Banerjee D. Coprecipitation of arsenate with metal oxides. 3. Nature, mineralogy, and reactivity of iron(III)-aluminum precipitates. Environ Sci Technol 2009; 43:1515-1521. [PMID: 19350928 DOI: 10.1021/es802229r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Coprecipitation involving arsenic with aluminum or iron has been studied because this technique is considered particularly efficient for removal of this toxic element from polluted waters. Coprecipitation of arsenic with mixed iron-aluminum solutions has received scant attention. In this work we studied (i)the mineralogy, surface properties, and chemical composition of mixed iron-aluminum oxides formed at initial Fe/Al molar ratio of 1.0 in the absence or presence of arsenate [As/ Fe+Al molar ratio (R) of 0, 0.01, or 0.1] and at pH 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0 and aged for 30 and 210 days at 50 degrees C and (ii) the removal of arsenate from the coprecipitates after addition of phosphate. The amounts of short-range ordered precipitates (ferrihydrite, aluminous ferrihydrite and/or poorly crystalline boehmite) were greater than those found in iron and aluminum systems (studied in previous works), due to the capacity of both aluminum and arsenate to retard or inhibitthe transformation of the initially formed precipitates into well-crystallized oxides (gibbsite, bayerite, and hematite). As a consequence, the surface areas of the iron-aluminum oxides formed in the absence or presence of arsenate were usually much larger than those of aluminum or iron oxides formed under the same conditions. Arsenate was found to be associated mainly into short-range ordered materials. Chemical composition of all samples was affected by pH, initial R, and aging. Phosphate sorption was facilitated by the presence of short-range ordered materials, mainly those richer in aluminum, but was inhibited by arsenate present in the samples. The quantities of arsenate replaced by phosphate, expressed as percentages of its total amount present in the samples, were particularly low, ranging from 10% to 26%. A comparison of the desorption of arsenate by phosphate from aluminum-arsenate and iron-arsenate (studied in previous works) and iron-aluminum-arsenate coprecipitates evidenced that phosphate has a greater capacity to desorb arsenate from aluminum than iron sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Violante
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e dell'Ambiente, Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici (Napoli), Italy.
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Orlacchio A, Bolacchi F, Rotili A, Cossu E, Tanga I, Cozzolino V, Simonetti G. MR breast imaging : a comparative analysis of conventional and parallel imaging acquisition. Radiol Med 2008; 113:465-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s11547-008-0278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Monaco A, Cozzolino V, Cattaneo R, Cutilli T, Spadaro A. Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) effects on mandibular kinetics: kinesiographic study. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2008; 9:37-42. [PMID: 18380529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) on mandibular kinematics in TMD patients. METHODS The study was conduced on 28 children with non-specific TMD symptoms, limited mouth opening, history of trauma (delivery trauma, accident trauma). Patients were randomly divided into two groups: an OMT group (study group) and a no-intervention group (control group). All subjects underwent a first kinesiographic recording to evaluate the amplitude and velocity of maximal opening-closing movements. Study group patients underwent a second kinesiographic recording 2 months after OMT. Control group patients were submitted to a control kinesiographic recording six months after the first one. Kinesiographic tracings were acquired using the K7I system. RESULTS/STATISTICS The kinesiographic data of the study group showed a moderate statistically significant difference (p<.07) of maximal mouth opening (MO) parameter and a high statistically significant difference (p<.03) of maximal mouth opening velocity (MOV) parameter. No statistically significative difference (null hypothesis confirmed) of kinesiographic parameters in the control group was observed. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that OMT can induce changes in the stomatognathic dynamics, offering a valid support in the clinical approach to TMD. Multifactorial genesis of chronic disorders is also confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Monaco
- Department of Gnathology and Prosthetic Dentistry. School of Dentistry, University of L'Aquila, Italy.
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Gaudiello F, Colangelo V, Bolacchi F, Melis M, Gandini R, Garaci FG, Cozzolino V, Floris R, Simonetti G. Sixty-four-section CT cerebral perfusion evaluation in patients with carotid artery stenosis before and after stenting with a cerebral protection device. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29:919-23. [PMID: 18296553 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a0945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Brain tissue viability depends on cerebral blood flow (CBF) that has to be kept within a narrow range to avoid the risk of developing ischemia. The aim of the study was to evaluate by 64-section CT (VCT) the cerebral perfusion modifications in patients with severe carotid stenosis before and after undergoing carotid artery stent placement (CAS) with a cerebral protection system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen patients with unilateral internal carotid stenosis (>or=70%) underwent brain perfusional VCT (PVCT) 5 days before and 1 week after the stent-placement procedure. CBF and mean transit time (MTT) values were measured. RESULTS Decreased CBF and increased MTT values were observed in the cerebral areas supplied by the stenotic artery as compared with the areas supplied by the contralateral patent artery (P < .001). A significant normalization of the perfusion parameters was observed after the stent-placement procedure (mean pretreatment MTT value, 5.3 +/- 0.2; mean posttreatment MTT value, 4.3 +/- 0.18, P < .001; mean pretreatment CBF value, 41.2 mL/s +/- 2.1; mean posttreatment CBF value, 47.9 mL/s +/- 2.9, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS PVCT is a useful technique for the assessment of the hemodynamic modifications in patients with severe carotid stenosis. The quantitative evaluation of cerebral perfusion makes it a reliable tool for the follow-up of patients who undergo CAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gaudiello
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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Fanucci E, Manenti G, Masala S, Laviani F, Di Costanzo G, Ludovici A, Cozzolino V, Floris R, Simonetti G. Multiparameter characterisation of vertebral osteoporosis with 3-T MR. Radiol Med 2007; 112:208-23. [PMID: 17361375 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-007-0136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2006] [Accepted: 07/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of 3-Tesla (T) magnetic resonance (MR) in vertebral osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty subjects (ten healthy controls, ten with osteoporosis but no fracture, ten with osteoporotic vertebral fractures) underwent MR of the lumbar spine. Turbo spin echo (TSE) T1-, T2- and T2- spectral selection attenuated inversion recovery (SPAIR) weighted imaging and spectroscopy for the selective evaluation of water and fat content were performed. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed to create a map of the spatial arrangement of the tissue structures. RESULTS Morphological imaging detected recent vertebral fractures. In osteoporotic patients, spectroscopic imaging demonstrated an increase in the saturated fats and a decrease in the ADC, whereas the data provided by DTI demonstrated a bone structure with medium-degree anisotropy. DISCUSSION Osteoporosis is characterised by trabecular thinning, with an increase in the intertrabecular spaces, which are filled with fats. The anisotropic study and the subsequent assessment of colour and vector maps can provide a noninvasive tool for assessing the risk of fracture due to osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fanucci
- Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini e Radiologia Interventistica, Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, I-00133, Roma, Italy.
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Arienzo M, Adamo P, Cozzolino V. The potential of Lolium perenne for revegetation of contaminated soil from a metallurgical site. Sci Total Environ 2004; 319:13-25. [PMID: 14967498 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(03)00435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2003] [Revised: 07/07/2003] [Accepted: 07/09/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A greenhouse study was carried out to determine the possibility of using Lolium perenne for revegetation of soil from a former ferrous metallurgical plant (Naples, South Italy) contaminated by Cu, Pb and Zn at levels above current Italian regulatory limits. Surface soil samples (0-40 cm) from the facility area where raw minerals were disposed (RM1 and RM2), from a nearby unpolluted cultivated soil (C) as control and a 1:3 mixture of the control with the polluted ones (RM1+C and RM2+C) were utilized for the experiment. Revegetation trials were conducted in the greenhouse. At 90 days from seeding, shoot length, chlorophyll content, biomass yield, plant metal uptake and changes of organic carbon content and metal distribution among soil extractable phases defined by sequential extraction were determined. In the mixed substrates (RM1+C and RM2+C) concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn were still two to three times higher than the Italian regulatory limits. Plants were healthy with 100% survival in all substrates, with no macroscopic symptoms of metal toxicity. The high pH of the soil could be one of the most important parameters responsible for the limited plant availability of the metals. On RM1, RM2 and mixed media, plants experienced retarded growth, reduced shoot length and biomass yield and higher total chlorophyll content compared to those cropped on the control soil, without any evident phytotoxic symptoms. In RM1 and RM2, the plant contents of Cu (19.3 and 12.6 mg kg(-1)), Pb (0.98 and 0.67 mg kg(-1)) and Zn (99 and 88 mg kg(-1)) were higher than that of plants grown on non-contaminated soil (Cu 10.1, Pb < 0.2, Zn 79 mg kg(-1)), but still in the range of physiologically acceptable levels. The distribution of metals in soil was slightly affected by Lolium growth with changes only regarding the organic-bound Cu and Zn pool, with reduction up to 24%. Results indicated that an acceptable healthy vegetative cover can be achieved on the contaminated soil by the proposed revegetation approach and that metals will remain stable over the study period with slight variation of the more available metal forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arienzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e dell'Ambiente, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, Portici NA 80055, Italy.
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Cozzolino V. The bacteriology and histology of ozena. Laryngoscope 1899. [DOI: 10.1288/00005537-189912000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cozzolino V. The Bacteriology and Histology of Ozena. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1899. [DOI: 10.1177/000348949900800301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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