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Nair V, Nayak A, Ahuja N, Weng Y, Keet K, Hosamani P, Hom J. Comparing IM Residency Application Personal Statements Generated by GPT-4 and Authentic Applicants. J Gen Intern Med 2024:10.1007/s11606-024-08784-w. [PMID: 38689120 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-024-08784-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Nair
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Ashwin Nayak
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Neera Ahuja
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yingjie Weng
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Keet
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Poonam Hosamani
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jason Hom
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Ashktorab H, Oskrochi G, Challa SR, Chirumamilla LG, Saroya S, Dusmatova S, Shayegh N, Nair V, Senthilvelan K, Byer D, Morrison N, Grossi B, Barclay A, Smith T, Watson K, Rashid M, Rashid R, Deverapalli M, Latella G, Carethers JM, Youssef A, Brim H. Age, Gender, and Liver Enzyme Impact Hospital Stay in COVID-19 Minority Patient with Cancer in the USA: Does Race Matters in the Pandemic? Ann Clin Med Case Rep 2024; 13:7. [PMID: 38633403 PMCID: PMC11022387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Patients with cancer are known to have a poor prognosis when infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed in this study to assess health outcomes in COVID-19 patients with different cancers in comparison to non-cancer COVID-19 patients from different centers in the United States (US). We evaluated medical records of 1,943 COVID-19 Cancer patients from 3 hospitals admitted between December 2019 to October 2021 and compared them with non-cancer COVID-19 patients. Among 1,943 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 18.7% (n=364) have an active or previous history of cancer. Among these 364 cancer patients, 222 were African Americans (61.7%) and 121 were Caucasians (33.2%). Cancer patients had significantly longer hospitalization compared to controls (8.24 vs 6.7 days). Overall, Lung cancer is associated with high mortality. Patients with a previous history of cancer were more prone to death (p=0.04) than active cancer patients. In univariate and multivariate analyses, predictors of death among cancer patients were male sex, older age, presence of dyspnea, elevated troponin, elevated AST (0.001) and ALT (0.05), low albumin (p=0.04) and mechanical ventilation (p=0.001). Patients with a previous history of cancer were more prone to death when compared to active cancer COVID-19 patients. Early recognition of cancer COVID-19 patients' death-associated risk factors can help determine appropriate treatment and management plans for better prognosis and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - G Oskrochi
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - S R Challa
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - L G Chirumamilla
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - S Saroya
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - S Dusmatova
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - N Shayegh
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - V Nair
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - K Senthilvelan
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - D Byer
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - N Morrison
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - B Grossi
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - A Barclay
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - T Smith
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - K Watson
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - M Rashid
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - R Rashid
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - M Deverapalli
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Cancer Center, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - G Latella
- Gastroenterology Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - J M Carethers
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, USA
| | - A Youssef
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine; Department of Human Genetics and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - H Brim
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
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Reynolds CA, Nair V, Villaflores C, Dominguez K, Arbanas JC, Treasure M, Skootsky S, Tseng CH, Sarkisian C, Patel A, Ghassemi K, Fendrick AM, May FP, Mafi JN. Developing an electronic health record measure of low-value esophagogastroduodenoscopy for GERD at a large academic health system. BMJ Open Qual 2023; 12:e002363. [PMID: 38135304 DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2023-002363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Low-value esophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGDs) for uncomplicated gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can harm patients and raise patient and payer costs. We developed an electronic health record (EHR) 'eMeasure' to detect low-value EGDs. DESIGN Retrospective cohort of 518 adult patients diagnosed with GERD who underwent initial EGD between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2019. SETTING Outpatient primary care and gastroenterology clinics at a large, urban, academic health centre. PARTICIPANTS Adult primary care patients at the University of California Los Angeles who underwent initial EGD for GERD in 2019. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES EGD appropriateness criteria were based on the American College of Gastroenterology 2012 guidelines. An initial EGD was considered low-value if it lacked a documented guideline-based indication, including alarm symptoms (eg, iron-deficiency anaemia); failure of an 8-week proton pump inhibitor trial or elevated Barrett's oesophagus risk. We performed manual chart review on a random sample of 204 patients as a gold standard of the eMeasure's validity. We estimated EGD costs using Medicare physician and facility fee rates. RESULTS Among 518 initial EGDs performed (mean age 53 years; 54% female), the eMeasure identified 81 (16%) as low-value. The eMeasure's sensitivity was 42% (95% CI 22 to 61) and specificity was 93% (95% CI 89 to 96). Stratifying across clinics, 62 (74.6%) low-value EGDs originated from 2 (12.5%) out of 16 clinics. Total cost for 81 low-value EGDs was approximately US$75 573, including US$14 985 in patients' out-of-pocket costs. CONCLUSIONS We developed a highly specific eMeasure that showed that low-value EGDs occurred frequently in our healthcare system and were concentrated in a minority of clinics. These results can inform future QI efforts at our institution, such as best practice alerts for the ordering physician. Moreover, this open-source eMeasure has a much broader potential impact, as it can be integrated into any EHR and improve medical decision-making at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Reynolds
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Chad Villaflores
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Katherine Dominguez
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Julia Cave Arbanas
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Madeline Treasure
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Samuel Skootsky
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chi-Hong Tseng
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Catherine Sarkisian
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Veterans' Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center (GRECC), birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Arpan Patel
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kevin Ghassemi
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - A Mark Fendrick
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Folasade P May
- UCLA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, Calif, USA
| | - John N Mafi
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- RAND Health, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, USA
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Nair V, Dalrymple AN, Yu Z, Balakrishnan G, Bettinger CJ, Weber DJ, Yang K, Robinson JT. Miniature battery-free bioelectronics. Science 2023; 382:eabn4732. [PMID: 37943926 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn4732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Miniature wireless bioelectronic implants that can operate for extended periods of time can transform how we treat disorders by acting rapidly on precise nerves and organs in a way that drugs cannot. To reach this goal, materials and methods are needed to wirelessly transfer energy through the body or harvest energy from the body itself. We review some of the capabilities of emerging energy transfer methods to identify the performance envelope for existing technology and discover where opportunities lie to improve how much-and how efficiently-we can deliver energy to the tiny bioelectronic implants that can support emerging medical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Nair
- Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashley N Dalrymple
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Zhanghao Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gaurav Balakrishnan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christopher J Bettinger
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Douglas J Weber
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kaiyuan Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacob T Robinson
- Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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Oromiehie E, Nair V, Short K, Wei T, Bhattacharyya D, Prusty BG. Effect of He 2+ ion irradiation on the mechanical properties of automated fibre placement (AFP) CF-PEEK thermoplastics composites. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18787. [PMID: 37914794 PMCID: PMC10620137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45742-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon fibre-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF-PEEK) composites have gained significant usage across diverse industries like automotive and aerospace due to their desirable characteristics. These properties encompass recyclability, low density, high strength, wear resistance and thermal stability. The components made from CF-PEEK composites for space applications will be subjected to a high radiation environment due to the incoming cosmic rays, comprising protons, α particles, electrons, γ rays, etc., once they escape the Earth's atmosphere. The ion irradiation of CF-PEEK is accompanied by radiation-induced effects, which drastically change the structure and properties of irradiated material. Since the resistance of CF-PEEK to radiation damage has not been studied extensively, this study aims to understand the effect of high-energy He2+ ions on the microstructure and properties of CF-PEEK composites manufactured using automated fibre placement (AFP) under different processing conditions. The samples have been radiated with 5 MeV He2+ ions using an energy degrader wheel to create a layer with relatively uniform damage. Then, were characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopy and their hardness was evaluated using nanoindentation. It was observed that, irradiation increases the hardness of the fibres in all cases. Also, fibre orientation affects the hardness in a statistically significant manner in both unirradiated and irradiated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Oromiehie
- ARC Training Centre for Automated Manufacture of Advanced Composites, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Vishnu Nair
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ken Short
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - Tao Wei
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - Dhriti Bhattacharyya
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - B Gangadhara Prusty
- ARC Training Centre for Automated Manufacture of Advanced Composites, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Sovereign Manufacturing Automation for Composites CRC Ltd (SOMAC CRC), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Tesolin D, Nair V. Conventionally Fractionated vs. Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Treatment of Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer: Local Control and Survival Outcomes in a Retrospective Single-Institutional Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e344. [PMID: 37785199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Unresectable pancreatic cancer (UPC) is associated with dismal survival outcomes, with a reported median survival of 8-12 months. The role of radiotherapy (RT) and the choice of optimal fractionation remains unclear. Our objective was analyzing the outcomes associated with local radiotherapy as well as determine the best radiotherapeutic approach to treat these patients. MATERIALS/METHODS From a database of 209 radiation plans of patients treated for pancreatic cancer in a single institution between August 2007 to August 2021, patients with UPC were selected for this REB approved retrospective study. RESULTS From the 209 plans, 136 unique patients were identified who had RT for UPC. The mean age of the cohort was 67.6 years, 10% were >80 years and 37% were female. Median follow-up was 9.3 months. 54 patients had distant metastases at the time of RT and were analyzed separately. Outcomes where analyzed based on whether patients received Conventionally fractionated RT (CFRT) (defined as >15 fractions) (n = 23 (17%)), Hypofractionated RT (HypoRT) (defined as ≤15 fractions and EQD2<40Gy for α/β = 3) (n = 40 (29%)) and those treated with Stereotactic Body RT (SBRT) (defined as ≤5 fractions and EQD2≥40Gy for α/β = 3) (n = 19 (14%)). The mean overall survival (OS) and freedom from progression (FFP) in the SBRT cohort was 17.2 and 7.4 months respectively, in the CFRT cohort was 22.6 and 9.9 months respectively and in the HypoRT cohort was 11.4 and 4.9 months respectively. All CFRT patients received chemotherapy. Mean OS was drastically lower in SBRT and HypoRT patients who did not receive any chemotherapy (11.9 and 3.4 months respectively). Patients with metastatic disease at presentation and receiving HypoRT had mean OS of 13.4 months. The average EQD2 for the cohorts were 45.4 Gy, 49.2 Gy and 30.3 Gy for CFRT, SBRT and HypoRT respectively. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that CFRT with concurrent chemotherapy offers better therapeutic outcomes in patients with UPC compared to HypoRT. The role of dose escalated SBRT needs to be explored as an equal alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tesolin
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - V Nair
- The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Kappelman MD, Lewis JD, Zhang X, Lin FC, Weisbein L, Chen W, Burris J, Dorand JE, Parlett LE, Haynes K, Nair V, Kaul AF, Dobes A, Long MD. Comparing Patient-Reported Outcomes Among Anti-TNF-Experienced Patients with Crohn's Disease Initiating Vedolizumab Versus Ustekinumab. Dig Dis Sci 2023:10.1007/s10620-023-07942-0. [PMID: 37115362 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-07942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary and secondary non-response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy is common in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), yet limited research has compared the effectiveness of subsequent biological therapy. OBJECTIVE We sought to compare the effectiveness of vedolizumab and ustekinumab in anti-TNF-experienced patients with CD, focusing on patient-prioritized patient-reported outcomes (PROs). METHODS We conducted a prospective, internet-based cohort study nested within IBD Partners. We identified anti-TNF-experienced patients initiating with CD vedolizumab or ustekinumab and analyzed PROs reported approximately 6 months later (minimum 4 months, maximum 10 months). Co-primary outcomes were Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) domains of Fatigue and Pain Interference. Secondary outcomes included patient-reported short Crohn's disease activity index (sCDAI), treatment persistence, and corticosteroid use. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to control for a number of potential confounders and incorporated into linear and logistic regression models for continuous and categorical outcomes, respectively. RESULTS Overall, 141 vedolizumab and 219 ustekinumab initiators were included in our analysis. After adjustment, we found no differences between treatment groups in our primary outcomes of Pain Interference or Fatigue or the secondary outcome of sCDAI. However, vedolizumab was associated with lower treatment persistence (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.6) and higher corticosteroid use at follow-up assessment (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.6). DISCUSSION Among anti-TNF experienced patients with CD, Pain Interference or Fatigue was not significantly different 4-10 months after starting ustekinumab or vedolizumab. However, reduced steroid use and increased persistence suggest superiority of ustekinumab for non-PRO outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Kappelman
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Bioinformatics Building, 130 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7229, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7555, USA.
| | - J D Lewis
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - X Zhang
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Bioinformatics Building, 130 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7229, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7555, USA
| | - F C Lin
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Bioinformatics Building, 130 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7229, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7555, USA
| | - L Weisbein
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Bioinformatics Building, 130 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7229, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7555, USA
| | - W Chen
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Bioinformatics Building, 130 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7229, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7555, USA
| | - J Burris
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J E Dorand
- Crohn's & Colitis Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - V Nair
- Medical Outcomes Management and the Practice Research Network (PRACNET), Sharon, MA, USA
| | - A F Kaul
- Medical Outcomes Management and the Practice Research Network (PRACNET), Sharon, MA, USA
| | - A Dobes
- Crohn's & Colitis Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - M D Long
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Bioinformatics Building, 130 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7229, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7555, USA
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Natri HM, Abubakare O, Asasumasu K, Basargekar A, Beaud F, Botha M, Bottema-Beutel K, Brea MR, Brown LXZ, Burr DA, Cobbaert L, Dabbs C, Denome D, Rosa SDR, Doherty M, Edwards B, Edwards C, Liszk SE, Elise F, Fletcher-Watson S, Flower RL, Fuller S, Gassner D, Onaiwu MG, Good J, Grant A, Haddix VL, Heraty S, Hundt A, Kapp SK, Keates N, Kulshan T, Lampi AJ, Latimer O, Leadbitter K, Tidd JL, Manalili M, Martin M, Millichamp A, Morton H, Nair V, Pavlopoulou G, Pearson A, Pellicano L, Porter H, Poulsen R, Robertson ZS, Rodriguez K, Roux A, Russell M, Ryan J, Sasson N, Grier HS, Somerville M, Sorensen C, Stockwell KM, Szymanski T, Thompson-Hodgetts S, van Driel M, VanUitert V, Waldock K, Walker N, Watts C, Williams Z, Woods R, Yu B, Zadow M, Zimmerman J, Zisk AH. Anti-ableist language is fully compatible with high-quality autism research: Response to Singer et al. (2023). Autism Res 2023; 16:673-676. [PMID: 37087601 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heini M Natri
- The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | | | - Flavien Beaud
- University of Idaho Moscow, Moscow, Idaho, USA
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chris Edwards
- Aspect Research Centre for Autism Practice, Frenchs Forest, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Síle Ekaterin Liszk
- OK Chapter of the National Federation of the Blind, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Dena Gassner
- Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, USA
- Towson University, Towson, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Judith Good
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Vicki L Haddix
- University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marie Manalili
- University College London, London, UK
- University of London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Hannah Morton
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rebecca Poulsen
- Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Kayla Rodriguez
- Autistic Women and Nonbinary Network, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Anne Roux
- Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary Russell
- Cabarrus Family Medicine, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jackie Ryan
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Noah Sasson
- The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Cole Sorensen
- Minnesota Disability Support Alternatives, Plymouth, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nick Walker
- California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Zachary Williams
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Betty Yu
- San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Meghan Zadow
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jordyn Zimmerman
- CommunicationFIRST, Washington DC, USA
- The Nora Project, Highland Park, Illinois, USA
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Chih S, Tavoosi A, Nair V, Chong A, Džavík V, Aleksova N, So D, Amara I, Wells G, Bernick J, Overgaard C, Mielniczuk L, Stadnick E, Ross H, Beanlands R. Cardiac Pet Flow Quantification Assessment of Early Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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ALAKWAA F, McCown P, Naik A, Schaub J, Menon R, Otto E, Nair V, Eddy S, Pyle L, Hartman J, Hodgin J, Nelson R, Brosius Division F, Kretzler M, Bjornstad P. WCN23-0471 THE ENHANCEMENT OF METALLOTHIONEIN BIND METAL PATHWAY WITH SGLT2 INHIBITORS IN KIDNEY PROXIMAL TUBULES OF ADOLESCENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES USING SINGLE CELL RNA-SEQ DATA. Kidney Int Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
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Pitcher T, Kammer M, Nair V. PP01.35 Validation of a High-Specificity Blood-Based Autoantibody Test to Detect Lung Cancer in Pulmonary Nodules. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Saller TG, Nair V, Till A, Gibson N. Using a Random Forest Model to Choose Optimized Group Structures. NUCL SCI ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00295639.2022.2133940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Saller
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Andrew Till
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Nathan Gibson
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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13
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Hassan S, Schreib CC, Zhao X, Duret G, Roman DS, Nair V, Cohen-Karni T, Veiseh O, Robinson JT. Real-Time In Vivo Sensing of Nitric Oxide Using Photonic Microring Resonators. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2253-2261. [PMID: 35938877 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Real-time in vivo detection of biomarkers, particularly nitric oxide (NO), is of utmost importance for critical healthcare monitoring, therapeutic dosing, and fundamental understanding of NO's role in regulating many physiological processes. However, detection of NO in a biological medium is challenging due to its short lifetime and low concentration. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that photonic microring resonators (MRRs) can provide real-time, direct, and in vivo detection of NO in a mouse wound model. The MRR encodes the NO concentration information into its transfer function in the form of a resonance wavelength shift. We show that these functionalized MRRs, fabricated using complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible processes, can achieve sensitive detection of NO (sub-μM) with excellent specificity and no apparent performance degradation for more than 24 h of operation in biological medium. With alternative functionalizations, this compact lab-on-chip optical sensing platform could support real-time in vivo detection of myriad of biochemical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakib Hassan
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christian C Schreib
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Guillaume Duret
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Daniel S Roman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Tzahi Cohen-Karni
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Omid Veiseh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jacob T Robinson
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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14
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Soroudi C, Mafi J, Myint A, Gardner J, Kahlon S, Mongare M, Yang L, Tseng CH, Reynolds C, Nair V, Villaflores C, Cates R, Gupta R, Sarkisian C, May FP. Leveraging Electronic Health Records to Measure Low-Value Screening Colonoscopy. Am J Med 2022; 135:715-720.e2. [PMID: 35219690 PMCID: PMC10176807 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Soroudi
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - John Mafi
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Division of Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Anthony Myint
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Juliana Gardner
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Sartajdeep Kahlon
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Margaret Mongare
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Liu Yang
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Chi-Hong Tseng
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Courtney Reynolds
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Chad Villaflores
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Reinalyn Cates
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Reshma Gupta
- University of California Health, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento
| | - Catherine Sarkisian
- Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Geriatrics Research Education & Clinical Center (GRECC), Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Folasade P May
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif; UCLA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, Calif.
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15
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Sampathkumar G, Valiyaparambil PP, Kumar H, Bhavani N, Nair V, Menon U, Menon A, Abraham N, Chapla A, Thomas N. Low genetic confirmation rate in South Indian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) who underwent targeted next-generation sequencing for 13 genes. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:607-615. [PMID: 34741762 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To screen for maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) variants in subjects with an early age of onset and positive family history of diabetes mellitus. METHODS 60 subjects with onset of diabetes between 3 and 30 years of age and parental history (onset < 35 years) of diabetes were recruited after excluding autoimmune, pancreatic and syndromic forms of diabetes. Detailed pedigree chart and clinical data were recorded. MODY genetic testing (MODY 1-13) was performed and variant classification was done adhering to the ACMG guidelines. RESULTS Baseline characteristics of subjects were as follows: mean age of onset of diabetes 19.9 ± 7 years, mean duration of diabetes 6.3 ± 6.8 years, BMI 23.3 ± 3 kg/m2 and C-peptide 1.56 ± 1.06 nmol/l. Four out of sixty (6.6%) were positive for variants classifiable as pathogenic/likely pathogenic: one patient with HNF4Ac.691C > T, (p.Arg231Trp), two with HNF 1A c.746C > A(p.Ser249Ter) and c.1340C > T(p.Pro447Leu), and one with ABCC8 c.4544C > T (p.Thr1515Met). MODY 1 and MODY 3 variants were documented in the paediatric age group (< 18 years). CONCLUSION A genetic diagnosis of MODY could be confirmed in only 6.6% (4/60) of patients clinically classifiable as MODY. This is less than that reported in clinically diagnosed MODY subjects of European descent. Newly published population data and more stringent criteria for assessment of pathogenicity and younger age of onset of type 2 diabetes in Indians could have contributed to the lower genetic confirmation rate. Apart from variants in the classical genes (HNF1A, HNF4A), a likely pathogenic variant in a non-classical gene (ABCC8) was noted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sampathkumar
- Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Ponnekara P.O, Cochin, 682041, Kerala, India
| | - P P Valiyaparambil
- Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Ponnekara P.O, Cochin, 682041, Kerala, India.
| | - H Kumar
- Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Ponnekara P.O, Cochin, 682041, Kerala, India
| | - N Bhavani
- Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Ponnekara P.O, Cochin, 682041, Kerala, India
| | - V Nair
- Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Ponnekara P.O, Cochin, 682041, Kerala, India
| | - U Menon
- Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Ponnekara P.O, Cochin, 682041, Kerala, India
| | - A Menon
- Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Ponnekara P.O, Cochin, 682041, Kerala, India
| | - N Abraham
- Department of Endocrinology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Ponnekara P.O, Cochin, 682041, Kerala, India
| | - A Chapla
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Thomas
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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MATUROSTRAKUL B, Bhaskaran M, Jang H, Nair V, Nair G, Abate M, Teperman L, Grodstein E. POS-781 THROMBOTIC MICROANGIOPATHY IN RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT WITH NPHS 2 GENE MUTATION. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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17
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Xia B, Sebesta C, Lee S, Nair V, Zhao X, Coffler S, Robinson JT, Szablowski JO. Biohybrid approaches to interface with the nervous system: the best of both worlds. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 72:86-94. [PMID: 34735989 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic materials and devices that interact with light, ultrasound, or magnetic fields can be used to modulate neural activity with high spatial and temporal precision; however, these approaches often lack the ability to target genetically defined cell types and signaling pathways. Genetically encoded proteins can be expressed to modify the host tissue and provide cellular and molecular specificity, but compared to synthetic materials, these proteins often interact weakly with externally applied energy sources. Synthetic materials can respond to optical, acoustic, and magnetic stimuli to focus, convert, and amplify forms of energy to ones that are more accessible to engineered cells and proteins. By combining the devices, synthetic materials, and genetically encoded proteins or cells, researchers can gain the ability to interface with the nervous system with improved spatiotemporal, cell-type and molecular precision. Here we review recent advances in these 'biohybrid' approaches that use optical, acoustic, and magnetic energy sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boao Xia
- Department of Bioengineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Charles Sebesta
- Department of Bioengineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sangsin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77251, USA; Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77251, USA; Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University 77251, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samantha Coffler
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77251, USA; Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Systems, Synthetic, and Physical Biology PhD Program, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77251, USA
| | - Jacob T Robinson
- Department of Bioengineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77251, USA; Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Jerzy O Szablowski
- Department of Bioengineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University 77251, Houston, TX, USA; Systems, Synthetic, and Physical Biology PhD Program, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77251, USA.
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18
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Nair VD, Vasoya M, Nair V, Smith GR, Pincas H, Ge Y, Douglas CM, Esser KA, Sealfon SC. Differential analysis of chromatin accessibility and gene expression profiles identifies cis-regulatory elements in rat adipose and muscle. Genomics 2021; 113:3827-3841. [PMID: 34547403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin accessibility is a key factor influencing gene expression. We optimized the Omni-ATAC-seq protocol and used it together with RNA-seq to investigate cis-regulatory elements in rat white adipose and skeletal muscle, two tissues with contrasting metabolic functions. While promoter accessibility correlated with RNA expression, integration of the two datasets identified tissue-specific differentially accessible regions (DARs) that predominantly localized in intergenic and intron regions. DARs were mapped to differentially expressed (DE) genes enriched in distinct biological processes in each tissue. Randomly selected DE genes were validated by qPCR. Top enriched motifs in DARs predicted binding sites for transcription factors (TFs) showing tissue-specific up-regulation. The correlation between differential chromatin accessibility at a given TF binding motif and differential expression of target genes further supported the functional relevance of that motif. Our study identified cis-regulatory regions that likely play a major role in the regulation of tissue-specific gene expression in adipose and muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopalan D Nair
- Department of Neurology, Center for Advanced Research on Diagnostic Assays, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Mital Vasoya
- Department of Neurology, Center for Advanced Research on Diagnostic Assays, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Department of Computer Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Gregory R Smith
- Department of Neurology, Center for Advanced Research on Diagnostic Assays, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hanna Pincas
- Department of Neurology, Center for Advanced Research on Diagnostic Assays, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yongchao Ge
- Department of Neurology, Center for Advanced Research on Diagnostic Assays, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Collin M Douglas
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Stuart C Sealfon
- Department of Neurology, Center for Advanced Research on Diagnostic Assays, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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19
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Molouki A, Ghalyanchilangeroudi A, Abdoshah M, Shoushtari A, Abtin A, Eshtartabadi F, Mahmoudzadeh Akhijahani M, Ziafatikafi Z, Babaeimarzango SS, Allahyari E, Ahmadzadeh L, Fallah Mehrabadi MH, Lim SHE, Rouhani K, Hosseini H, Nair V. Report of a new meq gene size: The first study on genetic characterisation of Marek's disease viruses circulating in Iranian commercial layer and backyard chicken. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:142-149. [PMID: 34423692 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1963677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. In recent months, several outbreaks with clinical signs of MDV-1 were reported in Iranian parent and laying hen farms, in addition to backyard chickens. Several meq gene sequences from these outbreaks were amplified and molecularly characterised.2. The meq protein sequences revealed three different sizes, namely the standard 339 aa, a shorter form of 338 aa lacking a proline residue at position 191, and a very short (vs) size of 265 aa. Based on sequence and size, the 265 aa meq has never been reported from international research groups before. The protein has only one PPPP repeat motif suggesting it belongs to a highly virulent strain.3. The standard meq sequences showed 100% BLAST identity to the vv+ isolate Polen5. However, the 338 aa form clustered to the clade usually reported from North America.4. This is the first report on genetic analysis of MDV-1 from Iran, but further study is required to obtain a better picture of the diversity and prevalence of different MDV-1 strains circulating in the country's farms, backyard poultry and other bird species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Molouki
- Department of Avian Diseases Research and Diagnostics, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research, Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - A Ghalyanchilangeroudi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Abdoshah
- Department of Avian Diseases Research and Diagnostics, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research, Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - A Shoushtari
- Department of Avian Diseases Research and Diagnostics, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research, Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - A Abtin
- Department of Avian Diseases Research and Diagnostics, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research, Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - F Eshtartabadi
- Department of Avian Diseases Research and Diagnostics, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research, Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - M Mahmoudzadeh Akhijahani
- Department of Avian Diseases Research and Diagnostics, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research, Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Z Ziafatikafi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - E Allahyari
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - L Ahmadzadeh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - M H Fallah Mehrabadi
- Department of Avian Diseases Research and Diagnostics, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research, Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - S H E Lim
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - K Rouhani
- Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - V Nair
- Viral Oncogenesis Group & OIE Marek's Disease Virus Reference Laboratory, Pirbright Institute, Surrey, UK
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20
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Volpini M, Jooya A, La Russa D, Sutherland J, Samant R, Nair V. PO-1730 Feasibility of Virtual Reality-based target volume delineation for craniospinal irradiation. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Drayman N, DeMarco JK, Jones KA, Azizi SA, Froggatt HM, Tan K, Maltseva NI, Chen S, Nicolaescu V, Dvorkin S, Furlong K, Kathayat RS, Firpo MR, Mastrodomenico V, Bruce EA, Schmidt MM, Jedrzejczak R, Muñoz-Alía MÁ, Schuster B, Nair V, Han KY, O’Brien A, Tomatsidou A, Meyer B, Vignuzzi M, Missiakas D, Botten JW, Brooke CB, Lee H, Baker SC, Mounce BC, Heaton NS, Severson WE, Palmer KE, Dickinson BC, Joachimiak A, Randall G, Tay S. Masitinib is a broad coronavirus 3CL inhibitor that blocks replication of SARS-CoV-2. Science 2021; 373:931-936. [PMID: 34285133 PMCID: PMC8809056 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg5827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for antiviral agents that treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We screened a library of 1900 clinically safe drugs against OC43, a human beta coronavirus that causes the common cold, and evaluated the top hits against SARS-CoV-2. Twenty drugs significantly inhibited replication of both viruses in cultured human cells. Eight of these drugs inhibited the activity of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, 3CLpro, with the most potent being masitinib, an orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor. X-ray crystallography and biochemistry show that masitinib acts as a competitive inhibitor of 3CLpro. Mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 and then treated with masitinib showed >200-fold reduction in viral titers in the lungs and nose, as well as reduced lung inflammation. Masitinib was also effective in vitro against all tested variants of concern (B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Drayman
- Pritzker School for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Corresponding author. (S.T.); (N.D.)
| | - Jennifer K. DeMarco
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Krysten A. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Saara-Anne Azizi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Heather M. Froggatt
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Kemin Tan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Structural Biology Center, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Immunobiology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Natalia Ivanovna Maltseva
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Structural Biology Center, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Siquan Chen
- Cellular Screening Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vlad Nicolaescu
- Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steve Dvorkin
- Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kevin Furlong
- Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rahul S. Kathayat
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mason R. Firpo
- Pritzker School for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Vincent Mastrodomenico
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Emily A. Bruce
- Cellular Screening Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Immunobiology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Madaline M. Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunobiology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Robert Jedrzejczak
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Structural Biology Center, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | | | - Brooke Schuster
- Pritzker School for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Pritzker School for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyu-yeon Han
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amornrat O’Brien
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Biophysics Core at Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anastasia Tomatsidou
- Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Immunobiology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bjoern Meyer
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Structural Biology Center, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.,Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Missiakas
- Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason W. Botten
- Cellular Screening Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Immunobiology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Christopher B. Brooke
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hyun Lee
- Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Biophysics Core at Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Susan C. Baker
- Pritzker School for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.,Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Bryan C. Mounce
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.,Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, Paris, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas S. Heaton
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - William E. Severson
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth E. Palmer
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Bryan C. Dickinson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrzej Joachimiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Structural Biology Center, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Glenn Randall
- Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Savaş Tay
- Pritzker School for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Ricketts Laboratory, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Corresponding author. (S.T.); (N.D.)
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22
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Gorsi U, Agarwal V, Nair V, Kang M, Kalra N, Sreedhara BC, Gupta R, Rana SS, Dutta U, Sandhu MS. Corrigendum to: "Re: endovascular and percutaneous trans abdominal embolisation of pseudoaneurysms in pancreatitis: an experience from a tertiary care referral centre" [76 (4) e17-e23]. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:629.e19. [PMID: 34045069 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Gorsi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
| | - V Agarwal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - V Nair
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - M Kang
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Kalra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - B C Sreedhara
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Gupta
- Department of Surgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - S S Rana
- Department of Gastroenterology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - U Dutta
- Department of Gastroenterology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - M S Sandhu
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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23
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Smyth LJ, Kilner J, Nair V, Liu H, Brennan E, Kerr K, Sandholm N, Cole J, Dahlström E, Syreeni A, Salem RM, Nelson RG, Looker HC, Wooster C, Anderson K, McKay GJ, Kee F, Young I, Andrews D, Forsblom C, Hirschhorn JN, Godson C, Groop PH, Maxwell AP, Susztak K, Kretzler M, Florez JC, McKnight AJ. Assessment of differentially methylated loci in individuals with end-stage kidney disease attributed to diabetic kidney disease: an exploratory study. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:99. [PMID: 33933144 PMCID: PMC8088646 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A subset of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are predisposed to developing diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the most common cause globally of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Emerging evidence suggests epigenetic changes in DNA methylation may have a causal role in both T1DM and DKD. The aim of this exploratory investigation was to assess differences in blood-derived DNA methylation patterns between individuals with T1DM-ESKD and individuals with long-duration T1DM but no evidence of kidney disease upon repeated testing to identify potential blood-based biomarkers. Blood-derived DNA from individuals (107 cases, 253 controls and 14 experimental controls) were bisulphite treated before DNA methylation patterns from both groups were generated and analysed using Illumina's Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip arrays (n = 862,927 sites). Differentially methylated CpG sites (dmCpGs) were identified (false discovery rate adjusted p ≤ × 10-8 and fold change ± 2) by comparing methylation levels between ESKD cases and T1DM controls at single site resolution. Gene annotation and functionality was investigated to enrich and rank methylated regions associated with ESKD in T1DM. RESULTS Top-ranked genes within which several dmCpGs were located and supported by functional data with methylation look-ups in other cohorts include: AFF3, ARID5B, CUX1, ELMO1, FKBP5, HDAC4, ITGAL, LY9, PIM1, RUNX3, SEPTIN9 and UPF3A. Top-ranked enrichment pathways included pathways in cancer, TGF-β signalling and Th17 cell differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic alterations provide a dynamic link between an individual's genetic background and their environmental exposures. This robust evaluation of DNA methylation in carefully phenotyped individuals has identified biomarkers associated with ESKD, revealing several genes and implicated key pathways associated with ESKD in individuals with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Smyth
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - J Kilner
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - V Nair
- Internal Medicine, Department of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - H Liu
- Department of Department of Medicine/ Nephrology, Department of Genetics, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E Brennan
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - K Kerr
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - N Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Cole
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Dahlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Syreeni
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R M Salem
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - R G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - H C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - C Wooster
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - K Anderson
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - G J McKay
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - F Kee
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - I Young
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - D Andrews
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - C Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J N Hirschhorn
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Godson
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - P H Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A P Maxwell
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - K Susztak
- Department of Department of Medicine/ Nephrology, Department of Genetics, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Kretzler
- Internal Medicine, Department of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J C Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A J McKnight
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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24
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Gorsi U, Agarwal V, Nair V, Kang M, Kalra N, Sreedhara BC, Gupta R, Rana SS, Dutta U, Sandhu MS. Endovascular and percutaneous transabdominal embolisation of pseudoaneurysms in pancreatitis: an experience from a tertiary-care referral centre. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:314.e17-314.e23. [PMID: 33526255 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the technical challenges, clinical success, and associated complications of endovascular and percutaneous embolisation of pancreatitis-related pseudoaneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of patients referred for embolisation of pancreatitis-related pseudoaneurysms between January 2014 and March 2019 was conducted. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed to assess the morphology of the aneurysms prior to any intervention. Percutaneous or endovascular embolisation was performed. Details of CTA and methods of embolisation were recorded. Technical success, clinical success, and complications were reported. RESULTS A total of 80 patients (mean age, 40.69 ± 13.41 years, 73 male) underwent embolisation during the study period. Pseudoaneurysms were related to chronic pancreatitis (CP) in 44 (55%) patients and acute pancreatitis (AP) in 36 (45%) patients. Pseudoaneurysms were detected in 65 (81.2%) patients on CTA. The most common site of pseudoaneurysms was gastroduodenal artery (GDA) followed by splenic artery. Seven patients were treated with percutaneous thrombin injection and five were treated with percutaneous glue injection under ultrasound/fluoroscopy guidance. The remaining patients (n=68) underwent catheter angiography with endovascular embolisation. Technical success was achieved in 4/7 (57%) percutaneous thrombin cases and in all the cases (5/5, 100%) with percutaneous glue or endovascular (68/68,100%) embolisation. CONCLUSION Endovascular or percutaneous embolisation of pseudoaneurysms has high technical success with an excellent safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Gorsi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
| | - V Agarwal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - V Nair
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - M Kang
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Kalra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - B C Sreedhara
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Gupta
- Department of Surgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - S S Rana
- Department of Gastroenterology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - U Dutta
- Department of Gastroenterology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - M S Sandhu
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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25
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Nair V, Olmschenk G, Seiple WH, Zhu Z. ASSIST: Evaluating the usability and performance of an indoor navigation assistant for blind and visually impaired people. Assist Technol 2020; 34:289-299. [PMID: 32790580 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2020.1809553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the interface and testing of an indoor navigation app - ASSIST - that guides blind & visually impaired (BVI) individuals through an indoor environment with high accuracy while augmenting their understanding of the surrounding environment. ASSIST features personalized interfaces by considering the unique experiences that BVI individuals have in indoor wayfinding and offers multiple levels of multimodal feedback. After an overview of the technical approach and implementation of the first prototype of the ASSIST system, the results of two pilot studies performed with BVI individuals are presented - a performance study to collect data on mobility (walking speed, collisions, and navigation errors) while using the app, and a usability study to collect user evaluation data on the perceived helpfulness, safety, ease-of-use, and overall experience while using the app. Our studies show that ASSIST is useful in providing users with navigational guidance, improving their efficiency and (more significantly) their safety and accuracy in wayfinding indoors. Findings and user feedback from the studies confirm some of the previous results, while also providing some new insights into the creation of such an app, including the use of customized user interfaces and expanding the types of information provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Nair
- Department of Computer Science, The City College of New York, New York, USA
| | - Greg Olmschenk
- Department of Computer Science, The City College of New York, New York, USA.,Department of Computer Science, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, USA
| | - William H Seiple
- Seiple is Chief Research Officer at Lighthouse Guild, Lighthouse Guild, New York, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- Department of Computer Science, The City College of New York, New York, USA.,Department of Computer Science, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, USA
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26
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Drayman N, Jones KA, Azizi SA, Froggatt HM, Tan K, Maltseva NI, Chen S, Nicolaescu V, Dvorkin S, Furlong K, Kathayat RS, Firpo MR, Mastrodomenico V, Bruce EA, Schmidt MM, Jedrzejczak R, Muñoz-Alía MÁ, Schuster B, Nair V, Botten JW, Brooke CB, Baker SC, Mounce BC, Heaton NS, Dickinson BC, Jaochimiak A, Randall G, Tay S. Drug repurposing screen identifies masitinib as a 3CLpro inhibitor that blocks replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. bioRxiv 2020. [PMID: 32908976 DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.274639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for anti-viral agents that treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. The shortest path to clinical use is repurposing of drugs that have an established safety profile in humans. Here, we first screened a library of 1,900 clinically safe drugs for inhibiting replication of OC43, a human beta-coronavirus that causes the common-cold and is a relative of SARS-CoV-2, and identified 108 effective drugs. We further evaluated the top 26 hits and determined their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2, as well as other pathogenic RNA viruses. 20 of the 26 drugs significantly inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in human lung cells (A549 epithelial cell line), with EC50 values ranging from 0.1 to 8 micromolar. We investigated the mechanism of action for these and found that masitinib, a drug originally developed as a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor for cancer treatment, strongly inhibited the activity of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease 3CLpro. X-ray crystallography revealed that masitinib directly binds to the active site of 3CLpro, thereby blocking its enzymatic activity. Mastinib also inhibited the related viral protease of picornaviruses and blocked picornaviruses replication. Thus, our results show that masitinib has broad anti-viral activity against two distinct beta-coronaviruses and multiple picornaviruses that cause human disease and is a strong candidate for clinical trials to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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27
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Nair V, Yi J, Isheim D, Rotenberg M, Meng L, Shi F, Chen X, Gao X, Prominski A, Jiang Y, Yue J, Gallagher CT, Seidman DN, Tian B. Laser writing of nitrogen-doped silicon carbide for biological modulation. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/34/eaaz2743. [PMID: 32937377 PMCID: PMC7442483 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz2743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Conducting or semiconducting materials embedded in insulating polymeric substrates can be useful in biointerface applications; however, attainment of this composite configuration by direct chemical processes is challenging. Laser-assisted synthesis has evolved as a fast and inexpensive technique to prepare various materials, but its utility in the construction of biophysical tools or biomedical devices is less explored. Here, we use laser writing to convert portions of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into nitrogen-doped cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC). The dense 3C-SiC surface layer is connected to the PDMS matrix via a spongy graphite layer, facilitating electrochemical and photoelectrochemical activity. We demonstrate the fabrication of arbitrary two-dimensional (2D) SiC-based patterns in PDMS and freestanding 3D constructs. To establish the functionality of the laser-produced composite, we apply it as flexible electrodes for pacing isolated hearts and as photoelectrodes for local peroxide delivery to smooth muscle sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Nair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jaeseok Yi
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dieter Isheim
- Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Menahem Rotenberg
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Fengyuan Shi
- Electron Microscopy Core, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Xinqi Chen
- Keck Interdisciplinary Surface Science Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Xiang Gao
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Aleksander Prominski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yuanwen Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiping Yue
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - David N Seidman
- Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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28
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Yilmaz A, Turan N, Bayraktar E, Tali HE, Aydin O, Umar S, Cakan B, Sadeyen JR, Baigent S, Iqbal M, Nair V, Yilmaz H. Molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analysis of Marek's disease virus in Turkish layer chickens. Br Poult Sci 2020; 61:523-530. [PMID: 32316760 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1758301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
1. There is no current data about the genotypes of Marek's disease virus (MDV) in Turkish poultry flocks; hence, this study was performed to analyse CVI988/Rispens, turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccine viruses and MDV field viruses as well as to perform phylogenetic analysis of MDV in Turkish layer chickens. 2. In 2017 and 2018, a total of 602 spleen samples from 49 layer flocks were collected from the Marmara, West Black Sea and Aegean regions. DNA was extracted from the spleen samples and the samples were analysed by real-time PCR probe assay to detect CVI988/Rispens and HVT vaccine viruses and MDV field strains. Samples found positive for MDV by real-time PCR were subjected to PCR using the Meq gene primers for phylogenetic analysis. 3. Amongst 49 flocks, virulent MDV was detected in nine flocks. CVI988/Rispens and HVT vaccine strains were detected in 47 flocks and HVT in all 49 flocks. Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and tumours in the oviduct were observed in chickens of affected flocks. Virulent MDV was detected in 120 out of 602 spleen samples. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses showed that MDVs detected in this study were closely related to MDV strains from Italy, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, India and China but showed diversity with MDV strains from Egypt and Hungary. Multiple sequence analysis of the Meq protein revealed several point mutations in deduced amino acid sequences. Interestingly, CVI988/Rispens vaccine virus from China (AF493555) showed mutations at position 66 (G66R) and 71 (S66A) along with two other vaccine strains from China (GU354326.1) and Russia (EU032468.1), in comparison with the other vaccine strain CVI988/Rispens (DQ534538). The molecular analyses of the Meq gene suggested that Turkish field strains of MDV are in the class of virulent or very virulent pathotypes. 4. The results have shown that MDV still affects poultry health, and the phylogenetic and amino acid variation data obtained will help in vaccination and control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yilmaz
- Department of Virology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Veterinary Faculty , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Turan
- Department of Virology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Veterinary Faculty , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E Bayraktar
- Poultry Division, CEVA Animal Health , Maslak, Turkey
| | - H E Tali
- Department of Virology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Veterinary Faculty , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - O Aydin
- Department of Virology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Veterinary Faculty , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Umar
- Department of Virology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Veterinary Faculty , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B Cakan
- Poultry Division, CEVA Animal Health , Maslak, Turkey
| | - J-R Sadeyen
- Avian Influenza Group, The Pirbright Institute , Woking, UK
| | - S Baigent
- Avian Influenza Group, The Pirbright Institute , Woking, UK
| | - M Iqbal
- Avian Influenza Group, The Pirbright Institute , Woking, UK
| | - V Nair
- Avian Influenza Group, The Pirbright Institute , Woking, UK
| | - H Yilmaz
- Department of Virology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Veterinary Faculty , Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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Rotenberg MY, Elbaz B, Nair V, Schaumann EN, Yamamoto N, Sarma N, Matino L, Santoro F, Tian B. Silicon Nanowires for Intracellular Optical Interrogation with Subcellular Resolution. Nano Lett 2020; 20:1226-1232. [PMID: 31904975 PMCID: PMC7513588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Current techniques for intracellular electrical interrogation are limited by substrate-bound devices, technically demanding methods, or insufficient spatial resolution. In this work, we use freestanding silicon nanowires to achieve photoelectric stimulation in myofibroblasts with subcellular resolution. We demonstrate that myofibroblasts spontaneously internalize silicon nanowires and subsequently remain viable and capable of mitosis. We then show that stimulation of silicon nanowires at separate intracellular locations results in local calcium fluxes in subcellular regions. Moreover, nanowire-myofibroblast hybrids electrically couple with cardiomyocytes in coculture, and photostimulation of the nanowires increases the spontaneous activation rate in coupled cardiomyocytes. Finally, we demonstrate that this methodology can be extended to the interrogation of signaling in neuron-glia interactions using nanowire-containing oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Matino
- Tissue Electronics, Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 80125 Naples , Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production Engineering , University of Naples Federico II , 80125 Naples , Italy
| | - Francesca Santoro
- Tissue Electronics, Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 80125 Naples , Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production Engineering , University of Naples Federico II , 80125 Naples , Italy
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Gao X, Jiang Y, Lin Y, Kim KH, Fang Y, Yi J, Meng L, Lee HC, Lu Z, Leddy O, Zhang R, Tu Q, Feng W, Nair V, Griffin PJ, Shi F, Shekhawat GS, Dinner AR, Park HG, Tian B. Structured silicon for revealing transient and integrated signal transductions in microbial systems. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaay2760. [PMID: 32110728 PMCID: PMC7021504 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial response to transient physical stress is critical to their homeostasis and survival in the dynamic natural environment. Because of the lack of biophysical tools capable of delivering precise and localized physical perturbations to a bacterial community, the underlying mechanism of microbial signal transduction has remained unexplored. Here, we developed multiscale and structured silicon (Si) materials as nongenetic optical transducers capable of modulating the activities of both single bacterial cells and biofilms at high spatiotemporal resolution. Upon optical stimulation, we capture a previously unidentified form of rapid, photothermal gradient-dependent, intercellular calcium signaling within the biofilm. We also found an unexpected coupling between calcium dynamics and biofilm mechanics, which could be of importance for biofilm resistance. Our results suggest that functional integration of Si materials and bacteria, and associated control of signal transduction, may lead to hybrid living matter toward future synthetic biology and adaptable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Corresponding author. (B.T.); (H.-G.P.); (X.G.)
| | - Yuanwen Jiang
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yiliang Lin
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kyoung-Ho Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yin Fang
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jaeseok Yi
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hoo-Cheol Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiyue Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Owen Leddy
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Qing Tu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Wei Feng
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Philip J. Griffin
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Fengyuan Shi
- Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Gajendra S. Shekhawat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Aaron R. Dinner
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hong-Gyu Park
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (B.T.); (H.-G.P.); (X.G.)
| | - Bozhi Tian
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Corresponding author. (B.T.); (H.-G.P.); (X.G.)
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López-Osorio S, Villar D, Piedrahita D, Ramírez-Nieto G, Nair V, Baigent S, Chaparro-Gutiérrez J. Molecular detection of Marek's disease virus in feather and blood samples from young laying hens in Colombia. Acta Virol 2019; 63:380-391. [PMID: 31802681 DOI: 10.4149/av_2019_402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV) is an immunosuppressive pathogen that can cause low production efficiency and high mortality rates in chickens. There is no current information on the MDV serotypes and pathotypes circulating in vaccinated commercial farms in Colombia where the birds are vaccinated in the incubator with Gallid herpesvirus (GaHV-2) and Meleagrid herpesvirus 1 (MeHV-1). Based on that, the main focus of this study was to understand the MDV's infection dynamics for the three known serotypes and to detect wild-virus pathogenic strains in 4-layer poultry farms in Antioquia. Samples of blood, feathers and spleens were collected from three randomly chosen animals according to age category: 1, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) that differentiates between the three serotypes of MDV was used to assess viral loads over time, and phylogenetic analysis of the Meq oncogene was done to compare the strains of MDV with those of known pathogenicity. Meleagrid herpesvirus 1 (MeHV-1) was detected in all blood and feather follicle samples with an average number of genome copies (per 10,000 cells) of 31.44 in blood as expected as a result of vaccination. GaHV-2 was also detected in almost 100% of the blood and feather follicle samples throughout all defined age categories, with an average of 10.65 genome copies in blood samples. Gallid herpesvirus 3 (GaHV-3) was detected in 72% of blood and 84.61% of feather samples, with less than 1 copy per 10,000 cells. Based on the number of 132 bp repeats of the BamHI-H and BamHI-D regions in pooled feather samples, there were 70% (8/25) of attenuated MDV and 30% (17/25) of virulent MDV strains circulating in the farms. Virus isolation was performed successfully from every farm. In conclusion, different strains of MDV are circulating for up to 120 days in layers in Antioquia-Colombia and could be of major impact in poultry health. Keywords: Marek's disease virus (MDV); Antioquia-Colombia; qPCR; PCR; Meq gene phylogeny.
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Nair V, Bik-Yu Hui A, Chabon J, Esfahani M, Stehr H, Nabet B, Benson J, Chaudhuri A, Zhou L, Ayers K, Bedi H, Ramsey M, Van Wert R, Sung A, Lui N, Backhus L, Berry M, Massion P, Shrager J, Alizadeh A, Diehn M. P2.05-01 Broad Genomic Profiling of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Mafi JN, May FP, Kahn KL, Chong M, Corona E, Yang L, Mongare MM, Nair V, Reynolds C, Gupta R, Damberg CL, Esrailian E, Sarkisian C. Low-Value Proton Pump Inhibitor Prescriptions Among Older Adults at a Large Academic Health System. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:2600-2604. [PMID: 31486549 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are particularly vulnerable to complications from proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs. We sought to characterize the prevalence of potentially low-value PPI prescriptions among older adults to inform a quality improvement (QI) intervention. METHODS We created a cohort of patients, aged 65 years or older, receiving primary care at a large academic health system in 2018. We identified patients currently prescribed any PPI using the electronic health record (EHR) medication list (current defined as September 1, 2018). A geriatrician, a gastroenterologist, a QI expert, and two primary care physicians (PCPs) created multidisciplinary PPI appropriateness criteria based on evidenced-based guidelines. Supervised by a gastroenterologist and PCP, two internal medicine residents conducted manual chart reviews in a random sample of 399 patients prescribed PPIs. We considered prescriptions potentially low value if they lacked a guideline-based (1) short-term indication (gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD]/peptic ulcer disease/Helicobacter pylori gastritis/dyspepsia) or (2) long-term (>8 weeks) indication (severe/refractory GERD/erosive esophagitis/Barrett esophagus/esophageal adenocarcinoma/esophageal stricture/high gastrointestinal bleeding risk/Zollinger-Ellison syndrome). We used the Wilson score method to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CIs) on low-value PPI prescription prevalence. RESULTS Among 69 352 older adults, 8729 (12.6%) were prescribed a PPI. In the sample of 399 patients prescribed PPIs, 63.9% were female; their mean age was 76.2 years, and they were seen by 169 PCPs. Of the 399 prescriptions, 143 (35.8%; 95% CI = 31.3%-40.7%) were potentially low value-of which 82% began appropriately (eg, GERD) but then continued long term without a guideline-based indication. Among 169 PCPs, 32 (18.9%) contributed to 59.2% of potentially low-value prescriptions. CONCLUSION One in eight older adults were prescribed a PPI, and over one-third of prescriptions were potentially low-value. Most often, appropriate short-term prescriptions became potentially low value because they lacked long-term indications. With most potentially low-value prescribing concentrated among a small subset of PCPs, interventions targeting them and/or applying EHR-based automatic stopping rules may protect older adults from harm. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2600-2604, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Mafi
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.,RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California
| | - Folasade P May
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Katherine L Kahn
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.,RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California
| | - Michelle Chong
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Edgar Corona
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Liu Yang
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Margaret M Mongare
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Courtney Reynolds
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Reshma Gupta
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Eric Esrailian
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Catherine Sarkisian
- Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Song J, Belec J, Caudrelier J, Lacasse P, Aldosary G, Nair V. Dose-Sparing Effect of Deep Inspiration Breath Hold Technique (DIBH) on Coronary Artery Segments. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zheng J, Hinduja R, Pantarotto J, Cook G, Nair V, MacRae R. Outcome Differences Between Early Stage Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lung Cancers Treated with Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy: Results of a Large Canadian Single Center Retrospective Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ascani H, Tomilo M, Nair V, Eichinger F, Eddy S, Ju W, Hodgin J, Steck R, Grega D, Kretzler M. MON-332 ADVANCING SYSTEMS-BIOLOGY FOCUSED, GLOMERULAR DISEASE RESEARCH THROUGH PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Song J, Samant R, Fan X, Jay M, Chaudry H, MacDonald D, Bence-Bruckler I, Nair V. EP-1221 Palliative cranial irradiation improves survival in PCNSL patients ineligible for systemic therapy. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31641-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dermime S, Inchakalody V, Nair V, El-Ashi A, Taleb S, Fernandes Q, Al-Zaidan L, Iskandarani A, Sivaraman S, Sahir F, Krishnankutty R, Therachiyil L, Merhi M, Raza A, Uddin S, Elkord E, Knuth A. Enhancing NY-ESO-1 antigen expression in lung cancer cells through gene hypomethylation using 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy487.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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39
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Nair V, Nazri D, Hashim R, Lau A, Muniasamy M. Bridging Barriers, Building Partners: Success of a Multistakeholder Collaborative Effort in Building and Implementing a Free Mammography Programme for Underprivileged Malaysian Women. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.66700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and context: Research has revealed two large problems in the Malaysian breast cancer control context. First, a large disparity existed in diagnostic stages of Malaysian patients during first presentation; with a large percentage of patients presenting in Stage 3 or 4. Second, patients presenting in later stages of disease were revealed to be of lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Shortcomings are thus thought to exist in the capability of women from lower socioeconomic groups to access breast cancer screening. To address these gaps, the National Cancer Society of Malaysia conceptualized and put together a multistakeholder collaborative project. Aim: The aim of this project was to build, finance and implement a free mammography program for underprivileged Malaysian women. Strategy/Tactics: To ensure geographic equity in provision of this program, 14 individual private hospitals in 10 different states in peninsular Malaysia were negotiated with and agreed to provide the mammogram at highly competitive prices. To address transport and other costs which may have acted as a barrier for patients to attend their screening, transportation costs for groups going for their screening was also subsidized. Additional stakeholders' engaged were nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) especially those working with the economically underprivileged such as religious and other community NGOs. They were roped in as partners to spread the message, identify eligible participants and schedule visits. Some NGOs carried this out as part of their own outreach activities; reserving specific days at the screening centers for themselves. Program/Policy process: The program consisted of a free mammogram provided to Malaysian women above 40 years of age who were determined to be underprivileged; defined for this program as those having a monthly household income below the poverty line (RM5000). If the mammogram was found to be suspicious, a confirmatory breast ultrasound was also performed sans payment. Once conceptualized, the program was successfully pitched by NCSM to ETIQA Insurance, a large Malaysian insurer, who agreed to fund this project as part of their sustainable corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative. In total, the program funded mammograms for 5000 women over a period of 1 year from July 2017 to July 2018. NCSM advertised the program through various channels; including traditional media, social media, and at various outreach programs and events. Outcomes/What was learned: The program has run for 8 months and has already screened 3550 women nationwide. The multistakeholder collaborative effort has been highly successful at creating awareness on breast cancer screening and providing accurate breast cancer screening for a large number of underprivileged women, some for the first time in their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Nair
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - D. Nazri
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R. Hashim
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A. Lau
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M. Muniasamy
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Chulalongkorn University, College of Public Health Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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Harjani Hinduja R, Seely J, Gupta A, Nair V, Cook G, Macrae R. P2.16-19 Feasibility and Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation as Salvage Modality After Hypofractionated Radiation/SBRT for Early NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang S, Harris J, Boyle T, Williams C, Antonia S, Chiappori A, Gray J, Tanvetyanon T, Creelan B, Haura E, Shafique M, Fontaine J, Cox J, Kaszuba F, Keenan R, Nair V, Toloza E. P09 Comparison of Liquid Biopsy and Histopathologic Results with Clinical Outcomes in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Jiang Y, Li X, Liu B, Yi J, Fang Y, Shi F, Gao X, Sudzilovsky E, Parameswaran R, Koehler K, Nair V, Yue J, Guo K, Fang Y, Tsai HM, Freyermuth G, Wong RCS, Kao CM, Chen CT, Nicholls AW, Wu X, Shepherd GMG, Tian B. Rational design of silicon structures for optically controlled multiscale biointerfaces. Nat Biomed Eng 2018; 2:508-521. [PMID: 30906646 PMCID: PMC6430241 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-018-0230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-based materials have been widely used. However, remotely controlled and interconnect-free silicon configurations have been rarely explored, because of limited fundamental understanding of the complex physicochemical processes that occur at interfaces between silicon and biological materials. Here, we describe rational design principles, guided by biology, for establishing intracellular, intercellular and extracellular silicon-based interfaces, where the silicon and the biological targets have matched properties. We focused on light-induced processes at these interfaces, and developed a set of matrices to quantify and differentiate the capacitive, Faradaic and thermal outputs from about 30 different silicon materials in saline. We show that these interfaces are useful for the light-controlled non-genetic modulation of intracellular calcium dynamics, of cytoskeletal structures and transport, of cellular excitability, of neurotransmitter release from brain slices, and of brain activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwen Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jaeseok Yi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fengyuan Shi
- The Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiang Gao
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Ramya Parameswaran
- The Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kelliann Koehler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiping Yue
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - KuangHua Guo
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yin Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hsiu-Ming Tsai
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Raymond C S Wong
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience (UBSN), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chien-Min Kao
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chin-Tu Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alan W Nicholls
- The Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Wu
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gordon M G Shepherd
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Nair V, Kumar A, Subramaniam C. Exceptional photoconductivity of poly(3-hexylthiophene) fibers through in situ encapsulation of molybdenum disulfide quantum dots. Nanoscale 2018; 10:10395-10402. [PMID: 29845146 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01102h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Photo-responsive, electrically conductive nanostructures are highly desirable for wide-ranging applications in energy harvesting, nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. To this end, we realize self-assembled, photoconductive hybrids of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) micro- and nano-fibers integrated with MoS2 quantum dots (QDs). We present an innovative strategy to impregnate QDs within the walls of the P3HT fibers resulting in the emergence of the controllable photoconductivity of the QD-P3HT hybrid. The maximum photoconductivity (>80% higher than pristine P3HT) is observed at 360 nm and originates from a synergistic combination of (a) defect healing and quenching of surface trap states in QDs by P3HT and (b) efficient generation and transfer of photo-excited charges from P3HT to QDs. This mechanism is substantiated by a concomitant decrease in the excited-state lifetime of the QD-P3HT hybrid. Furthermore, a linear correlation between the enhancement in the emission of QDs and the emission quenching of P3HT supports the proposed mechanism of excited-state charge transfer. Finally, the hybrid of MoS2 nanosheets (NS) with P3HT fibers (NS-P3HT) does not exhibit any photo-conductivity and instead exhibits ground state charge transfer, underlying the critical role of quantum confinement effects operating in the QD-P3HT hybrid. Thus, we demonstrate a synergistic, self-assembled QD-P3HT hybrid exhibiting optically controllable electrical conductivity in the solid state as novel functional materials for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Nair
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
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Abdel-Rahman W, Nair V, Al-khayyal N. PO-206 Calponin 3 (CNN3) promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition and drug resistance of colon cancer cells. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Chabon J, Chaudhuri A, Azad T, Kurtz D, Stehr H, Liu C, Martin JS, Merriott D, Carter J, Ayers K, Mansfield A, Jen J, Ren H, West R, Nair V, Shrager J, Neal J, Wakelee H, Loo B, Alizadeh A, Diehn M. MA 13.01 Clinical and Pathological Variables Influencing Noninvasive Detection of Early Stage Lung Cancer Using Circulating Tumor DNA. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Samant R, Sabloff M, Atkins H, Altouri S, Kekre N, Bredeson C, Huebsch L, Ramsay T, Allan D, Fulcher J, Nair V. High Dose Total Body Irradiation for Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Nagandran Y, Dimond S, Nair V. 124FACTORS AFFECTING 30 DAY READMISSION OF HIP FRACTURE PATIENTS DISCHARGED FROM ORTHOGERIATRIC UNIT. Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx072.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Nair
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - R. Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - S. Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Y.K. Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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Hameed S, Nair V. 37P Expression pattern of cyclooxygenase-2 in carcinoma of cervix. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Ebcioglu Z, Liu C, Shapiro R, Rana M, Salem F, Florman S, Huprikar S, Nair V. Belatacept Conversion in an HIV-Positive Kidney Transplant Recipient With Prolonged Delayed Graft Function. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:3278-3281. [PMID: 27328903 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We report an HIV-positive renal transplant recipient with delayed graft function who was converted from tacrolimus to belatacept in an attempt to improve renal function. The patient had kidney biopsies at 4 and 8 weeks posttransplant that revealed acute tubular necrosis and mild fibrosis. After 14 weeks of delayed function, belatacept was initiated and tacrolimus was weaned off. Shortly after discontinuing tacrolimus, renal function began to improve. The patient was able to discontinue dialysis 21 weeks posttransplant. HIV viral load was undetectable at last follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the first report of belatacept use in a patient with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ebcioglu
- Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - C Liu
- Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - R Shapiro
- Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - M Rana
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - F Salem
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - S Florman
- Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - S Huprikar
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - V Nair
- Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY. .,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
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