1
|
Qing X, Jiang J, Yuan C, Xie K, Wang K. Temporal trends in prevalence and disability of chronic kidney disease caused by specific etiologies: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. J Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s40620-024-01914-x. [PMID: 38512378 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-024-01914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of disability in CKD is high. In this context the aim of the present study was to assess the temporal trends of prevalence and disability progression for chronic kidney disease (CKD) caused by specific etiologies. METHODS Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD) 2019, we examined the age-standardized rates of CKD prevalence and disability-adjusted life-years for different etiologies, including Type 1/2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM/T2DM), glomerulonephritis, and hypertension. We also calculated the average annual percentage changes to assess trends. Additionally, we utilized the joinpoint regression model to identify significant shifts over time. RESULTS From 1990 to 2019, the global prevalence of CKD due to various etiologies exhibited an overall increasing trend, albeit with fluctuations. Notably, CKD due to T1DM, glomerulonephritis, and hypertension consistently demonstrated a significant upward trend across all continents, while the prevalence of CKD due to T2DM varied across continents. In terms of disability-adjusted life-years, CKD due to T2DM and hypertension exhibited a significant rising trend over the past 30 years. However, changes in age standardized disability-adjusted life-years for CKD due to different etiologies were not consistent across continents, with an upward trend observed in The Americas and a contrasting trend in Asia. Furthermore, both age-standardized prevalence rate and age standardized disability-adjusted life-year trends for CKD varied significantly across 204 countries and territories. Additionally, a negative association was observed between the Socio-demographic Index and the disability progression of CKD. CONCLUSION The prevalence and disability burden of CKD caused by specific etiologies show substantial heterogeneity worldwide, highlighting significant disparities in the distribution of CKD. It is crucial to implement geographic and personalized strategies in different regions to alleviate the burden of CKD effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyi Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Chunlei Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Kunke Xie
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qiu G, Wang P, Rao J, Qing X, Cao C, Wang D, Mei B, Zhang J, Liu H, Yang Z, Liu X. Dexmedetomidine inhibits paraventricular corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons that attenuate acute stress-induced anxiety-like behavior in mice. Anesthesiology 2024:139977. [PMID: 38498811 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine has repeatedly shown to improve anxiety but the precise neural mechanisms underlying this effect remain incompletely understood. Here, we aim to explore the role of corticotropin-releasing hormone-producing hypothalamic paraventricular (CRHPVN) neurons in mediating the anxiolytic effects of dexmedetomidine. METHODS A social defeat stress mouse model was employed to evaluate the anxiolytic effects induced by dexmedetomidine through the elevated plus-maze, open-field test, and measurement of serum stress hormone levels. In vivo Ca2+ signal fibre photometry and ex vivo patch-clamp recordings were utilized to determine the excitability of CRHPVN neurons and investigate the specific mechanism involved. CRHPVN neuron modulation was achieved through chemogenetic activation or inhibition. RESULTS Compared with saline, dexmedetomidine (40 µg/kg) alleviated anxiety-like behaviors. Additionally, dexmedetomidine reduced CRHPVN neuronal excitability. Chemogenetic activation of CRHPVN neurons decreased the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus-maze and in the central area of the open-field test. Conversely, chemogenetic inhibition of CRHPVN neurons had the opposite effect. Moreover, the suppressive impact of dexmedetomidine on CRHPVN neurons was attenuated by the α2 receptor antagonist yohimbine. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the anxiety-like effects of dexmedetomidine are mediated via α2 adrenergic receptor-triggered inhibition of CRHPVN neuronal excitability in the hypothalamus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaolin Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jin Rao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chenchen Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dijia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bin Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiqian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhilai Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qing X, Jiang J, Yuan C, Wang K. Mendelian randomization analysis identifies a genetic casual association between circulating C-reactive protein and intracerebral hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107554. [PMID: 38176227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causal effect of C-reactive protein (CRP) on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains controversial. We discussed the causal association of CRP with ICH based on two-sample Mendelian randomization. METHODS The data from two genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of European ancestry was extracted, including circulating CRP levels (204,402 individuals) and ICH (1,687 cases and 201,146 controls). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was primary tool to evaluate the causal relationship of circulating CRP levels on ICH risk. MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO global test were utilized to identify pleiotropy. Heterogeneity was discussed with Cochran's Q test. The leave-one-out analysis explored the reliability of the results. RESULTS 54 SNPs were identified as instrumental variables (IVs) for circulating CRP levels, and these IVs had no significant horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity, or bias. MR analysis demonstrated a causal relationship between elevated circulating CRP levels and decreased risk of ICH (ORIVW = 0.828, 95% CI 0.692-0.992, P = 0.040). CONCLUSION Elevated circulating CRP levels demonstrated a significant potentially protective causal relationship with risk of ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, PR China; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Junyi Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, PR China
| | - Chunlei Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dai Q, Qing X, Jiang W, Wang S, Liu S, Liu X, Huang F, Zhao H. Aging aggravates liver fibrosis through downregulated hepatocyte SIRT1-induced liver sinusoidal endothelial cell dysfunction. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0350. [PMID: 38126919 PMCID: PMC10749712 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging increases the susceptibility to chronic liver diseases and hastens liver fibrosis deterioration, but the underlying mechanisms remain partially understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aging and chronic liver diseases on hepatocyte Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and LSECs and their contribution to liver fibrosis pathogeneses. METHODS Young (8-12 wk) and aged (18-20 mo) mice were subjected to carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis. Primary HSCs and LSECs were isolated and cocultured for in vitro experiments. Liver tissues and blood samples from healthy controls and patients with liver fibrosis were analyzed. RESULTS Downregulated hepatocytes SIRT1 in aged mice increased high mobility group box 1 acetylation, cytoplasmic translocation, and extracellular secretion, causing LSECs dysfunction by means of the toll-like receptor 4/AK strain transforming (AKT)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway, ultimately activating HSCs and increasing susceptibility to liver injury and fibrosis. Adeno-associated virus-mediated overexpression of SIRT1 in hepatocytes suppressed the abovementioned alterations and attenuated carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury and fibrosis in liver fibrosis mice, and there were no significant differences in liver injury and fibrosis indicators between young and aged mice after SIRT1 overexpression treatment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that SIRT1 overexpression and endothelial nitric oxide synthase agonist YC-1 improved LSECs function and inhibited HSCs activation, mediated by nitric oxide. Similarly, downregulated hepatocytes SIRT1 and LSECs dysfunction were observed in the livers of aged individuals compared to young individuals and were more pronounced in aged patients with liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Aging aggravates liver fibrosis through downregulated hepatocytes SIRT1-induced LSECs dysfunction, providing a prospective curative approach for preventing and treating liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Dai
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shouwen Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shengsheng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hongchuan Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
John SV, Seim GL, Erazo-Flores BJ, Steill J, Freeman J, Votava JA, Arp NL, Qing X, Stewart R, Knoll LJ, Fan J. Macrophages undergo functionally significant reprograming of nucleotide metabolism upon classical activation. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.27.573447. [PMID: 38234794 PMCID: PMC10793465 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.27.573447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
During an immune response, macrophages systematically rewire their metabolism in specific ways to support their diversve functions. However, current knowledge of macrophage metabolism is largely concentrated on central carbon metabolism. Using multi-omics analysis, we identified nucleotide metabolism as one of the most significantly rewired pathways upon classical activation. Further isotopic tracing studies revealed several major changes underlying the substantial metabolomic alterations: 1) de novo synthesis of both purines and pyrimidines is shut down at several specific steps; 2) nucleotide degradation activity to nitrogenous bases is increased but complete oxidation of bases is reduced, causing a great accumulation of nucleosides and bases; and 3) cells gradually switch to primarily relying on salvaging the nucleosides and bases for maintaining most nucleotide pools. Mechanistically, the inhibition of purine nucleotide de novo synthesis is mainly caused by nitric oxide (NO)-driven inhibition of the IMP synthesis enzyme ATIC, with NO-independent transcriptional downregulation of purine synthesis genes augmenting the effect. The inhibition of pyrimidine nucleotide de novo synthesis is driven by NO-driven inhibition of CTP synthetase (CTPS) and transcriptional downregulation of thymidylate synthase (TYMS). For the rewiring of degradation, purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) and uridine phosphorylase (UPP) are transcriptionally upregulated, increasing nucleoside degradation activity. However, complete degradation of purine bases by xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is inhibited by NO, diverting flux into nucleotide salvage. Inhibiting the activation-induced switch from nucleotide de novo synthesis to salvage by knocking out the purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosporibosyl transferase (Hprt) significantly alters the expression of genes important for activated macrophage functions, suppresses macrophage migration, and increases pyroptosis. Furthermore, knocking out Hprt or Xor increases proliferation of the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii in macrophages. Together, these studies comprehensively reveal the characteristics, the key regulatory mechanisms, and the functional importance of the dynamic rewiring of nucleotide metabolism in classically activated macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven V John
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Gretchen L Seim
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Billy J Erazo-Flores
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - John Steill
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
| | | | | | - Nicholas L Arp
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Xin Qing
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Ron Stewart
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
| | - Laura J Knoll
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Lead contact
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Qing X, Dou R, Wang P, Zhou M, Cao C, Zhang H, Qiu G, Yang Z, Zhang J, Liu H, Zhu S, Liu X. Ropivacaine-loaded hydrogels for prolonged relief of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain and potentiated chemotherapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:462. [PMID: 38041074 PMCID: PMC10693114 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02230-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy can cause severe pain for patients, but there are currently no satisfactory methods of pain relief. Enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy to reduce the side effects of high-dose chemotherapeutic drugs remains a major challenge. Moreover, the treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain (CIPNP) is separate from chemotherapy in the clinical setting, causing inconvenience to cancer patients. In view of the many obstacles mentioned above, we developed a strategy to incorporate local anesthetic (LA) into a cisplatin-loaded PF127 hydrogel for painless potentiated chemotherapy. We found that multiple administrations of cisplatin-loaded PF127 hydrogels (PFC) evoked severe CIPNP, which correlated with increased pERK-positive neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). However, incorporating ropivacaine into the PFC relieved PFC-induced CIPNP for more than ten hours and decreased the number of pERK-positive neurons in the DRG. Moreover, incorporating ropivacaine into the PFC for chemotherapy is found to upregulate major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) expression in tumor cells and promote the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8+ T cells) in tumors, thereby potentiating chemotherapy efficacy. This study proposes that LA can be used as an immunemodulator to enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy, providing new ideas for painless cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Renbin Dou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mengni Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chenchen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Huiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Gaolin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhilai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Hu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Shasha Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hosseinvand M, Eskandari A, Azizi K, Palomares-Rius JE, Castillo P, Abolafia J, Ghaderi R, Helder J, Qing X. Integrative taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships between representatives of genera within Merliniinae (Nematoda: Merliniidae), with new data on fourteen known and one unknown species. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e89. [PMID: 38032079 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The application of integrative taxonomic approaches is useful to species delineation based on a combination of distinct types of characters, here morphological features and ribosomal DNA sequences. In this study, we surveyed ectoparasitic nematodes of the subfamily Merliniinae in cultivated and natural environments in Iran. Results of morphological and morphometrical studies, light and scanning electron microscopic observations, and molecular analyses allowed us the identification of fourteen known and one unknown species including representatives of the genera Amplimerlinius (five species), Geocenamus (one species), Merlinius (three species), Nagelus (two species), Paramerlinius (one species), Scutylenchus (two species), and Telomerlinius (one species). The unknown species, Scutylenchus sp., characterized by having 35-50 incisures at mid-body; lateral field with 6 longitudinal incisures; lip region slightly offset by a constriction, flattened at front end; bearing 5-7 annuli; cephalic framework not refractive; stylet robust, 18.3-27 μm long; post anal intestinal sac absent; tail elongate conical, dorsally convex, with 24 (19-28) annuli in ventral side, ending to a smooth terminus and males common; spicules 24.5-31 μm long. The phylogenetic analyses were carried out using molecular data from nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes viz. D2-D3 expansion segments of the large ribosomal subunit (28S rRNA), partial small ribosomal subunit (18S rRNA), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The molecular variability of D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA and partial 18S rRNA was low in this family in comparison to the ITS region, which could be a more helpful molecular marker in species and genus identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Hosseinvand
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran
| | - A Eskandari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran
| | - K Azizi
- Department of Plant Protection, Lorestan University, 68151-44316, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - J E Palomares-Rius
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain
| | - P Castillo
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain
| | - J Abolafia
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus 'Las Lagunillas' s/n, Edificio B3, 23071Jaén, Spain
| | - R Ghaderi
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 71441-65186, Shiraz, Iran
| | - J Helder
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - X Qing
- Department of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cai J, Parnall T, Tomassetti S, Qing X. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting as postmenopausal bleeding. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e8173. [PMID: 37965185 PMCID: PMC10641298 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Endometrial lymphoma is a rare etiology of abnormal uterine bleeding and endometrial thickening, and often shares similar clinical and imaging characteristics with other uterine malignancies such as endometrial carcinoma. Chemotherapy appears adequate for treating primary endometrial lymphoma. Abstract We report a case of primary endometrial diffuse large B-cell lymphoma to increase awareness of this condition which is essential for correct diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Cai
- Department of PathologyHarbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCaliforniaUSA
- University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Taylor Parnall
- Department of RadiologyHarbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sarah Tomassetti
- Division of Hematology and OncologyHarbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCaliforniaUSA
- The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of PathologyHarbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCaliforniaUSA
- The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Britt EC, Qing X, Votava JA, Lika J, Wagner A, Shen S, Arp NL, Khan H, Schieke SM, Fletcher CD, Huttenlocher A, Fan J. Activation induces shift in nutrient utilization that differentially impacts cell functions in human neutrophils. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.25.559385. [PMID: 37808750 PMCID: PMC10557599 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.25.559385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils - the first responders in innate immunity - perform a variety of effector functions associated with specific metabolic demand. To maintain fitness and support functions, neutrophils have been found to utilize extracellular glucose, intracellular glycogen, and other alternative substrates. However, the quantitative contribution of these nutrients under specific conditions and the relative dependence of various cell functions on specific nutrients remain unclear. Here, using ex vivo and in vivo isotopic tracing, we reveal that under resting condition, human peripheral blood neutrophils, in contrast to in vitro cultured human neutrophil-like cell lines, rely on glycogen as a major direct source of glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway. Upon activation with a diversity of stimuli, neutrophils undergo a significant and often rapid nutrient preference shift, with glucose becoming the dominant metabolic source thanks to a multi-fold increase in glucose uptake mechanistically mediated by the phosphorylation and translocation of GLUT1. At the same time, cycling between gross glycogenesis and glycogenolysis is also substantially increased, while the net flux favors sustained or increased glycogen storage. The shift in nutrient utilization impacts neutrophil functions in a function-specific manner. The activation of oxidative burst specifically depends on the utilization of extracellular glucose rather than glycogen. In contrast, the release of neutrophil traps can be flexibly supported by either glucose or glycogen. Neutrophil migration and fungal control is promoted by the shift away from glycogen utilization. Together, these results quantitatively characterize fundamental features of neutrophil metabolism and elucidate how metabolic remodeling shapes neutrophil functions upon activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Britt
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Xin Qing
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Jorgo Lika
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Andrew Wagner
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Simone Shen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Arp
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Hamidullah Khan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. Department of Dermatology, Georgetown University Medical Center and Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Stefan M. Schieke
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. Department of Dermatology, Georgetown University Medical Center and Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | | | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang HH, Qing X. When Lymphoma Strikes the Pancreas: A Rare Presentation of Systemic Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patient. J Hematol 2023; 12:236-242. [PMID: 37936974 PMCID: PMC10627364 DOI: 10.14740/jh1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an uncommon subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with pancreatic involvement being exceedingly rare and documented in only a handful of case reports. We present a unique case of a 31-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive male with multisite ALK-negative ALCL, who initially presented with a buttock ulcer, leading to a suspicion of primary cutaneous ALCL or lymphomatoid papulosis. However, the discovery of multiple extracutaneous sites, including an atypical pancreatic head involvement, confirmed the diagnosis of systemic ALK-negative ALCL with cutaneous manifestation. The patient received six cycles of brentuximab vedotin + cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-prednisone (BV + CHP) treatment, achieving a substantial reduction in the size of the pancreatic head mass and no detectable fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography (PET) scan. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of ALK-negative ALCL in HIV-positive patients with extranodal presentations and demonstrates the potential effectiveness of targeted therapeutic strategies for such cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hehua Hannah Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qing X, Jiang J, Yuan C, Xie K, Wang K. Expression patterns and immunological characterization of PANoptosis -related genes in gastric cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1222072. [PMID: 37664853 PMCID: PMC10471966 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1222072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulative studies have demonstrated the close relationship between tumor immunity and pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. However, the role of PANoptosis in gastric cancer (GC) is yet to be fully understood. Methods This research attempted to identify the expression patterns of PANoptosis regulators and the immune landscape in GC by integrating the GSE54129 and GSE65801 datasets. We analyzed GC specimens and established molecular clusters associated with PANoptosis-related genes (PRGs) and corresponding immune characteristics. The differentially expressed genes were determined with the WGCNA method. Afterward, we employed four machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Generalized linear Model, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting) to select the optimal model, which was validated using nomogram, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and two validation cohorts. Additionally, this study discussed the relationship between infiltrating immune cells and variables in the selected model. Results This study identified dysregulated PRGs and differential immune activities between GC and normal samples, and further identified two PANoptosis-related molecular clusters in GC. These clusters demonstrated remarkable immunological heterogeneity, with Cluster1 exhibiting abundant immune infiltration. The Support Vector Machine signature was found to have the best discriminative ability, and a 5-gene-based SVM signature was established. This model showed excellent performance in the external validation cohorts, and the nomogram, calibration curve, and DCA indicated its reliability in predicting GC patterns. Further analysis confirmed that the 5 selected variables were remarkably related to infiltrating immune cells and immune-related pathways. Conclusion Taken together, this work demonstrates that the PANoptosis pattern has the potential as a stratification tool for patient risk assessment and a reflection of the immune microenvironment in GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyi Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Chunlei Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Kunke Xie
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guo F, Slos D, Du H, Li K, Li H, Qing X. Transcriptomics of Cruznema velatum (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) with a redescription of the species. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e57. [PMID: 37470247 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Cruznema velatum isolated from soil in a chestnut orchard located at Guangdong province, China, is redescribed with morphology, molecular barcoding sequences, and transcriptome data. The morphological comparison for C. velatum and six other valid species is provided. Phylogeny analysis suggests genus Cruznema is monophyletic. The species is amphimix, can be cultured with Escherichia coli in 7-9 days from egg to egg-laying adult, and has a lifespan of 11 to 14 days at 20°C. The transcription data generated 45,366 unigenes; 29.9%, 31.3%, 24.8%, and 18.6% of unigenes were annotated in KOG, SwissProt, GO, and KEGG, respectively. Further gene function analysis demonstrated that C. velatum share the same riboflavin, lipoic acid, and vitamin B6 metabolic pathways with Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| | - D Slos
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke9820, Belgium
| | - H Du
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| | - K Li
- College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi830052, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi830052, China
| | - X Qing
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhu S, Zhang J, Xue N, Zhu X, Li F, Dai Q, Qing X, Chen D, Liu X, Wei Z, Cao Y. Highly specific neutrophil-mediated delivery of albumin nanoparticles to ectopic lesion for endometriosis therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:81. [PMID: 36890521 PMCID: PMC9996962 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease. Hormonal and surgical treatments are the most commonly used clinical therapies, but they have many sides effects or are traumatic to the body. Therefore, specific drugs for endometriosis treatment are urgently needed to develop. In this study, we identified two features of endometriosis, namely the continuous recruitment of neutrophils into the ectopic lesions and the higher uptake of glucose by ectopic cells. For the above features, we designed a glucose oxidase-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle (BSA-GOx-NPs) that is inexpensive and facilitates large-scale production. After injection, BSA-GOx-NPs were high specifically delivered to ectopic lesions in a neutrophil-dependent manner. Furthermore, BSA-GOx-NPs deplete glucose and induce apoptosis in the ectopic lesions. Whereupon BSA-GOx-NPs produced excellent anti-endometriosis effects when administrated in both acute and chronic inflammatory phases. These results reveal for the first time that the neutrophil hitchhiking strategy is effective in chronic inflammatory disease and provide a non-hormonal and easy-to-achieve approach for endometriosis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jiqian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Nairui Xue
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fenfen Li
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qingqing Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhaolian Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China. .,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China. .,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pu W, Liu S, Qing X, Qiao G, Mazhar S, Ma T. Automated extraction of baleen whale calls based on the pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution. J Acoust Soc Am 2023; 153:1564. [PMID: 37002084 DOI: 10.1121/10.0017457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Baleen whales produce a wide variety of frequency-modulated calls. Extraction of the time-frequency (TF) structures of these calls forms the basis for many applications, including abundance estimation and species recognition. Typical methods to extract the contours of whale calls from a spectrogram are based on the short-time Fourier transform and are, thus, restricted by a fixed TF resolution. Considering the low-frequency nature of baleen whale calls, this work represents the contours using a pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution for a higher TF resolution at the cost of introducing cross terms. An adaptive threshold is proposed followed by a modified Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density filter to extract the contours. Finally, the artificial contours, which are caused by the cross terms, can be removed in post-processing. Simulations were conducted to explore how the signal-to-noise ratio influences the performance of the proposed method. Then, in experiments based on real data, the contours of the calls of three kinds of baleen whales were extracted in a highly accurate manner (with mean deviations of 5.4 and 0.051 Hz from the ground-truth contours at sampling rates of 4000 and 100 Hz, respectively) with a recall of 75% and a precision of 78.5%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wangyi Pu
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Songzuo Liu
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Gang Qiao
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Suleman Mazhar
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tianlong Ma
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qing X, Yuan C, Wang K. Characterization of protein-based risk signature to predict prognosis and evaluate the tumor immune environment in breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:424-435. [PMID: 36732487 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteomics profiles have enabled a systematic insight into the prognosis of cancer. This study aimed to establish a valuable protein-based risk signature to assess the prognosis and immune status in patients with breast cancer (BC). METHODS Protein expression profile, RNA expression data, and clinical information were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The whole cohort was randomly split into two cohorts, one for establishing the risk signature and the other for testing. Univariate Cox analysis and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression were utilized to construct the protein-based risk signature. All cohorts were divided into high- and low-risk groups, which were applied to investigate the clinical relevance, tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic response. RESULTS The prognostic proteomics signature was established based on prognostic proteins, thus categorizing patients into low-risk and high-risk groups with different prognoses. A predictive nomogram was also developed to predict 1, 3, and 5-year survival possibility for BC patients, and the calibration curves confirmed the predictive significance of this signature. Afterward, the low-risk group displayed higher immune activities, immune checkpoint expression, and immunotherapeutic response. Moreover, GSEA analysis indicated that immune-associated pathways were rich in the low-risk group. Additionally, this prognostic signature demonstrated potential predict significance for chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION This study established an effective prognostic proteomics signature with reliable predictive performance for survival, immune activity, and drug sensitivity. It might provide a novel perspective into the protein function in BC, and guide the individual treatment strategies for BC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunlei Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China.
| | - Ke Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang J, Zhu S, Zhao M, Zhou M, Zhu X, Qing X, Yang Z, Wei P, Zhang G, He W, Yu Y, Liu X. Analgesic and potentiated photothermal therapy with ropivacaine-loaded hydrogels. Theranostics 2023; 13:2226-2240. [PMID: 37153743 PMCID: PMC10157729 DOI: 10.7150/thno.81325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Tumor ablation can cause severe pain to patients, but there is no satisfactory means of analgesia available. In addition, recurrence of residual tumors due to incomplete ablation threatens patient safety. Photothermal therapy (PTT), a promising approach for tumor ablation, also faces the aforementioned problems. Therefore, developing novel photothermal agents that can efficiently relieve PTT-associated pain and potentiate the PTT efficacy are urgently needed. Methods: The Pluronic F127 hydrogel doped with indocyanine green (ICG) was served as photothermal agent for PTT. Mouse model that inoculation of tumor near the sciatic nerve was constructed to assess the PTT-evoked pain. Subcutaneous and sciatic nerve vicinal tumor-bearing mice were used to test the efficacy of PTT. Results: PTT-evoked pain depends on an increase in tumor temperature and is accompanied by the activation of TRPV1. A simple introduction of local anesthetic (LA) ropivacaine into ICG-loaded hydrogels relieves PTT-induced pain and exerts long-lasting analgesia compared with opioid analgesia. More interestingly, ropivacaine upregulates major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) in tumor cells by impairing autophagy. Therefore, a hydrogel co-doped with ropivacaine, TLR7 agonist imiquimod and ICG was rationally designed. In the hydrogel system, imiquimod primes tumor-specific CD8+ T cells through promoting DCs maturation, and ropivacaine facilitates tumor cells recognition by primed CD8+ T cells through upregulating MHC-I. Consequently, the hydrogel maximumly increases CD8+ T cells infiltration into tumor and potentiates PTT efficacy. Conclusion: This study for the first time provides an LA-dopped photothermal agents for painless PTT and innovatively proposes that a LA can be used as an immunomodulator to potentiate the PTT efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiqian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230032, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Yongqiang Yu (E-mail: ); Xuesheng Liu (E-mail: ); Weiling He (E-mail: ); Jiqian Zhang (E-mail: )
| | - Shasha Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mingxu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mengni Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhilai Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Weiling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Yongqiang Yu (E-mail: ); Xuesheng Liu (E-mail: ); Weiling He (E-mail: ); Jiqian Zhang (E-mail: )
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Yongqiang Yu (E-mail: ); Xuesheng Liu (E-mail: ); Weiling He (E-mail: ); Jiqian Zhang (E-mail: )
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Yongqiang Yu (E-mail: ); Xuesheng Liu (E-mail: ); Weiling He (E-mail: ); Jiqian Zhang (E-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li L, Wang Q, Qing X, Qiao G, Liu X, Liu S. Robust unsupervised Tursiops aduncus whistle enhancement based on complete ensembled empirical optimal envelope local mean decomposition with adaptive noise. J Acoust Soc Am 2022; 152:3360. [PMID: 36586875 DOI: 10.1121/10.0016500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Whistle enhancement is an essential preprocessing step in studying dolphin behavior and population distributions. We propose a robust unsupervised whistle enhancement scheme based on improved local mean decomposition using adaptive noise estimation and logarithmic spectral amplitude. First, to further mitigate the mode aliasing problem effect in whistle signal decomposition and achieve better spectral separation of modes, we present a complete ensembled empirical optimal envelope local mean decomposition with adaptive noise algorithm. According to the envelope characteristics of the whistle signals, the proposed algorithm optimally and adaptively decomposes the noisy signal into product functions (PFs) with amplitude and frequency modulation. Second, the whistle enhancement framework consists of the improved minima-controlled recursive averaging for adaptive noise estimation, optimally modified log-spectral amplitude for each noisy product function enhancement, and the Hurst index for reconstructing pure whistle signal estimations with the least damaged PFs. Finally, the proposed scheme is applied to a dataset of long calls from two Tursiops aduncus individuals. After constructing the pure whistle dataset, the experimental results show that the proposed scheme performs better than other compared whistle enhancement schemes under different signal-to-noise ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Gang Qiao
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Songzuo Liu
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tomassetti S, Lee J, Qing X. A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia with the
T315I
mutation who progressed to myeloid blast phase and was successfully treated with asciminib. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6478. [PMID: 36381034 PMCID: PMC9637250 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) harboring the T315I mutation who progress to blast phase CML while on ponatinib may be successfully treated with asciminib monotherapy following induction therapy with cytotoxic chemotherapy. CML patients with the T315I mutation who progress to blast phase on ponatinib represent a challenging clinical scenario. Asciminib has shown efficacy in chronic phase CML patients with the T315I mutation. Asciminib should be considered for CML patients with the T315I mutation who progress to blast phase while on ponatinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tomassetti
- Division of Hematology and Oncology Harbor‐UCLA Medical Center and The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California USA
- The Lundquist Research Institute Torrance California USA
| | - Jennifer Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology Harbor‐UCLA Medical Center and The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California USA
- The Lundquist Research Institute Torrance California USA
| | - Xin Qing
- The Lundquist Research Institute Torrance California USA
- Department of Pathology Harbor‐UCLA Medical Center and The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guo C, Fu Z, Qing X, Deng M. Prophylactic transanal drainage tube placement for preventing anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer: A meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis 2022; 24:1273-1284. [PMID: 35735261 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of transanal drainage tube (TDT) placement for preventing anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection for rectal cancer. METHOD PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched up to October 2021. Studies comparing outcomes following low anterior resection with or without TDT were included. The primary outcomes measured were anastomotic leakage rate, reoperation rate and anastomotic bleed rate. RESULTS Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 16 observational studies (prospective or retrospective) involving 4560 patients satisfied the basic inclusion criteria. In RCTs, a TDT was associated with no statistically significant differences in anastomotic leakage (OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.42-1.05, P = 0.08), reduction in reoperation (OR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.03-0.51, P = 0.004) and increased anastomotic bleeding rate (OR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.11-5.01, P = 0.03). In observational studies, a TDT was associated with significant reduction in anastomotic leak (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.30-0.64, P < 0.0001) and reoperation (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.33-0.69, P < 0.0001), with no statistically significant differences in anastomotic bleeding (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 0.20-8.30, P = 0.78). CONCLUSION In RCTs, a TDT for rectal cancer was correlated with no detectable differences in anastomotic leakage and with an increased risk of anastomotic bleeding. In observational studies, a TDT was correlated with reduction in anastomotic leakage and no detectable differences in anastomotic bleeding. Both RCTs and observational studies demonstrated a comparable reduction in reoperation rate with TDT. These data in aggregate indicated that TDTs may not show superiority but emphasized differences between RCT and observational data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Guo
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiwen Fu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Qing
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengen Deng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang H, Du X, Dong H, Xu W, Zhou P, Liu S, Qing X, Zhang Y, Yang M, Zhang Y. Risk factors and predictive nomograms for early death of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a large retrospective study based on the SEER database. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:348. [PMID: 35854221 PMCID: PMC9297630 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02424-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a kind of tumor with high invasiveness, and patients with advanced HCC have a higher risk of early death. The aim of the present study was to identify the risk factors of early death in patients with advanced HCC and establish predictive nomograms. METHODS Death that occurred within 3 months of initial diagnosis is defined as early death. Patients diagnosed with stage IV HCC between 2010 and 2015 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for model establishment and verification. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors. Predictive nomograms were constructed and an internal validation was performed. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to verify the true clinical application value of the models. RESULTS Of 6603 patients (57% age > 60, 81% male, 70% white, 46% married), 21% and 79% had stage IVA and IVB, respectively. On the multivariable analyses, risk factors for early deaths in patients with stage IVA were age, tumor size, histological grade, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), fibrosis score, tumor stage (T stage), surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, and that in stage IVB were age, histological grade, AFP, T stage, node stage (N stage), bone metastasis, lung metastasis, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The areas under the curves (AUCs) were 0.830 (95% CI 0.809-0.851) and 0.789 (95% CI 0.768-0.810) in stage IVA and IVB, respectively. Nomograms comprising risk factors with the concordance indexes (C-indexes) were 0.820 (95% CI 0.799-0.841) in stage IVA and 0.785 (95% CI 0.764-0.0.806) in stage IVB for internal validation (Bootstrapping, 1000re-samplings). The calibration plots of the nomograms show that the predicted early death was consistent with the actual value. The results of the DCA analysis show that the nomograms had a good clinical application. CONCLUSION The nomograms can be beneficial for clinicians in identifying the risk factors for early death of patients with advanced HCC and predicting the probability of early death, so as to allow for individualized treatment plans to be accurately selected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Zhang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuanlong Du
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Shiwei Liu
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Qing X, Chen Q, Wang K. m6A Regulator-Mediated Methylation Modification Patterns and Characteristics in COVID-19 Patients. Front Public Health 2022; 10:914193. [PMID: 35655464 PMCID: PMC9152098 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.914193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators may be necessary for diverse viral infectious diseases, and serve pivotal roles in various physiological functions. However, the potential roles of m6A regulators in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain unclear. Methods The gene expression profile of patients with or without COVID-19 was acquired from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes was conducted. Random forest modal and nomogram were established to predict the occurrence of COVID-19. Afterward, the consensus clustering method was utilized to establish two different m6A subtypes, and associations between subtypes and immunity were explored. Results Based on the transcriptional data from GSE157103, we observed that the m6A modification level was markedly enriched in the COVID-19 patients than those in the non-COVID-19 patients. And 18 essential m6A regulators were identified with differential analysis between patients with or without COVID-19. The random forest model was utilized to determine 8 optimal m6A regulators for predicting the emergence of COVID-19. We then established a nomogram based on these regulators, and its predictive reliability was validated by decision curve analysis. The consensus clustering algorithm was conducted to categorize COVID-19 patients into two m6A subtypes from the identified m6A regulators. The patients in cluster A were correlated with activated T-cell functions and may have a superior prognosis. Conclusions Collectively, m6A regulators may be involved in the prevalence of COVID-19 patients. Our exploration of m6A subtypes may benefit the development of subsequent treatment modalities for COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Crabtree M, Cai J, Qing X. Conventional Karyotyping and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization for Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Multiple Myeloma. J Hematol 2022; 11:87-91. [PMID: 35837374 PMCID: PMC9275438 DOI: 10.14740/jh1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is a genetically heterogeneous disease, with cytogenetic findings that determine disease behavior. Genetic abnormalities can be assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and/or G-banded karyotyping. The two methods produce unique and overlapping information, and the clinical utility of using both is investigated here. Methods Seventy patients diagnosed with MM at a hospital in Southern California were retrospectively reviewed for the FISH and G-banded karyotyping results obtained from bone marrow specimens. Results Karyotype was normal in 71% (50/70), abnormal in 27% (19/70), and inadequate in 1% (1/70). Among patients with abnormal karyotype, FISH provided additional information about genetic aberrations in 95% of cases (18/19). Among cases with abnormal FISH, karyotype provided additional information about genetic aberrations in 27% of cases (18/66). When numerical abnormalities were present (detected by FISH and/or karyotype), FISH detected them in 95% (54/57), of which karyotype missed 70% (38/54) of the time. Karyotyping detected numerical abnormalities in 33% (19/57), which FISH missed 16% (3/19) of the time. Conclusions Karyotyping and FISH analysis in MM each provide unique information. For most patients, performing both tests together will provide more information than either test alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Crabtree
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Jennifer Cai
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tomassetti S, Samara Y, LaBarbera K, Qing X, Rathore R, Aleshin A, McPhaul L. Use of circulating tumor DNA in newly diagnosed DLBCL patients. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e19552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e19552 Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma. With upfront treatment, 40% of patients relapse. Currently, treatment response and surveillance are monitored using positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT). However, no study to date has shown significant improvement in outcomes in lymphoma patients using standard radiographic and clinical surveillance. Most often, relapses likely occur from minimal residual disease (MRD) below the detection of imaging. Thus, a subclinical biomarker to better monitor treatment response and surveillance is needed. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a sensitive biomarker for detecting MRD. Here, we aimed to evaluate the utility of ctDNA as a biomarker for monitoring treatment response and surveillance in patients with lymphoma. Methods: ctDNA analysis using a personalized, tumor-informed assay (Signatera bespoke mPCR NGS assay) was performed on blood samples collected from 15 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL who presented to Harbor-UCLA Medical Center in 2021. Blood samples were collected at diagnosis, prior to each cycle of therapy, and every 3 months thereafter for surveillance. The primary endpoint was the rate of ctDNA clearance during treatment and its correlation with radiological imaging. Secondary endpoints included ctDNA positivity rate during surveillance and its correlation with radiological imaging. Additional data collected included patient demographics, lymphoma characteristics, and treatment regimen. Results: Of the 15 patients included in this cohort, the median age was 54 years and the percentage of patients with stage 1, 2, 3, and 4 disease was 7%, 20%, 7% and 67%, respectively. A total of 7% had high risk IPI scores. Within this cohort, 80% received RCHOP and 20% received daREPOCH. ctDNA was detected in 93.3% (14/15) of patients at diagnosis, with levels ranging from 2-3,607 mean tumor molecules (MTM)/mL of plasm. Of the ctDNA+ patients, 6 (40%) patients had a complete response to initial therapy as assessed by post-treatment imaging. Longitudinal assessment of ctDNA after each cycle of therapy revealed concordance with radiological findings, where 2/6 cleared ctDNA after cycle 1, 4/6 cleared ctDNA after cycle 2, 5/6 cleared ctDNA after cycle 3, and 6/6 cleared ctDNA after cycle 4 of treatment. One patient had undetectable ctDNA after cycle 4, but had a Deauville score of 4 on post-treatment PET/CT and was referred to radiation. Of the 3 patients who remained ctDNA positive on longitudinal testing, all were confirmed to have primary refractory disease by imaging. Of the remaining patients, 1 patient died after daREPOCH cycle 1 and 3 patients are undergoing initial therapy. Conclusions: ctDNA may serve as an important biomarker to assess response to treatment and for surveillance in DLBCL patients. Further studies evaluating ctDNA use in the clinical setting are needed before its application in routine practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xin Qing
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Qing X, Xu W, Liu S, Chen Z, Ye C, Zhang Y. Molecular Characteristics, Clinical Significance, and Cancer Immune Interactions of Angiogenesis-Associated Genes in Gastric Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:843077. [PMID: 35273618 PMCID: PMC8901990 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.843077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy has evolved as a critical option to treat diverse cancers. The active response to immunotherapy relies on the unique interaction between cancer and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer. However, the association between angiogenesis and clinical outcome, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy remains unknown in gastric cancer (GC). Methods We systematically assessed 36 angiogenesis-associated genes (AAGs) and comprehensively identified the correlation between angiogenesis and transcriptional patterns, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration. The AAG_score was applied to quantify the angiogenesis subtypes of each patient. We then evaluated their values in prognostic prediction and therapeutic responses in GC. Results We discussed the mutations of AAGs in GC specimens from genetic levels and identified their expression patterns from TCGA and GEO cohorts. We determined two different molecular subtypes and observed that AAG mutations were related to patients’ clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis, and infiltrating TME. Next, an AAG_score for predicting overall survival (OS) was established and its reliable predictive ability in GC patients was confirmed. Furthermore, we created a highly reliable nomogram to facilitate the clinical viability of the AAG_score. A low AAG_score, characterized by elevated microsatellite instability-high, mutation burden, and immune activation, demonstrated a superior OS. Additionally, the AAG_score was remarkedly correlated with the cancer stem cell index and drug susceptibility. Conclusion Collectively, we identified a prognostic AAG signature for GC patients. This signature may contribute to clarifying the characteristics of TME and enable the exploration of more potent immunotherapy strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengli Liu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhencheng Chen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Chunping Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li L, Qiao G, Qing X, Zhang H, Liu X, Liu S. Robust unsupervised Tursiops aduncus whistle-event detection using gammatone multi-channel Savitzky-Golay based whistle enhancement. J Acoust Soc Am 2022; 151:3509. [PMID: 35649921 DOI: 10.1121/10.0011402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Detecting whistle events is essential when studying the population density and behavior of cetaceans. After eight months of passive acoustic monitoring in Xiamen, we obtained long calls from two Tursiops aduncus individuals. In this paper, we propose an algorithm with an unbiased gammatone multi-channel Savitzky-Golay for smoothing dynamic continuous background noise and interference from long click trains. The algorithm uses the method of least squares to perform a local polynomial regression on the time-frequency representation of multi-frequency resolution call measurements, which can effectively retain the whistle profiles while filtering out noise and interference. We prove that it is better at separating out whistles and has lower computational complexity than other smoothing methods. In order to further extract whistle features in enhanced spectrograms, we also propose a set of multi-scale and multi-directional moving filter banks for various whistle durations and contour shapes. The final binary adaptive decisions at frame level for whistle events are obtained from the histograms of multi-scale and multi-directional spectrograms. Finally, we explore the entire data set and find that the proposed scheme achieves the highest frame-level F1-scores when detecting T. aduncus whistles than the baseline schemes, with an improvement of more than 6%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Gang Qiao
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Huaying Zhang
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Songzuo Liu
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xu W, Qing X, Liu S, Yang D, Dong X, Zhang Y. Hollow Mesoporous Manganese Oxides: Application in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy. Small 2022; 18:e2106511. [PMID: 35043579 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The precision, minimal invasiveness, and integration of diagnosis and treatment are critical factors for tumor treatment at the present. Although nanomedicine has shown the potential in tumor precision treatment, nanocarriers with high efficiency, excellent targeting, controlled release, and good biocompatibility still need to be further explored. Hollow mesoporous manganese oxides nanomaterials (HM-MONs), as an efficient drug delivery carrier, have attracted substantial attention in applications of tumor diagnosis and therapy due to their unique properties, such as tumor microenvironment stimuli-responsiveness, prominent catalytic activity, excellent biodegradation, and outstanding magnetic resonance imaging ability. The HM-MONs can not only enhance the therapeutic efficiency but also realize multimodal diagnosis of tumors. Consequently, it is necessary to introduce applications based on HM-MONs in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this review, the representative progress of HM-MONs in synthesis is discussed. Then, several promising applications in drug delivery, bio-imaging, and bio-detection are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of the anticancer applications are summarized, which is expected to provide meaningful guidance on further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xin Qing
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shengli Liu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yu R, Chen CR, Evans D, Qing X, Gotesman M, Chandramohan G, Kallay T, Lin HJ, Pedigo TP. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency presenting with rhabdomyolysis in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2022; 16:106. [PMID: 35287717 PMCID: PMC8919902 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is a rarely recognized predisposing factor for rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis with coronavirus disease 2019 has been increasingly seen during the pandemic. We report the uncommon occurrence of coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia, severe rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal failure in the setting of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Case presentation A 19-year-old African American male presented with myalgias, diaphoresis, and dark urine. Testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was positive. He had severe rhabdomyolysis with creatine kinase levels up to 346,695 U/L. He was oliguric and eventually required hemodialysis. Progressive hypoxemia, methemoglobinemia, and hemolytic anemia occurred following one dose of rasburicase for hyperuricemia. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency was diagnosed. Full recovery followed a single volume exchange transfusion and simple packed red blood cell transfusions. Conclusions Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency may predispose individuals to rhabdomyolysis due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, presumably due to altered host responses to viral oxidative stress. Early screening for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency can be useful for management of patients with rhabdomyolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Yu
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W Carson St, Building N-25, Box 491, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Chien-Rong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Darci Evans
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W Carson St, Building N-25, Box 491, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Moran Gotesman
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Gangadarshni Chandramohan
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Kallay
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W Carson St, Building N-25, Box 491, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Henry J Lin
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Tiffany P Pedigo
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W Carson St, Building N-25, Box 491, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Bacterial infection has received substantial attention and poses a serious threat to human health. Although antibiotics can effectively fight against bacterial infection, the occurrence of antibiotic resistance has become increasingly serious in recent years, which tremendously hinders its clinical application. Consequently, it is urgent to explore novel strategies to achieve efficacious treatment of bacterial diagnosis and detection. Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanomaterial has been extensively reported in tumor therapy. Nevertheless, there are few antibacterial reviews of MnO2. Herein, we will discuss the applications of MnO2 in the detection and treatment of bacterial infection, including photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, improvement of hypoxia, dual-modal combination therapy, reactive oxygen species scavenging, magnetic resonance imaging, optical application of acoustic imaging, and so forth. This review is expected to provide meaningful guidance on further research of MnO2 nanomaterial for antibacterial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xu
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xin Qing
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Shengli Liu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhencheng Chen
- School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China. .,Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Qing X, Xu YL, Liu H, Liu XS. The influence of anesthesia and surgery on fear extinction. Neurosci Lett 2022; 766:136347. [PMID: 34808271 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated significant clinical post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after anesthesia or surgery. Fear extinction dysfunction is a notable feature of PTSD. Although anesthetics and surgery profoundly affect memory processes, their designated effects on fear extinction have not been dissertated. Previous studies have suggested that innate immune system activation disrupts fear extinction, and surgery has been shown to increase the inflammatory response. Thus, in the current study, we examined the effects of propofol, sevoflurane, dexmedetomidine and surgery on fear extinction in adolescent mice, and further tested whether dexmedetomidine could reverse the injury effect of surgery on fear extinction through its anti-inflammatory effects. Our results showed that propofol (200 mg/kg) impaired the acquisition and recall of cued fear extinction, and surgery disrupted cued fear extinction acquisition/recall and consolidation. In contrast to cued fear extinction, contextual fear extinction was not affected by propofol or surgery. Moreover, dexmedetomidine prevented surgery-induced impairment of cued extinction acquisition and recall but not consolidation. Finally, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex were not necessary for the dexmedetomidine treatment effect of surgery-induced fear extinction dysfunction. The study results showed that propofol and surgery selective impaired the cued fear extinction stage in adolescent mice, and dexmedetomidine may unleash a protective effect in preventing postoperative PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Yuan-Ling Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, China.
| | - Xue-Sheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li L, Qiao G, Liu S, Qing X, Zhang H, Mazhar S, Niu F. Automated classification of tursiops aduncus whistles based on a depth-wise separable convolutional neural network and data augmentation. J Acoust Soc Am 2021; 150:3861. [PMID: 34852567 DOI: 10.1121/10.0007291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Whistle classification plays an essential role in studying the habitat and social behaviours of cetaceans. We obtained six categories of sweep whistles of two Tursiops aduncus individual signals using the passive acoustic mornitoring technique over a period of eight months in the Xiamen area. First, we propose a depthwise separable convolutional neural network for whistle classification. The proposed model adopts the depthwise convolution combined with the followed point-by-point convolution instead of the conventional convolution. As a result, it brings a better classification performance in sample sets with relatively independent features between different channels. Meanwhile, it leads to less computational complexity and fewer model parameters. Second, in order to solve the problem of an imbalance in the number of samples under each whistle category, we propose a random series method with five audio augmentation algorithms. The generalization ability of the trained model was improved by using an opening probability for each algorithm and the random selection of each augmentation factor within specific ranges. Finally, we explore the effect of the proposed augmentation method on the performance of our proposed architecture and find that it enhances the accuracy up to 98.53% for the classification of Tursiops aduncus whistles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Gang Qiao
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Songzuo Liu
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Huaying Zhang
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Suleman Mazhar
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Fuqiang Niu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cai J, Ji P, Tomassetti S, Qing X. Abnormal eosinophils with immature eosinophilic granules in chronic myeloid leukemia in accelerated phase. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04783. [PMID: 34512985 PMCID: PMC8423131 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal eosinophils with immature eosinophilic granules are typically observed in acute myeloid leukemia with inv (16) (p13.1q22) or t (16;16) (p13.1;q22) but can also be seen in chronic myeloid leukemia without inv (16) or t (16;16).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Cai
- Department of PathologyHarbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of PathologyHarbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sarah Tomassetti
- Department of Internal MedicineHarbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCaliforniaUSA
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of PathologyHarbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Qing X, Xu W, Zong J, Du X, Peng H, Zhang Y. Emerging treatment modalities for systemic therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomark Res 2021; 9:64. [PMID: 34419152 PMCID: PMC8380325 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00319-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has long been a major global clinical problem as one of the most common malignant tumours with a high rate of recurrence and mortality. Although potentially curative therapies are available for the early and intermediate stages, the treatment of patients with advanced HCC remains to be resolved. Fortunately, the past few years have shown the emergence of successful systemic therapies to treat HCC. At the molecular level, HCC is a heterogeneous disease, and current research on the molecular characteristics of HCC has revealed numerous therapeutic targets. Targeted agents based on signalling molecules have been successfully supported in clinical trials, and molecular targeted therapy has already become a milestone for disease management in patients with HCC. Immunotherapy, a viable approach for the treatment of HCC, recognizes the antigens expressed by the tumour and treats the tumour using the immune system of the host, making it both selective and specific. In addition, the pipeline for HCC is evolving towards combination therapies with promising clinical outcomes. More drugs designed to focus on specific pathways and immune checkpoints are being developed in the clinic. It has been demonstrated that some drugs can improve the prognosis of patients with HCC in first- or second-line settings, and these drugs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration or are nearing approval. This review describes targeting pathways and systemic treatment strategies in HCC and summarizes effective targeted and immune-based drugs for patients with HCC and the problems encountered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jingjing Zong
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xuanlong Du
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zong J, Peng H, Qing X, Fan Z, Xu W, Du X, Shi R, Zhang Y. pH-Responsive Pluronic F127-Lenvatinib-Encapsulated Halogenated Boron-Dipyrromethene Nanoparticles for Combined Photodynamic Therapy and Chemotherapy of Liver Cancer. ACS Omega 2021; 6:12331-12342. [PMID: 34056385 PMCID: PMC8154152 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Combination therapy such as photodynamic therapy (PDT)-enhanced chemotherapy is regarded as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY), as close relatives of porphyrins, was widely used in PDT. However, poor water solubility, rapid metabolism by the body and lack of targeting limits its clinical application. Lenvatinib, as the first-line drug for molecular-targeted therapy of liver cancer, restricted its clinical application for its side effects. Herein, to achieve the synergy between PDT and chemotherapy, we synthesized two halogenated BODIPY, BDPBr2 and BDPCl2, which were prepared into self-assembly nanoparticles with lenvatinib, and were encapsulated with Pluronic F127 through the nanoprecipitation method, namely, LBPNPs (LBBr2 NPs and LBCl2 NPs). The fluorescence quantum yields of LBPNPs were 0.73 and 0.71, respectively. The calculated loading rates of lenvatinib for LBBr2 NPs and LBCl2 NPs were 11.8 and 10.2%, respectively. LBPNPs can be hydrolyzed under weakly acidic conditions (pH 5.0) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the release rate of lenvatinib reached 88.5 and 82.4%. Additionally, LBPNPs can be effectively taken up by Hep3B and Huh7 liver cancer cells, releasing halogenated BODIPY and lenvatinib in the acidic environment of tumor cells to enhance the targeting performance of chemotherapeutics. Compared with free lenvatinib and separate halogenated BODIPY, LBPNPs can inhibit tumor growth more effectively through pH-responsive chemo/photodynamic synergistic therapy and significantly promote the cascade of caspase apoptotic protease. This study shows that LBPNPs can be a promising nanotheranostic agent for synergetic chemo/photodynamic liver cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zong
- Department
of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department
of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department
of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhe Fan
- Department
of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- The
Third People’s Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Department
of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xuanlong Du
- Department
of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruihua Shi
- Department
of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Department
of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Han X, Qing X, Yang S, Li R, Zhan J, You Y, Huang W. Study on the diversity of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in Chinese wine regions and their potential in improving wine aroma by β-glucosidase activity analyses. Food Chem 2021; 360:129886. [PMID: 34000634 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This work investigated the diversity of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in main Chinese wine producing area, and discuss their potential in wine fermentation through analyzing their β-glucosidase activity. Grapes from 44 vineyards of 9 regions were detected and a total of 395 non-Saccharomyces were identified and categorized into 16 genera, 28 species. In which, 85 non-Saccharomyces yeasts were primarily screened based on pNPG method and Bradford method, and then evaluated by β-glucosidase environmental adaptability, substrate affinity and enzyme activity. Two selected strains were then inoculated individually or sequentially with commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae into Gewürztraminer grape juice to detect the physiochemical indexes by HPLC and aroma compound by HS-SPME/GC-MS-FID. The results showed both non-Saccharomyces sequential inoculations increased the total aroma content, while the Candida glabrata strain D18 significantly increased the typicality and complexity of the floral and fruity aroma in Gewürztraminer wines, demonstrated its potential in wine fermentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siyu Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruilong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yilin You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Qing X, Cai J, Rock A. Myelodysplastic syndrome in a 30-year-old man with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a diagnostic challenge. Autops Case Rep 2021; 11:e2021274. [PMID: 33968834 PMCID: PMC8087351 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2021.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) mainly occur in the elderly but can rarely affect younger individuals too. The correct diagnosis relies on careful morphologic evaluation, cytogenetic/molecular results, and excluding reactive conditions mimicking MDS. We present the clinical, pathologic, cytogenetic, and molecular features of a case of MDS with excess blasts-2 (MDS-EB-2) in a 30-year-old male who was found to have pancytopenia during his hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and discuss the diagnostic challenges of MDS in patients with COVID-19. Case presentation A 30-year-old man presented to an outside hospital with fever, chills, weakness, coughing spells, dizziness and shortness of breath and was diagnosed with bilateral pneumonia due to COVID-19. At the outside hospital, he was found to be pancytopenic, and a subsequent bone marrow aspiration and biopsy raised concern for a COVID-19 induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. In addition, MDS could not be ruled out. The patient was thus referred to our institute for further management. The patient’s peripheral blood showed pancytopenia with occasional dysplastic neutrophils and a few teardrop cells. Given the diagnostic uncertainty, a bone marrow aspiration and a biopsy were repeated revealing a hypercellular bone marrow with erythroid hyperplasia, megakaryocytic hyperplasia, trilineage dysplasia, increased blasts (13%), many ring sideroblasts, and mild to moderate myelofibrosis, consistent with MDS-EB-2. Chromosomal analysis revealed isochromosome 14. Next generation sequencing demonstrated SF3B1 K700E mutation. Discussion and conclusion The diagnosis of MDS can be challenging, particularly in young patients. Cytopenia and myelodysplastic features have been reported in COVID-19 patients, making the diagnosis of MDS more elusive. A careful pathologic examination of the bone marrow with ancillary studies including flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and cytogenetic and molecular studies in combination with a thorough clinical evaluation, leads to the accurate diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Cai
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Adam Rock
- Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Torrance, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dai Q, Jiang W, Liu H, Qing X, Wang G, Huang F, Yang Z, Wang C, Gu E, Zhao H, Zhang J, Liu X. Kupffer cell-targeting strategy for the protection of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:265101. [PMID: 33472187 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abde02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of rare earth upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and explore its possible mechanism. Hepatic IRI seriously affects the prognosis of patients undergoing liver surgery. Liver-resident Kupffer cells have been reported to promote IRI. Nanomedicines are known to be effective in the treatment of liver diseases, however, Kupffer cell-targeting nanomedicines for the treatment of IRI are yet to be developed. As potential bioimaging nanomaterials, UCNs have been found to specifically deplete Kupffer cells, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this study, we found that UCNs specifically depleted Kupffer cells by pyroptosis, while the co-administration of the caspase-1 inhibitor VX-765 rescued the UCN-induced Kupffer cell pyroptosis in mice. Furthermore, the pre-depletion of Kupffer cells by the UCNs significantly suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines and effectively improved hepatic IRI. The rescue of the pyroptosis of the Kupffer cells by VX-765 abrogated the protective effect of UCNs on the liver. These results suggest that UCNs are highly promising for the development of Kupffer cell-targeting nanomedicines for intraoperative liver protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Center, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, People's Republic of China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Center, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Center, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilai Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, People's Republic of China
| | - Erwei Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchuan Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Center, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiqian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ai JG, Qing X, Gao R, Liu HH, Xie ZZ, Li W, Wang TS, Tan GL. [Effect of endoscopic vidian neurectomy in patients with coexisting allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 55:452-457. [PMID: 32842358 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200429-00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of endoscopic vidian neurectomy (EVN) on outcomes in patients with coexisting refractory allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma, and to analyze its influence factor. Methods: Clinical data of 109 patients with moderate to severe persistent intractable AR and bronchial asthma who were allocated to the bilateral EVN group (surgery group, 70 cases) or conservative medication group (drug group, 39 cases) from 1 May 2008 to 30 April 2013 in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University were retrospectively analyzed, including 47 cases of male and 62 cases of female aged (32.7±6.8) years.Ninety-five patients were followed up for at least 3 years. The Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ), Total Asthma Symptom Score (TASS), forced expiratory volume in 1 second of predicted (FEV1) and medication scores were evaluated at 6 months, 1 year and 3 years after undergoing the initial treatments in the two groups. Multiple factor analysis was used to determine the factors influencing the improvement after EVN. Results: Postoperative scores of RQLQ were significantly lower than preoperative scores during follow-up in surgery group (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 2.39±0.61 (x±s), 0.81±0.43, 0.89±0.32, 1.06±0.24, respectively, all P<0.001). Postoperative scores of VAS were significantly lower than preoperative scores during follow-up in surgery group (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year,3 years after operation was 7.13±1.04, 2.52±1.47, 2.70±1.42, 2.85±1.64, respectively, all P<0.05). Scores of RQLQ and VAS in surgery group were significantly lower than those of drug group. Postoperative scores of AQLQ were significantly higher than preoperative scores during follow-up in surgery group (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 3.78±0.81, 4.99±0.45, 4.75±0.71, 4.62±0.64, respectively, all P<0.05), and were significantly higher than those of drug group. The TASS and FEV1 were not significantly changed in surgery group. The postoperative medication scores for AR were gradually reduced after surgery (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 0.99±0.21, 0.37±0.12, 0.39±0.26, 0.45±0.11, respectively, all P<0.05), and the postoperative medication scores for Asthma were gradually reduced after surgery too (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 1.27±0.31, 0.82±0.29, 0.85±0.23, 0.96±0.19, respectively, all P<0.05), and all the postoperative medication scores were significantly lower than those of drug group. At the end of the follow-up, the improvement rates for AR and asthma were 90.6% (58/64) and 45.3% (29/64), respectively. Asthma outcomes were significantly improved by controlling rhinitis symptoms in patients whose asthma attacks were induced by "rhinitis onset" or "climate change" . Conclusion: For patients with AR and bronchial asthma, EVN can significantly control AR symptoms, and improve asthma outcomes in patients whose asthma attacks are induced by rhinitis onset and/or climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Ai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - X Qing
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - R Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - H H Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Z Z Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - T S Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - G L Tan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Feng H, Shao W, Du L, Qing X, Zhang Z, Liang C, Liu D. Detection of SHOX2 DNA methylation by methylation-specific PCR in non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:6070-6077. [PMID: 35117218 PMCID: PMC8798032 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusions
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weipeng Shao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine and China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lanfang Du
- Department of Emergency, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Zhenrong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Deruo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jia Y, Byers J, Mason H, Qing X. Educational Case: Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type. Acad Pathol 2019; 6:2374289519893083. [PMID: 31840047 PMCID: PMC6902387 DOI: 10.1177/2374289519893083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, seehttp://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040.1
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jia
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Byers
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Holli Mason
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jia Y, Yue C, Bradford K, Qing X, Panosyan EH, Gotesman M. Novel ELANE Gene Mutation in a Newborn with Severe Congenital Neutropenia: Case Report and Literature Review. J Pediatr Genet 2019; 9:203-206. [PMID: 32714623 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3399523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Severe neutropenia is defined as an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of less than 0.5 × 10 9 /L. Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is an inborn disorder with maturation arrest of granulocytes due to various genetic abnormalities, which may lead to immunodeficiency. Among several associated genetic mutations, the variants or heterozygous mutations of the ELANE gene coding neutrophil elastase comprise approximately 50% of the genetic causes of SCN. We present a newborn (male) with severe neutropenia due to a novel ELANE gene mutation. The newborn was born at 38 6/7 weeks gestation to a 25-year-old mother with hypertension and morbid obesity. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated but the baby obtained a complete blood count (CBC) on day of life 2 for a work up of hyperbilirubinemia. He was noted to initially have an ANC of 0.2 × 10 9 /L and 0 on subsequent blood counts. A bone marrow biopsy showed a left shift and consistent with myeloid maturation arrest. In direct DNA sequencing analysis, we found an ELANE gene mutation (Val119Glu, V119E), which may be a new gene mutation to cause SCN. The diagnosis of SCN in newborns is usually based on neutropenia identified on a routine CBC. Sufficient awareness and high suspicion of this rare disease can prevent missed or delayed diagnosis of SCN. Our analysis also suggests a new pathological mutation in the ELANE gene and supports the important role of molecular testing in SCN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jia
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Changjun Yue
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Kathryn Bradford
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Eduard H Panosyan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Moran Gotesman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Qing X, White PR, Leighton TG, Liu S, Qiao G, Zhang Y. Three-dimensional finite element simulation of acoustic propagation in spiral bubble net of humpback whale. J Acoust Soc Am 2019; 146:1982. [PMID: 31590519 DOI: 10.1121/1.5126003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In 2004, Leighton hypothesized that the acoustic calls emitted by humpback whales when feeding using bubble nets, may enhance the effectiveness of the net in confining prey (such as herring) by forming a "wall of sound" with a quiet zone within. Modelling of the acoustics of this phenomenon was previously restricted to 2D; this paper conducts a 3D model of the propagation of signals resembling those emitted by humpback whales when bubble netting, projected into an upward spiral bubble net which data to date suggest is the accurate form for the bubble net in 3D space. In this study, the feeding calls were analyzed in the time-frequency domain to extract acoustic information sufficient to allow modeling of the resulting spatial distribution of acoustic pressure and particle velocity, and how they vary over the duration of the call. Sound propagation in the bubble net was described by using a linear steady-state formulation for an effective medium of bubbly water. Using the predicted attenuation, phase velocity and density in bubbly water, a 3D finite element model was constructed to numerically simulate the upward-spiral bubble net which consists of a mixture of bubbles that exhibit a range of radii. The acoustic pressure field and particle motion field were both calculated within the bubble net. The simulation results show that the energy of the whale feeding call could be effectively focused in the bubble net, generating intensive sound pressure and particle motion fields in the bubbly arm of the net, but with some "quiet" regions closer to the center of the net, as Leighton hypothesized. Furthermore, when the hearing ability of herring is taken into consideration, the results suggest that this acoustic focusing effect could be a plausible factor in trapping them in the bubble net. It also allows speculation on the possible enhancements that the time-varying nature of the call during feeding could give to the whale in this mechanism for the bubble net feeding by humpback whales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Paul R White
- Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy G Leighton
- Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Songzuo Liu
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Gang Qiao
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen, 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Feng H, Zhang Z, Qing X, French SW, Liu D. miR-186-5p promotes cell growth, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma by targeting PTEN. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 108:105-113. [PMID: 30981721 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the expression of miR-186-5p in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and its possible function associated with cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. METHODS MiR-186-5p expression levels in LUAD samples, human LUAD cell lines H1299 and NCI-H1975, and normal human lung epithelial cell line BEAS-IB were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). H1299 and NCI-H1975 cells were transfected with miR-186-5p mimic or miRNA negative control. CCK-8 assay was performed to evaluate the cell proliferation. Transwell assay and transwell-matrigel™ invasion assay were applied to assess the migration and invasion abilities of H1299 and NCI-H1975 cells. RESULTS miR-186-5p expression was significantly up-regulated in LUAD tumor tissues and LUAD cell lines as compared with tumor-adjacent tissues and normal human lung epithelial cells, respectively. MiR-186-5p overexpression remarkably promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of LUAD cells. Furthermore, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was a direct target of miR-186-5p verified by luciferase reporter assay. Overexpression of PTEN significantly suppressed LUAD cells to proliferate, migrate and invade. MiR-186-5p overexpression-induced LUAD cell phenotype could be partially rescued by co-overexpression of miR-186-5p and PTEN. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that miR-186-5p is up-regulated in LUAD, and functionally associated with cell proliferation, migration and invasion. MiR-186-5p promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of LUAD cells by targeting PTEN. MiR-186-5p may be utilized as a novel molecular marker and therapeutic target of LUAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhenrong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Samuel W French
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Deruo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ma Q, Liu Q, Cai Y, Shao J, He C, Qing X, Song Q, Deng F, Guo X. [Molecular genetic diagnosis of a carrier with rare α-thalassemia mutations]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2019; 36:368-370. [PMID: 30950028 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9406.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the cause of inconsistent genotypes for an α-thalassemia carrier by using two commercial genotyping kits. METHODS GAP-PCR and PCR-reverse dot blotting (PCR-RDB) were employed to determine the genotype of the carrier, while Sanger sequencing was used to verify the results. RESULTS Sequencing analysis demonstrated that the subject has carried a α1 globin gene with a 3.7 kb heterozygous deletion. In addition, two novel mutations, IVS-II-55(T>G) and IVS-II-119(G>TCGGCCC), were found in intron 2 of α2 globin gene. CONCLUSION The two mutations located in the binding regions of PCR primers have caused failure of PCR amplification and misreading of the genotype. Combination of clinical and hematological phenotypes is indispensible to infer the genotype of carriers for accurate diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory of the Affiliated Hospital, Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital, Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital, Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.
| | - Jianlan Shao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Cheng He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Qilin Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital, Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital, Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital, Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shanting M, Qing X. Adverse reaction and rational use of paracetamol tablets and its drug content detection based on spectral test. Pak J Pharm Sci 2018; 31:1743-1749. [PMID: 30203773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Paracetamol and amantadine hydrochloride tablet is a commonly used drug to relieve the common cold. Its main ingredient is 4-Acetamidophenol. The safety of acetaminophen containing cold drugs has attracted more and more attention in recent years. In order to promote the clinical safety of drugs, the adverse reaction and clinical application of acetaminophen drugs are analyzed in this paper. The adverse reactions induced by acetaminophen mainly include: allergic reaction (46.1%), liver and kidney injury (25%), blood system (15.7%) and digestive system (5.2%). At the same time, we tested the content of acetaminophen by using spectral test. It can be seen that the method can be extended to the quantitative analysis and quality control of the effective components of other compound drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Shanting
- Jingzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Yangtze University, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Byers JT, Qing X, Lo C, French SW, Ji P. Unilateral localized conjunctival amyloidosis in a patient with a history of contralateral orbit/eyelid lymphoma. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 104:151-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
46
|
Qing X, Qing A, Ji P, French SW, Mason H. Mixed phenotype (T/B/myeloid) extramedullary blast crisis as an initial presentation of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 104:130-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
47
|
Byers JT, Kurtz JL, Mendoza AS, Oster CD, Sun NCJ, Qing X, Cornford ME. An unusual presentation of primary pulmonary extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosal associated lymphoid tissue: An autopsy case report. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 104:155-157. [PMID: 29452080 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A 40 year old female with no documented medical history presented to the Emergency Department with several days of lethargy and altered mental status. She was found to be anemic, thrombocytopenic, and hypotensive. The patient was found to be in severe metabolic acidosis, became bradycardic, and quickly deteriorated. Clinicians suspected thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and the diagnosis was supported by ADAMTS13 testing. The clinicians attempted to place a Quinton catheter for emergent plasmapheresis, but the patient expired before definitive treatment could be initiated. Autopsy was obtained and revealed a right middle lobe consolidation grossly consistent with lymphoid tissue or tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Byers
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA, United States.
| | - Justin L Kurtz
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Alejandro S Mendoza
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Cyrus D Oster
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Nora C J Sun
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Marcia E Cornford
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Qiao G, Qing X, Feng W, Liu S, Nie D, Zhang Y. Elastic feature of cylindrical shells extraction in time-frequency domain using biomimetic dolphin click. J Acoust Soc Am 2017; 142:3787. [PMID: 29289082 DOI: 10.1121/1.5017835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A dolphin's biosonar may effectively discriminate subtle differences among targets. In order to investigate the possible physical mechanism of target discrimination, in this study, a finite element model excited by a biomimetic click pulse was proposed. The acoustic scattering field and stress distribution of a stainless steel shell were simulated. The biomimetic click experiments were then conducted to verify the theoretical predictions in an anechoic tank. The experimental results showed a good agreement with the model simulations. Furthermore, the elastic time-frequency features of three cylindrical shells with different wall thickness were obtained using a fractional Fourier transform filter to eliminate specular reflection and cross-term interference. To compare discrimination capacity of the time-frequency features with and without the specular reflection, a time-frequency correlator was applied to calculate the correlation coefficient between different shells. The results indicated that the time-frequency features can be represented in high resolution with less cross-term interference, and these features without specular reflection showed a good capacity to discriminate the shells with different wall thickness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Qiao
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Qing
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Songzuo Liu
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghu Nie
- Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Qing X, Panosyan E, Yue C, Ji P, Gotesman M, French S, Cai J. Therapy-related myeloid neoplasm in an 18-year-old boy with B-lymphoblastic leukemia. Exp Mol Pathol 2017; 103:263-266. [PMID: 29155023 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy. Acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome during the course of ALL is a rare entity. Some of these cases are therapy-related while the others occur due to lineage switch. The correct diagnosis relies on comparing the immunophenotypes and cytogenetic/molecular alterations of the myeloid neoplasm and the ALL. We present the clinical, pathologic and cytogenetic features of a case of an 18-year-old male with prior treatment for B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) who developed therapy-related myeloid neoplasm (t-MN) 4-5years after his initial diagnosis of B-ALL. CASE PRESENTATION A 13-year-old boy with no significant past medical history presented to Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (HUMC) in November 2012 with night sweats, fevers and chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, weakness, and weight loss. Peripheral blood flow cytometric analysis disclosed B-ALL. The blasts expressed CD10, CD19, CD22 (dim), CD34, CD38, HLA-DR, and TdT, and were negative for CD20, CD13, CD33, CD117, and cytoplasmic MPO. Chromosomal analysis and a supplemental fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study performed on the bone marrow aspirate showed an abnormal karyotype (47,XY,+X,del(9)(p21p21)[4]/46,XY[16]). He achieved remission after induction chemotherapy and remained in remission until March 2016 when bilateral testicular masses were noted. Biopsy of the left testicular mass showed relapsed B-ALL. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contained rare TdT-positive blasts, suggestive of minimal/early involvement by B-ALL. However, there was no evidence of acute leukemia in his bone marrow at this time. He was then treated with COG protocol AALL1331 randomized to blinatumomab arm and achieved second remission. In June 2017, the patient's peripheral blood smear showed 11% circulating monoblasts. By flow cytometry, the blasts expressed CD4, CD11b, CD13, CD15, CD33, CD38, CD56, and CD64. In addition, a few TdT-positive blasts were seen in his CSF cytospin smear. Bone marrow biopsy was subsequently performed which was consistent with evolving acute myeloid leukemia. A diagnosis of myeloid neoplasm, consistent with t-MN was made. Chromosomal analysis and FISH studies performed on his bone marrow aspirate showed normal karyotype (46,XY[20]), negative FISH result for deletion 9p21 locus, and positive KMT2A (MLL) rearrangement, respectively. Despite of chemotherapy, the patient died within one month after diagnosis. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Diagnosis of t-MN should be suspected in patients with a history of receiving cytotoxic agents and/or irradiation. In this case study, we diagnosed t-MN with KMT2A rearrangement in a patient with history of B-ALL with 9p deletion and gain of X chromosome. Unusual features associated with this case are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
| | - Eduard Panosyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Changjun Yue
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Moran Gotesman
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Samuel French
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Junchao Cai
- Foresight MedTech Research Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Pang X, Xu B, Qing X, Wei J, Yu Y. Photo-Induced Bending Behavior of Post-Crosslinked Liquid Crystalline Polymer/Polyurethane Blend Films. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39. [PMID: 28665501 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Photoresponsive blend films with post-crosslinked liquid crystalline polymer (CLCP) as a photosensitive component and flexible polyurethane (PU) as the matrix are successfully fabricated. After being uniaxially stretched, even at low concentration, the azobenzene-containing CLCP effectively transfers its photoresponsiveness to the photoinert PU matrix, resulting in the fast photo-induced bending behavior of whole blend film thanks to the effective dispersion of CLCP. Specifically, the blend film shows photo-induced deformations upon exposure to unpolarized UV light at ambient temperature. The film unbends after thermal treatment, and the randomly orientated mesogens in the film can be realigned by the mechanical stretching, which endows the film with a reversible deformation behavior. The photosensitive blend film possesses favorable mechanical property and good processability at low cost, and it is a promising candidate for a new generation of actuators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Pang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|