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Hu CC, Wu GH, Lai SF, Muthaiyan Shanmugam M, Hwu Y, Wagner OI, Yen TJ. Toxic Effects of Size-tunable Gold Nanoparticles on Caenorhabditis elegans Development and Gene Regulation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15245. [PMID: 30323250 PMCID: PMC6189128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33585-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We utilized size-tunable gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to investigate the toxicogenomic responses of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. We demonstrated that the nematode C. elegans can uptake Au NPs coated with or without 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA), and Au NPs are detectable in worm intestines using X-ray microscopy and confocal optical microscopy. After Au NP exposure, C. elegans neurons grew shorter axons, which may have been related to the impeded worm locomotion behavior detected. Furthermore, we determined that MUA to Au ratios of 0.5, 1 and 3 reduced the worm population by more than 50% within 72 hours. In addition, these MUA to Au ratios reduced the worm body size, thrashing frequency (worm mobility) and brood size. MTT assays were employed to analyze the viability of cultured C. elegans primary neurons exposed to MUA-Au NPs. Increasing the MUA to Au ratios increasingly reduced neuronal survival. To understand how developmental changes (after MUA-Au NP treatment) are related to changes in gene expression, we employed DNA microarray assays and identified changes in gene expression (e.g., clec-174 (involved in cellular defense), cut-3 and fil-1 (both involved in body morphogenesis), dpy-14 (expressed in embryonic neurons), and mtl-1 (functions in metal detoxification and homeostasis)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chih Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Gong-Her Wu
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Molecular & Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Feng Lai
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Muniesh Muthaiyan Shanmugam
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Molecular & Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Y Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Oliver I Wagner
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Molecular & Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Ta-Jen Yen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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Huang CF, Liang KS, Hsu TL, Lee TT, Chen YY, Yang SM, Chen HH, Huang SH, Chang WH, Lee TK, Chen P, Peng KE, Chen CC, Shi CZ, Hu YF, Margaritondo G, Ishikawa T, Wong CH, Hwu Y. Free-electron-laser coherent diffraction images of individual drug-carrying liposome particles in solution. Nanoscale 2018; 10:2820-2824. [PMID: 29362758 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09395k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using the excellent performances of a SACLA (RIKEN/HARIMA, Japan) X-ray free electron laser (X-FEL), coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) was used to detect individual liposome particles in water, with or without inserted doxorubicin nanorods. This was possible because of the electron density differences between the carrier, the liposome, and the drug. The result is important since liposome nanocarriers at present dominate drug delivery systems. In spite of the low cross-section of the original ingredients, the diffracted intensity of drug-free liposomes was sufficient for spatial reconstruction yielding quantitative structural information. For particles containing doxorubicin, the structural parameters of the nanorods could be extracted from CDI. Furthermore, the measurement of the electron density of the solution enclosed in each liposome provides direct evidence of the incorporation of ammonium sulphate into the nanorods. Overall, ours is an important test for extending the X-FEL analysis of individual nanoparticles to low cross-sectional systems in solution, and also for its potential use to optimize the manufacturing of drug nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Feng Huang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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Nazaretski E, Yan H, Lauer K, Bouet N, Huang X, Xu W, Zhou J, Shu D, Hwu Y, Chu YS. Design and performance of an X-ray scanning microscope at the Hard X-ray Nanoprobe beamline of NSLS-II. J Synchrotron Radiat 2017; 24:1113-1119. [PMID: 29091054 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577517011183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A hard X-ray scanning microscope installed at the Hard X-ray Nanoprobe beamline of the National Synchrotron Light Source II has been designed, constructed and commissioned. The microscope relies on a compact, high stiffness, low heat dissipation approach and utilizes two types of nanofocusing optics. It is capable of imaging with ∼15 nm × 15 nm spatial resolution using multilayer Laue lenses and 25 nm × 26 nm resolution using zone plates. Fluorescence, diffraction, absorption, differential phase contrast, ptychography and tomography are available as experimental techniques. The microscope is also equipped with a temperature regulation system which allows the temperature of a sample to be varied in the range between 90 K and 1000 K. The constructed instrument is open for general users and offers its capabilities to the material science, battery research and bioscience communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nazaretski
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - H Yan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - K Lauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - N Bouet
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - X Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - W Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - J Zhou
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - D Shu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Y Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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Lai SF, Ko BH, Chien CC, Chang CJ, Yang SM, Chen HH, Petibois C, Hueng DY, Ka SM, Chen A, Margaritondo G, Hwu Y. Gold nanoparticles as multimodality imaging agents for brain gliomas. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:85. [PMID: 26589283 PMCID: PMC4654925 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanoparticles can be used for targeted drug delivery, in particular for brain cancer therapy. However, this requires a detailed analysis of nanoparticles from the associated microvasculature to the tumor, not easy because of the required high spatial resolution. The objective of this study is to demonstrate an experimental solution of this problem, based in vivo and post-mortem whole organ imaging plus nanoscale 3-dimensional (3D) X-ray microscopy. Results The use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as contrast agents paved the way to a detailed high-resolution three dimensional (3D) X-ray and fluorescence imaging analysis of the relation between xenografted glioma cells and the tumor-induced angiogenic microvasculature. The images of the angiogenic microvessels revealed nanoparticle leakage. Complementary tests showed that after endocytotic internalization fluorescent AuNPs allow the visible-light detection of cells. Conclusions AuNP-loading of cells could be extended from the case presented here to other imaging techniques. In our study, they enabled us to (1) identify primary glioma cells at inoculation sites in mice brains; (2) follow the subsequent development of gliomas. (3) Detect the full details of the tumor-related microvasculature; (4) Finding leakage of AuNPs from the tumor-related vasculature, in contrast to no leakage from normal vasculature. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-015-0140-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Feng Lai
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
| | - Bai-Hung Ko
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Chi Chien
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Ju Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Ming Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang-Hsin Chen
- Inserm U1029 LMMA, University of Bordeaux, 33600, Pessac Cedex, France.
| | - Cyril Petibois
- Inserm U1029 LMMA, University of Bordeaux, 33600, Pessac Cedex, France.
| | - Dueng-Yuan Hueng
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan.
| | - Shuk-Man Ka
- Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan.
| | - Ann Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan.
| | - G Margaritondo
- School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Y Hwu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan. .,Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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Li MT, Wang CH, Lai SF, Ong EBL, Chen YH, Lin CK, Margaritondo G, Hwu Y. X-ray irradiation synthesis of PEG-coated Au-Pd nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2015; 26:355601. [PMID: 26245382 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/35/355601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the combination of x-ray irradiation and capping by polyethylene glycol (PEG) produces excellent flexibility in controlling the structure of Au-Pd nanoparticles while preserving their catalytic performance. We specifically adopted two different fabrication methods: co-reduction and seed-assisted reduction. In both cases, precursor composition plays an important role in controlling the phases and size of the bimetallic nanoparticles. The optimal catalytic performance is obtained with the highest Pd concentration and when the nanoparticles consist of a Au core and a Pd shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Tsang Li
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70100, Taiwan. Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Albertin F, Astolfo A, Stampanoni M, Peccenini E, Hwu Y, Kaplan F, Margaritondo G. Ancient administrative handwritten documents: X-ray analysis and imaging. J Synchrotron Radiat 2015; 22:446-451. [PMID: 25723946 PMCID: PMC4786057 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Handwritten characters in administrative antique documents from three centuries have been detected using different synchrotron X-ray imaging techniques. Heavy elements in ancient inks, present even for everyday administrative manuscripts as shown by X-ray fluorescence spectra, produce attenuation contrast. In most cases the image quality is good enough for tomography reconstruction in view of future applications to virtual page-by-page `reading'. When attenuation is too low, differential phase contrast imaging can reveal the characters from refractive index effects. The results are potentially important for new information harvesting strategies, for example from the huge Archivio di Stato collection, objective of the Venice Time Machine project.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Albertin
- Faculté des Sciences de Base, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Astolfo
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M. Stampanoni
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETHZ, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Peccenini
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory TekneHub, Technopole of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Y. Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - F. Kaplan
- Laboratoire d’Humanités Digitales, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - G. Margaritondo
- Faculté des Sciences de Base, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abstract
Au–Pd nanoparticles were produced without capping agents. The simple one-pot X-ray irradiation synthesis method yields excellent and flexibly controllable nanoparticles, and their catalytic performance is related to the Pd content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Tsang Li
- Institute of Physics
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
- Department of Engineering Science
| | | | - Sheng-Feng Lai
- Institute of Physics
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
- Department of Engineering Science
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- Institute of Physics
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
| | | | - Chung-Kwei Lin
- Department of Material Science and Engineering
- Feng-Jia University
- Taichung 407
- Taiwan
- School of Dental Technology
| | - G. Margaritondo
- Faculté des Scences de Base
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Y. Hwu
- Institute of Physics
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
- Department of Engineering Science
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8
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Lai SF, Tan HR, Tok ES, Chen YH, Ong EBL, Li MT, Chen YY, Chien FC, Chen P, Margaritondo G, Hwu Y. Optimization of gold nanoparticle photoluminescence by alkanethiolation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7954-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01229e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of photoluminescent Au nanoparticles was optimized by alkanethiolate coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Feng Lai
- Department of Engineering Science
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701
- Taiwan
- Institute of Physics
| | - Hui-Ru Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- Singapore 117602
- Singapore
| | - Eng Soon Tok
- Physics Department
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117542
- Singapore
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- Institute of Physics
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
| | | | - Min-Tsang Li
- Institute of Physics
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yun Chen
- Institute of Physics
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
| | - Fan-Ching Chien
- Department of Optics and Photonics
- National Central University
- Chun-Li 320
- Taiwan
| | - Peilin Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 115
- Taiwan
| | - G. Margaritondo
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Y. Hwu
- Department of Engineering Science
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701
- Taiwan
- Institute of Physics
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Tsai YL, Li CW, Hong TM, Ho JZ, Yang EC, Wu WY, Margaritondo G, Hsu ST, Ong EBL, Hwu Y. Firefly light flashing: oxygen supply mechanism. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:258103. [PMID: 25554910 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.258103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Firefly luminescence is an intriguing phenomenon with potential technological applications, whose biochemistry background was only recently established. The physics side of this phenomenon, however, was still unclear, specifically as far as the oxygen supply mechanism for light flashing is concerned. This uncertainty is due to the complex microscopic structure of the tracheal system: without fully knowing its geometry, one cannot reliably test the proposed mechanisms. We solved this problem using synchrotron phase contrast microtomography and transmission x-ray microscopy, finding that the oxygen consumption corresponding to mitochondria functions exceeds the maximum rate of oxygen diffusion from the tracheal system to the photocytes. Furthermore, the flashing mechanism uses a large portion of this maximum rate. Thus, the flashing control requires passivation of the mitochondria functions, e.g., by nitric oxide, and switching of the oxygen supply from them to photoluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Lin Tsai
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan and Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Li
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Tzay-Ming Hong
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Zon Ho
- Endemic Species Research Institute, Nantou 552, Taiwan
| | - En-Cheng Yang
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yen Wu
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - G Margaritondo
- Faculté des Sciences de Base, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Su-Ting Hsu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Edwin B L Ong
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Y Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Nazaretski E, Huang X, Yan H, Lauer K, Conley R, Bouet N, Zhou J, Xu W, Eom D, Legnini D, Harder R, Lin CH, Chen YS, Hwu Y, Chu YS. Design and performance of a scanning ptychography microscope. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:033707. [PMID: 24689592 DOI: 10.1063/1.4868968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have designed and constructed a dedicated instrument to perform ptychography measurements and characterization of multilayer Laue lenses nanofocusing optics. The design of the scanning microscope provides stability of components and minimal thermal drifts, requirements for nanometer scale spatial resolution measurements. We performed thorough laboratory characterization of the instrument in terms of resolution and thermal drifts with subsequent measurements at a synchrotron. We have successfully acquired and reconstructed ptychography data yielding 11 nm line focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nazaretski
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Yan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Lauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Conley
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Bouet
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Zhou
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Eom
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Legnini
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R Harder
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C-H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y-S Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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Tseng SJ, Kempson IM, Peng SF, Ke BH, Chen HH, Chen PF, Hwu Y. Environment acidity triggers release of recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 from a tunable matrix. J Control Release 2013; 170:252-8. [PMID: 23702235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Successful design of a pH responsive polyelectrolyte-based virus delivery matrix with extracellular release triggered by tumor acidosis has been achieved. Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) is loaded in the polyelectrolyte-based matrix (AAV2-matrix), which is formed by a biodegradable copolymer of poly(polyethylene glycol-1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole-dl-aspartic acid) with tuned pH response based on inclusion of polyethyleneimine (PEI(800)). Physico-chemical properties of AAV2-matrix are optimized to minimize cellular interactions until a tumor acidosis-like environment protonates the matrix, reverses ζ-potential and causes particles to swell, releasing the AAV2 virus. The pH-dependent release is highly controllable and potentially useful to optimize site specific viral delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Ja Tseng
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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12
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Chien C, Tseng P, Chen H, Hua T, Chen S, Chen Y, Leng W, Wang C, Hwu Y, Yin G, Liang K, Chen F, Chu Y, Yeh H, Yang Y, Yang C, Zhang G, Je J, Margaritondo G. Imaging cells and sub-cellular structures with ultrahigh resolution full-field X-ray microscopy. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:375-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Chien CC, Chen HH, Lai SF, Hwu Y, Petibois C, Yang CS, Chu Y, Margaritondo G. X-ray imaging of tumor growth in live mice by detecting gold-nanoparticle-loaded cells. Sci Rep 2012; 2:610. [PMID: 22934133 PMCID: PMC3429882 DOI: 10.1038/srep00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that sufficient concentrations of gold nanoparticles produced by an original synthesis method in EMT-6 and CT-26 cancer cells make it possible to detect the presence, necrosis and proliferation of such cells after inoculation in live mice. We first demonstrated that the nanoparticles do not interfere with the proliferation process. Then, we observed significant differences in the tumor evolution and the angiogenesis process after shallow and deep inoculation. A direct comparison with pathology optical images illustrates the effectiveness of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Chien
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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14
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Lai SF, Chien CC, Chen WC, Chen YY, Wang CH, Hwu Y, Yang CS, Margaritondo G. Size control of gold nanoparticles by intense X-ray irradiation: the relevant parameters and imaging applications. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20260c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Hu JCY, Seo BK, Neri QV, Rozenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Fields T, Neri QV, Monahan D, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Szkodziak P, Plewka K, Wozniak S, Czuczwar P, Mroczkowski A, Lorenzo Leon C, Hernandez J, Chinea Mendez E, Concepcion Lorenzo C, Sanabria Perez V, Puopolo M, Palumbo A, Toth B, Franz C, Montag M, Boing A, Strowitzki T, Nieuwland R, Griesinger G, Schultze-Mosgau A, Cordes T, Depenbusch M, Diedrich K, Vloeberghs V, Verheyen G, Camus M, Van de Velde H, Goossens A, Tournaye H, Coppola G, Di Caprio G, Wilding M, Ferraro P, Esposito G, Di Matteo L, Dale R, Coppola G, Dale B, Daoud S, Auger J, Wolf JP, Dulioust E, Lafuente R, Lopez G, Brassesco M, Hamad M, Montenarh M, Hammadeh M, Robles F, Magli MC, Crippa A, Pescatori E, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Zahiri M, Movahedin M, Mowla SJ, Noruzinia M, Crippa A, Ferraretti AP, Magli MC, Crivello AM, Robles F, Gianaroli L, Sermondade N, Dupont C, Hafhouf E, Cedrin-Durnerin I, Poncelet C, Benzacken B, Levy R, Sifer C, Ferfouri F, Boitrelle F, Clement P, Molina Gomes D, Bailly M, Selva J, Vialard F, Yaprak E, Basar M, Guzel E, Arda O, Irez T, Norambuena P, Krenkova P, Tuettelmann F, Kliesch S, Paulasova P, Stambergova A, Macek M, Macek M, Rivera R, Garrido-Gomez T, Galletero S, Meseguer M, Dominguez F, Garrido N, Mallidis C, Sanchez V, Weigeng L, Redmann K, Wistuba J, Gross P, Wuebbelling F, Fallnich C, Burger M, Kliesch S, Schlatt S, San Celestino Carchenilla M, Pacheco Castro A, Simon Sanjurjo P, Molinero Ballesteros A, Rubio Garcia S, Garcia Velasco JA, Macanovic B, Otasevic V, Korac A, Vucetic M, Garalejic E, Ivanovic Burmazovic I, Filipovic MR, Buzadzic B, Stancic A, Jankovic A, Velickovic K, Golic I, Markelic M, Korac B, Gosalvez J, Ruiz-Jorro M, Garcia-Ochoa C, Sachez-Martin P, Martinez-Moya M, Caballero P, Hasegawa N, Fukunaga N, Nagai R, Kitasaka H, Yoshimura T, Tamura F, Kato M, Nakayama K, Oono H, Kojima E, Yasue K, Watanabe H, Asano E, Hashiba Y, Asada Y, Das M, Al-Hathal N, San-Gabriel M, Phillips S, Kadoch IJ, Bissonnette F, Holzer H, Zini A, Zebitay AG, Irez T, Ocal P, Sahmay S, Karahuseyinoglu S, Usta T, Repping S, Silber S, Van Wely M, Datta A, Nayini K, Eapen A, Barlow S, Lockwood G, Tavares R, Baptista M, Publicover SJ, Ramalho-Santos J, Vaamonde D, Rodriguez I, Diaz A, Darr C, Chow V, Ma S, Smith R, Jeria F, Rivera J, Gabler F, Nicolai H, Cunha M, Viana P, Goncalves A, Silva J, Oliveira C, Teixeira da Silva J, Ferraz L, Madureira C, Doria S, Sousa M, Barros A, Herrero MB, Delbes G, Troueng E, Holzer H, Chan PTK, Vingris L, Setti AS, Braga DPAF, Figueira RCS, Iaconelli A, Borges E, Sargin Oruc A, Gulerman C, Zeyrek T, Yilmaz N, Tuzcuoglu D, Cicek N, Scarselli F, Terribile M, Franco G, Zavaglia D, Dente D, Zazzaro V, Riccio T, Minasi MG, Greco E, Cejudo-Roman A, Ravina CG, Candenas L, Gallardo-Castro M, Martin-Lozano D, Fernandez-Sanchez M, Pinto FM, Balasuriya A, Serhal P, Doshi A, Harper J, Romany L, Garrido N, Fernandez JL, Pellicer A, Meseguer M, Ribas-Maynou J, Garcia-Peiro A, Fernandez-Encinas A, Prada E, Jorda I, Cortes P, Llagostera M, Navarro J, Benet J, Kesici H, Cayli S, Erdemir F, Karaca Z, Aslan H, Karaca Z, Cayli S, Ocakli S, Kesici H, Erdemir F, Aslan H, Tas U, Ozdemir AA, Aktas RG, Tok OE, Ocakli S, Cayli S, Karaca Z, Erdemir F, Aslan H, Li S, Lu C, Hwu Y, Lee RK, Landaburu I, Gonzalvo MC, Clavero A, Ramirez JP, Pedrinaci S, Serrano M, Montero L, Carrillo S, Weiss J, Ortiz AP, Castilla JA, Sahin O, Bakircioglu E, Serdarogullari M, Bayram A, Yayla S, Ulug U, Tosun SB, Bahceci M, Aktas RG, Ozdemir AA, Tok OE, Yoon SY, Shin DH, Shin TE, Park EA, Won HJ, Kim YS, Lee WS, Yoon TK, Lee DR, Hattori H, Nakajo Y, Kyoya T, Kuchiki M, Kanto S, Kyono K, Park M, Park MR, Lim EJ, Lee WS, Yoon TK, Lee DR, Choi Y, Mitra A, Bhattacharya J, Kundu A, Mukhopadhaya D, Pal M, Enciso M, Alfarawati S, Wells D, Fernandez-Encinas A, Garcia-Peiro A, Ribas-Maynou J, Abad C, Amengual MJ, Navarro J, Benet J, Esmaeili V, Safiri M, Shahverdi AH, Alizadeh AR, Ebrahimi B, Brucculeri AM, Ruvolo G, Giovannelli L, Schillaci R, Cittadini E, Scaravelli G, Perino A, Cortes Gallego S, Gabriel Segovia A, Nunez Calonge R, Guijarro Ponce A, Ortega Lopez L, Caballero Peregrin P, Heindryckx B, Kashir J, Jones C, Mounce G, Ramadan WM, Lemmon B, De Sutter P, Parrington J, Turner K, Child T, McVeigh E, Coward K, Bakircioglu E, Ulug U, Tosun S, Serdarogullari M, Bayram A, Ciray N, Bahceci M, Saeidi S, Shapouri F, Hoseinifar H, Sabbaghian M, Pacey A, Aflatoonian R, Bosco L, Ruvolo G, Carrillo L, Pane A, Manno M, Roccheri MC, Cittadini E, Selles E, Garcia-Herrero S, Martinez JA, Munoz M, Meseguer M, Garrido N, Durmaz A, Dikmen N, Gunduz C, Tavmergen Goker E, Tavmergen E, Gozuacik D, Vatansever HS, Kara B, Calimlioglu N, Yasar P, Tavmergen E, Tavmergen Goker E, Semerci B, Baka M, Ozbilgin K, Karabulut A, Tekin A, Sabah B, Cottin V, Kottelat D, Fellmann M, Halm S, Rosenthaler E, Kisida T, Kojima F, Sakamoto T, Makutina VA, Balezin SL, Rosly OF, Slishkina TV, Hatzi E, Lazaros L, Xita N, Makrydimas G, Sofikitis N, Kaponis A, Stefos T, Zikopoulos K, Georgiou I, Zikopoulos K, Lazaros L, Xita N, Makrydimas G, Sofikitis N, Kaponis A, Stefos T, Hatzi E, Georgiou I, Georgiou I, Lazaros L, Xita N, Makrydimas G, Sofikitis N, Kaponis A, Stefos T, Hatzi E, Zikopoulos K, Hibi H, Ohori T, Sumitomo M, Asada Y, Anarte C, Calvo I, Domingo A, Presilla N, Aleman M, Bou R, Guardiola F, Agirregoikoa JA, De Pablo JL, Barrenetxea G, Zhylkova I, Feskov O, Feskova I, Zozulina O, Somova O, Nabi A, Khalili MA, Roudbari F, Parmegiani L, Cognigni GE, Bernardi S, Taraborrelli S, Troilo E, Ciampaglia W, Pocognoli P, Infante FE, Tabarelli de fatis C, Arnone A, Maccarini AM, Filicori M, Silva L, Oliveira JBA, Petersen CG, Mauri AL, Massaro FC, Cavagna M, Baruffi RLR, Franco JG, Fujii Y, Endou Y, Mtoyama H, Shokri S, Aitken RJ. ANDROLOGY. Hum Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/27.s2.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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16
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Chen TY, Chen YT, Wang CL, Kempson IM, Lee WK, Chu YS, Hwu Y, Margaritondo G. Full-field microimaging with 8 keV X-rays achieves a spatial resolutions better than 20 nm. Opt Express 2011; 19:19919-19924. [PMID: 21997000 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.019919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fresnel zone plates (450 nm thick Au, 25 nm outermost zone width) used as objective lenses in a full field transmission reached a spatial resolution better than 20 nm and 1.5% efficiency with 8 keV photons. Zernike phase contrast was also realized without compromising the resolution. These are very significant achievements in the rapid progress of high-aspect-ratio zone plate fabrication by combined electron beam lithography and electrodeposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Yu Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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17
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Lai SF, Chen WC, Wang CL, Chen HH, Chen ST, Chien CC, Chen YY, Hung WT, Cai X, Li E, Kempson IM, Hwu Y, Yang CS, Tok ES, Tan HR, Lin M, Margaritondo G. One-pot tuning of Au nucleation and growth: from nanoclusters to nanoparticles. Langmuir 2011; 27:8424-8429. [PMID: 21630657 DOI: 10.1021/la200861e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We describe a simple and effective method to obtain colloidal surface-functionalized Au nanoparticles. The method is primarily based on irradiation of a gold solution with high-flux X-rays from a synchrotron source in the presence of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA). Extensive tests of the products demonstrated high colloidal density as well as excellent stability, shelf life, and biocompatibility. Specific tests with X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectrometry, visible microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dark-field visible-light scattering microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that MUA, being an effective surfactant, not only allows tunable size control of the nanoparticles, but also facilitates functionalization. The nanoparticle sizes were 6.45 ± 1.58, 1.83 ± 1.21, 1.52 ± 0.37 and 1.18 ± 0.26 nm with no MUA and with MUA-to-Au ratios of 1:2, 1:1, and 3:1. The MUA additionally enabled functionalization with l-glycine. We thus demonstrated flexibility in controlling the nanoparticle size over a large range with narrow size distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Feng Lai
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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18
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Chien CC, Zhang G, Hwu Y, Liu P, Yue W, Sun J, Li Y, Xue H, Xu LX, Wang CH, Chen N, Lu CH, Lee TK, Yang YC, Lu YT, Ching YT, Shih TF, Yang PC, Je JH, Margaritondo G. Detecting small lung tumors in mouse models by refractive-index microradiology. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:827-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Chen YT, Chen TY, Yi J, Chu YS, Lee WK, Wang CL, Kempson IM, Hwu Y, Gajdosik V, Margaritondo G. Hard x-ray Zernike microscopy reaches 30 nm resolution. Opt Lett 2011; 36:1269-1271. [PMID: 21479054 DOI: 10.1364/ol.36.001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Since its invention in 1930, Zernike phase contrast has been a pillar in optical microscopy and more recently in x-ray microscopy, in particular for low-absorption-contrast biological specimens. We experimentally demonstrate that hard-x-ray Zernike microscopy now reaches a lateral resolution below 30 nm while strongly enhancing the contrast, thus opening many new research opportunities in biomedicine and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tung Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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20
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Wang CL, Hsao BJ, Lai SF, Chen WC, Chen HH, Chen YY, Chien CC, Cai X, Kempson IM, Hwu Y, Margaritondo G. One-pot synthesis of AuPt alloyed nanoparticles by intense x-ray irradiation. Nanotechnology 2011; 22:065605. [PMID: 21212491 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/6/065605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized AuPt alloyed nanoparticles in colloidal solution by a one-pot procedure based on synchrotron x-ray irradiation in the presence of PEG (polyethylene glycol). The exclusive presence of alloyed nanoparticles with fcc structure was confirmed by several different experiments including UV-vis spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The composition of the AuPt alloyed nanoparticles can be varied in a continuous fashion by simply varying the feed ratios of Au and Pt precursors. The nanoparticles exhibited colloidal stability and biocompatibility, important for potential applications.
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21
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Cai X, Wang CL, Chen HH, Chien CC, Lai SF, Chen YY, Hua TE, Kempson IM, Hwu Y, Yang CS, Margaritondo G. Tailored Au nanorods: optimizing functionality, controlling the aspect ratio and increasing biocompatibility. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:335604. [PMID: 20657043 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/33/335604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse gold nanorods with high aspect ratio were synthesized by x-ray irradiation. Irradiation was first used to stimulate the creation of seeds. Afterward, nanorod growth was stimulated either by chemical reduction or again by x-ray irradiation. In the last case, the entire process took place without reducing agents. The shape of the final products could be controlled by modulating the intensity of the x-ray irradiation during the seed synthesis. In turn, the nanorod aspect ratio determines the absorption wavelength of the nanorods that can thus be optimized for different applications. Likewise, the aspect ratio influences the uptake of the nanorods by HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Cai
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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22
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Chien CC, Wang CH, Wang CL, Li ER, Lee KH, Hwu Y, Lin CY, Chang SJ, Yang CS, Petibois C, Margaritondo G. Synchrotron microangiography studies of angiogenesis in mice with microemulsions and gold nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:2109-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3775-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2010] [Revised: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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23
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Liu CJ, Wang CH, Chen ST, Chen HH, Leng WH, Chien CC, Wang CL, Kempson IM, Hwu Y, Lai TC, Hsiao M, Yang CS, Chen YJ, Margaritondo G. Enhancement of cell radiation sensitivity by pegylated gold nanoparticles. Phys Med Biol 2010; 55:931-45. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/55/4/002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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24
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Huang FK, Chen WC, Lai SF, Liu CJ, Wang CL, Wang CH, Chen HH, Hua TE, Cheng YY, Wu MK, Hwu Y, Yang CS, Margaritondo G. Enhancement of irradiation effects on cancer cells by cross-linked dextran-coated iron oxide (CLIO) nanoparticles. Phys Med Biol 2009; 55:469-82. [PMID: 20023329 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/55/2/009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated iron oxide nanoparticles with two different surface modifications, dextran coating and cross-linked dextran coating, showing that their different internalization affects their capability to enhance radiation damage to cancer cells. The internalization was monitored with an ultrahigh resolution transmission x-ray microscope (TXM), indicating that the differences in the particle surface charge play an essential role and dominate the particle-cell interaction. We found that dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles cannot be internalized by HeLa and EMT-6 cells without being functionalized with amino groups (the cross-linked dextran coating) that modify the surface potential from -18 mV to 13.4 mV. The amount of cross-linked dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles uptaken by cancer cells reached its maximum, 1.33 x 10(9) per HeLa cell, when the co-culture concentration was 40 microg Fe mL(-1) or more. Standard tests indicated that these internalized nanoparticles increased the damaging effects of x-ray irradiation, whereas they are by themselves biocompatible. These results could lead to interesting therapy applications; furthermore, iron oxide also produces high contrast for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and therapy stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Kuo Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123, University Rd, Sec. 3, Douliu, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan, Republic of China
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25
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Liu CJ, Wang CH, Wang CL, Hwu Y, Lin CY, Margaritondo G. Simple dose rate measurements for a very high synchrotron X-ray flux. J Synchrotron Radiat 2009; 16:395-397. [PMID: 19395805 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049509007225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dose measurements based on methylene blue (MB) bleaching, widely used for ultraviolet light, can also be applied to X-rays including very high flux levels. This method has been tested by using both MB bleaching and Fricke dosimetry for a conventional monochromatic X-ray source and then for 'white-beam' synchrotron radiation. The results show that MB bleaching dosimetry can easily measure X-ray doses up to at least 10(5) Gy s(-1), as long as the MB concentration is sufficiently high. This condition can be verified from the deviations from linearity of the bleaching versus exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jen Liu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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26
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Weon BM, Je JH, Hwu Y, Margaritondo G. A coherent synchrotron X-ray microradiology investigation of bubble and droplet coalescence. J Synchrotron Radiat 2008; 15:660-662. [PMID: 18955775 PMCID: PMC2573953 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049508025363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Accepted: 08/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative application of microradiology with coherent X-rays to the real-time study of microbubble and microdroplet coalescence phenomena, with specific emphasis on the size relations in three-body events, is presented. The results illustrate the remarkable effectiveness of coherent X-ray imaging in delineating interfaces in multiphase systems, in accurately measuring their geometric properties and in monitoring their dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. M. Weon
- X-ray Imaging Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - J. H. Je
- X-ray Imaging Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Y. Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G. Margaritondo
- Ecole Polytechnique Fádárale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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27
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Liu CJ, Wang CH, Chien CC, Yang TY, Chen ST, Leng WH, Lee CF, Lee KH, Hwu Y, Lee YC, Cheng CL, Yang CS, Chen YJ, Je JH, Margaritondo G. Enhanced x-ray irradiation-induced cancer cell damage by gold nanoparticles treated by a new synthesis method of polyethylene glycol modification. Nanotechnology 2008; 19:295104. [PMID: 21730596 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/29/295104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We explored a very interesting gold nanoparticle system-pegylated gold in colloidal solution-and analyzed its uptake by mice colorectal adenocarcinoma CT26 tumor cells and the impact on the cell's response to x-ray irradiation. We found that exposure to polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified ('pegylated') 4.7 ± 2.6 nm gold nanoparticles synthesized by a novel synchrotron-based method enhances the response of CT26 cells to x-ray irradiation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal microscopy revealed that substantial amounts of such nanoparticles are taken up and absorbed by the cells and this conclusion is supported by quantitative induced coupled plasma (ICP) results. Standard tests indicated that the internalized particles are highly biocompatible but strongly enhance the cell damage induced by x-ray irradiation. Synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) spectromicroscopy analyzed the chemical aspects of this phenomenon: the appearance of C = O stretching bond spectral features could be used as a marker for cell damage and confirmed the enhancement of the radiation-induced toxicity for cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jen Liu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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28
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Tsukahara M, Mitrovic S, Gajdosik V, Margaritondo G, Pournin L, Ramaioli M, Sage D, Hwu Y, Unser M, Liebling TM. Coupled tomography and distinct-element-method approach to exploring the granular media microstructure in a jamming hourglass. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2008; 77:061306. [PMID: 18643256 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.061306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2007] [Revised: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe an approach for exploring microscopic properties of granular media that couples x-ray microtomography and distinct-element-method (DEM) simulations through image analysis. We illustrate it via the study of the intriguing phenomenon of instant arching in an hourglass (in our case a cylinder filled with a polydisperse mixture of glass beads that has a small circular shutter in the bottom). X-ray tomography provides three-dimensional snapshots of the microscopic conditions of the system both prior to opening the shutter, and thereafter, once jamming is completed. The process time in between is bridged using DEM simulation, which settles to positions in remarkably good agreement with the x-ray images. Specifically designed image analysis procedures accurately extract the geometrical information, i.e., the positions and sizes of the beads, from the raw x-ray tomographs, and compress the data representation from initially 5 gigabytes to a few tens of kilobytes per tomograph. The scope of the approach is explored through a sensitivity analysis to input data perturbations in both bead sizes and positions. We establish that accuracy of size--much more than position--estimates is critical, thus explaining the difficulty in considering a mixture of beads of different sizes. We further point to limits in the replication ability of granular flows away from equilibrium; i.e., the difficulty of numerically reproducing chaotic motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tsukahara
- Mathematics Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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29
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Abstract
We discovered that intense irradiation by hard-x-ray strongly decreases the effects of natural surface tension of water in droplets and capillary tubes. The effect was revealed by direct experimental observations with phase contrast microradiology. A model based on ionization and surface charging explains this so far undetected phenomenon. The effect can impact the results of many experimental techniques based on x rays. This is an example of the largely unexplored effects that can be produced by extreme intense x-ray irradiation-an important issue due to current development of x-ray free-electron-lasers with unprecedented brilliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Weon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
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30
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Chen YT, Lo TN, Chiu CW, Wang JY, Wang CL, Liu CJ, Wu SR, Jeng ST, Yang CC, Shiue J, Chen CH, Hwu Y, Yin GC, Lin HM, Je JH, Margaritondo G. Fabrication of high-aspect-ratio Fresnel zone plates by e-beam lithography and electroplating. J Synchrotron Radiat 2008; 15:170-175. [PMID: 18296784 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049507063510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Accepted: 11/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of gold Fresnel zone plates, by a combination of e-beam lithography and electrodeposition, with a 30 nm outermost zone width and a 450 nm-thick structure is described. The e-beam lithography process was implemented with a careful evaluation of applied dosage, tests of different bake-out temperatures and durations for the photoresist, and the use of a developer without methylisobutylketone. Electrodeposition with a pulsed current mode and with a specially designed apparatus produced the desired high-aspect-ratio nanostructures. The fabricated zone plates were examined by electron microscopy and their performances were assessed using a transmission X-ray microscope. The results specifically demonstrated an image resolution of 40 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Wang CH, Chien CC, Yu YL, Liu CJ, Lee CF, Chen CH, Hwu Y, Yang CS, Je JH, Margaritondo G. Structural properties of naked gold nanoparticles formed by synchrotron X-ray irradiation. J Synchrotron Radiat 2007; 14:477-482. [PMID: 17960029 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049507044743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The formation of colloidal unmodified (naked) gold nanoparticles is investigated by irradiation of a precursor solution with X-rays from a synchrotron source. An interesting morphological evolution as a function of exposure time, from cross-linked network-like structure to individual particles, has been discovered. The particle size decreased with the exposure time and was influenced by the ionic strength of the precursor solution. Contrary to gamma-ray exposure, an OH radical scavenger was not required for cluster formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hai Wang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
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32
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Yi JM, Chu YS, Zhong Y, Je JH, Hwu Y, Margaritondo G. X-ray bright-field imaging analyzes crystalline quality and defects of SiC wafers. J Appl Crystallogr 2007. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889806055683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A new variety of the recently developed technique `X-ray bright-field imaging' is presented. In its basic version, this approach simultaneously yields diffraction-based information on lattice distortions and radiographic information on structural inhomogeneities, and is based on the detection of reversed diffraction contrast in transmission images. The new version extends the scope of the technique to the quantitative analysis of crystalline quality parameters such as the lattice plane curvature and mosaic distribution in SiC wafers, and makes it possible to correlate such parameters directly with defect (distortions/inhomogeneities) structures.
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Lo TN, Chen YT, Liu CJ, Chang WD, Lai TY, Wu HJ, Lin IK, Su CI, Shew BY, Je JH, Margaritondo G, Hwu Y. Using E-Beam and X-Ray Lithography Techniques to Fabricate Zone Plates for Hard X-ray. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2436341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Chien CC, Wang CH, Hua TE, Tseng PY, Yang TY, Hwu Y, Chen YJ, Chung KH, Je JH, Margaritondo G. Synchrotron X-Ray Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles for Tumor Therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2436445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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35
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Koh SB, Suh SI, Lee DH, Kim AR, Oh CH, Yoon JS, Weon BM, Seol SK, Pyun AR, Je JH, Hwu Y, Margaritondo G. Phase contrast radiography of Lewy bodies in Parkinson disease. Neuroimage 2006; 32:566-9. [PMID: 16766209 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.04.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Revised: 02/23/2006] [Accepted: 04/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), defined as a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of Lewy bodies in neurons. Morphological study of Lewy bodies is important to identify the causes and the processes of PD. Here, we investigate a possibility of phase contrast radiography using coherent synchrotron X-rays to explore the microscopic details of Lewy bodies in thick (approximately 3 mm) midbrain tissues. Autopsied midbrain tissues of a PD patient were sliced in 3 mm thickness and then examined using synchrotron X-rays from the 7B2 beamline of the Pohang Light Source. Refraction-enhanced phase contrast radiography and microtomography were adopted to identify dark core and dim edge of Lewy bodies in neurons. The morphology of Lewy bodies was clearly revealed by the phase contrast radiography in very thick (3 mm) midbrain tissues without any staining treatment. Three-dimensional volume rendered microtomography of the autopsied midbrain tissues demonstrates striking evidence that several Lewy bodies are agglomerated by dim edges in a neuron. We suggest that the phase contrast radiography could be a useful tool to morphologically investigate the causes or the processes in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Koh
- Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea.
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36
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Kim JW, Seo HS, Hwu Y, Je JH, Kim A, Oh CW, Suh SY, Rha SW, Park CG, Oh DJ. In vivo real-time vessel imaging and ex vivo 3D reconstruction of atherosclerotic plaque in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice using synchrotron radiation microscopy. Int J Cardiol 2006; 114:166-71. [PMID: 16831476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2005] [Revised: 11/08/2005] [Accepted: 12/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, imaging the vascular wall and pathology without tissue damage is required. We used the unmonochromatized synchrotron X-ray to acquire in vivo real-time and ex vivo images of atherosclerotic lesions in apo E-knockout mice without contrast agents or staining. METHODS In the five apo E-knockout mice (apo E-/-, 12, 24, 32, 48, 62-week-old, 3 males) and age/sex matched five wild type mice on cow diets, we acquired in vivo real-time images of thoracic aorta without contrast agents and then, the central arterial trees were dissected intact. Ex vivo synchrotron images with tomographic reconstruction were done and compared with the corresponding pathology. RESULTS For all living animals, in vivo real-time images of thoracic aorta could be acquired without contrast agents but could not identify the atherosclerotic lesions. Ex vivo images accurately determined aortic wall and atherosclerotic plaque without staining in comparison to histopathology according to the AHA classification (r=0.84, p<0.001). The volume rendered 3 D images of plaque showed central cholesterol clefts as matched with optical images. CONCLUSIONS The combination of synchrotron enhanced X-ray microscopy and genetically engineered hyperlipidemic animals would be a useful tool to investigate the changes of advanced atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Won Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Korea University, Guro Hospital, 80 Ga Guro Dong, Guro GU, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea
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Abstract
Coherent x-rays from synchrotron sources are increasingly used in non-conventional radiological techniques ('phase-contrast' radiology). Our experiments demonstrate that by using white (unmonochromatic) radiation and a time-resolving system, it is possible to image microscopic details of moving blood vessels in different live animals without using any contrast agent. The images have excellent contrast plus unprecedented spatial resolution for microangiography (< 10 microm). This result is likely to impact many different areas of biological and medical research and of diagnostic radiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Rd, Nankang. Taipei, Taiwan
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38
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Hwu Y, Tsai WL, Chang HM, Yeh HI, Hsu PC, Yang YC, Su YT, Tsai HL, Chow GM, Ho PC, Li SC, Moser HO, Yang P, Seol SK, Kim CC, Je JH, Stefanekova E, Groso A, Margaritondo G. Imaging cells and tissues with refractive index radiology. Biophys J 2004; 87:4180-7. [PMID: 15465870 PMCID: PMC1304927 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.103.034991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Can individual cells, including live cells, be imaged using hard x rays? Common wisdom until now required sophisticated staining techniques for this task. We show instead that individual cells and cell details can be detected in culture solution and tissues with no staining and no other contrast-enhancing preparation. The sample examined can be much thicker than for many other microscopy techniques without sacrificing the capability to resolve cells. The key factor in our approach is the use of a coherent synchrotron source and of contrast mechanisms based on the refractive index. The first successful tests were conducted on a variety of cell systems including skin and internal leaf cells, mouse neurons, rabbit fibroblast cells, and human tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wurmehl S, Fecher GH, Kandpal HC, Kroth K, Elmers HJ, Schönhense G, Felser C, Morais J, Hwu Y, Klauser R. Charakterisierung von dotierten Heusler-Verbindungen: Co2Cr1−xFexAl. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200470154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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40
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Tsai WL, Hsu PC, Hwu Y, Chen CH, Chang LW, Je JH, Lin HM, Groso A, Margaritondo G. Electrochemistry: building on bubbles in metal electrodeposition. Nature 2002; 417:139. [PMID: 12000951 DOI: 10.1038/417139a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In the electrodeposition of metals, a widely used industrial technique, bubbles of gas generated near the cathode can adversely affect the quality of the metal coating. Here we use phase-contrast radiology with synchrotron radiation to witness directly and in real time the accumulation of zinc on hydrogen bubbles. This process explains the origin of the bubble-shaped defects that are common in electrodeposited coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Tsai
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Faraci G, Pennisi AR, Hwu Y. Anomalous branching ratio of the Cs 4d doublet in submonolayer depositions. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:4515-4518. [PMID: 9986410 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.4515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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44
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Noh DY, Hwu Y, Kim HK, Hong M. X-ray-scattering studies of the interfacial structure of Au/GaAs. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 51:4441-4448. [PMID: 9979289 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.4441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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45
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dell'Orto T, Capozi M, Ottaviani C, Quaresima C, Perfetti P, Hwu Y, Margaritondo G. Temperature dependence of the heterojunction band offset: Si on InP(110). Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 48:8035-8039. [PMID: 10006992 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.8035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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Hwu Y, Lozzi L, Onellion M, Alméras P, Gozzo F, Lévy F, Berger H, Margaritondo G. Reply to "Lifetime broadening in bulk photoemission spectroscopy". Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 48:624-625. [PMID: 10006825 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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47
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Coluzza C, Berger H, Alméras P, Gozzo F, Margaritondo G, Indlekofer G, Forro L, Hwu Y. High-resolution tests of low-dimensionality effects in photoemission. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 47:6625-6629. [PMID: 10004632 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.6625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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48
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Hwu Y, Alméras P, Marsi M, Berger H, Lévy F, Grioni M, Malterre D, Margaritondo G. Photoemission near the Fermi energy in one dimension. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1992; 46:13624-13626. [PMID: 10003416 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.13624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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50
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Ortega J, García-Vidal FJ, Pérez R, Rincón R, Flores F, Coluzza C, Gozzo F, Margaritondo G, Hwu Y, Lozzi L. Early stages of Schottky-barrier formation for Al deposited on GaAs(110). Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1992; 46:10277-10283. [PMID: 10002872 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.10277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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