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Gumz ML, Shimbo D, Abdalla M, Balijepalli RC, Benedict C, Chen Y, Earnest DJ, Gamble KL, Garrison SR, Gong MC, Hogenesch JB, Hong Y, Ivy JR, Joe B, Laposky AD, Liang M, MacLaughlin EJ, Martino TA, Pollock DM, Redline S, Rogers A, Dan Rudic R, Schernhammer ES, Stergiou GS, St-Onge MP, Wang X, Wright J, Oh YS. Toward Precision Medicine: Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure and Chronotherapy for Hypertension - 2021 NHLBI Workshop Report. Hypertension 2023; 80:503-522. [PMID: 36448463 PMCID: PMC9931676 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Healthy individuals exhibit blood pressure variation over a 24-hour period with higher blood pressure during wakefulness and lower blood pressure during sleep. Loss or disruption of the blood pressure circadian rhythm has been linked to adverse health outcomes, for example, cardiovascular disease, dementia, and chronic kidney disease. However, the current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches lack sufficient attention to the circadian rhythmicity of blood pressure. Sleep patterns, hormone release, eating habits, digestion, body temperature, renal and cardiovascular function, and other important host functions as well as gut microbiota exhibit circadian rhythms, and influence circadian rhythms of blood pressure. Potential benefits of nonpharmacologic interventions such as meal timing, and pharmacologic chronotherapeutic interventions, such as the bedtime administration of antihypertensive medications, have recently been suggested in some studies. However, the mechanisms underlying circadian rhythm-mediated blood pressure regulation and the efficacy of chronotherapy in hypertension remain unclear. This review summarizes the results of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop convened on October 27 to 29, 2021 to assess knowledge gaps and research opportunities in the study of circadian rhythm of blood pressure and chronotherapy for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Gumz
- Department of Physiology and Aging; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (M.L.G.)
| | - Daichi Shimbo
- Department of Medicine, The Columbia Hypertension Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY (D.S.)
| | - Marwah Abdalla
- Department of Medicine, Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY (M.A.)
| | - Ravi C Balijepalli
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD (R.C.B., Y.H., J.W., Y.S.O.)
| | - Christian Benedict
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Molecular Neuropharmacology, Uppsala University, Sweden (C.B.)
| | - Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Research Department, Birmingham VA Medical Center, AL (Y.C.)
| | - David J Earnest
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX (D.J.E.)
| | - Karen L Gamble
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL (K.L.G.)
| | - Scott R Garrison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Canada (S.R.G.)
| | - Ming C Gong
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (M.C.G.)
| | | | - Yuling Hong
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD (R.C.B., Y.H., J.W., Y.S.O.)
| | - Jessica R Ivy
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (J.R.I.)
| | - Bina Joe
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, OH (B.J.)
| | - Aaron D Laposky
- National Center on Sleep Disorders Research, Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD (A.D.L.)
| | - Mingyu Liang
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (M.L.)
| | - Eric J MacLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX (E.J.M.)
| | - Tami A Martino
- Center for Cardiovascular Investigations, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada (T.A.M.)
| | - David M Pollock
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL (D.M.P.)
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.R.)
| | - Amy Rogers
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, United Kingdom (A.R.)
| | - R Dan Rudic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, GA (R.D.R.)
| | - Eva S Schernhammer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.S.S.)
| | - George S Stergiou
- Hypertension Center, STRIDE-7, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece (G.S.S.)
| | - Marie-Pierre St-Onge
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center' New York, NY (M.-P.S.-O.)
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Medicine, Augusta University, GA (X.W.)
| | - Jacqueline Wright
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD (R.C.B., Y.H., J.W., Y.S.O.)
| | - Young S Oh
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD (R.C.B., Y.H., J.W., Y.S.O.)
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Uzzan M, Bouhnik Y, Abreu M, Ahmad HA, Adsul S, Carlier H, Dubinsky M, Germinaro M, Jairath V, Modesto I, Mortensen E, Narula N, Neimark E, Oortwijn A, Protic M, Rubin DT, Oh YS, Wichary J, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Reinisch W. Declining enrolment and other challenges in IBD clinical trials: Causes and potential solutions. J Crohns Colitis 2023:7026239. [PMID: 36738443 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rates of enrolment in clinical trial in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have decreased dramatically in recent years. This leads to delays, increased costs, and failures to develop novel treatments. AIMS The aim of this work is to describe the current bottlenecks of IBD clinical trial enrolment and propose solutions. METHODS A taskforce comprised of experienced IBD clinical trialists from academic centers and pharmaceutical companies involved in IBD clinical research predefined the 4 following levels: 1) study design; 2) investigative center; 3) physician; 4) patient. At each level, the taskforce collectively explored the reasons for declining enrolment rates and generated an inventory of potential solutions. RESULTS The main reasons identified included the overall increased demands for trials, the high screen failure rates, particularly in CD, partly due to the lack of correlation between clinical and endoscopic activity, and the use of complicated endoscopic scoring systems not reflective of the totality of inflammation. In addition, complex trial protocols with restrictive eligibility criteria, increasing burden of procedures and administrative tasks enhances the need for qualified resources in study coordination. At the physician level, lack of dedicated time and training is crucial. From patients' perspective, long wash-out periods from previous medications and protocol requirements not reflecting clinical practice, such as prolonged steroids management and placebo exposures limit their participation in clinical trials. CONCLUSION This joint effort is proposed as the basis for profound clinical trial transformation triggered by investigative centers, contract research organizations (CROs), sponsors, and regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Uzzan
- Paris Est Créteil University UPEC, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Henri Mondor Hospital, Gastroenterology department, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire TRUE InnovaTive theRapy for immUne disordErs, Créteil F-94010, France
| | - Yoram Bouhnik
- Paris IBD Center, Groupe hospitalier Ambroise Paré - Hartmann 25-27 boulevard Victor Hugo, 92200 Neuilly sur Seine, France
| | | | | | - Shashi Adsul
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AG, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hilde Carlier
- Eli Lilly and company, Global Immunology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marla Dubinsky
- Susan and Leonard Feinstein IBD Center, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, NY
| | | | - Vipul Jairath
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatsistics, Western University, London, Canada; Alimentiv
| | | | | | - Neeraj Narula
- Department of Medicine (Division of Gastroenterology) and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute; McMaster University, Hamilton ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Marijana Protic
- Eli Lilly and company, International Business Unit, Vernier/Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David T Rubin
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Young S Oh
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 900 Ridgebury Rd, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA
| | | | | | - Walter Reinisch
- Medizinische Universität Wien Klinische Abt. Gastroenterologie & Hepatologie, AKH Wien Arbeitsgruppe Chronisch Entzündliche Darmerkrankungen (CED) Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Wien
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3
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Grant MG, Pratt C, Wong RP, Addou E, Desvigne-Nickens P, Campo RA, Donze LF, Barnes VI, Schopfer DW, Jaquish CE, Fleg J, Galis ZS, Fenton K, Oh YS, Hong Y, Chen J, Wang W, Fine L, Goff DC. Implementing the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Strategic Vision in the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences-2022 Update. Circ Res 2022; 131:713-724. [PMID: 36173825 PMCID: PMC9757122 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Spurred by the 2016 release of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Strategic Vision, the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences developed its Strategic Vision Implementation Plan-a blueprint for reigniting the decline in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates, improving health equity, and accelerating translation of scientific discoveries into better cardiovascular health (CVH). The 6 scientific focus areas of the Strategic Vision Implementation Plan reflect the multifactorial nature of CVD and include (1) addressing social determinants of CVH and health inequities, (2) enhancing resilience, (3) promoting CVH and preventing CVD across the lifespan, (4) eliminating hypertension-related CVD, (5) reducing the burden of heart failure, and (6) preventing vascular dementia. This article presents an update of strategic vision implementation activities within Division of Cardiovascular Sciences. Overarching and cross-cutting themes include training the scientific workforce and engaging the extramural scientific community to stimulate transformative research in cardiovascular sciences. In partnership with other NIH Institutes, Federal agencies, industry, and the extramural research community, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences strategic vision implementation has stimulated development of numerous workshops and research funding opportunities. Strategic Vision Implementation Plan activities highlight innovative intervention modalities, interdisciplinary systems approaches to CVD reduction, a life course framework for CVH promotion and CVD prevention, and multi-pronged research strategies for combatting COVID-19. As new knowledge, technologies, and areas of scientific research emerge, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences will continue its thoughtful approach to strategic vision implementation, remaining poised to seize emerging opportunities and catalyze breakthroughs in cardiovascular sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan G. Grant
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Charlotte Pratt
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Renee P. Wong
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ebyan Addou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Patrice Desvigne-Nickens
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Rebecca A. Campo
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Laurie Friedman Donze
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Vanessa I. Barnes
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - David W. Schopfer
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Cashell E. Jaquish
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jerome Fleg
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Zorina S. Galis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kathleen Fenton
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Young S. Oh
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Yuling Hong
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jue Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Wayne Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Lawrence Fine
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - David C. Goff
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6705 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
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4
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Moein A, Lu T, Jönsson S, Ribbing J, Kassir N, Zhang W, Sperinde G, Zhang R, Tang M, Oh YS, Bruno R, Zhu R. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of etrolizumab in patients with moderately‐to‐severely active ulcerative colitis. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2022; 11:1244-1255. [PMID: 35851998 PMCID: PMC9469700 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Moein
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | - Tong Lu
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | | | | | | | - Wenhui Zhang
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | | | - Rong Zhang
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | - Meina Tang
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | - Young S. Oh
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | | | - Rui Zhu
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
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5
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Kassir N, Zhu R, Moein A, Langenhorst J, Ribbing J, Zhang R, Tang MT, Oh YS, Zhang W. Exposure‐response
relationships of etrolizumab in patients with
moderately‐to‐severely
active ulcerative colitis. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2022; 11:1234-1243. [PMID: 35789549 PMCID: PMC9469693 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Etrolizumab is an IgG1‐humanized monoclonal anti‐β7 integrin antibody. Phase III trials with induction and/or maintenance phases were conducted in patients with moderately‐to‐severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) who were either previously treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors (HICKORY) or were TNF inhibitor naïve (HIBISCUS I/II, LAUREL, and GARDENIA). A total of eight exposure‐response analyses were conducted for two clinical outcomes (remission and endoscopic improvement) at the end of induction for studies HIBISCUS I/II (combined) and HICKORY and at the end of maintenance for studies HICKORY and LAUREL. Trough concentration at week 4 (Ctrough,wk4) of induction was selected as the exposure metric. Exposure‐response (ER) modeling was conducted using logistic regression. A full covariate model was used to examine the impact of covariates on clinical outcomes. Linear models with a single intercept for placebo and active treatments adequately described the data for all eight analyses. The etrolizumab exposure‐response slope was significant (p < 0.05) for seven of the eight analyses. Baseline Mayo Clinic Score (MCS) was the only statistically significant covariate that impacted induction remission and endoscopic improvement. No statistically significant covariate was identified to impact maintenance outcomes except for baseline fecal calprotectin on endoscopic improvement for LAUREL study. A statistically significant positive ER relationship was identified for most of the clinical outcomes tested, reflecting a better treatment effect in patients with UC with higher etrolizumab Ctrough,wk4 of induction. Baseline MCS was the only other significant covariate impacting induction efficacy. Besides Ctrough,wk4 of induction, no consistent covariate was identified to impact maintenance efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Zhu
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | - Anita Moein
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | | | | | - Rong Zhang
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | | | - Young S. Oh
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Genentech, Inc. South San Francisco California USA
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6
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Vermeire S, Lakatos PL, Ritter T, Hanauer S, Bressler B, Khanna R, Isaacs K, Shah S, Kadva A, Tyrrell H, Oh YS, Tole S, Chai A, Pulley J, Eden C, Zhang W, Feagan BG. Etrolizumab for maintenance therapy in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (LAUREL): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 7:28-37. [PMID: 34798037 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(21)00295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Etrolizumab is a gut-targeted anti-β7 integrin monoclonal antibody. In a previous phase 2 induction study, etrolizumab significantly improved clinical remission versus placebo in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of etrolizumab for maintenance of remission in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. METHODS We conducted a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 study (LAUREL) across 111 treatment centres worldwide. We included adults (age 18-80 years) with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (Mayo Clinic total score [MCS] of 6-12 with an endoscopic subscore of ≥2, a rectal bleeding subscore of ≥1, and a stool frequency subscore of ≥1) who were naive to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors. Patients were required to have had an established diagnosis of ulcerative colitis for at least 3 months, corroborated by both clinical and endoscopic evidence, and evidence of disease extending at least 20 cm from the anal verge. During open-label induction, participants received subcutaneous etrolizumab 105 mg once every 4 weeks. Participants who had clinical response at week 10 (MCS with ≥3-point decrease and ≥30% reduction from baseline, plus ≥1-point decrease in rectal bleeding subscore or absolute rectal bleeding score of 0 or 1) proceeded into the double-blind maintenance phase and were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive subcutaneous etrolizumab 105 mg once every 4 weeks or matched placebo until week 62. Randomisation was stratified by baseline concomitant treatment with corticosteroids, treatment with immunosuppressants, baseline disease activity, and week 10 remission status. All participants and study site personnel were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was remission at week 62 (MCS ≤2, with individual subscores ≤1, and rectal bleeding subscore of 0) among patients with a clinical response at week 10, measured in the modified intention-to-treat population (all randomised patients who received at least one dose of study drug). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02165215, and is now closed to recruitment. FINDINGS Between Aug 12, 2014, and June 4, 2020, 658 patients were screened for eligibility and 359 were enrolled into the induction phase. 214 (60%) patients had a clinical response at week 10 and were randomly assigned to receive etrolizumab (n=108) or placebo (n=106) in the maintenance phase. 80 (74%) patients in the etrolizumab group and 42 (40%) in the placebo group completed the study through week 62. Four patients in the placebo group did not receive study treatment and were excluded from the analyses. At week 62, 32 (29·6%) of 108 patients in the etrolizumab group and 21 (20·6%) of 102 in the placebo group were in remission (adjusted treatment difference 7·7% [95% CI -4·2 to 19·2]; p=0·19). A greater proportion of patients reported one or more adverse events in the placebo group (82 [80%] of 102) than in the etrolizumab group (70 [65%] of 108); the most common adverse event in both groups was ulcerative colitis (16 [15%] patients in the etrolizumab group and 37 [36%] in the placebo group). Ten (9%) patients in the etrolizumab group and eight (8%) in the placebo group reported one or more serious adverse events. No deaths were reported in either treatment group. INTERPRETATION No significant differences were observed between maintenance etrolizumab and placebo in the primary endpoint of remission at week 62 among patients who had a clinical response at week 10. Etrolizumab was well tolerated in this population and no new safety signals were identified. FUNDING F Hoffmann-La Roche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severine Vermeire
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Stephen Hanauer
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian Bressler
- Gastrointestinal Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Reena Khanna
- University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kim Isaacs
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Saumin Shah
- Gujarat Hospital, Gastro and Vascular Centre, Nirmal Hospital, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Brian G Feagan
- Alimentiv, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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7
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Rubin DT, Dotan I, DuVall A, Bouhnik Y, Radford-Smith G, Higgins PDR, Mishkin DS, Arrisi P, Scalori A, Oh YS, Tole S, Chai A, Chamberlain-James K, Lacey S, McBride J, Panés J. Etrolizumab versus adalimumab or placebo as induction therapy for moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (HIBISCUS): two phase 3 randomised, controlled trials. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 7:17-27. [PMID: 34798036 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(21)00338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Etrolizumab is a gut-targeted anti-β7 integrin monoclonal antibody. In an earlier phase 2 induction study, etrolizumab significantly improved clinical remission relative to placebo in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. The HIBISCUS studies aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of etrolizumab to adalimumab and placebo for induction of remission in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. METHODS HIBISCUS I and HIBISCUS II were identically designed, multicentre, phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled and active-controlled studies of etrolizumab, adalimumab, and placebo in adult (18-80 years) patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (Mayo Clinic total score [MCS] of 6-12 with an endoscopic subscore of ≥2, a rectal bleeding subscore of ≥1, and a stool frequency subscore of ≥1) who were naive to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors. All patients had an established diagnosis of ulcerative colitis for at least 3 months, corroborated by both clinical and endoscopic evidence, and evidence of disease extending at least 20 cm from the anal verge. In both studies, patients were randomly assigned (2:2:1) to receive subcutaneous etrolizumab 105 mg once every 4 weeks; subcutaneous adalimumab 160 mg on day 1, 80 mg at week 2, and 40 mg at weeks 4, 6, and 8; or placebo. Randomisation was stratified by baseline concomitant treatment with corticosteroids, concomitant treatment with immunosuppressants, and baseline disease activity. All patients and study site personnel were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was induction of remission at week 10 (defined as MCS of 2 or lower, with individual subscores of 1 or lower, and rectal bleeding subscore of 0) with etrolizumab compared with placebo. Pooled analyses of both studies comparing etrolizumab and adalimumab were examined for several clinical and endoscopic endpoints. Efficacy was analysed using a modified intent-to-treat population, defined as all randomly assigned patients who received at least one dose of study drug. These trials are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02163759 (HIBISCUS I), NCT02171429 (HIBISCUS II). FINDINGS Between Nov 4, 2014, and May 25, 2020, each study screened 652 patients (HIBISCUS I) and 613 patients (HIBISCUS II). Each study enrolled and randomly assigned 358 patients (HIBISCUS I etrolizumab n=144, adalimumab n=142, placebo n=72; HIBISCUS II etrolizumab n=143; adalimumab n=143; placebo n=72). In HIBISCUS I, 28 (19·4%) of 144 patients in the etrolizumab group and five (6·9%) of 72 patients in the placebo group were in remission at week 10, with an adjusted treatment difference of 12·3% (95% CI 1·6 to 20·6; p=0·017) in favour of etrolizumab. In HIBISCUS II, 26 (18·2%) of 143 patients in the etrolizumab group and eight (11·1%) of 72 patients in the placebo group were in remission at week 10, with an adjusted treatment difference of 7·2% (95% CI -3·8 to 16·1; p=0·17). In the pooled analysis, etrolizumab was not superior to adalimumab for induction of remission, endoscopic improvement, clinical response, histological remission, or endoscopic remission; however, similar numerical results were observed in both groups. In HIBISCUS I, 50 (35%) of 144 patients in the etrolizumab group reported any adverse event, compared with 61 (43%) of 142 in the adalimumab group and 26 (36%) of 72 in the placebo group. In HIBISCUS II, 63 (44%) of 143 patients in the etrolizumab group reported any adverse event, as did 62 (43%) of 143 in the adalimumab group and 33 (46%) in the placebo group. The most common adverse event in all groups was ulcerative colitis flare. The incidence of serious adverse events in the pooled patient population was similar for etrolizumab (15 [5%] of 287) and placebo (seven [5%] of 144) and lower for adalimumab (six [2%] of 285). Two patients in the etrolizumab group died; neither death was deemed to be treatment related. INTERPRETATION Etrolizumab was superior to placebo for induction of remission in HIBISCUS I, but not in HIBISCUS II. Etrolizumab was well tolerated in both studies. FUNDING F Hoffmann-La Roche.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Rubin
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Iris Dotan
- Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Yoram Bouhnik
- Institut National de la Santé et Recherche Médicale et Université Paris Diderot, Paris Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Graham Radford-Smith
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, University of Queensland Faculty of Medicine, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter D R Higgins
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julian Panés
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, Barcelona, Spain.
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Peyrin-Biroulet L, Hart A, Bossuyt P, Long M, Allez M, Juillerat P, Armuzzi A, Loftus EV, Ostad-Saffari E, Scalori A, Oh YS, Tole S, Chai A, Pulley J, Lacey S, Sandborn WJ. Etrolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis in patients previously treated with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (HICKORY): a phase 3, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 7:128-140. [PMID: 34798039 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(21)00298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Etrolizumab is a gut-targeted, anti-β7 integrin, monoclonal antibody. In an earlier phase 2 induction study, etrolizumab significantly improved clinical remission compared with placebo in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of etrolizumab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis who had been previously treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents. METHODS HICKORY was a multicentre, phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in adult (18-80 years) patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (Mayo Clinic total score [MCS] of 6-12 with an endoscopic subscore of ≥2, a rectal bleeding subscore of ≥1, and a stool frequency subscore of ≥1) previously treated with TNF inhibitors. Patients were recruited from 184 treatment centres across 24 countries in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East. Patients needed to have an established diagnosis of ulcerative colitis for at least 3 months, corroborated by both clinical and endoscopic evidence, and evidence of disease extending at least 20 cm from the anal verge. In cohort 1, patients received open-label etrolizumab 105 mg every 4 weeks for a 14-week induction period. In cohort 2, patients were randomly assigned (4:1) to receive subcutaneous etrolizumab 105 mg or placebo every 4 weeks for the 14-week induction phase. Patients in either cohort achieving clinical response to etrolizumab induction were eligible for the maintenance phase, in which they were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive subcutaneous etrolizumab 105 mg or placebo every 4 weeks through to week 66. Randomisation was stratified by baseline concomitant treatment with corticosteroids, concomitant treatment with immunosuppressants (induction randomisation only), baseline disease activity, week 14 MCS remission status (maintenance randomisation only), and induction cohort (maintenance randomisation only). All patients and study site personnel were masked to treatment assignment. Primary endpoints were remission (Mayo Clinic total score [MCS] ≤2, with individual subscores of ≤1 and a rectal bleeding subscore of 0) at week 14, and remission at week 66 among patients with a clinical response (MCS with ≥3-point decrease and ≥30% reduction from baseline, plus ≥1 point decrease in rectal bleeding subscore or absolute rectal bleeding score of 0 or 1) at week 14. Efficacy was analysed using a modified intent-to-treat population. Safety analyses included all patients who received at least one dose of study drug during the induction phase. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02100696. FINDINGS HICKORY was conducted from May 21, 2014, to April 16, 2020, during which time 1081 patients were screened, and 609 deemed eligible for inclusion. 130 patients were included in cohort 1. In cohort 2,479 patients were randomly assigned to the induction phase (etrolizumab n=384, placebo n=95). 232 patients were randomly assigned to the maintenance phase (etrolizumab to etrolizumab n=117, etrolizumab to placebo n=115). At week 14, 71 (18·5%) of 384 patients in the etrolizumab group and six (6·3%) of 95 patients in the placebo group achieved the primary induction endpoint of remission (p=0·0033). No significant difference between etrolizumab and placebo was observed for the primary maintenance endpoint of remission at week 66 among patients with a clinical response at week 14 (27 [24·1%] of 112 vs 23 [20·2%] of 114; p=0·50). Four patients in the etrolizumab group reported treatment-related adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation. The proportion of patients reporting at least adverse event was similar between treatment groups for induction (etrolizumab 253 [66%] of 384; placebo 63 [66%] of 95) and maintenance (etrolizumab to etrolizumab 98 [88%] of 112; etrolizumab to placebo 97 [85%] of 114). The most common adverse event in both groups was ulcerative colitis flare. Most adverse events were mild or moderate. During induction, the most common serious adverse event was ulcerative colitis flare (etrolizumab ten [3%] of 384; placebo: two [2%] of 95). During maintenance, the most common serious adverse event in the etrolizumab to etrolizumab group was appendicitis (two [2%] of 112) and the most common serious adverse events in the etrolizumab to placebo group were ulcerative colitis flare (two [2%] of 114) and anaemia (two [2%] of 114). INTERPRETATION HICKORY demonstrated that a significantly higher proportion of patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis who had been previously treated with anti-TNF agent were able to achieve remission at week 14 when treated with etrolizumab compared with placebo; however, there was no significant difference between groups in remission at week 66 among patients with a clinical response at week 14. FUNDING F Hoffmann-La Roche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Université Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ailsa Hart
- St Mark's Academic Institute, London, UK
| | - Peter Bossuyt
- Imelda GI Clinical Research Centre, Imelda General Hospital, Bonheiden, Belgium
| | - Millie Long
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthieu Allez
- Department of Gastroenterology Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, INSERM U1160, University Denis Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Juillerat
- Inselspital, Gastroenterology, Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Armuzzi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Università Cattolica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Edward V Loftus
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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9
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Danese S, Colombel JF, Lukas M, Gisbert JP, D'Haens G, Hayee B, Panaccione R, Kim HS, Reinisch W, Tyrrell H, Oh YS, Tole S, Chai A, Chamberlain-James K, Tang MT, Schreiber S. Etrolizumab versus infliximab for the treatment of moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (GARDENIA): a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, phase 3 study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 7:118-127. [PMID: 34798038 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(21)00294-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Etrolizumab is a gut-targeted anti-β7 integrin monoclonal antibody. In a previous phase 2 induction study, etrolizumab significantly improved clinical remission versus placebo in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of etrolizumab with infliximab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. METHODS We conducted a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group, phase 3 study (GARDENIA) across 114 treatment centres worldwide. We included adults (age 18-80 years) with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (Mayo Clinic total score [MCS] of 6-12 with an endoscopic subscore of ≥2, a rectal bleeding subscore of ≥1, and a stool frequency subscore of ≥1) who were naive to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors. Patients were required to have had an established diagnosis of ulcerative colitis for at least 3 months, corroborated by both clinical and endoscopic evidence, and evidence of disease extending at least 20 cm from the anal verge. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive subcutaneous etrolizumab 105 mg once every 4 weeks or intravenous infliximab 5 mg/kg at 0, 2, and 6 weeks and every 8 weeks thereafter for 52 weeks. Randomisation was stratified by baseline concomitant treatment with corticosteroids, concomitant treatment with immunosuppressants, and baseline disease activity. All participants and study site personnel were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who had both clinical response at week 10 (MCS ≥3-point decrease and ≥30% reduction from baseline, plus ≥1-point decrease in rectal bleeding subscore or absolute rectal bleeding score of 0 or 1) and clinical remission at week 54 (MCS ≤2, with individual subscores ≤1); efficacy was analysed using a modified intention-to-treat population (all randomised patients who received at least one dose of study drug). GARDENIA was designed to show superiority of etrolizumab over infliximab for the primary endpoint. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02136069, and is now closed to recruitment. FINDINGS Between Dec 24, 2014, and June 23, 2020, 730 patients were screened for eligibility and 397 were enrolled and randomly assigned to etrolizumab (n=199) or infliximab (n=198). 95 (48%) patients in the etrolizumab group and 103 (52%) in the infliximab group completed the study through week 54. At week 54, 37 (18·6%) of 199 patients in the etrolizumab group and 39 (19·7%) of 198 in the infliximab group met the primary endpoint (adjusted treatment difference -0·9% [95% CI -8·7 to 6·8]; p=0·81). The number of patients reporting one or more adverse events was similar between treatment groups (154 [77%] of 199 in the etrolizumab group and 151 [76%] of 198 in the infliximab group); the most common adverse event in both groups was ulcerative colitis (55 [28%] patients in the etrolizumab group and 43 [22%] in the infliximab group). More patients in the etrolizumab group reported serious adverse events (including serious infections) than did those in the infliximab group (32 [16%] vs 20 [10%]); the most common serious adverse event was ulcerative colitis (12 [6%] and 11 [6%]). There was one death during follow-up, in the infliximab group due to a pulmonary embolism, which was not considered to be related to study treatment. INTERPRETATION To our knowledge, this trial is the first phase 3 maintenance study in moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis to use infliximab as an active comparator. Although the study did not show statistical superiority for the primary endpoint, etrolizumab performed similarly to infliximab from a clinical viewpoint. FUNDING F Hoffmann-La Roche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Milan Lukas
- Clinical and Research Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, ISCARE IVF Clinical Center Českomoravská, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Geert D'Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imelda Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine 20, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
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Tao L, Moreno‐Smith M, Ibarra‐García‐Padilla R, Milazzo G, Drolet NA, Hernandez BE, Oh YS, Patel I, Kim JJ, Zorman B, Patel T, Kamal AHM, Zhao Y, Hicks J, Vasudevan SA, Putluri N, Coarfa C, Sumazin P, Perini G, Parchem RJ, Uribe RA, Barbieri E. CHAF1A Blocks Neuronal Differentiation and Promotes Neuroblastoma Oncogenesis via Metabolic Reprogramming. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:e2005047. [PMID: 34365742 PMCID: PMC8498874 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202005047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) arises from oncogenic disruption of neural crest (NC) differentiation. Treatment with retinoic acid (RA) to induce differentiation has improved survival in some NB patients, but not all patients respond, and most NBs eventually develop resistance to RA. Loss of the chromatin modifier chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit p150 (CHAF1A) promotes NB cell differentiation; however, the mechanism by which CHAF1A drives NB oncogenesis has remained unexplored. This study shows that CHAF1A gain-of-function supports cell malignancy, blocks neuronal differentiation in three models (zebrafish NC, human NC, and human NB), and promotes NB oncogenesis. Mechanistically, CHAF1A upregulates polyamine metabolism, which blocks neuronal differentiation and promotes cell cycle progression. Targeting polyamine synthesis promotes NB differentiation and enhances the anti-tumor activity of RA. The authors' results provide insight into the mechanisms that drive NB oncogenesis and suggest a rapidly translatable therapeutic approach (DFMO plus RA) to enhance the clinical efficacy of differentiation therapy in NB patients.
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11
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Dai B, Hackney JA, Ichikawa R, Nguyen A, Elstrott J, Orozco LD, Sun KH, Modrusan Z, Gogineni A, Scherl A, Gubatan J, Habtezion A, Deswal M, Somsouk M, Faubion WA, Chai A, Sharafali Z, Hassanali A, Oh YS, Tole S, McBride J, Keir ME, Yi T. Dual targeting of lymphocyte homing and retention through α4β7 and αEβ7 inhibition in inflammatory bowel disease. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100381. [PMID: 34467254 PMCID: PMC8385326 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Anti-integrins are therapeutically effective for inflammatory bowel disease, yet the relative contribution of α4β7 and αEβ7 to gut lymphocyte trafficking is not fully elucidated. Here, we evaluate the effect of α4β7 and αEβ7 blockade using a combination of murine models of gut trafficking and longitudinal gene expression analysis in etrolizumab-treated patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Dual blockade of α4β7 and αEβ7 reduces CD8+ T cell accumulation in the gut to a greater extent than blockade of either integrin alone. Anti-αEβ7 reduces epithelial:T cell interactions and promotes egress of activated T cells from the mucosa into lymphatics. Inflammatory gene expression is greater in human intestinal αEβ7+ T cells. Etrolizumab-treated patients with CD display a treatment-specific reduction in inflammatory and cytotoxic intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) genes. Concurrent blockade of α4β7 and αEβ7 promotes reduction of cytotoxic IELs and inflammatory T cells in the gut mucosa through a stepwise inhibition of intestinal tissue entry and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Dai
- Departments of Immunology Discovery, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jason A. Hackney
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ryan Ichikawa
- Biomarker Discovery OMNI, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Allen Nguyen
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Justin Elstrott
- Biomedical Imaging, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Luz D. Orozco
- Bioinformatics, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Kai-Hui Sun
- Molecular Biology, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Molecular Biology, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Alvin Gogineni
- Biomedical Imaging, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Alexis Scherl
- Pathology, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - John Gubatan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Monika Deswal
- University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ma Somsouk
- University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - William A. Faubion
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Akiko Chai
- Product Development, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Zaineb Sharafali
- Product Development, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Azra Hassanali
- Product Development, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Young S. Oh
- Product Development, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Swati Tole
- Product Development, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jacqueline McBride
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Mary E. Keir
- Biomarker Discovery OMNI, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Tangsheng Yi
- Departments of Immunology Discovery, Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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12
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Gutierrez Becker B, Arcadu F, Thalhammer A, Gamez Serna C, Feehan O, Drawnel F, Oh YS, Prunotto M. Training and deploying a deep learning model for endoscopic severity grading in ulcerative colitis using multicenter clinical trial data. Ther Adv Gastrointest Endosc 2021; 14:2631774521990623. [PMID: 33718871 PMCID: PMC7917417 DOI: 10.1177/2631774521990623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore is a commonly used grading system to assess the severity of ulcerative colitis. Correctly grading colonoscopies using the Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore is a challenging task, with suboptimal rates of interrater and intrarater variability observed even among experienced and sufficiently trained experts. In recent years, several machine learning algorithms have been proposed in an effort to improve the standardization and reproducibility of Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore grading. Methods: Here we propose an end-to-end fully automated system based on deep learning to predict a binary version of the Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore directly from raw colonoscopy videos. Differently from previous studies, the proposed method mimics the assessment done in practice by a gastroenterologist, that is, traversing the whole colonoscopy video, identifying visually informative regions and computing an overall Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore. The proposed deep learning–based system has been trained and deployed on raw colonoscopies using Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore ground truth provided only at the colon section level, without manually selecting frames driving the severity scoring of ulcerative colitis. Results and Conclusion: Our evaluation on 1672 endoscopic videos obtained from a multisite data set obtained from the etrolizumab Phase II Eucalyptus and Phase III Hickory and Laurel clinical trials, show that our proposed methodology can grade endoscopic videos with a high degree of accuracy and robustness (Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve = 0.84 for Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore ⩾ 1, 0.85 for Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore ⩾ 2 and 0.85 for Mayo Clinic Endoscopic Subscore ⩾ 3) and reduced amounts of manual annotation. Plain language summary Patient, caregiver and provider thoughts on educational materials about prescribing and medication safety Artificial intelligence can be used to automatically assess full endoscopic videos and estimate the severity of ulcerative colitis. In this work, we present an artificial intelligence algorithm for the automatic grading of ulcerative colitis in full endoscopic videos. Our artificial intelligence models were trained and evaluated on a large and diverse set of colonoscopy videos obtained from concluded clinical trials. We demonstrate not only that artificial intelligence is able to accurately grade full endoscopic videos, but also that using diverse data sets obtained from multiple sites is critical to train robust AI models that could potentially be deployed on real-world data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gutierrez Becker
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Informatics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Filippo Arcadu
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Informatics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Thalhammer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Informatics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Citlalli Gamez Serna
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Informatics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Owen Feehan
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Informatics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Faye Drawnel
- Roche Personalized Healthcare, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Young S Oh
- Product Development, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marco Prunotto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Immunology, Infectious Disease & Ophthalmology, Roche, Basel, Switzerland
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13
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Gottlieb K, Daperno M, Usiskin K, Sands BE, Ahmad H, Howden CW, Karnes W, Oh YS, Modesto I, Marano C, Stidham RW, Reinisch W. Endoscopy and central reading in inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials: achievements, challenges and future developments. Gut 2021; 70:418-426. [PMID: 32699100 PMCID: PMC7815632 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Central reading, that is, independent, off-site, blinded review or reading of imaging endpoints, has been identified as a crucial component in the conduct and analysis of inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials. Central reading is the final step in a workflow that has many parts, all of which can be improved. Furthermore, the best reading algorithm and the most intensive central reader training cannot make up for deficiencies in the acquisition stage (clinical trial endoscopy) or improve on the limitations of the underlying score (outcome instrument). In this review, academic and industry experts review scoring systems, and propose a theoretical framework for central reading that predicts when improvements in statistical power, affecting trial size and chances of success, can be expected: Multireader models can be conceptualised as statistical or non-statistical (social). Important organisational and operational factors, such as training and retraining of readers, optimal bowel preparation for colonoscopy, video quality, optimal or at least acceptable read duration times and other quality control matters, are addressed as well. The theory and practice of central reading and the conduct of endoscopy in clinical trials are interdisciplinary topics that should be of interest to many, regulators, clinical trial experts, gastroenterology societies and those in the academic community who endeavour to develop new scoring systems using traditional and machine learning approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Gottlieb
- Immunology, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | | | - Bruce E Sands
- Dr Henry D Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Harris Ahmad
- Immunoscience, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, New York, New York, USA
| | - Colin W Howden
- Gastroenterology, Univ Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Young S Oh
- Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Irene Modesto
- Inflammation & Immunology, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA
| | - Colleen Marano
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Walter Reinisch
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Reinisch W, Mishkin DS, Oh YS, Schreiber S, Hussain F, Jacob R, Hassanali A, Daperno M. Impact of various central endoscopy reading models on treatment outcome in Crohn's disease using data from the randomized, controlled, exploratory cohort arm of the BERGAMOT trial. Gastrointest Endosc 2021; 93:174-182.e2. [PMID: 32464142 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2020.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endoscopic assessment of mucosal appearance by independent central reading has become the standard method to assess Crohn's disease activity in clinical trials. The performance characteristics of various endoscopy reading models have yet to be systematically evaluated. METHODS This substudy included patients with Crohn's disease in the exploratory induction cohort of the BERGAMOT trial (NCT02394028) randomly assigned to etrolizumab or placebo. Endoscopies conducted at baseline and week 14 were independently scored using the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) by a local reader (LR) and 2 central readers (CRs). Five endoscopy reading models were compared: single LR, single CR, average of 2 CRs, and 2 models incorporating the LR and 1 or 2 CRs depending on alignment between the LR and the CR, defined according to a sliding scale applied to a range of scores. RESULTS Five hundred thirty-five videos were scored. Models involving 2 readers demonstrated lower placebo rates (3.4%) than the single LR (11.9%) and the single CR (6.8%) models. Treatment effect size based on endoscopic improvement (≥50% reduction in SES-CD from baseline) was highest with the 2 models incorporating the LR and 1 or 2 CRs (Δ = 16.2%). Further, in the etrolizumab arm, models with 2 readers demonstrated the lowest variability for the SES-CD. CONCLUSIONS Central endoscopy reading models in Crohn's disease have an impact on placebo response rates and effect size. Incorporating the LR appears to be important because models using both CRs and LRs resulted in the greatest treatment effect size for endoscopic improvement with etrolizumab, lower placebo rates, and reduced variability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Young S Oh
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Fez Hussain
- Gastroenterology Center of Excellence, IQVIA, Reading
| | - Rhian Jacob
- Roche Products Limited, Welwyn Garden City, United Kingdom
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Oh YS, Lee J, Choi DY, Lee H, Kang K, Yoo S, Park I, Sung HJ. Selective multi-nanosoldering for fabrication of advanced solution-processed micro/nanoscale metal grid structures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6782. [PMID: 32321964 PMCID: PMC7176656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Solution-processed metal grid transparent conductors with low sheet resistance, high optical transmittance and good mechanical flexibility have great potential for use in flexible optoelectronic devices. However, there are still remaining challenges to improve optoelectrical properties and electromechanical stability of the metallic structures due to random loose packings of nanoparticles and the existence of many pores. Here we introduce a selective multi-nanosoldering method to generate robust metallic layers on the thin metal grid structures (< a thickness of 200 nm), which are generated via self-pining assisted direct inking of silver ions. The selective multi-nanosoldering leads to lowering the sheet resistance of the metal grid transparent conductors, while keeping the optical transmittance constant. Also, it reinforces the electromechanical stability of flexible metal grid transparent conductors against a small bending radius or a repeated loading. Finally, organic light-emitting diodes based on the flexible metal grid transparent conductors are demonstrated. Our approach can open a new route to enhance the functionality of metallic structures fabricated using a variety of solution-processed metal patterning methods for next-generation optoelectronic and micro/nanoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Oh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - J Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - D Y Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - H Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - K Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - S Yoo
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - I Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | - H J Sung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
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16
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Sigmund CD, Carey RM, Appel L, Arnett D, Bosworth HB, Cushman WC, Galis ZS, Parker MG, Hall JE, Harrison DG, McDonough AA, Nicastro HL, Oparil S, Osborn JW, Raizada MK, Wright JD, Oh YS. Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on Hypertension: Barriers to Translation. Hypertension 2020; 75:902-917. [PMID: 32063061 PMCID: PMC7067675 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a multidisciplinary working group of hypertension researchers on December 6 to 7, 2018, in Bethesda, MD, to share current scientific knowledge in hypertension and to identify barriers to translation of basic into clinical science/trials and implementation of clinical science into clinical care of patients with hypertension. The goals of the working group were (1) to provide an overview of recent discoveries that may be ready for testing in preclinical and clinical studies; (2) to identify gaps in knowledge that impede translation; (3) to highlight the most promising scientific areas in which to pursue translation; (4) to identify key challenges and barriers for moving basic science discoveries into translation, clinical studies, and trials; and (5) to identify roadblocks for effective dissemination and implementation of basic and clinical science in real-world settings. The working group addressed issues that were responsive to many of the objectives of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Strategic Vision. The working group identified major barriers and opportunities for translating research to improved control of hypertension. This review summarizes the discussion and recommendations of the working group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John E. Hall
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Young S. Oh
- Vascular Biology & Hypertension Branch, DCVS, NHLBI
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17
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Long GH, Tatro AR, Oh YS, Reddy SR, Ananthakrishnan AN. Analysis of Safety, Medical Resource Utilization, and Treatment Costs by Drug Class for Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States Based on Insurance Claims Data. Adv Ther 2019; 36:3079-3095. [PMID: 31562607 PMCID: PMC6822802 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-019-01095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Conventional pharmaceutical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) provide limited disease/symptom control and are associated with an increased risk of adverse events (AEs). These limitations increase patient morbidity, medical resource utilization (MRU), and costs. METHODS The IQVIA™ Real-World Data Adjudicated Claims-US database was leveraged to identify adult patients (> 18 years) with Crohn's disease (Crohn's) or ulcerative colitis (UC), who were new and chronic users (≥ 60 days) of oral corticosteroids (OCS), immunosuppressants (IS), anti-tumor necrosis factor agents (anti-TNF) or combinations thereof. Using aminosalicylate-treated patients as a reference, we compared AE incidence, MRU, and medical costs across drug classes. RESULTS The analysis included 30,676 patients (Crohn's: n = 14,528; UC: n = 16,148). OCS monotherapy was the strongest predictor of any AE occurring [Crohn's: hazard ratio 1.62 (1.51-1.73); UC: hazard ratio 1.57 (1.49-1.66)]. A similar pattern was observed for severe infection and bone-related conditions. Patients with UC or Crohn's receiving OCS or IS plus OCS were more likely to have emergency department visits, IBD-related hospitalizations/visits/procedures, and gastrointestinal surgery than were patients receiving other therapies. Annualized total medical costs (pharmacy plus hospital service costs) were greatest for anti-TNF plus IS or anti-TNF therapy in both Crohn's and UC. Annualized medical service costs (excluding IBD drug costs) were highest for patients initiating OCS-containing therapies [Crohn's: OCS, $27,041 (24,882-29,200) and OCS plus IS, $23,332 (19,889-26,775); UC: OCS, $19,659 (17,977-21,340)]. CONCLUSION Although biologic therapies have higher pharmacy costs, treatment decisions should consider the increased AE risks and long-term MRU costs associated with chronic use of OCS-containing therapies. FUNDING This study was funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. The journal's Rapid Service Fee and Open Access publication were paid for by ApotheCom on behalf of Genentech, a member of the Roche group who funded the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gráinne H Long
- Roche Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Real World Data Science, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - Young S Oh
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sheila R Reddy
- Partnership for Health Analytic Research, Beverly Hills, CA, USA
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18
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Oh YS, Berkowitz DE, Cohen RA, Figueroa CA, Harrison DG, Humphrey JD, Larson DF, Leopold JA, Mecham RP, Ruiz-Opazo N, Santhanam L, Seta F, Shyy JYJ, Sun Z, Tsao PS, Wagenseil JE, Galis ZS. A Special Report on the NHLBI Initiative to Study Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Arterial Stiffness and Its Association With Hypertension. Circ Res 2019; 121:1216-1218. [PMID: 29122942 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.311703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young S Oh
- See the Online Supplement for the author affiliations.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John Y J Shyy
- See the Online Supplement for the author affiliations
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- See the Online Supplement for the author affiliations
| | - Philip S Tsao
- See the Online Supplement for the author affiliations
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19
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Abstract
Measures of the functional and structural properties of blood vessels can be used to assess preclinical stage of vascular disorders. Recent experimental and population studies show that arterial stiffening precedes development of high blood pressure, and can be used to predict future cardiovascular events. Arterial stiffness was also shown to be reversible in several experimental models of various conditions. Since reversing arterial stiffness could prevent development of hypertension and other clinical conditions, understanding the biological mechanisms of arterial stiffening and investigating potential therapeutic interventions to modulate arterial stiffness are important research topics. For research and application in general clinical settings, it is an important step to develop reliable devices and a standardized arterial stiffness measurement protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young S Oh
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6701 Rockledge Drive, Room 8106, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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20
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Choi Y, Kim SH, Kim SH, Kim JY, Kim YR, Kim TS, Hwang YM, Kim JH, Jang SW, Rho TH, Lee MY, Oh YS. P1902Terminating the induced atrial tachyarrhythmia after complete pulmonary vein isolation during catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Choi
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S H Kim
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S H Kim
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J Y Kim
- Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea Republic of
| | - Y R Kim
- St.Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| | - T S Kim
- Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon, Korea Republic of
| | - Y M Hwang
- St. Vincent's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Kim
- St. Vincent's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - S W Jang
- St.Paul's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - T H Rho
- St.Paul's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - M Y Lee
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - Y S Oh
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea Republic of
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21
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Oh YS, Robinson V, Stanley DV, Tolunay E, Kim DY, Galis ZS. "The Good Old R01": Challenging Downward Funding Success Trends at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Circ Res 2018; 118:1475-9. [PMID: 27174948 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.308241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young S Oh
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch (Y.S.O., V.R., D.V.S., E.T., Z.S.G.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Office of Biostatistics Research (D.-Y.K.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Valerie Robinson
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch (Y.S.O., V.R., D.V.S., E.T., Z.S.G.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Office of Biostatistics Research (D.-Y.K.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dennis V Stanley
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch (Y.S.O., V.R., D.V.S., E.T., Z.S.G.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Office of Biostatistics Research (D.-Y.K.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Eser Tolunay
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch (Y.S.O., V.R., D.V.S., E.T., Z.S.G.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Office of Biostatistics Research (D.-Y.K.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dong-Yun Kim
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch (Y.S.O., V.R., D.V.S., E.T., Z.S.G.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Office of Biostatistics Research (D.-Y.K.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Zorina S Galis
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch (Y.S.O., V.R., D.V.S., E.T., Z.S.G.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Office of Biostatistics Research (D.-Y.K.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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22
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Kim YR, Jang SW, Hwang YM, Kim JY, Kim TS, Kim SH, Kim JH, Oh YS, Lee MY, Rho TH. P397Long-term clinical outcomes of misdosing NOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y R Kim
- The Catholic University of Korea Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Internal Medicine, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| | - S W Jang
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - Y M Hwang
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J Y Kim
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - T S Kim
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S H Kim
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Kim
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - Y S Oh
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - M Y Lee
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - T H Rho
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Republic of
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23
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Raizada MK, Joe B, Bryan NS, Chang EB, Dewhirst FE, Borisy GG, Galis ZS, Henderson W, Jose PA, Ketchum CJ, Lampe JW, Pepine CJ, Pluznick JL, Raj D, Seals DR, Gioscia-Ryan RA, Tang WHW, Oh YS. Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on the Role of Microbiota in Blood Pressure Regulation: Current Status and Future Directions. Hypertension 2017; 70:HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09699. [PMID: 28760940 PMCID: PMC5792379 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohan K Raizada
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.).
| | - Bina Joe
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Nathan S Bryan
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Eugene B Chang
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Floyd E Dewhirst
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Gary G Borisy
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Zorina S Galis
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Wendy Henderson
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Pedro A Jose
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Christian J Ketchum
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Carl J Pepine
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Jennifer L Pluznick
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Dominic Raj
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Douglas R Seals
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Rachel A Gioscia-Ryan
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.)
| | - Young S Oh
- From the Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.K.R.) and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (C.J.P.), University of Florida, Gainesville; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.S.B.); Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, IL (E.B.C.); Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA (F.E.D., G.G.B.); Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z.S.G., Y.S.O.), Biobehavioral Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research (W.H.), and Division of Kidney, Urology and Hematology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(C.J.K.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, DC (P.A.J., D.R.); Public Health Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (J.W.L.); Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J.L.P.); Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (D.R.S., R.A.G.-R.); and Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T.).
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Ravichandran J, Serrao CR, Efetov DK, Yi D, Oh YS, Cheong SW, Ramesh R, Kim P. Ambipolar transport and magneto-resistance crossover in a Mott insulator, Sr 2IrO 4. J Phys Condens Matter 2016; 28:505304. [PMID: 27792666 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/50/505304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Electric field effect (EFE) controlled magnetoelectric transport in thin films of undoped and La-doped Sr2IrO4 (SIO) is investigated using ionic liquid gating. The temperature dependent resistance measurements exhibit insulating behavior in chemically and EFE doped samples with the band filling up to 10%. The ambipolar transport across the Mott gap is demonstrated by EFE tuning of the channel resistance and chemical doping. We observe a crossover from high temperature negative to low temperature positive magnetoresistance around ∼80-90 K, irrespective of the filling. This temperature and magnetic field dependent crossover is discussed in the light of conduction mechanisms of SIO, especially variable range hopping (VRH), and its relevance to the insulating ground state of SIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ravichandran
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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Charette MF, Oh YS, Maric-Bilkan C, Scott LL, Wu CC, Eblen M, Pearson K, Tolunay HE, Galis ZS. Shifting Demographics among Research Project Grant Awardees at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168511. [PMID: 27978544 PMCID: PMC5158323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was initiated because of concerns expressed by NHLBI-funded mid-career investigators regarding perceived difficulties in the renewal of their grant awards. This led us to ask: "Are mid-career investigators experiencing disproportionate difficulties in the advancement of their professional careers?" Our portfolio analysis indicates that there has been a significant and evolving shift in the demographics of research project grant (RPG) awardees at NHLBI. In 1998, mid-career (ages 41-55) investigators constituted approximately 60% of all investigators with the remaining 40% being equally divided between early-stage (ages 24-40) investigators and established (ages 56 to 70 and older) investigators. However, since 1998, the proportion of established RPG awardees has been increasing in a slowly progressive and strikingly linear fashion. At the same time the proportion of early-stage awardees fell precipitously until 2006 and then stabilized. During the same period, the proportion of mid-career awardees, which had been relatively stable through 2006, began to fall significantly. In examining potential causes of these demographic shifts we have identified certain inherent properties within the RPG award system that appear to promote an increasingly more established awardee population and a persistent decrease in the proportion of mid-career investigators. A collateral result of these demographic shifts, when combined with level or declining funding, is a significant reduction in the number of RPG awards received by NHLBI mid-career investigators and a corresponding decrease in the number of independent research laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc F. Charette
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Young S. Oh
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christine Maric-Bilkan
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lindsey L. Scott
- Statistical Analysis and Reporting Branch, Office of Planning, Analysis and Communication, Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Charles C. Wu
- Statistical Analysis and Reporting Branch, Office of Planning, Analysis and Communication, Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew Eblen
- Office of Public Health Scientific Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Katrina Pearson
- Statistical Analysis and Reporting Branch, Office of Planning, Analysis and Communication, Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - H. Eser Tolunay
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zorina S. Galis
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Suh Y, Yoon CH, Kim RK, Lim EJ, Oh YS, Hwang SG, An S, Yoon G, Gye MC, Yi JM, Kim MJ, Lee SJ. Claudin-1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition through activation of the c-Abl-ERK signaling pathway in human liver cells. Oncogene 2016; 36:1167-1168. [PMID: 27841864 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
Patients with non-metastatic esophageal cancer routinely undergo endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for loco-regional staging. Neoadjuvant therapy is recommended for ≥T3 tumors while upfront surgery can be considered for ≤T2 lesions. The aim of this study was to determine if the degree of dysphagia can predict the EUS T-stage of esophageal cancer. One hundred eleven consecutive patients with non-metastatic esophageal cancer were retrospectively reviewed from a database. Prior to EUS, patients' dysphagia grade was recorded. Correlation between dysphagia grade and EUS T-stage, especially in reference to predicting ≥T3 stage, was determined. The correlation of dysphagia grade with EUS T-stage (Kendall's tau coefficient) was 0.49 (P < 0.001) for the lower and 0.59 (P = 0.008) for the middle esophagus. The sensitivity and specificity of dysphagia grade ≥2 (can only swallow semi-solids/liquids) for T3 cancer were 56% (95% confidence interval [CI] 43-67%) and 93% (95% CI 79-98%), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of dysphagia grade ≥3 (can only swallow liquids or total dysphagia) for T3 lesions were 36% (95% CI 25-48%), 100% (95% CI 89-100%), and 100% (95% CI 83-100%), respectively. Overall, there was a significant positive correlation between dysphagia grade and the EUS T-stage of esophageal cancer. All patients with dysphagia grade ≥3 had T3 lesions. This may have clinical implications for patients who can only swallow liquids or have complete dysphagia by allowing for prompt initiation of neoadjuvant therapy, especially in countries/centers where EUS service is difficult to access in a timely manner or not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Y S Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - A Szabo
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Society, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - A Khan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - K S Dua
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Oh YS, Appel LJ, Galis ZS, Hafler DA, He J, Hernandez AL, Joe B, Karumanchi SA, Maric-Bilkan C, Mattson D, Mehta NN, Randolph G, Ryan M, Sandberg K, Titze J, Tolunay E, Toney GM, Harrison DG. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group Report on Salt in Human Health and Sickness: Building on the Current Scientific Evidence. Hypertension 2016; 68:281-8. [PMID: 27324228 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Young S Oh
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.).
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Zorina S Galis
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - David A Hafler
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Jiang He
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Amanda L Hernandez
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Bina Joe
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - S Ananth Karumanchi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Christine Maric-Bilkan
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - David Mattson
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Gwendolyn Randolph
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Michael Ryan
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Kathryn Sandberg
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Jens Titze
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Eser Tolunay
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - Glenn M Toney
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
| | - David G Harrison
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (Y.S.O, Z.S.G., C.M.-B., E.T.) and Division of Intramural Research (N.N.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.); Department of Neurology and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (A.L.H., D.A.H.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (J.H.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, OH (B.J.); Department of Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.A.K.); Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (D.M.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, MO (G.R.); Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (M.R.); Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (K.S.); Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (J.T., D.G.H.); and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (G.M.T.)
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Kim JW, Artyukhin S, Mun ED, Jaime M, Harrison N, Hansen A, Yang JJ, Oh YS, Vanderbilt D, Zapf VS, Cheong SW. Successive Magnetic-Field-Induced Transitions and Colossal Magnetoelectric Effect in Ni_{3}TeO_{6}. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:137201. [PMID: 26451580 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.137201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the discovery of a metamagnetic phase transition in a polar antiferromagnet Ni_{3}TeO_{6} that occurs at 52 T. The new phase transition accompanies a colossal magnetoelectric effect, with a magnetic-field-induced polarization change of 0.3 μC/cm^{2}, a value that is 4 times larger than for the spin-flop transition at 9 T in the same material, and also comparable to the largest magnetically induced polarization changes observed to date. Via density-functional calculations we construct a full microscopic model that describes the data. We model the spin structures in all fields and clarify the physics behind the 52 T transition. The high-field transition involves a competition between multiple different exchange interactions which drives the polarization change through the exchange-striction mechanism. The resultant spin structure is rather counterintuitive and complex, thus providing new insights on design principles for materials with strong magnetoelectric coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Wook Kim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - S Artyukhin
- IAMDN and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - E D Mun
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Jaime
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - N Harrison
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A Hansen
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J J Yang
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Y S Oh
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - D Vanderbilt
- IAMDN and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - V S Zapf
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S-W Cheong
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Kushnir VM, Oh YS, Hollander T, Chen CH, Sayuk GS, Davidson N, Mullady D, Murad FM, Sharabash NM, Ruettgers E, Dassopoulos T, Easler JJ, Gyawali CP, Edmundowicz SA, Early DS. Corrigendum: Impact of Retroflexion Vs. Second Forward View Examination of the Right Colon on Adenoma Detection: A Comparison Study. Am J Gastroenterol 2015; 110:942. [PMID: 26052780 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2015.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Smith ZL, Oh YS, Saeian K, Edmiston CE, Khan AH, Massey BT, Dua KS. Transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae during ERCP: time to revisit the current reprocessing guidelines. Gastrointest Endosc 2015; 81:1041-5. [PMID: 25638508 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary L Smith
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Young S Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kia Saeian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Charles E Edmiston
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Abdul H Khan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Benson T Massey
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kulwinder S Dua
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Kushnir VM, Oh YS, Hollander T, Chen CH, Sayuk GS, Davidson N, Mullady D, Murad FM, Sharabash NM, Ruettgers E, Dassopoulos T, Easler JJ, Gyawali CP, Edmundowicz SA, Early DS. Impact of retroflexion vs. second forward view examination of the right colon on adenoma detection: a comparison study. Am J Gastroenterol 2015; 110:415-22. [PMID: 25732415 PMCID: PMC4535185 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2015.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although screening colonoscopy is effective in preventing distal colon cancers, effectiveness in preventing right-sided colon cancers is less clear. Previous studies have reported that retroflexion in the right colon improves adenoma detection. We aimed to determine whether a second withdrawal from the right colon in retroflexion vs. forward view alone leads to the detection of additional adenomas. METHODS Patients undergoing screening or surveillance colonoscopy were invited to participate in a parallel, randomized, controlled trial at two centers. After cecal intubation, the colonoscope was withdrawn to the hepatic flexure, all visualized polyps removed, and endoscopist confidence recorded on a 5-point Likert scale. Patients were randomized to a second exam of the proximal colon in forward (FV) or retroflexion view (RV), and adenoma detection rates (ADRs) compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictors of identifying adenomas on the second withdrawal from the proximal colon. RESULTS A total of 850 patients (mean age 59.1±8.3 years, 59% female) were randomly assigned to FV (N=400) or RV (N=450). Retroflexion was successful in 93.5%. The ADR (46% FV and 47% RV) and numbers of adenomas per patient (0.9±1.4 FV and 1.1±2.1 RV) were similar (P=0.75 for both). At least one additional adenoma was detected on second withdrawal in similar proportions (10.5% FV and 7.5% RV, P=0.13). Predictors of identifying adenomas on the second withdrawal included older age (odds ratio (OR)=1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.01-1.08), adenomas seen on initial withdrawal (OR=2.8, 95% CI=1.7-4.7), and low endoscopist confidence in quality of first examination of the right colon (OR=4.8, 95% CI=1.9-12.1). There were no adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Retroflexion in the right colon can be safely achieved in the majority of patients undergoing colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening. Reexamination of the right colon in either retroflexed or forward view yielded similar, incremental ADRs. A second exam of the right colon should be strongly considered in patients who have adenomas discovered in the right colon, particularly when endoscopist confidence in the quality of initial examination is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir M. Kushnir
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Young S. Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Thomas Hollander
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chien-Huan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gregory S. Sayuk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nicholas Davidson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel Mullady
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Faris M. Murad
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Noura M. Sharabash
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Eric Ruettgers
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey J. Easler
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - C. Prakash Gyawali
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Steven A. Edmundowicz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dayna S. Early
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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Li HY, Oh YS, Lee YJ, Lee EK, Jung HS, Jun HS. Amelioration of high fat diet-induced glucose intolerance by blockade of Smad4 in pancreatic beta-cells. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2014; 123:221-6. [PMID: 25502579 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1395583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated whether Smad4 signaling is involved in the regulation of beta-cell function using a high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model. METHODS Beta-cell-specific Smad4-knockout mice (Smad4(-/-)RIP-Cre(+); β-Smad4KO) were generated by mating Smad4 (flox/flox) mice with rat insulin promoter (RIP)-Cre mice. Mice were fed a HFD beginning at 6 weeks of age for 16 weeks. Body weight, food intake, fasting and fed glucose levels, and glucose and insulin tolerance were measured. RESULTS The expression of Smad4 mRNA was significantly decreased in the islets of β-Smad4KO mice. In wild-type mice, Smad4 mRNA was significantly decreased at 18 weeks of age as compared with 8 weeks of age. On a regular chow diet, β-Smad4KO mice showed no differences in body weight, fed and fasting blood glucose levels, and glucose tolerance compared with wild-type mice. When fed a HFD, body weight gain was significantly reduced in β-Smad4KO mice as compared with wild-type mice, although the amount of food intake was not different. During the HFD, fed and fasting blood glucose levels, glucose stimulated insulin secretion, disposition index and glucose tolerance were significantly improved in β-Smad4KO mice as compared with wild-type mice. However, insulin tolerance tests showed no differences between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION Inhibition of Smad4 in beta-cells conferred mild but significant improvements in glucose levels and glucose tolerance in HFD-induced obese mice. Therefore, regulation of Smad4 expression may be one of the mechanisms regulating physiological expansion of beta-cells during development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Li
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, Korea
| | - Y S Oh
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, Korea
| | - Y-J Lee
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, Korea
| | - E-K Lee
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, Korea
| | - H S Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-S Jun
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, Korea
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Burch JB, Augustine AD, Frieden LA, Hadley E, Howcroft TK, Johnson R, Khalsa PS, Kohanski RA, Li XL, Macchiarini F, Niederehe G, Oh YS, Pawlyk AC, Rodriguez H, Rowland JH, Shen GL, Sierra F, Wise BC. Advances in geroscience: impact on healthspan and chronic disease. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2014; 69 Suppl 1:S1-3. [PMID: 24833579 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Population aging is unprecedented, without parallel in human history, and the 21st century will witness even more rapid aging than did the century just past. Improvements in public health and medicine are having a profound effect on population demographics worldwide. By 2017, there will be more people over the age of 65 than under age 5, and by 2050, two billion of the estimated nine billion people on Earth will be older than 60 (http://unfpa.org/ageingreport/). Although we can reasonably expect to live longer today than past generations did, the age-related disease burden we will have to confront has not changed. With the proportion of older people among the global population being now higher than at any time in history and still expanding, maintaining health into old age (or healthspan) has become a new and urgent frontier for modern medicine. Geroscience is a cross-disciplinary field focused on understanding the relationships between the processes of aging and age-related chronic diseases. On October 30-31, 2013, the trans-National Institutes of Health GeroScience Interest Group hosted a Summit to promote collaborations between the aging and chronic disease research communities with the goal of developing innovative strategies to improve healthspan and reduce the burden of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Burch
- Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alison Deckhut Augustine
- Immunoregulation Section, Basic Immunology Branch, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Leslie A Frieden
- Research Training and Career Development Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Evan Hadley
- Division of Geriatrics and Clinical Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - T Kevin Howcroft
- National Cancer Institute, NIH, Division of Cancer Biology, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ron Johnson
- Cancer Etiology Branch, DNA and Chromosome Aberrations Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Partap S Khalsa
- Division of Extramural Research, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ronald A Kohanski
- Division of Aging Biology, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Xiao Ling Li
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Francesca Macchiarini
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures, Program Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - George Niederehe
- Geriatrics and Aging Processes Research Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Young S Oh
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Aaron C Pawlyk
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Discovery, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, Office of the Director and
| | - Julia H Rowland
- Office of Cancer Survivorship, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Grace L Shen
- Retinal Diseases Program, Division of Extramural Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Bradley C Wise
- Neurobiology of Aging Branch, Division of Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
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Affiliation(s)
- Young S Oh
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge Dr, Room 8106, Bethesda, MD 20892.
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Johnson RD, Cao K, Chapon LC, Fabrizi F, Perks N, Manuel P, Yang JJ, Oh YS, Cheong SW, Radaelli PG. MnSb2O6: a polar magnet with a chiral crystal structure. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:017202. [PMID: 23863023 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.017202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Structural and magnetic chiralities are found to coexist in a small group of materials in which they produce intriguing phenomenologies such as the recently discovered Skyrmion phases. Here, we describe a previously unknown manifestation of this interplay in MnSb(2)O(6), a trigonal oxide with a chiral crystal structure. Unlike all other known cases, the MnSb(2)O(6) magnetic structure is based on corotating cycloids rather than helices. The coupling to the structural chirality is provided by a magnetic axial vector, related to the so-called vector chirality. We show that this unique arrangement is the magnetic ground state of the symmetric-exchange Hamiltonian, based on ab initio theoretical calculations of the Heisenberg exchange interactions, and is stabilized by out-of-plane anisotropy. MnSb(2)O(6) is predicted to be multiferroic with a unique ferroelectric switching mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Johnson
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.
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Johnson RD, Barone P, Bombardi A, Bean RJ, Picozzi S, Radaelli PG, Oh YS, Cheong SW, Chapon LC. X-ray imaging and multiferroic coupling of cycloidal magnetic domains in ferroelectric monodomain BiFeO3. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:217206. [PMID: 23745922 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.217206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic domains at the surface of a ferroelectric monodomain BiFeO(3) single crystal have been imaged by hard x-ray magnetic scattering. Magnetic domains up to several hundred microns in size have been observed, corresponding to cycloidal modulations of the magnetization along the wave vector k=(δ,δ,0) and symmetry equivalent directions. The rotation direction of the magnetization in all magnetic domains, determined by diffraction of circularly polarized light, was found to be unique and in agreement with predictions of a combined approach based on a spin-model complemented by relativistic density-functional simulations. Imaging of the surface shows that the largest adjacent domains display a 120° vortex structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Johnson
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.
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Choi YJ, Lee N, Sharma PA, Kim SB, Vajk OP, Lynn JW, Oh YS, Cheong SW. Giant magnetic fluctuations at the critical endpoint in insulating HoMnO3. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:157202. [PMID: 25167303 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.157202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although abundant research has focused recently on the quantum criticality of itinerant magnets, critical phenomena of insulating magnets in the vicinity of critical endpoints (CEP's) have rarely been revealed. Here we observe an emergent CEP at 2.05 T and 2.2 K with a suppressed thermal conductivity and concomitant strong critical fluctuations evident via a divergent magnetic susceptibility (e.g., χ''(2.05 T,2.2 K)/χ''(3 T,2.2 K)≈23,500%, comparable to the critical opalescence in water) in the hexagonal insulating antiferromagnet HoMnO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Choi
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA and Department of Physics and IPAP, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - N Lee
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA and Department of Physics and IPAP, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - P A Sharma
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - S B Kim
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - O P Vajk
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - J W Lynn
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Y S Oh
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - S-W Cheong
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorina S Galis
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge Dr, 8116, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Oh YS, Ahn HS, Gye MC. Fucosyl neoglycoprotein binds to mouse epididymal spermatozoa and inhibits sperm binding to the egg zona pellucida. Andrologia 2012; 45:363-8. [PMID: 22998388 DOI: 10.1111/and.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycan epitopes of cellular glycoconjugates act as versatile biochemical signals, and this sugar coding plays an important role in cell-to-cell recognition processes. In this study, our aims were to determine the distribution of sperm receptors with activity for fucosyl- and galactosyl glycans and to address whether monosugar neoglycoproteins functionally mimic the binding between zona pellucida (ZP) glycoproteins and spermatozoa. In mouse epididymal spermatozoa with intact acrosomes, fucopyranosyl bovine serum albumin (BSA-Fuc) bound to the segment of the acrosome, the equatorial segment, and the postacrosome region of the sperm head. Galactosyl BSA (BSA-Gal) binding activity was similar to that of BSA-Fuc, but was weaker. In acrosome-reacted spermatozoa treated with the Ca(2+) ionophore A23187, BSA-zuc binding was lost in the apical segment of the acrosome but remained in the equatorial segment and postacrosome regions. BSA-Gal binding to the equatorial region was increased. In the presence of 2.5 μg ml(-1) BSA-Fuc, in vitro sperm-ZP binding was significantly decreased, indicating that fucosyl BSA functionally mimics ZP glycoproteins during sperm-egg ZP interactions. At the same concentration, BSA-Gal was not effective. Fucosyl BSA that efficiently inhibited the sperm-ZP binding can mimic the ZP glycoconjugate and has potential for use as a sperm fertility control agent in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Oh
- Department of Life Science and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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Yang JJ, Choi YJ, Oh YS, Hogan A, Horibe Y, Kim K, Min BI, Cheong SW. Charge-orbital density wave and superconductivity in the strong spin-orbit coupled IrTe2:Pd. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:116402. [PMID: 22540494 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.116402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using transmission electron microscopy, the anomalies in resistivity and magnetic susceptibility at ~262 K in IrTe2 are found to accompany the superlattice peaks with q[over q=(1/5,0,-1/5). The wave vector is consistent with our theoretical calculation for the Fermi surface nesting vector, indicating that the ~262 K transition is of the charge-orbital density wave (DW) type. We also discovered that both Pd intercalation and substitution induce bulk superconductivity with T(c) up to ~3 K, which competes with DW in a quantum critical pointlike manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Yang
- Laboratory for Pohang Emergent Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
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Abstract
Vitamin B(12) (cobalamin) deficiency results in atrophy of seminiferous tubules and aplasia of spermatozoa and spermatid. The transmembrane protein amnionless (AMN) directs endocytosis of cubilin with its ligand, contributing to intrinsic factor-vitamin B(12) absorption. To understand vitamin B(12) transport in testis, we analysed AMN expression in developing mouse testes and in Leydig cells and speculated the possible role of AMN in testis. In testes, Amn mRNA levels were low until 14 days post partum (pp) and markedly increased from puberty onwards. In the interstitium, Amn mRNA levels were low at 14 days pp and increased at puberty (28 days pp) together with 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 6 mRNA. Strong AMN immunoreactivity was observed in early spermatocytes from 7 days pp, suggesting that AMN participates in meiosis. In Leydig cells, AMN was not observed until 14 days pp but was strongly expressed after 28 days pp, suggesting a positive relationship between AMN expression and functional differentiation of adult Leydig cells. Together, AMN may participate in meiosis in early spermatocytes and in functional differentiation of adult Leydig cells through the mediation of vitamin B(12) transport in the mouse testes. This is the first report on AMN expression in the germ cells and soma of mammalian testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Oh
- Department of Life Science and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
Fistulas between the luminal gastrointestinal tract and vascular structures can result from a variety of etiologies. While there have been reports of fistulas between the inferior vena cava and the duodenum, we report the first case to our knowledge of a fistula between the jejunum and the inferior vena cava after esophagojejunal anastomosis for recurrent esophageal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young S Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisc., USA
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Yi HT, Choi T, Choi SG, Oh YS, Cheong SW. Mechanism of the switchable photovoltaic effect in ferroelectric BiFeO3. Adv Mater 2011; 23:3403-3407. [PMID: 21681986 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H T Yi
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials, Dept. Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Abstract
Parabens have been shown to affect male rodent reproductive parameters, including testosterone levels and sperm production. In this study, we examined the effect of long-term exposure to butyl paraben (BP) on rat epididymal sperm DNA methylation. Adult male rats were exposed to BP (0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg kg(-1) per day) according to OECD TG407 for a repeated 28-day oral toxicity study. Sperm DNA methylation was examined by differential display random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) following methylation-specific restriction digestion of DNA. Among the 57 RAPD amplicons, six were methylation specific. Of these, five amplicons increased by 1.4- to 3.8-fold in epididymal sperm DNA at testing dose of BP. This indicates that BP can cause DNA hypermethylation in germ cells from the mitotic through post-meiotic stage in adult rat testes. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the epigenetic modification of sperm DNA by parabens.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA.
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Oh YS, Massey BT. Rapid development of intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2011; 5:192-5. [PMID: 21552444 PMCID: PMC3088747 DOI: 10.1159/000326960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma is felt to develop over a protracted time period through a series of defined steps. Several potential risk factors for the development of gastric cancer have been identified, including a family history of gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori infection. We present the case of a patient with neither risk factor who progressed in a 14 month time frame from histologically normal gastric mucosa to early stage intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma in the setting of diffuse gastric intestinal metaplasia and atrophic gastritis. This patient's presentation conflicts with our current understanding of the development of intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young S Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisc., USA
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Abstract
Breast cancer can present with metastatic disease initially or as a systemic relapse despite seemingly adequate initial treatment. We report a case of suspected metastatic breast cancer to an intraabdominal lymph node based on imaging, which was subsequently confirmed by tissue sampling at the time of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). While previous studies have shown the utility of EUS in the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer, this is the first case to our knowledge that describes the use of EUS in diagnosing recurrent breast cancer to an intraabdominal lymph node.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Merrill
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisc., USA
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Abstract
Biofiltration of solvent and fuel vapors may offer a cost-effective way to comply with increasingly strict air emission standards. An important step in the development of this technology is to derive and validate mathematical models of the biofiltration process for predictive and scaleup calculations. For the study of methanol vapor biofiltration, an 8-membered bacterial consortium was obtained from methanol-exposed soil. The bacteria were immobilized on solid support and packed into a 5-cm-diameter, 60-cm-high column provided with appropriate flowmeters and sampling ports. The solid support was prepared by mixing two volumes of peat with three volumes of perlite particles (i.e., peat-perlite volume ratio 2:3). Two series of experiments were performed. In the first, the inlet methanol concentration was kept constant while the superficial air velocity was varied from run to run. In the second series, the air flow rate (velocity) was kept constant while the inlet methanol concentration was varied. The unit proved effective in removing methanol at rates up to 112.8 g h(-1) m(-3) packing. A mathematical model has been derived and validated. The model described and predicted experimental results closely. Both experimental data and model predictions suggest that the methanol biofiltration process was limited by oxygen diffusion and methanol degradation kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Shareefdeen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
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