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Muta K, Haga Y, Hata J, Kaneko T, Hagiya K, Komaki Y, Seki F, Yoshimaru D, Nakae K, Woodward A, Gong R, Kishi N, Okano H. Commonality and variance of resting-state networks in common marmoset brains. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8316. [PMID: 38594386 PMCID: PMC11004137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal models of brain function are critical for the study of human diseases and development of effective interventions. Resting-state network (RSN) analysis is a powerful tool for evaluating brain function and performing comparisons across animal species. Several studies have reported RSNs in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus; marmoset), a non-human primate. However, it is necessary to identify RSNs and evaluate commonality and inter-individual variance through analyses using a larger amount of data. In this study, we present marmoset RSNs detected using > 100,000 time-course image volumes of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data with careful preprocessing. In addition, we extracted brain regions involved in the composition of these RSNs to understand the differences between humans and marmosets. We detected 16 RSNs in major marmosets, three of which were novel networks that have not been previously reported in marmosets. Since these RSNs possess the potential for use in the functional evaluation of neurodegenerative diseases, the data in this study will significantly contribute to the understanding of the functional effects of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Muta
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yawara Haga
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kaneko
- Division of Behavioral Development, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Science, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kei Hagiya
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshimaru
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Nakae
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Alexander Woodward
- Connectome Analysis Unit, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Rui Gong
- Connectome Analysis Unit, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kishi
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan.
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kameda H, Kinota N, Kato D, Fujii T, Harada T, Komaki Y, Sugimori H, Onodera T, Tomiyasu M, Obata T, Kudo K. Magnetic Resonance Water Tracer Imaging Using 17 O-Labeled Water. Invest Radiol 2024; 59:92-103. [PMID: 37707860 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000001021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a crucial imaging technique for visualizing water in living organisms. Besides proton MRI, which is widely available and enables direct visualization of intrinsic water distribution and dynamics in various environments, MR-WTI (MR water tracer imaging) using 17 O-labeled water has been developed, benefiting from the many advancements in MRI software and hardware that have substantially improved the signal-to-noise ratio and made possible faster imaging. This cutting-edge technique allows the generation of novel and valuable images for clinical use. This review elucidates the studies related to MRI water tracer techniques centered around 17 O-labeled water, explaining the fundamental principles of imaging and providing clinical application examples. Anticipating continued progress in studies involving isotope-labeled water, this review is expected to contribute to elucidating the pathophysiology of various diseases related to water dynamics abnormalities and establishing novel imaging diagnostic methods for associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kameda
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan (H.K., N.K., D.K., T.F., T.H., K.K.); Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan (H.K.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan (N.K., D.K., T.F., T.H., K.K.); Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan (Y.K.); Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan (H.S.); Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan (T. Onodera); Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (M.T., T. Obata); and Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan (T.H., K.K.)
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Matsubayashi K, Shinozaki M, Hata J, Komaki Y, Nagoshi N, Tsuji O, Fujiyoshi K, Nakamura M, Okano H. A shift of brain network hub after spinal cord injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1245902. [PMID: 37915973 PMCID: PMC10616864 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1245902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe sequelae and significant social loss, depending on the extent of the damage. Most previous studies have focused on the pathology of the spinal cord to develop treatments for SCI. However, it is now known that the brain, which is not directly damaged, also undergoes morphological changes after spinal cord injury, which could affect natural recovery and treatment. In recent years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been developed to analyze functional changes in the brain. Resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI), which captures brain activity at rest, can calculate functional connections between brain areas and identify central hubs by network analysis. Purpose We aim to investigate functional connectivity in the brain using rsfMRI after SCI and to determine how brain-network main hubs change over time. Methods We evaluated rsfMRI in 10 mice of the contusional SCI model and calculated connectivity using graph theory. We evaluated "centrality," a representative parameter of network analysis. The subtype of centrality was degree centrality, which indicates the hub function of a single area. The five times of rsfMRI were performed in each individual mouse: before injury and at 1, 3, 7, and 14 weeks post-injury. Results Before the injury, the degree centralities of the primary and secondary motor cortex were high, suggesting that these motor cortices served as main hubs for motor function. After SCI, the hub function of the motor cortices decreased by 14 weeks. In contrast, hub function in the external capsule and the putamen comparatively increased with time after injury, suggesting that the extrapyramidal/subcortical system, which runs the ventral side of the spinal cord and remains after injury in this model, becomes dominant. Conclusion We demonstrated the shift of the brain network hub after SCI. The results of this study provide basic information for understanding brain network changes after SCI and would be useful for treatment selection and evaluation of its efficacy in SCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Matsubayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munehisa Shinozaki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Live Animal Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Narihito Nagoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osahiko Tsuji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanehiro Fujiyoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Murayama Medical Center (NHO), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Kurahashi T, Nishime C, Nishinaka E, Komaki Y, Seki F, Urano K, Harada Y, Yoshikawa T, Dai P. Transplantation of Chemical Compound-Induced Cells from Human Fibroblasts Improves Locomotor Recovery in a Spinal Cord Injury Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13853. [PMID: 37762156 PMCID: PMC10530737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of regenerative medicine using cell therapy is eagerly awaited for diseases such as spinal cord injury (SCI), for which there has been no radical cure. We previously reported the direct conversion of human fibroblasts into neuronal-like cells using only chemical compounds; however, it is unclear whether chemical compound-induced neuronal-like (CiN) cells are clinically functional. In this study, we partially modified the method of inducing CiN cells (termed immature CiN cells) and examined their therapeutic efficacy, in a rat model of SCI, to investigate whether immature CiN cells are promising for clinical applications. Motor function recovery, after SCI, was assessed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) test, as well as the CatWalk analysis. We found that locomotor recovery, after SCI in the immature CiN cell-transplanted group, was partially improved compared to that in the control group. Consistent with these results, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological analyses revealed that nerve recovery or preservation improved in the immature CiN cell-transplanted group. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that immature CiN cells highly express hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which has recently been shown to be a promising therapeutic agent against SCI. Our findings suggest that immature CiN cells may provide an alternative strategy for the regenerative therapy of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Kurahashi
- Department of Cellular Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (T.K.); (T.Y.)
| | - Chiyoko Nishime
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan; (C.N.); (E.N.); (Y.K.); (F.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Eiko Nishinaka
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan; (C.N.); (E.N.); (Y.K.); (F.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan; (C.N.); (E.N.); (Y.K.); (F.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan; (C.N.); (E.N.); (Y.K.); (F.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Koji Urano
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan; (C.N.); (E.N.); (Y.K.); (F.S.); (K.U.)
| | - Yoshinori Harada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan;
| | - Toshikazu Yoshikawa
- Department of Cellular Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (T.K.); (T.Y.)
- Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, 103-5 Tanaka-Monzen-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8225, Japan
| | - Ping Dai
- Department of Cellular Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (T.K.); (T.Y.)
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5
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Muta K, Hata J, Kawaguchi N, Haga Y, Yoshimaru D, Hagiya K, Kaneko T, Miyabe-Nishiwaki T, Komaki Y, Seki F, Okano HJ, Okano H. Effect of sedatives or anesthetics on the measurement of resting brain function in common marmosets. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:5148-5162. [PMID: 36222604 PMCID: PMC10151911 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Common marmosets are promising laboratory animals for the study of higher brain functions. Although there are many opportunities to use sedatives and anesthetics in resting brain function measurements in marmosets, their effects on the resting-state network remain unclear. In this study, the effects of sedatives or anesthetics such as midazolam, dexmedetomidine, co-administration of isoflurane and dexmedetomidine, propofol, alfaxalone, isoflurane, and sevoflurane on the resting brain function in common marmosets were evaluated using independent component analysis, dual regression analysis, and graph-theoretic analysis; and the sedatives or anesthetics suitable for the evaluation of resting brain function were investigated. The results show that network preservation tendency under light sedative with midazolam and dexmedetomidine is similar regardless of the type of target receptor. Moreover, alfaxalone, isoflurane, and sevoflurane have similar effects on resting state brain function, but only propofol exhibits different tendencies, as resting brain function is more preserved than it is following the administration of the other anesthetics. Co-administration of isoflurane and dexmedetomidine shows middle effect between sedatives and anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Muta
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan.,Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan.,Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
| | - Yawara Haga
- Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshimaru
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kei Hagiya
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kaneko
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Systems Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Takako Miyabe-Nishiwaki
- Center for Model Human Evolution Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hirotaka James Okano
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Yoshimatsu S, Seki F, Okahara J, Watanabe H, Sasaguri H, Haga Y, Hata JI, Sanosaka T, Inoue T, Mineshige T, Lee CY, Shinohara H, Kurotaki Y, Komaki Y, Kishi N, Murayama AY, Nagai Y, Minamimoto T, Yamamoto M, Nakajima M, Zhou Z, Nemoto A, Sato T, Ikeuchi T, Sahara N, Morimoto S, Shiozawa S, Saido TC, Sasaki E, Okano H. Multimodal analyses of a non-human primate model harboring mutant amyloid precursor protein transgenes driven by the human EF1α promoter. Neurosci Res 2022; 185:49-61. [PMID: 36075457 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia which afflicts tens of millions of people worldwide. Despite many scientific progresses to dissect the AD's molecular basis from studies on various mouse models, it has been suffered from evolutionary species differences. Here, we report generation of a non-human primate (NHP), common marmoset model ubiquitously expressing Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) transgenes with the Swedish (KM670/671NL) and Indiana (V717F) mutations. The transgene integration of generated two transgenic marmosets (TG1&TG2) was thoroughly investigated by genomic PCR, whole-genome sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. By reprogramming, we confirmed the validity of transgene expression in induced neurons in vitro. Moreover, we discovered structural changes in specific brain regions of transgenic marmosets by magnetic resonance imaging analysis, including in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. In immunohistochemistry, we detected increased Aβ plaque-like structures in TG1 brain at 7 years old, although evident neuronal loss or glial inflammation was not observed. Thus, this study summarizes our attempt to establish an NHP AD model. Although the transgenesis approach alone seemed not sufficient to fully recapitulate AD in NHPs, it may be beneficial for drug development and further disease modeling by combination with other genetically engineered models and disease-inducing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Yoshimatsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Junko Okahara
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watanabe
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sasaguri
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yawara Haga
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Hata
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sanosaka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Takayuki Mineshige
- Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Chia-Ying Lee
- Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Haruka Shinohara
- Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yoko Kurotaki
- Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kishi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ayaka Y Murayama
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba City, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba City, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamamoto
- ICLAS Monitoring Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Mayutaka Nakajima
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akisa Nemoto
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tsukika Sato
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ikeuchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8122, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Sahara
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba City, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Satoru Morimoto
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Seiji Shiozawa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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7
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Akaba Y, Shiohama T, Komaki Y, Seki F, Ortug A, Sawada D, Uchida W, Kamagata K, Shimoji K, Aoki S, Takahashi S, Suzuki T, Natsume J, Takahashi E, Tsujimura K. Comprehensive Volumetric Analysis of Mecp2-Null Mouse Model for Rett Syndrome by T2-Weighted 3D Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:885335. [PMID: 35620663 PMCID: PMC9127869 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.885335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe progressive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by various neurological symptoms. Almost all RTT cases are caused by mutations in the X-linked methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene, and several mouse models have been established to understand the disease. However, the neuroanatomical abnormalities in each brain region of RTT mouse models have not been fully understood. Here, we investigated the global and local neuroanatomy of the Mecp2 gene-deleted RTT model (Mecp2-KO) mouse brain using T2-weighted 3D magnetic resonance imaging with different morphometry to clarify the brain structural abnormalities that are involved in the pathophysiology of RTT. We found a significant reduction in global and almost all local volumes in the brain of Mecp2-KO mice. In addition, a detailed comparative analysis identified specific volume reductions in several brain regions in the Mecp2-deficient brain. Our analysis also revealed that the Mecp2-deficient brain shows changes in hemispheric asymmetry in several brain regions. These findings suggest that MeCP2 affects not only the whole-brain volume but also the region-specific brain structure. Our study provides a framework for neuroanatomical studies of a mouse model of RTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Akaba
- Group of Brain Function and Development, Nagoya University Neuroscience Institute of the Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Unit for Developmental Disorders, Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Shiohama
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alpen Ortug
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daisuke Sawada
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Wataru Uchida
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Kamagata
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keigo Shimoji
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suzuki
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Natsume
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Developmental Disability Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Emi Takahashi
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Keita Tsujimura
- Group of Brain Function and Development, Nagoya University Neuroscience Institute of the Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Unit for Developmental Disorders, Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Keita Tsujimura,
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8
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Rikitake M, Hata J, Iida M, Seki F, Ito R, Komaki Y, Yamada C, Yoshimaru D, Okano HJ, Shirakawa T. Analysis of Brain Structure and Neural Organization in Dystrophin-Deficient Model Mice with Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 T. Open Neuroimag J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18744400-v15-e2202040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Dystrophin strengthens muscle cells; however, in muscular dystrophy, dystrophin is deficient due to an abnormal sugar chain. This abnormality occurs in skeletal muscle and in brain tissue.
Objective:
This study aimed to non-invasively analyze the neural organization of the brain in muscular dystrophy. We used a mouse model of muscular dystrophy to study whether changes in brain structure and neurodegeneration following dystrophin deficiency can be assessed by 7T magnetic resonance imaging.
Methods:
C57BL/10-mdx (X chromosome-linked muscular dystrophy) mice were used as the dystrophic mouse model and healthy mice were used as controls. Ventricular enlargement is one of the most common brain malformations in dystrophin-deficient patients. Therefore, we examined whether ventricular enlargement was observed in C57BL/10-mdx using transverse-relaxation weighted images. Brain parenchyma analysis was performed using diffusion MRI with diffusion tensor images and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging. Parenchymal degeneration was assessed in terms of directional diffusion, nerve fiber diffusion, and dendritic scattering density.
Results:
For the volume of brain ventricles analyzed by T2WI, the average size was 1.5 times larger in mdx mice compared to control mice. In the brain parenchyma, a significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in parameters indicating disturbances in the direction of nerve fibers and dendritic scattering density in the white matter region.
Conclusion:
Our results show that changes in brain structure due to dystrophin deficiency can be assessed in detail without tissue destruction by combining diffusion tensor images and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging analyses.
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9
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Takata N, Sato N, Komaki Y, Okano H, Tanaka KF. Flexible annotation atlas of the mouse brain: combining and dividing brain structures of the Allen Brain Atlas while maintaining anatomical hierarchy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6234. [PMID: 33737651 PMCID: PMC7973786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A brain atlas is necessary for analyzing structure and function in neuroimaging research. Although various annotation volumes (AVs) for the mouse brain have been proposed, it is common in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the mouse brain that regions-of-interest (ROIs) for brain structures (nodes) are created arbitrarily according to each researcher's necessity, leading to inconsistent ROIs among studies. One reason for such a situation is the fact that earlier AVs were fixed, i.e. combination and division of nodes were not implemented. This report presents a pipeline for constructing a flexible annotation atlas (FAA) of the mouse brain by leveraging public resources of the Allen Institute for Brain Science on brain structure, gene expression, and axonal projection. A mere two-step procedure with user-specified, text-based information and Python codes constructs FAA with nodes which can be combined or divided objectively while maintaining anatomical hierarchy of brain structures. Four FAAs with total node count of 4, 101, 866, and 1381 were demonstrated. Unique characteristics of FAA realized analysis of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) across the anatomical hierarchy and among cortical layers, which were thin but large brain structures. FAA can improve the consistency of whole brain ROI definition among laboratories by fulfilling various requests from researchers with its flexibility and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Takata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Sato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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10
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Nakashima D, Fujita N, Hata J, Komaki Y, Suzuki S, Nagura T, Fujiyoshi K, Watanabe K, Tsuji T, Okano H, Jinzaki M, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M. Quantitative analysis of intervertebral disc degeneration using Q-space imaging in a rat model. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:2220-2229. [PMID: 32458477 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The degree of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is qualitatively evaluated on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). However, it is difficult to assess subtle changes in IVD degeneration using T2WI. Q-space imaging (QSI) is a quantitative diffusion-weighted imaging modality used to detect subtle changes in microenvironments. This study aimed to evaluate whether QSI can detect the inhibitory effects of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in IVD degeneration. We classified female Wistar rats into control, puncture, and NAC groups (n = 5 per group). In the puncture and NAC groups, IVDs were punctured using a needle. The antioxidant NAC, which suppresses the progression of IVD degeneration, was orally administered in the NAC group 1 week prior to puncture. The progression and inhibitory effect of NAC in IVD degeneration were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): IVD height, T2 mapping, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and QSI. MRI was performed using a 7-Tesla system with a conventional probe (20 IVDs in each group). QSI parameters that were assessed included Kurtosis, the probability at zero displacement (ZDP), and full width at half maximum (FWHM). IVD degeneration by puncture was confirmed by histology, IVD height, T2 mapping, ADC, and all QSI parameters (P < .001); however, the inhibitory effect of NAC was confirmed only by QSI parameters (Kurtosis and ZDP: both P < .001; FWHM: P < .01). Kurtosis had the largest effect size (Kurtosis: 1.13, ZDP: 1.06, and FWHM: 1.02) when puncture and NAC groups were compared. QSI has a higher sensitivity than conventional quantitative methods for detecting the progressive change and inhibitory effect of NAC in IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Jikei University Graduate School of Medicine, Minato, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeo Nagura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Biomechanics, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanehiro Fujiyoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Murayama Medical Center, Murayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Jinzaki
- Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Komaki Y, Debacker C, Djemai B, Ciobanu L, Tsurugizawa T, Bihan DL. Differential effects of aquaporin-4 channel inhibition on BOLD fMRI and diffusion fMRI responses in mouse visual cortex. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228759. [PMID: 32437449 PMCID: PMC7241787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of astrocytes to the BOLD fMRI and DfMRI responses in visual cortex of mice following visual stimulation was investigated using TGN-020, an aquaporin 4 (AQP4) channel blocker, acting as an astrocyte function perturbator. Under TGN-020 injection the amplitude of the BOLD fMRI response became significantly higher. In contrast no significant changes in the DfMRI responses and the electrophysiological responses were observed. Those results further confirm the implications of astrocytes in the neurovascular coupling mechanism underlying BOLD fMRI, but not in the DfMRI responses which remained unsensitive to astrocyte function perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Komaki
- NeuroSpin/Joliot, CEA-Saclay Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Boucif Djemai
- NeuroSpin/Joliot, CEA-Saclay Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Luisa Ciobanu
- NeuroSpin/Joliot, CEA-Saclay Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Denis Le Bihan
- NeuroSpin/Joliot, CEA-Saclay Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- * E-mail:
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12
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Grandjean J, Canella C, Anckaerts C, Ayrancı G, Bougacha S, Bienert T, Buehlmann D, Coletta L, Gallino D, Gass N, Garin CM, Nadkarni NA, Hübner NS, Karatas M, Komaki Y, Kreitz S, Mandino F, Mechling AE, Sato C, Sauer K, Shah D, Strobelt S, Takata N, Wank I, Wu T, Yahata N, Yeow LY, Yee Y, Aoki I, Chakravarty MM, Chang WT, Dhenain M, von Elverfeldt D, Harsan LA, Hess A, Jiang T, Keliris GA, Lerch JP, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Okano H, Rudin M, Sartorius A, Van der Linden A, Verhoye M, Weber-Fahr W, Wenderoth N, Zerbi V, Gozzi A. Common functional networks in the mouse brain revealed by multi-centre resting-state fMRI analysis. Neuroimage 2019; 205:116278. [PMID: 31614221 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical applications of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) offer the possibility to non-invasively probe whole-brain network dynamics and to investigate the determinants of altered network signatures observed in human studies. Mouse rsfMRI has been increasingly adopted by numerous laboratories worldwide. Here we describe a multi-centre comparison of 17 mouse rsfMRI datasets via a common image processing and analysis pipeline. Despite prominent cross-laboratory differences in equipment and imaging procedures, we report the reproducible identification of several large-scale resting-state networks (RSN), including a mouse default-mode network, in the majority of datasets. A combination of factors was associated with enhanced reproducibility in functional connectivity parameter estimation, including animal handling procedures and equipment performance. RSN spatial specificity was enhanced in datasets acquired at higher field strength, with cryoprobes, in ventilated animals, and under medetomidine-isoflurane combination sedation. Our work describes a set of representative RSNs in the mouse brain and highlights key experimental parameters that can critically guide the design and analysis of future rodent rsfMRI investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanes Grandjean
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, 138667, Singapore.
| | - Carola Canella
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @ UNITN, 38068, Rovereto, Italy; CIMeC, Centre for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, 38068, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Cynthia Anckaerts
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gülebru Ayrancı
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Salma Bougacha
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et Aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-roses, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Thomas Bienert
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 80, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Buehlmann
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 27, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ludovico Coletta
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @ UNITN, 38068, Rovereto, Italy; CIMeC, Centre for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, 38068, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Daniel Gallino
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natalia Gass
- Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Clément M Garin
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et Aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-roses, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nachiket Abhay Nadkarni
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et Aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-roses, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Neele S Hübner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 80, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Meltem Karatas
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; The Engineering Science, Computer Science and Imaging Laboratory (ICube), Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, University of Strasbourg and University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Silke Kreitz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Fahrstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Francesca Mandino
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, 138667, Singapore; Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anna E Mechling
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 80, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chika Sato
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Team, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage, Chiba-city, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Katja Sauer
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Fahrstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Disha Shah
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, O&N4 Herestraat 49 Box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Strobelt
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Fahrstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Norio Takata
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Isabel Wank
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Fahrstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tong Wu
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, & Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK; Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Imaging Lab, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, W12 0NN, UK; UK DRI Centre for Care Research and Technology, Imperial College London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Noriaki Yahata
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Team, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage, Chiba-city, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ling Yun Yeow
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, 138667, Singapore
| | - Yohan Yee
- Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Team, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage, Chiba-city, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - M Mallar Chakravarty
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Wei-Tang Chang
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, 138667, Singapore
| | - Marc Dhenain
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et Aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-roses, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 80, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura-Adela Harsan
- The Engineering Science, Computer Science and Imaging Laboratory (ICube), Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, University of Strasbourg and University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Andreas Hess
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Fahrstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Georgios A Keliris
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Markus Rudin
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 27, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zürich, ETH Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Sartorius
- Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Annemie Van der Linden
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marleen Verhoye
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang Weber-Fahr
- Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicole Wenderoth
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zürich, ETH Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Valerio Zerbi
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zürich, ETH Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Gozzi
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @ UNITN, 38068, Rovereto, Italy
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13
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Abe Y, Komaki Y, Seki F, Shibata S, Okano H, Tanaka KF. Correlative study using structural MRI and super-resolution microscopy to detect structural alterations induced by long-term optogenetic stimulation of striatal medium spiny neurons. Neurochem Int 2019; 125:163-174. [PMID: 30825601 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) control motor function. Hyper- or hypo-activity of MSNs coincides with basal ganglia-related movement disorders. Based on the assumption that lasting alterations in neuronal activity lead to structural changes in the brain, understanding these structural alterations may be used to infer MSN functional abnormalities. To infer MSN function from structural data, understanding how long-lasting alterations in MSN activity affect brain morphology is essential. To address this, we utilized a simplified model of functional induction by stimulating MSNs expressing channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2). Subsequent structural alterations which induced long-term activity changes in these MSNs were investigated in the striatal pathway and its associated regions by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and histological assessment with super-resolution microscopy. DTI detected changes in the striatum, substantia nigra, and motor cortex. Histological assessment found a reduction in the diameter of myelinated cortical axons as well as MSN dendrites and axons. The structural changes showed a high correlation between DTI parameters and histological data. These results demonstrated that long-term neural activation in the MSNs alters the diameter of MSN and cortical neurons fibers. This study provides a tool for understanding the causal relationship between functional and structural alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Abe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Japan
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Electron Microscope Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Electron Microscope Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
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14
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Lin CY, Crowley ST, Uchida S, Komaki Y, Kataoka K, Itaka K. Treatment of Intervertebral Disk Disease by the Administration of mRNA Encoding a Cartilage-Anabolic Transcription Factor. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2019; 16:162-171. [PMID: 30889482 PMCID: PMC6424144 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is often associated with severity of lower back pain. IVD core is an avascular, highly hydrated tissue composed of type II collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans. The disk degeneration is not only a destruction of IVD structure but also is related to a disorder of the turnover of the disk matrix, leading the jelly-like IVD core to be replaced by fibrous components. Here we present a disease-modifying strategy for IVD degenerative diseases by direct regulation of the cells in the IVD using mRNA medicine, to alter the misbalanced homeostasis during disk degeneration. When mRNA encoding a cartilage-anabolic transcription factor, runt-related transcription factor-1, was administered to a rat model of coccygeal disk degeneration using a polyplex nanomicelle composed of polyethylene glycol-polyamino acid block copolymers and mRNA, the disk height was maintained to a significantly higher extent (≈81%) compared to saline control (69%), with prevention of fibrosis in the disk tissue. In addition, the use of nanomicelles effectively prevented inflammation, which was observed by injection of naked mRNA into the disk. This proof-of-concept study revealed that mRNA medicine has a potential for treating IVD degenerative diseases by introducing a cartilage-anabolic factor into the host cells, proposing a new therapeutic strategy using mRNA medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yu Lin
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Samuel Thomas Crowley
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Department of Biofunction Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Policy Alternatives Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Keiji Itaka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; Department of Biofunction Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
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15
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Haga Y, Hata J, Uematsu A, Seki F, Komaki Y, Mizumura M, Nishio M, Kaneko T, Kishi N, Okano H, Furukawa A. MR Imaging Properties of ex vivo Common Marmoset Brain after Formaldehyde Fixation. Magn Reson Med Sci 2019; 18:253-259. [PMID: 30726800 PMCID: PMC6883083 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.mp.2018-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Ex vivo brains have different MRI properties than in vivo brains because of chemical changes caused by fixative solutions, which change the signal intensity and/or tissue contrast on MR images. In this study, we investigated and compared the MRI properties of in vivo and ex vivo brains. Methods: Using a Bruker 9.4T experimental scanner unit for animals (Biospin GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany), we performed this study on the common marmoset. We measured the relaxation and diffusion values in the white matter and cortex of common marmosets and compared these values between in vivo brains (n = 20) and ex vivo brains (n = 20). Additionally, we observed the relationship between the tissue fixation duration and MRI properties by imaging a brain that underwent long-term fixation in a preliminary examination (n = 1). Results: The T1 values of ex vivo brains were decreased compared with those of in vivo brains; however, there were no significant difference in the T2 and T2* values of in vivo and ex vivo brains. Axial, radial, and mean diffusivity values of ex vivo brains decreased to approximately 65% and 52% of those of in vivo brains in the cortex and white matter, respectively. Conversely, fractional anisotropy values were not significantly different between in vivo and ex vivo brains. Conclusion: The T1 values and diffusion coefficient values of the ex vivo brains were strikingly different than those of the in vivo brains. Conversely, there were no significant changes in the T2, T2* or fractional anisotropy values. Altogether, the dehydration caused by tissue fixation and the reduction in brain temperature were involved in changing the relaxation and diffusion coefficient values. Here, it was difficult to specify all factors causing these changes. Further detailed study is needed to examine changes in MRI properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawara Haga
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN
| | - Junichi Hata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals
| | - Akiko Uematsu
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals
| | - Mai Mizumura
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN
| | - Marin Nishio
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School.,Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals
| | - Takaaki Kaneko
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN
| | - Noriyuki Kishi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN
| | - Akira Furukawa
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School
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16
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Matsubayashi K, Nagoshi N, Komaki Y, Kojima K, Shinozaki M, Tsuji O, Iwanami A, Ishihara R, Takata N, Matsumoto M, Mimura M, Okano H, Nakamura M. Assessing cortical plasticity after spinal cord injury by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in awake adult mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14406. [PMID: 30258091 PMCID: PMC6158265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural connectivity has recently been shown to be altered after spinal cord injury (SCI) not only in the spinal cord but also in the brain. However, to date, no studies have analyzed the functional alterations after SCI in various areas of the cerebral cortex over time. To examine the plasticity of the neural connectivity in the brain after SCI, we performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) in awake adult mice pre- and post-SCI. After a complete thoracic SCI, the functional connectivity between the primary motor (MOp) and primary sensory (SSp) areas was significantly decreased during the chronic phase. In contrast, the connectivity between the MOp and motivation area was increased. Thus, impairments in sensory and motor connections after SCI led to a time-dependent compensatory upregulation of “motor functional motivation”. Moreover, the functional connectivity between the SSp and pain-related areas, such as the caudoputamen (CP) and the anterior cingulate area (ACA), was strengthened during the chronic phase, thus suggesting that rs-fMRI can indicate the presence of neuropathic pain after SCI. Therefore, rs-fMRI is a useful tool for revealing the pathological changes that occur in the brain after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Matsubayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Narihito Nagoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kota Kojima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munehisa Shinozaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osahiko Tsuji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Iwanami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ishihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Takata
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. .,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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17
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Takata N, Sugiura Y, Yoshida K, Koizumi M, Hiroshi N, Honda K, Yano R, Komaki Y, Matsui K, Suematsu M, Mimura M, Okano H, Tanaka KF. Optogenetic astrocyte activation evokes BOLD fMRI response with oxygen consumption without neuronal activity modulation. Glia 2018; 66:2013-2023. [PMID: 29845643 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) based on the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal has been used to infer sites of neuronal activation in the brain. A recent study demonstrated, however, unexpected BOLD signal generation without neuronal excitation, which led us to hypothesize the presence of another cellular source for BOLD signal generation. Collective assessment of optogenetic activation of astrocytes or neurons, fMRI in awake mice, electrophysiological measurements, and histochemical detection of neuronal activation, coherently suggested astrocytes as another cellular source. Unexpectedly, astrocyte-evoked BOLD signal accompanied oxygen consumption without modulation of neuronal activity. Imaging mass spectrometry of brain sections identified synthesis of acetyl-carnitine via oxidative glucose metabolism at the site of astrocyte-, but not neuron-evoked BOLD signal. Our data provide causal evidence that astrocytic activation alone is able to evoke BOLD signal response, which may lead to reconsideration of current interpretation of BOLD signal as a marker of neuronal activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Takata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Miwako Koizumi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Nishida Hiroshi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kurara Honda
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Yano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Ko Matsui
- Super-network Brain Physiology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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18
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Komaki Y, Yamada A, Komaki F, Sakuraba A. Letter: immunogenicity of infliximab originator vs. CT-P13 in IBD patients-authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017; 46:905-906. [PMID: 29023885 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - A Yamada
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - F Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - A Sakuraba
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
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19
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Yano R, Hata J, Abe Y, Seki F, Yoshida K, Komaki Y, Okano H, Tanaka KF. Quantitative temporal changes in DTI values coupled with histological properties in cuprizone-induced demyelination and remyelination. Neurochem Int 2017; 119:151-158. [PMID: 29030079 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is widely used to evaluate microstructural variations in brain tissue. In particular, fractional anisotropy (FA), reflecting the magnitude and orientation of anisotropic water diffusion, allows us to detect pathological events in white matter. An ex vivo DTI study coupled with histological assessment is an efficient strategy to evaluate the myelination process, i.e. demyelination and remyelination. The relationship between DTI values and myelin content or the individual cellular components such as oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes during both processes of demyelination and remyelination are not well-understood. To address this issue, we employed a cuprizone-inducible demyelination mouse model. Demyelination can be induced in this model during cuprizone exposure and termination of cuprizone exposure induces remyelination. We fed the mice cuprizone-containing chow for 4 weeks and then normal chow for an additional 4 weeks. The ex vivo DTI was performed to evaluate the white matter profiles observed by FA, mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) at both demyelinating and remyelinating time points, and then we evaluated histological properties at the same time points. The results indicated a gradual FA decrease during the cuprizone treatment (0, 2, 3, 4 weeks). A lower peak was seen at 1 week after the normal chow was resumed, with recovery to baseline at 2 and 4 weeks. MD and RD showed an opposing pattern to that of FA. These DTI values were positively or negatively correlated with myelin content regardless of the status of the white matter. The RD value was more sensitive to myelination status than FA and MD. We have clarified the temporal changes in the DTI values coupled with histological properties over both the demyelination and remyelination processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Yano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Japan; Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Abe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Japan; Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
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20
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Komaki Y, Komaki F, Yamada A, Micic D, Ido A, Sakuraba A. Meta-Analysis of the Risk of Immune-Related Adverse Events With Anticytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4 and Antiprogrammed Death 1 Therapies. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 103:318-331. [PMID: 28118483 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the risks of immune-related adverse events with anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) and antiprogrammed death 1 (PD1) therapies by meta-analysis. Twenty-one studies including 11,144 patients were found. Anti-CTLA4 therapy was associated with a significantly higher risk of overall immune-related adverse events: diarrhea, immune-related colitis, pruritus, and rash compared to control therapies (relative risk (RR) = 2.43, 2.10, 11.39, 3.88, 3.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.77-3.34, 1.52-2.45, 6.30-20.59, 2.37-6.37, 2.39-6.27, P < 0.001 for all outcomes). Anti-PD1 therapy was associated with a significantly higher risk of pruritus (RR = 4.01, 95% CI = 1.97 to 8.17, P < 0.001); however, it did not increase the risks of other adverse events. Anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1 therapies have distinct features of immune-related adverse events. The results of our study would aid the surveillance and management of immune-related adverse events in patients receiving these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - F Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Yamada
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - D Micic
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - A Sakuraba
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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21
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Seki F, Hikishima K, Komaki Y, Hata J, Uematsu A, Okahara N, Yamamoto M, Shinohara H, Sasaki E, Okano H. Developmental trajectories of macroanatomical structures in common marmoset brain. Neuroscience 2017; 364:143-156. [PMID: 28939259 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Morphometry studies of human brain development have revealed characteristics of some growth patterns, such as gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM), but the features that make human neurodevelopment distinct from that in other species remain unclear. Studies of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a small New World primate, can provide insights into unique features such as cooperative behaviors complementary to those from comparative analyses using mouse and rhesus monkey. In the present study, we analyzed developmental patterns of GM, WM, and cortical regions with volume measurements using longitudinal sample (23 marmosets; 11 male, 12 female) between the ages of one and 30months. Regional analysis using a total of 164 magnetic resonance imaging datasets revealed that GM volume increased before puberty (5.4months), but subsequently declined until adulthood, whereas WM volume increased rapidly before stabilizing around puberty (9.9months). Cortical regions showed similar patterns of increase and decrease, patterns with global GM but differed in the timing of volume peak and degree of decline across regions. The progressive-regressive pattern detected in both global and cortical GM was well correlated to phases of synaptogenesis and synaptic pruning reported in previous marmoset studies. A rapid increase in WM in early development may represent a distinctive aspect of human neurodevelopment. These findings suggest that studies of marmoset brain development can provide valuable comparative information that will facilitate a deeper understanding of human brain growth and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Seki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | - Keigo Hikishima
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | - Akiko Uematsu
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | - Norio Okahara
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Erika Sasaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, Wako, Japan.
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22
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Uematsu A, Hata J, Komaki Y, Seki F, Yamada C, Okahara N, Kurotaki Y, Sasaki E, Okano H. Mapping orbitofrontal-limbic maturation in non-human primates: A longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuroimage 2017; 163:55-67. [PMID: 28923274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain development involves spatiotemporally complex microstructural changes. A number of neuropsychiatric disorders are linked to the neural processes of development and aging. Thus, it is important to understanding the typical developmental patterns of various brain structures, which will help to define critical periods of vulnerability for neural maturation, as well as anatomical mechanisms of brain structure-related neuropathology. In this study, we used magnetic resonance imaging to assess development of the orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus in a non-human primate species, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). We collected a total of 114 T2-weighted and 91 diffusion-weighted scans from 23 animals from infancy to early adulthood. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of age-related brain growth patterns showed non-linear structural developmental changes in all measured brain regions, consistent with reported human data. Overall, robust volumetric growth was observed from 1 to 3 months of age (from infancy to the early juvenile period). This rapid brain growth was associated with the largest decrease in mean, axial, and radial diffusivities of diffusion tensor imaging in all brain regions, suggesting an increase in the number and size of cells, dendrites, and spines during this period. After this developmental period, the volume of various brain regions steadily increased until adolescence (7-13 months of age, depending on the region). Further, structural connectivity derived from tractography data in various brain regions continuously changed from infancy to adolescence, suggesting that the increase in brain volume was related to continued axonal myelination during adolescence. Thereafter, the volume of the cortical regions decreased considerably, while there was no change in subcortical regions. Familial factors, rather than sex, contributed the development of the front-limbic brain regions. Overall, this study provides further data on the factors and timing important for normal brain development, and suggest that the common marmoset is a useful animal model for human neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Uematsu
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Fumiko Seki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Chihoko Yamada
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Norio Okahara
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yoko Kurotaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN BSI Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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Komaki Y, Yamada A, Komaki F, Micic D, Ido A, Sakuraba A. Editorial: CT-P13, a biosimilar of anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha agent (infliximab), in inflammatory bowel diseases - authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017; 45:1372. [PMID: 28417494 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Yamada
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - F Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D Micic
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - A Sakuraba
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Sakai T, Komaki Y, Hata J, Okahara J, Okahara N, Inoue T, Mikami A, Matsui M, Oishi K, Sasaki E, Okano H. Elucidation of developmental patterns of marmoset corpus callosum through a comparative MRI in marmosets, chimpanzees, and humans. Neurosci Res 2017; 122:25-34. [PMID: 28400206 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) is present in all primate brains and is the major white matter tract connecting the cerebral hemispheres for integration of sensory, motor and higher-order cognitive information. The midsagittal area of the CC has frequently been used as a sensitive biomarker of brain development. Although the marmoset has been considered as an alternative non-human primate model for neuroscience research, the developmental patterns of the CC have not been explored. The present longitudinal study of magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated that marmosets show a rapid increase of CC during infancy, followed by a slow increase during the juvenile stage, as observed in chimpanzees and humans. Marmosets also show a tendency toward a greater increase in CC during late infancy and the juvenile stage, as observed in humans, but not in chimpanzees. However, several differences between marmosets and humans were identified. There was a tendency toward a greater maturation of the human CC during early infancy. Furthermore, there was a tendency toward a greater increase during late infancy and the juvenile stage in marmosets, compared to that observed in chimpanzees and humans. These differences in the developmental trajectories of the CC may be related to evolutional changes in social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Sakai
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Junko Okahara
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Norio Okahara
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Akichika Mikami
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan; Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Chubu Gakuin University, Seki, Gifu 504-0837, Japan
| | - Mie Matsui
- Department of Cognitive Science, Institute of Liberal Arts and Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oishi
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan; RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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Komaki Y, Yamada A, Komaki F, Micic D, Ido A, Sakuraba A. Systematic review with meta-analysis: the efficacy and safety of CT-P13, a biosimilar of anti-tumour necrosis factor-α agent (infliximab), in inflammatory bowel diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017; 45:1043-1057. [PMID: 28239873 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biosimilars of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents have now become clinically available for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of biosimilars of anti-TNF-α agents in patients with IBD. METHODS Electronic databases were searched. The outcomes were the pooled rates of clinical response or remission, sustained clinical response or remission, and adverse events in patients with IBD induced with or switched to biosimilars of anti-TNF-α agents. RESULTS Eleven observational studies reporting outcomes in 829 patients treated with biosimilar of infliximab (CT-P13) were identified. The pooled rates of clinical response among Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) at 8-14 weeks were 0.79 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.65-0.88) and 0.74 (95% CI = 0.65-0.82), respectively, and at 24-30 weeks were 0.77 (95% CI = 0.63-0.86) and 0.77 (95% CI = 0.67-0.85) respectively. Adverse events were rare (CD, 0.08 (95% CI = 0.02-0.26); UC, 0.08 (95% CI = 0.03-0.17)). The pooled rates of sustained clinical response among CD and UC after switching from infliximab to CT-P13 at 30-32 weeks were 0.85 (95% CI = 0.71-0.93) and 0.96 (95% CI = 0.58-1.00), respectively, and at 48-63 weeks were 0.75 (95% CI = 0.44-0.92) and 0.83 (95% CI = 0.19-0.99) respectively. Adverse events were rare (CD, 0.10, 95% CI = 0.02-0.31; UC, 0.22, 95% CI = 0.04-0.63). CONCLUSIONS CT-P13 was associated with excellent clinical efficacy and safety profile, supporting its use in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - A Yamada
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - F Komaki
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - D Micic
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - A Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - A Sakuraba
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
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Yoshida K, Mimura Y, Ishihara R, Nishida H, Komaki Y, Minakuchi T, Tsurugizawa T, Mimura M, Okano H, Tanaka KF, Takata N. Physiological effects of a habituation procedure for functional MRI in awake mice using a cryogenic radiofrequency probe. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 274:38-48. [PMID: 27702586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in mice is typically performed under anesthesia due to difficulties in holding the head of awake mice stably with a conventional three-point fixation method that uses a tooth-bar and earplugs. Although some studies have succeeded in fMRI in awake mice by attaching a head-post on the skull, this cannot be applied to fMRI using a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) cryogenic MRI-detector, CryoProbe, because it covers the head of a mouse closely. NEW METHOD We developed head-fixation implements for awake mice that are applicable to fMRI using CryoProbe. RESULTS A head-bar was surgically attached to the skull of a mouse that was then habituated to a mock fMRI-environment, two hours/day for eight days with physiological examinations of body-weight, fecal weight, electromyogram (EMG), and electrocardiogram. EMG power decreased with just one day of habituation, whereas heart rate decreased after at least seven days of habituation. Estimated head motions of awake mice during fMRI were significantly smaller than a voxel size. Unexpectedly, temporal SNR of fMRI signals for awake mice was higher than that for anesthetized mice held by a conventional method. Functional connectivity in the brain of both anesthetized and awake mice showed bilateral and unilateral networks. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S): fMRI using CryoProbe had been performed on anesthetized mice previously. Our method does not use anesthetics during habituation or fMRI. CONCLUSION Our method would be beneficial for translational research using fMRI in mice and humans because human fMRI is typically performed without anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yu Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ishihara
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Tomohito Minakuchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Tsurugizawa
- NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Norio Takata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan.
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Hikishima K, Ando K, Komaki Y, Kawai K, Yano R, Inoue T, Itoh T, Yamada M, Momoshima S, Okano HJ, Okano H. Voxel-based morphometry of the marmoset brain: In vivo detection of volume loss in the substantia nigra of the MPTP-treated Parkinson's disease model. Neuroscience 2015; 300:585-92. [PMID: 26012491 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Movement dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Here, we established a method for voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and automatic tissue segmentation of the marmoset monkey brain using a 7-T animal scanner and applied the method to assess DA degeneration in a PD model, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated animals, with tyrosine-hydroxylase staining. The most significant decreases of local tissue volume were detected in the bilateral SN of MPTP-treated marmoset brains (-53.0% in right and -46.5% in left) and corresponded with the location of DA neurodegeneration found in histology (-65.4% in right). In addition to the SN, the decreases were also confirmed in the locus coeruleus, and lateral hypothalamus. VBM using 7-T MRI was effective in detecting volume loss in the SN of the PD-model marmoset. This study provides a potential basis for the application of VBM with ultra-high field MRI in the clinical diagnosis of PD. The developed method may also offer value in automatic whole-brain evaluation of structural changes for the marmoset monkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hikishima
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - K Ando
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Y Komaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - K Kawai
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - R Yano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Inoue
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - T Itoh
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - M Yamada
- Faculty of Radiological Technology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - S Momoshima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H J Okano
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, Wako, Japan.
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Takata N, Yoshida K, Komaki Y, Xu M, Sakai Y, Hikishima K, Mimura M, Okano H, Tanaka KF. Optogenetic activation of CA1 pyramidal neurons at the dorsal and ventral hippocampus evokes distinct brain-wide responses revealed by mouse fMRI. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121417. [PMID: 25793741 PMCID: PMC4368201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The dorsal and ventral hippocampal regions (dHP and vHP) are proposed to have distinct functions. Electrophysiological studies have revealed intra-hippocampal variances along the dorsoventral axis. Nevertheless, the extra-hippocampal influences of dHP and vHP activities remain unclear. In this study, we compared the spatial distribution of brain-wide responses upon dHP or vHP activation and further estimate connection strengths between the dHP and the vHP with corresponding extra-hippocampal areas. To achieve this, we first investigated responses of local field potential (LFP) and multi unit activities (MUA) upon light stimulation in the hippocampus of an anesthetized transgenic mouse, whose CA1 pyramidal neurons expressed a step-function opsin variant of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). Optogenetic stimulation increased hippocampal LFP power at theta, gamma, and ultra-fast frequency bands, and augmented MUA, indicating light-induced activation of CA1 pyramidal neurons. Brain-wide responses examined using fMRI revealed that optogenetic activation at the dHP or vHP caused blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI signals in situ. Although activation at the dHP induced BOLD responses at the vHP, the opposite was not observed. Outside the hippocampal formation, activation at the dHP, but not the vHP, evoked BOLD responses at the retrosplenial cortex (RSP), which is in line with anatomical evidence. In contrast, BOLD responses at the lateral septum (LS) were induced only upon vHP activation, even though both dHP and vHP send axonal fibers to the LS. Our findings suggest that the primary targets of dHP and vHP activation are distinct, which concurs with attributed functions of the dHP and RSP in spatial memory, as well as of the vHP and LS in emotional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Takata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail: (NT); (KFT)
| | - Keitaro Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keigo Hikishima
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji F. Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (NT); (KFT)
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Hikishima K, Ando K, Yano R, Kawai K, Komaki Y, Inoue T, Itoh T, Yamada M, Momoshima S, Okano HJ, Okano H. Parkinson Disease: Diffusion MR Imaging to Detect Nigrostriatal Pathway Loss in a Marmoset Model Treated with 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. Radiology 2015; 275:430-7. [PMID: 25602507 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.14140601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the use of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) to detect denervation of the nigrostriatal pathway in a nonhuman primate model of Parkinson disease (PD) after treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by the institutional committee for animal experiments. DTI was performed in marmosets (n = 6) by using a 7-T magnetic resonance (MR) imager before and 10 weeks after administration of MPTP. Fixed brains of a normal marmoset and a marmoset model of PD (n = 1) were analyzed by using microscopic tractography. Tyrosine-hydroxylase staining of dopaminergic neurons and three-dimensional histologic analysis also were performed in normal marmosets (n = 2) and a PD marmoset model (n = 2) to validate the course of the nigrostriatal pathway revealed at tractography. Statistical analysis of voxel-based and post hoc region-of-interest analyses of DTI maps was performed by using a paired t test. RESULTS At voxel-based analysis of DTI before and after treatment, MPTP-treated marmoset brains showed significantly increased axial and radial diffusivity in the bilateral nigrostriatal pathway (P < .05, false discovery rate corrected). The largest area of significantly increased diffusivity was an area of axial diffusivity in the right hemispere (177 mm(3)) that corresponded to the location of dopaminergic neurodegeneration at histologic evaluation. Region-of-interest analysis revealed a 27% increase in axial diffusivity in the right hemisphere (1.198 mm(2)/sec ± 0.111 to 1.522 mm(2)/sec ± 0.118; P = .002). Three-dimensional histologic analysis with tyrosine-hydroxylase staining showed the course of the nigrostriatal pathway and degeneration in the PD marmoset model as the absence of a tyrosine-hydroxylase stained region. Microscopic tractography showed that the connection of the substantia nigra to the striatum followed the same course as the nigrostriatal pathway and fewer fiber tracts in the PD marmoset model. CONCLUSION DTI and microscopic tractography showed the loss of fiber structures of the nigrostriatal pathway in the marmoset model of PD. The results of this study provide a potential basis for the use of DTI in the clinical diagnosis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Hikishima
- From the Departments of Physiology (K.H., R.Y., Y.K., H.O.) and Diagnostic Radiology (S.M.), Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan (K.H., K.A., R.Y., K.K., Y.K., T. Inoue, T. Itoh); Faculty of Radiological Technology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan (M.Y.); Division of Regenerative Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (H.J.O.); and Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan (H.O.)
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Shibata S, Komaki Y, Seki F, Inouye MO, Nagai T, Okano H. Connectomics: comprehensive approaches for whole-brain mapping. Microscopy (Oxf) 2014; 64:57-67. [DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfu103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Takano M, Kawabata S, Komaki Y, Shibata S, Hikishima K, Toyama Y, Okano H, Nakamura M. Inflammatory cascades mediate synapse elimination in spinal cord compression. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:40. [PMID: 24589419 PMCID: PMC3975877 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical compressive myelopathy (CCM) is caused by chronic spinal cord compression due to spondylosis, a degenerative disc disease, and ossification of the ligaments. Tip-toe walking Yoshimura (twy) mice are reported to be an ideal animal model for CCM-related neuronal dysfunction, because they develop spontaneous spinal cord compression without any artificial manipulation. Previous histological studies showed that neurons are lost due to apoptosis in CCM, but the mechanism underlying this neurodegeneration was not fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathophysiology of CCM by evaluating the global gene expression of the compressed spinal cord and comparing the transcriptome analysis with the physical and histological findings in twy mice. Methods Twenty-week-old twy mice were divided into two groups according to the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings: a severe compression (S) group and a mild compression (M) group. The transcriptome was analyzed by microarray and RT-PCR. The cellular pathophysiology was examined by immunohistological analysis and immuno-electron microscopy. Motor function was assessed by Rotarod treadmill latency and stride-length tests. Results Severe cervical calcification caused spinal canal stenosis and low functional capacity in twy mice. The microarray analysis revealed 215 genes that showed significantly different expression levels between the S and the M groups. Pathway analysis revealed that genes expressed at higher levels in the S group were enriched for terms related to the regulation of inflammation in the compressed spinal cord. M1 macrophage-dominant inflammation was present in the S group, and cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61), an inducer of M1 macrophages, was markedly upregulated in these spinal cords. Furthermore, C1q, which initiates the classical complement cascade, was more upregulated in the S group than in the M group. The confocal and electron microscopy observations indicated that classically activated microglia/macrophages had migrated to the compressed spinal cord and eliminated synaptic terminals. Conclusions We revealed the detailed pathophysiology of the inflammatory response in an animal model of chronic spinal cord compression. Our findings suggest that complement-mediated synapse elimination is a central mechanism underlying the neurodegeneration in CCM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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Hikishima K, Sawada K, Murayama A, Komaki Y, Kawai K, Sato N, Inoue T, Itoh T, Momoshima S, Iriki A, Okano H, Sasaki E, Okano H. Atlas of the developing brain of the marmoset monkey constructed using magnetic resonance histology. Neuroscience 2013; 230:102-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Konomi T, Fujiyoshi K, Hikishima K, Komaki Y, Tsuji O, Okano HJ, Toyama Y, Okano H, Nakamura M. Conditions for quantitative evaluation of injured spinal cord by in vivo diffusion tensor imaging and tractography: Preclinical longitudinal study in common marmosets. Neuroimage 2012; 63:1841-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Fujiyoshi K, Konomi T, Yamada M, Hikishima K, Tsuji O, Komaki Y, Momoshima S, Toyama Y, Nakamura M, Okano H. Diffusion tensor imaging and tractography of the spinal cord: from experimental studies to clinical application. Exp Neurol 2012; 242:74-82. [PMID: 22868199 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging provides detailed information about biological structures. In particular, diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) are powerful tools for evaluating white matter fibers in the central nervous system. We previously established a reproducible spinal cord injury model in adult common marmosets and showed that DTT could be used to trace the neural tracts in the intact and injured spinal cord of these animals in vivo. Recently, many reports using DTT to analyze the spinal cord area have been published. Based on the findings from our experimental studies, we are now routinely performing DTT of the human spinal cord in the clinic. In this review we outline the basic principles of DTT, and describe the characteristics, limitations, and future uses of DTT to examine the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanehiro Fujiyoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Hikishima K, Quallo M, Komaki Y, Yamada M, Kawai K, Momoshima S, Okano H, Sasaki E, Tamaoki N, Lemon R, Iriki A, Okano H. Population-averaged standard template brain atlas for the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Neuroimage 2011; 54:2741-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Ichinose M, Sugiura H, Yamagata S, Koarai A, Tomaki M, Ogawa H, Komaki Y, Barnes PJ, Shirato K, Hattori T. Xanthine oxidase inhibition reduces reactive nitrogen species production in COPD airways. Eur Respir J 2003; 22:457-61. [PMID: 14516135 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.03.00052002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) have been reported to be involved in the inflammatory process in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there are no studies on the modulation of RNS in COPD. It was hypothesised that inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO) might decrease RNS production in COPD airways through the suppression of superoxide anion production. Ten COPD and six healthy subjects participated in the study. The XO inhibitor allopurinol (300 mg x day(-1) p.o. for 4 weeks) was administered to COPD patients. RNS production in the airway was assessed by 3-nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity and enzymic activity of XO in induced sputum as well as by exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) concentration. XO activity in the airway was significantly elevated in COPD compared with healthy subjects. Allopurinol administration to COPD subjects significantly decreased XO activity and nitrotyrosine formation. In contrast, eNO concentration was significantly increased by allopurinol administration. These results suggest that oral administration of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol reduces airway reactive nitrogen species production in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subjects. This intervention may be useful in the future management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ichinose
- Third Dept of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
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Koarai A, Ichinose M, Sugiura H, Tomaki M, Watanabe M, Yamagata S, Komaki Y, Shirato K, Hattori T. iNOS depletion completely diminishes reactive nitrogen-species formation after an allergic response. Eur Respir J 2002; 20:609-16. [PMID: 12358336 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.02.00274902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) shows proinflammatory actions mainly via reactive nitrogen species (RNS) formation through superoxide- and peroxidase-dependent mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in RNS production, airway hyperresponsiveness, and inflammation after allergen challenge. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitised, iNOS-deficient and wild-type mice were used. RNS production was assessed by nitrotyrosine (NT) immunoreactivity in the airways. Airway inflammation and responsiveness were evaluated by eosinophil accumulation and methacholine (i.v.) challenge, respectively. In wild-type mice, OVA-inhalation challenge increased iNOS immunoreactivity in airway epithelial cells as well as iNOS protein measured by Western blotting. The total amounts of nitrite and nitrate in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were increased, and NT immunoreactivity was also observed abundantly in airway inflammatory cells. In iNOS-deficient mice, both iNOS expression and NT formation were completely abolished, and the total amounts of nitrite and nitrate in BAL fluid were significantly decreased. In contrast, OVA-induced airway eosinophil recruitment and hyperresponsiveness were observed almost equally in wild-type and iNOS-deficient mice. These data suggest that reactive nitrogen species production after allergic reaction occurs totally via inducible nitric oxide synthase-dependent pathways. Allergen-mediated airway eosinophil recruitment and hyperresponsiveness appear to be independent of reactive nitrogen species production.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koarai
- Division of Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Abstract
A method has been developed for the chemical etching of fission tracks in polyfluoro plastics. The formation of fine holes several tens of nanometers in diameter in polyvinylidene fluoride films, bombarded by fission fragments in oxygen and etched in 5-normal sodium hydroxide solution at 85 degrees C, was confirmed by electron microscopy.
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