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Rahav N, Marrero D, Soffer A, Glickman E, Beldjilali-Labro M, Yaffe Y, Tadmor K, Leichtmann-Bardoogo Y, Ashery U, Maoz BM. Multi-Sensor Origami Platform: A Customizable System for Obtaining Spatiotemporally Precise Functional Readouts in 3D Models. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2305555. [PMID: 38634605 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Bioprinting technology offers unprecedented opportunities to construct in vitro tissue models that recapitulate the 3D morphology and functionality of native tissue. Yet, it remains difficult to obtain adequate functional readouts from such models. In particular, it is challenging to position sensors in desired locations within pre-fabricated 3D bioprinted structures. At the same time, bioprinting tissue directly onto a sensing device is not feasible due to interference with the printer head. As such, a multi-sensing platform inspired by origami that overcomes these challenges by "folding" around a separately fabricated 3D tissue structure is proposed, allowing for the insertion of electrodes into precise locations, which are custom-defined using computer-aided-design software. The multi-sensing origami platform (MSOP) can be connected to a commercial multi-electrode array (MEA) system for data-acquisition and processing. To demonstrate the platform, how integrated 3D MEA electrodes can record neuronal electrical activity in a 3D model of a neurovascular unit is shown. The MSOP also enables a microvascular endothelial network to be cultured separately and integrated with the 3D tissue structure. Accordingly, how impedance-based sensors in the platform can measure endothelial barrier function is shown. It is further demonstrated the device's versatility by using it to measure neuronal activity in brain organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Rahav
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Denise Marrero
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, 50018, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Adi Soffer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Emma Glickman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | | | - Yakey Yaffe
- Sagol Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Keshet Tadmor
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | | | - Uri Ashery
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Sagol Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Ben M Maoz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Sagol Center for Regenerative Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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2
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David SB, Ho KYL, Tanentzapf G, Zaritsky A. Formation of recurring transient Ca 2+-based intercellular communities during Drosophila hematopoiesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318155121. [PMID: 38602917 PMCID: PMC11032476 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318155121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue development occurs through a complex interplay between many individual cells. Yet, the fundamental question of how collective tissue behavior emerges from heterogeneous and noisy information processing and transfer at the single-cell level remains unknown. Here, we reveal that tissue scale signaling regulation can arise from local gap-junction mediated cell-cell signaling through the spatiotemporal establishment of an intermediate-scale of transient multicellular communication communities over the course of tissue development. We demonstrated this intermediate scale of emergent signaling using Ca2+ signaling in the intact, ex vivo cultured, live developing Drosophila hematopoietic organ, the lymph gland. Recurrent activation of these transient signaling communities defined self-organized signaling "hotspots" that gradually formed over the course of larva development. These hotspots receive and transmit information to facilitate repetitive interactions with nonhotspot neighbors. Overall, this work bridges the scales between single-cell and emergent group behavior providing key mechanistic insight into how cells establish tissue-scale communication networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saar Ben David
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva84105, Israel
| | - Kevin Y. L. Ho
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, VancouverV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Guy Tanentzapf
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, VancouverV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Assaf Zaritsky
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva84105, Israel
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3
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Ashkenazi-Preiser H, Reuven O, Uzan-Yulzari A, Komisarov S, Cirkin R, Turjeman S, Even C, Twaik N, Ben-Meir K, Mikula I, Cohen-Daniel L, Meirow Y, Pikarsky E, Louzoun Y, Koren O, Baniyash M. The Cross-talk Between Intestinal Microbiota and MDSCs Fuels Colitis-associated Cancer Development. Cancer Res Commun 2024; 4:1063-1081. [PMID: 38506672 PMCID: PMC11017962 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal chronic inflammation is associated with microbial dysbiosis and accumulation of various immune cells including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), which profoundly impact the immune microenvironment, perturb homeostasis and increase the risk to develop colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). However, the specific MDSCs-dysbiotic microbiota interactions and their collective impact on CAC development remain poorly understood. In this study, using a murine model of CAC, we demonstrate that CAC-bearing mice exhibit significantly elevated levels of highly immunosuppressive MDSCs, accompanied by microbiota alterations. Both MDSCs and bacteria that infiltrate the colon tissue and developing tumors can be found in close proximity, suggesting intricate MDSC-microbiota cross-talk within the tumor microenvironment. To investigate this phenomenon, we employed antibiotic treatment to disrupt MDSC-microbiota interactions. This intervention yielded a remarkable reduction in intestinal inflammation, decreased MDSC levels, and alleviated immunosuppression, all of which were associated with a significant reduction in tumor burden. Furthermore, we underscore the causative role of dysbiotic microbiota in the predisposition toward tumor development, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for predicting tumor load. We shed light on the intimate MDSCs-microbiota cross-talk, revealing how bacteria enhance MDSC suppressive features and activities, inhibit their differentiation into mature beneficial myeloid cells, and redirect some toward M2 macrophage phenotype. Collectively, this study uncovers the role of MDSC-bacteria cross-talk in impairing immune responses and promoting tumor growth, providing new insights into potential therapeutic strategies for CAC. SIGNIFICANCE MDSCs-dysbiotic bacteria interactions in the intestine play a crucial role in intensifying immunosuppression within the CAC microenvironment, ultimately facilitating tumor growth, highlighting potential therapeutic targets for improving the treatment outcomes of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Ashkenazi-Preiser
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Or Reuven
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | | | - Sharon Komisarov
- Department of mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Roy Cirkin
- Department of mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sondra Turjeman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Carmel Even
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Nira Twaik
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Kerem Ben-Meir
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Ivan Mikula
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Leonor Cohen-Daniel
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yaron Meirow
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yoram Louzoun
- Department of mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Omry Koren
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Michal Baniyash
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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4
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Neder I, Sirote-Katz C, Geva M, Lahini Y, Ilan R, Shokef Y. Bloch oscillations, Landau-Zener transition, and topological phase evolution in an array of coupled pendula. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310715121. [PMID: 38394241 PMCID: PMC10907251 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310715121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We experimentally and theoretically study the dynamics of a one-dimensional array of pendula with a mild spatial gradient in their self-frequency and where neighboring pendula are connected with weak and alternating coupling. We map their dynamics to the topological Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model of charged quantum particles on a lattice with alternating hopping rates in an external electric field. By directly tracking the dynamics of a wave-packet in the bulk of the lattice, we observe Bloch oscillations, Landau-Zener transitions, and coupling between the isospin (i.e., the inner wave function distribution within the unit cell) and the spatial degrees of freedom (the distribution between unit cells). We then use Bloch oscillations in the bulk to directly measure the nontrivial global topological phase winding and local geometric phase of the band. We measure an overall evolution of 3.1 [Formula: see text] 0.2 radians for the geometrical phase during the Bloch period, consistent with the expected Zak phase of [Formula: see text]. Our results demonstrate the power of classical analogs of quantum models to directly observe the topological properties of the band structure and shed light on the similarities and the differences between quantum and classical topological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izhar Neder
- Nuclear Physics and Engineering Department, Soreq Nuclear Research Center, Yavne81800, Israel
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
| | - Chaviva Sirote-Katz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
| | - Meital Geva
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
| | - Yoav Lahini
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
- Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
| | - Roni Ilan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
| | - Yair Shokef
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
- Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
- Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv69978, Israel
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima739-8526, Japan
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5
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Livne G, Gat S, Armon S, Bernheim-Groswasser A. Self-assembled active actomyosin gels spontaneously curve and wrinkle similar to biological cells and tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2309125121. [PMID: 38175871 PMCID: PMC10786314 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309125121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Living systems adopt a diversity of curved and highly dynamic shapes. These diverse morphologies appear on many length scales, from cells to tissues and organismal scales. The common driving force for these dynamic shape changes are contractile stresses generated by myosin motors in the cell cytoskeleton, that converts chemical energy into mechanical work. A good understanding of how contractile stresses in the cytoskeleton arise into different three-dimensional (3D) shapes and what are the shape selection rules that determine their final configurations is still lacking. To obtain insight into the relevant physical mechanisms, we recreate the actomyosin cytoskeleton in vitro, with precisely controlled composition and initial geometry. A set of actomyosin gel discs, intrinsically identical but of variable initial geometry, dynamically self-organize into a family of 3D shapes, such as domes and wrinkled shapes, without the need for specific preprogramming or additional regulation. Shape deformation is driven by the spontaneous emergence of stress gradients driven by myosin and is encoded in the initial disc radius to thickness aspect ratio, which may indicate shaping scalability. Our results suggest that while the dynamical pathways may depend on the detailed interactions between the different microscopic components within the gel, the final selected shapes obey the general theory of elastic deformations of thin sheets. Altogether, our results emphasize the importance for the emergence of active stress gradients for buckling-driven shape deformations and provide insights on the mechanically induced spontaneous shape transitions in contractile active matter, revealing potential shared mechanisms with living systems across scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gefen Livne
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva84105, Israel
| | - Shachar Gat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva84105, Israel
| | - Shahaf Armon
- Department of Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot76100, Israel
| | - Anne Bernheim-Groswasser
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva84105, Israel
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6
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Berl A, Shir-az O, Genish I, Biran H, Mann D, Singh A, Wise J, Kravtsov V, Kidron D, Golberg A, Vitkin E, Yakhini Z, Shalom A. Exploring multisite heterogeneity of human basal cell carcinoma proteome and transcriptome. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293744. [PMID: 37948379 PMCID: PMC10637653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer. Due to multiple, potential underlying molecular tumor aberrations, clinical treatment protocols are not well-defined. This study presents multisite molecular heterogeneity profiles of human BCC based on RNA and proteome profiling. Three areas from lesions excised from 9 patients were analyzed. The focus was gene expression profiles based on proteome and RNA measurements of intra-tumor heterogeneity from the same patient and inter-tumor heterogeneity in nodular, infiltrative, and superficial BCC tumor subtypes from different patients. We observed significant overlap in intra- and inter-tumor variability of proteome and RNA expression profiles, showing significant multisite heterogeneity of protein expression in the BCC tumors. Inter-subtype analysis has also identified unique proteins for each BCC subtype. This profiling leads to a deeper understanding of BCC molecular heterogeneity and potentially contributes to developing new sampling tools for personalized diagnostics therapeutic approaches to BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Berl
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Israel, Affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofir Shir-az
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Israel, Affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilai Genish
- Efi Arazi School of Computer Science, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Hadas Biran
- Department of Computer Science, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Din Mann
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Israel, Affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amrita Singh
- Department of Environmental Studies, Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Julia Wise
- Department of Environmental Studies, Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Vladimir Kravtsov
- Department of Pathology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Israel, Affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Debora Kidron
- Department of Pathology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Israel, Affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexander Golberg
- Department of Environmental Studies, Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Edward Vitkin
- Efi Arazi School of Computer Science, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Zohar Yakhini
- Efi Arazi School of Computer Science, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
- Department of Computer Science, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Avshalom Shalom
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Israel, Affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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7
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Peles G, Swaminathan A, Levkowitz G. Glucocorticoid-sensitive period of corticotroph development-Implications for mechanisms of early life stress. J Neuroendocrinol 2023; 35:e13229. [PMID: 36662676 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Corticotrophs are intermediaries in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which plays a crucial role in stress response in vertebrates. The HPA axis displays an intricate mode of negative feedback regulation, whereby the peripheral effector, cortisol inhibits the secretion of its upstream regulator, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing cells in the pituitary. While the feedback regulation of the HPA axis is well characterized in the adult organism, the effect of feedback regulation on the development of corticotrophs is poorly understood. Here, we studied the effect of glucocorticoids on the development of POMC-expressing cells in the zebrafish pituitary. The development of POMC cells showed a steady increase in numbers between 2-6 days post fertilization. Inhibition of endogenous glucocorticoid synthesis resulted in an increase in POMC cell number due to reduced developmental feedback inhibition of cortisol on POMC cells. Conversely, addition of exogenous dexamethasone at a critical developmental window led to a decrease in corticotroph cell number, mimicking greater feedback control due to increased cortisol levels. Finally, developmental dysregulation of ACTH levels resulted in impaired anxiety-like and stress-coping behaviours. Hence, we identified a sensitive developmental window for the effect of glucocorticoids on corticotrophs and demonstrate the downstream effect on stress-responsive behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Peles
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amrutha Swaminathan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gil Levkowitz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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8
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Zupo V, Costantini M, Aflalo ED, Levy T, Chalifa-Caspi V, Obayomi O, Mutalipassi M, Ruocco N, Glaviano F, Somma E, Nieri P, Sagi A. Ferroptosis precedes apoptosis to facilitate specific death signalling by fatty acids. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231327. [PMID: 37876198 PMCID: PMC10598420 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is physiologically induced by specific mediators. However, our power to trigger the process in selected cells is quite limited. The protandric shrimp Hippolyte inermis offers a possible answer. Here, we analyse a de novo transcriptome of shrimp post-larvae fed on diatoms. The sex ratio of diatom-fed shrimps versus shrimps fed on control diets was dramatically altered, demonstrating the disruption of the androgenic gland, and their transcriptome revealed key modifications in gene expression. A wide transcriptomic analysis, validated by real-time qPCR, revealed that ferroptosis represents the primary factor to re-shape the body of this invertebrate, followed by further apoptotic events, and our findings open biotechnological perspectives for controlling the destiny of selected tissues. Ferroptosis was detected here for the first time in a crustacean. In addition, this is the first demonstration of a noticeable effect prompted by an ingested food, deeply impacting the gene networks of a young metazoan, definitely determining its future physiology and sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Zupo
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Dohrn, Ischia, Italy
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Eliahu D. Aflalo
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PO Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Achva Academic College, Mobile Post, Shikmim 79800, Israel
| | - Tom Levy
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Hopkins Marine Station, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - Vered Chalifa-Caspi
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Olabiyi Obayomi
- Interdepartmental Center of Marine Pharmacology, Pisa University, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel
| | - Mirko Mutalipassi
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Nadia Ruocco
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C. da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy
| | - Francesca Glaviano
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Dohrn, Ischia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Somma
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Dohrn, Ischia, Italy
- Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, Pisa University, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Amir Sagi
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PO Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PO Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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9
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Yadid M, Hagel M, Labro MB, Le Roi B, Flaxer C, Flaxer E, Barnea AR, Tejman‐Yarden S, Silberman E, Li X, Rauti R, Leichtmann‐Bardoogo Y, Yuan H, Maoz BM. A Platform for Assessing Cellular Contractile Function Based on Magnetic Manipulation of Magnetoresponsive Hydrogel Films. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2207498. [PMID: 37485582 PMCID: PMC10520681 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in in vitro cardiac modeling approaches, researchers still lack the capacity to obtain in vitro measurements of a key indicator of cardiac function: contractility, or stroke volume under specific loading conditions-defined as the pressures to which the heart is subjected prior to and during contraction. This work puts forward a platform that creates this capability, by providing a means of dynamically controlling loading conditions in vitro. This dynamic tissue loading platform consists of a thin magnetoresponsive hydrogel cantilever on which 2D engineered myocardial tissue is cultured. Exposing the cantilever to an external magnetic field-generated by positioning magnets at a controlled distance from the cantilever-causes the hydrogel film to stretch, creating tissue load. Next, cell contraction is induced through electrical stimulation, and the force of the contraction is recorded, by measuring the cantilever's deflection. Force-length-based measurements of contractility are then derived, comparable to clinical measurements. In an illustrative application, the platform is used to measure contractility both in untreated myocardial tissue and in tissue exposed to an inotropic agent. Clear differences are observed between conditions, suggesting that the proposed platform has significant potential to provide clinically relevant measurements of contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Yadid
- The Azrieli Faculty of MedicineBar Ilan University8 Henrietta Szold St.Safed1311502Israel
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
| | - Mario Hagel
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
| | | | - Baptiste Le Roi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
| | - Carina Flaxer
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
| | - Eli Flaxer
- AFEKA – Tel‐Aviv Academic College of EngineeringTel‐Aviv69107Israel
| | - A. Ronny Barnea
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
| | - Shai Tejman‐Yarden
- The Edmond J. Safra International Congenital Heart CenterSheba Medical CenterRamat Gan52621Israel
- The Engineering Medical Research LabSheba Medical CenterRamat Gan52621Israel
- The Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
| | - Eric Silberman
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
| | - Xin Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics and Smart ManufacturingDepartment of Mechanics and Aerospace EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Rossana Rauti
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of Urbino Carlo BoUrbino61029Italy
| | | | - Hongyan Yuan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Soft Mechanics and Smart ManufacturingDepartment of Mechanics and Aerospace EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Ben M. Maoz
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and NanotechnologyTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel
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10
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Naim G, Bruchiel-Spanier N, Betsis S, Eliaz N, Mandler D. Vat Polymerization by Three-Dimensional Printing and Curing of Antibacterial Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Embedded in Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3586. [PMID: 37688212 PMCID: PMC10490083 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Digital light processing (DLP) is a vat photopolymerization 3D printing technique with increasingly broad application prospects, particularly in personalized medicine, such as the creation of medical devices. Different resins and printing parameters affect the functionality of these devices. One of the many problems that biomedical implants encounter is inflammation and bacteria growth. For this reason, many studies turn to the addition of antibacterial agents to either the bulk material or as a coating. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have shown desirable properties, including antibacterial activity with negligible toxicity to the human body, allowing their use in a wide range of applications. In this project, we developed a resin of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), a cross-linker known for its excellent mechanical properties and high biocompatibility in a 4:1 weight ratio of monomers to water. The material's mechanical properties (Young's modulus, maximum elongation, and ultimate tensile strength) were found similar to those of human cartilage. Furthermore, the ZnO NPs embedding matrix showed strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.A.). As the ZnO NPs ratio was changed, only a minor effect on the mechanical properties of the material was observed, whereas strong antibacterial properties against both bacteria were achieved in the case of 1.5 wt.% NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Naim
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (G.N.); (N.B.-S.); (S.B.)
| | - Netta Bruchiel-Spanier
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (G.N.); (N.B.-S.); (S.B.)
| | - Shelly Betsis
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (G.N.); (N.B.-S.); (S.B.)
| | - Noam Eliaz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Daniel Mandler
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (G.N.); (N.B.-S.); (S.B.)
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11
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Gliner V, Makarov V, Avetisyan AI, Schuster A, Yaniv Y. Using domain adaptation for classification of healthy and disease conditions from mobile-captured images of standard 12-lead electrocardiograms. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14023. [PMID: 37640921 PMCID: PMC10462630 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings can be collected in any clinic and the interpretation is performed by a clinician. Modern machine learning tools may make them automatable. However, a large fraction of 12-lead ECG data is still available in printed paper or image only and comes in various formats. To digitize the data, smartphone cameras can be used. Nevertheless, this approach may introduce various artifacts and occlusions into the obtained images. Here we overcome the challenges of automating 12-lead ECG analysis using mobile-captured images and a deep neural network that is trained using a domain adversarial approach. The net achieved an average 0.91 receiver operating characteristic curve on tested images captured by a mobile device. Assessment on image from unseen 12-lead ECG formats that the network was not trained on achieved high accuracy. We further show that the network accuracy can be improved by including a small number of unlabeled samples from unknown formats in the training data. Finally, our models also achieve high accuracy using signals as input rather than images. Using a domain adaptation approach, we successfully classified cardiac conditions on images acquired by a mobile device and showed the generalizability of the classification using various unseen image formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Gliner
- Computer Science Department, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Vladimir Makarov
- System Programming Lab, Novgorod State University, Veliky Novgorod, Russia
| | - Arutyun I Avetisyan
- Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Assaf Schuster
- Computer Science Department, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yael Yaniv
- Laboratory of Bioenergetic and Bioelectric Systems, Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel.
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12
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Eigemann F, Rahav E, Grossart HP, Aharonovich D, Voss M, Sher D. Phytoplankton Producer Species and Transformation of Released Compounds over Time Define Bacterial Communities following Phytoplankton Dissolved Organic Matter Pulses. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0053923. [PMID: 37409944 PMCID: PMC10370336 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00539-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytoplankton-bacterium interactions are mediated, in part, by phytoplankton-released dissolved organic matter (DOMp). Two factors that shape the bacterial community accompanying phytoplankton are (i) the phytoplankton producer species, defining the initial composition of released DOMp, and (ii) the DOMp transformation over time. We added phytoplankton DOMp from the diatom Skeletonema marinoi and the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus MIT9312 to natural bacterial communities from the eastern Mediterranean and determined the bacterial responses over a time course of 72 h in terms of cell numbers, bacterial production, alkaline phosphatase activity, and changes in active bacterial community composition based on rRNA amplicon sequencing. Both DOMp types were demonstrated to serve the bacterial community as carbon and, potentially, phosphorus sources. Bacterial communities in diatom-derived DOM treatments maintained higher Shannon diversities throughout the experiment and yielded higher bacterial production and lower alkaline phosphatase activity compared to cyanobacterium-derived DOM after 24 h of incubation (but not after 48 and 72 h), indicating greater bacterial usability of diatom-derived DOM. Bacterial communities significantly differed between DOMp types as well as between different incubation times, pointing to a certain bacterial specificity for the DOMp producer as well as a successive utilization of phytoplankton DOM by different bacterial taxa over time. The highest differences in bacterial community composition with DOMp types occurred shortly after DOMp additions, suggesting a high specificity toward highly bioavailable DOMp compounds. We conclude that phytoplankton-associated bacterial communities are strongly shaped by the phytoplankton producer as well as the transformation of its released DOMp over time. IMPORTANCE Phytoplankton-bacterium interactions influence biogeochemical cycles of global importance. Phytoplankton photosynthetically fix carbon dioxide and subsequently release the synthesized compounds as dissolved organic matter (DOMp), which becomes processed and recycled by heterotrophic bacteria. Yet the importance of phytoplankton producers in combination with the time-dependent transformation of DOMp compounds on the accompanying bacterial community has not been explored in detail. The diatom Skeletonema marinoi and the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus MIT9312 belong to globally important phytoplankton genera, and our study revealed that DOMp of both species was selectively incorporated by the bacterial community. The producer species had the highest impact shortly after DOMp appropriation, and its effect diminished over time. Our results improve the understanding of the dynamics of organic matter produced by phytoplankton in the oceans as it is utilized and modified by cooccurring bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Eigemann
- Water Quality Engineering, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemuende, Germany
| | - Eyal Rahav
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
- Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Maren Voss
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemuende, Germany
| | - Daniel Sher
- Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University Haifa, Israel
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13
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Rauti R, Navok S, Biran D, Tadmor K, Leichtmann-Bardoogo Y, Ron EZ, Maoz BM. Insight on Bacterial Newborn Meningitis Using a Neurovascular-Unit-on-a-Chip. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0123323. [PMID: 37222614 PMCID: PMC10269748 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01233-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the pathogenesis of bacterial infections is critical for combatting them. For some infections, animal models are inadequate and functional genomic studies are not possible. One example is bacterial meningitis, a life-threatening infection with high mortality and morbidity. Here, we used the newly developed, physiologically relevant, organ-on-a-chip platform integrating the endothelium with neurons, closely mimicking in vivo conditions. Using high-magnification microscopy, permeability measurements, electrophysiological recordings, and immunofluorescence staining, we studied the dynamic by which the pathogens cross the blood-brain barrier and damage the neurons. Our work opens up possibilities for performing large-scale screens with bacterial mutant libraries for identifying the virulence genes involved in meningitis and determining the role of these genes, including various capsule types, in the infection process. These data are essential for understanding and therapy of bacterial meningitis. Moreover, our system offers possibilities for the study of additional infections-bacterial, fungal, and viral. IMPORTANCE The interactions of newborn meningitis (NBM) with the neurovascular unit are very complex and are hard to study. This work presents a new platform to study NBM in a system that enables monitoring of multicellular interactions and identifies processes that were not observed before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Rauti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Sharon Navok
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dvora Biran
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Keshet Tadmor
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Eliora Z. Ron
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ben M. Maoz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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14
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Barak N, Fadeev E, Brekhman V, Aharonovich D, Lotan T, Sher D. Selecting 16S rRNA Primers for Microbiome Analysis in a Host-Microbe System: The Case of the Jellyfish Rhopilema nomadica. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040955. [PMID: 37110378 PMCID: PMC10144005 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene is extensively used to characterize bacterial communities, including those living in association with eukaryotic hosts. Deciding which region of the 16S rRNA gene to analyze and selecting the appropriate PCR primers remains a major decision when initiating any new microbiome study. Based on a detailed literature survey of studies focusing on cnidarian microbiomes, we compared three commonly used primers targeting different hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene, V1V2, V3V4, and V4V5, using the jellyfish Rhopilema nomadica as a model. Although all primers exhibit a similar pattern in bacterial community composition, the performance of the V3V4 primer set was superior to V1V2 and V4V5. The V1V2 primers misclassified bacteria from the Bacilli class and exhibited low classification resolution for Rickettsiales, which represent the second most abundant 16S rRNA gene sequence in all the primers. The V4V5 primer set detected almost the same community composition as the V3V4, but the ability of these primers to also amplify the eukaryotic 18S rRNA gene may hinder bacterial community observations. However, after overcoming the challenges possessed by each one of those primers, we found that all three of them show very similar bacterial community dynamics and compositions. Nevertheless, based on our results, we propose that the V3V4 primer set is potentially the most suitable for studying jellyfish-associated bacterial communities. Our results suggest that, at least for jellyfish samples, it may be feasible to directly compare microbial community estimates from different studies, each using different primers but otherwise similar experimental protocols. More generally, we recommend specifically testing different primers for each new organism or system as a prelude to large-scale 16S rRNA gene amplicon analyses, especially of previously unstudied host-microbe associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noga Barak
- Marine Biology Department, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Eduard Fadeev
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vera Brekhman
- Marine Biology Department, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Dikla Aharonovich
- Marine Biology Department, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Tamar Lotan
- Marine Biology Department, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Daniel Sher
- Marine Biology Department, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
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15
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Levakov G, Kaplan A, Yaskolka Meir A, Rinott E, Tsaban G, Zelicha H, Blüher M, Ceglarek U, Stumvoll M, Shelef I, Avidan G, Shai I. The effect of weight loss following 18 months of lifestyle intervention on brain age assessed with resting-state functional connectivity. eLife 2023; 12:e83604. [PMID: 37022140 PMCID: PMC10174688 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity negatively impacts multiple bodily systems, including the central nervous system. Retrospective studies that estimated chronological age from neuroimaging have found accelerated brain aging in obesity, but it is unclear how this estimation would be affected by weight loss following a lifestyle intervention. Methods In a sub-study of 102 participants of the Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial Polyphenols Unprocessed Study (DIRECT-PLUS) trial, we tested the effect of weight loss following 18 months of lifestyle intervention on predicted brain age based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-assessed resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). We further examined how dynamics in multiple health factors, including anthropometric measurements, blood biomarkers, and fat deposition, can account for changes in brain age. Results To establish our method, we first demonstrated that our model could successfully predict chronological age from RSFC in three cohorts (n=291;358;102). We then found that among the DIRECT-PLUS participants, 1% of body weight loss resulted in an 8.9 months' attenuation of brain age. Attenuation of brain age was significantly associated with improved liver biomarkers, decreased liver fat, and visceral and deep subcutaneous adipose tissues after 18 months of intervention. Finally, we showed that lower consumption of processed food, sweets and beverages were associated with attenuated brain age. Conclusions Successful weight loss following lifestyle intervention might have a beneficial effect on the trajectory of brain aging. Funding The German Research Foundation (DFG), German Research Foundation - project number 209933838 - SFB 1052; B11, Israel Ministry of Health grant 87472511 (to I Shai); Israel Ministry of Science and Technology grant 3-13604 (to I Shai); and the California Walnuts Commission 09933838 SFB 105 (to I Shai).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gidon Levakov
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Alon Kaplan
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Chaim Sheba Medical CenterRamat-GanIsrael
| | - Anat Yaskolka Meir
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Ehud Rinott
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Gal Tsaban
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Hila Zelicha
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | | | - Uta Ceglarek
- Department of Medicine, University of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | | | - Ilan Shelef
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Soroka Medical CenterBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Galia Avidan
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Iris Shai
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
- Department of Medicine, University of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonUnited States
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16
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Shipunova VO, Belova MM, Kotelnikova PA, Shilova ON, Mirkasymov AB, Danilova NV, Komedchikova EN, Popovtzer R, Deyev SM, Nikitin MP. Photothermal Therapy with HER2-Targeted Silver Nanoparticles Leading to Cancer Remission. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1013. [PMID: 35631598 PMCID: PMC9145338 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles exhibiting the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon are promising tools for diagnostics and cancer treatment. Among widely used metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) possess the strongest light scattering and surface plasmon strength. However, the therapeutic potential of Ag NPs has until now been underestimated. Here we show targeted photothermal therapy of solid tumors with 35 nm HER2-targeted Ag NPs, which were produced by the green synthesis using an aqueous extract of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Light irradiation tests demonstrated effective hyperthermic properties of these NPs, namely heating by 10 °C in 10 min. To mediate targeted cancer therapy, Ag NPs were conjugated to the scaffold polypeptide, affibody ZHER2:342, which recognizes a clinically relevant oncomarker HER2. The conjugation was mediated by the PEG linker to obtain Ag-PEG-HER2 nanoparticles. Flow cytometry tests showed that Ag-PEG-HER2 particles successfully bind to HER2-overexpressing cells with a specificity comparable to that of full-size anti-HER2 IgGs. A confocal microscopy study showed efficient internalization of Ag-PEG-HER2 into cells in less than 2 h of incubation. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated effective cell death upon exposure to Ag-PEG-HER2 and irradiation, caused by the production of reactive oxygen species. Xenograft tumor therapy with Ag-PEG-HER2 particles in vivo resulted in full primary tumor regression and the prevention of metastatic spread. Thus, for the first time, we have shown that HER2-directed plasmonic Ag nanoparticles are effective sensitizers for targeted photothermal oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria O. Shipunova
- Department of Nanobiomedicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.M.B.); (M.P.N.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.K.); (O.N.S.); (A.B.M.); (S.M.D.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy Per., 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia;
| | - Mariia M. Belova
- Department of Nanobiomedicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.M.B.); (M.P.N.)
| | - Polina A. Kotelnikova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.K.); (O.N.S.); (A.B.M.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Olga N. Shilova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.K.); (O.N.S.); (A.B.M.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Aziz B. Mirkasymov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.K.); (O.N.S.); (A.B.M.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Natalia V. Danilova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Elena N. Komedchikova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy Per., 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia;
| | - Rachela Popovtzer
- Faculty of Engineering, Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel;
| | - Sergey M. Deyev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.K.); (O.N.S.); (A.B.M.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Maxim P. Nikitin
- Department of Nanobiomedicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.M.B.); (M.P.N.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy Per., 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia;
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17
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Awad W, Kritman M, Ferreira G, Maroun M. Differential Recruitment of the Infralimbic Cortex in Recent and Remote Retrieval and Extinction of Aversive Memory in Post-Weanling Rats. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 25:489-497. [PMID: 35134947 PMCID: PMC9211009 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed that the infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex (IL-mPFC) plays an important role in recent and remote memory retrieval and extinction of conditioned odor aversion (COA) and contextual fear conditioning (CFC) in adult rats. Because the mPFC undergoes maturation during post-weaning, here, we aimed to explore (1) whether post-weanling rats can form recent and remote COA and CFC memory, and (2) the role of the IL-mPFC in mediating these processes. METHODS To investigate the retrieval process, we transiently inactivated the IL-mPFC with lidocaine prior to the retrieval test at either recent or remote time points. To target the consolidation process, we applied the protein synthesis inhibitor after the retrieval at recent or remote time points. RESULTS Our results show that the post-weanling animals were able to develop both recent and remote memory of both COA and CFC. IL-mPFC manipulations had no effect on retrieval or extinction of recent and remote COA memory, suggesting that the IL has no effect in COA at this developmental stage. In contrast, the IL-mPFC played a role in (1) the extinction of recent, but not remote, CFC memory, and (2) the retrieval of remote, but not recent, CFC memory. Moreover, remote, but not recent, CFC retrieval enhanced c-Fos protein expression in the IL-mPFC. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results point to a differential role of the IL-mPFC in recent and remote CFC memory retrieval and extinction and further confirm the differences in the role of IL-mPFC in these processes in post-weanling and adult animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mouna Maroun
- Correspondence: Mouna Maroun, PhD, Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 31095, Israel ()
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18
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Abstract
Compared with gains, losses have received a substantial amount of research and public attention. The present study aims to shed light on the positive gains associated with older age from the perspective of older women. Five focus groups with 19 Israeli women over the age of 54 were conducted. Trailers of three different films were used to stimulate discussion about old age and aging and allow for reflections on societal norms in light of personal experiences. Focus group interviews were analyzed thematically. Respondents identified four contexts, characterized by reframing their experiences against societal norms. These included gender stereotypes, physical appearance, interpersonal relations, and employment. This study represents an opening to a different discourse around old age, which is characterized by gains and possibilities brought about by changes in reframing one’s experiences, while distancing oneself and exerting free will vis à vis social norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Ayalon
- Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Israel
- Liat Ayalon, Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel.
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19
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Atzitz Y, Dudaie M, Barnea I, Shaked NT. Sperm Inspection for In Vitro Fertilization via Self-Assembled Microdroplet Formation and Quantitative Phase Microscopy. Cells 2021; 10:3317. [PMID: 34943823 PMCID: PMC8699486 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new method for the selection of individual sperm cells using a microfluidic device that automatically traps each cell in a separate microdroplet that then individually self-assembles with other microdroplets, permitting the controlled measurement of the cells using quantitative phase microscopy. Following cell trapping and droplet formation, we utilize quantitative phase microscopy integrated with bright-field imaging for individual sperm morphology and motility inspection. We then perform individual sperm selection using a single-cell micromanipulator, which is enhanced by the microdroplet-trapping procedure described above. This method can improve sperm selection for intracytoplasmic sperm injection, a common type of in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Natan T. Shaked
- Department of Biomedical, Engineering Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (Y.A.); (M.D.); (I.B.)
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20
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Abstract
Optical imaging through scattering media is a fundamental challenge in many applications. Recently, breakthroughs such as imaging through biological tissues and looking around corners have been obtained via wavefront-shaping approaches. However, these require an implanted guidestar for determining the wavefront correction, controlled coherent illumination, and most often raster scanning of the shaped focus. Alternative novel computational approaches that exploit speckle correlations avoid guidestars and wavefront control but are limited to small two-dimensional objects contained within the "memory-effect" correlation range. Here, we present a new concept, image-guided wavefront shaping, allowing widefield noninvasive, guidestar-free, incoherent imaging through highly scattering layers, without illumination control. The wavefront correction is found even for objects that are larger than the memory-effect range, by blindly optimizing image quality metrics. We demonstrate imaging of extended objects through highly scattering layers and multicore fibers, paving the way for noninvasive imaging in various applications, from microscopy to endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Yeminy
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ori Katz
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
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