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Shinoda Y, Haga Y, Akagawa K, Fukunaga K. Wildtype σ1 receptor and the receptor agonist improve ALS-associated mutation-induced insolubility and toxicity. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:17573-17587. [PMID: 33453999 PMCID: PMC7762949 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations related to ALS, a progressive neurological disease, have been discovered in the gene encoding σ-1 receptor (σ1R). We previously reported that σ1RE102Q elicits toxicity in cells. The σ1R forms oligomeric states that are regulated by ligands. Nevertheless, little is known about the effect of ALS-related mutations on oligomer formation. Here, we transfected NSC-34 cells, a motor neuronal cell line, and HEK293T cells with σ1R-mCherry (mCh), σ1RE102Q-mCh, or nontagged forms to investigate detergent solubility and subcellular distribution using immunocytochemistry and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. The oligomeric state was determined using crosslinking procedure. σ1Rs were soluble to detergents, whereas the mutants accumulated in the insoluble fraction. Within the soluble fraction, peak distribution of mutants appeared in higher sucrose density fractions. Mutants formed intracellular aggregates that were co-stained with p62, ubiquitin, and phosphorylated pancreatic eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2-α kinase in NSC-34 cells but not in HEK293T cells. The aggregates had significantly lower recovery in fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Acute treatment with σ1R agonist SA4503 failed to improve recovery, whereas prolonged treatment for 48 h significantly decreased σ1RE102Q-mCh insolubility and inhibited apoptosis. Whereas σ1R-mCh formed monomers and dimers, σ1RE102Q-mCh also formed trimers and tetramers. SA4503 reduced accumulation of the four types in the insoluble fraction and increased monomers in the soluble fraction. The σ1RE102Q insolubility was diminished by σ1R-mCh co-expression. These results suggest that the agonist and WT σ1R modify the detergent insolubility, toxicity, and oligomeric state of σ1RE102Q, which may lead to promising new treatments for σ1R-related ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuharu Shinoda
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yudai Haga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koichiro Akagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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2
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Schildt A, de Vries EFJ, Willemsen ATM, Giacobbo BL, Moraga-Amaro R, Sijbesma JWA, van Waarde A, Sossi V, Dierckx RAJO, Doorduin J. Effect of Dopamine D 2 Receptor Antagonists on [ 18F]-FEOBV Binding. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:865-872. [PMID: 32011892 PMCID: PMC7054895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The
interaction of dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission
in, e.g., Parkinson’s disease has been well established. Here,
D2 receptor antagonists were used to assess changes in
[18F]-FEOBV binding to the vesicular acetylcholine transporter
(VAChT) in rodents using positron emission tomography (PET). After
pretreatment with either 10 mg/kg haloperidol, 1 mg/kg raclopride,
or vehicle, 90 min dynamic PET scans were performed with arterial
blood sampling. The net influx rate (Ki) was obtained from Patlak graphical analysis, using a metabolite-corrected
plasma input function and dynamic PET data. [18F]-FEOBV
concentration in whole-blood or plasma and the metabolite-corrected
plasma input function were not significantly changed by the pretreatments
(adjusted p > 0.07, Cohen’s d 0.28–1.89) while the area-under-the-curve (AUC) of the parent
fraction of [18F]-FEOBV was significantly higher after
haloperidol treatment (adjusted p = 0.022, Cohen’s d = 2.51) than in controls. Compared to controls, the AUC
of [18F]-FEOBV, normalized for injected dose and body weight,
was nonsignificantly increased in the striatum after haloperidol (adjusted p = 0.4, Cohen’s d = 1.77) and raclopride
(adjusted p = 0.052, Cohen’s d = 1.49) treatment, respectively. No changes in the AUC of [18F]-FEOBV were found in the cerebellum (Cohen’s d 0.63–0.74). Raclopride treatment nonsignificantly
increased Ki in the striatum 1.3-fold
compared to control rats (adjusted p = 0.1, Cohen’s d = 1.1) while it reduced Ki in the cerebellum by 28% (adjusted p = 0.0004,
Cohen’s d = 2.2) compared to control rats.
Pretreatment with haloperidol led to a nonsignificant reduction in Ki in the striatum (10%, adjusted p = 1, Cohen’s d = 0.44) and a 40–50%
lower Ki than controls in all other brain
regions (adjusted p < 0.0005, Cohen’s d = 3.3–4.7). The changes in Ki induced by the selective D2 receptor antagonist
raclopride can in part be quantified using [18F]-FEOBV
PET imaging. Haloperidol, a nonselective D2/σ receptor
antagonist, either paradoxically decreased cholinergic activity or
blocked off-target [18F]-FEOBV binding to σ receptors.
Hence, further studies evaluating the binding of [18F]-FEOBV
to σ receptors using selective σ receptor ligands are
necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schildt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 143-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Antoon T M Willemsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Moraga-Amaro
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen W A Sijbesma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Aren van Waarde
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Vesna Sossi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 143-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Janine Doorduin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
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Tu Z, Wang W, Cui J, Zhang X, Lu X, Xu J, Parsons SM. Synthesis and evaluation of in vitro bioactivity for vesicular acetylcholine transporter inhibitors containing two carbonyl groups. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4422-9. [PMID: 22739089 PMCID: PMC3389281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
To identify selective high-affinity ligands for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), we have incorporated a carbonyl group into the structures of trozamicol and prezamicol scaffolds, and also converted the secondary amines of the piperidines of trozamicols and prezamicols into amides. Of 18 new racemic compounds, 4 compounds displayed high affinity for VAChT (K(i)=10-20 nM) and greater than 300-fold selectivity for VAChT over σ(1) and σ(2) receptors, namely (4-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-4'-hydroxy-[1,3'-bipiperidin]-1'-yl)(3-methylthiophen-2-yl)methanone oxalate (9g) (K(i-VAChT)=11.4 nM, VAChT/σ(1)=1063, VAChT/σ(2)=370), (1'-benzoyl-4'-hydroxy-[1,3'-bipiperidin]-4-yl)(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone oxalate (10c) (K(i-VAChT)=15.4 nM, VAChT/σ(1)=374, VAChT/σ(2)=315), (4'-hydroxy-1'-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)-[1,3'-bipiperidin]-4-yl)(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone oxalate (10e) (K(i-VAChT)=19.0 nM, VAChT/σ(1)=1787, VAChT/σ(2)=335), and (4'-hydroxy-1'-(3-methylthiophene-2-carbonyl)-[1,3'-bipiperidin]-4-yl)(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone oxalate (10g) (K(i-VAChT)=10.2 nM, VAChT/σ(1)=1500, VAChT/σ(2)=2030). These four compounds can be radiosynthesized with C-11 or F-18 to validate their possibilities of serving as PET probes for quantifying the levels of VAChT in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhude Tu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
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Shioda N, Ishikawa K, Tagashira H, Ishizuka T, Yawo H, Fukunaga K. Expression of a truncated form of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein, σ1 receptor, promotes mitochondrial energy depletion and apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:23318-31. [PMID: 22619170 PMCID: PMC3390610 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.349142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The σ1 receptor (σ(1)R) regulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/mitochondrial interorganellar Ca(2+) mobilization through the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP(3)R). Here, we observed that expression of a novel splice variant of σ(1)R, termed short form σ(1)R (σ(1)SR), has a detrimental effect on mitochondrial energy production and cell survival. σ(1)SR mRNA lacks 47 ribonucleotides encoding exon 2, resulting in a frameshift and formation of a truncated receptor. σ(1)SR localizes primarily in the ER at perinuclear regions and forms a complex with σ(1)R but not with IP(3)R in the mitochondrion-associated ER membrane. Overexpression of both σ(1)R and the truncated isoform promotes mitochondrial elongation with increased ER mitochondrial contact surface. σ(1)R overexpression increases the efficiency of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake in response to IP(3)R-driven stimuli, whereas σ(1)SR overexpression reduces it. Most importantly, σ(1)R promotes ATP production via increased mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake, promoting cell survival in the presence of ER stress. By contrast, σ(1)SR suppresses ATP production following ER stress, enhancing cell death. Taken together, the newly identified σ(1)SR isoform interferes with σ(1)R function relevant to mitochondrial energy production under ER stress conditions, promoting cellular apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi Shioda
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 and
| | - Kiyoshi Ishikawa
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 and
| | - Hideaki Tagashira
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 and
| | - Toru Ishizuka
- the Department of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yawo
- the Department of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 and
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5
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Fishback JA, Mesangeau C, Poupaert JH, McCurdy CR, Matsumoto RR. Synthesis and characterization of [³H]-SN56, a novel radioligand for the σ₁ receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 653:1-7. [PMID: 21130085 PMCID: PMC3726058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.10.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study of the binding characteristics of σ ligands in vivo and in vitro requires radiolabeled probes with high affinity and selectivity. The radioligand presently used for in vitro studies of the σ₁ receptor, [³H](+)-pentazocine, has significant limitations; it is difficult to synthesize, has limited chemical stability, and can be problematic to obtain. Evaluation of a series of novel 2(3H)-benzothiazolone compounds revealed SN56 to have sub-nanomolar and preferential affinity for the σ₁ subtype, relative to σ₂ and non-sigma, binding sites. The goal of this study was to characterize the binding of [³H]-SN56 to σ₁ receptors isolated from rat brain. Standard in vitro binding techniques were utilized to 1) determine the specificity and affinity of binding to σ₁ receptors, 2) confirm that[³H]-SN56 labels sites previously identified as σ₁ by comparing binding to sites labeled by [³H](+)-pentazocine, and 3) characterize the kinetics of binding. The results indicate that [³H]-SN56 exhibits 1) specific, saturable, and reversible binding to the σ₁ receptor, with B(max)=340±10 fmol/mg and K(d)=0.069±0.0074 nM, 2) competitive displacement by classical sigma compounds, yielding σ₁ K(i) values consistent with those reported in the literature, and 3) binding kinetics compatible with a 90 min incubation, and filtration for separation of free and bound radioligand. The results of these studies suggest that [(3)H]-SN56 may serve as a viable alternative to [³H](+)-pentazocine in radioligand binding assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Fishback
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Christophe Mesangeau
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Jacques H. Poupaert
- Universite Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 74, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Rae R. Matsumoto
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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Mercer SL, Shaikh J, Traynor JR, Matsumoto RR, Coop A. Nitrile analogs of meperidine as high affinity and selective sigma-1 receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43:1304-8. [PMID: 17988766 PMCID: PMC2486414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2007] [Revised: 09/25/2007] [Accepted: 09/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-substituted-4-cyano-4-phenylpiperidine analogs were synthesized and evaluated for binding affinity at opioid receptors and showed no affinity. The series similarity to previously reported sigma ligands prompted analysis at sigma receptors to determine the SAR for affinity at sigma receptors. Within the N-substituent series the saturated analogs showed increased affinity at both sigma receptors. Optimal chain length in the N-arylalkyl series for sigma(1) and sigma(2) receptors proved to be N-propylphenyl; extension to a four carbon chain dramatically decreased affinity at both receptors. Substituents in the 4-position affect only sigma(1) affinity; no change in affinity at sigma(2) was shown. The N-isobutyl, N-phenylpropyl, and N-benzyl analogs are worth pursuing due to their good affinity and selectivity at the sigma(1) receptor, whereas the N-benzyl analog exhibits the greatest selectivity for sigma(1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L. Mercer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jamaluddin Shaikh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, 303 Faser Hall, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - John R. Traynor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rae R. Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, 303 Faser Hall, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Andrew Coop
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Thurgur C, Church J. The anticonvulsant actions of sigma receptor ligands in the Mg2+-free model of epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices. Br J Pharmacol 1998; 124:917-29. [PMID: 9692777 PMCID: PMC1565460 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
1. The anticonvulsant potency of a series of structurally-dissimilar compounds which possess nanomolar affinities for high-affinity sigma binding sites was examined in the Mg2+-free model of epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices. Extracellular field potential recordings in the CA1 region were employed to examine the effects of test compounds on spontaneous epileptiform activity and multiple population spikes evoked by stimulation of the Schaffer collateral-commissural pathway. 2. Applied at sigma site-selective (i.e. nanomolar) concentrations, dextromethorphan, ditolylguanidine, caramiphen and opipramol failed to modify Mg2+-free epileptiform activity; neither pro- nor anticonvulsant effects were observed. However, applied at micromolar concentrations, these and additional test compounds reversibly inhibited orthodromically-evoked epileptiform field potentials with a rank order potency (IC50 values in microM): dextrorphan (1.5) > ifenprodil (6.3) > dextromethorphan (10) > ditolylguanidine (15) > loperamide (28) > carbetapentane (38) > caramiphen (46) > opipramol (52). Micromolar concentrations of the same compounds also inhibited spontaneous epileptiform bursts recorded during perfusion with Mg2+-free medium. 3. Co-application of ropizine (10 microM), an allosteric modulator of dextromethorphan binding to high-affinity sigma receptors, failed to endow dextromethorphan 10 nM with anticonvulsant properties and did not modify the anticonvulsant potency of 10 microM dextromethorphan. 4. The effects of dextrorphan (10 microM), ifenprodil (20 microM), loperamide (50 microM) and caramiphen (100 microM) were examined in the presence of external Mg2+ on field potential input/output (I/O) relationships and paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Only caramiphen elicited effects on these parameters, affecting synaptic transmission at the point of synaptic transfer and depressing PPF ratios to below baseline values. The effects of caramiphen on I/O relationships mimicked those of the established anticonvulsant adenosine: in contrast, adenosine evoked an increase in PPF ratios. 5. Because anticonvulsant activity was observed only at micromolar concentrations of the sigma ligands tested, the results indicate that their anticonvulsant actions should not be ascribed to their occupancy, observed at nanomolar concentrations, of high-affinity sigma binding sites. Rather, anticonvulsant activity more likely reflects functional NMDA receptor antagonism and/or blockade of high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels, effects which are associated with micromolar concentrations of the test compounds. Modulation of GABAergic inhibitory mechanisms may also contribute to the anticonvulsant properties of caramiphen.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thurgur
- Department of Anatomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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