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Mahmoud RM, Gharib AA, Abd El-Aziz NK, Ali ESM, Mokhtar A, Ibrahim GA, Ammar AM. Apple cider vinegar exhibits promising antibiofilm activity against multidrug-resistant Bacillus cereus isolated from meat and their products. Open Vet J 2024; 14:186-199. [PMID: 38633173 PMCID: PMC11018417 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) biofilm is grown not only on medical devices but also on different substrata and is considered a potential hazard in the food industry. Quorum sensing plays a serious role in the synthesis of biofilm with its surrounding extracellular matrix enabling irreversible connection of the bacteria. Aim The goal of the current investigation was to ascertain the prevalence, patterns of antimicrobial resistance, and capacity for B. cereus biofilm formation in meat and meat products in Egypt. Methods In all, 150 meat and meat product samples were used in this study. For additional bacteriological analysis, the samples were moved to the Bacteriology Laboratory. Thereafter, the antimicrobial, antiquorum sensing, and antibiofilm potential of apple cider vinegar (ACV) on B. cereus were evaluated. Results Out of 150 samples, 34 (22.67%) tested positive for B. cereus. According to tests for antimicrobial susceptibility, every B. cereus isolates tested positive for colistin and ampicillin but negative for ciprofloxacin and imipenem. The ability to form biofilms was present in all 12 multidrug-resistant B. cereus isolates (n = 12); of these, 6 (50%), 3 (25%), and 3 (25%) isolates were weak, moderate, and strong biofilm producers, respectively. It is noteworthy that the ACV demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on B. cereus isolates, with minimum inhibitory concentrations varying between 2 and 8 μg/ml. Furthermore, after exposing biofilm-producing B. cereus isolates to the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations 50 of 4 μg/ml, it demonstrated good antibiofilm activity (>50% reduction of biofilm formation). Strong biofilm producers had down-regulated biofilm genes (tasA and sipW) and their regulator (plcR) compared to the control group, according to reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Conclusion Our study is the first report, that spotlights the ACV activity against B. cereus biofilm and its consequence as a strong antibacterial and antibiofilm agent in the food industry and human health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahlam A. Gharib
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Norhan K. Abd El-Aziz
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - El-Shaimaa Mesallam Ali
- Educational Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Aml Mokhtar
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Ghada A. Ibrahim
- Bacteriology Department, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Ammar
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Chandraseharan P, Sockalingam SNM, Shafiei Z, Zakaria ASI, Mahyuddin A, Rahman MA. The Efficacy of Apple Cider Vinegar at Different pH Values as an Antimicrobial Agent: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 24:779-786. [PMID: 38152911 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND BACKGROUND This study evaluates the antimicrobial activities of commercially available 5% apple cider vinegar (ACV) against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus casei. Materials and methods: Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were conducted using the broth microdilution method. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) of 5.25% was used as a positive control, and comparisons were also made with acetic acid (AA) as the main ingredient in ACV. The three test bacteria treated with the most effective ACV dilution were visualized under a transmission electron microscope (TEM) for structural changes. RESULTS Minimal inhibitory concentration was determined at 0.625% of the concentration of ACV against S. mutans and E. faecalis and 1.25% of the concentration of ACV against L. casei with two-fold serial dilutions. A concentration of 5 × 10-1% with 10-fold serial dilutions was found to be the MIC value for all three bacteria. No significant differences were found when compared with the positive control (NaOCl) (p = 0.182, p = 0.171, and p = 0.234), respectively, for two-fold serial dilutions and (p = 1.000, p = 0.658, and p = 0.110), respectively for 10-fold serial dilutions. MBC was observed to be 5% ACV for both E. faecalis and S. mutans. However, positive microbial growth was observed on the agar plate when cultured with L. casei. An independent sample t-test showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the antimicrobial activities between 5% ACV and 5% pure AA. TEM revealed cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane disruptions on all three bacteria at MIC value. CONCLUSION Apple cider vinegar has antimicrobial activities against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus casei at their respective MIC values. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Apple cider vinegar can be an alternative antimicrobial dental pulp disinfectant to sodium hypochlorite. Apple cider vinegar can be used safely, especially in children's dental pulp therapy and deep caries management, when adequate tooth isolation is not readily achievable. Thus, adverse reactions commonly associated with other frequently used chemical disinfectants can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Chandraseharan
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1387-5848
| | - S Nagarajan Mp Sockalingam
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Phone: +60166606493, e-mail: , https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7976-5115
| | - Zaleha Shafiei
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7703-9785
| | - Ahmad Shuhud Irfani Zakaria
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3715-9181
| | - Alida Mahyuddin
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-8617
| | - Mariati Abdul Rahman
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6856-8511
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Tehrani SD, Keshani M, Rouhani MH, Moallem SA, Bagherniya M, Sahebkar A. The effects of apple cider vinegar on cardiometabolic risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Curr Med Chem 2023; 31:CMC-EPUB-133920. [PMID: 37608660 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230822102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is a set of metabolic abnormalities that are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Apple cider vinegar (ACV) has been used in several studies as a natural agent to improve CMS risk factors. The present study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of ACV consumption on lipid and glycemic parameters. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases were systematically searched to find clinical trials evaluating the effects of ACV consumption on CMS risk factors. RESULTS Overall, 25 clinical trials (33 arms) comprising 1320 adults were entered in this study. ACV consumption could significantly improve the levels of FBG (-21.20 mg/dl; 95% CI: -32.31 to -2.21; I2: 95.8%), HbA1c (-0.91mg/dl; 95% CI: -1.62 to -0.21; I2: 98.9%), and TC (-6.72 mg/dl; 95% CI: -12.91 to -0.53; I2:50.8%). No significant results were observed for BMI, HOMA-IR, serum insulin, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C. Subgroup analysis showed a significant decrease in FBG, HbA1c, TC, and TG in diabetic patients. In this type of analysis, ACV consumption significantly reduced FBG levels when administered for both duration subgroups (≥12 and <12 weeks). Moreover, in the subgroup analysis based on duration, TG concentration was significantly decreased following ACV consumption for ≥ 12 weeks. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis showed that consumption of ACV has a favorable effect in decreasing some CMS risk factors including FBG, HbA1c, and TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Dadkhah Tehrani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Keshani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Rouhani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Abdulkareem ZA, Mohammed NI, Abdollahi A, Ahmed OR, Ghaffar OR, Khdir HA, Salam DA, Aziz SA, Mustafa MM, Mustafa WM, Abas ZA, Abid OI. Effects of garlic, onion, and apple cider vinegar as a herbal mixture on performance and blood traits of broilers inoculated with chicken infectious anemia virus. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17768. [PMID: 37449102 PMCID: PMC10336684 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of a herbal mixture (HM) to protect poultry against chicken infectious anemia (CIA) and to modulate the adverse effects of this virus on performance, mortality, blood profile, white blood cells (WBCs) count, liver enzymes, liver histopathology, and intestinal morphology. Therefore, 240 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were divided into four experimental groups, with six replicates and ten chicks per group. The experimental groups consisted of a control group and groups with 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% HM, all based on corn-soybean meal. All chicks were inoculated with the CIA virus (CIAV) on day 7. The results showed that supplementation of 2.5% of HM to broiler diet increased feed intake (FI) (P < 0.05) and also increased body weight (BW) and weight gain (WG) slightly (P > 0.05). Adding 7.5% HM caused a reversible decrease in FI, BW, and WG and increased FCR. Compared with the control group, mortality rates declined with an additional dose of HM in CIAV-infected chickens. HM supplementation in the diet of CIAV-infected chickens increased hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) compared to the control (P < 0.05). Lymphocyte percentage and lymphocyte/heterophile ratio increased in HM-supplemented groups, especially at 2.5% (P < 0.05), and heterophile and granulocyte percentages were reduced (P < 0.05). Liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and liver steatosis declined in the 2.5% HM-treated group compared to the control (P < 0.05). It was concluded that adding 2.5% of the HM to the CIAV-infected broiler's diet did not negatively affect chicken performance. In addition to its hypolipidemic effects, it could prevent HCT and Hb from decreasing in chicks infected with CIAV and positively affect leukocyte types and liver enzymes. Interestingly, an additional dose of HM in the diet of the CIAV-infected broilers reduced mortality. Therefore, adding 2.5% of HM could prevent the adverse effects of CIA on hematological traits in broiler chicken flocks without adverse effects on performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zana Azeez Abdulkareem
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Nihayat Ibrahim Mohammed
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Asrin Abdollahi
- Department of Animal Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Omer Rasool Ahmed
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Osama Rahman Ghaffar
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Hawkar Azad Khdir
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Dashty Akram Salam
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Sarhang Ahmad Aziz
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Mustafa Mama Mustafa
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Warzer Mohammed Mustafa
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
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Sudhakar S, Gupta N, Ghambir N, Singh R, Singh D. Comparative Evaluation of Intracanal Smear Layer Removal by Different Root Canal Irrigants: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:633-638. [PMID: 37731794 PMCID: PMC10507302 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of the study is to compare and evaluate the efficacy of different root canal irrigants-100, 75, 50, and 25% neem extract, 100, 75, 50, and 25% apple cider vinegar (ACV), a combination of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and saline on smear layer removal using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and methods A total of 80 freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were collected and divided into 10 groups-group I: normal saline (negative control), group II: NaOCl with EDTA (positive control), group III: 100% neem extract, group IV: 75% neem extract, group V: 50% neem extract, group VI: 25% neem extract, group VII: 100% ACV, group VIII: 75% ACV, group IX: 50% ACV, and group X: 25% ACV. The samples were irrigated with a specific group of irrigants, then split in a longitudinal axis and processed for analysis in an SEM. Microphotographs were obtained and scored according to Torabinejad et al. Results Microphotographs were assessed and showed that 100% neem extract was similar to NaOCl with EDTA, followed by 75% neem extract and 100% ACV. Conclusion This study showed that 100% neem extract removed the smear layer, similar to the NaOCl with EDTA. How to cite this article Sudhakar S, Gupta N, Ghambir N, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Intracanal Smear Layer Removal by Different Root Canal Irrigants: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(4):633-638.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sudhakar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College, Santosh (Deemed to be University), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College, Santosh (Deemed to be University), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Natasha Ghambir
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College, Santosh (Deemed to be University), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashi Singh
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College, Santosh (Deemed to be University), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Singh
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College, Santosh (Deemed to be University), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Adeleye OO, Abatan MO, Dosumu OA, James AS, Adegoke AV, Mamidu MO, Sodipe OG, Olorunsogbon BF, Sanwo KA. Apple cider vinegar administration on carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:530. [PMID: 34731308 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of apple cider vinegar (ACV) on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens. A total of 300 broilers (Arbor Acre) were randomized to six treatments replicated 5 times (50 birds/treatment and 10 birds/replicate) from 2 days old till the sixth week of age in a 2 by 3 factorial layout consisting of dosages (5.0 mL/L and 10.0 mL/L ACV) and administration frequency (antibiotics following standard schedule, twice/week ACV and thrice/week ACV). At the sixth week, sixty birds (10 birds/treatment) were selected for carcass yield, cut part yield, organ weight, meat technological properties, lipid profiles, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level evaluation. Data obtained were subjected to two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test at a P < 0.05 significant level. Birds administered 5.0 mL/L ACV thrice weekly presented a significantly (P < 0.05) higher plucked, eviscerated, dressed, thigh and breast weight compared with the other treatments. The spleen of birds in the control group was significantly (P < 0.05) heavier than those administered ACV. The meat from the 5.0 mL/L ACV group had significantly higher (P < 0.05) water absorptive power and lower refrigeration loss, as depicted in the main effect table. Meat cholesterol, phospholipids, and MDA levels did not differ across the treatments except triglyceride, which was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the 5.0 mL/L ACV thrice-weekly group. This study concludes that ACV administration could improve carcass yield and meat quality indices. Thus, its use as an alternative to conventional antibiotics for broiler chickens might be beneficial.
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Hadi A, Pourmasoumi M, Najafgholizadeh A, Clark CCT, Esmaillzadeh A. The effect of apple cider vinegar on lipid profiles and glycemic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:179. [PMID: 34187442 PMCID: PMC8243436 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03351-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated lipid profiles and impaired glucose homeostasis are risk factors for several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which, subsequently, represent a leading cause of early mortality, worldwide. The aim of the current study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of apple cider vinegar (ACV) on lipid profiles and glycemic parameters in adults. Methods A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases, including Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Knowledge, from database inception to January 2020. All clinical trials which investigated the effect of ACV on lipid profiles and glycemic indicators were included. Studies were excluded if ACV was used in combination with other interventions or when the duration of intervention was < 2 weeks. To account for between-study heterogeneity, we performed meta-analysis using a random-effects model. Results Overall, nine studies, including 10 study arms, were included in this meta-analysis. We found that ACV consumption significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (− 6.06 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 10.95, − 1.17; I2: 39%), fasting plasma glucose (− 7.97 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 13.74, − 2.21; I2: 75%), and HbA1C concentrations (− 0.50; 95% CI: − 0.90, − 0.09; I2: 91%). No significant effect of ACV consumption was found on serum LDL-C, HDL-C, fasting insulin concentrations, or HOMA-IR. The stratified analysis revealed a significant reduction of serum TC and TG in a subgroup of patients with type 2 diabetes, those who took ≤15 mL/day of ACV, and those who consumed ACV for > 8-weeks, respectively. Furthermore, ACV consumption significantly decreased FPG levels in a subgroup of studies that administered ACV for > 8-weeks. Further, ACV intake appeared to elicit an increase in FPG and HDL-C concentrations in apparently healthy participants. Conclusion We found a significant favorable effect of ACV consumption on FPG and blood lipid levels. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03351-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Makan Pourmasoumi
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran
| | - Ameneh Najafgholizadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Naein Branch, Islamic Azad University Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5RW, UK
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran. .,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran.
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Kandeel S, Elkaliny HH. The Possible Protective Effect of Apple Cider Vinegar on Mercuric Chloride-Induced Changes on Rat Hepatocytes: Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructure Study. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2020; 8:126-131. [PMID: 33282688 PMCID: PMC7703014 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_63_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mercuric chloride is a toxic form of mercury capable for induction of oxidative liver damage. Apple cider vinegar (ACV) is a powerful antioxidant agent being used in salad dressings. Our study aimed to assess the beneficial effect of ACV against mercuric chloride-induced hepatic cell damage through an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study. Materials and Methods: Forty Wistar rats used divided into four groups (10 rats each); control; Group A (ACV): Rats received 2 ml/kg ACV; Group B (HgCl2): Rats received 1 mg/kg HgCl2, and Group C (ACV + HgCl2): Rats received 2 ml/kg ACV 30 min before giving 1 mg/kg HgCl2. Doses given orally by intragastric tube for 30 days. Results: Toluidine blue results of HgCl2 group revealed hepatocytes with irregular boundaries, eccentric deeply stained nuclei, and large cytoplasmic vacuoles. Electron microscopic results showed dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasmic vacuolations, areas of cytoplasmic rarefaction, degenerated mitochondria, nuclear membrane irregularities, and dilated bile canaliculi with lost microvilli. Moreover, there was significantly increased expression of HSP60 and number of hepatocytes with proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive nuclei. ACV + HgCl2 group showed improvement of the previous changes. Conclusion: ACV could be promising for attenuation of liver cell damages induced by several toxins through its powerful antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Kandeel
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Heba H Elkaliny
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Asejeje FO, Ighodaro OM, Asejeje GI, Adeosun AM. Protective role of apple cider vinegar (APCV) in CCl 4-induced renal damage in wistar rats. Metabol Open 2020; 8:100063. [PMID: 33103102 PMCID: PMC7575871 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2020.100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apple Cider Vinegar, (APCV) has been locally associated with a number of health benefits, including protection against oxidative stress and related ailments. It is on this background the present study assessed its protective effects against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative damage in kidneys of rats. Methods Twenty four adult rats of Wistar strain were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 6). While group I animals served as control; kidney oxidative damage was induced in groups II and III animals using a single intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (100%, 1.73 mL/kg body weight, BW). Group II animals were left untreated and groups III and IV counterparts were administered APCV (1.56 mL/kg BW) once daily for a period of 7 days. Thereafter, the animals were fasted over night, and sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and samples (blood and kidney tissues) were collected for biochemical/histopathological examinations. Kidney function markers including urea, creatinine, sodium ion (Na+) and potassium ion (k+) were determined in the serum while thin sections of kidneys were processed for histopathological screening. Results Compared to the control animals, CCl4 administration caused kidney damage as evidenced by significant (P < 0.05) increase in the evaluated indices (urea, creatinine, Na+ and K+). Interestingly, treatment of CCl4-exposed rats with APCV markedly reversed the above alterations to near normal. Besides, APCV treatment ameliorated the histological derangements (hemorrhagic lesions) caused by CCl4 in the kidney of the experimental rats. Conclusion These observations apparently suggest that Apple cider vinegar has the therapeutic potential to protect against renal impairment and attendant malfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- F O Asejeje
- Department of Biochemistry, Koladaisi University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - O M Ighodaro
- Department of Biochemistry, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - G I Asejeje
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - A M Adeosun
- Department of Biochemistry, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Ahmadniaye Motlagh H, Javadmanesh A, Safari O. Improvement of non-specific immunity, growth, and activity of digestive enzymes in Carassius auratus as a result of apple cider vinegar administration to diet. Fish Physiol Biochem 2020; 46:1387-1395. [PMID: 32239336 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00797-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of apple cider vinegar (ACV) administration on non-specific immunity of serum and skin mucus, growth indices, and activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease) in Carassius auratus. For this purpose, 180 fish (weighing 7.35 ± 0.19 g) were allocated to 4 treatment groups with 3 replications in a completely randomized design. Fish were fed for 105 days using a basal diet supplemented with 0% (control), 1% (T 1), 2% (T 2), and 4% (T 3) ACV (contained 5% acetic acid). Results showed a significant increase in lysozyme activity, ACH50, and total immunoglobulin of skin mucus in fish fed with T2 diet (p < 0.05). Total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity were significantly lower in the serum of fish fed with control diet than those fed with the mentioned treatment (p < 0.05). The highest value was observed in fish fed with T2 diet. Minimum (p < 0.05) complement activity (1.52 ± 0. 25 U ml-1) was observed in fish fed with control diet. The mean of the final weights (17.35 ± 1.39 g), daily growth (1.0 ± 0.01 g), and specific growth rate (2.19 ± 0.14) was significantly higher in T3 diet group than the controls (p < 0.05). While the highest amylase-specific activity was observed in the controls (p < 0.05), there was a significant increase in specific activity of protease, lipase, and alkaline phosphatase in T2 diet group (p < 0.05). According to the results of this study, the inclusion of a limited quantity of ACV (4%) into the diet can improve immunity and growth parameters in C. auratus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Ahmadniaye Motlagh
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ali Javadmanesh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Safari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Pourmozaffar S, Hajimoradloo A, Paknejad H, Rameshi H. Effect of dietary supplementation with apple cider vinegar and propionic acid on hemolymph chemistry, intestinal microbiota and histological structure of hepatopancreas in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 86:900-905. [PMID: 30553888 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Apple cider vinegar (ACV) and propionic acid (PA) on biochemical parameters of hemolymph, intestinal microbiota and histology of hepatopancreas in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Five experimental diets were evaluated in this study including diets supplemented with 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0% of ACV, 0.5% propionic acid, and a control diet with no supplements. Shrimps (initial weight of 10.2 ± 0.04 g) in triplicate groups with the density of 25 shrimps per tank were fed the diets for 60 days. At the end of the feeding trial, shrimps fed with ACV and PA supplemented diets had significantly higher total protein level than those fed the control diet (P < 0.05). The number of Vibrio spp., R-cells (lipid storage cells) of hepatopancreas and cholesterol level in shrimps fed the diets containing ACV and PA were lower compared to the control group (P < 0.05). However, there was no remarkable variations in glucose concentration, B-cell number and tubule diameter among the experimental diets (P > 0.05). In addition, shrimps fed the ACV diets had significantly lower total heterotrophic marine bacteria compared to the control or PA groups, and the lowest bacterial number was observed in shrimp fed 4% ACV supplemented diet (P < 0.05). Supplementation of 2 and 4% ACV as well as 0.5% PA in the diet led to a significantly higher calcium concentration than the control treatment (P < 0.05). The lowest triglyceride concentration was observed in the shrimps fed diets containing 2.0 and 4.0% ACV, which resulted in 15 and 20% reduction, respectively (P < 0.05). Overall, the findings indicates that ACV and PA possess antimicrobial activity and demonstrate beneficial effects on health status, so they can be potentially used as feed additive in the feeding of L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Pourmozaffar
- Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute. Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Persian Gulf Mollusks Research Station, Bandar-e- Lengeh, Iran.
| | - Abdolmajid Hajimoradloo
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamed Paknejad
- Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute. Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Persian Gulf Mollusks Research Station, Bandar-e- Lengeh, Iran
| | - Hossein Rameshi
- Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute. Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Persian Gulf Mollusks Research Station, Bandar-e- Lengeh, Iran
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Škraban J, Cleenwerck I, Vandamme P, Fanedl L, Trček J. Genome sequences and description of novel exopolysaccharides producing species Komagataeibacter pomaceti sp. nov. and reclassification of Komagataeibacter kombuchae (Dutta and Gachhui 2007) Yamada et al., 2013 as a later heterotypic synonym of Komagataeibacter hansenii (Gosselé et al. 1983) Yamada et al., 2013. Syst Appl Microbiol 2018; 41:581-592. [PMID: 30177404 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Strains T5K1 and AV446 isolated from apple cider vinegars during a submerged vinegar production in two separate vinegar facilities showed 94% 16S rRNA gene similarity to its closest neighbors Komagataeibacter maltaceti LMG 1529T and Gluconacetobacter entanii LTH 4560T. Further phylogenetic and phenotypic characterizations indicated that the isolates belonged to a novel species of the Komagataeibacter genus. Comparison based on 16S-23S rRNA gene ITS sequences and concatenated partial sequences of the housekeeping genes dnaK, groEL and rpoB, grouped both strains to a single phylogenetic cluster well separated from the other species of the Komagataeibacter genus. Average nucleotide identity of T5K1 and AV446 draft genome sequences compared to other Komagataeibacter type strains was below 94% and at the same time, in-silico DNA-DNA hybridization was below 70%. Both strains on the other hand showed approximately 98% (average nucleotide identity) and 87% (in silico DNA-DNA hybridization) similarity to each other. Strains T5K1 and AV446 can be differentiated from other Komagataeibacter type strains based on their ability to produce 2-keto-d-gluconic acid and at the same time inability to produce 5-keto-d-gluconic acid. Furthermore, strains of the new species do not grow on Asai medium supplemented with d-glucose or d-mannitol. The growth is also absent (T5K1) or weak (AV446) on Hoyer-Frateur medium supplemented with afore mentioned sugars. Both strains produce cellulose. In addition, draft genome analysis revealed that strains T5K1 and AV446 possess genes involved in the synthesis of acetan-like extracellular heteropolysaccharide. We propose the name Komagataeibacter pomaceti sp. nov. for the new species with LMG 30150T [=CCM 8723T=ZIM B1029T] as the type strain. Data collected in this study and in a previous study also revealed that Komagataeibacter kombuchae is a later heterotypic synonym of Komagataeibacter hansenii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jure Škraban
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Ilse Cleenwerck
- BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandamme
- BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lijana Fanedl
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Trček
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology, Maribor, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Maribor, Slovenia.
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Safari R, Hoseinifar SH, Nejadmoghadam S, Khalili M. Apple cider vinegar boosted immunomodulatory and health promoting effects of Lactobacillus casei in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2017; 67:441-448. [PMID: 28602743 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the immunomodulatory and health promoting effects of combined or singular administration of apple cider vinegar (ACV) and Lactobacillus casei in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) diet. An 8-week feeding trial was designed with following treatments: Control (basal diet), Pro (contains 107 CFU g-1L. casei), LACV (contains 1% ACV), HACV (contains 2% ACV), Pro + LACV (contains 107 CFU g-1L. casei plus 1% ACV) and Pro + HACV (contains 107 CFU g-1L. casei plus 2% ACV). Evaluation of skin mucus revealed notable increase of total Ig level and lysozyme activity in Pro + LACV and Pro + HACV treatments compared other groups (P < 0.05). Similarly, serum total Ig and lysozyme activity in HACV, Pro + LACV and Pro + HACV fed carps was remarkably higher than other groups (P < 0.05). However, regarding serum alternative complement (ACH50) activity significant difference was observed just between Pro + HACV and control treatment (P < 0.05). The highest expression of immune related (LYZ, TNF-alpha, IL1b, IL8) and antioxidant enzymes genes (GSR, GST) were observed in carps fed Pro + HACV and Pro + LACV. The expression of GH gene expression in Pro, LACV and HACV treatments was significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). The highest expression level of GH and IGF1 was observed in fish fed combined Pro and ACV (P < 0.05). These results indicated that co-administration of ACV boosted immunomodulatory and health promoting effects of L. casei and can be considered as a promising immunostimulants in early stage of common carp culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghieh Safari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Shabnam Nejadmoghadam
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Medical Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
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Pourmozaffar S, Hajimoradloo A, Miandare HK. Dietary effect of apple cider vinegar and propionic acid on immune related transcriptional responses and growth performance in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2017; 60:65-71. [PMID: 27840173 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of various levels of ACV® and Propionic acid (PA) on expression of immune related genes and growth performance in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Three hundred and seventy-five shrimps with an average initial weight of 10.2 ± 0.04 g were collected and acclimatized for two weeks. Five experimental diets including control diet, 0.5% PA diet and 1%, 2% and 4% ACV® diets were applied to feed the shrimps. They were fed 4 times a day with 2.5% of body weight. After 60 days of culture, shrimps fed with ACV® and PA diets showed no significant difference in growth performance. Expression of prophenoloxidase (proPo), lysozyme (Lys), penaeidin-3a (Pen-3a) and Crustin (Cru) genes were determined from hepatopancreas, using the real-time PCR after 15, 30 and 60 days. Expression of Lys and proPo genes was significantly up regulated in shrimps fed with ACV® and PA diets compared to the control group after 30 and 60 days of treatment. After 15 days, Pen-3a gene expression was significantly higher in PA group compared to the control group. Also, shrimps fed with 1% and 4% ACV® and PA diets showed significantly increased expression of Pen-3a after 30 days. In contrast, expression of Cru was significantly down regulated in response to ACV® diets, but, Cru expression in treated shrimps with PA diet was greater than the control group after 30 and 60 days. Overall, the results provided evidence that ACV® could be used as a natural immunostimulant for shrimps in order to adjust and enhance expression of the immune related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Pourmozaffar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Abdolmajid Hajimoradloo
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamed Kolangi Miandare
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Akasaka N, Higashikubo H, Ishii Y, Sakoda H, Fujiwara S. Polyamines in brown rice vinegar function as potent attractants for the spotted wing drosophila. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 123:78-83. [PMID: 27591976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Vinegar produced by acetic acid bacteria is used as an attractant for fruit flies. Apple cider vinegar (ACV) and brown rice vinegar (BRV) are used as lures to detect Drosophila suzukii (also known as the spotted wing drosophila [SWD], a newly emerging invasive pest of soft-skinned fruits) and to capture Drosophila melanogaster, respectively. In the present study, we evaluated the attractiveness of BRV and ACV to SWD in laboratory trapping experiments using an upturned microcentrifuge tube with a pipette tip as a trap. We transferred SWD (approximately 20, 7-10 days old) to a glass vial containing a trap baited with BRV or ACV and counted the captured flies. BRV attracted more flies (52.88 ± 9.75%) than ACV (35.78 ± 7.47%) in 6 h. Based on high-performance liquid chromatography, we found that BRV contained greater amounts of putrescine (12.36 ± 0.44 μM) and spermidine (35.08 ± 4.34 μM) than ACV (putrescine, 0.31 ± 0.067 μM; spermidine, not detected). The attractiveness of ACV supplemented with putrescine (12 μM) and spermidine (35 μM) (68.56 ± 4.69%) was significantly higher than that of ACV, indicating that the enhanced attractiveness of BRV to SWD was accomplished by the additive effects of polyamines and other known attractive volatiles, such as acetic acid and acetoin. BRV is expected to be a powerful tool for the efficient management of SWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Akasaka
- Division of Bioscience Products, Marukan Vinegar Co. Ltd., 5-6 Koyo-cho West, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 658-0033, Japan; Institute of Applied Microbiology, Marukan Vinegar Co. Ltd., 5-6 Koyo-cho West, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 658-0033, Japan
| | - Haruka Higashikubo
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yuri Ishii
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Hisao Sakoda
- Division of Bioscience Products, Marukan Vinegar Co. Ltd., 5-6 Koyo-cho West, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 658-0033, Japan; Institute of Applied Microbiology, Marukan Vinegar Co. Ltd., 5-6 Koyo-cho West, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 658-0033, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujiwara
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan; Research Center for Intelligent Bio-Materials, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei-Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
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Bouderbala H, Kaddouri H, Kheroua O, Saidi D. [Anti-obesogenic effect of apple cider vinegar in rats subjected to a high fat diet]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2016; 65:208-13. [PMID: 27209492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The search of new anti-obesogenic treatments based on medicinal plants without or with minimal side effects is a challenge. In this context, the present study was conducted to evaluate the anti-obesogenic effect of apple cider vinegar (ACV) in Wistar rats subjected to a high fat diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen male Wistar rats (140±5g) were divided into 3 three equal groups. A witness group submitted to standard laboratory diet and two groups subjected to a high fat diet (cafeteria diet); one receives a daily gavage of apple cider vinegar (7mL/kg/d) for 30 days. Throughout the experiment monitoring the nutritional assessment, anthropometric and biochemical parameters is achieved. RESULTS In the RCV vs RC group, we observed a highly significant decrease (P<0.001) in body weight and food intake. On the other hand, the VCP decreases very significantly different anthropometric parameters: BMI (P<0.01), chest circumference and abdominal circumference (P<0.001), decreases serum glucose levels (26.83%) and improves the serum lipid profile by reducing plasma levels of total cholesterol (34.29%), TG (51.06%), LDL-c (59.15%), VLDL (50%) and the total lipid (45.15%), and increasing HDL-c (39.39%), thus offering protection against oatherogenic risk (61.62%). CONCLUSION This preliminary study indicates that the metabolic disorders caused by high fat diet (cafeteria) are thwarted by taking apple cider vinegar which proves to have a satiating effect, antihyperlipidemic and hypoglycemic effects, and seems prevent the atherogenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bouderbala
- Laboratoire de physiologie de la nutrition et de sécurité alimentaire, département de biologie, faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie, université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algérie.
| | - H Kaddouri
- Laboratoire de physiologie de la nutrition et de sécurité alimentaire, département de biologie, faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie, université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algérie
| | - O Kheroua
- Laboratoire de physiologie de la nutrition et de sécurité alimentaire, département de biologie, faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie, université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algérie
| | - D Saidi
- Laboratoire de physiologie de la nutrition et de sécurité alimentaire, département de biologie, faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie, université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algérie
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