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Zawadzka A, Brzozowska B, Matyjanka A, Mikula M, Reszczyńska J, Tartas A, Fornalski KW. The Risk Function of Breast and Ovarian Cancers in the Avrami-Dobrzyński Cellular Phase-Transition Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1352. [PMID: 38279352 PMCID: PMC10816518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Specifying the role of genetic mutations in cancer development is crucial for effective screening or targeted treatments for people with hereditary cancer predispositions. Our goal here is to find the relationship between a number of cancerogenic mutations and the probability of cancer induction over the lifetime of cancer patients. We believe that the Avrami-Dobrzyński biophysical model can be used to describe this mechanism. Therefore, clinical data from breast and ovarian cancer patients were used to validate this model of cancer induction, which is based on a purely physical concept of the phase-transition process with an analogy to the neoplastic transformation. The obtained values of model parameters established using clinical data confirm the hypothesis that the carcinogenic process strongly follows fractal dynamics. We found that the model's theoretical prediction and population clinical data slightly differed for patients with the age below 30 years old, and that might point to the existence of an ancillary protection mechanism against cancer development. Additionally, we reveal that the existing clinical data predict breast or ovarian cancers onset two years earlier for patients with BRCA1/2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zawadzka
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology (NIO-MSCI), 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Z.)
| | - Beata Brzozowska
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.)
| | - Anna Matyjanka
- Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Mikula
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology (NIO-MSCI), 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Z.)
| | - Joanna Reszczyńska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences (IMDiK PAN), 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Adrianna Tartas
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.)
| | - Krzysztof W. Fornalski
- Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
- National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), 05-400 Otwock-Świerk, Poland
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Shirzad K, Viney C. A critical review on applications of the Avrami equation beyond materials science. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20230242. [PMID: 37340781 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) formalization, often referred to as the Avrami equation, was originally developed to describe the progress of phase transformations in material systems. Many other transformations in the life, physical and social sciences follow a similar pattern of nucleation and growth. The Avrami equation has been applied widely to modelling such phenomena, including COVID-19, regardless of whether they have a formal thermodynamic basis. We present here an analytical overview of such applications of the Avrami equation outside its conventional use, emphasizing examples from the life sciences. We discuss the similarities that at least partially justify the extended application of the model to such cases. We point out the limitations of such adoption; some are inherent to the model itself, and some are associated with the extended contexts. We also propose a reasoned justification for why the model performs well in many of these non-thermodynamic applications, even when some of its fundamental assumptions are not satisfied. In particular, we explore connections between the relatively accessible verbal and mathematical language of everyday nucleation- and growth-based phase transformations, represented by the Avrami equation, and the more challenging language of the classic SIR (susceptible-infected-removed) model in epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Shirzad
- Graduate Program in Materials and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Christopher Viney
- Graduate Program in Materials and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, 95343, CA, USA
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Fornalski KW, Dobrzyński L. Modeling of single cell cancer transformation using phase transition theory: application of the Avrami equation. Radiat Environ Biophys 2022; 61:169-175. [PMID: 34665303 PMCID: PMC8897338 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-021-00948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The nucleation and growth theory, described by the Avrami equation (also called Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation), and usually used to describe crystallization and nucleation processes in condensed matter physics, was applied in the present paper to cancer physics. This can enhance the popular multi-hit model of carcinogenesis to volumetric processes of single cell's DNA neoplastic transformation. The presented approach assumes the transforming system as a DNA chain including many oncogenic mutations. Finally, the probability function of the cell's cancer transformation is directly related to the number of oncogenic mutations. This creates a universal sigmoidal probability function of cancer transformation of single cells, as observed in the kinetics of nucleation and growth, a special case of a phase transition process. The proposed model, which represents a different view on the multi-hit carcinogenesis approach, is tested on clinical data concerning gastric cancer. The results also show that cancer transformation follows DNA fractal geometry.
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Low IM. An Overview of Parameters Controlling the Decomposition and Degradation of Ti-Based M n+1AX n Phases. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E473. [PMID: 30720713 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A critical overview of the various parameters, such as annealing atmospheres, pore microstructures, and pore sizes, that are critical in controlling the decomposition kinetics of Ti-based MAX phases is given in this paper. Ti-based MAX phases tend to decompose readily above 1400 °C during vacuum annealing to binary carbide (e.g., TiCx) or binary nitride (e.g., TiNx), primarily through the sublimation of A elements such as Al or Si, forming in a porous MXx surface layer. Arrhenius Avrami equations were used to determine the activation energy of phase decomposition and to model the kinetics of isothermal phase decomposition. Ironically, the understanding of phase decomposition via exfoliating or selective de-intercalation by chemical etching formed the catalyst for the sensational discovery of Mxenes in 2011. Other controlling parameters that also promote decomposition or degradation as reported in the literature are also briefly reviewed and these include effects of pressure and ion irradiations.
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Barros JHT, Telis VRN, Taboga S, Franco CML. Resistant starch: effect on rheology, quality, and staling rate of white wheat bread. J Food Sci Technol 2018; 55:4578-4588. [PMID: 30333654 PMCID: PMC6170360 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the partial substitution (0, 10, 15, and 20%) of wheat flour with resistant starch (RS) on dough rheology and structure, and on the quality and staling rate of bread was evaluated. The results from farinograph, extensograph, alveograph, oscillatory rheological tests, and from confocal laser scanning microscopy, indicated that the substitution up to 15% of flour with RS slightly affected the dough structure, weakening it through dilution of gluten protein. Bread made with 15% of RS had specific volume, crumb moisture, and firmness values similar to those of the control bread (without RS), indicating very good quality. During storage, the RS breads had higher crumb moisture, lower firmness, and a lower retrogradation rate than the control bread. The lower retrogradation rate, in conjunction with the higher crumb moisture and high water-retention capacity of RS, was responsible for lower crumb firmness in bread containing up to 15% RS. Using wheat flour of high quality helped to minimize the deleterious effect of RS on the dough and provided high-fiber bread with high quality and low staling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson H. T. Barros
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo CEP: 15054-000 Brazil
- IFAC - Federal Institute of Acre, R. Coronel Brandão, 1622, Xapuri, Acre CEP: 69930-000 Brazil
| | - Vânia R. N. Telis
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo CEP: 15054-000 Brazil
| | - Sebastião Taboga
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo CEP: 15054-000 Brazil
| | - Celia M. L. Franco
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo CEP: 15054-000 Brazil
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Moreno‐Cencerrado A, Iturri J, Toca‐Herrera JL. In-situ 2D bacterial crystal growth as a function of protein concentration: An atomic force microscopy study. Microsc Res Tech 2018; 81:1095-1104. [PMID: 30295376 PMCID: PMC6704365 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between protein concentration and (observation) time has been investigated for the adsorption and crystal growth of the bacterial SbpA proteins on hydrophobic fluoride-functionalized SiO2 surfaces. For this purpose, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been performed in real-time for monitoring protein crystal growth at different protein concentrations. Results reveal that (1) crystal formation occurs at concentrations above 0.08 µM and (2) the compliance of the formed crystal decreases by increasing protein concentration. All the crystal domains observed presented similar lattice parameters (being the mean value for the unit cell: a = 14.8 ± 0.5 nm, b = 14.7 ± 0.5 nm, γ = 90 ° ± 2). Protein film formation is shown to take place from initial nucleation points which originate a gradual and fast extension of the crystalline domains. The Avrami equation describes well the experimental results. Overall, the results suggest that protein-substrate interactions prevail over protein-protein interactions. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: AFM enables to monitor protein crystallization in real-time. AFM high-resolution determines lattice parameters and viscoelastic properties. S-layer crystal growth rate increases with protein concentration. Avrami equation models protein crystal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Moreno‐Cencerrado
- Institute for Biophysics, Dept. of Nanobiotechnology, BOKU University for Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 11 (Simon Zeisel Haus), ViennaA‐1190Austria
| | - Jagoba Iturri
- Institute for Biophysics, Dept. of Nanobiotechnology, BOKU University for Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 11 (Simon Zeisel Haus), ViennaA‐1190Austria
| | - José L. Toca‐Herrera
- Institute for Biophysics, Dept. of Nanobiotechnology, BOKU University for Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 11 (Simon Zeisel Haus), ViennaA‐1190Austria
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Nakach M, Authelin JR, Agut C. New Approach and Practical Modelling of Bead Milling Process for the Manufacturing of Nanocrystalline Suspensions. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:1889-1904. [PMID: 28302540 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Stirred media milling is the main technology for producing colloidal nanocrystalline suspensions. A number of studies have been reported on the effect of different operating parameters for lab, pilot, and industrial scales. However, typical milling tool box that can be used to support candidate from selection up to phase III clinical supplies can involve different mill configurations. This article describes a parametric study and milling kinetic modelling of the different mills. The impact of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) type and process parameters on milling kinetics was determined. The milling kinetics were modeled using an empirical model which allows for predicting and simulation of milling kinetics of stirred annular and pin mills. The proposed model was found to accurately fit milling kinetics whatever the API considered, technology employed, and the process parameters used for milling. Moreover, the model was found to be able to ensure the process transfer from one mill to another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Nakach
- Sanofi R&D, 1, Impasse des ateliers, Vitry sur Seine 94403, France.
| | | | - Christophe Agut
- Sanofi R&D, 1, Impasse des ateliers, Vitry sur Seine 94403, France
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Feng X, Ye X, Park JB, Lu W, Morott J, Beissner B, Lian ZJ, Pinto E, Bi V, Porter S, Durig T, Majumdar S, Repka MA. Evaluation of the recrystallization kinetics of hot-melt extruded polymeric solid dispersions using an improved Avrami equation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 41:1479-87. [PMID: 25224341 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.958755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The recrystallization of an amorphous drug in a solid dispersion system could lead to a loss in the drug solubility and bioavailability. The primary objective of the current research was to use an improved kinetic model to evaluate the recrystallization kinetics of amorphous structures and to further understand the factors influencing the physical stability of amorphous solid dispersions. Amorphous solid dispersions of fenofibrate with different molecular weights of hydroxypropylcellulose, HPC (Klucel™ LF, EF, ELF) were prepared utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology. Differential scanning calorimetry was utilized to quantitatively analyze the extent of recrystallization in the samples stored at different temperatures and relative humidity (RH) conditions. The experimental data were fitted into the improved kinetics model of a modified Avrami equation to calculate the recrystallization rate constants. Klucel LF, the largest molecular weight among the HPCs used, demonstrated the greatest inhibition of fenofibrate recrystallization. Additionally, the recrystallization rate (k) decreased with increasing polymer content, however exponentially increased with higher temperature. Also k increased linearly rather than exponentially over the range of RH studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi , Mississippi , MS , USA
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