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Fayyad R, Josey K, Gandhi P, Rua M, Visaria A, Bates B, Setoguchi S, Nethery RC. Air pollution and serious bleeding events in high-risk older adults. Environ Res 2024; 251:118628. [PMID: 38460663 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Despite biological plausibility, very few epidemiologic studies have investigated the risks of clinically significant bleeding events due to particulate air pollution. OBJECTIVE To measure the independent and synergistic effects of PM2.5 exposure and anticoagulant use on serious bleeding events. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study (2008-2016). SETTING Nationwide Medicare population. PARTICIPANTS A 50% random sample of Medicare Part D-eligible Fee-for-Service beneficiaries at high risk for cardiovascular and thromboembolic events. EXPOSURES Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and anticoagulant drugs (apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, rivaroxaban, or warfarin). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The outcomes were acute hospitalizations for gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial bleeding, or epistaxis. Hazard ratios and 95% CIs for PM2.5 exposure were estimated by fitting inverse probability weighted marginal structural Cox proportional hazards models. The relative excess risk due to interaction was used to assess additive-scale interaction between PM2.5 exposure and anticoagulant use. RESULTS The study cohort included 1.86 million high-risk older adults (mean age 77, 60% male, 87% White, 8% Black, 30% anticoagulant users, mean PM2.5 exposure 8.81 μg/m3). A 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 48% (95% CI: 45%-52%), 58% (95% CI: 49%-68%) and 55% (95% CI: 37%-76%) increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial bleeding, and epistaxis, respectively. Significant additive interaction between PM2.5 exposure and anticoagulant use was observed for gastrointestinal and intracranial bleeding. CONCLUSIONS Among older adults at high risk for cardiovascular and thromboembolic events, increasing PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial bleeding, and epistaxis. In addition, PM2.5 exposure and anticoagulant use may act together to increase risks of severe gastrointestinal and intracranial bleeding. Thus, clinicians may recommend that high-risk individuals limit their outdoor air pollution exposure during periods of increased PM2.5 concentrations. Our findings may inform environmental policies to protect the health of vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rindala Fayyad
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building 2, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kevin Josey
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building 2, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Poonam Gandhi
- Rutgers University Institute for Health, Healthcare Policy, and Aging Research, The State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Melanie Rua
- Rutgers University Institute for Health, Healthcare Policy, and Aging Research, The State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Aayush Visaria
- Rutgers University Institute for Health, Healthcare Policy, and Aging Research, The State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, One Robert Wood Johnson Place, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Benjamin Bates
- Rutgers University Institute for Health, Healthcare Policy, and Aging Research, The State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, One Robert Wood Johnson Place, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Soko Setoguchi
- Rutgers University Institute for Health, Healthcare Policy, and Aging Research, The State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, One Robert Wood Johnson Place, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
| | - Rachel C Nethery
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building 2, 4th Floor, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Liu X, Lv X, Peng Y, Wang J, Lei J, Tang C, Luo S, Mai W, Cai Y, Fan Q, Liu C, Zhang L. Clopidogrel with indobufen or aspirin in minor ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack: a randomized controlled clinical study. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:81. [PMID: 38429754 PMCID: PMC10905919 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) are the most prevalent cerebrovascular diseases. The conventional antiplatelet drugs are associated with an inherent bleeding risk, while indobufen is a new antiplatelet drug and has the similar mechanism of antiplatelet aggregation as aspirin with more safety profile. However, there have been no studies evaluating the combination therapy of indobufen and clopidogrel for antiplatelet therapy in cerebrovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE The CARMIA study aims to investigate the effectiveness and safety of a new dual antiplatelet therapy consisting of indobufen and clopidogrel comparing with the conventional dual antiplatelet therapy consisting of aspirin and clopidogrel in patients with minor ischemic stroke or high-risk TIA. METHODS An open-label randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at a clinical center. We randomly assigned patients who had experienced a minor stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) within 72 h of onset, or within 1 month if they had intracranial stenosis (IS), to receive either indobufen 100 mg twice daily or aspirin 100 mg once daily for 21 days. For patients with IS, the treatment duration was extended to 3 months. All patients received a loading dose of 300 mg clopidogrel orally on the first day, followed by 75 mg once daily from the second day to 1 year. We collected prospective data using paper-based case report forms, and followed up on enrolled patients was conducted to assess the incidence of recurrent ischemic stroke or TIA, mRS score, NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score, and any bleeding events occurring within 3 month after onset. RESULTS We enrolled 202 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. After applying the criteria, 182 patients were eligible for data analysis. Endpoint events (recurrence of ischemic stroke/TIA, myocardial infarction, or death) were observed in 6 patients (6.5%) receiving aspirin and clopidogrel, including 4 (4.3%) with stroke recurrence, 1 (1.1%) with TIA recurrence, and 1 (1%) with death. In contrast, no endpoint events were reported in the indobufen and clopidogrel group (P = 0.029). The group of patients receiving indobufen and clopidogrel exhibited significantly lower modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. (scores range from 0 to 6, with higher scores indicating more severe disability) compared to the aspirin and clopidogrel group (common odds ratio 3.629, 95% CI 1.874-7.036, P < 0.0001). Although the improvement rate of NIHSS score in the indobufen and clopidogrel group was higher than that in the aspirin and clopidogrel group, the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Bleeding events were observed in 8 patients (8.6%) receiving aspirin and clopidogrel, including 4 (4.3%) with skin bleeding, 2 (2.2%) with gingival bleeding, 1 (1.1%) with gastrointestinal bleeding, and 1 (1.1%) with urinary system bleeding. On the other hand, only 1 patient (1.1%) in the indobufen and clopidogrel group experienced skin bleeding (P = 0.035). CONCLUSION The combination of indobufen and clopidogrel has shown non-inferior and potentially superior effectiveness and safety compared to aspirin combined with clopidogrel in patients with minor ischemic stroke and high-risk TIA in the CARMIA study (registered under chictr.org.cn with registration number ChiCTR2100043087 in 01/02/2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuxian Lv
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanfang Peng
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Junjie Lei
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chaogang Tang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shijian Luo
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weihua Mai
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yiming Cai
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qian Fan
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chenhao Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China.
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Yerasi C. Editorial: Bleeding risk factors are also ischemic-event risk factors after percutaneous coronary intervention. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 2024; 59:46-47. [PMID: 38123427 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charan Yerasi
- Interventional Cardiology, Arizona Heart Specialists, Sun City, AZ, United States of America.
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Wang Y, Xu J, Li P, Xu Y, Xue H, Liu P. Zanubrutinib-lenalidomide-rituximab (ZR 2) in unfit diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: efficient and tolerant. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:499-510. [PMID: 37957370 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness and safety of zanubrutinib, rituximab, and lenalidomide (ZR2) in unfit patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Thrombosis or bleeding risk of ZR2 regimen, especially when antiplatelet agents were co-prescribed, was also evaluated. We retrospectively reviewed unfit newly diagnosed (ND) and refractory or relapsed (R/R) patients with DLBCL who were administered with ZR2 regimen in two medical centers between December 2019 and February 2022. Response rates, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), bleeding adverse events (AEs), and thrombosis episodes were analyzed. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of zanubrutinib alone or in combination with lenalidomide on platelet functions in vitro and in vivo. A total of 30 unfit patients (13 ND DLBCL and 17 R/R DLBCL patients) who received ZR2 regimen were enrolled in the study (median age: 69.5 years). The ultimate ORRs for the ND DLBCL and R/R DLBCL were 77.0% and 50.1%, respectively. The median follow-up was 16.6 months. The median PFS and OS were not achieved during the follow-up time. Subcutaneous hemorrhage AEs occurred in four cases, three cases suffered severe bleeding events, and thrombosis events were observed in two patients. ZR2 regimen inhibited platelet functions (aggregation, clot retraction, spreading and activation) in vitro and in vivo function testing especially in response to collagen. ZR2 is an efficient treatment option for unfit patients with DLBCL and could be well tolerated. Notably, this regimen inhibited platelet functions. Antiplatelet agents should be used with caution in patients treated with this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiadai Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Panpan Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Xue
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Ansari U, Brachmann J, Lewalter T, Zeymer U, Sievert H, Ledwoch J, Geist V, Hochadel M, Schneider S, Senges J, Akin I, Fastner C. LAA occlusion is effective and safe in very high-risk atrial fibrillation patients with prior stroke: results from the multicentre German LAARGE registry. Clin Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00392-024-02376-8. [PMID: 38294498 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-024-02376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventional left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) mitigates the risk of thromboembolic events in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with contraindication for long-term oral anticoagulation (OAC). Patients with prior stroke have a relevantly increased risk of recurrent stroke, so the effectiveness of LAAO could be reduced in this specific very high-risk patient group. AIM This sub-study of the LAARGE registry investigates the effectiveness and safety of LAAO for secondary prevention in nonvalvular AF patients with a history of stroke. METHODS LAARGE is a prospective, non-randomised registry on the clinical reality of LAAO. The current sub-study employs data from index procedure and 1-year follow-up. Effectiveness and safety were assessed by documentation of all-cause mortality, non-fatal thromboembolism, procedure-related complications, and bleeding events. RESULTS A total of 638 patients were consecutively included from 38 hospitals in Germany and divided into two groups: 137 patients with a history of stroke (21.5%) and 501 patients without. Successful implantation was consistent between both groups (98.5% vs. 97.4%, p = NS), while peri-procedural MACCE and other complications were rare (0% vs. 0.6% and 4.4% vs. 4.0%, respectively; each p = NS). Kaplan-Meier estimate showed no significant difference in primary effectiveness outcome measure (freedom from all-cause death or non-fatal stroke) between both groups at follow-up (87.8% vs. 87.7%, p = NS). The incidence of transient ischemic attack or systemic embolism at follow-up was low (0% vs. 0.5% and 0.9% vs. 0%, respectively; each p = NS). Severe bleeding events after hospital discharge were rare (0% vs. 0.7%, p = NS). CONCLUSIONS Patients with prior stroke demonstrated similar effectiveness and safety profile for LAAO as compared to patients without prior stroke. LAAO could serve as a feasible alternative to OAC for secondary stroke prevention in this selected group of nonvalvular AF patients. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER NCT02230748.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzair Ansari
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Johannes Brachmann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology, Second Medical Clinic, Coburg Hospital, Coburg, Germany
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Thorsten Lewalter
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, and Intensive Care, Hospital Munich-Thalkirchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Zeymer
- Medizinische Klinik B, Klinikum Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Horst Sievert
- CardioVascular Center (CVC) Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jakob Ledwoch
- Isar Herz Zentrum München, ISAR Klinikum, Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, München Klinik Neuperlach, Munich, Germany
| | - Volker Geist
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Segeberger Kliniken, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hochadel
- Stiftung Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Steffen Schneider
- Stiftung Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Jochen Senges
- Stiftung Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Fastner
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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Wang X, Li C, Luo W, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Xu J, Mei H, Hu Y. IL-10 plus the EASIX score predict bleeding events after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:3575-3585. [PMID: 37814134 PMCID: PMC10640490 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell-associated coagulopathy can cause bleeding events. To explore risk factors for hemorrhage after CAR T-cell therapy, we retrospectively analyzed routine indicators in 56 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy. Disturbance of coagulation occurred mainly within one month post infusion, especially on day 7 and 14. The cumulative incidence of bleeding events within one month was 32.8%, with the median onset of 7 (range, 0-28) days. All bleeding events were grade 1-3. Patients who experienced bleeding events within one month had longer prothrombin time, higher IL-6, higher IL-10, and lower platelets before lymphodepletion. There were also correlations among coagulation-, inflammatory-, and tumor burden-related markers. Multi-variate analysis showed IL-10 (> 7.98 pg/mL; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 13.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.03-94.36; P = 0.007) and the endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX, defined as dehydrogenase [U/L] × creatinine [mg/dL] / platelets [×109 cells/L]; >7.65; adjusted OR, 7.06; 95% CI, 1.03-48.23; P = 0.046) were significant risk factors for bleeding events. IL-10 plus the EASIX defined three risk groups for bleeding events with cumulative incidence of 100% (hazard ratio [HR], 14.47; 95% CI, 2.78-75.29; P < 0.0001), 38.5% (HR, 3.68; 95% CI, 0.82-16.67; P = 0.089), and 11.8% (reference), respectively. Future studies are needed to verify the risk assessment models for bleeding events after CAR T-cell treatment in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chenggong Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yinqiang Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhongpei Huang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Heng Mei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Kawanami S, Egami Y, Sugae H, Ukita K, Kawamura A, Nakamura H, Matsuhiro Y, Yasumoto K, Tsuda M, Okamoto N, Matsunaga‐Lee Y, Yano M, Nishino M, Tanouchi J. Predictors of bleeding events in acute decompensated heart failure patients with antithrombotic therapy: AURORA study. ESC Heart Fail 2023; 10:1114-1121. [PMID: 36585753 PMCID: PMC10053354 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Heart failure (HF) is reported to be one of the major risks of bleeding events. On the other hand, HF patients frequently receive anticoagulants or antiplatelet therapy to manage various co-morbidities. However, predictors of bleeding events in patients with HF have rarely been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the predictors of bleeding events and relationship between bleeding events and HF re-hospitalizations. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 1660 acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients from the AURORA registry between January 2015 and December 2020. A total of 1429 patients were excluded because of history of HF admission, missing echocardiographic data at discharge, lost to follow-up, haemodialysis and no antithrombotic drugs. Finally, we evaluated 231 patients from AURORA registry. The bleeding events were defined as Type 2 to 5 bleeding according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium definition. We divided our patients into the bleeding group and non-bleeding group. We compared the baseline characteristics, medications, laboratory data, and echocardiographic data between the two groups. Median age was 78 (IQR 71-82) years old and male accounted for 59%. Approximately half of the patients had an antiplatelet therapy and 70% had an anticoagulant therapy. During a median follow-up of 651 (IQR 357-1139) days, 32 patients (13.8%) suffered from bleeding events. The major driver of the registered events was gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 21, 65.6%), and the other events were cerebral bleeding (n = 4, 12.5%), intraarticular bleeding (n = 2, 6.3%), urogenital bleeding (n = 2, 6.3%), haemorrhagic pericardial effusions (n = 1, 3.1%), subcutaneous hematomas (n = 1, 3.1%), and haemothorax (n = 1, 3.1%). There was a significantly lower haemoglobin level (P < 0.01), higher proportion of inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter ≥21 mm (P < 0.01), and higher furosemide equivalent doses per kilogram (P < 0.01) in the bleeding group than non-bleeding group. A multivariate analysis revealed an equivalent dose of furosemide per kilogram ≥0.66 mg/kg (hazard ratios (HR) of 2.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26-5.68, P = 0.01), haemoglobin ≤10.3 g/dL (HR of 2.43, 95% CI 1.14-5.03, P = 0.02), and IVC diameter ≥21 mm (HR of 2.79, 95% CI 1.16-6.29, P = 0.02) were independently associated with bleeding events. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that HF re-hospitalization rates were higher in the bleeding group than non-bleeding group (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS High doses of oral loop diuretics, IVC dilatation, and anaemia were predictors of bleeding events in patients hospitalized with ADHF patients. In addition, bleeding events were associated with HF re-hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shodai Kawanami
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Egami
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Hiroki Sugae
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Kohei Ukita
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Akito Kawamura
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakamura
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuhiro
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Koji Yasumoto
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Masaki Tsuda
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Naotaka Okamoto
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Yasuharu Matsunaga‐Lee
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Masamichi Yano
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Masami Nishino
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
| | - Jun Tanouchi
- Division of CardiologyOsaka Rosai Hospital3‐1179 Nagasonecho, Kita‐kuSakaiOsaka591‐8025Japan
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Komaki S, Ishii M, Kaichi R, Takae M, Mori T, Toida R, Kurogi K, Matsuura Y, Yamamoto N, Tsujita K, Tsuruda T, Kaikita K. Relationship between coronary artery calcium score and bleeding events after percutaneous coronary intervention in chronic coronary syndrome. Heart Vessels 2023; 38:919-928. [PMID: 36847811 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-023-02248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between coronary artery calcium (CAC) and bleeding events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is not well established. This study aimed to examine the association between CAC scores and clinical outcomes after PCI in patients with CCS. This retrospective observational study included 295 consecutive patients who underwent multidetector computer tomography and were scheduled for their first elective PCI. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the CAC scores (low: ≤ 400 or high: > 400). The bleeding risk was evaluated using the Academic Research Consortium for High Bleeding Risk (ARC-HBR) criteria. The primary clinical outcome was a major bleeding event within 1 year after PCI, defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) 3 or 5. The high CAC score group had a higher proportion of patients meeting the ARC-HBR criteria than the low CAC score group (52.7% vs. 31.3%, p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the incidence of major bleeding events was higher in the high CAC score group as compared to the low CAC score group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression anal ysis revealed that a high CAC score was an independent determinant of major bleeding events during the first year after PCI. A high CAC score is significantly associated with the incidence of major bleeding events after PCI in CCS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichi Komaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, 2-1-10 Shinkoji, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 882-0835, Japan.,Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Hemo-Vascular Advanced Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki-City, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Masanobu Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Ryota Kaichi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, 2-1-10 Shinkoji, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 882-0835, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takae
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, 2-1-10 Shinkoji, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 882-0835, Japan
| | - Takayuki Mori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, 2-1-10 Shinkoji, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 882-0835, Japan
| | - Reiko Toida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, 2-1-10 Shinkoji, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 882-0835, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Kurogi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, 2-1-10 Shinkoji, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 882-0835, Japan
| | - Yunosuke Matsuura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki-City, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Nobuyasu Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, 2-1-10 Shinkoji, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 882-0835, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tsuruda
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Hemo-Vascular Advanced Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki-City, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki-City, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan.
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Sabbatinelli J, Protic O, Bonfigli AR, Stronati A, Pavani M, Procopio AD, Lattanzio F, Olivieri F, Antonicelli R, Testa R. Safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants in geriatric patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: A single-center retrospective study. Thromb Res 2023; 221:149-56. [PMID: 36396517 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are widely employed for antithrombotic prophylaxis in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, there is still uncertainty about their risk-benefit profile in older patients. Here, we evaluated the efficacy, safety, and dose appropriateness of DOACs in a real-world population of outpatients with non-valvular AF, with a specific focus on subjects aged over 80 years and/or with reduced renal function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single-center retrospective study including patients who had been prescribed a DOAC between May 2014 and May 2021 for long-term anticoagulation in non-valvular AF. Patients anticoagulated for <4 weeks were excluded. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of cardiovascular (CV) death, stroke, or systemic embolism. The primary safety outcome was major bleeding. RESULTS A total of 1154 patients (median age 84 yrs., range 57-100 yrs.), among which 862 were 80 years and older, were included. In the subgroup of subjects ≥80 yrs., a subtherapeutic dose of DOAC was associated with an increased incidence of CV mortality, stroke, or systemic embolism (multivariable Cox regression, HR = 2.09, 95 % CI: 1.09-4.02), with no benefit in terms of prevalence of bleeding events (21.5 % vs. 18.6 %, p = 0.428), and the incidence of adverse safety and efficacy outcomes was not increased in patients with a reduced renal function (eGFR ≤30 mL/min). Plasma concentration of DOACs, assessed in a subset of 367 patients, did not increase with advanced age (≥ 80 yrs., two-way ANOVA, p = 0.656) nor with declining eGFR (≤30 mL/min, two-way ANOVA, p = 0.643) and was not associated with adverse safety and efficacy outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Data from our study support the use of DOACs in populations of older adults and remark on the risks associated with inappropriate prescriptions in terms of CV mortality and adverse events.
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Liu Y, Song J, Wang W, Zhang K, Yang J, Wen J, Meng X, Gao J, Wang J, Shao C, Tang YD. Association between liver fibrosis and thrombotic or bleeding events in acute coronary syndrome patients. Thromb J 2022; 20:82. [PMID: 36578015 PMCID: PMC9798679 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-022-00441-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic implication of liver fibrosis in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients are scarce. We sought to evaluate whether liver fibrosis scores (LFS) were associated with thrombotic or bleeding events in patients with acute coronary syndrome. METHODS We included 6386 ACS patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study determined liver fibrosis with aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio (AST/ALT ratio), Forns score, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), a composite of all-cause mortality (ACM), myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemic stroke (IS). RESULTS During the follow-up, 259 (4.06%) MACCE and 190 (2.98%) bleeding events were recorded. As a continuous variable or a categorical variable stratified by the literature-based cutoff, LFS was positively associated with MACCE (p > 0.05) but not with bleeding events. Compared with subjects with low APRI scores, AST/ALT ratio scores, Forns scores, and NFS scores, subjects with high scores had a 1.57- to 3.73-fold increase risk of MACCE after adjustment (all p < 0.05). The positive relationship between LFS and MACCE was consistent in different subgroups. CONCLUSIONS In ACS patients, increased LFS predicted an elevated risk of thrombotic events but not bleeding. LFS may contribute to thrombotic risk stratification after ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Liu
- grid.410643.4Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyao Wang
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wen
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangbin Meng
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjia Wang
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Shao
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Da Tang
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing, China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Hong Y, Zhang Y, Xiang Y, Ye Z, Lu X. Incidence of venous thromboembolism and hemorrhage in Chinese patients after pulmonary lobectomy: mechanical prophylaxis or mechanical prophylaxis combined with pharmacological prophylaxis: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Transl Med 2021; 9:1478. [PMID: 34734030 PMCID: PMC8506730 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and postoperative bleeding are important complications of lung resection surgery. We investigated the preventive effect of mechanical prophylaxis versus pharmacological prophylaxis after lobectomy, and evaluated the effect of both on the incidence of hemorrhagic events. Methods A prospective study of 424 lobectomies with moderate to high risk of VTE (Caprini risk score <5) in a single center was performed from April 2020 to March 2021. Patients were 1:1 randomly allocated to mechanical prophylaxis or to the low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)-combination-prophylaxis. The incidence of postoperative thrombotic and bleeding events and relevant factors of the two groups were analyzed. Results A total of 410 participants, with 202 and 208 in the mechanical prophylaxis and LMWH-combination-prophylaxis groups respectively, were selected for analysis. Both groups had similar baseline and clinical characteristics. There were no cases of VTE or major bleeding during the study, but the incidence rate of minor bleeding in the LMWH-combination-prophylaxis group was significantly higher than mechanical prophylaxis group [odds ratio (OR) 0.035, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.011–0.113]. Conclusions A case-by-case risk assessment of VTE and hemorrhage remains necessary to determine the most appropriate method of thrombosis prophylaxis for patients undergoing pulmonary surgery. Mechanical prophylaxis may be preferable for lung cancer patients with moderate to high risk of VTE (Caprini risk score <5) undergoing lobectomy. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100051073.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangwei Xiang
- Department of Lung Transplantation and Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Ye
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Kurobe M, Uchida Y, Ishii H, Yamashita D, Yonekawa J, Satake A, Makino Y, Hiramatsu T, Mizutani K, Mizutani Y, Ichimiya H, Amano T, Watanabe J, Kanashiro M, Matsubara T, Ichimiya S, Murohara T. Impact of the clinical frailty scale on clinical outcomes and bleeding events in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Heart Vessels 2021; 36:799-808. [PMID: 33411012 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-020-01764-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a simple tool to assess patients' frailty and may help to predict adverse outcomes in elderly patients. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of CFS on clinical outcomes and bleeding events after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We enrolled 266 consecutive patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI in between January 2015 and June 2018. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the CFS stages: CFS 1-3 and CFS ≥ 4. We collected the data and evaluated the relationship between the CFS grade and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 3 or 5 bleeding events. Of these patients, CFS ≥ 4 was present in 59 (22.2%). During the follow-up, 37.3% in the CFS ≥ 4 group and 8.2% in the CFS 1-3 group experienced MACE. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, the proportion of MACE-free survival for 4 years was significantly lower in the CFS ≥ 4 group (log-rank P < 0.001). Additionally, the proportion of bleeding event-free survival was significantly lower in the CFS ≥ 4 group (log-rank P < 0.001). The CFS (per 1-grade increase) remained an independent significant predictor of MACE on multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis [hazard ratio 1.39 (95% confidence interval: 1.08 to 1.79, P = 0.01)]. In conclusion, CFS was an independent predictor of future adverse cardiac events in patients with STEMI. Therefore, the assessment of CFS is crucial in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanari Kurobe
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Uchida
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan.
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daiki Yamashita
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Jun Yonekawa
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Akinori Satake
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Makino
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Hiramatsu
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Mizutani
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ichimiya
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Amano
- Department of Cardiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Junji Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kanashiro
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Matsubara
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ichimiya
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital, 2-2-37, Shibata, Yokkaichi, 510-8567, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Yoshioka N, Takagi K, Morita Y, Kanzaki Y, Nagai H, Watanabe N, Morishima I. Bleeding events and mid-term mortality in the patients undergoing endovascular interventions for peripheral artery disease of the lower limbs based on the academic research consortium high bleeding risk criteria. Heart Vessels 2021; 36:1336-1349. [PMID: 33616719 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-021-01804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study applied the Academic Research Consortium for HBR (ARC-HBR) criteria to peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients after Endovascular therapy (EVT) and assessed the prevalence of HBR, as well as the association between HBR and clinical outcomes. This is a single-center, non-randomized, controlled, and retrospective study. EVTs for symptomatic PAD are minimally invasive and efficient. Although bleeding can be a serious adverse event, the criteria for HBR and assessment of bleeding events in patients who underwent EVT have been limited. A total of 156 patients with PAD who underwent EVT were divided into two groups according to ARC-HBR criteria. The associations between HBR and bleeding events, which was defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium Type 3 or Type 5 bleeding within 1 year and all-cause mortality within 1 year, were analyzed. The percentage of patients who were categorized as having HBR was 75.0%. Bleeding events occurred in 12.6% of the patients. All bleeding events occurred in the HBR group, while no bleeding events occurred in the no-HBR group. (16.9% vs. 0.0%, respectively; p = 0.008). During the follow-up period, 11.1% of the patients had died. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in the HBR group than in the no-HBR group (14.7% vs. 0.0%, respectively; p = 0.019). Most patients with PAD were classified as having HBR as assessed by ARC-HBR criteria, and patients with HBR were at a higher risk of not only bleeding events but also mid-term mortality compared to those without HBR. ARC-HBR criteria can be a helpful parameter when treating PAD patients after EVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yoshioka
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, 4-86 Minaminokawa-cho, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kensuke Takagi
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, 4-86 Minaminokawa-cho, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morita
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, 4-86 Minaminokawa-cho, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kanzaki
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, 4-86 Minaminokawa-cho, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagai
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, 4-86 Minaminokawa-cho, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Naoki Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, 4-86 Minaminokawa-cho, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Itsuro Morishima
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, 4-86 Minaminokawa-cho, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan.
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Ohgaku A, Fukamachi D, Takahashi K, Tamiya R, Migita S, Mizobuchi S, Miyagawa M, Koyama Y, Fujito H, Arai R, Ebuchi Y, Migita S, Morikawa T, Monden M, Takei N, Tamaki T, Kojima K, Akutsu N, Murata N, Kitano D, Okumura Y. Absence of coronary angioscopy-derived in-stent thrombi is associated with major bleeding events in acute myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis 2021; 319:62-71. [PMID: 33486352 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for acute myocardial infarction is controversial because the bleeding risk outweighs the thromboembolic risk. We hypothesized that an in-stent thrombus (IS-thrombus) detected by coronary angioscopy (CAS) after stent implantation would be associated with high bleeding risk. METHODS This study included 208 patients who underwent CAS at 2 weeks after stent implantation for an acute myocardial infarction. The study was approved by the ethics committee at the Nihon University Itabashi Hospital (reference number RK-200714-10). RESULTS In 84 patients, in whom no IS-thrombus was identified in the culprit vessel using CAS, the major bleeding event rate was significantly higher than that in patients with IS-thrombi (n = 124). However, no difference was detected in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; stroke, hospitalization for a non-fatal myocardial infarction/unstable angina, target lesion revascularization, and cardiovascular death). After adjustments by the propensity score based on patient characteristics, the absence of IS-thrombi remained an independent predictor of major bleeding events (hazard ratio 4.73, 95% confidence interval 2.04-11.00, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The absence of CAS-detected IS-thrombi in the subacute phase was independently associated with future major bleeding events, but not with MACE. These findings may help optimize the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy.
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Hohnloser SH, Camm J, Cappato R, Diener HC, Heidbüchel H, Mont L, Morillo CA, Abozguia K, Grimaldi M, Rauer H, Reimitz PE, Smolnik R, Mönninghoff C, Kautzner J. Uninterrupted edoxaban vs. vitamin K antagonists for ablation of atrial fibrillation: the ELIMINATE-AF trial. Eur Heart J 2020; 40:3013-3021. [PMID: 30976787 PMCID: PMC6754569 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Edoxaban is a direct factor Xa inhibitor approved for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF). Uninterrupted edoxaban therapy in patients undergoing AF ablation has not been tested. Methods and results The ELIMINATE-AF trial, a multinational, multicentre, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study, was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of once-daily edoxaban 60 mg (30 mg in patients indicated for dose reduction) vs. vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in AF patients undergoing catheter ablation. Patients were randomized 2:1 to edoxaban vs. VKA. The primary endpoint (per-protocol population) was time to first occurrence of all-cause death, stroke, or International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis-defined major bleeding during the period from the end of the ablation procedure to end of treatment (90 days). Overall, 632 patients were enrolled, 614 randomized, and 553 received study drug and underwent ablation; 177 subjects underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging to assess silent cerebral infarcts. The primary endpoint (only major bleeds occurred) was observed in 0.3% (1 patient) on edoxaban and 2.0% (2 patients) on VKA [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.16 (0.02–1.73)]. In the ablation population (modified intent-to-treat population including patients with ablation), the primary endpoint was observed in 2.7% of edoxaban (N = 10) and 1.7% of VKA patients (N = 3) between start of ablation and end of treatment. There were one ischaemic and one haemorrhagic stroke, both in patients on edoxaban. Cerebral microemboli were detected in 13.8% (16) patients who received edoxaban and 9.6% (5) patients in the VKA group (nominal P = 0.62). Conclusion Uninterrupted edoxaban therapy represents an alternative to uninterrupted VKA treatment in patients undergoing AF ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan H Hohnloser
- Division of Clinical Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - John Camm
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's University of London, Blackshaw Road, London, UK
| | - Riccardo Cappato
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Research Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via A. Manzoni 56, Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Hans-Christoph Diener
- Medical Faculty of the University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Hein Heidbüchel
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Lluís Mont
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel 170, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos A Morillo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, 1403 29th Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Khalid Abozguia
- Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Whinney Heys Road, Blackpool, UK
| | - Massimo Grimaldi
- Department of Cardiology - Arrhythmias Unit, Ospedale "F. Miulli" Acquaviva delle Fonti, Strada Provinciale Acquaviva - Santeramo, Km4 Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
| | - Heiko Rauer
- Daiichi Sankyo Europe GmbH, Zielstattstr. 48, München, Germany
| | | | - Rüdiger Smolnik
- Daiichi Sankyo Europe GmbH, Zielstattstr. 48, München, Germany
| | - Christoph Mönninghoff
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, Germany
| | - Josef Kautzner
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
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Hayashi T, Shishido K, Yokota S, Miyashita H, Mashimo Y, Yokoyama H, Nishimoto T, Moriyama N, Ochiai T, Tobita K, Yamanaka F, Mizuno S, Tanaka Y, Murakami M, Takahashi S, Saito S. Impact of bleeding events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients on hemodialysis. Heart Vessels 2020; 35:1323-30. [PMID: 32296926 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-020-01605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is common in patients on dialysis; there is a high rate of bleeding events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in such patients. We investigated the impact of bleeding events after PCI on mortality in patients on hemodialysis. We included 386 consecutive hemodialysis patients who underwent PCI using a drug-eluting stent (DES) between September 2004 and December 2017 in our hospital, and investigated the impact of bleeding events on all-cause mortality after PCI. Bleeding events were assessed by the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) bleeding definition within 24 months after PCI. A total of 42 patients experienced bleeding events. Of these, 30 patients (71.4%) had TIMI major bleeding events and 12 patients (28.6%) had TIMI minor bleeding events. Patients with bleeding events had significantly higher mortality than patients without bleeding events (survival rate, 55.1% vs 81.5%, log-rank: p < 0.001). These results suggest that bleeding events after PCI with a DES are notably associated with all-cause mortality among patients on hemodialysis. This is the first report about relationship between bleeding events and mortality to focus on patients on hemodialysis.
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Tsuchida H, Fujikawa R, Nakamura H, Nakamura T. Nontraumatic warfarin-related intrapulmonary hemorrhage presenting as a lung mass. Surg Case Rep 2020; 6:70. [PMID: 32277374 PMCID: PMC7148406 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-020-00830-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although bleeding events are the major concern when using oral anticoagulants, intrathoracic hemorrhages due to warfarin are rare. Most cases in the literature have been related to trauma and have manifested as a hemothorax. Here we report a case of a nontraumatic hemorrhage within a pre-existing pulmonary cyst that presented as a lung mass during warfarin therapy. Case presentation A 75-year-old asymptomatic woman presented with a 10-cm-diameter mass on chest radiography that was not evident 6 months prior. She had been taking warfarin for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and a transient ischemic attack. There was no history of chest trauma, warfarin overdosing, or any suspected interactions with other drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics. The prothrombin time/international normalized ratio(PT-INR) was prolonged at 4.73 and her hemoglobin level was 8.7 g/dl. Chest computed tomography(CT)revealed an air-fluid mass adjacent to the right upper and middle lobes with a pleural effusion. A CT scan obtained 15 years prior revealed a cyst at the corresponding site and the mass was diagnosed as a warfarin-related hemorrhage within the pre-existing pulmonary cyst. We performed a surgical resection of the cyst to prevent any worsening hemorrhage and subsequent infection. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the 3rd postoperative day. Conclusion A warfarin-related thoracic hemorrhage, other than a hemothorax, could manifest as a pulmonary mass on radiography in patients with pre-existing pulmonary cysts. History taking especially of any anticoagulant medications and a precise assessment of the past images are crucial for a correct diagnosis. Once the intrapulmonary cystic hemorrhage becomes evident, prompt withdrawal with a reversal of warfarin and surgical resection are required to prevent a worsening hemorrhage and subsequent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tsuchida
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12, Sumiyoshi, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan.
| | - Ryo Fujikawa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12, Sumiyoshi, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan
| | - Hidenori Nakamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12, Sumiyoshi, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan
| | - Toru Nakamura
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12, Sumiyoshi, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan
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18
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Sheng KX, Zhang P, Li JW, Cheng J, He YC, Böhlke M, Chen JH. Comparative efficacy and safety of lock solutions for the prevention of catheter-related complications including infectious and bleeding events in adult haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 26:545-552. [PMID: 31857208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central venous catheters are used extensively as temporary or permanent vascular access for haemodialysis patients. Catheter-related bloodstream infections are the main complication of central venous catheters and increase morbidity and mortality in haemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVES The aim was to assess the most appropriate lock solution for central venous catheters to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections and other complications. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from the date of their inception to August 2018 were used as data sources. The reference lists of eligible studies and relevant reviews were also checked. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different lock solutions for the prevention of central venous catheter-related infectious and bleeding complications for adult dialysis patients were included. INTERVENTIONS Interventions were lock solutions for haemodialysis catheters. METHODS The primary outcomes were catheter-related bloodstream infections and bleeding events. The secondary outcomes were catheter malfunction, exit-site infection, and all-cause mortality. We estimated summary risk ratios (RRs) using pairwise and network meta-analysis. We assessed the risk of bias of individual studies with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. RESULTS Forty-nine trials (7020 patients) were included for this study. Compared with heparin 5000 U/mL, antibiotic locks (antibiotics with trisodium citrate (TSC), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), heparin 5000 U/mL, low-dose heparin or urokinase) and ethanol locks were more effective in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections. Antimicrobial agents plus low-dose heparin (500-2500 U/mL), TSC and low-dose heparin locks had lower risk of bleeding events than heparin 5000 U/mL. None of the lock solutions reduced rates of catheter malfunction and all-cause mortality compared with heparin 5000 U/mL. In summary, antibiotics plus low-dose heparin was ranked as the best lock solution. The overall results were not materially changed in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Taking into account both efficacy and safety, antibiotics plus low-dose heparin (500-2500 U/mL) may be the preferred lock solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- K X Sheng
- Kidney Disease Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Third Grade Laboratory Under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - P Zhang
- Kidney Disease Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Third Grade Laboratory Under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - J W Li
- Kidney Disease Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Third Grade Laboratory Under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - J Cheng
- Kidney Disease Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Third Grade Laboratory Under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Y C He
- Kidney Disease Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Third Grade Laboratory Under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - M Böhlke
- Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Unit, São Francisco de Paula University Hospital, Postgraduate Programme in Health and Behaviour, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - J H Chen
- Kidney Disease Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Third Grade Laboratory Under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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19
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Yoshida R, Ishii H, Morishima I, Tanaka A, Morita Y, Takagi K, Yoshioka N, Hirayama K, Iwakawa N, Tashiro H, Kojima H, Mitsuda T, Hitora Y, Furusawa K, Tsuboi H, Murohara T. Impact of Nutritional and Inflammation Status on Long-Term Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with an Oral Anticoagulant. J Atheroscler Thromb 2019; 26:728-737. [PMID: 30584221 PMCID: PMC6711841 DOI: 10.5551/jat.47654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) who require both oral anticoagulant (OAC) and antiplatelet therapy (APT) are exposed to a serious risk of bleeding. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship among nutritional and inflammation status and long-term bleeding in patients requiring both OACs and APT after PCI. METHODS We performed PCI in 3,718 consecutive patients between April 2011 and March 2017, 302 of whom were treated with both OACs and APT. Patients were followed for up to 3 years for bleeding events, defined as the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) class ≥3 bleeding. We retrospectively evaluated the ability of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to detect bleeding events. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 1,080 days, bleeding events were observed in 53 (17.5%) patients. Bleeding events were associated with a low GNRI (≤98) (hazard ratio [HR], 3.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.84-5.45; p<0.0001) and hs-CRP level ≥2.5 mg/L (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.61-4.78; p=0.0003). A low GNRI+high hs-CRP showed a 5.12-fold increase in the incidence of BARC class ≥3 bleeding (95% CI, 2.68-9.91; p<0.0001) compared with a normal GNRI+low hs-CRP. The addition of the GNRI and hs-CRP to the PRECISE-DAPT score improved C-statistics from 0.67 to 0.71 and enhanced the net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) (NRI, 0.36, p<0.0001; IDI, 0.066, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The GNRI and hs-CRP were novel predictors of the long-term bleeding risk in patients requiring both OACs and APT after PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruka Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Hospital.,Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kenshi Hirayama
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Naoki Iwakawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Hiroki Kojima
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Hospital
| | | | - Yusuke Hitora
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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20
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Yang H, Tang B, Xu CH, Ahmed A. Ticagrelor Versus Prasugrel for the Treatment of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Ther 2019; 10:81-93. [PMID: 30456635 PMCID: PMC6349280 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-018-0537-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antiplatelet therapy is very important following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). New generation P2Y12 inhibitors (ticagrelor and prasugrel) might potentially replace clopidogrel for the treatment of post-interventional acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In this analysis, we aimed to systematically compare the post-interventional clinical outcomes and bleeding events observed with ticagrelor versus prasugrel in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and www.ClinicalTrials.gov were carefully searched for publications comparing the post-coronary interventional outcomes following ticagrelor versus prasugrel use in patients with T2DM. Adverse clinical outcomes and bleeding events were considered as the endpoints. Statistical analysis was carried out by the Revman software (version 5.3). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to represent the data during subgroup analysis. RESULTS A total of 2004 participants with T2DM were included in this analysis. Following PCI, mortality (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.57-1.76; P = 0.99, I2 = 19%), myocardial infarction (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.42-1.75; P = 0.67, I2 = 0%), major adverse cardiac events (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.42-1.27; P = 0.27, I2 = 0%), and stroke (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.20-2.59; P = 0.61, I2 = 0%) were not significantly different between ticagrelor and prasugrel. In addition, total bleeding events (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.55-1.40; P = 0.58, I2 = 6%), Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) defined minor bleeding (OR 2.39, 95% CI 0.58-9.91; P = 0.23, I2 = 0%), TIMI defined major bleeding (OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.27-7.45; P = 0.68, I2 = 0%), bleeding defined according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) major bleeding (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.22-1.36; P = 0.20, I2 = 0%), BARC minor bleeding (OR 1.44, 95% CI 0.52-3.99; P = 0.48, I2 = 0%), and total minimal bleeding (OR 3.12, 95% CI 0.55-17.59; P = 0.20, I2 = 0%) were also not significantly different. CONCLUSION Ticagrelor and prasugrel were not associated with significantly different adverse clinical outcomes and bleeding events in these patients with T2DM. Therefore, both antiplatelet agents might safely be used in patients with T2DM following coronary intervention. However, this head-to-head comparison still remains a major challenge which should be resolved in larger clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China.
| | - Bing Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Hong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434020, Hubei, China
| | - Anis Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ealing Hospital, University of Buckingham, London, UK
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21
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Benito-González T, Estévez-Loureiro R, de Prado AP, Minguito-Carazo C, Del Castillo García S, Garrote-Coloma C, Iglesias-Gárriz I, Alonso-Rodríguez D, Cardona JG, Ramón CC, Benito ML, Estévez JV, Fernández-Vázquez F. Incidence and prognostic implications of late bleeding events after percutaneous mitral valve repair. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2018; 21:16-21. [PMID: 30255126 PMCID: PMC6148729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives MitraClip is an established therapy for patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) that are considered of high-risk or inoperable. However, late bleeding events (BE) after hospital discharge and their impact on prognosis in this cohort of patients have been poorly investigated. Our purpose is to address the incidence, related factors and clinical implications of BE after hospital discharge in patients treated with MitraClip. Methods Prospective registry of all consecutive patients (n = 80) who underwent MitraClip implantation in our Institution between June 2014 and December 2017. BE were defined according to MVARC definitions. A combined clinical end-point including admission for heart failure (HF) and all-cause mortality was established to analyze prognostic implications of BE. Results During a median follow up of 523.5 days, 41 BE were reported in 21 patients. Atrial fibrillation (AF, HR 4.54, CI95% 1.20–17.10) and combined antithrombotic therapy at discharge (HR 3.52, CI95% 1.03–11.34) were independently associated with BE. In the study period, 15 (18.8%) patients died, 20 (25%) were admitted for HF and 29 (36.3%) presented the combined end-point. After multivariable adjustment BE remained independently associated with an adverse outcome (HR 3.80, CI 95% 1.66–8.72). In the subgroup of patients with AF, HAS-BLED score was higher among subjects with BE (3.1 ± 1.3 vs 2.1 ± 0.9, p = 0.003). HAS-BLED score had a significant discrimination power for the occurrence BE (AUC: 0.677 [0.507–0.848]) in this subgroup. Conclusions BE are common after MitraClip and are associated with an impaired outcome. Strategies to reduce bleeding events are paramount in this cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo Estévez-Loureiro
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of León, León, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Bundhun PK, Huang F. Post percutaneous coronary interventional adverse cardiovascular outcomes and bleeding events observed with prasugrel versus clopidogrel: direct comparison through a meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:78. [PMID: 29720092 PMCID: PMC5932806 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0820-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to limitations associated with clopidogrel following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), other newer oral anti-platelet agents are being studied. We aimed to systematically carry out a direct comparison of outcomes observed with prasugrel versus clopidogrel following PCI. Methods Common online searched databases (The Cochrane library, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Google scholar) were used to retrieve relevant publications. Primary endpoints were the adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Secondary outcomes were the bleeding events. This analysis was carried out by RevMan 5.3, whereby odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were considered as the statistical parameters. Results Eight studies with a total number of 18,122 participants were included in this direct analysis. Prasugrel was associated with significantly lower adverse cardiovascular outcomes in comparison to clopidogrel following PCI. All-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, stent thrombosis and major adverse cardiac events were all significantly lower with prasugrel (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.35–0.63; P = 0.0001), (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.57–0.80; P = 0.00001), (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.38–0.96; P = 0.03), (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.30–0.72; P = 0.0006) and (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.53–0.70; P = 0.00001) respectively. When the bleeding outcomes were analyzed, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) defined major and minor bleeding were not significantly different (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.66–1.27; P = 0.59) and (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.85–1.59; P = 0.35) respectively. However, the combined ‘all bleeding events’ was significantly higher with prasugrel (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.03–1.70; P = 0.03), but when patients with STEMI and those undergoing elective PCI were separately analyzed, no significant difference in overall bleeding was observed. Conclusion Adverse cardiovascular outcomes were significantly lower with the use of prasugrel in comparison to clopidogrel following PCI. In addition, TIMI defined major and minor bleeding were not significantly different showing prasugrel to be well-tolerated following PCI especially in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Kumar Bundhun
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Li C, Shen Y, Xu R, Dai Y, Chang S, Lu H, Ge L, Ma J, Qian J, Ge J. Exploration of Bivalirudin Use during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for High Bleeding Risk Patients with Chronic Total Occlusion. Int Heart J 2018; 59:293-299. [PMID: 29563377 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.17-030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in high bleeding risk patients with chronic total occlusion lesions (CTO) has not been studied till date. The use of bivalirudin may increase the thrombotic events during CTO-PCI.Between May 2013 and April 2014, a total of 117 high bleeding risk patients with CTOs underwent PCI. Bivalirudin was used in 89 cases with different strategies, including standard usage, combination of heparin, and additional bolus of bivalirudin on the basis of standard usage. The clinical characteristics, procedural details and antithrombotic strategies were assessed, and the bleeding and ischemic events were evaluated. The first 7 of 9 patients with standard application of bivalirudin exhibited acute thrombogenesis in the procedure. Heparin was then added in decreasing amounts in the next 8 patients wherein no thrombosis occurred; however, 2 patients had bleeding complications. The subsequent 72 patients were randomly assigned to the heparin bolus or additional bivalirudin bolus groups before the percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was performed. The baseline clinical characteristics and procedure information were identical in both the groups. There were no ischemic and bleeding events in both the groups during the 6-month follow-up.Monotherapy with bivalirudin in CTO-PCI should be treated with caution, as the potential risk of thrombogenesis may be due to the long procedure time, the frequent change of equipment and temporary blood flow convection. Combination of heparin or an additional bolus of bivalirudin before PTCA was observed to be likely to decrease the incidence of thrombogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Rende Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Yuxiang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Shufu Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Lei Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Jianying Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases
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Akodad M, Garot P. [Left atrial appendage closure and embolic events]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2017; 66:441-446. [PMID: 29106834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is frequent and responsible for embolic events. Currently, the gold standard to prevent such embolic events is anticoagulant therapy with vitamin K antagonist (VKA) or direct oral anticoagulant in nonvalvular AF. Recently, left atrial appendage closure was proposed as an alternative to anticoagulant inpatient with high embolic risk and contraindication to anticoagulant therapy. Data from randomized trials were consistent with a non-inferiority of left atrial appendage closure in comparison to VKA in terms of stroke and cardiovascular death. However, despite improvements in procedure results and complications reduction, this invasive strategy has to be performed with optimal security as this strategy is a preventive treatment in high-risk patients. These improvements may allow an extension of indications of left atrial appendage closure to lower profile risk patients as an alternative to anticoagulant. Indeed, anticoagulant is a risky therapy with hemorrhagic events and observance is a real issue in an asymptomatic population. Finally, there is a lack of data in recent literature comparing left atrial appendage closure to direct oral anticoagulant, widely used in daily practice, as well as cost-effectiveness of this procedure in comparison to anticoagulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akodad
- Service Angio, institut cardiovasculaire Paris-Sud (ICPS), hôpital Jacques Cartier, Ramsay-Generale de santé, Massy, France
| | - P Garot
- Service Angio, institut cardiovasculaire Paris-Sud (ICPS), hôpital Jacques Cartier, Ramsay-Generale de santé, Massy, France.
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25
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Delate T, Jones AE, Clark NP, Witt DM. Assessment of the coding accuracy of warfarin-related bleeding events. Thromb Res 2017; 159:86-90. [PMID: 29035718 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Using International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition (ICD-9) diagnosis codes to identify potential warfarin-related bleeding events from administrative datasets is highly efficient but may be prone to identifying non-events. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of bleeding-related ICD-9 codes to identify true bleeding events in patients who were receiving warfarin therapy at the time of hospitalization. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted in an integrated healthcare delivery system. Anticoagulated patients aged ≥18years and hospitalized between January 1, 2014 and March 31, 2014 were identified using administrative data queries. All hospitalizations were manually chart reviewed by a trained abstractor blinded to hospitalization diagnoses to assess for true bleeding events. Identification of the presence or lack of bleeding-related ICD-9 diagnosis code(s) for each hospitalization was then performed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each ICD-9 code present. RESULTS There were 486 hospitalizations in 468 anticoagulated patients with 57 true bleeding events identified. Patients had a mean age of 73.4years and 50% were female. For codes in the principal position, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 7.0%, 99.8%, 80.0%, and 89.0%, respectively. For codes in any position, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 94.7%, 90.9%, 58.1%, and 99.2%, respectively. For major bleeding, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 100%, 83.1%, 14.0%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS While the absence of a bleeding ICD-9 code reliably ruled-out hospitalization for warfarin-related bleeding, bleeding ICD-9 codes in the principal position were rarely used and undesirable false positive rates were identified when ICD-9 codes when recorded in any position and for major bleeding. Manual chart review is recommended to validate bleeding events from administrative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Delate
- Pharmacy Department, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, 16601 East Centretech Parkway, Aurora, CO 80011, United States.
| | - Aubrey E Jones
- Pharmacy Department, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, 16601 East Centretech Parkway, Aurora, CO 80011, United States
| | - Nathan P Clark
- Pharmacy Department, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, 16601 East Centretech Parkway, Aurora, CO 80011, United States
| | - Daniel M Witt
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, 30 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to summarize and discuss safety and effectiveness of the long-term use of ticagrelor in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). RECENT FINDINGS Ticagrelor is an orally administered, direct, and reversible inhibitor of the P2Y12-platelet receptor. Long-term use of ticagrelor in patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI) has been investigated in the PEGASUS-TIMI-54 trial. Overall, 21,162 patients with a spontaneous MI 1 to 3 years before randomization were randomly assigned to ticagrelor 90 mg bid, ticagrelor 60 mg bid, or placebo. Compared with placebo, both doses of ticagrelor showed that they were capable of significantly reducing the primary efficacy endpoint, although with a significant increase in TIMI major bleeding. Intracranial hemorrhage or fatal bleeding did not differ across groups. These findings establish clear benefit of DAPT extension with ticagrelor beyond 1 year of treatment, which comes with a tradeoff of clinically meaningful bleeding. Altogether, current evidence suggests that the duration of DAPT remains a patient-by-patient decision based on thrombotic and bleeding risk profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ariotti
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Gargiulo
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Valgimigli
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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Tsukada S, Wakui M. Continuing versus discontinuing antiplatelet drugs, vasodilators, and/or cerebral ameliorators on perioperative total blood loss in total knee arthroplasty without pneumatic tourniquet. Arthroplast Today 2017; 4:89-93. [PMID: 29560402 PMCID: PMC5859674 DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although studies have supported the utility of perioperative continuation of antiplatelet drugs, vasodilators, and cerebral ameliorators in most procedures, no study compared total volume of blood loss after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients continuing and discontinuing these drugs. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 266 consecutive patients undergoing TKA, and included 67 patients (25.2%) taking antiplatelet drugs, vasodilators, or cerebral ameliorators in this study. All TKAs were performed without a pneumatic tourniquet. The primary outcome was perioperative total blood loss calculated from blood volume and change in hemoglobin. As subgroup analysis, we compared perioperative total blood loss in patients taking antiplatelet drugs. Results There was no significant difference between the continuing group (n = 38) and discontinuing group (n = 29) in terms of the perioperative total blood loss (1025 ± 364 vs 1151 ± 327 mL, respectively; mean difference 126 mL; 95% confidence interval -45 to 298 mL; P = .15). No major bleeding or thrombotic events occurred in either group until postoperative 3-month follow-up. In patients taking antiplatelet drugs (n = 51), no significant difference was observed in the total blood loss between the continuing group (n = 30) and discontinuing group (n = 21) (1056 ± 287 vs 1151 ± 305 mL, respectively; mean difference 95 mL; 95% confidence interval -75 to 264 mL; P = .27). Conclusions No significant differences in terms of perioperative total blood loss were observed between patients continuing and discontinuing study drugs. Continuing these drugs may be preferable in the perioperative period of TKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiyuki Tsukada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nekoyama Miyao Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Motohiro Wakui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nekoyama Miyao Hospital, Niigata, Japan
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Bundhun PK, Chaudhary N, Yuan J. Bleeding events associated with a low dose (110 mg) versus a high dose (150 mg) of dabigatran in patients treated for atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2017; 17:83. [PMID: 28298191 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-017-0511-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The newer oral anticoagulant dabigatran is considered to be more beneficial in patients with non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation (AF) when compared to warfarin. However, because bleeding events which are associated with a low dose (110 mg) versus a high dose (150 mg) of dabigatran have seldom been compared, we aimed to systematically solve this important issue through this meta-analysis. Methods English publications comparing 110 mg with 150 mg dabigatran in patients who were treated for AF were electronically searched through medical databases. Bleeding outcomes were the major clinical endpoints to be assessed. Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) for each subgroup were calculated and the main analysis was carried out by the latest version of the RevMan 5.3 software. Results Twenty-nine thousand two hundred and sixty-four (29,264) patients were included in this meta-analysis. Fifteen thousand eight hundred and forty-eight (15,848) patients were treated with 110 mg dabigatran whereas 13,416 patients were treated with 150 mg dabigatran. 110 mg dabigatran was associated with a significantly lower rate of minor bleeding (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.10–1.27; P < 0.00001). A similar rate of fatal and major bleeding was observed with both dosages (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.69–1.82; P = 0.65) and (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.86–1.37; P = 0.49) respectively. However, ischemic stroke insignificantly favored a higher dose of dabigatran, (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.51–1.16; P = 0.21). In addition, this analysis showed mortality to significantly favor 150 mg of dabigatran (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.34–0.50; P < 0.00001). Conclusion No significant differences in major and fatal bleedings were observed with 110 mg versus 150 mg dabigatran. However, 110 mg dabigatran was associated with a significantly lower risk of minor bleeding. These results should further be confirmed in future trials.
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Bundhun PK, Soogund MZS, Teeluck AR, Pursun M, Bhurtu A, Huang WQ. Bleeding outcomes associated with rivaroxaban and dabigatran in patients treated for atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2017; 17:15. [PMID: 28056795 PMCID: PMC5216587 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-016-0449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Warfarin is commonly used as a secondary prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, limitations have been observed even with the use of this medication. Recently, several newer direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been approved for use by the food and drug administrations. Unfortunately, these newer drugs have seldom been compared directly with each other. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the bleeding events associated with rivaroxaban and dabigatran in patients treated for non-valvular AF. Methods EMBASE, Medline (National Library of Medicine) and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials were searched for studies comparing rivaroxaban with dabigatran using the terms ‘rivaroxaban, dabigatran and atrial fibrillation’. Primary endpoints were: any bleeding outcomes, intracranial bleeding and gastro-intestinal (GI) bleeding. Secondary outcomes included stroke/systemic embolism (SE)/transient ischemic attack (TIA), venous thromboembolism and mortality. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The pooled analyses were carried out with RevMan 5.3 software. All the authors had full access to the data and approved the manuscript as written. Results A total number of 4895 patients were included. This analysis showed that rivaroxaban was not associated with a significantly higher bleeding event when compared to dabigatran (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.95–1.72; P = 0.11). GI bleeding was similarly manifested between these two DOACs (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.43–2.25; P = 0.97). Even if intracranial bleeding was higher with the use of rivaroxaban, (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 0.51–9.25; P = 0.29), the result was not statistically significant. Moreover, stroke/SE/TIA and venous thromboembolism were also not significantly different (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.53–1.23; P = 0.32) and (OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 0.73–5.82; P = 0.17) respectively. However, even if mortality favored dabigatran (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 0.99–2.06; P = 0.06), this result only approached statistical significance. Conclusion Head to head comparison showed that rivaroxaban was not associated with significantly higher bleeding events compared to dabigatran. Intracranial bleeding, GI bleeding, stroke/SE/TIA, venous thromboembolism and mortality were also not significantly different between these two DOACs. However, due to the limited number of patients analyzed, and which were mainly obtained from observational studies, this hypothesis might only be confirmed in future randomized trials. Furthermore, the CHADS2-VASC and HAS-BLED score which might play an important role in predicting bleeding risks should also not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Kumar Bundhun
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530027, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Manish Pursun
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530027, People's Republic of China
| | - Akash Bhurtu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530027, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qiang Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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Bundhun PK, Yanamala CM, Huang F. Should a prolonged duration of dual anti-platelet therapy be recommended to patients with diabetes mellitus following percutaneous coronary intervention? A systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 studies. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2016; 16:161. [PMID: 27577530 PMCID: PMC5006559 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-016-0343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to compare the adverse clinical outcomes associated with a short and a prolonged duration of Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy (DAPT) in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) after undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Methods Medline/PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane library were searched for studies comparing the short and prolonged DAPT use in patients with DM. Adverse outcomes were considered as the clinical endpoints in this analysis. Odds Ratios (OR) with 95 % Confidence Intervals (CI) were used to express the pooled effect on discontinuous variables and the pooled analyses were performed with RevMan 5.3. Results Fifteen studies with a total number of 25,742 patients with DM were included in this current analysis which showed no significant differences in primary endpoints, net clinical outcomes, myocardial infarction and stroke with OR: 1.03, 95 % CI: 0.65–1.64; P = 0.90, OR: 0.96, 95 % CI: 0.69–1.34; P = 0.81, OR: 0.85, 95 % CI: 0.70–1.04; P = 0.12 and OR: 0.94, 95 % CI: 0.65–1.36; P = 0.75 respectively. Revascularization was also similar between these 2 groups of patients with DM. However, even if mortality favored prolonged DAPT use, with OR: 0.87, 95 % CI: 0.76–1.00; P = 0.05, the result only approached significance. Also, stent thrombosis insignificantly favored a prolonged DAPT duration with OR: 0.56, 95 % CI: 0.27–1.17; P = 0.12. Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) defined major and minor bleeding were not significantly different in these diabetic patients with OR: 0.91, 95 % CI: 0.60–1.37; P = 0.65 and OR: 1.08, 95 % CI: 0.62–1.91; P = 0.78 respectively. However, bleeding defined by the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) classification was significantly higher with a prolonged DAPT use in these diabetic patients with OR: 1.92, 95 % CI: 1.58–2.34; P < 0.00001. Conclusion Following PCI, a prolonged DAPT use was associated with similar adverse clinical outcomes but with a significantly increased BARC defined bleeding compared to a short term DAPT use in these patients with DM. However, even if mortality and stent thrombosis favored a prolonged DAPT use, these outcomes only either reached statistical significance or were insignificant respectively, showing that a clear decision about recommending a prolonged duration of DAPT to patients with DM might not be possible at this moment, warranting further research in this particular subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Kumar Bundhun
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chandra Mouli Yanamala
- Department of Internal Medicine, EALING Hospital, University of Buckingham, Uxbridge road, Southall, UB1 3HW, London, UK
| | - Feng Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Aim While bleeding is a well‐known complication of warfarin use and is thought to be a contributory cause of treatment discontinuation, studies quantifying this association are limited. The objective of this study was to quantify the association between bleeding events and subsequent warfarin discontinuation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Methods A nested case–control analysis was conducted within a cohort of patients with NVAF newly treated with warfarin. All patients who discontinued warfarin (at least 60 days from last day of warfarin supply) during follow‐up were identified as cases and matched with up to 10 controls on age, sex, and duration of follow‐up. The index date was defined as the date of warfarin treatment discontinuation of the cases. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of warfarin treatment discontinuation associated with a bleeding event in the 60 days before the index date. Results The cohort included 24,243 patients who initiated warfarin treatment, of whom 13,482 discontinued treatment during follow‐up (cases). Bleeding was associated with an increased risk of warfarin treatment discontinuation (3.55% vs. 0.85%; OR, 4.31; 95% CI, 3.87–4.81). When including only bleeds as the first listed diagnosis, the unadjusted OR was 4.64 (95% CI, 4.10–5.26), and the adjusted OR was 4.65 (95% CI, 4.10–5.27). Conclusions Bleeding was significantly associated with warfarin discontinuation, and thus, the selection of an effective treatment regimen associated with a lower bleeding rate could be a desirable treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa A Simon
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Global Pharmacovigilance and Epidemiology (GPVE), Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, NJ, USA
| | - Xianying Pan
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Hugh Kawabata
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Han-Yao Huang
- Global Pharmacovigilance and Epidemiology (GPVE), Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, NJ, USA
| | - Laurent Azoulay
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lin GM, Li YH, Lin CL, Wang JH, Han CL. Relation of body mass index to bleeding events among patients with percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:4831-4835. [PMID: 23876462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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