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Kjærstad HL, Varo C, Meluken I, Vieta E, Vinberg M, Kessing LV, Miskowiak KW. Emotional cognition subgroups in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with mood disorders. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2328-2338. [PMID: 37310310 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD) exhibit difficulties with emotional cognition even during remission. There is evidence for aberrant emotional cognition in unaffected relatives of patients with these mood disorders, but studies are conflicting. We aimed to investigate whether emotional cognition in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with mood disorders is characterised by heterogeneity using a data-driven approach. METHODS Data from 94 unaffected relatives (33 of MDD patients; 61 of BD patients) and 203 healthy controls were pooled from two cohort studies. Emotional cognition was assessed with the Social Scenarios Test, Facial Expression Recognition Test and Faces Dot-Probe Test. Hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted using emotional cognition data from the 94 unaffected relatives. The resulting emotional cognition clusters and controls were compared for emotional and non-emotional cognition, demographic characteristics and functioning. RESULTS Two distinct clusters of unaffected relatives were identified: a relatively 'emotionally preserved' cluster (55%; 40% relatives of MDD probands) and an 'emotionally blunted' cluster (45%; 29% relatives of MDD probands). 'Emotionally blunted' relatives presented with poorer neurocognitive performance (global cognition p = 0.010), heightened subsyndromal mania symptoms (p = 0.004), lower years of education (p = 0.004) and difficulties with interpersonal functioning (p = 0.005) than controls, whereas 'emotionally preserved' relatives were comparable to controls on these measures. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show discrete emotional cognition profiles that occur across healthy first-degree relatives of patients with MDD and BD. These emotional cognition clusters may provide insight into emotional cognitive markers of genetically distinct subgroups of individuals at familial risk of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Lie Kjærstad
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristina Varo
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Iselin Meluken
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maj Vinberg
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Psychiatric Centre North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Lars Vedel Kessing
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wijnen F, Walma van der Molen J, Voogt J. Primary teachers' attitudes towards using new technology and stimulating higher-order thinking in students: A profile analysis. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr) 2022; 28:6347-6372. [PMID: 36406790 PMCID: PMC9651889 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11413-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Critical thinking, creative thinking, problem solving and other so-called higher-order thinking skills are regarded as crucial for students to develop. Research shows that technology can be used as a tool to stimulate students' higher-order thinking skills. However, most teachers rarely use new technology to stimulate students to engage in higher-order thinking. To help teachers in this, we need to gain an understanding of teachers' attitudes towards using new technology and towards stimulating higher-order thinking. In this study, we explore these teacher attitudes by identifying teacher profiles based on primary school teachers' attitudes (N = 659) towards (a) using new technology and (b) stimulating higher-order thinking. Results of the cluster-analysis revealed three teacher profiles. In follow-up focus group interviews with 21 participants, we found that teachers recognized the identified profiles and that the results of the cluster-analysis matched teachers' self-chosen profiles in almost all cases. These results indicate that we can suitably characterize teachers based on their attitudes towards using new technology and stimulating higher-order thinking. Identification of these profiles may help us understand why certain groups of teachers may use new technology to stimulate students' higher-order thinking, while other teachers might not. This might provide starting points for tailored teacher professionalization for different groups of teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Wijnen
- Department of Teacher Development, ELAN, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joke Voogt
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Varo C, Kjærstad HL, Poulsen E, Meluken I, Vieta E, Kessing LV, Vinberg M, Miskowiak KW. Emotional cognition subgroups in mood disorders: Associations with familial risk. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 51:71-83. [PMID: 34098515 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Patients with mood disorders show heterogeneity in non-emotional cognition. However, it is unclear whether emotional cognition (EC) is characterised by similar heterogeneity. We aimed to investigate the heterogeneity in EC among remitted patients with mood disorders and explore its association with familial risk. Data from 269 partially or fully remitted patients with mood disorders, 87 of their unaffected relatives (UR) and 203 healthy controls (HC) were pooled from two cohort studies. Hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted using the EC data from patients. UR were categorised into groups consistent with their affected relatives' cluster assignment. Clusters were compared to HC on EC, non-emotional cognition, clinical characteristics and functioning. We identified three clusters: an 'emotionally preserved' (57%), an 'emotionally blunted' (26%) and an 'emotionally volatile' cluster (17%). 'Emotionally blunted' and 'emotionally volatile' patients also presented more deficits in non-emotional cognition (global cognition read z=-0.3 and -0.5 respectively). Relatives of 'emotionally preserved' patients were more successful at dampening negative emotions (p=.01, d=0.39, 95% CI [-0.76,-0.09]), whereas UR of 'emotionally impaired' patients underperformed in verbal fluency (p=.03, d=0.46, 95% CI [.03, 0.68]) compared to HC. The existence of impaired EC groups in remitted mood disorder highlights a need to screen for and treat EC in mood disorders. Improved ability to dampen emotions in UR of 'emotionally preserved' patients may reflect a resilience marker while impaired verbal fluency in UR of 'emotionally impaired' patients may reflect distinct genetic risk profiles in these EC subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Varo
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Hanne Lie Kjærstad
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emilie Poulsen
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iselin Meluken
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lars Vedel Kessing
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maj Vinberg
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Psychiatric Centre North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak
- Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen Affective Disorder research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Ronchi A, Sterzi A, Gandolfi M, Belarouci A, Giannetti C, Fatti ND, Banfi F, Ferrini G. Discrimination of nano-objects via cluster analysis techniques applied to time-resolved thermo-acoustic microscopy. Ultrasonics 2021; 114:106403. [PMID: 33677164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2021.106403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Time-effective, unsupervised clustering techniques are exploited to discriminate nanometric metal disks patterned on a dielectric substrate. The discrimination relies on cluster analysis applied to time-resolved optical traces obtained from thermo-acoustic microscopy based on asynchronous optical sampling. The analysis aims to recognize similarities among nanopatterned disks and to cluster them accordingly. Each cluster is characterized by a fingerprint time-resolved trace, synthesizing the common features of the thermo-acoustics response of the composing elements. The protocol is robust and widely applicable, not relying on any specific knowledge of the physical mechanisms involved. The present route constitutes an alternative diagnostic tool for on-chip non-destructive testing of individual nano-objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ronchi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics (I-LAMP), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy; Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Sterzi
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marco Gandolfi
- CNR-INO, Via Branze 45, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Ali Belarouci
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - CNRS - Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France
| | - Claudio Giannetti
- Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics (I-LAMP), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy; Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Natalia Del Fatti
- FemtoNanoOptics group, Université de Lyon, Institut Lumière Matière (ILM), Université Lyon 1 and CNRS, 10 rue Ada Byron, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Francesco Banfi
- Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics (I-LAMP), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy; FemtoNanoOptics group, Université de Lyon, Institut Lumière Matière (ILM), Université Lyon 1 and CNRS, 10 rue Ada Byron, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
| | - Gabriele Ferrini
- Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics (I-LAMP), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy; Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy.
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Pinedo-Villanueva R, Khalid S, Wylde V, Gooberman-Hill R, Soni A, Judge A. Identifying individuals with chronic pain after knee replacement: a population-cohort, cluster-analysis of Oxford knee scores in 128,145 patients from the English National Health Service. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:354. [PMID: 30285799 PMCID: PMC6169112 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately one in five patients undergoing knee replacement surgery experience chronic pain after their operation, which can negatively impact on their quality of life. In order to develop and evaluate interventions to improve the management of chronic post-surgical pain, we aimed to derive a cut-off point in the Oxford Knee Score pain subscale to identify patients with chronic pain following knee replacement, and to characterise these patients using self-reported outcomes. METHODS Data from the English Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) programme were used. This comprised patient-reported data from 128,145 patients who underwent primary knee replacement surgery in England between 2012 and 2015. Cluster analysis was applied to derive a cut-off point on the pain subscale of the Oxford Knee Score. RESULTS A high-pain group was identified, described by a maximum of 14 points in the Oxford Knee Score pain subscale six months after surgery. The high-pain group, comprising 15% of the sample, was characterised by severe and frequent problems in all pain dimensions, particularly in pain severity, night pain and limping, as well as in all dimensions of health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Patients with Oxford Knee Score pain subscale scores of 14 or less at six months after knee replacement can be considered to be in chronic pain that is likely to negatively affect their quality of life. This derived cut-off can be used for patient selection in research settings to design and assess interventions that support patients in their management of chronic post-surgical pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pinedo-Villanueva
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK. .,MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Sara Khalid
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Vikki Wylde
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Level 1, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rachael Gooberman-Hill
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Level 1, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anushka Soni
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Judge
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.,Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Level 1, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Hillege SL, Brand EFJM, Mulder EA, Vermeiren RRJM, van Domburgh L. Serious juvenile offenders: classification into subgroups based on static and dynamic charateristics. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11:67. [PMID: 29296120 PMCID: PMC5740506 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-017-0201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The population in juvenile justice institutions is heterogeneous, as juveniles display a large variety of individual, psychological and social problems. This variety of risk factors and personal characteristics complicates treatment planning. Insight into subgroups and specific profiles of problems in serious juvenile offenders is helpful in identifying important treatment indicators for each subgroup of serious juvenile offenders. METHODS To identify subgroups with combined offender characteristics, cluster-analyses were performed on data of 2010 adolescents from all juvenile justice institutions in the Netherlands. The study included a wide spectrum of static and dynamic offender characteristics and was a replication of a previous study, in order to replicate and validate the identified subgroups. To identify the subgroups that are most useful in clinical practice, different numbers of subgroup-solutions were presented to clinicians. RESULTS Combining both good statistical fit and clinical relevance resulted in seven subgroups. Most subgroups resemble the subgroups found in the previous study and one extra subgroups was identified. Subgroups were named after their own identifying characteristics: (1) sexual problems, (2) antisocial identity and mental health problems, (3) lack of empathy and conscience, (4) flat profile, (5) family problems, (6) substance use problems, and (7) sexual, cognitive and social problems. CONCLUSIONS Subgroups of offenders as identified seem rather stable. Therefore risk factor scores can help to identify characteristics of serious juvenile offenders, which can be used in clinical practice to adjust treatment to the specific risk and needs of each subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne L. Hillege
- 0000 0004 0435 165Xgrid.16872.3aDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Duivendrecht, P.O. Box 303, Amsterdam, 1115 ZG The Netherlands ,Intermetzo-Pluryn, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eddy F. J. M. Brand
- Department of Justice, National Agency of Correctional Institutions, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Eva A. Mulder
- Intermetzo-Pluryn, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,0000000089452978grid.10419.3dCurium-LUMC, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert R. J. M. Vermeiren
- 0000 0004 0435 165Xgrid.16872.3aDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Duivendrecht, P.O. Box 303, Amsterdam, 1115 ZG The Netherlands ,0000000089452978grid.10419.3dCurium-LUMC, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke van Domburgh
- 0000 0004 0435 165Xgrid.16872.3aDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Duivendrecht, P.O. Box 303, Amsterdam, 1115 ZG The Netherlands ,Intermetzo-Pluryn, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Feder S, Sundermann B, Wersching H, Teuber A, Kugel H, Teismann H, Heindel W, Berger K, Pfleiderer B. Sample heterogeneity in unipolar depression as assessed by functional connectivity analyses is dominated by general disease effects. J Affect Disord 2017; 222:79-87. [PMID: 28679115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Combinations of resting-state fMRI and machine-learning techniques are increasingly employed to develop diagnostic models for mental disorders. However, little is known about the neurobiological heterogeneity of depression and diagnostic machine learning has mainly been tested in homogeneous samples. Our main objective was to explore the inherent structure of a diverse unipolar depression sample. The secondary objective was to assess, if such information can improve diagnostic classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed data from 360 patients with unipolar depression and 360 non-depressed population controls, who were subdivided into two independent subsets. Cluster analyses (unsupervised learning) of functional connectivity were used to generate hypotheses about potential patient subgroups from the first subset. The relationship of clusters with demographical and clinical measures was assessed. Subsequently, diagnostic classifiers (supervised learning), which incorporated information about these putative depression subgroups, were trained. RESULTS Exploratory cluster analyses revealed two weakly separable subgroups of depressed patients. These subgroups differed in the average duration of depression and in the proportion of patients with concurrently severe depression and anxiety symptoms. The diagnostic classification models performed at chance level. LIMITATIONS It remains unresolved, if subgroups represent distinct biological subtypes, variability of continuous clinical variables or in part an overfitting of sparsely structured data. CONCLUSIONS Functional connectivity in unipolar depression is associated with general disease effects. Cluster analyses provide hypotheses about potential depression subtypes. Diagnostic models did not benefit from this additional information regarding heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Feder
- University Hospital Münster, Department of Clinical Radiology, Münster, Germany; University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Sundermann
- University Hospital Münster, Department of Clinical Radiology, Münster, Germany.
| | - Heike Wersching
- University of Münster, Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Anja Teuber
- University of Münster, Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Kugel
- University Hospital Münster, Department of Clinical Radiology, Münster, Germany
| | - Henning Teismann
- University of Münster, Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Walter Heindel
- University Hospital Münster, Department of Clinical Radiology, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Berger
- University of Münster, Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Bettina Pfleiderer
- University Hospital Münster, Department of Clinical Radiology, Münster, Germany; University of Münster, Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, Münster, Germany
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Boone L, Claes L, Luyten P. Too strict or too loose? Perfectionism and impulsivity: the relation with eating disorder symptoms using a person-centered approach. Eat Behav 2014; 15:17-23. [PMID: 24411744 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although both perfectionism (i.e. personal standards perfectionism and evaluative concerns perfectionism) and impulsivity have been shown to be implicated in eating disorders, no previous studies have examined the interplay between both personality dimensions in their association with eating disorder symptoms. This is the first study to investigate the relationship between empirically derived personality subtypes based on perfectionism and impulsivity and eating disorder symptoms (i.e., dietary restraint, and concerns over eating, weight and shape). Cluster analysis was used to establish naturally occurring combinations of perfectionism and impulsivity in adolescent boys and girls (N=460; M age=14.2 years, SD=.90). Evidence was obtained for four personality profiles: (1) a resilient subtype (low on perfectionism and impulsivity), (2) pure impulsivity subtype (high on impulsivity only), (3) pure perfectionism subtype (high on perfectionism only), and (4) combined perfectionism/impulsivity subtype (high on both perfectionism and impulsivity). Participants in these four clusters showed differences in terms of eating disorder symptoms in that participants with a combination of high perfectionism and high impulsivity (rather than the presence of one of these two characteristics alone) had the highest levels of ED symptoms. These findings shed new light on extant theories concerning ED.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence Claes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Luyten
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium; Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, UK
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