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van Muijlwijk GH, Rice TA, Flavell RA, Palm NW, de Zoete MR. Allobaculum mucilyticum sp. nov. and Allobaculum fili sp. nov., isolated from the human intestinal tract. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 36748696 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of a culturomics study to identify bacterial species associated with inflammatory bowel disease, a large collection of bacteria was isolated from patients with ulcerative colitis. Two of these isolates were tentatively identified as members of the family Erysipelotrichaceae. Following phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and genome sequences, both strain 128T and 539T were found to be most closely related to Allobaculum stercoricanis, with G+C contents of 48.6 and 50.5 mol%, respectively, and the genome sizes of 2 864 314 and 2 580 362 base pairs, respectively. Strains 128T and 539T were strict anaerobe rods that grew in long chains between 37 and 42 °C. Scanning electron microscopy did not reveal flagella, fimbriae or visible endospores. Biochemical analysis showed nearly identical results for both strains with enzymatic activity of C4 and C8 esterases, acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, β-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase and arginine arylamidase. In addition, both strains produced indole and reduced nitrate. Major fatty acids were identified as C18:1 ω9c (oleic acid, 64.06% in 128T and 74.35% in 539T), C18:1 ω7c/C18:1 ω9t/C18:1 ω12t/UN17.834 (16.18 % in 128T and 6.22% in 539T) and C16:0 (6.23% in 128T and 7.37% in 538T). Based on these analyses two novel species are proposed, Allobaculum mucilyticum sp. nov. with the type strain 128T (=NCTC 14626T=DSM 112815T) and Allobaculum fili sp. nov. with the type strain 539T (=NCTC 14627T=DSM 112814T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guus H van Muijlwijk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tyler A Rice
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Noah W Palm
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Marcel R de Zoete
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Abstract
Studies identifying bacterial members that dictate host phenotype have focused mainly on the dominant members, and the role of low abundance microbes in determining host phenotypes and pathogenesis of diseases remains unexplored. In this study, we compared the gut bacterial community of mice with wide-ranging microbial exposure to determine if low abundance bacteria vary based on microbial exposure or remain consistent. We noted that similar to the high abundance bacterial community, a core community of low abundance bacteria made up a significant portion of the gut microbiome irrespective of microbial exposure. To determine the role of low abundance bacteria in regulating community composition and host gene expression, we devised a microbiome dilution strategy to "delete" out low abundance bacteria and engrafted the diluted microbiomes into germ-free mice. Our approach successfully excluded low abundance bacteria from small and large intestinal bacterial communities and induced global changes in microbial community composition in the large intestine. Gene expression analysis of intestinal tissue revealed that loss of low abundance bacteria resulted in a drastic reduction in expression of multiple genes involved MHCII antigen presentation pathway and T-cell cytokine production in the small intestine. The effect of low abundance bacteria on MHCII expression was found to be specific to the intestinal epithelium at an early timepoint post-colonization and correlated with bacteria belonging to the family Erysipelotrichaceae. We conclude that low abundance bacteria have a significantly higher immuno-stimulatory effect compared to dominant bacteria and are thus potent drivers of early immune education in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geongoo Han
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hien Luong
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Shipra Vaishnava
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,CONTACT Shipra Vaishnava Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Ma X, Brinker E, Graff EC, Cao W, Gross AL, Johnson AK, Zhang C, Martin DR, Wang X. Whole-Genome Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing Reveals Distinct Gut Microbiome Signatures of Obese Cats. Microbiol Spectr 2022;:e0083722. [PMID: 35467389 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00837-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are growing health problems in domestic cats, increasing the risks of insulin resistance, lipid dyscrasias, neoplasia, cardiovascular disease, and decreasing longevity. The signature of obesity in the feline gut microbiota has not been studied at the whole-genome metagenomic level. We performed whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing in the fecal samples of eight overweight/obese and eight normal cats housed in the same research environment. We obtained 271 Gbp of sequences and generated a 961-Mbp de novo reference contig assembly, with 1.14 million annotated microbial genes. In the obese cat microbiome, we discovered a significant reduction in microbial diversity (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes abundance (P = 0.005), as well as decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios (P = 0.02), which is the inverse of obese human/mouse microbiota. Linear discriminant analysis and quantitative PCR (qPCR) validation revealed significant increases of Bifidobacterium sp., Olsenella provencensis, Dialister sp.CAG:486, and Campylobacter upsaliensis as the hallmark of obese microbiota among 400 enriched species, whereas 1,525 bacterial species have decreased abundance in the obese microbiome. Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens and an uncharacterized Erysipelotrichaceae bacterium are highly abundant (>0.05%) in the normal gut with over 400-fold depletion in the obese microbiome. Fatty acid synthesis-related pathways are significantly overrepresented in the obese compared with the normal cat microbiome. In conclusion, we discovered dramatically decreased microbial diversity in obese cat gut microbiota, suggesting potential dysbiosis. A panel of seven significantly altered, highly abundant species can serve as a microbiome indicator of obesity. Our findings in the obese cat microbiome composition, abundance, and functional capacities provide new insights into feline obesity. IMPORTANCE Obesity affects around 45% of domestic cats, and licensed drugs for treating feline obesity are lacking. Physical exercise and calorie restrictions are commonly used for weight loss but with limited efficacy. Through comprehensive analyses of normal and obese cat gut bacteria flora, we identified dramatic shifts in the obese gut microbiome, including four bacterial species significantly enriched and two species depleted in the obese cats. The key bacterial community and functional capacity alterations discovered from this study will inform new weight management strategies for obese cats, such as evaluations of specific diet formulas that alter the microbiome composition, and the development of prebiotics and probiotics that promote the increase of beneficial species and the depletion of obesity-associated species. Interestingly, these bacteria identified in our study were also reported to affect the weight loss success in human patients, suggesting translational potential in human obesity.
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Manzano M, Talavera-Rodríguez A, Moreno E, Madrid N, Gosalbes MJ, Ron R, Dronda F, Pérez-Molina JA, Lanza VF, Díaz J, Moreno S, Navia B, Serrano-Villar S. Relationship of Diet to Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Biomarkers in People with HIV. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 35334878 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
While changes in microbiome composition have been associated with HIV, the effect of diet and its potential impact on inflammation remains unclear. Methods: Twenty-seven people living with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) were studied. A comprehensive dietary analysis was performed and two types of dietary patterns were determined. We explored the associations of each dietary pattern with gut microbiota and plasma inflammatory biomarkers. Results: We appreciated two dietary patterns, Mediterranean-like (MEL) and one Western-like (WEL). Compared to participants with the WEL pattern, participants with MEL pattern showed higher abundance of Lachnospira (p-value = 0.02) and lower levels of the inflammatory biomarkers D-dimer (p-value = 0.050) and soluble TNF-alpha receptor 2 (sTNFR2) (p-value = 0.049). Men who have sex with men (MSM) with MEL pattern had lower abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae (p-value < 0.001) and lower levels of D-dimer (p-value = 0.026) than MSM with WEL pattern. Conclusion: MEL pattern favours Lachnospira abundance, and protects against Erysipelotrichaceae abundance and higher levels of the inflammatory biomarkers D-dimer and sTNFR2, precursors of inflammatory processes in HIV-infected patients. Our study contributes to understanding the determinants of a healthier diet and its connections with gut microbiota and inflammation.
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Han QQ, Fu Y, Le JM, Pilot A, Cheng S, Chen PQ, Wu H, Wan GQ, Gu XF. Electroacupuncture may alleviate behavioral defects via modulation of gut microbiota in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Acupunct Med 2021; 39:501-511. [PMID: 33557583 DOI: 10.1177/0964528421990658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease involving non-motor symptoms, of which gastrointestinal disorders are the most common. In light of recent results, intestinal dysfunction may be involved in the pathogenesis of PD. Electroacupuncture (EA) has shown potential effects, although the underlying mechanism remains mostly unknown. We speculated that EA could relieve the behavioral defects of PD, and that this effect would be associated with modulation of the gut microbiota. METHODS Mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, PD + MA (manual acupuncture), and PD + EA. MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) was used to establish the mouse model of PD. Rotarod performance tests, open field tests, and pole tests were carried out to assess motor deficiencies. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to examine the survival of dopaminergic neurons. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing was applied to investigate the alterations of the gut microbiome. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to characterize the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS We found that EA was able to alleviate the behavioral defects in the rotarod performance test and pole test, and partially rescue the significant loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) chemically induced by MPTP in mice. Moreover, the PD + MA mice showed a tendency toward decreased intestinal microbial alpha diversity, while EA significantly reversed it. The abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae was significantly increased in PD + MA mice, and the alteration was also reversed by EA. In addition, the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were substantially increased in the SN of PD + MA mice, an effect that was reversed by EA. CONCLUSION These results suggest that EA may alleviate behavioral defects via modulation of gut microbiota and suppression of inflammation in the SN of mice with PD, which provides new insights into the pathogenesis of PD and its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Qin Han
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Mei Le
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Adam Pilot
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Si Cheng
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Qing Chen
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Qing Wan
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Feng Gu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Ghimire S, Wongkuna S, Scaria J. Description of a new member of the family Erysipelotrichaceae: Dakotella fusiforme gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from healthy human feces. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10071. [PMID: 33083133 PMCID: PMC7543727 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped facultative anaerobic bacterial strain SG502T was isolated from healthy human fecal samples in Brookings, SD, USA. The comparison of the 16S rRNA gene placed the strain within the family Erysipelotrichaceae. Within this family, Clostridium innocuum ATCC 14501T, Longicatena caecimuris strain PG-426-CC-2, Eubacterium dolichum DSM 3991T and E. tortuosum DSM 3987T(=ATCC 25548T) were its closest taxa with 95.28%, 94.17%, 93.25%, and 92.75% 16S rRNA sequence identities respectively. The strain SG502T placed itself close to C. innocuum in the 16S rRNA phylogeny. The members of genus Clostridium within family Erysipelotrichaceae was proposed to be reassigned to genus Erysipelatoclostridium to resolve the misclassification of genus Clostridium. Therefore, C. innocuum was also classified into this genus temporarily with the need to reclassify it in the future because of its difference in genomic properties. Similarly, genome sequencing of the strain and comparison with its 16S phylogenetic members and proposed members of the genus Erysipelatoclostridium, SG502T warranted a separate genus even though its 16S rRNA similarity was >95% when comapred to C. innocuum. The strain was 71.8% similar at ANI, 19.8% [17.4–22.2%] at dDDH and 69.65% similar at AAI to its closest neighbor C. innocuum. The genome size was nearly 2,683,792 bp with 32.88 mol% G+C content, which is about half the size of C. innocuum genome and the G+C content revealed 10 mol% difference. Phenotypically, the optimal growth temperature and pH for the strain SG502T were 37 °C and 7.0 respectively. Acetate was the major short-chain fatty acid product of the strain when grown in BHI-M medium. The major cellular fatty acids produced were C18:1ω9c, C18:0and C16:0. Thus, based on the polyphasic analysis, for the type strain SG502T (=DSM 107282T= CCOS 1889T), the name Dakotella fusiforme gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Ghimire
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States of America
| | - Supapit Wongkuna
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States of America
| | - Joy Scaria
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States of America
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Seo B, Jeon K, Baek I, Lee YM, Baek K, Ko G. Faecalibacillus intestinalis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Faecalibacillus faecis sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2120-2128. [PMID: 31099736 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two long-rod-shaped, Gram-stain-positive, obligately anaerobic and non-spore-forming strains, SNUG30099T and SNUG30370T, were isolated from faecal samples of healthy Korean subjects. The strains formed circular ivory-coloured colonies on Brain-heart infusion medium supplemented with 0.5% Difco yeast extract (YBHI) agar and cells were approximately 3.5-4.5×0.3-0.4 µm in size. Taxonomic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences distinguished the strains from other species within the family Erysipelotrichaceae. The closest relative of strains SNUG30099T and SNUG30370T was Longibaculum muris (92.9 % and 93.6 % similarity, respectively), followed by Clostridium saccharogumia (92.3 % and 92.2 %). Phylogenetic inference also divided the strains into a unique branch that differed from other related strains that belong to the family Erysipelotrichaceae. DNA G+C contents based on the whole genome sequences of strains SNUG30099T and SNUG30370T were 29.2 and 30.2 mol%, respectively. Both novel strains possessed meso-diaminopimelic acid as the peptidoglycan, and phosphatidylethanolamine was observed as one of the major polar lipids. The major cellular fatty acid composition was different from those of other related taxa. In addition, the profile of biochemical activities advocated that the strains have distinct characteristics in comparison to other strains. Taken together, a novel genus, named Faecalibacillus gen. nov., is proposed, which includes the type species Faecalibacillus intestinalis sp. nov. for strain SNUG30099T and Faecalibacillus faecis sp. nov. for strain SNUG30370T. The type strains of these novel species are SNUG30099T (=KCTC 15631T=JCM 32256T) and SNUG30370T (=KCTC 15632T=JCM 32257T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Seo
- 1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 2School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungchan Jeon
- 1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inwoo Baek
- 2School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Mi Lee
- 3Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwoon Baek
- 4Freshwater Bioresources Research Bureau, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - GwangPyo Ko
- 5KoBioLabs, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 7Center for Human and Environmental Microbiome, Institute of Health and Environment,Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 6Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim JS, Choe H, Lee YR, Kim KM, Park DS. Intestinibaculum porci gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Erysipelotrichaceae isolated from the small intestine of a swine. J Microbiol 2019; 57:381-7. [PMID: 30796749 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-8631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A strictly anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated SG0102T, was isolated from the small intestine of a swine. Optimal growth occurred at 37°C and pH 7.0. Furthermore, growth was observed in the presence of up to 3% (w/v) NaCl but not at salinity levels higher than 4%. The comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SG0102T was most closely related to Kandleria vitulina DSM 20405T (93.3%), followed by Catenibacterium mitsuokai KCTC 5053T (91.1%), Sharpea azabuensis KCTC 15217T (91.0%), and Eggerthia catenaformis DSM 5348T (89.6%). The average nucleotide identity values between strain SG0102T and related species, K. vitulina DSM 20405T, C. mitsuokai KCTC 5053T, S. azabuensis KCTC 15217T, and E. catenaformis DSM 5348T, were 71.0, 69.3, 70.0, and 69.2%, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain SG0102T belonged to the family Erysipelotrichaceae in the class Erysipelotrichia. The DNA G + C content of the strain SG0102T was 39.5 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids (> 10%) of strain SG0102T were C16:0, C16:0 dimethyl acetal, and C18:2ω9/12c. The cell wall peptidoglycan of strain SG0102T contained the meso-diaminopimelic acid. The strain SG0102T produced lactic acid as a major end product of fermentation. These distinct phenotypic and phylogenetic properties suggest that strain SG0102T represents a novel species in a novel genus of the family Erysipelotrichaceae, for which the name Intestinibaculum porci gen. nov. sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SG0102T (= KCTC 15725T = NBRC 113396T).
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Truax AD, Chen L, Tam JW, Cheng N, Guo H, Koblansky AA, Chou WC, Wilson JE, Brickey WJ, Petrucelli A, Liu R, Cooper DE, Koenigsknecht MJ, Young VB, Netea MG, Stienstra R, Sartor RB, Montgomery SA, Coleman RA, Ting JPY. The Inhibitory Innate Immune Sensor NLRP12 Maintains a Threshold against Obesity by Regulating Gut Microbiota Homeostasis. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 24:364-378.e6. [PMID: 30212649 PMCID: PMC6161752 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In addition to high-fat diet (HFD) and inactivity, inflammation and microbiota composition contribute to obesity. Inhibitory immune receptors, such as NLRP12, dampen inflammation and are important for resolving inflammation, but their role in obesity is unknown. We show that obesity in humans correlates with reduced expression of adipose tissue NLRP12. Similarly, Nlrp12-/- mice show increased weight gain, adipose deposition, blood glucose, NF-κB/MAPK activation, and M1-macrophage polarization. Additionally, NLRP12 is required to mitigate HFD-induced inflammasome activation. Co-housing with wild-type animals, antibiotic treatment, or germ-free condition was sufficient to restrain inflammation, obesity, and insulin tolerance in Nlrp12-/- mice, implicating the microbiota. HFD-fed Nlrp12-/- mice display dysbiosis marked by increased obesity-associated Erysipelotrichaceae, but reduced Lachnospiraceae family and the associated enzymes required for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) synthesis. Lachnospiraceae or SCFA administration attenuates obesity, inflammation, and dysbiosis. These findings reveal that Nlrp12 reduces HFD-induced obesity by maintaining beneficial microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka D Truax
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason W Tam
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ning Cheng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hao Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Alicia Koblansky
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Justin E Wilson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W June Brickey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alex Petrucelli
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniel E Cooper
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark J Koenigsknecht
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vincent B Young
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rinke Stienstra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - R Balfour Sartor
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rosalind A Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Alcaraz LD, Hernández AM, Peimbert M. Exploring the cockatiel ( Nymphicus hollandicus) fecal microbiome, bacterial inhabitants of a worldwide pet. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2837. [PMID: 28028487 PMCID: PMC5183021 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) were originally endemic to Australia; now they are popular pets with a global distribution. It is now possible to conduct detailed molecular studies on cultivable and uncultivable bacteria that are part of the intestinal microbiome of healthy animals. These studies show that bacteria are an essential part of the metabolic capacity of animals. There are few studies on bird microbiomes and, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the cockatiel microbiome. METHODS In this paper, we analyzed the gut microbiome from fecal samples of three healthy adult cockatiels by massive sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Additionally, we compared the cockatiel fecal microbiomes with those of other bird species, including poultry and wild birds. RESULTS The vast majority of the bacteria found in cockatiels were Firmicutes, while Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were poorly represented. A total of 19,280 different OTUs were detected, of which 8,072 belonged to the Erysipelotrichaceae family. DISCUSSION It is relevant to study cockatiel the microbiomes of cockatiels owing to their wide geographic distribution and close human contact. This study serves as a reference for cockatiel bacterial diversity. Despite the large OTU numbers, the diversity is not even and is dominated by Firmicutes of the Erysipelotrichaceae family. Cockatiels and other wild birds are almost depleted of Bacteroidetes, which happen to be abundant in poultry-related birds, and this is probably associated with the intensive human manipulation of poultry bird diets. Some probable pathogenic bacteria, such as Clostridium and Serratia, appeared to be frequent inhabitants of the fecal microbiome of cockatiels, whereas other potential pathogens were not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis David Alcaraz
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Apolinar M. Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Peimbert
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
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Tegtmeier D, Riese C, Geissinger O, Radek R, Brune A. Breznakia blatticola gen. nov. sp. nov. and Breznakia pachnodae sp. nov., two fermenting bacteria isolated from insect guts, and emended description of the family Erysipelotrichaceae. Syst Appl Microbiol 2016; 39:319-29. [PMID: 27270136 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two novel, obligately anaerobic Firmicutes from the family Erysipelotrichaceae were isolated from the intestinal tracts of a cockroach (strain ErySL, Shelfordella lateralis) and a scarab beetle larva (strain Pei061, Pachnoda ephippiata). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strains belong to a monophyletic group of hitherto uncultured bacteria from insect guts that are only distantly related to any described species (<90% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Ultrastructural analysis revealed a Gram-positive cell envelope and, in the case of strain ErySL, a wide electron-lucent space between the cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall. In older cultures, cells formed pleomorphic rods with a thicker peptidoglycan layer. Both strains were obligately anaerobic and fermented glucose to formate, ethanol, and acetate as major products, but strain Pei061 tolerated up to 1% oxygen in the headspace. The same type of metabolism was observed with Erysipelothrix inopinata, except that the latter grew, albeit poorly, even under air. However, previous claims of a microaerophilic or facultatively anaerobic metabolism in the genus Erysipelothrix could not be substantiated. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, we propose to classify the isolates as members of a new genus, Breznakia blatticola gen. nov. sp. nov. and Breznakia pachnodae sp. nov., with strain ErySL(T) (=DSM 28867(T)=JCM 30190(T)) and strain Pei061(T) (=DSM 16784(T)=JCM 30191(T)) as type strains, and provide an emended description of the family Erysipelotrichaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Tegtmeier
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Cornelius Riese
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Geissinger
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Renate Radek
- Institute of Biology/Zoology, Free University of Berlin, Königin-Luise-Strasse 1-3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Brune
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
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