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Reneer ZB, Bergeron HC, Reynolds S, Thornhill-Wadolowski E, Feng L, Bugno M, Truax AD, Tripp RA. mRNA vaccines encoding influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) elicits immunity in mice from influenza A virus challenge. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297833. [PMID: 38635725 PMCID: PMC11025922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses cause epidemics and can cause pandemics with substantial morbidity with some mortality every year. Seasonal influenza vaccines have incomplete effectiveness and elicit a narrow antibody response that often does not protect against mutations occurring in influenza viruses. Thus, various vaccine approaches have been investigated to improve safety and efficacy. Here, we evaluate an mRNA influenza vaccine encoding hemagglutinin (HA) proteins in a BALB/c mouse model. The results show that mRNA vaccination elicits neutralizing and serum antibodies to each influenza virus strain contained in the current quadrivalent vaccine that is designed to protect against four different influenza viruses including two influenza A viruses (IAV) and two influenza B (IBV), as well as several antigenically distinct influenza virus strains in both hemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI) and virus neutralization assays. The quadrivalent mRNA vaccines had antibody titers comparable to the antibodies elicited by the monovalent vaccines to each tested virus regardless of dosage following an mRNA booster vaccine. Mice vaccinated with mRNA encoding an H1 HA had decreased weight loss and decreased lung viral titers compared to mice not vaccinated with an mRNA encoding an H1 HA. Overall, this study demonstrates the efficacy of mRNA-based seasonal influenza vaccines are their potential to replace both the currently available split-inactivated, and live-attenuated seasonal influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Beau Reneer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Unites States of America
| | - Harrison C. Bergeron
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Unites States of America
| | - Stephen Reynolds
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Unites States of America
| | | | - Lan Feng
- Immorna Biotherapeutics, Morrisville, NC, United States of America
| | - Marcin Bugno
- Immorna Biotherapeutics, Morrisville, NC, United States of America
| | | | - Ralph A. Tripp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Unites States of America
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2
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Lee EJ, Napier RJ, Vance EE, Lashley SJ, Truax AD, Ting JP, Rosenzweig HL. The innate immune receptor Nlrp12 suppresses autoimmunity to the retina. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:69. [PMID: 35313917 PMCID: PMC8939070 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02425-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nod-like receptors (NLRs) are critical to innate immune activation and induction of adaptive T cell responses. Yet, their role in autoinflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) remains incompletely defined. The NLR, Nlrp12, has been reported to both inhibit and promote neuroinflammation in an animal model of multiple sclerosis (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, EAE), where its T cell-specific role has been investigated. Uveitis resulting from autoimmunity of the neuroretina, an extension of the CNS, involves a breach in immune privilege and entry of T cells into the eye. Here, we examined the contribution of Nlrp12 in a T cell-mediated model of uveitis, experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). Methods Mice were immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein peptide 1–20 (IRBP1–20) emulsified in Complete Freund’s adjuvant, CFA. Uveitis was evaluated by clinical and histopathological scoring, and comparisons were made in WT vs. Nlrp12−/− mice, lymphopenic Rag1−/− mice reconstituted with WT vs. Nlrp12−/− CD4+ T cells, or among bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice. Antigen-specific Th-effector responses were evaluated by ELISA and intracellular cytokine staining. Cellular composition of uveitic eyes from WT or Nlrp12−/− mice was compared using flow cytometry. Expression of Nlrp12 and of cytokines/chemokines within the neuroretina was evaluated by immunoblotting and quantitative PCR. Results Nlrp12−/− mice developed exacerbated uveitis characterized by extensive vasculitis, chorioretinal infiltrates and photoreceptor damage. Nlrp12 was dispensable for T cell priming and differentiation of peripheral Th1 or Th17 cells, and uveitis in immunodeficient mice reconstituted with either Nlrp12−/− or WT T cells was similar. Collectively, this ruled out T cells as the source of Nlrp12-mediated protection to EAU. Uveitic Nlrp12−/− eyes had more pronounced myeloid cell accumulation than uveitic WT eyes. Transplantation of Nlrp12−/− BM resulted in increased susceptibility to EAU regardless of host genotype, but interestingly, a non-hematopoietic origin for Nlrp12 function was also observed. Indeed, Nlrp12 was found to be constitutively expressed in the neuroretina, where it suppressed chemokine/cytokine induction. Conclusions Our data identify a combinatorial role for Nlrp12 in dampening autoimmunity of the neuroretina. These findings could provide a pathway for development of therapies for uveitis and potentially other autoinflammatory/autoimmune diseases of the CNS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02425-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen J Lee
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Dept. of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ruth J Napier
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Dept. of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Emily E Vance
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Dept. of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Agnieszka D Truax
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jenny P Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Depts. Genetics and Microbiology-Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Holly L Rosenzweig
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA. .,Dept. of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. .,Oregon Health & Science University, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd., Bldg 103, Room E-222, Mail stop: VA R&D-14, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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3
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Torosyan R, Huang S, Bommi PV, Tiwari R, An SY, Schonfeld M, Rajendran G, Kavanaugh MA, Gibbs B, Truax AD, Bohney S, Calcutt MW, Kerr EW, Leonardi R, Gao P, Chandel NS, Kapitsinou PP. Hypoxic preconditioning protects against ischemic kidney injury through the IDO1/kynurenine pathway. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109547. [PMID: 34407414 PMCID: PMC8487442 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged cellular hypoxia leads to energetic failure and death. However, sublethal hypoxia can trigger an adaptive response called hypoxic preconditioning. While prolyl-hydroxylase (PHD) enzymes and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) have been identified as key elements of oxygen-sensing machinery, the mechanisms by which hypoxic preconditioning protects against insults remain unclear. Here, we perform serum metabolomic profiling to assess alterations induced by two potent cytoprotective approaches, hypoxic preconditioning and pharmacologic PHD inhibition. We discover that both approaches increase serum kynurenine levels and enhance kynurenine biotransformation, leading to preservation of NAD+ in the post-ischemic kidney. Furthermore, we show that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (Ido1) deficiency abolishes the systemic increase of kynurenine and the subsequent renoprotection generated by hypoxic preconditioning and PHD inhibition. Importantly, exogenous administration of kynurenine restores the hypoxic preconditioning in the context of Ido1 deficiency. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a critical role of the IDO1-kynurenine axis in mediating hypoxic preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Torosyan
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Shengping Huang
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Prashant V Bommi
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ratnakar Tiwari
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Si Young An
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Schonfeld
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ganeshkumar Rajendran
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Matthew A Kavanaugh
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Benjamin Gibbs
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | | | - M Wade Calcutt
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Evan W Kerr
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Roberta Leonardi
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Peng Gao
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center Metabolomics Core, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center Metabolomics Core, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pinelopi P Kapitsinou
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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4
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Vega RB, Whytock KL, Gassenhuber J, Goebel B, Tillner J, Agueusop I, Truax AD, Yu G, Carnero E, Kapoor N, Gardell S, Sparks LM, Smith SR. A Metabolomic Signature of Glucagon Action in Healthy Individuals With Overweight/Obesity. J Endocr Soc 2021; 5:bvab118. [PMID: 34337278 PMCID: PMC8317630 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Glucagon is produced and released from the pancreatic alpha-cell to regulate glucose levels during periods of fasting. The main target for glucagon action is the liver, where it activates gluconeogenesis and glycogen breakdown; however, glucagon is postulated to have other roles within the body. Objective We sought to identify the circulating metabolites that would serve as markers of glucagon action in humans. Methods In this study (NCT03139305), we performed a continuous 72-hour glucagon infusion in healthy individuals with overweight/obesity. Participants were randomized to receive glucagon 12.5 ng/kg/min (GCG 12.5), glucagon 25 ng/kg/min (GCG 25), or a placebo control. A comprehensive metabolomics analysis was then performed from plasma isolated at several time points during the infusion to identify markers of glucagon activity. Results Glucagon (GCG 12.5 and GCG 25) resulted in significant changes in the plasma metabolome as soon as 4 hours following infusion. Pathways involved in amino acid metabolism were among the most affected. Rapid and sustained reduction of a broad panel of amino acids was observed. Additionally, time-dependent changes in free fatty acids and diacylglycerol and triglyceride species were observed. Conclusion These results define a distinct signature of glucagon action that is broader than the known changes in glucose levels. In particular, the robust changes in amino acid levels may prove useful to monitor changes induced by glucagon in the context of additional glucagon-like peptide-1 or gastric inhibitory polypeptide treatment, as these agents also elicit changes in glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick B Vega
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Katie L Whytock
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gongxin Yu
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Elvis Carnero
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Nidhi Kapoor
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Stephen Gardell
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Lauren M Sparks
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Steven R Smith
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
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5
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Kim YC, Truax AD, Giamouridis D, Lai NC, Guo T, Hammond HK, Gao MH. Significant alteration of liver metabolites by AAV8.Urocortin 2 gene transfer in mice with insulin resistance. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224428. [PMID: 31790421 PMCID: PMC6886859 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urocortin 2 (Ucn2) is a 38-amino acid peptide of the corticotropin-releasing factor family. Intravenous (IV) delivery of an adeno-associated virus vector serotype 8 encoding Ucn2 (AAV8.Ucn2) increases insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal in mice with insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of Ucn2 on liver metabolome. METHODS Six-week-old C57BL6 mice were divided into normal chow (CHOW)-fed and high fat diet (HFD)-fed groups. The animals received saline, AAV8 encoding no gene (AAV8.Empt) or AAV8.Ucn2 (2x1013 genome copy/kg, IV injection). Livers were isolated from CHOW-fed and HFD-fed mice and analyzed by untargeted metabolomics. Group differences were statistically analyzed. RESULTS In CHOW-fed mice, AAV8.Ucn2 gene transfer (vs. saline) altered the metabolites in glycolysis, pentose phosphate, glycogen synthesis, glycogenolysis, and choline-folate-methionine signaling pathways. In addition, AAV8.Ucn2 gene transfer increased amino acids and peptides, which were associated with reduced protein synthesis. In insulin resistant (HFD-induced) mice, HFD (vs CHOW) altered 448 (112 increased and 336 decreased) metabolites and AAV8.Ucn2 altered 239 metabolites (124 increased and 115 reduced) in multiple pathways. There are 61 metabolites in 5 super pathways showed interactions between diet and AAV8.Ucn2 treatment. Among them, AAV8.Ucn2 gene transfer reversed HFD effects on 13 metabolites. Finally, plasma Ucn2 effects were determined using a 3-group comparison of HFD-fed mice that received AAV8.Ucn2, AAV.Empt or saline, where 18 metabolites that altered by HFD (15 increased and 3 decreased), but restored levels to that seen in CHOW-fed mice by increased plasma Ucn2. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics study revealed that AAV8.Ucn2 gene transfer, through increased plasma Ucn2, provided counter-HFD effects in restoring hepatic metabolites to normal levels, which could be the underlying mechanisms for Ucn2 effects on increasing glucose disposal and reducing insulin assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Chul Kim
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Agnieszka D. Truax
- Metabolon, Inc, Research Triangle Park, Morrisville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dimosthenis Giamouridis
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - N. Chin Lai
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Tracy Guo
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - H. Kirk Hammond
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Mei Hua Gao
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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6
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Truax AD, Chen L, Tam JW, Cheng N, Guo H, Koblansky AA, Chou WC, Wilson JE, Brickey WJ, Petrucelli A, Liu R, Cooper DE, Koenigsknecht MJ, Young VB, Netea MG, Stienstra R, Sartor RB, Montgomery SA, Coleman RA, Ting JPY. The Inhibitory Innate Immune Sensor NLRP12 Maintains a Threshold against Obesity by Regulating Gut Microbiota Homeostasis. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 24:364-378.e6. [PMID: 30212649 PMCID: PMC6161752 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In addition to high-fat diet (HFD) and inactivity, inflammation and microbiota composition contribute to obesity. Inhibitory immune receptors, such as NLRP12, dampen inflammation and are important for resolving inflammation, but their role in obesity is unknown. We show that obesity in humans correlates with reduced expression of adipose tissue NLRP12. Similarly, Nlrp12-/- mice show increased weight gain, adipose deposition, blood glucose, NF-κB/MAPK activation, and M1-macrophage polarization. Additionally, NLRP12 is required to mitigate HFD-induced inflammasome activation. Co-housing with wild-type animals, antibiotic treatment, or germ-free condition was sufficient to restrain inflammation, obesity, and insulin tolerance in Nlrp12-/- mice, implicating the microbiota. HFD-fed Nlrp12-/- mice display dysbiosis marked by increased obesity-associated Erysipelotrichaceae, but reduced Lachnospiraceae family and the associated enzymes required for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) synthesis. Lachnospiraceae or SCFA administration attenuates obesity, inflammation, and dysbiosis. These findings reveal that Nlrp12 reduces HFD-induced obesity by maintaining beneficial microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka D Truax
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason W Tam
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ning Cheng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hao Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Alicia Koblansky
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Justin E Wilson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W June Brickey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alex Petrucelli
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniel E Cooper
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark J Koenigsknecht
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vincent B Young
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rinke Stienstra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - R Balfour Sartor
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rosalind A Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Ying Q, Ma T, Cheng L, Zhang X, Truax AD, Ma R, Liu Z, Lei Y, Zhang L, Ye W, Zhang F, Xu Z, Shang L, Liu R, Wang F, Wu X. Construction and immunological characterization of CD40L or GM-CSF incorporated Hantaan virus like particle. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63488-63503. [PMID: 27542281 PMCID: PMC5325379 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection of Hantaan virus (HTNV) usually causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). China has the worst epidemic incidence of HFRS as well as high fatality. Inactivated whole virus has been used for HFRS vaccination, however there are still problems such as safety concerns. CD40 ligand (CD40L) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are well-known immune stimulating molecules that can enhance antigen presenting, lymphocytes activation and maturation, incorporation of CD40L and GM-CSF to the surface of virus like particles (VLPs) can greatly improve the vaccination effect. We constructed eukaryotic vectors expressing HTNV M segment and S segment, as well as vectors expressing HTNV M segment with CD40L or GM-CSF, our results showed successful production of CD40L or GM-CSF incorporated HTNV VLPs. In vitro stimulation with CD40L or GM-CSF anchored HTNV VLP showed enhanced activation of macrophages and DCs. CD40L/GM-CSF incorporated VLP can induce higher level of HTNV specific antibody and neutralizing antibody in mice. Immunized mice splenocytes showed higher ability of secreting IFN-γ and IL-2, as well as enhancing CTL activity. These results suggest CD40L/GM-CSF incorporated VLP can serve as prospective vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikang Ying
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Tiejun Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Linfeng Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Agnieszka D Truax
- The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA
| | - Ruixue Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yingfeng Lei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fanglin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhikai Xu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lei Shang
- Department of Statistics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xingan Wu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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8
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Koblansky AA, Truax AD, Liu R, Montgomery SA, Ding S, Wilson JE, Brickey WJ, Hu P, Li Z, Lund PK, Ting JP. The innate immune receptor, NLRX1, functions as a tumor suppressor by reducing colon tumorigenesis and key tumor-promoting signals. The Journal of Immunology 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.197.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
NLR (NOD-like receptor) proteins are intracellular innate immune sensors/receptors that regulate immunity. This work shows that NLRX1 serves as a tumor suppressor in colitis-associated cancer (CAC) and sporadic colon cancer by keeping key tumor promoting pathways in check. Nlrx1−/− mice were highly susceptible to CAC, showing increases in key cancer-promoting pathways including NF-kB, MAPK, STAT3 and IL-6. The tumor-suppressive function of NLRX1 originated primarily from the non-hematopoietic compartment. This prompted an analysis of NLRX1 function in the Apcmin/+genetic model of sporadic gastrointestinal cancer. NLRX1 attenuated Apcmin/+colon tumorigenesis, cellular proliferation, NF-kB, MAPK, STAT3 activation and IL-6 levels. Application of anti-IL6R antibody therapy reduced tumor burden, increased survival and reduced STAT3 activation in Nlrx1−/−Apcmin/+mice. As an important clinical correlate, human colon cancer samples expressed lower levels of NLRX1 than healthy controls in multiple patient cohorts. These data implicate anti-IL6R as a personalized therapeutics for colon cancers with reduced NLRX1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rongrong Liu
- 2Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | | | - Shengli Ding
- 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Peizhen Hu
- 2Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zengshan Li
- 2Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Liu RR, Li J, Gong JY, Kuang F, Liu JY, Zhang YS, Ma QL, Song CJ, Truax AD, Gao F, Yang K, Jin BQ, Chen LH. MicroRNA-141 regulates the expression level of ICAM-1 on endothelium to decrease myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1303-13. [PMID: 26371161 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00290.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of studies have suggested microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the modulation of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury; however, the role of endogenous miRNAs targeting endothelial cells (ECs) and its interaction with ICAM-1 in the setting of MI/R remain poorly understood. Our microarray results showed that miR-146a, miR-146b-5p, miR-155*, miR-155, miR-497, and miR-451 were significantly upregulated, whereas, miR-141 and miR-564 were significantly downregulated in the ECs challenged with TNF-α for 6 h. Real-time PCR analyses additionally validated that the expression levels of miR-146a, miR-155*, and miR-141 were consistent with the microarray results. Then, ICAM-1 was identified as a novel target of miR-141 by Target Scan software and the reporter gene system. Further functional experiments showed that elevated levels of miR-141 inhibited ICAM-1 expression and diminished leukocytes adhesion to ECs in vitro. In an in vivo murine model of MI/R injury, pretreatment with miR-141 mimics through the tail vein downregulated the expression level of ICAM-1 in heart and attenuated MI/R injury as evidenced by decreased infarct size and decline of serum cardial troponin I (cTnI) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration. The cardioprotective effects of miR-141 mimics may be attributed to the decreased infiltration of CD11b(+) cells and F4/80(+) macrophages into ischemic myocardium tissue. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that miR-141, as a novel repressor of ICAM-1, is involved in the attenuation of MI/R injury via antithetical regulation of ICAM-1 and inflammatory cells infiltration. Thus miR-141 may constitute a new therapeutic target in the setting of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Rong Liu
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiu Yu Gong
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Kuang
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Yu Si Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li Ma
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Jun Song
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Agnieszka D Truax
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Quan Jin
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hua Chen
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China;
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Wilson JE, Petrucelli AS, Chen L, Koblansky AA, Truax AD, Oyama Y, Rogers AB, Brickey WJ, Wang Y, Schneider M, Mühlbauer M, Chou WC, Barker BR, Jobin C, Allbritton NL, Ramsden DA, Davis BK, Ting JPY. Inflammasome-independent role of AIM2 in suppressing colon tumorigenesis via DNA-PK and Akt. Nat Med 2015; 21:906-13. [PMID: 26107252 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The inflammasome activates caspase-1 and the release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, and several inflammasomes protect against intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) in animal models. The absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome is activated by double-stranded DNA, and AIM2 expression is reduced in several types of cancer, but the mechanism by which AIM2 restricts tumor growth remains unclear. We found that Aim2-deficient mice had greater tumor load than Asc-deficient mice in the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) model of colorectal cancer. Tumor burden was also higher in Aim2(-/-)/Apc(Min/+) than in APC(Min/+) mice. The effects of AIM2 on CAC were independent of inflammasome activation and IL-1β and were primarily mediated by a non-bone marrow source of AIM2. In resting cells, AIM2 physically interacted with and limited activation of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), a PI3K-related family member that promotes Akt phosphorylation, whereas loss of AIM2 promoted DNA-PK-mediated Akt activation. AIM2 reduced Akt activation and tumor burden in colorectal cancer models, while an Akt inhibitor reduced tumor load in Aim2(-/-) mice. These findings suggest that Akt inhibitors could be used to treat AIM2-deficient human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin E Wilson
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alex S Petrucelli
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - A Alicia Koblansky
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Agnieszka D Truax
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yoshitaka Oyama
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Arlin B Rogers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - W June Brickey
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Monika Schneider
- The American Association of Immunologists, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marcus Mühlbauer
- 1] Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA. [2] Department of Infectious Diseases &Pathology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brianne R Barker
- Department of Biology, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey, USA
| | - Christian Jobin
- 1] Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA. [2] Department of Infectious Diseases &Pathology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Nancy L Allbritton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dale A Ramsden
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Beckley K Davis
- Department of Biology, Franklin &Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jenny P Y Ting
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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12
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Maganti N, Moody TD, Truax AD, Thakkar M, Spring AM, Germann MW, Greer SF. Nonproteolytic roles of 19S ATPases in transcription of CIITApIV genes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91200. [PMID: 24625964 PMCID: PMC3953376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows the 26S proteasome is involved in the regulation of gene expression. We and others have demonstrated that proteasome components bind to sites of gene transcription, regulate covalent modifications to histones, and are involved in the assembly of activator complexes in mammalian cells. The mechanisms by which the proteasome influences transcription remain unclear, although prior observations suggest both proteolytic and non-proteolytic activities. Here, we define novel, non-proteolytic, roles for each of the three 19S heterodimers, represented by the 19S ATPases Sug1, S7, and S6a, in mammalian gene expression using the inflammatory gene CIITApIV. These 19S ATPases are recruited to induced CIITApIV promoters and also associate with CIITA coding regions. Additionally, these ATPases interact with elongation factor PTEFb complex members CDK9 and Hexim-1 and with Ser5 phosphorylated RNA Pol II. Both the generation of transcripts from CIITApIV and efficient recruitment of RNA Pol II to CIITApIV are negatively impacted by siRNA mediated knockdown of these 19S ATPases. Together, these results define novel roles for 19S ATPases in mammalian gene expression and indicate roles for these ATPases in promoting transcription processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagini Maganti
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Tomika D. Moody
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Agnieszka D. Truax
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Meghna Thakkar
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Alexander M. Spring
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Markus W. Germann
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Susanna F. Greer
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Robbins GR, Truax AD, Davis BK, Zhang L, Brickey WJ, Ting JPY. Regulation of class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) by nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing (NLR) proteins. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:24294-303. [PMID: 22645137 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.364604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins regulate responses to microbial and damage-associated products. Class II transactivator (CIITA) has a distinct function as the master regulator of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) transcription. Recently, human NLRC5 was found to regulate MHC-I in cell lines; however, a host of conflicting positive and negative functions has been attributed to this protein. To address the function of NLRC5 in a physiologic setting, we generated an Nlrc5(-/-) strain that contains a deletion in the exon that encodes the nucleotide-binding domain. We have not detected a role for this protein in cytokine induction by pathogen-associated molecular patterns and viruses. However, Nlrc5(-/-) cells showed a dramatic decrease of classical (H-2K) and nonclassical (Tla) MHC-I expression by T/B lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and myeloid-monocytic lineages. As a comparison, CIITA did not affect mouse MHC-I expression. Nlrc5(-/-) splenocytes and bone marrow-derived macrophages were able to up-regulate MHC-I in response to IFN-γ; however, the absolute levels of MHC-I expression were significantly lower than WT controls. Chromatin immunoprecipitation of IFN-γ-treated cells indicates that Nlrc5 reduced the silencing H3K27me3 histone modification, but did not affect the activating AcH3 modification on a MHC-I promoter. In summary, we conclude that Nlrc5 is important in the regulation of MHC-I expression by reducing H3K27me3 on MHC-I promoter and joins CIITA as an NLR subfamily that controls MHC gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R Robbins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Institute of Inflammatory Diseases and Center of Translational Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7295, USA
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Truax AD, Thakkar M, Greer SF. Dysregulated recruitment of the histone methyltransferase EZH2 to the class II transactivator (CIITA) promoter IV in breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36013. [PMID: 22563434 PMCID: PMC3338556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One mechanism frequently utilized by tumor cells to escape immune system recognition and elimination is suppression of cell surface expression of Major Histocompatibility Class II (MHC II) molecules. Expression of MHC II is regulated primarily at the level of transcription by the Class II Transactivator, CIITA, and decreased CIITA expression is observed in multiple tumor types. We investigate here contributions of epigenetic modifications to transcriptional silencing of CIITA in variants of the human breast cancer cell line MDA MB 435. Significant increases in histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation upon IFN-γ stimulation correlate with reductions in transcription factor recruitment to the interferon-γ inducible CIITA promoter, CIITApIV, and with significantly increased CIITApIV occupancy by the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Most compelling is evidence that decreased expression of EZH2 in MDA MB 435 variants results in significant increases in CIITA and HLA-DRA mRNA expression, even in the absence of interferon-γ stimulation, as well as increased cell surface expression of MHC II. Together, these data add mechanistic insight to prior observations of increased EZH2 expression and decreased CIITA expression in multiple tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka D. Truax
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Meghna Thakkar
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Susanna F. Greer
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Koues OI, Mehta NT, Truax AD, Dudley RK, Brooks JK, Greer SF. Roles for common MLL/COMPASS subunits and the 19S proteasome in regulating CIITA pIV and MHC class II gene expression and promoter methylation. Epigenetics Chromatin 2010; 3:5. [PMID: 20181089 PMCID: PMC2829561 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8935-3-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies indicate that the 19S proteasome contributes to chromatin reorganization, independent of the role the proteasome plays in protein degradation. We have previously shown that components of the 19S proteasome are crucial for regulating inducible histone activation events in mammalian cells. The 19S ATPase Sug1 binds to histone-remodeling enzymes, and in the absence of Sug1, a subset of activating epigenetic modifications including histone H3 acetylation, H3 lysine 4 trimethylation and H3 arginine 17 dimethylation are inhibited at cytokine-inducible major histocompatibilty complex (MHC)-II and class II transactivator (CIITA) promoters, implicating Sug1 in events required to initiate mammalian transcription. RESULTS Our previous studies indicate that H3 lysine 4 trimethylation at cytokine-inducible MHC-II and CIITA promoters is dependent on proteolytic-independent functions of 19S ATPases. In this report, we show that multiple common subunits of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL)/complex of proteins associated with Set I (COMPASS) complexes bind to the inducible MHC-II and CIITA promoters; that overexpressing a single common MLL/COMPASS subunit significantly enhances promoter activity and MHC-II HLA-DRA expression; and that these common subunits are important for H3 lysine 4 trimethylation at MHC-II and CIITA promoters. In addition, we show that H3 lysine 27 trimethylation, which is inversely correlated with H3 lysine 4 trimethylation, is significantly elevated in the presence of diminished 19S ATPase Sug1. CONCLUSION Taken together, these experiments suggest that the 19S proteasome plays a crucial role in the initial reorganization of events enabling the relaxation of the repressive chromatin structure surrounding inducible promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia I Koues
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Physiology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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