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de Freitas Rocha J, de Castro Viana L, Filho LCPA, de Almeida TS, Neto JJL, Neto VV, Tabosa PMS, Nunes-Pinheiro DCS, Girão-Carmona VCC, Carvalho AFU, Mota EF. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorative effects on gastric ulcers of Licania rigida benth seed extract. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2631-2640. [PMID: 37420144 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Licania rigida Benth., a Brazilian endemic plant, has been traditionally used for treating inflammation and stomach pain. This work investigates the anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities of the ethanolic extract from L. rigida seeds (EELr) by in vitro and in vivo methods. The phytochemical profile was determined and the in vitro antioxidant activity was investigated by radical scavenging and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances methods. The ovalbumin denaturation method was used with sodium diclofenac as standard for the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity assessment. Acetylsalicylic acid was used to induce gastric ulcers in male mice and then to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic gastroprotective effect of EELr, using omeprazole as the reference drug. The extract exhibited relevant amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, in particular, demonstrating in vitro antioxidant capacity. EELr was able to inhibit almost 60% of ovalbumin denaturation at a concentration considered low. It also prevented the decrease of biochemical markers for oxidative stress such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the stomach and SOD and catalase (CAT) in the liver. EELr also significantly decreased the number of lesions as well as reduced the ulcerated area when used as therapy. The observed effect may be due to its phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and tannins, as previously reported. EELr is a potential source of compounds with anti-inflammatory activity, protects the liver from oxidative damage and improves healing of aspirin-induced ulcers. This work contributes to the knowledge of L. rigida species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thiago Silva de Almeida
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Process Integration, Northeast Strategic Technologies Center-CETENE, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-545, Brazil
| | - José Joaquim Lopes Neto
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
- Pharmacy Course, Estacio São Luís University Center, São Luís, Maranhão, 65020-250, Brazil
| | - Veríssimo Vieira Neto
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Matheus Sousa Tabosa
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Erika Freitas Mota
- Biology Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil.
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Liu X, Ming TW, Gaun TKW, Xiong H, Er-Bu AGA, Xie H, Gonggalanzi, Xu Y, Ye B. Research on 90-day subchronic toxicities of the ethanol extract from the cultivated Fritillaria Cirrhosa bulbs by oral administration in Sprague-Dawley rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 139:105342. [PMID: 36731760 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Fritillaria Cirrhosa bulbus (BFC) is a Chinese herbal medicine. In the present study, subchronic toxicities of the ethanol extract from cultivated Fritillaria Cirrhosa bulbus (ECBFC) were performed by oral daily administration in Sprague-Dawley rats. The subchronic toxicity test of ECBFC was conducted at doses of 0.34, 0.68, and 2.04 g/kg/day for 90 days (equivalent to the highest human clinical recommend dosage of 25, 50, and 150-fold) with a 4-week satellite group. No mortality or significant changes in behaviors, body weight and food consumption were observed during the experimental and recovery periods. According to the data from ematological analysis, biochemistry, organ coefficient and the results of histopathology, the ECBFC have toxicity to the spleen and liver at the highest (2.04 g/kg), medium (0.68 g/kg) dose and nephrotoxicity at the highest dose. Subchronic oral toxicity of ECBFC in SD rats (90 days) with NOAEL was 0.34 g/kg and LOAEL was 0.68 g/kg. In addition, the toxicity is gender neutral and reversible. The NOAEL value (0.34 g/kg) is 25-fold of the highest human clinical recommend dosage thus the ECBFC could be long-term used as Chinese patent medicine or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tse Wai Ming
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Hai Xiong
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002, China
| | - A G A Er-Bu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002, China
| | - Hongjun Xie
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002, China
| | - Gonggalanzi
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bengui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002, China.
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Liu P, Zhong L, Xiao J, Hu Y, Liu T, Ren Z, Wang Y, Zheng K. Ethanol extract from Artemisia argyi leaves inhibits HSV-1 infection by destroying the viral envelope. Virol J 2023; 20:8. [PMID: 36647143 PMCID: PMC9841929 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-01969-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a widely disseminated virus that establishes latency in the brain and causes occasional but fatal herpes simplex encephalitis. Currently, acyclovir (ACV) is the main clinical drug used in the treatment of HSV-1 infection, and the failure of therapy in immunocompromised patients caused by ACV-resistant HSV-1 strains necessitates the requirement to develop novel anti-HSV-1 drugs. Artemisia argyi, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been historically used to treat inflammation, bacterial infection, and cancer. In this study, we demonstrated the antiviral effect and mechanism of ethanol extract of A. argyi leaves (hereafter referred to as 'AEE'). We showed that AEE at 10 μg/ml exhibits potent antiviral effects on both normal and ACV-resistant HSV-1 strains. AEE also inhibited the infection of HSV-2, rotavirus, and influenza virus. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that AEE destroys the membrane integrity of HSV-1 viral particles, resulting in impaired viral attachment and penetration. Furthermore, mass spectrometry assay identified 12 major components of AEE, among which two new flavones, deoxysappanone B 7,3'-dimethyl ether, and 3,7-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone, exhibited the highest binding affinity to HSV-1 glycoprotein gB at the surface site critical for gB-gH-gL interaction and gB-mediated membrane fusion, suggesting their involvement in inactivating virions. Therefore, A. argyi is an important source of antiviral drugs, and the AEE may be a potential novel antiviral agent against HSV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China ,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug & Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, National Engineering Research Centre for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Lishan Zhong
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China ,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug & Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, National Engineering Research Centre for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Ji Xiao
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China ,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug & Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, National Engineering Research Centre for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Yuze Hu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China ,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug & Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, National Engineering Research Centre for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Tao Liu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China ,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug & Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, National Engineering Research Centre for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Zhe Ren
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China ,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug & Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, National Engineering Research Centre for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Yifei Wang
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China ,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug & Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, National Engineering Research Centre for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Jian Y, Li S, Li D, Ning C, Zhang S, Jian F, Si H. Evaluation of the in vitro acaricidal activity of ethanol extracts of seven Chinese medicinal herbs on Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Acari: Macronyssidae). Exp Appl Acarol 2022; 87:67-79. [PMID: 35737253 PMCID: PMC9287229 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Acari: Macronyssidae) is a common ectoparasite that feeds on the blood of poultry. Following infestation, this mite will cause symptoms such as weight loss, anemia, and decreased egg production. To explore green and safe drugs for the prevention and treatment of O. sylviarum, this study evaluated the effects of ethanol extracts of seven Chinese medicinal herbs-Leonurus artemisia (motherwort), Illicium verum (star anise), Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon), Hibiscus syriacus, Artemisia argyi (Chinese mugwort), Taraxacum sp. (dandelion), and Syzygium aromaticum (clove)-on O. sylviarum at different life stages. The results showed that different methods of administration affected the acaricidal efficacy of these plant extracts on O. sylviarum. After 6 h of administration with the fumigation method, the acaricidal efficacy of S. aromaticum on adults, nymphs and larvae of O. sylviarum reached 100%. 30 min after administration with the infiltration method, S. aromaticum, H. syriacus and L. artemisia showed acaricidal effects on adults and nymphs of O. sylviarum reaching 100%. In another experiment evaluating the inhibition of egg hatching of O. sylviarum with alcohol extracts of these seven herbs, at 48 h after treatment, A. argyi and C. cassia showed inhibition rates of 19.4%. The results of this study indicate that S. aromaticum induced mortality at all stages of O. sylviarum, whereas A. argyi was found to be the most effective at inhibiting the mite's egg hatching among the seven herbs. These herbs can therefore be used as potential substitutes for chemical pesticides to prevent and control O. sylviarum. These results provide practical knowledge for the control of O. sylviarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Jian
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, GuangXi University, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Shijie Li
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Changshen Ning
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Sumei Zhang
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Fuchun Jian
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Hongbin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, GuangXi University, Nanning, 530000, China.
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Aggul AG, Demir GM, Gulaboglu M. Ethanol Extract of Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) Berries as a Remedy for Streptozotocin-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021. [PMID: 34845586 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03753-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Streptozotocin (STZ) is an antitumor antibiotic indicating in the treatment of metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas. It is also used as a tool to create experimental diabetes models. The STZ exposure at a high dose causes severe damage to cells of humans and other mammals. The goal of the present study was to assess the protective effects of the ethanol extract of the Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) berries, which is a well-known medicinal plant due to its rich phenolic content and beneficial effects on health, against STZ-induced oxidative stress in the diabetic rats.Diabetes was induced by STZ (40 mg/kg, i.p.) in the rats. After diabetes induction, a significant increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA), and blood glucose levels as well as a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and glutathione (GSH) levels was observed. The rats were treated to three different ethanol extracts of Myrtle berries (0.25, 0.5, and 1 g/kg) by oral gavage for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, ALT, AST, MDA, and blood glucose levels of the rats significantly decreased while significant increases in GSH levels and SOD activities were observed.We believe that our findings may contribute to the development of new drugs in the treatment of many global disorders due to the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Myrtus communis L. berries.
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Akhtar MS, Mir SR, Said SA, Hossain MA, Ali M. Extraction, isolation and structural characterization of two triterpenoid glycosides from the fruits of Ficusbengalensis. Carbohydr Res 2021; 510:108444. [PMID: 34607126 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ficus bengalensis (F. bengalensis) is a popular medicinal plant species used extensively in the Ayurveda treatment as hypoglycemic, diuretic, tonic, rheumatism, astringent, and inflammation. The goal of this study is to separate and characterize - compounds from fruits of the selected F. bengalensis. The dried fruits coarse power was defatted with non-polar solvent petroleum ether and then systematically extracted with ethanol by using maceration method for 3 days. The ethanol was evaporated and the prepared extract was separated by several chromatographic methods. After separation, the ethanol extract of F. bengalensis afforded nine compounds including two new triterpenoid glycoside derivatives Compound 1: Bengalensursenyl diglycoside and Compound 2: Ficusbengursenyl diglycoside and other minor known phytochemicals. The chemical structures of these separated phytochemicals were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis and minor chemical transformations. This paper reports isolation and structure elucidation of compounds 1 and 2. In conclusion, the isolated Compound 1 and Compound 2 could be further investigated for any pharmacological activities. This is the first report in our laboratory on isolation of Compound 1 and Compound 2 from the fruits of F. bengalensis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S R Mir
- Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sadri Abdullah Said
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nursing, University of Nizwa, Oman
| | | | - Mohammad Ali
- Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Kumari P, Kumar S, Deo AD, Rajendran KV, Raman RP. Antiparasitic potentiality of ethanol and m ethanol extracts of Azadirachta indica leaf for eggs and copepodid stage of Argulus japonicus: in vitro study. J Parasit Dis 2021; 45:769-777. [PMID: 34475659 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-021-01355-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, eggs and copepodid stages of Argulus japonicus were treated with ethanol and methanol extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf and its antiparasitic efficacy (AE %) was determined. The experiments were performed in triplicate along with the positive (2% DMSO) and negative (without DMSO and extract) control groups. The reduced cumulative hatching percentage of eggs by 13% (in ethanolic) and 17% (in methanolic) extract of neem leaf at 1.5 g L-1 was obtained during 15-day exposure compared to the control group showing 70-85% eggs hatching. The AE of 100% for ethanolic and 91.66% for methanolic extract against the copepodid stage was found at 1.25 and 1.5 g L-1 respectively in 6 h. The histological analysis of the eggs showed the undifferentiated decaying mass of cells with extensively damaged eggs when treated with ethanolic extract of neem leaf. Further, severe degeneration in the branchial region, digestive tract and eye cells was observed in the copepodids treated with ethanol extract than the methanol extract. The terpenoids a potential antiparasitic compound of ethanolic extract produced more AE than the methanolic extract. Thus, the ethanolic extract of neem leaf can be potentially utilized as a natural parasiticide to disrupt the egg and other life phases of A. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Kumari
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai India 400061
| | - Saurav Kumar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai India 400061
| | - Ashutosh D Deo
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai India 400061
| | - K V Rajendran
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai India 400061
| | - R P Raman
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai India 400061
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Wu S, Zuo J, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Wu M, Yang Y, Tong H. Ethanol extract of Sargarsum fusiforme alleviates HFD/STZ-induced hyperglycemia in association with modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites in type 2 diabetic mice. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110550. [PMID: 34399527 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a rapidly growing chronic disease that threatens human health worldwide. Extracts of various seaweeds have been shown to have anti-diabetic activity. Sargarsum fusiforme, an edible brown seaweed, has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity activities. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effect of an ethanol extract of S. fusiforme (EE) on type 2 diabetes in mice induced with high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). Administering EE to the diabetic mice significantly reduced food intake, water intake and fasting blood glucose (FBG), while improving glucose tolerance, lipid profile and ameliorating hepatic oxidative stress. Furthermore, these animals also exhibited significantly diminished epididymal fat deposition, as well as less pathological changes in the heart and liver tissues, while displaying some highly enriched benign gut bacteria (e.g., Intestinimonas, Oscillibacter, Lachnoclostridium, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, Roseburia and Anaerotruncus) and a lower abundance of bacteria associated with diabetes or other metabolic diseases (e.g., Enterorhabdus and Romboutsia). Metabolomic analysis revealed reduced levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), such as l-valine and l-isoleucine, aromatic amino acids (AAA), such as l-tyrosine and l-phenylalanine, and increased levels of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA) in the gut content, suggesting that EE may impact T2DM through modulation of these compounds in the gut of the animals. Taken together, the results implied that S. fusiforme may contain valuable active components other than polysaccharides that have potential benefit in alleviating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siya Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jihui Zuo
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhongshan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou University, Huzhou Cent Hosp, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Mingjiang Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Haibin Tong
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Cardenas V, Mendoza R, Chiong L, Del Aguila E, Alvítez-Temoche D, Mayta-Tovalino F. Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity of the Ethanol Extract vs Hydroalcoholic Extract of the Leaves of Mangifera indica L. (Mango) in Different Concentrations: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020; 21:202-206. [PMID: 32381828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the in vitro antibacterial activity of different types of hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves of the Mangifera indica L. (mango) plant on the strain of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538™. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was experimental in vitro and determined the antibacterial activity of four dilutions: Mangifera indica L. ethanol extract (MEE) and Mangifera indica L. hydroalcoholic extract (MHE) at 50% and 100% on cultures of S. aureus ATCC 6538™ comparing with the positive control (chlorhexidine 0.12%) and negative (alcohol 96°) in Mueller Hinton agar cultures using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method for each study group and incubating the cultures at 37°C for 24 hours. RESULTS It was found that the 50% and 100% MEE had a smaller size of the inhibitory halo of 21.3 ± 0.5 and 24.1 ± 0.8 mm, respectively. In addition, with respect to the 50% and 100% MHE, it was found that they had a higher antibacterial activity of 24.6 ± 0.5 and 33.5 ± 1.2 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION Mango leaf extracts are potent antibacterial, proving 100% MHE to be more effective, thus confirming the presence of active constituents in medicinal plants. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This research has a great clinical applicability due to the opening of research lines that prove the usefulness of these extracts in the therapeutic control of certain oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Cardenas
- Postgraduate Department, Doctoral Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Román Mendoza
- Academic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Lucy Chiong
- Academic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | - Elca Del Aguila
- Academic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Frank Mayta-Tovalino
- Academic Academic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru; Postgraduate Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru, Phone: +51 1 214-2500, e-mail:
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Chuang YC, Cheng MC, Lee CC, Chiou TY, Tsai TY. Effect of ethanol extract from Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10-fermented soymilk on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. AMB Express 2019; 9:163. [PMID: 31605256 PMCID: PMC6789050 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a highly dynamic phenomenon comprising numerous coordinated steps including homeostasis/coagulation, inflammation, migration, proliferation, and remodeling. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multisystem chronic epidemic that prolongs inflammation in wounds and is associated with impaired healing. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an ethanol extract from Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 (TWK10)-fermented soymilk on wound healing. The anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanol extract of TWK10-fermented soymilk on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells were examined. The ethanol extract of TWK10-fermented soymilk (100 µg/mL) significantly decreased nitric oxide production from 11.34 ± 0.74 μM to 8.24 ± 2.02 µM (p < 0.05) and enhanced proliferation in Detroit 551 cells cultured in high-glucose medium; the cell number peaked at 128.44 ± 7.67% (compared to the untreated control) at 600 µg/mL. An ethanol extract of TWK10-fermented soymilk + vaseline-treated rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic wounds was generated herein, and the following groups were formed herein: normal control (NC), blank control (BC), low dose group (LD, 0.24 mg/wound), intermediate dose (MD, 0.48 mg/wound), and high dose (HD, 2.40 mg/wound). On day 14 after wound infliction, the wound area in the LD, MD, and HD groups was significantly decreased to 10.2, 8.4, and 8.5% respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, in the LD, MD, and, HD groups, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were downregulated in the wounded skin. These results show that the topical application of the ethanol extract of TWK10-fermented soymilk is beneficial for enhancing wound healing and for the closure of diabetic wounds.
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Al-Hindi B, Yusoff NA, Ahmad M, Atangwho IJ, Asmawi MZ, Al-Mansoub MA, Tabana YM, Bello I, Yam MF. Safety assessment of the ethanolic extract of Gongronema latifolium Benth. leaves: a 90-day oral toxicity study in Sprague Dawley rats. BMC Complement Altern Med 2019; 19:152. [PMID: 31253153 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2573-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background The leaves of Gongronema latifolium Benth. have long been recognized traditionally as a remedy for a variety of ailments in Africa. This study was conducted to evaluate the safety profile of the ethanolic extract of G. latifolium (GLES) leaves through a repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity study in male and female of Sprague Dawley rats. Methods GLES was orally administered at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day consecutively for 90 days. Results No behavioral or physiological changes and mortality were observed. GLES did not have a marked impact on general hematological parameters and did not precipitate nephrotoxicity. However, compared to the control, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels were lower and white adipose tissue paired retroperitoneal fat depots were depleted in male rats treated with GLES3 by the end of the experiment. The liver was significantly enlarged in GLES-treated rats of both sexes. Negative gender-specific alterations were observed with the highest dose. Adverse risk was evident in the female rats mainly due to marked body weight gain and cerebrum weight reduction. Conclusion Further research is needed to reach more specific conclusions about to the safety of ingesting high doses of GLES for long periods of time.
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Yang Y, Fu C, Zhou F, Luo X, Li J, Zhao J, He J, Li X, Li J. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antitumor activities of sub-fractions of wild and cultivated Pleurotus ferulae ethanol extracts. PeerJ 2019; 6:e6097. [PMID: 30595979 PMCID: PMC6304266 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus ferulae is an edible and medicinal mushroom with various bioactivities. Here, the ethanol extracts of wild and cultivated P. ferulae (PFEE-W and PFEE-C) and their subfractions including petroleum ether (Pe-W/Pe-C), ethyl acetate (Ea-W/Ea-C) and n-butanol (Ba-W/Ba-C) were prepared to evaluate their antioxidant and antitumor activities. Both PFEE-W and PFEE-C show the antioxidant activity and PFEE-W is stronger than PFEE-C. The antioxidant activities of their subfractions are in the following order: Ea > Ba > Pe. Moreover, PFEE-W and PFEE-C significantly inhibit the proliferation of murine melanoma B16 cells, human esophageal cancer Eca-109 cells, human gastric cancer BGC823 cells and human cervical cancer HeLa cells through induction of apoptosis, which partially mediated by reactive oxygen species. The antitumor activities of their subfractions are in the following order: Ea ≥ Pe > Ba. Pe-W shows higher antitumor activity compared with Pe-C, which might be correlated with the difference of their components identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These results suggest that both wild and cultivated P. ferulae have antioxidant and antitumor activities, and cultivated P. ferulae could be used to replace wild one in some functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Changshuang Fu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiang He
- Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.,Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Udonkang MI, Inyang IJ, Ukorebi AN, Effiong F, Akpan U, Bassey IE. Spectrophotometry, Physiochemical Properties, and Histological Staining Potential of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Beetroot on Various Tissues of an Albino Rat. Biomed Hub 2018; 3:1-10. [PMID: 31988960 PMCID: PMC6945908 DOI: 10.1159/000492828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Natural dyes and pigments are nontoxic, ecofriendly alternatives to synthetic counterparts and beetroot is one such natural dye. The red color of beetroot derived from betalain pigments confers great advantage to this plant. In this study, the physiochemical and spectrophotometric characteristics of beetroot as well as the histological staining potential of various tissues were carried out to determine its tissue specificity. Methods The aqueous and ethanol extracts of beetroot were prepared using distilled water and 95% ethanol, respectively. Spectrophotometry, pH, and concentration of both extracts were determined before histological staining with 10% neutral-buffered formalin-fixed, paraffin-wax-embedded tissue sections. Stained sections were viewed with a photomicroscope. Results The aqueous and ethanol extracts of beetroot were slightly acidic and soluble at concentrations of 381.5 mg/100 g and 253.7 mg/100 g fresh beetroot sample, respectively. Both extracts consist of three betalain pigments with absorbances at different spectrophotometric wavelengths, namely betaxanthins (475 nm), betanin (525 nm), and betanidin (575 nm). The maximum absorbance was 0.925 and 0.615 for the aqueous and ethanol extracts, respectively, at a peak wavelength of 525 nm for each extract. Both extracts stained various tissue structures such as muscles, mucins, red blood cells, keratin, and nerve fibers. Conclusion Thus, beetroot stain is slightly acidic, contains betalain pigments, stains basic histological tissue structures, and can be used as an ecofriendly alternative to hematoxylin and eosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mfoniso I Udonkang
- Histopathology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Imeobong J Inyang
- Histopathology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Affiong N Ukorebi
- Histopathology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Faith Effiong
- Histopathology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Uwem Akpan
- Chemical Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Iya E Bassey
- Chemical Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
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Abstract
Inclusion of vegetables in the diet not only provides dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, trace elements but also significantly reduces the risk of several diseases. Raphanus sativus L. Var. caudatus belongs to the family Brassicaceae are pods of Radish, and are commonly known as Mungra or Sungra in Pakistan and India. The English name for this species is Rat-tailed radish. This variety of radish is unique, less familiar to the population, and not commonly used as a food source. Furthermore there have been very few studies that report on the potential antioxidant and anti-cancer capabilities of this radish. The present study was designed to evaluate anxiolytic potential of Raphanus caudatus in mice using different behavioral paradigms. The ethanol extract of the plant was evaluated at three different doses i.e. 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. The extract at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg produced a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of anxiety-like behavior in mice and results are comparable to standard anxiolytic drug diazepam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Siddiq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Younus
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Begum Z, Younus I. Hibiscus rosa sinensis mediate anxiolytic effect via modulation of ionotropic GABA-A receptors: possible mechanism of action. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:823-827. [PMID: 29372452 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed with the aim to investigate anti-anxiety potential of Hibiscus rosa sinensis roots and its possible mechanism of action. For this purpose hole board test, elevated plus maze test and light/dark exploration test were employed. The ethanol extract of plant was administered orally at two different doses i.e. 100 and 500 mg/kg for consecutive 14 days. The results of present investigation indicate that plant extract significantly (p < 0.05) increased the number of head dips and rearings as compared to control on respective days of observation. The extract increased the time of permanence in open arms and the number of head dips in elevated plus maze. In light/dark test, our study indicate that Hibiscus rosa sinensis significantly (p < 0.05) increased the time spent in light compartment and number of entries as compared to control. In addition the anxiolytic effects of HRS at highest tested dose were blocked by flumazenil, a GABA-A receptor antagonist that indicate that Hibiscus rosa sinensis potentiated the GABAergic actions. The results propose that the ethanol extract of Hibiscus rosa sinensis has prospective anxiolytic effect in mice via inhibition of ionotropic GABA receptors, using different behavioral paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubia Begum
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Younus
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Kusmiwiyati A, Baktiyani SC, Nurdiana N. Effects of Theobroma cacao on heat shock protein 90 and asymmetric dimethylarginine of endothelial cells under the influence of plasma of pre-eclamptic patients. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2017; 13:129-134. [PMID: 31435315 PMCID: PMC6695082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the modulatory role of an ethanol extract of Theobroma cacao beans on heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels of endothelial cells under the influence of plasma of pre-eclamptic patients. Methods The endothelial cells were obtained from a human umbilicus. In the confluent phase, the cells were subdivided into groups: the control group (no treatment), the endothelial cell group that was exposed to 2% pre-eclamptic patients' plasma, and the endothelial cell group that was exposed to 2% pre-eclamptic patients' plasma and treated with the ethanol extract of T. cacao at various doses (25, 50, or 100 ppm). Analysis of HSP90 levels was carried out by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Quantification of ADMA was conducted by immunocytochemistry. Results There was a decreased HSP90 level in the group exposed to the pre-eclamptic patients' plasma. This decrease was significantly attenuated by the extract of T. cacao at the doses of 50 and 100 ppm. The pre-eclamptic patients' plasma significantly increased ADMA level as compared with the control group. This increase was significantly attenuated by the administration of the T. cacao extract at the two highest doses. Conclusions The extract of T. cacao beans protected the endothelial cells that were exposed to pre-eclamptic patients' plasma by increasing HSP90 levels and reducing ADMA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Kusmiwiyati
- Department of Midwifery, Midwifery Diploma Program, Health Polytechnic of Health Ministry, Malang, Indonesia
- Corresponding address: Department of Midwifery, Midwifery Diploma Program, Health Polytechnic of Health Ministry, Jl. Besar Ijen, No. 77, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Siti C.W. Baktiyani
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Nurdiana Nurdiana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
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Kassahun Gebremeskel A, Wijerathne TD, Kim JH, Kim MJ, Seo CS, Shin HK, Lee KP. Psoralea corylifolia extract induces vasodilation in rat arteries through both endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms involving inhibition of TRPC3 channel activity and elaboration of prostaglandin. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:2136-2144. [PMID: 28982307 PMCID: PMC6130690 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1383484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Fructus Psoralea, Psoralea corylifolia L. (Leguminosae), has been widely used in traditional medicines for the treatment of dermatitis, leukoderma, asthma and osteoporosis. OBJECTIVES In this study, we sought to study mechanisms underlying the vasoactive properties of Psoralea corylifolia extract (PCE) and its active ingredients. MATERIALS AND METHODS To study mechanisms underlying the vasoactive properties of PCE prepared by extracting dried seeds of Psoralea corylifolia with 70% ethanol, isometric tension recordings of rat aortic rings and the ionic currents through TRPC3 (transient receptor potential canonical 3) channels were measured with the cumulative concentration (10-600 μg/mL) of PCE or its constituents. RESULTS Cumulative treatment with PCE caused the relaxation of pre-contracted aortic rings in the presence and absence of endothelium with EC50 values of 61.27 ± 3.11 and 211.13 ± 18.74 μg/mL, respectively. Pretreatment with inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, guanylate cyclase, or cyclooxygenase and pyrazole 3, a selective TRPC3 channel blocker, significantly decreased PCE-induced vasorelaxation (p < 0.01). The PCE constituents, bakuchiol, isobavachalcone, isopsoralen and psoralen, inhibited hTRPC3 currents (inhibited by 40.6 ± 2.7, 27.1 ± 7.9, 35.1 ± 4.8 and 47.4 ± 3.9%, respectively). Furthermore, these constituents significantly relaxed pre-contracted aortic rings (EC50 128.9, 4.5, 32.1 and 114.9 μg/mL, respectively). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data indicate that the vasodilatory actions of PCE are dependent on endothelial NO/cGMP and also involved in prostaglandin production. PCE and its active constituents, bakuchiol, isobavachalcone, isopsoralen and psoralen, caused dose-dependent inhibition of TRPC3 channels, indicating that those ingredients attenuate Phe-induced vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addis Kassahun Gebremeskel
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tharaka Darshana Wijerathne
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- Basic Herbal Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
- Basic Herbal Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Hyeun-Kyoo Shin Basic Herbal Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, South Korea
| | - Kyu Pil Lee
- Laboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- CONTACT Kyu Pil LeeLaboratory of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Yoon NA, Park J, Lee J, Jeong JY, Kim HK, Lee HS, Hwang IG, Roh GS, Kim HJ, Cho GJ, Choi WS, Lee DH, Kang SS. Anti-diabetic Effects of Ethanol Extract from Bitter Melon in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet. Dev Reprod 2017; 21:259-267. [PMID: 29082341 PMCID: PMC5651692 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2017.21.3.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Present study aimed to determine the effect of ‘bitter melon’, a popularly used
fruit in Bangladesh and several other Asian countries, on high-fat-diet-induced
type 2 diabetes. To investigate the effect, ethanol extract from bitter melon
(BME) as a dietary supplement with mouse chow was used. BME was found to
significantly attenuate the high-fat diet (HFD) -induced body weight and total
fat mass. BME also effectively reduced the insulin resistance induced by the
HFD. Furthermore, dietary supplementation of BME was highly effective in
increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing hepatic fat and obesity. These
results indicate that BME could be effective in attenuating type 2 diabetes and
could therefore be a preventive measure against type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nal Ae Yoon
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Juyeong Park
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Jeong
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyu Kim
- Nutraceutical Food R&D Center, KolmarBNH Co., Ltd., Sejong 30003, Korea
| | - Hak Sung Lee
- Nutraceutical Food R&D Center, KolmarBNH Co., Ltd., Sejong 30003, Korea
| | - In Guk Hwang
- Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Kim
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Gyeong Jae Cho
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Wan Sung Choi
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Sang Soo Kang
- Dept. of Anatomy & Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Lee SY, Lee JJ, Nam S, Kang WS, Yoon IS, Cho HJ. Fabrication of polymer matrix-free nanocomposites based on Angelica gigas Nakai extract and their application to breast cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 159:781-790. [PMID: 28886514 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanocomposites (NCs) based on the ethanol extract of Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN EtOH ext) were developed for breast cancer therapy. Polymer matrix-free nano-sized particles based on the extract of natural product were fabricated using a modified emulsification-solvent evaporation method. Without the use of polymer matrix, toxicity can be minimized and the clinical application may be assured. AGN NCs with approximately 200nm mean diameter, narrow size distribution, and negative zeta potential were prepared in this study. Sustained release of decursin (D) and decursinol angelate (DA) (as major components of AGN) from AGN NCs was observed at pH 7.4. Cellular accumulation efficiency and intracellular distribution of AGN NCs were evaluated in MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cells. According to the results of antiproliferation assay in MCF-7 cells, IC50 value of AGN NCs group (27.4±4.0μg/mL) was lower than that of AGN EtOH ext group (75.3±13.7μg/mL) (p<0.05). Also, the percentage of apoptotic events of AGN NCs group was significantly higher than that of AGN EtOH ext group (p<0.05). All these findings suggest that developed AGN NCs can be used as one of promising nanosystems for the therapy of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yi Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeong Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Wie-Soo Kang
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Erhabor JO, Idu M. Aphrodisiac potentials of the ethanol extract of Aloe barbadensis Mill. root in male Wistar rats. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:360. [PMID: 28693591 PMCID: PMC5504857 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1866-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aloe barbadensis (AB) is a short stemmed succulent medicinal herb that is being used by locals in Nigeria to enhance libido. Therefore this study evaluates the aphrodisiac potential and acute toxicological effect of A. barbadensis (AB) root in male Wistar rats. METHODS Aphrodisiac potential was determined following the oral administration of graded doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of ethanol extract of A. barbadensis root. Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) and distilled water served as positive and negative controls respectively. Sexual behavioural parameters (mounting and intromission frequencies, mounting, intromission and ejaculatory latencies) were observed. Serum testosterone and cholesterol concentrations were also progressively monitored on days 1, 7 and 14. The acute toxicological evaluation of the plant were based on any onset behavioural changes and mortality respectively. RESULTS The findings from the sexual behavioural study indicated that the ethanol extract of A. barbadensis significantly increased mounting frequency and intromission frequency but significantly decreased mount and intromission latencies in a dose dependent manner particularly on day 1 and 14. The ethanol extract also prolonged ejaculatory latency. The testosterone and cholesterol concentrations were also increased as the dose increased particularly on day 1 and 7. The lowest dose of 100 mg/kg showed the best aphrodisiac effect. The toxicity studies showed that there were no acute behavioural changes with zero mortality. CONCLUSION The increased blood testosterone and cholesterol concentrations by the ethanol extract of A. barbadensis can probably be said to be the possible mechanisms of action for its aphrodisiac property. The plant may also be used to treat hypotestosteronemia following its ability to increase testosterone. These findings therefore give backing to the acclaimed local use of A. barbadensis root as an aphrodisiac in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph O. Erhabor
- Permanent Address: Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin, Nigeria
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - MacDonald Idu
- Permanent Address: Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin, Nigeria
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Jiang Y, Dai M, Nie WJ, Yang XR, Zeng XC. Effects of the ethanol extract of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) fruit on experimental atherosclerosis in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 200:228-235. [PMID: 28242382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atherosclerosis (AS) is the major pathogenic component of coronary artery and cardiovascular disease. Studies have increasingly focused on natural medicines that have lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and endothelial-protection activities. Black mulberry fruits are traditionally used in Uyghur folk medicine for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in southern Xinjiang region of China. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Thus, our objective was to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of ethanol extract of black mulberry (EEBM) in experimental atherosclerotic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The black mulberry fruit was extracted with acid ethanol and chromatographed on an AB-8 macroporous resin to obtain EEBM. Atherosclerotic rats were divided into five groups: normal, model, model plus simvastatin (5mg/kgd·body weight), and model plus low-dose and high-dose EEBM groups (105 and 210mg/kgd·body weight, respectively). Serum lipid profiles were measured by an automatic biochemistry analyser. The activities of anti-oxidative enzymes were determined using the chemical colorimetric method. Pathological changes in liver and arteries were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and the intima-media thickness was measured. RESULTS The high-dose EEBM group showed significantly reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, as well as atherogenic index. Furthermore, treatment with high-dose EEBM markedly decreased malondialdehyde content and enhanced anti-oxidative enzyme activities. Histopathological examination showed that EEBM attenuated hepatic steatosis and reduced intima-media thickness and arterial atherosclerotic lesions in atherosclerotic rats. These results suggest that EEBM suppressed atherosclerosis development in atherosclerotic rats by regulating lipid metabolism abnormalities, enhancing anti-oxidative activities, and reducing atherosclerotic lesions, which could be attributed to anthocyanins (23.75%), or the cooperative action of anthocyanins, polyphenols (2.95%), and flavonoids (0.94%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Wen-Jing Nie
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xian-Chun Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
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22
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Leesombun A, Boonmasawai S, Nishikawa Y. Effects of Thai piperaceae plant extracts on Neospora caninum infection. Parasitol Int 2017; 66:219-226. [PMID: 28137670 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neosporosis has a worldwide distribution and causes economic losses in farming, particularly by increasing the risk of abortion in cattle. This study investigated the effects of Thai piperaceae (Piper betle, P. nigrum, and P. sarmentosum) extracts on Neospora caninum infections in vitro and in vivo. In an in vitro parasite growth assay based on the green fluorescent protein (GFP) signal, P. betle was the most effective extract at inhibiting parasite growth in human foreskin fibroblast cells (IC50 of GFP-expressing N. caninum parasites, 22.1μg/ml). The P. betle extract, at 25μg per ml, inhibited parasite invasion into host cells. Furthermore, in two independent experiments, treating N. caninum-infected mice with the P. betle extract for 7days post-infection increased their survival. In trial one, the anti-N. caninum effects of the P. betle extract reduced the mouse clinical scores for 30days post-infection (dpi). The survival rate of the mice treated with 400mg/kg was 100% compared with 66.6% for those treated with 100mg/kg and the non-treated controls. In trial two, treating the infected mice with the P. betle extract increased their survival at 50dpi. All mice in the non-treatment group died; however, the survival rates of the 400mg/kg-treated and 100mg/kg-treated mice were 83.3% and 33.3%, respectively. Also, a trend towards a reduced parasite burden was noted in the brains of the P. betle extract-treated mice, compared with the control mice. Therefore P. betle extract has potential as a medicinal plant for treating neosporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpron Leesombun
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
| | - Sookruetai Boonmasawai
- Department of Preclinical and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon Sai 4 Road Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
| | - Yoshifumi Nishikawa
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
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23
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Liu N, Yang HL, Wang P, Lu YC, Yang YJ, Wang L, Lee SC. Functional proteomic analysis revels that the ethanol extract of Annona muricata L. induces liver cancer cell apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 189:210-217. [PMID: 27224241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Annona muricata L. is used to treat cancer in some countries. Extracts of Annona muricata have been shown to cause apoptosis of various cancer cells in vitro, and inhibit tumor growth in vivo in animal models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-cancer and apoptotic effects of the herb remain to be explored. AIM OF STUDY The study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying liver cancer cell apoptosis triggered by the ethanol extract of leaves of Annona muricata L. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liver cancer HepG2 cells were used as experimental model. MTT assay was employed to evaluate cell viability. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assays were performed to confirm apoptosis. We employed functional proteomic analysis to delineate molecular pathways underlying apoptosis triggered by the herbal extract. RESULTS We showed that the extract was able to reduce viability and trigger apoptosis of the cancer cells. Proteomic analysis identified 14 proteins associated with the extract-elicited apoptosis, which included the increased expression levels of HSP70, GRP94 and DPI-related protein 5. Western blot analysis confirmed that the extract did up-regulated the protein levels of HSP70 and GRP94. Results from bioinformatic annotation pulled out two molecular pathways for the extract, which, notably, included endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress which was evidenced by the up-regulation of HSP70, GRP94 and PDI-related protein 5. Further examinations of typical protein signaling events in ER stress using western blot analysis have shown that the extract up-regulated the phorsphorelation of PERK and eIF2α as well as the expression level of Bip and CHOP. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the ethanol extract of leaves of Annona muricata L. causes apoptosis of liver cancer cells through ER stress pathway, which supports the ethnomedicinal use of this herb as an alternative or complementary therapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Hua Li Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Pu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yu Cheng Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Ying Juan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Shao Chin Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China.
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24
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Suely A, Zabed H, Ahmed ABA, Mohamad J, Nasiruddin M, Sahu JN, Ganesan P. Toxicological and hematological effect of Terminalia arjuna bark extract on a freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. Fish Physiol Biochem 2016; 42:431-444. [PMID: 26501361 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Increasing demand for eco-friendly botanical piscicides and pesticides as replacements for harmful synthetic chemicals has led to investigation of new sources of plant materials. Stem bark of Terminalia arjuna, which has been used as a popular folk medicine since ancient time, was examined for its piscicidal activity. This study aims to determine toxicity of ethanol extract of T. arjuna bark on fresh water stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis), along with evaluation of changes in hematological parameters of the fishes exposed to a lethal concentration. The percent mortality of fishes varied significantly in response to concentrations of the extract and exposure times (between exposure time F = 36.57, p < 0.001; between concentrations F = 39.93, p < 0.001). The lethal concentrations (LC50) of ethanol extract were found to be 12.7, 8.94, 5.63 and 4.71 mg/l for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. During acute toxicity test, blood samples of treatment fishes showed significant decreases in the red blood cells count, hematocrit content, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and plasma protein level when compared to those of the control group, while there were significant increases in the mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, white blood cells count and plasma glucose concentration. These results suggest that T. arjuna bark extract could be considered as a potent piscicide due to its toxic effect on fish, particularly fish hematology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Suely
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H Zabed
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A B A Ahmed
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J Mohamad
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Nasiruddin
- Department of Zoology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - J N Sahu
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Program Area, Faculty of Engineering, Institut Teknologi Brunei, Tungku Gadong, P.O. Box 2909, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - P Ganesan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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25
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Bhat ZS, Jaladi N, Khajuria RK, Shah ZH, Arumugam N. Comparative analysis of bioactive N-alkylamides produced by tissue culture raised versus field plantlets of Spilanthes ciliata using LC-Q-TOF (HRMS). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1017-1018:195-203. [PMID: 26990734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Spilanthes ciliata (S. ciliata) is a perennial herb of global importance owing to its luscious source of bioactive fatty acid derived amides known as N-alkylamides. It finds application in skin creams, mouth gels and toothpastes. Despite multifaceted applications, a major limitation associated for its commercial application is the scarcity of contamination free plant source, fluctuations in active metabolites due to variation in extraction procedures, and lack of rapid qualitative method for alkylamide profiling. In the current work, attempts were made to 1) optimize conditions for mass propagation of contamination free plants of S. ciliata by tissue culture using leaf discs as explants, 2) establish an optimum extraction ratio of plant/solvent (w/v) for maximum elution of alkylamides and 3) develop a rapid method for qualitative estimation of alkylamide from in vitro raised plants in comparison with that of the field grown counterpart by using LC-Q-TOF (HRMS). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first qualitative report on alkylamide profile of micropropagated whole plant of Spilanthes. The correlation pattern reported in this study may form the basis for using tissue culture raised plantlets of S. ciliata as potential source of bioactive alkylamides on industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Shanib Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry605014, India
| | - Neeharika Jaladi
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry605014, India
| | - Ravi Kant Khajuria
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Zeeshan Hamid Shah
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Neelakantan Arumugam
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry605014, India.
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26
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Mahboubi M, Kazempour N. The anti-candidal activity of Satureja khuzistanica ethanol extract against clinical isolates of C. albicans. J Mycol Med 2016; 26:e6-10. [PMID: 26849903 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is the common cause of some infectious diseases such as vaginal candidiasis or candidemia. Due to the emergence of drug resistant isolates of C. albicans, finding a new anti-Candida agent is a new strategy for current treatments. This study evaluated the anti-candidal activity of Satureja khuzistanica ethanol extract against clinical isolates of C. albicans. S. khuzistanica ethanol extract from aerial parts of plant at full flowering stage was evaluated against 30 clinical isolates and two ATCC reference strains of C. albicans by disc diffusion and micro-broth dilution assay. Also, in this study we evaluated the synergistic effects of amphotericin B, clotrimazole and ketoconazole with S. khuzistanica ethanol extract. The means of MIC and MFC of S. khuzistanica ethanol extract against clinical isolates were 299.4 and 722.6 (μg/mL), respectively. S. khuzistanica ethanol extract increased the anti-candidal effect of amphotericin B and ketoconazole, while it had no synergistic effect on clotrimazole against clinical isolates of C. albicans. Therefore, S. khuzistanica ethanol extract can be introduced as a new source of anti-candidal agent against clinical isolates of C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahboubi
- Department of Microbiology, Medicinal Plants Research Center of Barij, PO 3795191916, Kashan, Iran.
| | - N Kazempour
- Department of Microbiology, Medicinal Plants Research Center of Barij, PO 3795191916, Kashan, Iran
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27
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Mansour RB, Jilani IBH, Bouaziz M, Gargouri B, Elloumi N, Attia H, Ghrabi-Gammar Z, Lassoued S. Phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Capparis spinosa. Cytotechnology 2014; 68:135-142. [PMID: 25377263 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) extracts have been associated with diverse biological activities including anti-oxidant properties. In this work, we characterized the hydro-ethanolic extract obtained from C. spinosa leaves [hydroethanolic extract of C. spinosa (HECS)] by analyzing the content in anti-oxidant compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins. Further, we evaluated HECS antioxidant activities in vitro using bleaching of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and ABTS test as well as by pretreatment of HeLa cells exposed to Fe(2+) or H2O2. Our findings indicate that HECS contains high amount of total phenolic compounds and high levels of flavonoids and anthocyanins. Furthermore, HECS exhibited antioxidant activity in both chemical and biological tests. Specially, pretreatment of HeLa cells with different concentrations of the extract conferred protection against lipid peroxidation and modulated activities of two antioxidant enzymes, SOD and catalase. These results revealed HECS antioxidant effects and suggest that C. spinosa leaves are a potential source of natural antioxidant molecules with possible applications in industry and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ben Mansour
- Laboratoire d'analyse, valorisation et sécurité des aliments, groupe de recherche «Biotechnologie et pathologies», Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route Sokra Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Imtinen Ben Haj Jilani
- Unité de Recherche Biogéographie, Climatologie Appliquée et Dynamique Erosive, Faculté des Lettres, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, des Arts et des Humanités de Manouba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed Bouaziz
- Laboratoire des Bioprocédés Environnementaux, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP: «1177», 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Bochra Gargouri
- Laboratoire d'analyse, valorisation et sécurité des aliments, groupe de recherche «Biotechnologie et pathologies», Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route Sokra Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nésrine Elloumi
- Laboratoire d'analyse, valorisation et sécurité des aliments, groupe de recherche «Biotechnologie et pathologies», Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route Sokra Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Attia
- Laboratoire d'analyse, valorisation et sécurité des aliments, groupe de recherche «Biotechnologie et pathologies», Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route Sokra Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zeineb Ghrabi-Gammar
- Unité de Recherche Biogéographie, Climatologie Appliquée et Dynamique Erosive, Faculté des Lettres, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, des Arts et des Humanités de Manouba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Saloua Lassoued
- Laboratoire d'analyse, valorisation et sécurité des aliments, groupe de recherche «Biotechnologie et pathologies», Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route Sokra Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
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28
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Lee CC, Hsieh HJ, Hsieh CH, Hwang DF. Antioxidative and anticancer activities of various ethanolic extract fractions from crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci). Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 38:761-773. [PMID: 25305737 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Many studies currently researching marine invertebrates to determine the therapeutic potential of their bioactive materials have been showing very promising results. The crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci, an Echinodermata of the class Asteroidea, is infamous as the unique venomous starfish and as a destroyer of coral reefs. Starfish possesses many useful pharmacological and biological characteristics. In this study, A. planci was extracted with 70% ethanol and lyophilized to obtain an ethanol fraction. The ethanol fraction was dissolved with water and defatted with petroleum ether to obtain a non-polar fraction. The residual solution was successively partitioned with ethylacetate and butanol to obtain an ethylacetate fraction and butanol fraction, respectively. Four fractions were used to examine the antioxidant and anticancer properties. The ethanol fraction of A. planci contained the highest antioxidant effects such as ABTS, DPPH, Fe(2+) chelating activity and reducing power when compared with four fractions. Among the four fractions, the butanol fraction was especially shown to inhibit human malignant melanoma A375.S2 cells' proliferation, which is involved in the apoptotic progression. This fraction could induce apoptosis and even necrosis in A375.S2 cells as evidenced by double staining with an Annexin V-FITC and PI assay and DNA fragmentation analysis. These results indicated that the starfish A. planci is a good resource for obtaining the biologically active substances for antioxidant and anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chiu Lee
- Department of Food Science and Center of Excellence for the Ocean, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hernyi Justin Hsieh
- Penghu Marine Biology Research Center, Fishery Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Magong, Penghu 880, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Hong Hsieh
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung 413, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Deng-Fwu Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Center of Excellence for the Ocean, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung 413, Taiwan, ROC.
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29
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Hasson SS, Al-Balushi MS, Alharthy K, Al-Busaidi JZ, Aldaihani MS, Othman MS, Said EA, Habal O, Sallam TA, Aljabri AA, Ahmedidris M. Evaluation of anti-resistant activity of Auklandia (Saussurea lappa) root against some human pathogens. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3:557-62. [PMID: 23836413 DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract of the Auklandia (Saussurea lappa)root plant was investigated to verify its medicinal use in the treatment of microbial infections. METHODS The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract was tested against clinical isolates of some multidrug-resistant bacteria using the agar well diffusion method. Commercial antibiotics were used as positive reference standards to determine the sensitivity of the clinical isolates. RESULTS The extracts showed significant inhibitory activity against clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactemase, Acinetobacter baumannii. The minimum inhibitory concentration values obtained using the agar dilution test ranged from 2.0 µg/µL-12.0 µg/µL. In the contrary the water extract showed no activity at all against the tested isolates. Furthermore, the results obtained by examining anti-resistant activity of the plant ethanolic extract showed that at higher concentration of the plant extract (12 µg) all tested bacteria isolates were inhibited with variable inhibition zones similar to those obtained when we applied lower extract concentration using the well diffusion assay. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the crude ethanolic extract of the Auklandia (Saussurea lappa) root plant has a wide spectrum of activity suggesting that it may be useful in the treatment of infections caused by the above clinical isolates (human pathogens).
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Lian R, Li J, Ma HM, Zhang GZ, Guo XA, Li X, Yang JB. Effect of ethanol extract of Selaginella doederleinii Hieron on the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-1 and C666-1 cells. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2013; 10:490-3. [PMID: 24311875 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v10i6.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper mainly studied the effect of ethanol extract of Selaginella doederleinii Hieron on the proliferation of two kinds of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines, CNE-1 and C666-1, and their mechanisms of action. Extract was obtained by heat reflux extraction with ethanol, and the effect of extract on the extracellular matrix adhesion of the cells, on their proliferation process, as well as on their colony-forming ability were tested using MTT assay. The results showed that the yield of dry extract was 36.4%. 2.5 g/ml extract in the high concentration group exhibited inhibitory activity that was directly proportional to the concentration on CNE-1 cells, while not exhibiting obvious proportional trend in respect with C666-1 cells. However, the inhibition rates against two types of cells can both reach between 30% ~ 50%. Under the effect of ethanol extract of Selaginella doederleinii Hieron, proliferative capacities of C666-1 and CNE-1 cells were affected to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lian
- ENT Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College University, Xinxiang, China
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Claimer CS, Mahesh A, Sinilal B, Rao DM, Thangadurai D. Protective Effect of Indigofera Aspalathoides Roots on N-Nitrosodiethylamine-induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Mice. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 74:157-60. [PMID: 23325997 PMCID: PMC3546333 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.103851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemopreventive effect of ethanol root extract of Indigofera aspalathoides was evaluated in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced experimental liver tumor in mice. Pretreatment with ethanol root extract (100 mg/kg, p.o.) for three weeks significantly reduced the impact of N-nitrosodiethylamine toxicity (50 mg/kg, i.p.) on the serum markers of liver damage, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. Protective effect was reconfirmed the elevated serum total protein levels were significantly restored towards normalization by the extracts, and this was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Histological examination of the liver of animals treated with ethanol root extract of Indigofera aspalathoides showed the reduction of necrosis. These results suggest that ethanol root extract of Indigofera aspalathoides possess protective effect against N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Claimer
- Department of Plant Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, India
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32
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Patel PB, Patel TK, Shah P, Baxi SN, Sharma HO, Tripathi CB. Protective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Bemth. in Paracetamol-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 72:392-6. [PMID: 21188056 PMCID: PMC3003180 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.70493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the hepatoprotective activity of the ethanol extract of leaves of Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Bemth. (Family: Celastraceous) against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats was induced by a single intraperitoneal dose of 500 mg/kg of paracetamol and studied by comparing parameters such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and histopathological examination of liver. Pre and post-treatment with ethanol extract of Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Bemth. at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg was studied by comparing the above mentioned parameters with silymarin (100 mg/kg) as standard. Both doses of ethanol extract of Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Bemth. were found to be hepatoprotective. Extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg produced effects comparable to those of silymarin. The present study indicates that alcohol extract of Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Bemth. possessed significant hepatoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvati B Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar - 364 001, In3dia
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