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Delgado D, Meindl JN, Al-Nasser T, Ivy JW. When Cultural Awareness Reveals Conflicting Cultural Values: A Pragmatic Approach. Behav Anal Pract 2024; 17:13-25. [PMID: 38405277 PMCID: PMC10891033 DOI: 10.1007/s40617-023-00826-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cultural awareness reminds ABA service providers of the importance of considering the cultural practices of others when programming for behavior change. Decisions about the appropriateness of services may be difficult, however, when the values of the client conflict with the values of the culture(s) to which the client belongs or with the cultural biases of the practitioner. To minimize such conflicts, we propose a decision-making model that integrates client-centered and culture-centered assessments of habilitative validity. Throughout the proposed evaluation process, the behavior analyst and the recipients of services collaborate to refine program goals that will increase access to reinforcers for the client and their cultural groups. Given that cultures arrange reinforcers and punishers for the individual, assessing habilitative and social validity for the cultural groups affected by services is emphasized as an essential component of the model. We illustrate how the proposed model could be used to suggest appropriate courses of action by analyzing a situation that may involve conflicts of values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Delgado
- University of Memphis, Ball Hall, # 401A, 3798 Walker Ave, Memphis, TN 38111 USA
| | - James N. Meindl
- University of Memphis, Ball Hall, # 401A, 3798 Walker Ave, Memphis, TN 38111 USA
| | - Thouraya Al-Nasser
- University of Memphis, Ball Hall, # 401A, 3798 Walker Ave, Memphis, TN 38111 USA
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Gothilander J, Ullenhag A, Danielsson H, Axelsson AK. Reliability of FUNDES-Child-SE - measuring participation and independence of children and youths with disabilities. Scand J Occup Ther 2023; 30:1248-1256. [PMID: 37552981 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2023.2237214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for an instrument to measure participation and independence in children with disabilities. FUNDES-Child-SE has its origin in the participation questionnaire Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation. AIMS Test the psychometric properties of internal consistency and test-retest reliability. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included caregivers of 163 children with disability aged 6-18 years, 59 of whom were also included in the test-retest study. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the proportions of valid ratings. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were tested through Cronbach's alpha and the intra-class correlation coefficient. RESULTS The amount of not relevant/not applicable ratings was substantial but varied between items and subdomains. Internal consistency was acceptable (0.8-0.95), and the test-retest was marginal to excellent (0.73-0.95). CONCLUSIONS The reliability together with the content validity support the use of the FUNDES-Child-SE to measure participation and independence in children with disabilities. However, results should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size and possible selection bias. Modifications to reduce the not relevant/not applicable responses should be investigated together with the instrument's responsiveness. SIGNIFICANCE FUNDES-Child-SE can be used to facilitate a discussion of participation and independence and to plan interventions in a habilitation setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Ullenhag
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Sweden
| | - Henrik Danielsson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Anna Karin Axelsson
- CHILD Research Group, School of Education and Communication, Jönköping University, Sweden
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Šantić IŠ, Bonetti L. Language Intervention Instead of Speech Intervention for Children With Cochlear Implants. J Audiol Otol 2023; 27:55-62. [PMID: 37073450 PMCID: PMC10126584 DOI: 10.7874/jao.2022.00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cochlear implants are a standard rehabilitation option for children with severe hearing loss or deafness, allowing access to speech sounds necessary for the development of spoken language. However, the speech-language outcomes of pediatric cochlear implant users vary widely and are not directly or exclusively linked to technology but to combinations of individual audiological, personal, technical, and habilitational factors. These combinations may not favor spoken language development, which may further be linked to the issue of prior insistence on spoken language learning and associated with a high risk of language deprivation. Here, we discuss the outcomes of cochlear implantation from a habilitative perspective and lay down the efforts and resources necessary for the development of communication competence after cochlear implantation rather than the achievement of specific hearing, language, or speech skills that have limited socioemotional and educational contributions and do not guarantee an independent or productive life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šimić Šantić
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luka Bonetti
- Department of Hearing Impairments, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Sorg H, Ehlers JP, Zupanic M, Salehi I, G G Sorg C. [How important is an academic career in medicine today? A survey of medical students in Germany: results of study arm XIII of the KARiMED study]. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes 2023; 177:73-81. [PMID: 36841677 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Academic careers still play a significant role in medicine. Although the doctorate remains interesting for many students, there are no data available from medical students, for example, with regard to the interest of a habilitation. In parallel, a good work-life/family balance is a key career element for young medical professionals. The aim was to obtain an up-to-date opinion on the academic career of medical students. METHODOLOGY Using an online survey, medical students of all semesters in Germany were questioned on the topics of academic career, mentoring, and work-life balance from October 2017 to December 2018. For this purpose, the medical students were invited by e-mail to participate and answer an anonymized online questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 1,775 participants from all 38 German medical faculties (68.3% female; age 23.3 ± 4.0 years) were included. Almost half of the participants could envision working in a branch office after graduation. While a professional career appeared important to a clear majority (70.8%), leisure time was rated as even more important (84.3%), and work-life balance clearly prioritized personal life (41.2%) over career (9.6%). Acquiring a title was rated as important to one's career by 53.6%. However, while the acquisition of a doctorate was still an option for 88.0% of the respondents, the situation is significantly different for academic titles following a successful habilitation. Although the significance of a habilitation is rated as high to very high (66.1%), the titles of assistant professor ("yes": 13.0%), associate professor (6.0%) or university professor (7.0%) are much less likely to be considered by medical students and are therefore rated as "maybe" and "no". Nevertheless, almost 60% wished for better information and advice in their future field of work. CONCLUSION Careers in medicine are undergoing a transformation where better compatibility of leisure/family and work is no longer the sole focus. On the contrary, work-life blending is sought, as a connection between work and life. Changes are therefore necessary for professional and especially academic careers in order to make working in science and research attractive again.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Sorg
- Lehrstuhl für Didaktik und Bildungsforschung im Gesundheitswesen, Fakultät für Gesundheit, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland; Abteilung für Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Klinik für Allgemein und Viszeralchirurgie, Marien Hospital Witten, Witten, Deutschland.
| | - Jan P Ehlers
- Lehrstuhl für Didaktik und Bildungsforschung im Gesundheitswesen, Fakultät für Gesundheit, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland
| | - Michaela Zupanic
- Lehrstuhl für Didaktik und Bildungsforschung im Gesundheitswesen, Fakultät für Gesundheit, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland
| | - Irsa Salehi
- Abteilung für Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Klinik für Allgemein und Viszeralchirurgie, Marien Hospital Witten, Witten, Deutschland
| | - Christian G G Sorg
- Lehrstuhl für Management und Innovation im Gesundheitswesen, Fakultät für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland
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Zizlavsky S, Supartono N, Zachreini I, Bashiruddin J, Hajar Haryuna TS, Savitri E, Mayangsari ID, Tamin S, Priyono H, Ranakusuma RW, Indrasari SR, Manukbua T, Harahap J, Alviandi W, Purnami N, Alia D, Warto N, Ghanie A, Hifni A, Anggraeni R, Lasminingrum L, Wijana W, Muyassaroh, Prasetyo A, Bawono M, Indrasworo D, Suardana S, Setiawan EP, Ariyanti Putri PD, Dwi Saputra KA, Lely Rahayu IM, Wiranadha IM, Mengko SK, Tamus AY, Fitria H, Hidayat B, Kasim M, Damayanti H, Syukrinto G, Primadewi N, Purnanta A, Amar A, Nurfarihah E. Factors associated with time of diagnosis and habilitation of congenital hearing loss in Indonesia: A multicenter study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 163:111369. [PMID: 36335758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate factors associated with time of diagnosis and habilitation of congenital hearing loss in Indonesia. METHOD A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January to December 2020 by collecting data on patients with congenital hearing loss using validated questionnaires. RESULT Among 535 children with congenital hearing loss, 2.7% had a family history of congenital hearing loss, 11.2% and 37.4% had a maternal history of ototoxic drugs and herbal medicine use during pregnancy, respectively, and 17.8% had prenatal exposure to TORCH infection. Lower maternal education level was shown to be associated with older age at diagnosis (p = 0.045), while older maternal age (p < 0.001), non-housewife mothers (p = 0.029), and out-of-pocket payment scheme (p = 0.027) were associated with a higher rate of habilitation. CONCLUSION The present study showed that the presence of family history, the use of certain medications during pregnancy, and prenatal TORCH infection are prevalent in children with congenital hearing loss in Indonesia. Several factors such as maternal education level, age, occupation, and habilitation payment scheme may be associated with time of diagnosis and habilitation of congenital hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semiramis Zizlavsky
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia / Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
| | - Natasha Supartono
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia / Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Indra Zachreini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Malikussaleh / Cut Meutia Hospital, Aceh Utara, 24351, Indonesia
| | - Jenny Bashiruddin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia / Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Tengku Siti Hajar Haryuna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara / Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Eka Savitri
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin / Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makasar, 90425, Indonesia
| | - Ika Dewi Mayangsari
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia / Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Susyana Tamin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia / Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Harim Priyono
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia / Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Respati W Ranakusuma
- Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Unit, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta / Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Sagung Rai Indrasari
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gajah Mada / Dr. Sardjito Hospital Jogjakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Tjandra Manukbua
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Lakipadada Hospital, Makale, Tana Toraja, 91811, Indonesia
| | - Juliandi Harahap
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Widayat Alviandi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia / Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Nyilo Purnami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga / Dr.Soetomo General Hospital Centre, Surabaya, 60286, Indonesia
| | - Dina Alia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala/dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, 24415, Indonesia
| | - Nirza Warto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas/dr. M. Djamil Hospital, kota Padang, 25171, Indonesia
| | - Abla Ghanie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya/Siti Fatimah Hospital, Palembang, 30151, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Hifni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya/Siti Fatimah Hospital, Palembang, 30151, Indonesia
| | - Ratna Anggraeni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran / Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia
| | - Lina Lasminingrum
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran / Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia
| | - Wijana Wijana
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran / Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia
| | - Muyassaroh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia
| | - Ashadi Prasetyo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gajah Mada / Dr. Sardjito Hospital Jogjakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Mahatma Bawono
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gajah Mada / Dr. Sardjito Hospital Jogjakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Dyah Indrasworo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya/ dr Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, 65112, Indonesia
| | - Suardana Suardana
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, 80361, Indonesia
| | - Eka Putra Setiawan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, 80361, Indonesia
| | - Putu Dian Ariyanti Putri
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, 80361, Indonesia
| | - Komang Andi Dwi Saputra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, 80361, Indonesia
| | - I Made Lely Rahayu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, 80361, Indonesia
| | - I Made Wiranadha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, 80361, Indonesia
| | - Steward Kennedy Mengko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sam Ratulangi/ Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, 95163, Indonesia
| | - Augustien Yuliet Tamus
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sam Ratulangi/ Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, 95163, Indonesia
| | - Hidayatul Fitria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Abdurrab, Riau, 28292, Indonesia
| | - Benny Hidayat
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Eka Hospital Pekanbaru, Riau, 28282, Indonesia
| | - Muslim Kasim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Pringsewu Hospital, Lampung, 35376, Indonesia
| | - Heditya Damayanti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta/ Fatmawati Hospital, Jakarta, 12430, Indonesia
| | - Gustav Syukrinto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), RS Mulya Tangerang, Kota Tangerang, 15145, Indonesia
| | - Novi Primadewi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/ dr Moewardi, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
| | - Arief Purnanta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gajah Mada / Dr. soeradji Tirtonegoro, Klaten, 57424, Indonesia
| | - Arman Amar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Klinik Utama Budi Mulia Raya, Paser Utara Kalimantan Timur, 76141, Indonesia
| | - Eva Nurfarihah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Hospital, Pontianak, 78244, Indonesia
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Moll FH, Halling T, Shariat SF. [Granting of venia legendi as an indicator of specialization : Victor von Ivánchich de Margita (1812-1892) "Lecturer for surgery of the urogenital organs" in Vienna in 1851]. Urologie 2022; 61:996-1010. [PMID: 35943546 PMCID: PMC9424176 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-022-01904-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alongside Paris, Vienna was one of the early centers of specialization and professionalization in medicine and urology in the 19th century. Especially the 2nd Vienna Medical School (Erna Lesky) with its main representatives Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky (in Czech: Karel Rokytanský; 1804-1878) and Joseph Ritter von Škoda (1895-1881) was able to create the perfect scientific environment for young students to become acquainted with new fields of research often in an interdisciplinary setting, e.g., chemistry, microscopy or pathology in combination with clinical departments like surgery. We analyze the process of habilitation using the example of a urologist to outline this process within the history of science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich H Moll
- Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin, Centre for Health and Society, Medizinische Fakultät, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
- Urologische Klinik, Kliniken der Stadt Köln gGmbH, Neufelder Straße 32, 51067, Köln, Deutschland.
- Curator Deutsche Gesellschaft für Urologie e. V, Düsseldorf-Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Thorsten Halling
- Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin, Centre for Health and Society, Medizinische Fakultät, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Österreich
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Djukić Koroljević Z, Cetinić EL, Matijević V. THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN PREGNANCY: COMPARISON OF OUTCOMES IN INFANTS. Acta Clin Croat 2022; 61:248-256. [PMID: 36818929 PMCID: PMC9934031 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2022.61.02.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of mild psychomotor delay in infants whose mothers were treated for thyroid dysfunction regardless of the cause during first trimester of pregnancy with those whose mothers did not use medications prenatally. The sample included 200 infants up to 4 months of age. Half of the infants were examined by a pediatric physiatrist, while the other half were chosen randomly from the primary pediatric clinic. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of factors on psychomotor delay. The model contained seven independent variables derived from bivariate analyses and clinical relevance. Results showed that the infant's chance of having psychomotor delay was 5.53 times higher if the mother had drug-compensated thyroid dysfunction. Younger gestational age increased the likelihood of delay 2.12 times per each gestational week. The likelihood of psychomotor delay also rose by 1% per 1 g of birth weight reduction. We found strong positive linear correlation between maternal drug-compensated thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and psychomotor delay in infants, which has not been reported elsewhere. This differentiates an important and common prenatal risk factor and lays the foundation for faster initiation of habilitation of infants at risk. These insights provide a basis for planning the National Screening Program for Neurorisk Infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zrinka Djukić Koroljević
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia;,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Valentina Matijević
- Department of Rheumatology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia;,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia;,Faculty of Medicine in Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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Kapel A, Kovacic T, Kos N, Velnar T. Impact of a 12-month multifaceted neurological physiotherapy intervention on gross motor function in women with Rett syndrome. J Integr Neurosci 2022; 21:59. [PMID: 35364647 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rett syndrome is a rare genetic neurological syndrome that affects mostly females. The syndrome leads to severe impairments impacting all areas of the affected persons' life, including speech, mobility, eating, and breathing impairments. The most distinct symptoms include stereotyped hand movements, ataxia, and atrophy of the lower limbs, and signs of autism. METHODS According to the principle of convenience sampling, the quantitative research included five females diagnosed with Rett syndrome subject to their personalized goal oriented neurological physiotherapy. Changes in gross motor function were assessed by the Gross Motor Function Measure 88 and Rett syndrome Gross Motor Scale. RESULTS It was found that the 12-month multifaceted neurological physiotherapy intervention had statistically significant improvements in both Gross Motor Function Measure 88 (p = 0.005) and Rett syndrome Gross Motor Scale (p = 0.012). Despite positive improvements, the absence of control group made it difficult for a comparative evaluation to determine what interventions had the best possible outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The quantitative research demonstrates neuro-developmental treatment sessions, hippotherapy, hydrotherapy, physical therapy, a walking program, endurance exercises, active-assisted exercises, and coordination exercises, had a significant impact on improving gross motor function status. Current multifaceted intervention program leads to good improvement of gross motor skills above what can be expected from late motor deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alen Kapel
- Alma Mater Europaea - ECM Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.,Modus Medical, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Tine Kovacic
- Alma Mater Europaea - ECM Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Natasa Kos
- Alma Mater Europaea - ECM Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.,Medical Rehabilitation Unit, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tomaz Velnar
- Alma Mater Europaea - ECM Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Abstract
Recovery is a commonly used concept in both professional and everyday contexts. Yet despite its extensive use, it has not drawn much philosophical attention. In this paper, I question the common understanding of recovery, show how the concept is inadequate, and introduce new and much needed terminology. I argue that recovery glosses over important distinctions and even misrepresents the process of moving away from malady as "going back" to a former state of health. It does not invite important nuances needed to distinguish between biomedical, phenomenological, and social perspectives. In addition, I claim that there are many conditions where we are making use of the concept of recovery, although the person recovered from the condition in question, has not regained the same degree of soundness. I show how the concept of recovery leads to conceptual discrepancies that can result in worsening patients' conditions. To gain a fuller understanding, I propose to rethink the direction of the process in question. I define the process of moving away from malady as a move forward towards a new state of soundness. I also suggest three terms, corresponding to different perspectives, to describe this movement forward: 'curing' (biomedical perspective), 'healing' (first-person perspective), and 'habilitating' (social perspective). This new terminology provides a more nuanced understanding of the states of both malady and soundness and an attentiveness as to how they differ and relate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Friedman
- Centre for Philosophy and the Sciences (CPS), Department of Philosophy, Classics, History of Art and Ideas, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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10
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Paasch C, Meißner C, Meyer F. [The role of postdoctoral qualification candidates in surgical teaching]. Chirurg 2021; 92:1025-1032. [PMID: 33852019 PMCID: PMC8536620 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-021-01406-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ziel Die kompakte Übersicht skizziert die Verantwortung und das breite Aufgabenfeld der/s HabilitandIn in der chirurgischen Lehre im Rahmen des Humanmedizinstudiums. Methode Narrative Kurzübersicht auf der Basis gewonnener individueller und einrichtungsspezifischer Lehrerfahrungen. Ergebnisse (Eckpunkte) Rolle der/des HabilitandIn in (Auswahl): (i) Abgrenzung zum nichthabilitierten ärztlichen Kollegen: Die im Rahmen des Habilitationsvorhabens gesammelten administrativen und wissenschaftlichen als auch Lehrerfahrungen lassen den/die HabilitandIn als geeigneteren, motivierteren und kompetenteren Promotionsverantwortlichen und -betreuer im Gegensatz zu Kollegen, die sich nicht habilitiert haben oder habilitieren möchten, erscheinen. (ii) Abhängigkeit medizinischer Disziplinen: Die Rolle, die in der Lehre eingenommen werden kann, ist durchaus stark fachabhängig. So bestehen die Möglichkeit und die Pflicht, in chirurgischen Fächern neben theoretischem Wissen stets auch kompetente praktische Fertigkeiten zu vermitteln. (iii) Universitäten und nichtuniversitäre Krankenhäuser: In nichtuniversitären (Lehr‑)Krankenhäusern können die/der chirurgische HabilitandIn die Aufgaben der chirurgischen Lehre durch eine komplette PJ- und Famulaturbetreuung erfüllen. An universitären Kliniken steht das Abhalten von Lehrveranstaltungen eher im Vordergrund. Schlussfolgerung Die/der HabilitandIn spielt in der chirurgischen Lehre eine zentrale Rolle. Ein breites Aufgabenspektrum mit Abhaltung und Gestaltung von Vorlesungen, Seminaren, Blockpraktika bis hin zu direkter studentischer Betreuung im Rahmen der Famulatur, des Praktischen Jahrs und der Promotion kann von der Habilitandin/vom Habilitand suffizient erfüllt werden neben der ideenreichen Gestaltung fakultativer Lehrkonzepte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Paasch
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg A.ö.R., Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Deutschland
| | - Carl Meißner
- Klinik für Allgemein‑ und Viszeralchirurgie, Klinikum Magdeburg GmbH, Birkenallee 122, 39130, Magdeburg, Deutschland
| | - Frank Meyer
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg A.ö.R., Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Deutschland.
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Goldblat E, Rivkin D, Konstantinov V. Associations between ethnicity, place of residence, hearing status of family and habilitation of children with hearing impairment. Isr J Health Policy Res 2020; 9:36. [PMID: 32660547 PMCID: PMC7359005 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-020-00394-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hearing parents tend to have a strong preference for their deaf and hard-of-hearing children to acquire adequate speech, as opposed to use of sign language. Research reports the contribution of many variables to speech acquisition by children with hearing loss (HL). Yet, little is known about the association between ethnicity, place of residence, and hearing status of family members and mode of communication of young people with HL. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether mode of communication of young people with HL is associated with ethnicity, place of residence, and hearing status of family members. Method Participants were young adults with sensory-neural severe to profound HL, either congenital or acquired prior to age 3. Only participants without additional disabilities were included. The data on participants were extracted from records of the Ministry of Labor, Social Affairs and Social Services in Israel. The data for each participant in the study included mode of communication, gender, use of assistive device, ethnicity, geographic place of residence, and presence of first-degree relatives with HL. Regarding participants with a cochlear implant (CI), age at implantation was documented as well. Results Chi-square tests revealed significant associations between mode of communication and all of the study variables. In addition, all the study variables made a significant contribution to mode of communication. Regarding ethnicity, most of the ultra-Orthodox participants used oral language, while the majority of Israeli-Arab participants used sign language. Regarding geographical place of residence, lower rates of oral language use were found in the northern and southern districts of Israel. Conclusions The findings of the present study underline the need for better monitoring of Israeli-Arab children with HL and children residing in peripheral areas in Israel and for improving access to habilitation services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Goldblat
- Administration of Disabilities, Ministry of Labor, Social Affairs & Social Services, P.O.B 1260, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Dori Rivkin
- Family Group, Myers-JDC-Brookdale, Jerusalem, Israel
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Andries A, van Walsem MR, Frich JC. Self-reported physical activity in people with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in Norway. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:235. [PMID: 32284057 PMCID: PMC7155285 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is associated with positive health effects, but individuals with neuromuscular disease (NMD) may experience constraints being physically active. There is a gap in the literature on the activity level of people with NMDs, and therefore we did a study to determine the physical activity level in people with Limb-Girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). METHODS This study used a cross-sectional design to obtain self-reported physical activity and sitting time among individuals with LGMD and CMT who were recruited from the Norwegian registry for hereditary and congenital neuromuscular diseases. RESULTS A total of 127 respondents who filled out questionnaires about either physical activity or sitting time were included in the analysis. Seventy (55.1%) had a diagnosis of CMT and 57 (44.9%) had a diagnosis of LGMD. Seventy-three (57.5%) respondents were female and 54 (42.5%) were male. Among the 108 respondents with available physical activity data, 44.4% reported being physically inactive. Among the 109 respondents with available sitting time data, the average sitting time was 8.6 h. Longer sitting time was associated with higher physical inactivity. CONCLUSION Among people with LGMD and CMT in our study, 55.6% reported being physically active. Respondents with LGMD and CMT reported longer sitting time and less physical activity compared with healthy respondents in other studies. Further research should explore variables and measures that can promote physical activity among people with neuromuscular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristomo Andries
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1089, N-0318, Oslo, Blindern, Norway.
| | - Marleen R van Walsem
- Department of Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4956, N-0424, Oslo, Nydalen, Norway
- Research Centre for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1089, N-0318, Oslo, Blindern, Norway
| | - Jan C Frich
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1089, N-0318, Oslo, Blindern, Norway
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Eckle VS, Zacharowski K, Koch T, Meybohm P. Scientific habilitations as an indicator of research productivity in Germany - a comparative analysis of several clinical specialties. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes 2019; 149:40-8. [PMID: 31932253 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a part of the German academic system the scientific habilitation is a significant individual qualification in research and teaching. In a pilot project, we recently reported the number of habilitations in anesthesiology, visceral surgery, gynecology and internal medicine. Here, we analyze habilitations from 13 additional clinical specialties. METHODS Habilitations in clinical specialties published in the German Medical Journal (Dtsch Arztebl) between 2010 and 2017 were quantitatively analyzed. For data validation, the dean offices of all German medical schools were requested to forward all accomplished habilitations. The percentage of women and the numbers with respect to the specialty were analyzed for each university hospital. Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges). RESULTS In this study, 2,264 accomplished habilitations were analyzed. Annually, 45 (36-56) habilitations were reported in orthopedic/trauma surgery, 40 (36-48) in radiology and 37 (29-46) in neurology, while the medians in the other analyzed specialties were lower. The highest percentage of women earning a habilitation degree was reported for pediatrics (37 %), dermatology (33 %), and ophthalmology (32 %). CONCLUSIONS Here, the output of completed habilitations from 13 medical specialties was analyzed for each German medical school. As a habilitation stands for a sustainable scientific contribution, this study may help to identify further career development needs for junior and for female scientists.
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Abstract
Educational research (ER) should be defined as the motivated guidance of residents to be involved and to conduct structured research. ER does not only pursue the goal to promote residents for an academic career but it also concentrates on the improvement of residency in general. Based on the data of national and international studies lack of time, enthusiastic mentors and financial resources represent the most significant obstacles to realize concepts of dedicated ER. The current article highlights options to improving ER with a structured curriculum starting in medical school and extending to board examination and fellowship training. Three staged concepts should be continuously integrated into residency programs: (1) ER to improve individual competence in urology, (2) clinical and patient-oriented ER, (3) ER to realize academic career. Concept 1 includes scholarly aligned M&M conferences, journal clubs, OR workshops, tumor boards, visiting professors. Concept 2 includes the scientific analysis of well circumscribed questions concerning site-specific medical strategies in the context of the current literature. Concept 3 requires continuous and reliable communication between the residents and their mentors. It also requires a well-structured and harmonized strategy to combining the clinical and research education which comprises 5 phases. Eventually, ER curriculum must be integrated into residency programs which can only be realized if the structure of German academic urology is changed from a more or less vertical hierachy to a horizontal hierarchy with clinically and scientifically aligned department structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heidenreich
- Klinik für Urologie, Uro-Onkologie, Roboter-assistierte und Spezielle Urologische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland.
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Turcotte S, Vallée C, Vincent C. [Occupational therapy and community integration of adults with neurological conditions: A scoping review]. Can J Occup Ther 2019; 85:365-377. [PMID: 30599776 DOI: 10.1177/0008417418813399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Although community integration (CI) is the ultimate goal of rehabilitation, it is rarely achieved in clinical settings. PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to (a) synthesize the state of occupational therapy knowledge related to CI for people with neurological issues and to (b) illustrate how CI is conceptualized within the literature. METHOD. A scoping review was completed using two reviewers, resulting in the selection of 47 articles pertaining to four study populations. Themes common across all client populations were identified through content analysis, and an iterative synthesis was used to analyse the evolution of knowledge. FINDINGS. The selected articles covered craniocerebral trauma ( n = 21, 9 experimental categories [EXP]), medullar injuries ( n = 11, 4 EXP), cerebrovascular injuries ( n = 9, 4 EXP), and multiple sclerosis ( n = 4, 1 EXP). CI was used interchangeably with the term social participation. Fifty-one percent of the articles defined CI solely as part of a measurement tool, and 10% did not provide a definition of CI. The physical dimension of CI had been studied more frequently than the social and psychological dimensions. IMPLICATIONS. Innovative practices should work to enable community inclusion and full citizenship to support the long-term enablement.
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Singh M, Parvez B, Banquet A, Kase JS. Habilitation of very preterm infants at a Post Acute Care Inpatient Rehabilitation (PACIR) center after neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge. Dev Neurorehabil 2019; 22:53-60. [PMID: 29461903 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2018.1437841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether Post-Acute Care Inpatient Rehabilitation (PACIR) admission after NICU stay affects the total length of stay (LOS) of very preterm (VPT: ≤30 weeks of gestation) infants. METHODS A retrospective case control study of VPT infants d/c'd from the NICU at Maria Fareri Children's Hospital (MFCH) to either a PACIR (Blythedale Children's Hospital: BH) for convalescent care (cases) or directly home (controls). RESULTS 35 cases and 70 controls. Total LOS (MFCH + BH) was longer for cases [196 vs. 97 days]. At the time of d/c from MFCH, Special Health Care Needs (SHCN) amongst cases were greater than controls, however, became similar at the time of home d/c. The majority of cases achieved habilitation goals at the PACIR. CONCLUSIONS Although LOS was longer for patients transferred to a PACIR, habilitation at BH Hospital reduced the SHCN at the time of home d/c amongst cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Singh
- a Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics , Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center , Hershey , Pennsylvania , USA
| | - Boriana Parvez
- b Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics , Maria Fareri Children's Hospital at Westchester Medical Center , Valhalla , New York , USA.,c Department of Pediatrics , New York Medical College , Valhalla , New York , USA
| | - Agnes Banquet
- b Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics , Maria Fareri Children's Hospital at Westchester Medical Center , Valhalla , New York , USA.,c Department of Pediatrics , New York Medical College , Valhalla , New York , USA.,d Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics , Blythedale Children's Hospital , Valhalla , New York , USA
| | - Jordan S Kase
- b Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics , Maria Fareri Children's Hospital at Westchester Medical Center , Valhalla , New York , USA.,c Department of Pediatrics , New York Medical College , Valhalla , New York , USA
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McConkey Robbins A. 12 guiding premises of pediatric cochlear implant habilitation. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 3:235-239. [PMID: 29780969 PMCID: PMC5956134 DOI: 10.1016/j.wjorl.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy McConkey Robbins
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, USA
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Richmond T, Peterson C, Cason J, Billings M, Terrell EA, Lee ACW, Towey M, Parmanto B, Saptono A, Cohn ER, Brennan D. American Telemedicine Association's Principles for Delivering Telere habilitation Services. Int J Telerehabil 2017; 9:63-68. [PMID: 29238450 PMCID: PMC5716618 DOI: 10.5195/ijt.2017.6232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Telehealth is a broad term used to describe the use of electronic or digital information and communications technologies to support clinical healthcare, patient and professional health related education, and public health and health administration. Telerehabilitation refers to the delivery of rehabilitation and habilitation services via information and communication technologies (ICT), also commonly referred to as” telehealth” technologies. Telerehabilitation services can include evaluation, assessment, monitoring, prevention, intervention, supervision, education, consultation, and coaching. Telerehabilitation services can be deployed across all patient populations and multiple healthcare settings including clinics, homes, schools, or community-based worksites. This document was adapted from the American Telemedicine Association’s (ATA) “A Blueprint for Telerehabilitation Guidelines” (2010) and reflects the current utilization of telerehabilitation services. It was developed collaboratively by members of the ATA Telerehabilitation Special Interest Group, with input and guidance from other practitioners in the field, strategic stakeholders, and ATA staff. Its purpose is to inform and assist practitioners in providing effective and secure services that are based on client needs, current empirical evidence, and available technologies. Rehabilitation professionals, in conjunction with professional associations and other organizations are encouraged to use this document as a resource for developing discipline-specific standards, guidelines, and practice requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jana Cason
- AUERBACH SCHOOL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, SPALDING UNIVERSITY, LOUISVILLE, KY
| | | | | | - Alan Chong W Lee
- DOCTOR OF PHYSICAL THERAPY PROGRAM, MOUNT ST. MARY'S COLLEGE, LOS ANGELES, CA
| | - Michael Towey
- VOICE & SWALLOWING CENTER OF MAINE, WALDO COUNTY GENERAL HOSPITAL, BELFAST, ME
| | - Bambang Parmanto
- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, SCHOOL OF HEALTH AND REHABILITATION SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, PITTSBURGH, PA
| | - Andi Saptono
- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, SCHOOL OF HEALTH AND REHABILITATION SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, PITTSBURGH, PA
| | - Ellen R Cohn
- DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATION SCIENCE AND DISORDERS, SCHOOL OF HEALTH AND REHABILITATION SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, PITTSBURGH, PA
| | - David Brennan
- TELEHEALTH INITIATIVES, MEDSTAR INSTITUTE FOR INNOVATION, WASHINGTON, DC
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Sorg H, Krämer R, Grieswald C, Schwab CGG, Thönnes S, Reinke JM, Hauser J, Tilkorn DJ. [Assessment of the significance and the requirements of medical postdoctoral lecture qualifications in Germany by the assessment committees]. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes 2016; 115-116:71-77. [PMID: 27837962 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The postdoctoral medical lecture qualification (Habilitation) represents the highest academic qualification in Germany, which is successfully completed by approximately 850 candidates in medicine and health sciences per year. However, there is only a limited number of respective academic positions available. In addition, structures in education and society have changed over the last years, challenging the importance of this specific German qualification. The aim of this study was to elicit the opinions of members of German habilitation committees concerning the requirements, processes and the overall importance of the postdoctoral medical lecture qualification. Furthermore we wanted to evaluate potential needs for reforms. METHODS The online survey was conducted asking for biographic parameters, subjective ratings and potential needs for reforms concerning the postdoctoral medical lecture qualification (PLQ). RESULTS The PLQ was rated high in significance by 71.3 % of the committee members. According to the medical understanding of the Humboldt triad (research, teaching, patient care), research (94.3 %) and teaching (89.7 %) have been rated as the most important requirements for a PLQ. Asked for the motivation to undertake a PLQ, 91.0 % of the members gave the joy of doing research, 78.2 % the joy of teaching and 65.5 % better career prospects perspectives as their reason. The recognition of a Ph.D. degree as being equivalent to a German PQL was clearly rejected by the survey respondents (58.6 %: no equivalence). The majority is against the abolition of the German PLQ. However, there is a definite desire for reform, preferably concerning internal obstacles such as the dependence on full professors, more transparency in the PLQ process, but also the demand for a federal standard PLQ regulation. CONCLUSION From the committee members' point of view the German PLQ has still a role to play and, despite controversy, is still regarded as a timely qualification. However, there is clear-cut evidence for local, national and international reforms in order to create equality of opportunity for the candidates and to open up suitable career options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Sorg
- Klinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Deutschland.
| | - Robert Krämer
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Brandverletztenzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Christoph Grieswald
- Klinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Deutschland
| | - Christian G G Schwab
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e. V., Witten, Deutschland; Department für Pflegewissenschaft, Fakultät für Gesundheit, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland
| | - Simon Thönnes
- Klinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Deutschland
| | - Julia M Reinke
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Vinzenzkrankenhaus, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Jörg Hauser
- Klinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Deutschland
| | - Daniel J Tilkorn
- Klinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Deutschland
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Vrignaud S, Le Pêcheur V, Jouan G, Valy S, Clerc MA. [Staff accreditation in parenteral nutrition production in hospital pharmacy]. Ann Pharm Fr 2016; 74:389-403. [PMID: 26826792 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This work aims to provide staff accreditation methodology to harmonize and secure practices for parenteral nutrition bags preparation. METHODS The methodology used in the present study is inspired from project management and quality approach. Existing training supports were used to produce accreditation procedure and evaluation supports. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We first defined abilities levels, from level 1, corresponding to accredited learning agent to level 3, corresponding to expert accredited agent. Elements assessed for accreditation are: clothing assessment either by practices audit or by microbiologic test, test bags preparation and handling assessment, bag production to assess aseptic filling for both manual or automatized method, practices audit, number of days of production, and non-conformity following. At Angers Hospital, in 2014, production staff is composed of 12 agents. Staff accreditation reveals that 2 agents achieve level 3, 8 agents achieve level 2 and 2 agents are level 1. We noted that non-conformity decreased as accreditation took place from 81 in 2009 to 0 in 2014. CONCLUSION To date, there is no incident due to parenteral bag produced by Angers hospital for neonatal resuscitation children. Such a consistent study is essential to insure a secured nutrition parenteral production. This also provides a satisfying quality care for patients.
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Steinböck S, Reichel E, Pichler S, Gutiérrez-Lobos K. Habilitations as a bottleneck? A retrospective analysis of gender differences at the Medical University of Vienna. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2015; 128:271-6. [PMID: 26659703 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-015-0909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The share of female physicians who drop out of a university career increases disproportionately with every career step. In this project, we analysed careers at the Medical University of Vienna (formerly the Medical Faculty at the University of Vienna) in the time span from 1992 to 2012 to explore the particular role of habilitations as a potential obstacle for women striving to pursue a career in science. METHODS To gain both a macro- and micro-view of the phenomenon of habilitations, a descriptive analysis of the data found in the archive of the Medical University of Vienna was carried out as a first step. Building on these results, structured interviews with the female physicians who were involved in the habilitation procedures at that time were conducted. RESULTS While hardly any gender-based differences or discrimination can be reported for the habilitation procedures themselves, the research clearly reveals that the disparity in habilitations by men and women is a manifestation of unequal access to informal networks, differences regarding integration in the scientific community and available time resources. It is unlikely that the rising number of women completing doctoral studies in the field of medicine will automatically lead to a harmonisation of habilitation numbers. CONCLUSION The analysis of existing gender-based differences with regard to habilitations in the field of medicine shows that they result from multiple processes that are subtle and relatively resistant to change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Steinböck
- Gender Mainstreaming Office, Medical University of Vienna, Rektoratsgebäude (BT 88), Ebene 2, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Reichel
- Gender Mainstreaming Office, Medical University of Vienna, Rektoratsgebäude (BT 88), Ebene 2, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Susanna Pichler
- Gender Mainstreaming Office, Medical University of Vienna, Rektoratsgebäude (BT 88), Ebene 2, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and apply a pedagogical method focusing on Empowerment, Empathy, Competence, and Counselling: the EC programme, and to present an initial evaluation. DESIGN The EC programme was gradually developed within a study circle framework and in dialogue with study circle leaders and participants (clients) with hearing impairment (HI). An evaluation was carried out with the study circle leaders. STUDY SAMPLE Seventeen upper secondary school students with HI took part in the development of the programme. Eighteen study circle leaders responded to a questionnaire. RESULTS The EC programme developed consisted of films, CD, and DVD productions to increase insight into one's own hearing ability, to demonstrate for others what HI means, strategies to evaluate situations, and help to act constructively in social situations. The study circle leaders found most of the course material appropriate and easy to use, as a whole or in parts. The leaders' evaluations indicated that the clients had increased their knowledge about how the HI affected themselves and others. The clients had improved their self-confidence and their empathic view of others. CONCLUSION The EC programme can be used in its entirety or in part. Participation may lead to increased empowerment, empathy, competence and counselling ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Borg
- Audiological Research Centre, Örebro University Hospital , Örebro , Sweden
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