1
|
Bracken RC, Richman KA, Garden R, Fischbein R, Bhambra R, Ragina N, Dawson S, Cascio A. Developing Disability-Focused Pre-Health and Health Professions Curricula. J Med Humanit 2023; 44:553-576. [PMID: 38099998 PMCID: PMC10733220 DOI: 10.1007/s10912-023-09828-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
People with disabilities (PWD) comprise a significant part of the population yet experience some of the most profound health disparities. Among the greatest barriers to quality care are inadequate health professions education related to caring for PWD. Drawing upon the expertise of health professions educators in medicine, public health, nursing, social work, and physician assistant programs, this forum showcases innovative methods for teaching core disability skills and concepts grounded in disability studies and the health humanities. Each of the essays offers practical guidance for developing curricular interventions appropriate for students at various levels of training and familiarity with disability to be implemented in classroom discussions, case-based learning, lectures, panels, and clinical simulations across the full spectrum of pre-health and health professions education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth A Richman
- Center for Health Humanities, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Fischbein
- College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Raman Bhambra
- College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Neli Ragina
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Shay Dawson
- College of Education and Human Services, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Ariel Cascio
- Center for Bioethics and Social Justice, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim H, Park D, Seomun G, Kim H, Woosnam KM, Kim BJ. Health justice and economic segregation in climate risks: Tracing vulnerability and readiness progress. Health Place 2023; 84:103113. [PMID: 37717535 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate vulnerability can make urban space unhealthy and accentuate existing health (in)justice and (economic) segregation. Drawing on the vulnerability-readiness nexus and measuring health justice (i.e., health poverty, health distribution, and health access) and economic segregation (through indices), we strive to investigate the plausible pathways of the two constructs at the heat risks. Our work, focusing on metropolitan cities in South Korea, addresses the role of heat vulnerability and readiness nexus regarding health justice and economic segregation through correlational analysis and a time-trend comparative approach between 2011 and 2015 (as five year-long effects). Our results show that potential positive links exist between health poverty as a component of health justice and economic segregation. Moreover, climate readiness, as opposed to vulnerability, plays a crucial role in reducing economic segregation in the context of health justice and heat risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kim
- School of Public Administration, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Dujin Park
- Department of Sociology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Gyu Seomun
- Department of Environmental Planning, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyewon Kim
- School of Public Administration, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Kyle Maurice Woosnam
- Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa.
| | - Bong Jik Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Heyn PC, Terhune EA, Dagne MB, Piper C, Welch VA, Francis D, Pizarro AB, Rizvi A, Sathe N, Dewidar O, Ovelman C, Duque T, Baker TA, Turner RW, Viswanathan M, Riddle D. Definitions, terminology, and related concepts of "racial health equity": a scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2023; 12:185. [PMID: 37777803 PMCID: PMC10542690 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the USA, access to quality healthcare varies greatly across racial and ethnic groups, resulting in significant health disparities. A new term, "racial health equity" (RHE), is increasingly reported in the medical literature, but there is currently no consensus definition of the term. Additionally, related terms such as "health disparities," "health inequities," and "equality" have been inconsistently used when defining RHE. METHODS The primary purpose of this scoping review is to investigate the current use and underlying concepts used to define racial health equity. The study will address two key questions: (1) "What terminology and definitions have been used to characterize RHE?" and (2) "What knowledge gaps and challenges are present in the current state of RHE research and theory?" The review will collect and analyze data from three sources: (1) websites from key national and international health organizations, (2) theoretical and narrative published articles, and (3) evidence synthesis studies addressing interventions targeting racial health equity and minority stakeholder engagement. DISCUSSION Defining "racial health equity" and related terminology is the first step to advancing racial health equity within the USA. This review aims to offer an improved understanding of RHE constructs and definitions, bringing greater unity to national racial health equity research efforts across disciplines. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/7pvzq .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C Heyn
- Center for Optimal Aging, Marymount University, 2807 N. Glebe Road, Arlington, VA, 22207, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A Terhune
- Center for Optimal Aging, Marymount University, 2807 N. Glebe Road, Arlington, VA, 22207, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Christi Piper
- Strauss Health Sciences Library, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vivian A Welch
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Damian Francis
- Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, GA, USA
| | - Ana B Pizarro
- Clinical Research Center, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| | - Anita Rizvi
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nila Sathe
- RTI International, RTI-UNC US Cochrane Affiliate, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Colleen Ovelman
- RTI International, RTI-UNC US Cochrane Affiliate, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Tamara A Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Robert W Turner
- Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Meera Viswanathan
- RTI International, RTI-UNC US Cochrane Affiliate, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dru Riddle
- Center for Translational Research, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Carrie H, Clarke PS. Letter to the Editor in response to the August 6, 2022, Editorial by Kathi J Kemper - Food as medicine: Health professionals promoting victory gardens in light of climate crisis. Complement Ther Med 2023; 73:102933. [PMID: 36828171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Carrie
- Food as Medicine Global, 13515 SW 171st Street, Vashon, WA 98070, USA.
| | - Patricia StandTal Clarke
- Food as Medicine Global, 13515 SW 171st Street, Vashon, WA 98070, USA; SheDoc Integrative Family Practice, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huq M, English S, Nagginda HP, Bonifacio J, Deivanayagam TA, Issa R, Chobhthaigh SN, Sato PDM, Mulindwa H, Devakumar D. Developing a guide to climate & health justice education: Process and content. J Clim Chang Health 2023; 9:100188. [PMID: 37588848 PMCID: PMC10425880 DOI: 10.1016/j.joclim.2022.100188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate justice and health education can address the disproportionate health impacts of climate change on minoritized communities by providing frameworks to build awareness and instigate action on climate-related health inequities. The Envisioning Environmental Equity Educator's Guide to Climate and Health Justice provides a framework for educators, activists and health professionals to lead lessons on health and climate justice that center the experiences of those Most Affected People and Areas (MAPA) by climate change. Collaborators in Brazil, the Philippines, and Uganda engaged in stakeholder meetings to assess priorities and needs about climate and health with policymakers, doctors, activists, and students. These meetings informed the product: An educator's guide to climate and health justice that explores their dynamics from an anti-racist, anti-colonial approach. The guide serves as a recommended lesson framework fit with concepts, examples, and activities for educators teaching in primary and secondary learning settings. It is an innovative climate and health justice educational resource that draws on principles of anti-colonialism, critical thinking and consciousness, and engaged pedagogy. It offers a strategy for climate justice communication that targets diverse audiences across climate, health and social contexts by promoting educational approaches that center MAPA experiences, fit for diverse audiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mita Huq
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Sonora English
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | | | - Jon Bonifacio
- Youth Advocates for Climate Action Philippines, College of Science Library, P. Velasquez Street, UP Campus, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Thilagawathi Abi Deivanayagam
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK
| | - Rita Issa
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | | | - Priscila de Morais Sato
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hans Mulindwa
- Climate Operation Ltd, Kisaasi-Kyanja Road, P.O Box 37705, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Delan Devakumar
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- M Vilar-Compte
- Department of Health, Montclair State University, University Hall 4157, 1 Normal Ave, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| | | | - A L Ruano
- University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nweke N, Isom J, Walters SF. Health Equity Tourism: Reckoning with Medical Mistrust. J Med Syst 2022; 46:27. [PMID: 35396622 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-022-01812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this editorial, we further discuss the effects that health equity tourism has had on Black, Native, and Latinx marginalized communities. We identify the consequences of the resulting medical mistrust within these communities as well as implications for data collection in research. Throughout, solutions are proposed that may eventually empower these communities to become actively engaged with the research and initiatives that influence their health outcomes, as well as improve the quality and quantity of data extracted from these communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nkemjika Nweke
- St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Perez-Brumer A, Hill D, Andrade-Romo Z, Solari K, Adams E, Logie C, Silva-Santisteban A. Vaccines for all? A rapid scoping review of COVID-19 vaccine access for Venezuelan migrants in Latin America. J Migr Health 2021; 4:100072. [PMID: 34778855 PMCID: PMC8572154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2021.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The entangled health and economic crises fueled by COVID-19 have exacerbated the challenges facing Venezuelan migrants. There are more than 5.6 million Venezuelan migrants globally and almost 80% reside throughout Latin America. Given the growing number of Venezuelan migrants and COVID-19 vulnerability, this rapid scoping review examined how Venezuelan migrants are considered in Latin American COVID-19 vaccination strategies. Material and Methods We conducted a three-phased rapid scoping review of documents published until June 18, 2021: Peer-reviewed literature search yielded 142 results and 13 articles included in analysis; Gray literature screen resulted in 68 publications for full-text review and 37 were included; and official Ministry of Health policies in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru were reviewed. Guided by Latin American Social Medicine (LASM) approach, our analysis situates national COVID-19 vaccination policies within broader understandings of health and disease as affected by social and political conditions. Results Results revealed a heterogeneous and shifting policy landscape amid the COVID-19 pandemic which strongly juxtaposed calls to action evidenced in literature. Factors limiting COVID-19 vaccine access included: tensions around terminologies; ambiguous national and regional vaccine policies; and pervasive stigmatization of migrants. Conclusions Findings presented underscore the extreme complexity and associated variability of providing access to COVID-19 vaccines for Venezuelan migrants across Latin America. By querying the timely question of how migrants and specifically Venezuelan migrants access vaccinations findings contribute to efforts to both more equitably respond to COVID-19 and prepare for future pandemics in the context of displaced populations. These are intersectional and evolving crises and attention must also be drawn to the magnitude of Venezuelan mass migration and the devastating impact of COVID-19 in the region. Integration of Venezuelan migrants into Latin American vaccination strategies is not only a matter of social justice, but also a pragmatic public health strategy necessary to stop COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Perez-Brumer
- Division of Social and Behavioural Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 5th Floor, Room 554, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - David Hill
- Division of Social and Behavioural Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 5th Floor, Room 554, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Zafiro Andrade-Romo
- Division of Social and Behavioural Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 5th Floor, Room 554, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Karla Solari
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Sexuality, AIDS and Society, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima Peru
| | - Ellithia Adams
- Division of Social and Behavioural Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 5th Floor, Room 554, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Carmen Logie
- Factor Inwentash School of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto Canada
| | - Alfonso Silva-Santisteban
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Sexuality, AIDS and Society, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima Peru
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alaran AJ, Adebisi YA, Badmos A, Khalid-Salako F, Gaya SK, Ilesanmi EB, Olaoye DQ, Bamisaiye A, Lucero-Prisno DE. Uneven power dynamics must be levelled in COVID-19 vaccines access and distribution. Public Health Pract (Oxf) 2021; 2:100096. [PMID: 33615282 PMCID: PMC7886626 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is one of the major global health threats of the 21st century, causing unprecedented humanitarian crises worldwide. Despite concerted efforts to curb the spread of the disease, the pandemic continues to strain healthcare systems globally and a safe, highly effective, and globally acceptable and equitable vaccination program, together with pre-existing precautionary measures, is essential to effectively contain the outbreak. We commented on the need to level any uneven power dynamics in COVID-19 vaccines access and distribution. The COVID-19 vaccines distribution must not allow for sovereignty which is tightly linked to historical imbalances in power and resources to result into discrimination between rich and poor countries. Poor countries must be supported in ensuring access to COVID-19 vaccines by levelling the power dynamics that perpetuate inequality and fuel inequity. We must ensure equity, fairness and transparency in COVID-19 vaccines distribution and gain public trust in COVID-19 vaccines through participatory community engagement. COVID-19 vaccines distribution and access must be equitable and not politicized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abubakar Badmos
- Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Fahd Khalid-Salako
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Sa'id Khalid Gaya
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Eckenwiler LA. A Global Ecological Ethic for Human Health Resources. J Bioeth Inq 2020; 17:575-580. [PMID: 33169247 PMCID: PMC7651803 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-020-10039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
COVID 19 has highlighted with lethal force the need to re-imagine and re-design the provisioning of human resources for health, starting from the reality of our radical interdependence and concern for global health and justice. Starting from the structured health injustice suffered by migrant workers during the pandemic and its impact on the health of others in both destination and source countries, I argue here for re-structuring the system for educating and distributing care workers around what I call a global ecological ethic. Rather than rely on a system that privileges nationalism, that is unjust, and that sustains and even worsens injustice, including health injustice, and that has profound consequences for global health, a global ecological ethic would have us see health as interdependent and aim at "ethical place-making" across health ecosystems to enable people everywhere to have the capability to be healthy.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
The inclusion of structural competency training in pre-health undergraduate programs may offer significant benefits to future healthcare professionals. This paper presents the results of a comparative study of an interdisciplinary pre-health curriculum based in structural competency with a traditional premedical curriculum. The authors describe a new evaluation tool, the Structural Foundations of Health Survey © (2016), developed to evaluate structural skills and sensibilities. The authors use the survey to evaluate two groups of graduating seniors at Vanderbilt University-majors in an interdisciplinary pre-health curriculum titled Medicine, Health, and Society (MHS), and premed science majors-with particular attention to understanding how political, cultural, economic, and social factors shape health. Results suggest that MHS majors identified and analyzed relationships between structural factors and health outcomes at higher rates and in deeper ways than did premed science majors. MHS students also demonstrated higher understanding of structural and cultural competency in their approaches to race, intersectionality, and racial health disparities. The skills that MHS students exhibited represent proficiencies increasingly emphasized by the MCAT, the AAMC, and other educational bodies that, in an era of epigenetics and social determinants, emphasize how contextual factors shape expressions of health and illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JuLeigh Petty
- Center for Medicine, Health, and Society, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Jonathan M Metzl
- Center for Medicine, Health, and Society, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mia R Keeys
- Department of Sociology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|