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O'Dowd A. NHS workforce plan for Wales: increase overseas recruitment and cut use of agency staff. BMJ 2023; 380:272. [PMID: 36731886 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.p272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Eckenwiler LA. A Global Ecological Ethic for Human Health Resources. J Bioeth Inq 2020; 17:575-580. [PMID: 33169247 PMCID: PMC7651803 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-020-10039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
COVID 19 has highlighted with lethal force the need to re-imagine and re-design the provisioning of human resources for health, starting from the reality of our radical interdependence and concern for global health and justice. Starting from the structured health injustice suffered by migrant workers during the pandemic and its impact on the health of others in both destination and source countries, I argue here for re-structuring the system for educating and distributing care workers around what I call a global ecological ethic. Rather than rely on a system that privileges nationalism, that is unjust, and that sustains and even worsens injustice, including health injustice, and that has profound consequences for global health, a global ecological ethic would have us see health as interdependent and aim at "ethical place-making" across health ecosystems to enable people everywhere to have the capability to be healthy.
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Kuhlmann E, Falkenbach M, Klasa K, Pavolini E, Ungureanu MI. Migrant carers in Europe in times of COVID-19: a call to action for European health workforce governance and a public health approach. Eur J Public Health 2020; 30:iv22-iv27. [PMID: 32894300 PMCID: PMC7499585 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study explores the situation of migrant carers in long-term care (LTC) in European Union Member States and the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic from a public health perspective. The aim is to bring LTC migrant carers into health workforce research and highlight a need for trans-sectoral and European heath workforce governance. We apply an exploratory approach based on secondary sources, document analysis and expert information. A framework comprising four major dimensions was developed for data collection and analysis: LTC system, LTC health labour market, LTC labour migration policies and specific LTC migrant carer policies during the COVID-19 crisis March to May 2020. Material from Austria, Italy, Germany, Poland and Romania was included in the study. Results suggest that undersupply of carers coupled with cash benefits and a culture of family responsibility may result in high inflows of migrant carers, who are channelled in low-level positions or the informal care sector. COVID-19 made the fragile labour market arrangements of migrant carers visible, which may create new health risks for both the individual carer and the population. Two important policy recommendations are emerging: to include LTC migrant carers more systematically in public health and health workforce research and to develop European health workforce governance which connects health system needs, health labour markets and the individual migrant carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Kuhlmann
- Clinic for Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Kasia Klasa
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Marius-Ionut Ungureanu
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babe-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Sturesson L, Öhlander M, Nilsson GH, Palmgren PJ, Stenfors T. Migrant physicians' entrance and advancement in the Swedish medical labour market: a cross-sectional study. Hum Resour Health 2019; 17:71. [PMID: 31615515 PMCID: PMC6794744 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-019-0414-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, physicians are migrating to new countries and want to practise their profession. However, they may experience difficulties doing so. To optimise and accelerate their entrance into and advancement within the Swedish healthcare system, there is an urgent need to explore how they are currently doing so, as their competences should be put to use without any unnecessary delay. The aim of the study was to explore how migrant physicians with a medical degree from outside EU/EEA enter and advance within the medical labour market in Sweden and to identify perceived barriers and facilitating aspects in the process. The empirical findings are discussed in light of Bourdieu's concept symbolic capital as adapted in the Swedish medical field. METHODS A cross-sectional study with a self-administrated questionnaire was disseminated. A sample of 498 migrant physicians were identified. Descriptive statistical analysis and qualitative thematic analysis were used to analyse the data. RESULTS The response rate was 57% (n = 283). Respondents mainly found their first positions via spontaneous job applications, during internships, while participating in an educational intervention or via personal contacts. Perceived barriers to entering and advancing within the medical field in Sweden were mainly related to having a medical degree from and/or originating from another country, which could in turn represent discrimination and/or having one's competence undervalued as a result. Facilitating aspects included having or developing contacts in Swedish healthcare and gaining proficiency or fluency in the Swedish language. CONCLUSIONS When MPs find their first positions, the contacts they have developed appear to play a role, and when advancing in their positions, the active development of a variety of contacts seems to be beneficial. MPs experience a variety of barriers to entering and advancing within the field that could be related to discrimination. Many MPs perceived having their competences undervalued due to their origin or to being educated abroad. Based on the respondents' experiences, our interpretation is that MPs as a group are hierarchically positioned lower in the Swedish medical field than physicians trained in the country. Facilitating aspects included educational interventions, having contacts and developing language skills. For optimal entry into the labour market, it is vitally important for MPs to learn the new language and obtain a job or internship in the field as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sturesson
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Öhlander
- Department of Ethnology, History of Religions and Gender Studies, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnar H. Nilsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per J. Palmgren
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Terese Stenfors
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Orcutt M, Verrecchia R, Abubakar I. The UK National Health Service regulations for overseas visitors. Lancet 2019; 394:734-735. [PMID: 31478498 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)31337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Orcutt
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Robert Verrecchia
- Centre on Global Health Security, The Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House, London, UK
| | - Ibrahim Abubakar
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Agarwal S, Nguyen DT, Lew JD, Graviss EA. Discordance between the QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube and QuantiFERON Gold Plus assays associated with country of birth TB incidence. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2019; 116S:S2-S10. [PMID: 31060960 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The new QuantiFERON Gold Plus (QFT+) assay is used for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) infection and has 2 phlebotomy methods: direct (QFT + D) and single tube transfer (QFT + T). Little data is available on how the TB incidence in the country of birth (COB) of healthcare workers (HCWs) can impact the assay results. METHODS QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube (QFT-G), QFT + D and QFT + T assays were obtained from a single blood draw and compared for HCWs annually tested for TB infection. HCWs COB was ranked as: high (≥150 per 100,000), medium (20-149), and low TB incidence (<20 TB cases). RESULTS In 265 HCWs, QFT-G/+D/+T results from medium TB incidence COB (15.6%, 16.9% and 22.1%) were more likely to be positive than high (9.7%, 11.8% and 16.1%) or low incidence COB (6.3%, 8.4% and 10.5%). Agreement between assay results for high, medium and low TB incidence COB were: 95.7%, 83.1%, and 95.8% between QFT-G/QFT + D (p = 0.003), 91.4%, 88.3% and 95.8% between QFT-G/QFT + T (p = 0.187), and 91.4%, 76.6%, and 91.6% between QFT + D/QFT + T (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION Lower agreement and a higher proportion of positivity were found in QFT-G/+D/+T results in individuals from medium TB incidence COB. QFT + may be more sensitive than QFT-G in HCWs from medium TB incidence COB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroochi Agarwal
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Duc T Nguyen
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Justin D Lew
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Edward A Graviss
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Law KMH, Te V, Hill PS. Cambodia's health professionals and the ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangements: registration, education and mobility. Hum Resour Health 2019; 17:14. [PMID: 30808347 PMCID: PMC6390362 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-019-0349-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND From 2006, the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) has been developing Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRAs) across key professions, including medicine, dentistry and nursing, that would facilitate the development of an ASEAN Economic Community, with shared regional standards and easier mobility of the workforce. This paper examines the interface between those agreements and the registration, professional education and mobility of health personnel in Cambodia. METHODS This qualitative health policy analysis combined documentary and policy review with key informant interviews with 16 representatives of agencies relevant to the development and implementation of the MRAs in health. Thematic analysis identified three themes: registration, education and mobility. RESULTS Cambodia is an active participant in the ASEAN MRA processes for doctors, dentists and nurses reporting progress annually. Education of health professionals has been increasingly formalised in the past 25 years, with nursing moving towards a 4-year bachelor degree. The private university sector has substantially increased, with English increasingly used as a language of instruction. Recent legislation provides for enforcement through fines and/or imprisonment to ensure all practising health professionals hold initial registration as a health professional and a renewable licence to practise as a health practitioner. Continuing Professional Development is a mandatory requirement for licence renewal. This is consistent with the MRA guidelines, though the capacity for enforcement appears limited. The Medical Council of Cambodia (MCC), and more recently, the Dental and Nursing Councils, have introduced continuing professional development initiatives, using them strategically as a positive reinforcer of registration. Midwifery education and registration in Cambodia does not conform with ASEAN guidelines. In education, course durations in medicine and dentistry are longer than regional counterparts, though anxiety around maintaining clinical standards has resulted in the introduction of a National Exit Examination and reluctance to abbreviate courses. The introduction of reforms appears to reference regional standards, though parity is still some way off. Mobility at present is infrequent and more likely to result from informal mechanisms than through the MRA mechanisms. CONCLUSION The Royal Government of Cambodia is committed to the ASEAN MRA process. Developments in registration appear to use regional standards as benchmarks, as do reforms in the education of health professionals, though domestic factors appear to more directly impact on developments. Informal mechanisms facilitate the limited mobility currently occurring, with little formal application of the MRA provisions evident at this point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Meng-Hsi Law
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vannarath Te
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
- Ministry of Health, National Institute of Public Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Peter S. Hill
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
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Davda LS, Gallagher JE, Radford DR. Migration motives and integration of international human resources of health in the United Kingdom: systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies using framework analysis. Hum Resour Health 2018; 16:27. [PMID: 29945616 PMCID: PMC6020357 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-018-0293-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to examine the migration motives, the barriers to and facilitators of integration of international dental graduates, compared with nurses and doctors in the United Kingdom. METHODS Electronic databases Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Knowledge and OECD publications were systematically searched for English language publications from January 2000 to January 2017. A total of 31 qualitative studies were selected and quality appraised and meta-synthesis of the qualitative data was carried out using framework synthesis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were applied to present the findings. RESULTS There were no studies on migration motives and one study on integration experiences of international dentists in the UK. The nursing literature had the highest volume and quality of evidence on nursing workforce, whilst there was limited literature on international doctors in the UK. Migration of health professionals to the UK is determined by personal and professional factors, together with source country-specific and UK drivers. Active recruitment, post graduate training and financial gain act as strong common macro, meso and micro drivers that perpetuate migration into the UK, but the extent to which each of these drivers influence nurses' and doctors' migration is different. Integration experiences for international nurses and doctors differed based on their source country experiences and the work environment they entered. Nurses reported a wider knowledge and skills gap, more multi-level discrimination and less career progression compared to the doctors. The migrants' integration experiences depend on their cultural awareness, discrimination exposure, English language and communication skills, social and professional support networks, social integration and personal attributes. CONCLUSION Migration of international health professionals is motivated by macro, meso and micro drivers at the international, national, professional and personal levels. The UK has strong common macro pull factors which attract nurses, doctors and dentists and may impact on the effectiveness of policies to restrict their migration. The integration experiences of nurses and doctors differ and further research is required to understand the integration experiences of dentists, in order to retain these professionals by tailoring policies to each of these professions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latha S. Davda
- King’s College London Dental Institute, University of Portsmouth Dental Academy, The William Beatty Building, 1 Hampshire Terrace, Portsmouth, PO1 2QG UK
| | - Jennifer E. Gallagher
- Dean for International Affairs, Newland Pedley Professor of Oral Health Strategy, King’s College London Dental Institute, Denmark Hill Campus, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9RS UK
| | - David R. Radford
- King’s College London Dental Institute, University of Portsmouth Dental Academy, The William Beatty Building, 1 Hampshire Terrace, Portsmouth, PO1 2QG UK
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Kovács R, Girasek E, Kovács E, Aszalós Z, Eke E, Ragány K, Cserháti Z, Szócska M. Managing intra-EU mobility-do WHO principles of ethical recruitment have relevance? Hum Resour Health 2017; 15:78. [PMID: 29121943 PMCID: PMC5679157 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-017-0247-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel provides for guidance in health workforce management and cooperation in the international context. This article aims to examine whether the principles of the voluntary WHO Global Code of Practice can be applied to trigger health policy decisions within the EU zone of free movement of persons. METHODS In the framework of the Joint Action on European Health Workforce Planning and Forecasting project (Grant Agreement: JA EUHWF 20122201 (see healthworkforce.eu)), focus group discussions were organised with over 30 experts representing ministries, universities and professional and international organisations. Ideas were collected about the applicability of the principles and with the aim to find EU law compatible, relevant solutions using a qualitative approach based on a standardised, semi-structured interview guide and pre-defined statements. RESULTS Based on implementation practices summarised, focus group experts concluded that positive effects of adhering to the Code can be identified and useful ideas-compatible with EU law-exist to manage intra-EU mobility. The most relevant areas for intervention include bilateral cooperations, better use of EU financial resources, improved retention and integration policies and better data flow and monitoring. Improving retention is of key importance; however, ethical considerations should also apply within the EU. Compensation of source countries can be a solution to further elaborate on when developing EU financial mechanisms. Intra-EU circular mobility might be feasible and made more transparent if directed by tailor-made, institutional-level bilateral cooperations adjusted to different groups and profiles of health professionals. Integration policies should be improved as discrimination still exists when offering jobs despite the legal environment facilitating the recognition of professional qualifications. A system of feedback on registration/licencing data should be promoted providing for more evidence on intra-EU mobility and support its management. CONCLUSIONS Workforce planning in EU Member States can be supported, and more equitable distribution of the workforce can be provided by building policy decisions on the principles of the WHO Code. Political commitment has to be strengthened in EU countries to adopt implementation solutions for intra-EU problems. Long-term benefits of respecting global principles of the Code should be better demonstrated in order to incentivise all parties to follow such long-term objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Kovács
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 2, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Edmond Girasek
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 2, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Kovács
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 2, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Aszalós
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 2, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Eke
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 2, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Ragány
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 2, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Cserháti
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 2, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Szócska
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 2, Budapest, Hungary
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Squires A. A Case Example of a Transitional Education Program for Internationally Educated Nurses from Mexico. Nurs Econ 2017; 35:30-38. [PMID: 29984950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Internationally educated nurses migrating for work in other countries help address short and long-term staffing shortage issues. A transitional educational program was designed and implemented to prepare Mexican nurses with the competencies needed to work in any clinical setting in the United States. Through an intensive, full-time, 6-month transitional education program that included a living stipend during program participation, 30 out of 67 Mexican nurse candidates passed the NCLEX-RN, an English-language competency test, and were successfully placed in a hospital setting. Several salient lessons emerged from program implementation that have implications for transitions and capacity building among internationally educated nurses.
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Abstract
This paper focuses on one global aspect of the current health sector workforce policy agenda - the international recruitment and migration of health workers. It does so primarily by using a case study of the recruitment of nurses to the UK, as a means of exploring the policy challenges and associated research questions. The paper highlights the limitations in comparing national data on the nursing workforce, illustrating the extent to which currently collated national data can present a misleading picture of staff:population ratios in different countries. It then reports on the significant growth in the numbers of nurses entering the UK from other countries, using registration data. In 2001/02, more than 16 000 nurses entered the UK nursing register from non-UK sources. In this year, for the first time, the number exceeded the number of home-trained nurses. An analysis of postcode data highlights that these non-UK nurses have a younger age profile than home-based registered nurses and are more likely to report a postcode in London and south-east England. The paper also examines the push and pull factors that contribute to the international mobility of health workers. The paper concludes by examining the policy implications of this growing reliance on international recruitment, including the effect of the ethical guidelines on international recruitment introduced by the Department of Health in England.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Buchan
- Queen Margaret University College, Edinburgh, UK
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Coalition to keep EU workers in UK. Nurs Older People 2016; 28:6. [PMID: 27682370 DOI: 10.7748/nop.28.8.6.s3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A coalition of 29 health and social care organisations has been created to ensure there are enough nurses and other workers in place when the UK withdraws from the European Union (EU).
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Ballweg R, Pedersen K, Mulitalo K. Hosting Global Visitors Seeking Information About the US Physician Assistant Career. J Physician Assist Educ 2016; 27:147-150. [PMID: 27548763 DOI: 10.1097/jpa.0000000000000086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Ballweg
- Ruth Ballweg, MPA, PA, is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington. Kathy Pedersen, MPAS, PA-C, is an assistant professor in the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Karen Mulitalo, MPAS, PA-C, is an associate professor and program director for the Division of Physician Assistant Studies at the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Timmers TK, Kortekaas E, Beyer B, Huizinga E, V Hezik van SM, Twagirayezu E, Bemelman M. Experience of collaboration between a Dutch surgical team in a Ghanaian Orthopaedic Teaching Hospital. Afr Health Sci 2016; 16:838-844. [PMID: 27917219 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v16i3.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery is an indivisible, indispensable part of healthcare. In Africa, surgery may be thought of as the neglected stepchild of global public health. We describe our experience over a 3-year period of intensive collaboration between specialized teams from a Dutch hospital and local teams of an orthopaedic hospital in Effiduase-Koforidua, Ghana. INTERVENTION During 2010-2012, medical teams from our hospital were deployed to St. Joseph's Hospital. These teams were completely self-supporting. They were encouraged to work together with the local-staff. Apart from clinical work, effort was also spent on education/ teaching operation techniques/ regional anaesthesia techniques/ scrubbing techniques/ and principles around sterility. RESULTS Knowledge and quality of care has improved. Nevertheless, the overall level of quality of care still lags behind compared to what we see in the Western world. This is mainly due to financial constraints; restricting the capacity to purchase good equipment, maintaining it, and providing regular education. CONCLUSION The relief provided by institutions like Care-to-Move is very valuable and essential to improve the level of healthcare. The hospital has evolved to such a high level that general European teams have become redundant. Focused and dedicated teams should be the next step of support within the nearby future.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Timmers
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Surgery/Trauma-surgery. P.O.-box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E Kortekaas
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Anaesthesiology
| | - Bpc Beyer
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Vital Functions and Theatre Managment
| | - E Huizinga
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Surgery/Trauma-surgery. P.O.-box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S M V Hezik van
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Vital Functions and Theatre Managment
| | - E Twagirayezu
- St. Joseph's Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Effiduase-Koforidua, Ghana
| | - M Bemelman
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Surgery/Trauma-surgery. P.O.-box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Davis MW. Challenges Faced by Foreign National Dentists. Dent Today 2016; 35:10. [PMID: 28437044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Bourgeault IL, Labonté R, Packer C, Runnels V, Tomblin Murphy G. Knowledge and potential impact of the WHO Global code of practice on the international recruitment of health personnel: Does it matter for source and destination country stakeholders? Hum Resour Health 2016; 14:25. [PMID: 27381004 PMCID: PMC4943484 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-016-0128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel was implemented in May 2010. The present commentary offers some insights into what is known about the Code five years on, as well as its potential impact, drawing from interviews with health care and policy stakeholders from a number of 'source' and 'destination' countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Lynn Bourgeault
- Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, 1 Stewart St, Ottawa, ON, K1N6N5, Canada.
| | - Ronald Labonté
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Corinne Packer
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vivien Runnels
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gail Tomblin Murphy
- WHO/PAHO Collaborating Centre Health Workforce Planning and Research, School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Tomblin Murphy G, MacKenzie A, Waysome B, Guy-Walker J, Palmer R, Elliott Rose A, Rigby J, Labonté R, Bourgeault IL. A mixed-methods study of health worker migration from Jamaica. Hum Resour Health 2016; 14:36. [PMID: 27380830 PMCID: PMC4943490 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-016-0125-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study sought to better understand the drivers of migration, its consequences, and the various strategies countries have employed to mitigate its negative impacts. The study was conducted in four countries-Jamaica, India, the Philippines, and South Africa-that have historically been 'sources' of health workers migrating to other countries. The aim of this paper is to present the findings from the Jamaica portion of the study. METHODS Data were collected using surveys of Jamaica's generalist and specialist physicians, nurses, midwives, and dental auxiliaries, as well as structured interviews with key informants representing government ministries, professional associations, regional health authorities, healthcare facilities, and educational institutions. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression models. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Multiple stakeholder engagement workshops were held across Jamaica to share and validate the study findings and discuss implications for the country. RESULTS Migration of health workers from Jamaica continues to be prevalent. Its causes are numerous, long-standing, and systemic, and are largely based around differences in living and working conditions between Jamaica and 'destination' countries. There is minimal formal tracking of health worker migration from Jamaica, making scientific analysis of its consequences difficult. Although there is evidence of numerous national and international efforts to manage and mitigate the negative impacts of migration, there is little evidence of the implementation or effectiveness of such efforts. Potential additional strategies for better managing the migration of Jamaica's health workers include the use of information systems to formally monitor migration, updating the national cadre system for employment of health personnel, ensuring existing personnel management policies, such as bonding, are both clearly understood and equitably enforced, and providing greater formal and informal recognition of health personnel. CONCLUSION Although historically common, migration of Jamaica's health workers is poorly monitored and understood. Improved management of the migration of Jamaica's health workers requires collaboration from stakeholders across multiple sectors. Indeed, participating stakeholders identified a wide range of potential strategies to better manage migration of Jamaica's health workers, the implementation and testing of which will have potential benefits to Jamaica as well as other 'source' countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Tomblin Murphy
- WHO/PAHO Collaborating Centre on Health Workforce Planning and Research, Faculty of Health Professions, Dalhousie University, 5869 University Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Adrian MacKenzie
- WHO/PAHO Collaborating Centre on Health Workforce Planning and Research, Faculty of Health Professions, Dalhousie University, 5869 University Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | | | | | | | - Annette Elliott Rose
- WHO/PAHO Collaborating Centre on Health Workforce Planning and Research, Faculty of Health Professions, Dalhousie University, 5869 University Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Janet Rigby
- WHO/PAHO Collaborating Centre on Health Workforce Planning and Research, Faculty of Health Professions, Dalhousie University, 5869 University Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Ronald Labonté
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The relevance and effectiveness of the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Personnel will be reviewed by the World Health Assembly in 2015. The origins of the Code of Practice and the global health diplomacy process before and after its adoption are analyzed herein. METHODS AND RESULTS Case studies from the European and eastern and southern African regions describe in detail successes and failures of the policy implementation of the Code. In Europe, the Code is effective and even more relevant than before, but might require some tweaking. In Eastern and Southern Africa, the code is relevant but far from efficient in mitigating the negative effects of health workforce migration. CONCLUSIONS Solutions to strengthen the Code include clarification of some of its definitions and articles, inclusion of a governance structure and asustainable and binding financing system to reimburse countries for health workforce losses due to migration, and featuring of health worker migration on global policy agendas across a range of institutional policy domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remco van de Pas
- Health Policy Unit, Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Linda Mans
- Wemos Foundation, P.O. Box 1693, 1114 AK, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giulia de Ponte
- Amref Health Africa Onlus, via Alberico II, n.4, 00193, Rome, Italy
| | - Yoswa Dambisya
- ECSA Health Community Secretariat, 157 Olorien, Njiro Road, P.O. Box 1009, Arusha, Tanzania
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Abstract
Projections indicate a global workforce shortage of approximately 4.3 million across the health professions. The need to ensure an adequate supply of health workers worldwide has created a context for the increased global migration of these professionals. The global trend in the migration of health professionals has given rise to the international recruitment industry to facilitate the passage of health workers from source to destination countries. This is particularly the case in the United States, where the majority of immigrant health professionals have come by way of the recruiting industry. This industry is largely unregulated in the United States as well as in many other countries, for which voluntary codes have been used as a means to increase transparency of the recruitment process, shape professional conduct, and mitigate harm to foreign-educated health workers. The CGFNS Alliance case study presented herein describes a multi-stakeholder effort in the United States to promote ethical recruitment practices. Such codes not only complement the WHO Global Code of Practice but are necessary to maximize the impact of these global standards on local settings. This case study offers both a historical perspective and a conceptual framework for examining the multiplicity of factors affecting the migration of human resources for health. The lessons learned provide critical insights into the factors pertaining to the relevancy and effectiveness of the WHO Code from the perspectives of both source and destination countries. This study provides a conceptual model for examining the usefulness of the WHO Code as well as how best to ensure its viability, sustainability, relevancy, and effectiveness in the global environment. This case study concludes with recommendations for evolving business models that need to be in place to strengthen the effectiveness of the WHO Code in the marketplace and to ensure its impact on the international recruitment industry in advancing ethical practices. These recommendations include using effective screening mechanisms to determine health professionals' readiness for migration as well as implementing certification processes to raise the practice standards for those directly involved in recruiting skilled workers and managing the migration flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin A Shaffer
- CGFNS International, Inc, 3600 Market Street, STE 400, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA.
| | - Mukul Bakhshi
- CGFNS International, Inc, 3600 Market Street, STE 400, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
| | - Julia To Dutka
- CGFNS International, Inc, 3600 Market Street, STE 400, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
| | - Janice Phillips
- CGFNS International, Inc, 3600 Market Street, STE 400, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
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Poppe A, Wojczewski S, Taylor K, Kutalek R, Peersman W. The views of migrant health workers living in Austria and Belgium on return migration to sub-Saharan Africa. Hum Resour Health 2016; 14:27. [PMID: 27381038 PMCID: PMC4943491 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-016-0129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The negative consequences of the brain drain of sub-Saharan African health workers for source countries are well documented and include understaffed facilities, decreased standards of care and higher workloads. However, studies suggest that, if migrated health workers eventually return to their home countries, this may lead to beneficial effects following the transfer of their acquired skills and knowledge (brain gain). The present study aims to explore the factors influencing the intentions for return migration of sub-Saharan African health workers who emigrated to Austria and Belgium, and gain further insight into the potential of circular migration. METHODS Semi-structured interviews with 27 sub-Saharan African health workers in Belgium and Austria were conducted. RESULTS As mentioned by the respondents, the main barriers for returning were family, structural crises in the source country, and insecurity. These barriers overrule the perceived drivers, which were nearly all pull factors and emotion driven. Despite the fact that only a minority plans to return permanently, many wish to return regularly to work in the healthcare sector or to contribute to the development of their source country. CONCLUSION As long as safety and structural stability cannot be guaranteed in source countries, the number of return migrants is likely to remain low. National governments and regional organizations could play a role in facilitating the engagement of migrant health workers in the development of the healthcare system in source countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelien Poppe
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Silvia Wojczewski
- Unit Ethnomedicine & International Health, Department of General Practice & Family Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katherine Taylor
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Ruth Kutalek
- Unit Ethnomedicine & International Health, Department of General Practice & Family Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wim Peersman
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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McAleese S, Clyne B, Matthews A, Brugha R, Humphries N. Gone for good? An online survey of emigrant health professionals using Facebook as a recruitment tool. Hum Resour Health 2016; 14:34. [PMID: 27381189 PMCID: PMC4943487 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-016-0130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health professionals, particularly doctors, nurses and midwives, are in high demand worldwide. Therefore, it is important to assess the future plans and likelihood of return of emigrating health professionals. Nevertheless, health professionals are, by definition, a difficult population to track/survey. This exploratory study reports on the migration intentions of a sample of doctors, nurses and midwives who had emigrated from Ireland, a high-income country which has experienced particularly high outward and inward migration of health professionals since the year 2000. METHODS Health professionals who had emigrated from Ireland were identified via snowball sampling through Facebook and invited to complete a short online survey composed of closed and open response questions. RESULTS A total of 388 health professionals (307 doctors, 73 nurses and 8 midwives) who had previously worked in Ireland completed the survey. While over half had originally intended to spend less than 5 years in their destination country at the time of emigration, these intentions changed over time, with the desire to remain abroad on a permanent basis increasing from 10 to 34 % of doctor respondents. Only a quarter of doctors and a half of nurses and midwives intended to return to practice in Ireland in the future. CONCLUSIONS The longer health professionals remain abroad, the less likely they are to return to their home countries. Countries should focus on the implementation of retention strategies if the 'carousel' of brain drain is to be interrupted. This would allow source countries to benefit from their investments in training health professionals, rather than relying on international recruitment to meet health system staffing needs. Improved data collection systems are also needed to track the migratory patterns and changing intentions of health professionals. Meanwhile, social networking platforms offer alternative methods of filling this information gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara McAleese
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Barbara Clyne
- Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne Matthews
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ruairí Brugha
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh Humphries
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
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Covell CL, Neiterman E, Bourgeault IL. Scoping review about the professional integration of internationally educated health professionals. Hum Resour Health 2016; 14:38. [PMID: 27316536 PMCID: PMC4912807 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-016-0135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last decade, Canada has been one of the top destination countries for internationally educated health professionals (IEHPs). After arrival, many struggle to professionally recertify and secure employment in their field. Considerable funding has been allocated to the development of new policies and programs to facilitate IEHPs' professional integration. Literature about the professional integration process and the available policies and programs is abundant, not synthesized and dispersed among a wide range of health professions and the academic and grey literature. This, in combination with the sustained policy relevance, contributed to the timeliness and necessity for conducting this scoping review. METHODS We used an updated version of Arskey and O'Malley's six-stage scoping review framework to summarize the amount, types, sources and distribution of the literature. Findings were summarized numerically and thematically. The themes included pre-immigration activities and programs, early arrival activities and programs, professional recertification and workplace integration. RESULTS Four hundred and seven published sources from 2000-2012 were retained for data charting and extraction. Most focused on international medical graduates or internationally educated nurses. IEHPs from the allied health professions were underrepresented. Methodologically, about one quarter of the papers are empirical studies with the next largest category being reports from professional certification bodies and educational institutions. The overarching concern is with workplace integration, professional recognition and bridging programs. Nursing dominates the literature about pre-immigration activities and programs whereas the literature about early arrival activities and programs, professional recertification and workplace integration is dominated by medicine. Although the literature does contain some information for IEHPs in the allied health professions, the thematic analysis did not identify a clear trend. A notable increase in the number of publications was present. CONCLUSIONS The literature about IEHPs' professional integration in Canada is abundant. This reflects the sustained policy relevance of the recruitment, recognition and professional integration for IEHPs in Canada. This demonstrates that Canada provides an excellent case for this review from which the findings may have international significance. Nevertheless, little information is available about the effectiveness of the policies and programs available to facilitate IEHP integration, an area that requires further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L Covell
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, 5-301, ECHA, 11405-87 Avenue, Edmonton, T6G 1C9, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Elena Neiterman
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Abstract
Rachel Wright qualified as a veterinary nurse in England and volunteered extensively in developing countries before setting up an animal hospital in Rajasthan in India.
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27
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Arif Z. Questioning overseas nurses' language skills is not helpful. Nurs Stand 2015; 30:32-33. [PMID: 26669399 DOI: 10.7748/ns.30.16.32.s39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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28
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Lintern S. Home secretary orders nurses be put on shortage occupation list. Nurs Times 2015; 111:5. [PMID: 26647604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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29
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Nursing workforce continues to grow. Nurs N Z 2015; 21:9. [PMID: 26640851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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30
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Chen Y, Wu D, Zhang W, Chen Z, Chang G, Tian S, Yang R, Liu C. [Western area surge for controlling Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Sierra Leone and evaluation of its effect]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2015; 49:888-891. [PMID: 26813721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the Western Area Surge (WAS) program in the Ebola outbreak of Sierra Leone, and to analyze its implementing effect. METHODS The subject of this study was 3,813 laboratory confirmed Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) cases reported in Sierra Leone from November 19, 2014 through January 27, 2015, a period before and after the implementation of the WAS program. To analyze and make conclusions according to the working experience of China Mobile Laboratory Reponses Team in the fight of Ebola outbreak, using WHO published EHF case definition to make diagnosis and compare the number of bed numbers, confirmed EHF cases, samples tested, and positive rates before and after implementation of WAS program. RESULTS From the implementation of WAS program on 17th December 2014 to half a month later, the total numbers of Ebola holding and treatment centers increased from 640 to 960, six additional laboratories were established. On January, 2015, another two laboratories from America and The Netherlands were established. The numbers of samples tested one month before and after WAS program were 7,891 and 9,783, respectively, with an increase of 24.0 percent, while the positive rate of Ebola virus decreased from 22.2% (1,752/7,891) to 11.0% (1,077/9,783). The positive rate of blood samples decreased from 39.6% (248/626) in the month before WAS program to 27.4% (131/478) (χ2=17.93, P<0.001) in the mother after WAS program, the positive rate of blood samples 22.7% (103/454) to 10% (62/609) (χ2=31.03, P<0.001), accordingly. After 3 weeks of WAS program, in addition to Western Area, another four hotspots in Sierra Leone had also reported a significant decrease of the numbers of confirmed EVD cases. Forty-two days after implementation of WAS program, the daily number of laboratory confirmed EHF cases decreased from 63 to 10. CONCLUSION WAS program played a vital role in controlling the EHF outbreak rapidly in Sierra Leone. It could also provide guidance for the control similar large infectious diseases outbreak in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- China Mobile Laboratory Response Team for Ebola in Sierra Leone, Freetown 999127, Sierra Leone
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31
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Kleebauer A. Trusts urge the government to let more overseas nurses into the UK. Nurs Stand 2015; 30:7. [PMID: 26373480 DOI: 10.7748/ns.30.3.7.s2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Lintern S. New overseas nurse crackdown prompts nurses to quit the NHS. Nurs Times 2015; 111:5. [PMID: 26492654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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33
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Manchester trust recruits over 250 Indian nurses. Nurs Times 2015; 111:5. [PMID: 26492655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Davies K. Our Ebola teams in Sierra Leone are up there with the bravest. Nurs Stand 2015; 29:32. [PMID: 26015131 DOI: 10.7748/ns.29.39.32.s37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
I recently had the privilege of attending a symposium at Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, organised by the director of army nursing services Colonel David Bates.
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35
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Wasswa H. Resistance mounts to Ugandan plan to "export" hundreds of medical workers. BMJ 2015; 350:h1320. [PMID: 25753089 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h1320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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36
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Moktadir J. Immigration rule changes will hit overseas nurses in the UK. Nurs Stand 2015; 29:32. [PMID: 25669810 DOI: 10.7748/ns.29.24.32.s42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Seibold C, Rolls C, Campbell M. Nurses on the move: Evaluation of a program to assist international students undertaking an accelerated Bachelor of Nursing Program. Contemp Nurse 2014; 25:63-71. [PMID: 17622990 DOI: 10.5172/conu.2007.25.1-2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on an evaluation of a Teaching and Learning Enhancement Scheme (TALES) program designed to meet the unique need of the 2005 cohort of international nursing students undertaking an accelerated Bachelor of Nursing (BN) program at the Victorian campus of Australian Catholic University (ACU) National. The program involved a team approach with three academic mentors and the international students working together to produce satisfactory learning outcomes through fortnightly meetings and provision of additional assistance including compiling a portfolio, reflective writing, English, including colloquial English and pronunciation, as well as familiarisation with handover and abbreviations common in the clinical field, general communication, assistance with preparing a resume and participation in simulated interviews. This relatively small group of international students (20) confirmed the findings of other studies from other countries of international nursing students' in terms of concerns in regard to studying in a foreign country, namely English proficiency, communication difficulties, cultural differences and unfamiliarity with the health care environment. The assistance provided by the program was identified by the completing students as invaluable in helping them settle into study and successfully complete the theoretical and clinical components of the course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Seibold
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy VIC, Australia
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38
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Lintern S. Overseas nurse influx on rise. Nurs Times 2014; 110:2-3. [PMID: 26012057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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39
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Abstract
The aims of this paper are twofold, firstly, to review the literature about the experiences of students studying abroad. Secondly, to discuss the results and the issues arising from a quality assurance project that explored the expectations and experiences of international students enrolled in a postgraduate nursing program in an Australian university. International postgraduate nursing students enrolled in either the Graduate Diploma or Master of Nursing programs were approached to participate in a quality assurance project. The open ended descriptive survey explored the participants' expectations and perceptions of their learning in the programs. The results indicated that the participants in this survey struggled not only with their English language skills, both academically and clinically but also with nursing practices and perspectives. Strategies to ameliorate the difficulties experienced by these students are discussed and include: assisting adaptation to the academic program and assessment tasks; orientation to the clinical practice setting; and preparation of culturally competent clinical facilitators who are able to support students' English language skill development. It is concluded that both academic and clinical staff need to develop structured support programs in order to smooth the progress of international postgraduate nursing students' learning and minimize aspects of cultural shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Kilstoff
- Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Health, University of Technology, Sydney NSW, Australia
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40
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Merrifield N. Overseas recruits take flight as trust loses half its new nurses. Nurs Times 2014; 110:4. [PMID: 26012040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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41
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Abstract
Professor Alan Glasper discusses the new NMC processes for the registration of nurses who have trained outside the European Economic Area, designed to enhance public protection.
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42
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Another perspective. Aust Nurs Midwifery J 2014; 21:55. [PMID: 25072096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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44
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Karlberg I. [Lack of structure and fragmentation of responsibilities makes it difficult to aquire a Swedish medical license]. Lakartidningen 2014; 111:952-953. [PMID: 24946501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Hunter
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Boston (D.J.H.); and the Institute of Medicine, Washington, DC (H.V.F.)
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46
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Abstract
While European Union (EU) trade agreement negotiations effectively make it easier for British nurses to obtain American or Canadian licences to practise, progress could be hindered by fragmented nursing regulations in North America.
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47
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48
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49
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Sansomme A. Competence test for non-EU nurses given go-ahead. Nurs Stand 2014; 28:8. [PMID: 24494867 DOI: 10.7748/ns2014.02.28.23.8.s6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Overseas nurses will face tougher testing procedures before being allowed to practise in the UK.
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50
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Yates M. Sending foreign staff back would be the 'economics of madness'. Nurs Stand 2014; 28:32. [PMID: 24422833 DOI: 10.7748/ns2014.01.28.20.32.s41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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