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Amato-Lourenço LF, Carvalho-Oliveira R, Júnior GR, Dos Santos Galvão L, Ando RA, Mauad T. Presence of airborne microplastics in human lung tissue. J Hazard Mater 2021; 416:126124. [PMID: 34492918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plastics are ubiquitously used by societies, but most of the plastic waste is deposited in landfills and in the natural environment. Their degradation into submillimetre fragments, called microplastics, is a growing concern due to potential adverse effects on the environment and human health. Microplastics are present in the air and may be inhaled by humans, but whether they have deleterious effects on the respiratory system remain unknown. In this study, we determined the presence of microplastics in human lung tissues obtained at autopsies. Polymeric particles (n = 33) and fibres (n = 4) were observed in 13 of 20 tissue samples. All polymeric particles were smaller than 5.5 µm in size, and fibres ranged from 8.12 to 16.8 µm. The most frequently determined polymers were polyethylene and polypropylene. Deleterious health outcomes may be related to the heterogeneous characteristics of these contaminants in the respiratory system following inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Fernando Amato-Lourenço
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Room 1150, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246903 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Advanced Studies (IEA) Global Cities Program, University of São Paulo, Rua da Praça do Relógio, 109, Térreo, Cidade Universitária, 05508-050 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Room 1150, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246903 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ribeiro Júnior
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Room 1150, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246903 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Dos Santos Galvão
- Chemical Analyses Laboratory, Institute for Technological Research (IPT), Avenida Prof. Almeida Prado, 532 - Butantã, 05508-901 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Augusto Ando
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (IQUSP), Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 - Butantã, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Room 1150, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246903 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Advanced Studies (IEA) Global Cities Program, University of São Paulo, Rua da Praça do Relógio, 109, Térreo, Cidade Universitária, 05508-050 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wagner R, Ayoub L, Kahnamoui S, Li H, Patel D, Liu D, Del Bigio MR, Stefanovici C, Lacher M, Keijzer R. Establishment of a biobank for human lung tissues of congenital diaphragmatic hernia and congenital pulmonary airway malformation. J Pediatr Surg 2019; 54:2439-2442. [PMID: 31130348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human tissue samples are an invaluable and little available source of information for translational studies of congenital lung diseases such as Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) or Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM). PURPOSE We aimed to establish a human lung tissue biobank of CDH and CPAM patients together with age-matched controls, coupled with a clinical database. METHODS Pathology records from autopsies or surgical specimens for CDH and CPAM cases between 1980 and 2017 were reviewed. For surviving individuals, clinical patient data was obtained from corresponding pediatric surgery reports. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of patients and age-matched controls were systematically stored for further translational studies. RNA integrity was determined on selected CDH blocks. RESULTS A total of 16 CDH and 18 CPAM and age-matched control lung tissue blocks were included in our biobank. Ages ranged from 22 to 41 weeks of gestation (GA) in CDH (33.9 ± 6.35 weeks) and 26 weeks (GA) and 12 years in CPAM (2.3 ± 3.7 y). RNA isolation from CDH and control blocks yielded good RNA quality (OD 260/280 ratio: 2.01-2.09, OD 260/230 ratio: 2.04-2.09). CONCLUSION We established a unique human biobank for CDH and CPAM tissues. The combination with clinical patient data will allow us to design future translational studies to improve our understanding of the disease pathogenesis of these congenital malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Wagner
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics & Child Health and Physiology & Pathophysiology (Adjunct), University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lojine Ayoub
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics & Child Health and Physiology & Pathophysiology (Adjunct), University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shana Kahnamoui
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics & Child Health and Physiology & Pathophysiology (Adjunct), University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Henry Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics & Child Health and Physiology & Pathophysiology (Adjunct), University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Daywin Patel
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics & Child Health and Physiology & Pathophysiology (Adjunct), University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Daisy Liu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics & Child Health and Physiology & Pathophysiology (Adjunct), University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Marc R Del Bigio
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, and Shared Services Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Camelia Stefanovici
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, and Shared Services Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Martin Lacher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Richard Keijzer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics & Child Health and Physiology & Pathophysiology (Adjunct), University of Manitoba and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Biology of Breathing Theme, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Berg T, Hegelund-Myrbäck T, Öckinger J, Zhou XH, Brännström M, Hagemann-Jensen M, Werkström V, Seidegård J, Grunewald J, Nord M, Gustavsson L. Expression of MATE1, P-gp, OCTN1 and OCTN2, in epithelial and immune cells in the lung of COPD and healthy individuals. Respir Res 2018; 19:68. [PMID: 29678179 PMCID: PMC5910606 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0760-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several inhaled drugs are dependent on organic cation transporters to cross cell membranes. To further evaluate their potential to impact on inhaled drug disposition, the localization of MATE1, P-gp, OCTN1 and OCTN2 were investigated in human lung. Methods Transporter proteins were analysed by immunohistochemistry in lung tissue from healthy subjects and COPD patients. Transporter mRNA was analysed by qPCR in lung tissue and in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from smokers and non-smokers. Results We demonstrate for the first time MATE1 protein expression in the lung with localization to the apical side of bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells. Interestingly, MATE1 was strongly expressed in alveolar macrophages as demonstrated both in lung tissue and in BAL cells, and in inflammatory cells including CD3 positive T cells. P-gp, OCTN1 and OCTN2 were also expressed in the alveolar epithelial cells and in inflammatory cells including alveolar macrophages. In BAL cells from smokers, MATE1 and P-gp mRNA expression was significantly lower compared to cells from non-smokers whereas no difference was observed between COPD patients and healthy subjects. THP-1 cells were evaluated as a model for alveolar macrophages but did not reflect the transporter expression observed in BAL cells. Conclusions We conclude that MATE1, P-gp, OCTN1 and OCTN2 are expressed in pulmonary lung epithelium, in alveolar macrophages and in other inflammatory cells. This is important to consider in the development of drugs treating pulmonary disease as the transporters may impact drug disposition in the lung and consequently affect pharmacological efficacy and toxicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-018-0760-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tove Berg
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tove Hegelund-Myrbäck
- Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Johan Öckinger
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhou
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie Brännström
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael Hagemann-Jensen
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Viktoria Werkström
- Respiratory GMed, Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Janeric Seidegård
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Grunewald
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Nord
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Global Patient Safety, Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Gustavsson
- Department of Drug Metabolism, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500, Valby, Denmark
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