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Sun M, Zhan H, Long X, Alsayed AM, Wang Z, Meng F, Wang G, Mao J, Liao Z, Chen M. Dehydrocostus lactone alleviates irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis by blocking TLR4/MD2 complex formation. Phytomedicine 2024; 128:155371. [PMID: 38518649 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irinotecan (CPT-11) is used as chemotherapeutic drug for treatment of colorectal cancer. However, without satisfactory treatments, its gastrointestinal toxicities such as diarrhea and intestinal inflammation severely restrained its clinical application. Roots of Aucklandia lappa Decne. are used as traditional Chinese medicine to relieve gastrointestinal dysfunction and dehydrocostus lactone (DHL) is one of its main active components. Nevertheless, the efficacy and mechanism of DHL against intestinal mucositis remains unclear. PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of DHL on CPT-11-induced intestinal mucositis and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The protective effect of DHL was investigated in CPT-11-induced mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+CPT-11 induced THP-1 macrophages. Body weight, diarrhea score, survival rate, colon length, and histopathological changes in mice colon and jejunum were analyzed to evaluate the protective effect of DHL in vivo. And DHL on reducing inflammatory response and regulating TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in vivo and in vitro were explored. Moreover, DHL on the interaction between TLR4 and MD2 was investigated. And silencing TLR4 targeted by siRNA was performed to validate the mechanisms of DHL on regulating the inflammation. RESULTS DHL prevented CPT-11-induced intestinal damage, represented by reducing weight loss, diarrhea score, mortality rate and the shortening of the colon. Histological analysis confirmed that DHL prevented intestinal epithelial injury and improved the intestinal barrier function in CPT-11 induced mice. Besides, DHL significantly downregulated the level of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in CPT-11-induced mice and LPS+CPT-11-induced THP-1 macrophages. In addition, DHL blocked TLR4/MD2 complex formation. Molecular docking combined with SIP and DARTS assay showed that DHL could bind to TLR4/MD2 and occludes the hydrophobic pocket of MD2. Furthermore, Silencing TLR4 abrogated the effect of DHL on LPS+CPT-11 induced inflammatory response in THP-1 macrophages. Additionally, DHL ameliorate the CPT-11-induced intestinal mucositis without affecting the anti-tumor efficacy of CPT-11 in the tumor xenograft mice. CONCLUSION This study found that DHL exhibited the anti-inflammatory effects in CPT-11-induced intestinal mucositis by inhibiting the formation of TLR4/MD2 complex and then regulation of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. DHL is potentially served as a novel strategy of combined medication with CPT-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Honghong Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoliang Long
- School of Life Sciences, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City and Southwest University, TAAHC-SWU Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ali M Alsayed
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fancheng Meng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jingxin Mao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhihua Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China.
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Monteiro CEDS, de Cerqueira Fiorio B, Silva FGO, de Fathima Felipe de Souza M, Franco ÁX, Lima MADS, Sales TMAL, Mendes TS, Havt A, Barbosa ALR, Resende ÂC, de Moura RS, de Souza MHLP, Soares PMG. A polyphenol-rich açaí seed extract protects against 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in mice through the TLR-4/MyD88/PI3K/mTOR/NF-κBp65 signaling pathway. Nutr Res 2024; 125:1-15. [PMID: 38428258 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Açaí seed extract (ASE) is obtained from Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) plant (Amazon region) has high nutritional and functional value. ASE is rich in polyphenolic compounds, mainly proanthocyanidins. Proanthocyanidins can modulate the immune system and oxidative stress by inhibiting the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. A great deal of evidence suggests that inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of intestinal mucositis, and these events can lead to intestinal dysmotility. We hypothesized that ASE acts as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound in intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) through modulation of the TLR-4/MyD88/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase α/mechanistic target of rapamycin/NF-κBp65 pathway. The animals were divided into linear 5-FU (450 mg/kg) and 5-FU + ASE (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) groups. The weight loss of the animals was evaluated daily. Samples from duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were obtained for histopathological, biochemical, and functional analyses. ASE reduced weight loss, inflammatory parameters (interleukin-1β; tumor necrosis factor-α; myeloperoxidase activity) and the gene expression of mediators involved in the TLR-2/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. ASE prevented histopathological changes with beneficial effects on gastrointestinal transit delay, gastric emptying, and intestinal absorption/permeability. In conclusion, ASE protects the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier by inhibiting the TLR/MyD88/PI3K/mechanistic target of rapamycin/NF-κBp65 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo da Silva Monteiro
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Cerqueira Fiorio
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisca Géssica Oliveira Silva
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fathima Felipe de Souza
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Xavier Franco
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Marcos Aurélio de Sousa Lima
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Thiago Meneses Araujo Leite Sales
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Tiago Santos Mendes
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Havt
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxinology, LTM, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Reis Barbosa
- LAFFEX- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Parnaiba Delta Federal University (UFDPAR), Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Ângela Castro Resende
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Marcos Gomes Soares
- LEFFAG- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Souza RO, Miranda VC, Quintanilha MF, Gallotti B, Oliveira SRM, Silva JL, Alvarez-Leite JI, Jesus LCL, Azevedo V, Vital KD, Fernandes SOA, Cardoso VN, Ferreira E, Nicoli JR, Martins FS. Evaluation of the Treatment with Akkermansia muciniphila BAA-835 of Chemotherapy-induced Mucositis in Mice. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:275-292. [PMID: 36652108 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mucositis is a high-incidence side effect in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Next-generation probiotics are emerging as new therapeutic tools for managing various disorders. Studies have demonstrated the potential of Akkermansia muciniphila to increase the efficiency of anticancer treatment and to mitigate mucositis. Due to the beneficial effect of A. muciniphila on the host, we evaluated the dose-response, the microorganism viability, and the treatment protocol of A. muciniphila BAA-835 in a murine model of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Female Balb/c mice were divided into groups that received either sterile 0.9% saline or A. muciniphila by gavage. Mucositis was induced using a single intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil. The animals were euthanized three days after the induction of mucositis, and tissue and blood were collected for analysis. Prevention of weight loss and small intestine shortening and reduction of neutrophil and eosinophil influx were observed when animals were pretreated with viable A. muciniphila at 1010 colony-forming units per mL (CFU/mL). The A. muciniphila improved mucosal damage by preserving tissue architecture and increasing villus height and goblet cell number. It also improved the integrity of the epithelial barrier, decreasing intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation. In addition, the treatment prevented the expansion of Enterobacteriaceae. The immunological parameters were also improved by decreasing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL6, IL1β, and TNF) and increasing IL10. In conclusion, pretreatment with 1010 CFU/mL of viable A. muciniphila effectively controlled inflammation, protected the intestinal mucosa and the epithelial barrier, and prevented Enterobacteriaceae expansion in treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon O Souza
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vivian C Miranda
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mônica F Quintanilha
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gallotti
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Samantha R M Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Janayne L Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica E Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline I Alvarez-Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica E Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luís C L Jesus
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia E Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia E Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Kátia D Vital
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas E Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone O A Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas E Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Valbert N Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas E Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Enio Ferreira
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacques R Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flaviano S Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Chu W, Li YL, Li JJ, Lin J, Li M, Wang J, He JZ, Zhang YM, Yao J, Jin XJ, Cai H, Liu YQ. Guiqi Baizhu prescription ameliorates cytarabine-induced intestinal mucositis by targeting JAK2 to inhibit M1 macrophage polarization. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114902. [PMID: 37209628 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal mucositis (IM) is characterized by damage to the intestinal mucosa resulting from inhibition of epithelial cell division and loss of renewal capacity following anticancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Cytarabine (Ara-C), the main chemotherapy drug for the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma, is a frequent cause of IM. Guiqi Baizhu prescription (GQBZP) is a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. PURPOSE To determine if GQBZP can ameliorate Ara-C induced IM and identify and characterize the pharmacologic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS IM was induced in mice with Ara-C and concurrently treated with orally administered GQBZP. Body weight and food intake was monitored, with HE staining to calculate ileal histomorphometric scoring and villus length/crypt depth. Immunoblotting was used to detect intestinal tissue inflammatory factors. M1 macrophages (M1) were labeled with CD86 by flow cytometry and iNOS + F4/80 by immunofluorescence. Virtual screening was used to find potentially active compounds in GQBZP that targeted JAK2. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were skewed to M1 macrophage polarization by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (INF-γ) and treated orally with GQBZP or potential active compounds. M1 was labeled with CD86 by flow cytometry and iNOS by immunofluorescence. ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factor expression. Active compounds against JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT1 and p-STAT1 were identified by western blotting and HCS fluorescence. Molecular dynamics simulations and pharmacokinetic predictions were carried out on representative active compounds. RESULTS Experimental results with mice in vivo suggest that GQBZP significantly attenuated Ara-C-induced ileal damage and release of pro-inflammatory factors by inhibiting macrophage polarization to M1. Molecular docking was used to identify potentially active compounds in GQBZP that targeted JAK2, a key factor in macrophage polarization to M1. By examining the main components of each herb and applying Lipinski's rules, ten potentially active compounds were identified. In vitro experimental results suggested that all 10 compounds of GQBZP targeted JAK2 and could inhibit M1 polarization in RAW264.7 cells treated with LPS and INF-γ. Among them, acridine and senkyunolide A down-regulated the expression of JAK2 and STAT1. MD simulations revealed that acridine and senkyunolide A were stable in the active site of JAK2 and exhibited good interactions with the surrounding amino acids. CONCLUSIONS GQBZP can ameliorate Ara-C-induced IM by reducing macrophage polarization to M1, and acridine and senkyunolide A are representative active compounds in GQBZP that target JAK2 to inhibit M1 polarization. Targeting JAK2 to regulate M1 polarization may be a valuable therapeutic strategy for IM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chu
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ling Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Dun Huang Medical and Transformation, Ministry of Education of The People's Republic of China, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Jun-Jie Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Jia Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Mi Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Zheng He
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue-Mei Zhang
- Ophthalmology Department, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Juan Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Jin
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China; College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China.
| | - Hui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 730000 Lanzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 730000 Lanzhou, China.
| | - Yong-Qi Liu
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Dun Huang Medical and Transformation, Ministry of Education of The People's Republic of China, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 730000 Lanzhou, China.
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Li P, Xiao X, Gong J, Zhang X, Cai K, Liang R, Wang D, Chen Y, Chen H, Xie Z, Liao Q. Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth granule revealed a positive effect on improving intestinal barrier function and fecal microbiota in mice with irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:179. [PMID: 37029820 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth (PCB), a medicinal and edible homologous Chinese herb, has a protective effect on the structure and function of intestine. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of PCB granule (PCBG) on the improvement of irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis and the regulation of intestinal microorganisms in mice. Our results demonstrated that PCBG supplementation significantly improved diarrhea symptoms caused by irinotecan, as evidenced by inhibiting weight loss, reversing intestinal atrophy, protecting against splenomegaly and balancing oxidative stress. Furthermore, compared with the model group, PCBG restored the intestinal morphology and improved intestinal barrier dysfunction by promoting the expression of tight junction proteins and mucin. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that PCBG improved the flora disorder caused by irinotecan and regulated microbial community structure, such as decreasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides as well as increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. Meanwhile, the disordered microbial functions in intestinal mucositis mice were recovered more closely to the controls by PCBG. Finally, we found that a robust correlation between the specific microbiota and intestinal mucositis-related index. In summary, these findings revealed the beneficial effects of PCBG on the intestinal barrier and gut microbiota of irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis, which may be one of the potential strategies to reduce the clinical side effects of irinotecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xingyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kaiwei Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rongyao Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Yanlong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongying Chen
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Mingxing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510250, China
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518106, China
| | - Qiongfeng Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Li JJ, Li YL, Chu W, Li GQ, Zhang M, Dong JJ, Li L, Li CH, Zhang JB, Li JW, Jin XJ, Liu YQ. Astragaloside IV alleviates cytarabine-induced intestinal mucositis by remodeling macrophage polarization through AKT signaling. Phytomedicine 2023; 109:154605. [PMID: 36610133 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal mucositis (IM) is one of the common side effects of chemotherapy with Cytarabine (Ara-C) and contributes to the major dose-limiting factor of chemotherapy, while the effective drug for IM is little. Astragalus, one of the main active components extrated from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus (AS-IV), is a common Chinese herbal medicine used in gastrointestinal diseases. However, the effect and mechanism of AS-IV on IM is unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that M1 macrophages play a pivotal role in IM progression. PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to explore the protection of AS-IV and its potential molecular mechanism on intestinal mucositis injury induced by Ara-C. METHOD The protective effect of AS-IV was investigated in LPS-induced macrophages and Ara-C-induced intestinal mucositis mouse model. H&E, immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to evaluate the damage in different doses of Ara-C. Silencing AKT targeted by siRNA was performed to explore the potential mechanisms regulating macrophage polarization effect of Ara-C, which was investigated by CCK-8, immunofluorescence and western blotting. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect macrophage surface marker proteins and inflammatory genes to explore the potential molecular mechanism of AS-IV regulating macrophage polarization. RESULTS The Cytarabine intervention at dose of 100mg/kg significantly induced IM in mice, with the ileum the most obvious site of injury, accompanied by decreased intestinal barrier, intestinal macrophage polarization to M1 and inflammation response. The administration of AS-IV improved weight loss, food intake, ileal morphological damage, intestinal barrier destruction and inflammatory factor release in mice induced by Ara-c, and also suppressed macrophage polarization to M1, regulating in phenotypic changes in macrophages. In vitro, the expression of M1 macrophage surface marker protein was markedly decreased in LPS-induced macrophages after silencing AKT. Similarly, the western blotting of intestinal tissues and molecular docking indicated that the key mechanisms of AS-IV were remodel AKT signaling, and finally regulating M1 macrophages and decrease inflammation response. CONCLUSION Our study highlights that AS-IV exerts protective effect in Ara-C-induced IM through inhibit polarization to M1 macrophages based on AKT, and AS-IV may serve as a novel AKT inhibitor to counteract the intestinal adverse effects of chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ling Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Chu
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gao-Qin Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juan-Juan Dong
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin-Bao Zhang
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jia-Wei Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Jin
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qi Liu
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Dun Huang Medical and Transformation, Ministry of Education of The People's Republic of China, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.
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Chen KJ, Huang YL, Kuo LM, Chen YT, Hung CF, Hsieh PW. Protective role of casuarinin from Melastoma malabathricum against a mouse model of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis: Impact on inflammation and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Phytomedicine 2022; 101:154092. [PMID: 35430483 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis (FUIIM) is a common gastrointestinal side effect of chemotherapy, leading to gastric pain in clinical cancer patients. In a previous study, we demonstrated that neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitors could alleviate FUIIM and manipulate the homeostasis of the gut microbiota. The root of Melastoma malabathricum, also called Ye-Mu-Dan, has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for gastrointestinal disease. Water extract of the roots of M. malabathricum exhibits an inhibitory effect on NE, with an IC50 value of 9.13 μg/ml. PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to isolate an anti-NE compound from the root of M. malabathricum and to determine the protective effect of the bioactive component on a mouse model of FUIIM with respect to tissue damage, inflammation, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. METHODS A water extract of the roots of M. malabathricum was prepared and its major bioactive compound, was identified using bioactivity-guided fractionation. The effects of samples on the inhibition of NE activity were evaluated using enzymatic assays. To evaluate the effects of the bioactive compound in an FUIIM animal model, male C57BL/6 mice treated with or without casuarinin (50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.), and then received of 5-fluorouracil (50 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 5 days to induce FUIIM. Histopathological staining was used to monitor the tissue damage, proliferation of intestinal crypts, and expression of tight junction proteins. The inflammation score was estimated by determining the levels of oxidative stress, neutrophil-related proteases, and proinflammatory cytokines in tissue and serum. The ecology of the gut microbiota was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Casuarinin had the most potent and selective effect against NE, with an IC50 value of 2.79 ± 0.07 μM. Casuarinin (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) significantly improved 5-FU-induced body weight loss together with food intake reduction, and it also significantly reversed villus atrophy, restored the proliferative activity of the intestinal crypts, and suppressed inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction in the mouse model of FUIIM. Casuarinin also reversed 5-FU-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, particularly the abundance of Actinobacteria, Candidatus Arthromitus, and Lactobacillus murinus, and the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio. CONCLUSION This study firstly showed that casuarinin isolated from the root part of M. malabathricum could be used as a NE inhibitor, whereas it could improve FUIIM by modulating inflammation, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. In summary, exploring anti-NE natural product may provide a way to find candidate for improvement of FUIIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kung-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Huang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Mou Kuo
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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8
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do Carmo LD, de Fátima Pinheiro Rangel G, Rabelo LMA, de Fátima Goebel de Souza T, Júnior RCPL, Wong DVT, de Carvalho Leitão RF, da Silva AAV, Magalhães PJC, Costa AS, de Carvalho Oliveira Campos D, de Alencar NMN, de Oliveira HD. Therapeutic effects of a lipid transfer protein isolated from Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) seeds on irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022. [PMID: 35776167 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the activity of a lipid transfer protein isolated from Morinda citrifolia L. seeds, McLTP1, on the development of intestinal mucositis following irinotecan administration. McLTP1 (0.5, 2, and 8 mg/kg, i.v.) was injected into mice 1h before irinotecan administration (75 mg/kg, i.p.; 4 days), and then for additional 6 days. Seven days after the first dose of irinotecan, diarrhea was assessed, and the intestine was removed for histological evaluation, assessment of intestinal over-contractility, measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO), proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine (IL-1, IL-6, and KC levels - a murine homolog of human IL-8 chemokine), analysis of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. At the two highest doses, McLTP1 administration decreased mortality and diarrhea. McLTP1 (8 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly prevented irinotecan-induced intestinal damage and led to a reduction in over-contractility of the intestinal muscle (p < 0.05). Moreover, McLTP1 decreased the MPO, IL-1β, IL-6, and KC levels by 74.7%, 42%, 92.9%, and 95.9%, respectively. Also, the expression of COX-2, NF-κB, and iNOS was reduced. Our study provides a potential new therapeutic for preventing irinotecan-induced mucositis, improved clinical parameters, and reduced inflammation.
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Shi P, Zhao T, Wang W, Peng F, Wang T, Jia Y, Zou L, Wang P, Yang S, Fan Y, Zong J, Qu X, Wang S. Protective effect of homogeneous polysaccharides of Wuguchong (HPW) on intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in mice. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:36. [PMID: 35585561 PMCID: PMC9118848 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In hospitalized patients, drug side effects usually trigger intestinal mucositis (IM), which in turn damages intestinal absorption and reduces the efficacy of treatment. It has been discovered that natural polysaccharides can relieve IM. In this study, we extracted and purified homogenous polysaccharides of Wuguchong (HPW), a traditional Chinese medicine, and explored the protective effect of HPW on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced IM. METHODS AND RESULTS First, we identified the physical and chemical properties of the extracted homogeneous polysaccharides. The molecular weight of HPW was 616 kDa, and it was composed of 14 monosaccharides. Then, a model of small IM induced by 5-FU (50 mg/kg) was established in mice to explore the effect and mechanism of HPW. The results showed that HPW effectively increased histological indicators such as villus height, crypt depth and goblet cell count. Moreover, HPW relieved intestinal barrier indicators such as D-Lac and diamine oxidase (DAO). Subsequently, western blotting was used to measure the expression of Claudin-1, Occludin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and inflammatory proteins such as NF-κB (P65), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and COX-2. The results also indicated that HPW could reduce inflammation and protect the barrier at the molecular level. Finally, we investigated the influence of HPW on the levels of short-chain fatty acids, a metabolite of intestinal flora, in the faeces of mice. CONCLUSIONS HPW, which is a bioactive polysaccharide derived from insects, has protective effects on the intestinal mucosa, can relieve intestinal inflammation caused by drug side effects, and deserves further development and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China.,College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 South Lushun Road West, Dalian, China
| | - Tianqi Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China.,College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 South Lushun Road West, Dalian, China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second People's Hospital of Dalian, 29 Hongji Street, Dalian, China
| | - Fangli Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China.,College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 South Lushun Road West, Dalian, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China.,College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 South Lushun Road West, Dalian, China
| | - Yong Jia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China.,College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 South Lushun Road West, Dalian, China
| | - Linxuan Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China.,Dalian Runxi Technology Development Co., Ltd, 3 Jinxia Street, Dalian, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China.,College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 South Lushun Road West, Dalian, China
| | - Simengge Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China
| | - Junwei Zong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China. .,College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 South Lushun Road West, Dalian, China.
| | - Xueling Qu
- Pelvic Floor Repair Centre, The Affiliated Dalian Maternity Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 1 Dunhuang Road, Dalian, China. .,Pelvic Floor Repair Centre, Dalian Women and Children Medical Centre (Group), No. 1 Road of Sports New Town, Dalian, China.
| | - Shouyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, China. .,College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 South Lushun Road West, Dalian, China.
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Ávila TV, Menezes-Garcia Z, do Nascimento Arifa RD, Soriani FM, Machado ADMV, Teixeira MM, Fagundes CT, Souza DG. Mitochondrial DNA as a Possible Ligand for TLR9 in Irinotecan-induced Small Intestinal Mucositis. Immunol Invest 2022; 51:1756-1771. [PMID: 35152824 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2026379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy may result in mucositis characterized by stem cell damage and inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. The molecular mechanisms underlying this pathology remain unknown. Based on the assumption that mitochondrial CPG-DNA (mtDNA) released and sensed by TLR9 could underlie mucositis pathology, we analyzed the mtDNA levels in sera as well as inflammatory and disease parameters in the small intestine from wild-type (WT) and TLR9-deficient mice (TLR9-/-) in an experimental model of intestinal mucositis induced by irinotecan. Additionally, we verified the ability of WT and TLR9-/- macrophages to respond to CpG-DNA in vitro. WT mice injected with irinotecan presented a progressive increase in mtDNA in the serum along with increased hematocrit, shortening of small intestine length, reduction of intestinal villus:crypt ratio and increased influx of neutrophils, which were followed by higher expression of Nlrp3 and Casp1 mRNA and increased IL-1β levels in the ileum when compared to vehicle-injected mice. TLR9-deficient mice were protected in all these parameters when compared to WT mice. Furthermore, TLR9 was required for the production of IL-1β and NO after macrophage stimulation with CpG-DNA. Overall, our findings show that the amount of circulating free CpG-DNA is increased upon chemotherapy and that TLR9 activation is important for NLRP3 inflammasome transcription and further IL-1β release, playing a central role in the development of irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis. We suggest that TLR9 antagonism may be a new therapeutic strategy for limiting irinotecan-induced intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Vinicius Ávila
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Zélia Menezes-Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Raquel Duque do Nascimento Arifa
- Laboratório de Interação Microorganismo-Hospedeiro, Department de Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Caio Tavares Fagundes
- Laboratório de Interação Microorganismo-Hospedeiro, Department de Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniele G Souza
- Laboratório de Interação Microorganismo-Hospedeiro, Department de Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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11
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Lang W, Cheng M, Zheng X, Zhao Y, Qu Y, Jia Z, Gong H, Ali I, Tang J, Zhang H. Forsythiaside A alleviates methotrexate-induced intestinal mucositis in rats by modulating the NLRP3 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 103:108466. [PMID: 34933162 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Most chemotherapeutic drugs can kill the tumor cells, but also cause a vast damage to body, such as intestinal mucositis (IM). The present study was design to find out the effect of Forsythiaside A (FTA) on chemotherapeutic-induced IM in rats. Briefly, for 3 consecutive days, male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 7 mg / kg methotrexate (MTX) to establish IM and simultaneously administered with 40 or 80 mg / kg FTA for 7 days. Our results showed that the final body weight and daily food intake were increased, and the disease activity index was reduced in the MTX group after FTA treatment. The MTX group showed the pathological alterations like the inflammatory cells infiltration, the mucosal layer destruction, glands expansion, intestinal villi structure disorder and goblet cells reduction, while we found that 80 mg / kg FTA treatment displayed evident reversal effects. ELISA further suggested that TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-18 levels in serum in MTX-induced rats were reduced after 80 mg / kg FTA treatment. Moreover, FTA decreased the number of leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes in peripheral blood. Western blot and immunofluorescence results indicated that the expression levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase 1, cleaved IL-1β and CD68 positive rate were down-regulated in MTX-induced rats after 80 mg / kg FTA intervention. The findings of the current study suggested that FTA effectively inhibited MTX-induced IM in rats by attenuating the activation of the NLRP3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuying Lang
- College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China; Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources Co. Ltd, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China; Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources Co. Ltd, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun, China
| | - Yongping Zhao
- College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China; Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources Co. Ltd, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China
| | - Yunlong Qu
- College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China; Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources Co. Ltd, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China
| | - Zhao Jia
- College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China; Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources Co. Ltd, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China
| | - Haizhou Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun, China
| | - Ihsan Ali
- College of veterinary science faculty of animal husbandry and veterinary science, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Jingwen Tang
- College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Beixin Street 10, Shangluo, China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Specialty Animal Germplasm Resources Exploration and Innovation (under planning), College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, No. 360 Hebei Street, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
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12
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Deng S, Wu D, Li L, Li J, Xu Y. TBHQ attenuates ferroptosis against 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury and intestinal mucositis via activation of Nrf2. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:48. [PMID: 34794379 PMCID: PMC8600870 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal mucositis is a common side effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Very few drugs can efficiently ameliorate it. Tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is a widely used food preservative with known immunomodulatory activity. Whether it has an effect on intestinal mucositis remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanism of action of TBHQ on 5-fluorouracil-induced (5-FU-induced) human intestinal epithelial cell (HIEC) injury and intestinal mucositis in mice. METHODS We established a cell model of HIEC injury and a mouse model of intestinal mucositis via treatment with 5-FU. Cell death, Cell Counting Kit-8, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release were assessed for the HIECs. Diarrhea, body weight, intestinal length, mucosal damage, and the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, glutathione, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde were determined for the mice. Additionally, we performed immunohistochemical analysis, immunofluorescence, western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, and ELISA to examine the effects of TBHQ. Finally, HIECs were transfected with an Nrf2 gene silencer to verify its role in ferroptosis. All data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance or paired t-tests. RESULTS TBHQ markedly decreased LDH release and cell death and improved the proliferative ability of 5-FU-treated HIECs. The TBHQ-treated mice showed reduced weight loss, a lower diarrhea score, and longer colons than the 5-FU-treated mice. The in vivo expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were suppressed by TBHQ treatment. Ferroptosis was shown to be involved in 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis, and TBHQ markedly hampered its activation. Mechanistically, TBHQ activated Nrf2 effectively and selective Nrf2 knockdown significantly reduced the anti-ferroptotic functions of TBHQ in 5-FU-treated HIECs. CONCLUSIONS TBHQ attenuates ferroptosis in 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis, making it a potential novel protective agent against intestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Deng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongming Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China. .,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China. .,School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Boeing T, Speca S, de Souza P, Mena AM, Bertin B, Desreumax P, Mota da Silva L, Faloni de Andrade S, Dubuqoy L. The PPARγ-dependent effect of flavonoid luteolin against damage induced by the chemotherapeutic irinotecan in human intestinal cells. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 351:109712. [PMID: 34699766 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Irinotecan (CPT-11) is one of the main agents used to treat colorectal cancer; unfortunately, it is associated with increased intestinal mucositis developing. Luteolin has been shown to prevent damage induced by this chemotherapeutic in mice; thus, in this research, we have investigated luteolin's action mechanism in human intestinal epithelial cells. The potential of luteolin in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress induced by irinotecan in Caco-2 cells was evaluated by PCR through mRNA expression of inflammatory and oxidative genes and by ELISA at the protein level. To assess whether luteolin's ability to control irinotecan-induced damage occurs in a PPARγ dependent manner, experiments were performed on PPARγ downregulated cells. Irinotecan downregulated PPARγ expression and upregulated inflammatory and oxidative genes, while luteolin upregulated PPARγ, HO-1, SOD and decreased expression of IL-1β and iNOS. Interestingly, when the cells were co-stimulated with luteolin and irinotecan, the flavonoid reversed the inflammation and oxidative imbalance evoked by the chemotherapeutic. However, when these experiments were performed in cells downregulated for PPARγ, luteolin lost the capacity to increase PPARγ and reverse the effect of irinotecan in all tested genes, except by IL-1β. The present study showed that the protective effect of luteolin against irinotecan is PPARγ dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaise Boeing
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Nucleus for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigations (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí-SC, Brazil; Université Lille 2, CHRU de Lille, Inserm, Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), U995, Lille, France.
| | - Silvia Speca
- Université Lille 2, CHRU de Lille, Inserm, Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), U995, Lille, France
| | - Priscila de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Nucleus for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigations (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí-SC, Brazil
| | - Anthony Martin Mena
- Université Lille 2, CHRU de Lille, Inserm, Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), U995, Lille, France
| | - Benjamin Bertin
- Université Lille 2, CHRU de Lille, Inserm, Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), U995, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Desreumax
- Université Lille 2, CHRU de Lille, Inserm, Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), U995, Lille, France
| | - Luisa Mota da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Nucleus for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigations (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí-SC, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Faloni de Andrade
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Nucleus for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigations (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí-SC, Brazil; CBIOS, Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Laurent Dubuqoy
- Université Lille 2, CHRU de Lille, Inserm, Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC), U995, Lille, France
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Zeeshan M, Atiq A, Ain QU, Ali J, Khan S, Ali H. Evaluating the mucoprotective effects of glycyrrhizic acid-loaded polymeric nanoparticles in a murine model of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis via suppression of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1539-1553. [PMID: 34420176 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapeutic drug, has severe deteriorating effects on the intestine, leading to mucositis. Glycyrrhizic acid is a compound derived from a common herbal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra, with mucoprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, however, associated with poor pharmacokinetics. Owing to the remarkable therapeutic action of glycyrrhizic acid-loaded polymeric nanocarriers in inflammatory bowel disease, we explored their activity against 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis in mice. Polymeric nanocarriers have proven to be efficient drug delivery vehicles for the long-term treatment of inflammatory diseases, but have not yet been explored for 5-FU-induced mucositis. Therefore, this study aimed to produce glycyrrhizic acid-loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid (GA-PLGA) nanoparticles to evaluate their protective and therapeutic effects in a 5-FU-induced mucositis model. METHODS GA-PLGA nanoparticles were prepared using a modified double emulsion method, physicochemically characterized, and tested for in vitro drug release. Thereafter, mucositis was induced by 5-FU (50 mg/kg; IP) administration to the mice for the first 3 days (day 0, 1, 2), and mice were treated orally with GA-PLGA nanoparticles for 7 days (day 0-6). RESULTS GA-PLGA nanoparticles significantly reduced mucositis severity measured by body weight, diarrhea score, distress, and anorexia. Further, 5-FU induced intestinal histopathological damage, altered villi-crypt length, reduced goblet cell count, elevated pro-inflammatory mediators, and suppressed antioxidant enzymes, all of which were reversed by GA-PLGA nanoparticles. CONCLUSION Morphological, behavioral, histological, and biochemical results suggested that GA-PLGA nanoparticles were efficient, biocompatible, targeted, and sustained release drug delivery nano-vehicle for enhanced mucoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects in 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahira Zeeshan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Atiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Liu JH, Hsieh CH, Liu CY, Chang CW, Chen YJ, Tsai TH. Anti-inflammatory effects of Radix Aucklandiae herbal preparation ameliorate intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 271:113912. [PMID: 33567307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapy agent that is widely used in clinical oncologic practice. However, intestinal mucositis is the most frequently occurring side effect of cancer therapy with 5-FU. Based on a literature survey, Radix Aucklandiae herbal preparation potentially ameliorates intestinal mucositis in 5-FU-treated mice. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the inflammation and gastrointestinal regulation of intestinal mucositis induced by 5-FU, including the intestinal morphology, as well as the reduction in food intake, body weight loss, and diarrhea. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intestinal mucositis was induced in mice by 5-FU (30 mg/kg, i.p., for 5 consecutive days). The dose-dependent Radix Aucklandiae herbal preparation (0.3, 1, and 3 g/kg/day, p.o.), loperamide (3 mg/kg/day, p.o.) or celecoxib (40 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was concurrently administered until the 7th day. Physical status observation, diarrhea assessment, serum proinflammatory cytokine levels, intestinal villus height and crypt depth, and total goblet cells from tissues were assessed. RESULTS The dosage regimen of 5-FU administration caused severe intestinal mucositis in mice, including damage to the intestinal morphology, accompanied by a reduction in food intake, body weight loss, and diarrhea. The high-dose Radix Aucklandiae herbal preparation significantly relieves 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis by enhancing proliferative activity in epithelial crypts; improving anepithymia, body weight loss, and diarrhea; and displaying protective effects on goblet cells in intestinal mucosal epithelia. Activation of NF-κB in the intestinal mucositis model was also suppressed by the Radix Aucklandiae herbal preparation, suggesting that it is a potent inhibitor of NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and COX-2. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the conclusion that the Radix Aucklandiae herbal preparation could effectively ameliorate 5-FU-induced gastrointestinal toxicity and be applied clinically for the prevention of intestinal mucositis during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Han Liu
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsi Hsieh
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 220, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yuan Liu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 251, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wei Chang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 251, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 251, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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Chen KJ, Chen YL, Ueng SH, Hwang TL, Kuo LM, Hsieh PW. Neutrophil elastase inhibitor (MPH-966) improves intestinal mucosal damage and gut microbiota in a mouse model of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 134:111152. [PMID: 33373916 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy is first-line chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. However, 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis (FUIIM) is a common adverse effect that severely impairs drug tolerance and results in poor patient health. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were given 5-FU (50 mg/kg/day, i.p.) and treated with MPH-966 (5 and 7.5 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for five days. The body weight loss and the amount of food intake, and histopathological findings were recorded and analyzed. In addition, the neutrophil infiltration, levels of neutrophil serine proteases and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and tight junction proteins expression in intestinal tissues were determined. The ecology of gut microbiota was performed through next-generation sequencing technologies. RESULTS Neutrophil elastase (NE) overexpression is a key feature in FUIIM. This study showed that treatment with the specific NE inhibitor MPH-966 (7.5 mg/kg/day, p.o.) significantly reversed 5-FU-induced loss in body weight and food intake; reversed villous atrophy; significantly suppressed myeloperoxidase, NE, and proteinase 3 activity; and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in an FUIIM mouse model. In addition, MPH-966 prevented 5-FU-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, as indicated by the modulated expression of the tight junction proteins zonula occludin-1 and occludin. MPH-966 also reversed 5-FU-induced changes in gut microbiota diversity and abundances, specifically the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio; Muribaculaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Eggerthellaceae abundances at the family level; and Candidatus Arthromitus abundance at the genus level. CONCLUSION These data indicate that NE inhibitor is a key treatment candidate to alleviate FUIIM by regulating abnormal inflammatory responses, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbiota imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kung-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Mou Kuo
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 613, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Wen Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Tam JSY, Coller JK, Hughes PA, Prestidge CA, Bowen JM. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonists as potential therapeutics for intestinal inflammation. Indian J Gastroenterol 2021; 40:5-21. [PMID: 33666891 PMCID: PMC7934812 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-020-01114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal inflammation is a hallmark of highly prevalent disorders, including cancer treatment-induced mucositis and ulcerative colitis. These disorders cause debilitating symptoms, have a significant impact on quality of life, and are poorly managed. The activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been proposed to have a major influence on the inflammatory signalling pathways of the intestinal tract. Inhibition of TLR4 has been postulated as an effective way to treat intestinal inflammation. However, there are a limited number of studies looking into the potential of TLR4 antagonism as a therapeutic approach for intestinal inflammation. This review surveyed available literature and reported on the in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo effects of TLR4 antagonism on different models of intestinal inflammation. Of the studies reviewed, evidence suggests that there is indeed potential for TLR4 antagonists to treat inflammation, although only a limited number of studies have investigated treating intestinal inflammation with TLR4 antagonists directly. These results warrant further research into the effect of TLR4 antagonists in the intestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine S. Y. Tam
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Janet K. Coller
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - Patrick A. Hughes
- Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Clive A. Prestidge
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia Australia ,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joanne M. Bowen
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia
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18
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Cai B, Pan J, Chen H, Chen X, Ye Z, Yuan H, Sun H, Wan P. Oyster polysaccharides ameliorate intestinal mucositis and improve metabolism in 5-fluorouracil-treated S180 tumour-bearing mice. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 256:117545. [PMID: 33483054 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigated the potential role of gut microbiota in protecting the intestinal barrier and improving nutritional metabolism in 5-FU-treated S180 tumour-bearing mice after treatment with oyster polysaccharide (CHP). CHP, with an α-(1→4) d-linked glucose backbone and (→4,6)-α-d-Glc-(1→) branches every 4.7 residues on average, increased the villus height, crypt depth, mucosa thickness, villus surface area and V/C ratio; decreased the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α; and even restored the TP, ALB, PA, TRF, IgA, IgM and IgG levels to normal levels. All these factors are related to CHP increasing the propionic acid- and butyric acid-producing microorganisms and decreasing the production of Bacteroides, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, thus affecting the TLRs signalling pathway. In conclusion, CHP attenuates 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis and malnutrition by regulating gut microbiota, and can improve the prognosis of patients receiving chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingna Cai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No.1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No.1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziqing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China
| | - Huabiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China
| | - Huili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China.
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Li BR, Shao SY, Yuan L, Jia R, Sun J, Ji Q, Sui H, Zhou LH, Zhang Y, Liu H, Li Q, Wang Y, Zhang BM. Effects of mild moxibustion on intestinal microbiome and NLRP3 inflammasome in rats with 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis. J Integr Med 2021; 19:144-57. [PMID: 33353843 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated how mild moxibustion treatment affects the intestinal microbiome and expression of NLRP3-related immune factors in a rat model of intestinal mucositis (IM) induced with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu). METHODS Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, chemotherapy, moxibustion and probiotics groups. The IM rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 5-Fu. Mild moxibustion treatment and intragastric probiotic administration were provided once daily for 15 days. Tissue morphology, serum levels of inflammatory factors and the expression levels of tight junction proteins, caspase-1, gasdermin D and NLRP3 were evaluated in colon tissue, through hematoxylin and eosin staining, electron microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. Gut microbiome profiling was conducted through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. RESULTS Moxibustion and probiotic treatments significantly increased the expression levels of tight junction proteins, reduced cell apoptosis and the expression levels of caspase-1, gasdermin D and NLRP3; they also decreased the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and IL-18, while increasing serum levels of IL-10. Moxibustion and probiotic treatments also corrected the reduction in α-diversity and β-diversity in IM rats, greatly increased the proportion of the dominant bacterial genus Lactobacillus and reduced the abundance of the genera Roseburia and Escherichia in chemotherapy-treated rats to levels observed in healthy animals. We also found that these dominant genera were firmly correlated with the regulation of pyroptosis-associated proteins and inflammatory factors. Finally, moxibustion and probiotic treatments elicited similar effects in regulating intestinal host-microbial homeostasis and the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors. CONCLUSION Moxibustion exerts its therapeutic effect on IM by ameliorating mucosal damage and reducing inflammation. Moreover, moxibustion modulates the gut microbiota, likely via decreasing the expression levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Kamar SS, Baky MH, Omar AI. The beneficial influence of rhubarb on 5-fluorouracil-induced ileal mucositis and the combined role of aquaporin-4, tumour necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor-kappa B & matrix metalloproteinase-9 in rat model: histological study. Anat Cell Biol 2020; 53:228-239. [PMID: 32647090 PMCID: PMC7343559 DOI: 10.5115/acb.20.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is used for cancer treatment despite its cytotoxic sequelae on healthy cells, especially the rapid proliferating ones. Intestinal mucositis is one of the most frequent chemotherapeutic debilitating sequelae. Rhubarb (Rh), an ancient herb, is known for its curing effect on gastrointestinal complications. This study aims to detect the role of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in 5-FU-induced ileal histological and biochemical changes and the potential therapeutic effect of Rh water extract on these changes in rats. A 45 rats were divided into 3 groups; control, 5-FU (single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg/rat) and Rh-treated (oral 20 mg/kg/day/rat for 8 days). The change in animals’ weight, incidence of diarrhoea and AQP-4 and TNF-α values in ileal homogenates were measured. Ileal sections were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin stain, periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-reaction and MMP-9, NF-κB and AQP-4 immunohistochemical staining. A 5-FU group revealed marked ileal mucosal damage associated with a significant decrease in the mean body weight, AQP-4 level and area percent of PAS and AQP-4 positive reaction. Significant increase in the mean incidence of diarrhoea, TNF-α value and area percent of MMP-9 and NF-κB was detected. These changes were significantly corrected with Rh administration. A 5-FU resulted in severe ileal mucositis through TNF-α, NF-κB, MMP-9, and AQP-4 disturbances. Rh treatment was highly effective in preventing such mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaa Samir Kamar
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Hasan Baky
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacology, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Ibraheem Omar
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Xiang DC, Yang JY, Xu YJ, Zhang S, Li M, Zhu C, Zhang CL, Liu D. Protective effect of Andrographolide on 5-Fu induced intestinal mucositis by regulating p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Life Sci 2020; 252:117612. [PMID: 32247004 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Intestinal mucositis is the most common side effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) treatment in cancer patients. Previous research suggested that andrographolide (Andro) attenuated the intestinal injury in colitis or diarrhea in mice. The present study was aimed at investigating the protective effect of Andro against 5-Fu induced intestinal mucositis and the underlying mechanism. MAIN METHODS BALB/C mice were injected 5-Fu at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 5 days to induce intestinal mucositis. Andro at different doses (25, 50, 100 mg/kg/day) was administered. Weight loss, diarrhea score, cellular apoptosis and proliferation were evaluated. Apoptosis related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Then, NCM460 cells were used to explore the possible mechanism in vitro. The effect of Andro on the anti-tumor efficacy of 5-Fu was investigated in H22 tumor-bearing mice. KEY FINDINGS Andro significantly ameliorated the 5-Fu induced weight loss and diarrhea. The apoptosis of intestinal cells was also attenuated by Andro treatment both in vivo and in vitro. Besides, Andro markedly down-regulated the 5-Fu-induced protein expression of caspase8/3, Bax and the phosphorylation of p38. Moreover, 5-Fu significantly reduced the viability of NCM460 cells, which was restored by the Andro pretreatment. Furthermore, asiatic acid, an agonist of p38 MAPK, reversed the anti-apoptotic effect of Andro in NCM460 cells. Andro did not weaken the anti-H22 tumor effect of 5-Fu in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE We have demonstrated that p38 MAPK inhibition mediates anti-apoptotic effects of Andro against 5-Fu induced intestinal mucositis, suggesting that Andro may benefit the patients undergoing 5-Fu based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Chun Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Jin-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yan-Jiao Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Cheng-Liang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Gan Y, Ai G, Wu J, Luo H, Chen L, Huang Q, Wu X, Xu N, Li M, Su Z, Liu Y, Huang X. Patchouli oil ameliorates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in rats via protecting intestinal barrier and regulating water transport. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 250:112519. [PMID: 31883475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pogostemon cablin, commonly named "Guang-Huo-Xiang" in China, has long been renowned for its ability to dispel dampness and regulate gastrointestinal functions. Patchouli oil (P.oil), the major active fraction of Pogostemon cablin, has been traditionally used as the principal component of Chinese medicinal formulae to treat exterior syndrome and diarrhea. However, the effects of P.oil in treating 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced intestinal mucositis have not yet been reported. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the protective effects of P.oil against 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis and the mechanisms underlying these effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with 5-FU (30 mg/kg) to establish an intestinal mucositis model. Meanwhile, rats with intestinal mucositis were orally administered with P.oil (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg). Histological analysis, ELISA (for detecting inflammatory cytokines and aquaporins), immunohistochemistry analysis (for examining caspases), qRT-PCR analysis (for assessment tight junctions), and western blotting analysis (for the assessment of TLR2/TLR4-MyD88 and VIP-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway-related proteins) were performed to estimate the protective effects of P.oil against intestinal mucositis and the mechanisms underlying these effects. RESULTS The histopathological assessment preliminarily exhibited that P.oil alleviated the 5-FU-induced damage to the intestinal structure. After P.oil administration, the elevation of the expression of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-13) decreased markedly and the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling was significantly inhibited. P.oil also increased the mRNA expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, thereby stabilizing intestinal barrier. In addition, P.oil decreased the expressions of caspase-8, caspase-3, and Bax, and increased the expression of Bcl-2, thereby reducing the apoptosis of the intestinal mucosa. These results were closely related to the regulation of the TLR2/TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway. It has been indicated that P.oil possibly protected the intestinal barrier by reducing inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, this study showed that P.oil inhibited the abnormal expression of AQP3, AQP7, and AQP11 by regulating the VIP-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway. Furthermore, it restored the intestinal water absorption, thereby alleviating diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS P.oil ameliorated 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis in rats via protecting intestinal barrier and regulating water transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gaoxiang Ai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiazhen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huijuan Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Qionghui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Minyao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ziren Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Dongguan & Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Cooperative Academy of Mathematical Engineering for Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Dongguan & Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Cooperative Academy of Mathematical Engineering for Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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Wu J, Gan Y, Li M, Chen L, Liang J, Zhuo J, Luo H, Xu N, Wu X, Wu Q, Lin Z, Su Z, Liu Y. Patchouli alcohol attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis via TLR2/MyD88/NF-kB pathway and regulation of microbiota. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 124:109883. [PMID: 32004938 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis causes great suffering to cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Owing to the uncertain side effects of anticancer drugs to attenuate patients' intestinal mucositis, many studies focused on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Patchouli alcohol (PA) is an active compound extracted from Pogostemon cablin, and has potent gastrointestinal protective effect. However, whether PA has an effect on intestinal mucositis is still unknown. Therefore, we established a rat model of intestinal mucositis via intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil, and intragastrically administrated PA (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) to evaluate the effect of PA on intestinal mucositis. The routine observation (body weight, food intake, and diarrhea) in rats was used to detect whether PA had an effect on intestinal mucositis. Levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and MPO), mucosal barrier proteins (zonula occludens -1 (ZO-1), claudin-1, occludin, myosin light chain (MLC), and mucin-2) and intestinal microbiota were determined to elucidate the underlying mechanism of PA action on intestinal mucositis in rats. The results showed that PA could effectively improve body weight, food intake, and diarrhea in intestinal mucositis rats, preliminary confirming PA efficacy. Further experiments revealed that PA not only decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MPO but also increased the level of IL-10 significantly. In addition, the expression of mucosal barrier proteins and microbiota community were also improved after PA treatment in diseased rats. Hence, PA may prevent the development and progression of intestinal mucositis by improving inflammation, protecting mucosal barrier, and regulating intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuxuan Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Muxia Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jiali Liang
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, Macquarie Park, NSW, Sydney, 2109, Australia
| | - Jianyi Zhuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huijuan Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qiduan Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhixiu Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ziren Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Dongguan & Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Cooperative Academy of Mathematical Engineering for Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Chen H, Zhang F, Li R, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Xu C, Li Y, Guo Y, Yao Q. Berberine regulates fecal metabolites to ameliorate 5-fluorouracil induced intestinal mucositis through modulating gut microbiota. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 124:109829. [PMID: 31958765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid, which has been used in the treatment of intestinal mucositis. However, BBR on chemotherapy-induced mucositis in cancer patients remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of BBR on intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) using rat model. We detected the degree of intestinal mucosal damage and inflammatory response in 5-Fu treated rats with or without BBR administration, and investigated the changes of fecal metabolites and gut microbiota using 1H NMR spectroscopy and 16S rRNA. The mechanism was further explored by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Results showed that BBR treated rats displayed less weight loss, lower diarrhea score and longer colon length in 5-Fu treated rats. Meanwhile, BBR treatment significantly increased the expression of Occludin in ileum and decreased the d-lactate content in serum. Moreover, the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in ileum were suppressed by BBR treatment. The pattern of fecal metabolism changed obviously after treated with 5-Fu, which was reversed by BBR. Importantly, BBR significantly increased the levels of butyrate and glutamine in feces from 5-Fu treated rats. In terms of gut microbiota, BBR enriched the relative abundance of Firmicutes and decreased Proteobacteria at the phylum level. Meanwhile, BBR increased the propotion of unclassified_f_ Porphyromonadaceae, unclassified_f_ Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, unclassified_o_ Clostridiales, Ruminococcus, Prevotella, Clostridium IV, and decreased Escherichia/Shigella at the genera level. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) showed that fecal transplantation led to changes in fecal metabolites. Fecal transplantation from BBR treated rats had low diarrhea score, reduced inflammatory response in ileum, and relieved intestinal mucosal injury, which may be caused by the increased of butyrate level in fecal metabolites. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that BBR regulates fecal metabolites to ameliorate 5-Fu induced intestinal mucositis by modifying gut microbiota.
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Khayyal MT, Abdel-Naby DH, El-Ghazaly MA. Propolis extract protects against radiation-induced intestinal mucositis through anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:24672-24682. [PMID: 31240658 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis is a common side effect during radiotherapy that could be largely prevented by compounds possessing anti-inflammatory or anti-oxidant properties, including extracts of propolis containing a high proportion of flavonoids. A specially formulated aqueous extract of propolis (PWE) has been prepared in such a way to preclude the inclusion of flavonoids but contain mostly organic aromatic acids to study whether it would still protect against radiation-induced intestinal mucositis and to study the possible involvement of apoptotic pathways. Rats were exposed to a gamma radiation dose of 8 Gy from a Cesium-137 source in order to inflict intestinal mucositis. Three days before exposure, rats were given PWE orally and treatment continued for 2 more days. Twenty-four hours later, rats were sacrificed, the small intestine was excised, and sections were examined histologically. Different parameters for apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress were determined in the serum and in intestinal homogenates. Radiation exposure led to histological and biochemical signs of intestinal damage. This was associated with an increase in apoptotic indicators and derangement in oxidative stress parameters. All deranged parameters were largely prevented by PWE. The findings provide evidence that the protective effect of PWE against intestinal radiation damage involves not only its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects but also its anti-apoptotic properties as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T Khayyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Doaa H Abdel-Naby
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, 3 Ahmad El-Zomor Street, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona A El-Ghazaly
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, 3 Ahmad El-Zomor Street, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Zheng H, Gao J, Man S, Zhang J, Jin Z, Gao W. The protective effects of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum extract on 5-Fuorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in mice. Phytomedicine 2019; 54:308-317. [PMID: 30396718 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum as a traditional Chinese medicine is used in prescription for treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Phytochemical investigations show that there are many anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory ingredients in A. agallocha methanol extract (AEE). However, scarce data is available about the constituents absorbed into the blood, activity and mechanisms of AEE on intestinal mucositis. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE To analyze the bioactive constituents of AEE absorbed in the blood, and further explore the potential mechanisms of the protection against chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis. METHODS The serum pharmacochemistry using UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS was performed to screen the bioactive compounds of AEE absorbed in serum. The intestinal mucositis was induced by 5-Fuorouracil (5-Fu) and treated with AEE. The severity of intestinal mucositis was evaluated based on body weight, food-intake and diarrhea. Furthermore, the mechanism of AEE was investigated involved in the pathogenesis of mucositis on repairing injury of intestinal mucosa, immune functions, and inflammatory response. RESULTS Altogether, 11 components were identified or tentatively characterized in dosed plasma. In pharmacodynamics study, intestinal mucositis caused by 5-Fu was effectively attenuated after AEE treatment. AEE treatment improved food-intake and injury of the intestinal mucosa, relieved body weight loss and severe diarrhea through up-regulating expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and inhibiting the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in ileum segments. CONCLUSIONS AEE protected against 5-Fu-induced intestinal mucositis (IM) in mice through mechanisms that involved in promoting the enterocyte proliferative activity, maintaining the integrity of tight junction proteins, inhibiting oxidative stress and ameliorating the inflammatory disturbances. Accordingly, A. agallocha may be a promising therapeutic candidate used for the prevention of IM during cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jing Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shuli Man
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300309, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Jin
- Tianjin Lerentang Pharmaceutical Factory, Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Li Y, Wang S, Gao X, Zhao Y, Li Y, Yang B, Zhang N, Ma L. Octreotide Alleviates Autophagy by Up-Regulation of MicroRNA-101 in Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line Caco-2. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 49:1352-1363. [PMID: 30205395 DOI: 10.1159/000493413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal mucositis is a common side-effect after anti-cancer therapy, which may greatly restrict the therapeutic effects. We aimed to explore the functional role of octreotide (OCT) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced autophagy of human intestinal epithelial cells as well as the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Cell viability and expression of proteins related to autophagy, AMPK and the mTOR pathway in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells were determined by CCK-8 assay and Western blot analysis, respectively. Effects of OCT on LPS-induced alterations as well as miR-101 expression were measured. Then, miR-101 was aberrantly expressed, and whether OCT alleviated LPS-induced autophagy through miR-101 was tested. Next, whether TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) was involved in the regulation of miR-101 in LPS-induced autophagy was studied. Effects of OCT on monolayer permeability and tight junction level were analyzed via measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and expression of tight junction proteins. RESULTS LPS reduced cell viability and increased autophagy through activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR pathway in Caco-2 cells. OCT alleviated LPS-induced alterations and repressed degradation of autophagosome. Then, we found that OCT affected autophagy through up-regulating miR-101 in LPS-treated cells. Moreover, miR-101-induced inactivation of AMPK and activation of the mTOR pathway in LPS-treated cells were reversed by inhibition of TAK1 phosphorylation. Finally, we found miR-101 was up-regulated in differentiated cells, and OCT protected the monolayer permeability and tight junction level. CONCLUSION OCT repressed autophagy through miR-101-mediated inactivation of TAK1, along with inactivation of AMPK and activation of the mTOR pathway in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The 305 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Xingjuan Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit,Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongwei Li
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Naili Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Diagnostics, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Fernandes C, Wanderley CWS, Silva CMS, Muniz HA, Teixeira MA, Souza NRP, Cândido AGF, Falcão RB, Souza MHLP, Almeida PRC, Câmara LMC, Lima-Júnior RCP. Role of regulatory T cells in irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 115:158-166. [PMID: 29307857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis (IM) is a common side effect of irinotecan-based chemotherapy. The involvement of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-18 and IL-33, has been demonstrated. However, the role of adaptive immune system cells, whose activation is partially regulated by these cytokines, is yet unknown. Thus, we investigated the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in irinotecan-induced IM. C57BL/6 mice were injected with saline or irinotecan (75mgkg-1, i.p.), once a day for 4days, and euthanized at day 1, 3, 5 or 7 following the first dose of irinotecan. For Treg depletion, the mice were pretreated with a low single dose of cyclophosphamide (100mgkg-1, i.p). Intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes were harvested and purified by Percoll gradient. Treg and Th17 cells were identified by flow cytometry. Blood leukocyte count was obtained and ileum samples were collected for histopathological analysis and myeloperoxidase assay. IM caused an accumulation of Tregs and Th17 cells over time. Treg depletion exacerbated intestinal damage, diarrhea, neutrophil infiltration and animal mortality, despite a reduction in Th17 cell number. The frequency of other Th cells increased and was positively correlated with neutrophil infiltration. Tregs showed a negative correlation with neutrophils and the frequency of non-regulatory Th cells. In conclusion, Tregs are important in the control of intestinal damage induced by irinotecan, and their depletion showed a deleterious effect on IM. Activation of these cells appears to be a compensatory mechanism for intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Fernandes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Heitor Amorim Muniz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maraiza Alves Teixeira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renata Brito Falcão
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
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Mi H, Dong Y, Zhang B, Wang H, Peter CCK, Gao P, Fu H, Gao Y. Bifidobacterium Infantis Ameliorates Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Mucositis Via Regulating T Cell Immunity in Colorectal Cancer Rats. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 42:2330-2341. [PMID: 28848081 DOI: 10.1159/000480005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Intestinal mucositis (IM) is a commonly encountered side effect in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis) in attenuating the severity of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by regulating the T cell subsets in rats with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) subcutaneously for 10 weeks, and then injected SW480 cells in rectal mucosa to create a CRC model, and the rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control group (saline + saline), Chemotherapy group (saline + 5-FU+Oxaliplatin), B. infantis group (B. infantis + 5-FU+Oxaliplatin). IM was evaluated based on diarrhea severity, intestinal villus height, crypt depth, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α), T cell subsets (CD4+ IL17A+ cells and CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs) and related cytokine profiles. RESULTS The results showed that the B. infantis group demonstrated a higher body weight (BW) and intestinal villus height and a deeper crypt depth compared to the Chemotherapy group. The level of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α which increased by chemotherapy, was lowered by B. infantis administration. Real time reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed B. infantis reduced relative expression of Th17 and Th1 cells related cytokines, and increased relative expression of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs related cytokines. Furthermore, Flow cytometry analysis showed B. infantis reduced CD4+ IL17A+ cells and increased CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) compared to the Chemotherapy group. CONCLUSION B. infantis effectively attenuates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by decreasing Th1 and Th17 response and increasing CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Mi
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Haonan Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chung C K Peter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong Fu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yajie Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Chen Y, Zheng H, Zhang J, Wang L, Jin Z, Gao W. Protective effect and potential mechanisms of Wei-Chang-An pill on high-dose 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 190:200-211. [PMID: 27240747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Wei-Chang-An pill (WCA pill), a traditional Chinese pharmaceutical preparation, possessed potential anti-inflammatory advantages and noteworthy gastrointestinal regulations in digestive diseases, which might represent a promising candidate for the treatment of intestinal mucositis (IM) induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). AIM OF THE STUDY To analyze the bioactive constituents and investigate the effect of methanol extraction from WCA pill (WCA ext) on 5-FU induced IM with underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The analysis of serum bioactive constituents after WCA ext administration in rats was carried out by UHPLC-Quadrupole-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry. In mice, IM was induced by 5-FU and physical manifestations were measured during the period of drug delivery. Half of mice were assessed with histology, expression of inflammatory cytokines in ileum and plasma via hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining as well as cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test, respectively. Besides, gastric emptying (GE) and gastrointestinal transit (GIT) were further tested in the other half of 5-FU induced mice. RESULTS Twenty-two compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. IM induced by 5-FU was improved significantly after treatment with WCA ext through reducing the body weight loss, relieving the severe diarrhea, and inhibiting the GE as well as GIT. Further assessments validated that WCA ext promoted the recovery of intestinal mucosa, evaluated the activity of enterocyte proliferation, maintained the integrity of tight junction, and ameliorated the inflammatory disturbances. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that WCA ext promoted the restoration of intestinal function in 5-FU-induced IM via regulating multiple sites of actions in intestinal homeostasis. Accordingly, WCA pill might be a promising therapeutic candidate for the prevention of IM during cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Chen
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Special Drugs R & D Center of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Tianjin Lerentang Pharmaceutical Factory, Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Jin
- Tianjin Lerentang Pharmaceutical Factory, Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Tang Y, Wu Y, Huang Z, Dong W, Deng Y, Wang F, Li M, Yuan J. Administration of probiotic mixture DM#1 ameliorated 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis and dysbiosis in rats. Nutrition 2016; 33:96-104. [PMID: 27427511 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of probiotics to alleviate chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis is supported by clinical consensus. However, no studies to date, to our knowledge, have systematically analyzed the effects of a probiotic mixture on chemotherapy-induced mucositis or assessed changes in the intestinal microbiota after probiotic treatment. The aim of this study was to report the effects of a probiotic mixture, DM#1, on intestinal mucositis and dysbiosis of rats treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). METHODS Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 180 to 220 g were randomly divided into four groups: control, 5-FU, probiotic high (PH), and probiotic low (PL). Except for the control group, all other groups received intraperitoneal injections of 5-FU for 5 d, and the PH and PL groups received DM#1 intragastrically (1 × 109 or 1 × 108 colony-forming units/kg, respectively) for 8 d. One day after the last administration, rats were sacrificed and the ilea were removed for histopathologic assessment and evaluation of permeability, myeloperoxidase activity, levels of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α), and mRNA of toll-like receptors (TLR; TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9). Additionally, intestinal microbiota profiles were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Treatment with DM#1 ameliorated 5-FU-induced intestinal mucosal injury in rats, possibly by reducing proinflammatory cytokine levels and neutrophil infiltration. The increased intestinal permeability caused by 5-FU was ameliorated. These results were closely associated with the reestablishment of intestinal microbial homeostasis and alteration of the TLR2/TLR4 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Administration of the probiotic mixture DM#1 ameliorated 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis and dysbiosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tang
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingtao Wu
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ziyi Huang
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weiwei Dong
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fengjiao Wang
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Jieli Yuan
- Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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dos Santos Filho EX, Ávila PHM, Bastos CCC, Batista AC, Naves LN, Marreto RN, Lima EM, Mendonça EF, Valadares MC. Curcuminoids from Curcuma longaL. reduced intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in mice: Bioadhesive, proliferative, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Toxicol Rep 2015; 3:55-62. [PMID: 28959523 PMCID: PMC5615374 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal mucositis is a frequent limiting factor in anticancer therapy and there is currently no broadly effective treatment targeted to cure this side effect. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a mucoadhesive formulation containing curcuminoids (MFC) from Curcuma longa L. on the pathogenesis of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced intestinal mucositis. Methods Three intraperitoneal 5-FU injections (200 mg/kg) were used to induce intestinal mucositis in adult Swiss male mice. Treatment was provided orally (MFC 3.75, 7.5 and 15 mg/kg), thirty minutes before 5-FU injections, daily until euthanasia. Duodenal samples were collected to perform morphometric and histopathological analysis, to investigate the expression of Ki-67, p53, Bax and Bcl-2 by immunohistochemistry, to evaluate neutrophil activity myeloperoxidase (MPO)-mediated and oxidative stress by malondialdehyde (MDA) determination. Mice body weight was assessed as well. Results As expected, 5-FU induced a significant weight loss (∼17%, P < 0.001), shortening in villi height (∼55.4%) and crypts depth (∼47%), and increased (∼64%) the histological severity score when compared to other groups (P < 0.05). These pathological changes were markedly alleviated by the three MFC treatment doses (P < 0.05), in special with the dose MFC 15 mg/kg. This dose also stimulated cell proliferation by ∼90% in the epithelial cells lining from villi and crypts (P < 0.05), reduced MPO levels and MDA formation by 60% and 44%, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our data suggest the therapeutic potential of the formulation for treating intestinal mucositis in mice. Supplementary studies are underway searching for the elucidation of mechanisms involved in the protective effects of MFC in order to make this formulation a clinical tool for mucositis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carla Caroline Cunha Bastos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Cellular Toxicology, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Letícia Nasser Naves
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Neves Marreto
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Eliana Martins Lima
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Marize Campos Valadares
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Cellular Toxicology, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Corresponding author at: Faculdade de Farmácia – Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 240 esquina com 5ª Avenida, s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. CEP: 74605−170.Fax: +55 62 3209 6039x202.
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