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Xu K, Hua M, Mai T, Ren X, Fang X, Wang C, Ge M, Qian H, Xu M, Zhang R. A Multiparametric MRI-based Radiomics Model for Stratifying Postoperative Recurrence in Luminal B Breast Cancer. J Imaging Inform Med 2024:10.1007/s10278-023-00923-9. [PMID: 38424277 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-023-00923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to develop an MRI-based radiomics model to assess the likelihood of recurrence in luminal B breast cancer. The study analyzed medical images and clinical data from 244 patients with luminal B breast cancer. Of 244 patients, 35 had experienced recurrence and 209 had not. The patients were randomly divided into the training set (51.5 ± 12.5 years old; n = 171) and the test set (51.7 ± 11.3 years old; n = 73) in a ratio of 7:3. The study employed univariate and multivariate Cox regression along with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression methods to select radiomics features and calculate a risk score. A combined model was constructed by integrating the risk score with the clinical and pathological characteristics. The study identified two radiomics features (GLSZM and GLRLM) from DCE-MRI that were used to calculate a risk score. The AUCs were 0.860 and 0.868 in the training set and 0.816 and 0.714 in the testing set for 3- and 5-year recurrence risk, respectively. The combined model incorporating the risk score, pN, and endocrine therapy showed improved predictive power, with AUCs of 0.857 and 0.912 in the training set and 0.943 and 0.945 in the testing set for 3- and 5-year recurrence risk, respectively. The calibration curve of the combined model showed good consistency between predicted and measured values. Our study developed an MRI-based radiomics model that integrates clinical and radiomics features to assess the likelihood of recurrence in luminal B breast cancer. The model shows promise for improving clinical risk stratification and treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kepei Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiqi Hua
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Mai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Ren
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozheng Fang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunjie Wang
- Department of Radiology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Ge
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Qian
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maosheng Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ruixin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Li N, Gong W, Xie Y, Sheng L. Correlation between the CEM imaging characteristics and different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Breast 2023; 72:103595. [PMID: 37925875 PMCID: PMC10661457 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.103595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the correlation between the contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) imaging characteristics and different molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC). METHODS We retrospectively included 313 eligible female patients who underwent CEM examination and surgery in our hospital from July 2017 to July 2021. Their lesions were confirmed on histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis. BC was divided into luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and triple-negative BC (TNBC) subtypes according to immunohistochemical markers. Nine features were extracted from CEM images, including tumor shape, margins, spiculated mass, lobulated mass, malignant calcification, lesion conspicuity, internal enhancement pattern, multifocal mass, and swollen axillary lymph nodes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. Univariate analysis and binomial regression were used to analyze the correlation between CEM imaging features and BC molecular subtypes. RESULTS There were 184 (58.8 %) Luminal A, 44 (14.1 %) Luminal B, 47 (15.0 %) HER-2-enriched and 38 (12.1 %) TNBC, respectively. Molecular subtypes were significantly related to the tumor shape, margins, spiculated mass, internal enhancement pattern, malignant calcification and swollen axillary lymph nodes. Spiculated and calcified tumors were associated with Luminal subtypes, especially Luminal B (P < 0.05). Irregular tumor shape and malignant calcification were associated with HER-2-enriched subtype (P < 0.05). Oval or round tumor shape, rim enhancement, and swollen axillary lymph nodes were associated with TNBC (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION CEM imaging features could distinguish BC molecular subtypes. In particular, TNBC showed oval or round tumor shape, rim enhancement, and swollen axillary lymph nodes, providing insights into the diagnosis and prognosis of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, China.
| | - Weiyun Gong
- Clinic Imaging Center, The Affiliated Tai'an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Yuanzhong Xie
- Clinic Imaging Center, The Affiliated Tai'an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Clinic Imaging Center, The Affiliated Tai'an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai'an, 271000, China.
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de Araújo RA, da Luz FAC, da Costa Marinho E, Nascimento CP, Mendes TR, Mosca ERT, de Andrade Marques L, Delfino PFR, Antonioli RM, da Silva ACAL, Dos Reis Monteiro MLG, Neto MB, Silva MJB. The elusive Luminal B breast cancer and the mysterious chemokines. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:12807-12819. [PMID: 37458802 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC) is heterogeneous. Staging and immunohistochemistry (IH) allow for effective therapy but are not yet ideal. Women with Luminal B tumors show an erratic response to treatment. This prospective study with 81 women with breast cancer aims to improve the prognostic stratification of Luminal B patients. METHODS This is a prospective translational study with 81 women with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, grouped by TNM staging and immunohistochemistry, for survival analysis, and their correlations with the chemokines. Serum measurements of 13 chemokines were performed, including 7 CC chemokines [CCL2(MCP1), CCL3(MIP1α), CCL4(MIP1β), CCL5(Rantes), CCL11(Eotaxin), CCL17(TARC), CCL20(MIP3α)], 6 CXC chemokines [CXCL1(GroAlpha), CXCL5(ENA78), CCXCL8(IL-8), CXCL9(MIG), CXCL10(IP10), CXCL11(ITAC)]. RESULTS Overall survival was significantly dependent on tumor staging and subtypes by immunohistochemistry, with a median follow-up time the 32.87 months (3.67-65.63 months). There were age correlations with IP10/CXCL10 chemokines (r = 0.4360; p = 0.0079) and TARC/CCL17 (Spearman + 0.2648; p = 0.0360). An inverse correlation was found between body weight and the chemokines Rantes/CCL5 (r = - 0.3098; p = 0.0169) and Eotaxin/CCL11 (r = - 0.2575; p = 0.0470). Smokers had a higher concentration of MIP3α/CCL20 (Spearman + 0.3344; p = 0.0267). Luminal B subtype patients who expressed lower concentrations of ENA78/CXCL5 (≤ 254.83 pg/ml) (Log-Rank p = 0.016) and higher expression of MIP1β/CCL4 (> 34.84 pg/ml) (Log-Rank p = 0.014) had a higher risk of metastases. CONCLUSION Patients with Luminal B breast tumors can be better stratified by serum chemokine expression, suggesting that prognosis is dependent on biomarkers other than TNM and IH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Agenor de Araújo
- Medical Faculty, Federal University of Uberlândia, Avenida Pará, Bloco 2U, 1720, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38400-902, Brazil.
- Cancer Research and Prevention Nucleus, Grupo Luta Pela Vida, Cancer Hospital in Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-302, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Andrés Cordero da Luz
- Cancer Research and Prevention Nucleus, Grupo Luta Pela Vida, Cancer Hospital in Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-302, Brazil
| | - Eduarda da Costa Marinho
- Cancer Research and Prevention Nucleus, Grupo Luta Pela Vida, Cancer Hospital in Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-302, Brazil
| | - Camila Piqui Nascimento
- Cancer Research and Prevention Nucleus, Grupo Luta Pela Vida, Cancer Hospital in Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-302, Brazil
| | - Thais Rezende Mendes
- Cancer Research and Prevention Nucleus, Grupo Luta Pela Vida, Cancer Hospital in Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-302, Brazil
| | - Etelvina Rocha Tolentino Mosca
- Cancer Research and Prevention Nucleus, Grupo Luta Pela Vida, Cancer Hospital in Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-302, Brazil
| | - Lara de Andrade Marques
- Cancer Research and Prevention Nucleus, Grupo Luta Pela Vida, Cancer Hospital in Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-302, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Mathias Antonioli
- Cancer Research and Prevention Nucleus, Grupo Luta Pela Vida, Cancer Hospital in Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-302, Brazil
| | | | | | - Morun Bernardino Neto
- Department of Basic and Environmental Sciences, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, CEP 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Marcelo José Barbosa Silva
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-320, Brazil
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Ulaganathan K, Puranam K, Mukta S, Hanumanth SR. Expression profiling of luminal B breast tumor in Indian women. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:13645-13664. [PMID: 37516983 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we aimed at profiling of luminal B breast cancer specific gene expression pattern in Indian women using mRNA-seq and validation based on TCGA expression data. METHODS RNA isolated from luminal B tumor and adjacent normal tissues was used for library construction and sequencing. Reference-based assemblies of these reads were used for differential gene expression analysis using DeSeq2. The DEGs were evaluated using TCGA expression data. Kaplan-Meier survival method was used to evaluate association between genes showing luminal B specific differential expression pattern and breast cancer prognosis and statistical significance was assessed using log-rank test. Alternate splicing analysis was done using rmats. RESULTS Differential expression analysis identified 2371 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in luminal B breast tumors in comparison with adjacent normal tissues of Indian Women. Of them, 1692 DEGs were validated using TCGA luminal B paired samples. Integration of this data with the DEGs obtained by comparative analysis of unpaired luminal B with luminal A unpaired samples from TCGA resulted in 291 DEGs showing luminal B specific expression pattern. Further, 26 genes of prognostic value were identified. Differential splicing analysis between luminal B tumors and adjacent normal tissues in our cohort led to the identification of 687 genes showing significant differential alternate splicing events. CONCLUSION This study profiled gene expression pattern of luminal B tumors of Indian women and identified 26 key genes of prognostic value for luminal B breast cancer. This study also profiled differential alternate splicing and identified important alternate splicing events in luminal B breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaushik Puranam
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Srinivasulu Mukta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, MNJ Institute of Oncology and RCC, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Castellarnau-Visús M, Soveral I, Regueiro Espín P, Pineros Manzano J, Del Río Holgado M. Prognostic factors in Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer tumors. Surg Oncol 2023; 49:101968. [PMID: 37364335 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2023.101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular and genomic platforms can classify breast cancer intrinsic subtypeswith precision, however these are not widespread and immunohistochemical (IHC) classification is still used globally. This study aimed to evaluate the main clinical and pathologic prognostic factors for Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer in our clinical setting. METHODS A retrospective review of early Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer patients diagnosed in 2017 in our center was conducted. The main prognostic factors for relapse were evaluated, including patient's characteristics such as age, menopausal status, comorbidity index, personal and family history of breast cancer and obesity; tumor features such as size, histology and grade, oestrogen and progesterone receptor (PgR) status, HER2 status, Ki67 index and nodal involvement; and the given treatment. Cancer relapse during five years of follow-upwas considered the main outcome. RESULTS Fifty-six patients with early Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer were included. Seven patients relapsed within five years of follow-up. Lymph node involvement at diagnosis and postoperatively were significantly associated with relapse (24,5% vs 71,43%p = 0.022; 38,8% vs 83,3%p = 0.004, respectively),although the number of pathologic positive lymph nodes was not associated with relapse occurrence (mean 1.5 in no-relapse group vs 0.8 in relapse group; p = 0.308).Other possible risk factors such as young age, premenopausal status, self-history of breast cancer, tumor size, histologic grade, PgR, or Ki 67 were not significantly associated with relapse. Additionally, the distribution of the number of positive nodes among relapse and no relapse groups(2,1 vs 1,8; p = 0.082) was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Lymph node involvement was the only prognostic factor in Luminal B-like HER2-negative breast cancer identified in this study, independently of the number of affected nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Castellarnau-Visús
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ConsorciSanitari Integral, Av. JosepMolins 29, 08906, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Iris Soveral
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ConsorciSanitari Integral, Av. JosepMolins 29, 08906, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Purificación Regueiro Espín
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ConsorciSanitari Integral, Av. JosepMolins 29, 08906, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juncal Pineros Manzano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ConsorciSanitari Integral, Av. JosepMolins 29, 08906, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Del Río Holgado
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ConsorciSanitari Integral, Av. JosepMolins 29, 08906, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Menikdiwela KR, Kahathuduwa C, Bolner ML, Rahman RL, Moustaid-Moussa N. Association between Obesity, Race or Ethnicity, and Luminal Subtypes of Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112931. [PMID: 36428500 PMCID: PMC9687751 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Luminal breast cancers are the most common genomic subtype of breast cancers where Luminal A cancers have a better prognosis than Luminal B. Exposure to sex steroids and inflammatory status due to obesity are key contributors of Luminal tumor development. In this study, 1928 patients with Luminal A breast cancer and 1610 patients with Luminal B breast cancer were compared based on body mass index (BMI), age, race, menopausal status, and expressed receptors (i.e., estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)). Patients with Luminal B tumors had a significantly higher mean BMI (Δ = 0.69 kgm−2 [0.17, 1.21], p = 0.010) versus Luminal A. Interestingly, the risks of Luminal B tumors were higher among Black/African American patients versus White and Hispanic patients (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). When controlled for each other, Black/African American race (p < 0.001) and increased BMI (p = 0.008) were associated with increased risks of Luminal B carcinoma, while postmenopausal status was associated with a decreased risk (p = 0.028). Increased BMI partially mediated the strong association between Black/African American race and the risk of Luminal B carcinoma. Thus, Black/African American race along with obesity seem to be associated with an increased risk of more aggressive Luminal B breast carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalhara R. Menikdiwela
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Chanaka Kahathuduwa
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | | | - Rakhshanda Layeequr Rahman
- Breast Cancer Center of Excellence, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Correspondence: (R.L.R.); (N.M.-M.); Tel.: +1-806-743-2370 (R.L.R.); +1-806-834-7946 (N.M.-M.)
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Correspondence: (R.L.R.); (N.M.-M.); Tel.: +1-806-743-2370 (R.L.R.); +1-806-834-7946 (N.M.-M.)
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Yang Z, Liu Y, Huang Y, Chen Z, Zhang H, Yu Y, Wang X, Cao X. The regrouping of Luminal B (HER2 negative), a better discriminator of outcome and recurrence score. Cancer Med 2022; 12:2493-2504. [PMID: 35909232 PMCID: PMC9939104 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. High recurrence risk Luminal BC receives adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to standard hormone therapy. Considering the heterogeneity of Luminal B BC, a more accurate classification model is urgently needed. METHODS In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the data of 1603 patients who were diagnosed with HER2-negative breast invasive ductal carcinoma. According to the expression level of PR and Ki-67 index, the Luminal B (HER2-negative) BCs were divided into three groups: ER+PR-Ki67low (ER-positive, PR-negative, and Ki-67 index <20%), ER+PR+Ki67high (ER-positive, PR-positive, and Ki-67 index ≥20%), and ER+PR-Ki67high (ER-positive, PR-negative, and Ki-67 index ≥20%). The cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the correlation between each variable and outcomes. Besides, discriminatory accuracy of the models was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and log-rank χ2 value. RESULTS The analysis results showed that there was a significant correlation between subtypes using this newly defined classification and overall survival (p < 0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (p < 0.001). Interestingly, patients in the ER+PR-Ki67high subgroup have the worst survival outcome in Luminal B (HER2-negative) subtype, similar to Triple-negative patients. Besides, the ER+PR+Ki67high has worse 5-year DFS compared with Luminal A group. There was a significant relationship between the regrouping subtype and the recurrence score index (RI) (p < 0.001). Moreover, the results showed that patients in ER+PR-Ki67high subtype were more likely to have high RI for distance recurrence (RI-DR) and local recurrence (RI-LRR). Our newly defined classification has a better discrimination ability to predict survival outcome and recurrence score of Luminal B (HER2-negative) BC patients, which may help in clinical decision-making for individual treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng‐Jun Yang
- The First Department of Breast CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Yu‐Xiao Liu
- The First Department of Breast CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Yue Huang
- The First Department of Breast CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Zu‐Jin Chen
- The First Department of Breast CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Hao‐Zhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina,Department of Thyroid and Neck CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina
| | - Yue Yu
- The First Department of Breast CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Xin Wang
- The First Department of Breast CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
| | - Xu‐Chen Cao
- The First Department of Breast CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinChina,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Medical University, Ministry of EducationTianjinChina
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Ademi-Islami D, Manxhuka-Kerliu S, Tarifa-Koroveshi D, Koliqi R, Mujaj B. Metabolic Syndrome and Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes: An Observational Patient Study. Breast Cancer (Auckl) 2022; 16:11782234221080555. [PMID: 35340887 PMCID: PMC8950023 DOI: 10.1177/11782234221080555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer molecular subtypes share various prognostic profiles, and luminal A molecular subtypes have a better prognosis compared with other molecular subtypes. However, whether metabolic syndrome or individual risk factors of metabolic syndrome influence on the development of molecular subtype remains elusive. We aimed to assess the association between metabolic syndrome risk factors and breast cancer molecular subtypes among patients with metabolic syndrome in a clinical setting. Methods: In total, 101 breast cancer patients with mean age, 58.4 ± 8.5 years, and overt metabolic syndrome prospectively were recruited. Immunohistochemistry procedure was used to determine molecular subtypes. Assessment of clinical, biochemical, and anthropometric parameters was performed. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between risk factors and breast cancer molecular subtypes categories. A similar approach was used to assess the relation between breast cancer molecular subtypes and menopause. Results: Comparison of metabolic syndrome individual risk factors according to breast cancer molecular subtypes no statistical difference was found for systolic (P = .33) and diastolic blood pressure (P = .17), fasting glucose (P = .77), triglycerides (P = .62), high-density lipoprotein (P = .33), body mass index (P = .87), and waist circumference (P = .81). A positive trend was found between high-density lipoprotein and HER2+. No association was found with other risk factors. Moreover, an association was found between HER2+ categories and menopause. Conclusion: In breast cancer patients with metabolic syndrome, we observed an increased trend between high-density lipoprotein and HER2+ molecular subtype, suggesting that underlying dyslipidemia may favor poor prognosis. HER2+ was associated with menopause which may influence further expression of HER2+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafina Ademi-Islami
- Oncology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Suzana Manxhuka-Kerliu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo.,Institute of Pathology, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Dhurata Tarifa-Koroveshi
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Tirana, Tirana, Albania.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Rozafa Koliqi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Pharmacy Division, Faculty of Medicine, Universiteti i Prishtines, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Blerim Mujaj
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Mehrpour Layeghi S, Arabpour M, Shakoori A, Naghizadeh MM, Mansoori Y, Tavakkoly Bazzaz J, Esmaeili R. Expression profiles and functional prediction of long non-coding RNAs LINC01133, ZEB1-AS1 and ABHD11-AS1 in the luminal subtype of breast cancer. J Transl Med 2021; 19:364. [PMID: 34446052 PMCID: PMC8390237 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Luminal breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent subtype accounting for more than 70% of BC. LncRNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs with more than 200 nucleotides, are involved in a variety of cellular processes and biological functions. Abberant expression is related to the development of various cancers, such as breast cancer. LINC01133, ZEB1-AS1, and ABHD11-AS1 were reported to be dysregulated in different cancers. However, their expression level in luminal BC remains poorly known. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential roles of these lncRNAs in BC, especially in luminal subtypes. Methods A comprehensive analysis was performed using the Lnc2Cancer database to identify novel cancer-associated lncRNA candidates. After conducting a literature review, three novel lncRNAs named LINC01133, ZEB1-AS1, and ABHD11-AS1 were chosen as target genes of the present study. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression level of the mentioned lncRNAs in both luminal BC tissues and cell lines. Then, the correlation of the three mentioned lncRNAs expression with clinicopathological characteristics of the patients was studied. Moreover, several datasets were used to discover the potential roles and functions of LINC01133, ZEB1-AS1 and ABHD11-AS1 in luminal subtype of BC. Results According to the qRT-PCR assay, the expression levels of LINC01133 and ZEB1-AS1 were decreased in luminal BC tissues and cell lines. On the other hand, ABHD11-AS1 was upregulated in the above-mentioned samples. The expression levels of LINC01133, ZEB1-AS1, and ABHD11-AS1 were not associated with any of the clinical features. Also, the results obtained from the bioinformatics analyses were consistent with qRT-PCR data. Functional annotation of the co-expressed genes with the target lncRNAs, protein–protein interactions and significantly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways across luminal BC were also obtained using bioinformatics analysis. Conclusions Taken together, our findings disclosed the dysregulation of LINC01133, ZEB1-AS1, and ABHD11-AS1 in luminal BC. It was revealed that LINC01133 and ZEB1-AS1 expression was significantly downregulated in luminal BC tissues and cell lines, while ABHD11-AS1 was upregulated considerably in the mentioned tissues and cell lines. Also, bioinformatics and systems biology analyses have helped to identify the possible role of these lncRNAs in luminal BC. However, further analysis is needed to confirm the current findings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03026-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mehrpour Layeghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Arabpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Shakoori
- Medical Genetic Ward, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rezvan Esmaeili
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Klæstad E, Sawicka JE, Engstrøm MJ, Ytterhus B, Valla M, Bofin AM. ZNF703 gene copy number and protein expression in breast cancer; associations with proliferation, prognosis and luminal subtypes. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 186:65-77. [PMID: 33389351 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Amplification of 8p12 is frequent in breast cancer and associated with poor prognosis in luminal subtypes. ZNF703 has been identified as the driver gene of proliferation in the A1 amplicon situated in 8p12. In this study, the aims were to investigate associations between ZNF703 copy number alterations and molecular subtypes, proliferation and prognosis, and using immunohistochemistry, examine associations between ZNF703 copy number and ZNF703 protein expression. METHODS Copy number alterations in 702 primary breast tumours and corresponding lymph node metastases were examined using fluorescence in situ hybridization with probes for ZNF703 and centromere 8. In addition, protein expression was studied in 869 tumours from the same cohort. Associations between copy number alterations and protein expression and tumour characteristics were assessed using Pearson chi square test. The prognostic impact of ZNF703 copy number increase and protein expression was assessed estimating cumulative incidence of breast cancer death and hazard ratios. RESULTS We found mean ZNF703 copy number ≥ 6 in 7% of tumours, most frequently in Luminal B subtypes. We found a positive association between increased copy number, and high proliferation, high histological grade, and poor prognosis. Luminal A tumours with high copy number had high histological grade and poor prognosis (borderline significant). We found positive nuclear staining in 76% of primary tumours. There was an association between copy number status and protein expression, but no association between protein expression and prognosis. CONCLUSIONS In breast cancer, high ZNF703 copy number is associated with increased proliferation, Luminal B subtypes and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Klæstad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgssons Gate, 7030, Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | - Monica Jernberg Engstrøm
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgssons Gate, 7030, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Borgny Ytterhus
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgssons Gate, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Valla
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgssons Gate, 7030, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Pathology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anna Mary Bofin
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgssons Gate, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
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11
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Mehrpour Layeghi S, Arabpour M, Esmaeili R, Naghizadeh MM, Tavakkoly Bazzaz J, Shakoori A. Evaluation of the potential role of long non-coding RNA LINC00961 in luminal breast cancer: a case-control and systems biology study. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:478. [PMID: 33024416 PMCID: PMC7531117 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Luminal subtype is the most common subgroup of breast cancer (BC), accounting for more than 70% of this cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of RNAs which play critical roles in diverse cellular processes. It is proved that dysregulation of them can contribute to the development of various cancers, including BC. LINC00961 was reported to be downregulated in several cancers, however, its expression level in BC remains largely unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible role of LINC00961 in luminal A and B subtypes of BC. Methods To obtain novel lncRNAs associated with different cancers and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) between BC tumor and normal tissues, Lnc2Cancer and GDC databases were used, respectively. After performing literature review, the expression level of the selected lncRNA (LINC00961) was evaluated in 79 luminal A and B BC specimens and adjacent non-cancerous tissues by Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). LINC00961 expression was also evaluated in two luminal A BC cell lines, compared to a normal breast cell line. The comparison of the differences between tumor and adjacent non-tumor samples was performed by paired sample t-test. Moreover, correlation analysis between LINC00961 expression and clinicopathological features was performed using the chi-square, fisher exact, and independent t-test. In order to investigate the possible roles of LINC00961 in luminal A and B BC, different bioinformatics analyses such as functional annotation of the LINC00961 co-expressed genes and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks construction were also performed. Results LINC00961 was selected as a significant DElncRNA which had not been studied in BC. According to q-RT PCR assay, LINC00961 was downregulated in luminal BC tissues and cell lines. Its expression was correlated with smoking status and the age of menarche in luminal BC patients. Also, the results of the bioinformatics analysis were consistent with the data obtained from q-RT PCR assay. The final results indicated that LINC00961 might be involved in multiple cancer-associated pathways such as chemokine, Ras and PI3K–Akt signaling pathways, GPCR ligand binding, and signal transduction in luminal subtypes of BC. CDH5, GNG11, GNG8, SELL, S1PR1, CCL19, FYN, ACAN, CD3E, ACVRL1, CAV1, and PPARGC1A were identified as the top hub genes of the PPI networks across luminal subgroup. Conclusion Our findings suggested that LINC00961 was significantly downregulated in luminal A and B subtypes of BC. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis provided a basis for better identification of the potential role of LINC00961 in luminal subtype of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mehrpour Layeghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Arabpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Esmaeili
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Javad Tavakkoly Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Shakoori
- Medical Genetic Ward, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Erber R, Meyer J, Taubert H, Fasching PA, Wach S, Häberle L, Gaß P, Schulz-Wendtland R, Landgraf L, Olbricht S, Jung R, Beckmann MW, Hartmann A, Ruebner M. PIWI-Like 1 and PIWI-Like 2 Expression in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102742. [PMID: 32987715 PMCID: PMC7598687 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A family of proteins, the PIWI proteins, play a crucial role in the regulation of the development of germ cells and self-preservation of so-called stem cells. Former studies have shown that these proteins can be over- or underrepresented (over-/underexpressed) in some cancers and, in the case of abnormal expression, may be correlated with worse outcomes of tumor patients. In our study, we investigated the influence of the two PIWI proteins, PIWI-like 1 and PIWI-like 2, on the survival of breast cancer patients and their correlation with certain breast cancer subtypes. If a breast cancer showed a higher expression of PIWI-like 1 protein but less PIWI-like 2 protein than in non-tumorous tissue, the patient suffered from a more aggressive breast cancer subtype and had shorter survival. By analyzing these two proteins in breast cancer, we were able to predict tumor aggressiveness and prognosis. Abstract PIWI-like 1 and PIWI-like 2 play a role in stem cell self-renewal, and enhanced expression has been reported for several tumor entities. However, few studies have investigated PIWI-like 1 and PIWI-like 2 expressions in breast cancer subtypes regarding prognosis. Therefore, we examined protein expression in a large consecutive cohort of breast cancer patients and correlated it to breast cancer subtypes and survival outcome. PIWI-like 1 and PIWI-like 2 expressions were evaluated using immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 894 breast cancer patients, of whom 363 were eligible for further analysis. Percentage and intensity of stained tumor cells were analyzed and an immunoreactive score (IRS) was calculated. The interaction of PIWI-like 1 and PIWI-like 2 showed a prognostic effect on survival. For the combination of high PIWI-like 1 and low PIWI-like 2 expressions, adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were significantly higher with regard to overall survival (OS) (HR 2.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24, 6.90), disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 3.27; 95% CI 1.48, 7.20), and distant disease-free survival (DDFS) (HR 7.64; 95% CI 2.35, 24.82). Both proteins were significantly associated with molecular-like and PAM50 subgroups. Combining high PIWI-like 1 and low PIWI-like 2 expressions predicted poorer prognosis and both markers were associated with aggressive molecular subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Erber
- Institute of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen—Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg(EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.); (S.O.); (R.J.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (M.R.); Tel.: +49-9131-85-43634 (R.E.)
| | - Julia Meyer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.M.); (P.A.F.); (L.H.); (P.G.); (M.W.B.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Biostatistics Unit, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.T.); (S.W.)
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.M.); (P.A.F.); (L.H.); (P.G.); (M.W.B.)
| | - Sven Wach
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (H.T.); (S.W.)
| | - Lothar Häberle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.M.); (P.A.F.); (L.H.); (P.G.); (M.W.B.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Biostatistics Unit, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul Gaß
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.M.); (P.A.F.); (L.H.); (P.G.); (M.W.B.)
| | - Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Laura Landgraf
- Institute of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen—Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg(EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.); (S.O.); (R.J.); (A.H.)
| | - Sabrina Olbricht
- Institute of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen—Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg(EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.); (S.O.); (R.J.); (A.H.)
| | - Rudolf Jung
- Institute of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen—Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg(EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.); (S.O.); (R.J.); (A.H.)
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.M.); (P.A.F.); (L.H.); (P.G.); (M.W.B.)
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen—Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg(EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.); (S.O.); (R.J.); (A.H.)
| | - Matthias Ruebner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.M.); (P.A.F.); (L.H.); (P.G.); (M.W.B.)
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (M.R.); Tel.: +49-9131-85-43634 (R.E.)
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Oner G, Altintas S, Canturk Z, Tjalma W, Van Berckelaer C, Broeckx G, Zwaenepoel K, Tholhuijsen M, Verhoeven Y, Berneman Z, Peeters M, Pauwels P, van Dam PA. The immunologic aspects in hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2020; 25:100207. [PMID: 32896829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2020.100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hormone receptor positive/HER2-negative (HR +/HER2-) breast cancer is the most diagnosed breast cancer type, the immunologic aspects HR positive breast cancer (BC) has been neglected until recently. The purpose of this paper is to review the current knowledge of the immune environment in HR positive BC and the potential use of immunotherapy in these patients. METHOD A computer-based literature research was carried out using PubMed, American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting (ASCO) and San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS). RESULTS The tumour microenvironment (TME), with infiltrating immune cells, plays an important role in HR positive BC. However, the effects of these immune cells are different in the luminal cancers compared to the other breast cancer types. Even though PD-1 and PD-L1 are less expressed in HR positive BC, pathological complete response (pCR) was more often seen after PD-1 inhibitor treatment in patients with an increased expression. The studies support the assertion that endocrine therapy has immunomodulatory effect. CONCLUSION The reviewed literature indicates that immune cells play an important role in HR positive BC. Considerably more research is needed to determine the real effect of the TME in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Oner
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp [(MOCA)], Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of General Surgery, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Sevilay Altintas
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp [(MOCA)], Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Zafer Canturk
- Department of General Surgery, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Wiebren Tjalma
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp [(MOCA)], Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Glenn Broeckx
- Department of Histopathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Karen Zwaenepoel
- Department of Histopathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Maria Tholhuijsen
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Yannick Verhoeven
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp [(MOCA)], Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Zwi Berneman
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Hematology, Antwerp University, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp [(MOCA)], Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Patrick Pauwels
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Histopathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Peter A van Dam
- Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp [(MOCA)], Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Mills M, Liveringhouse C, Lee F, Nanda RH, Ahmed KA, Washington IR, Thapa R, Fridley BL, Blumencranz P, Extermann M, Loftus L, Balducci L, Diaz R. The prevalence of luminal B subtype is higher in older postmenopausal women with ER+/HER2- breast cancer and is associated with inferior outcomes. J Geriatr Oncol 2020; 12:219-226. [PMID: 32859560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish whether clinicopathologic and genomic characteristics may explain the poor prognosis associated with advanced age in ER+/HER2- breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cohort included 271 consecutive post-menopausal patients with ER+/HER2- invasive breast cancer ages 55 years and older. Patients were categorized as "younger" (ages 55- < 75) and "older" (ages ≥75). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate locoregional recurrence (LRR), recurrence-free interval (RFi), and overall survival (OS). Gene expression of tumor samples was assessed with Affymetrix Rosetta/Merck Human RSTA microarray platform. Differential gene expression analysis of tumor samples was performed using R package Limma. RESULTS 271 breast cancer patients were identified, including 186 younger and 85 older patients. Older patients had higher rates of Luminal B subtype (53% vs 34%) and lower rates of Luminal A subtype (42% vs 58%, p = 0.02). Older patients were less likely to receive chemotherapy (9% vs 40%, p < 0.001) and hormone therapy (71% vs 89%, p < 0.001). For cases of grade 1-2 disease, older patients had a higher proportion of the luminal B subtype (49% vs. 30%, p = 0.014). Age ≥ 75 predicted for inferior OS (HR = 3.06, p < 0.001). The luminal B subtype predicted for inferior OS (HR = 2.12, p = 0.014), RFi (HR 5.02, p < 0.001), and LRR (HR = 3.12, p = 0.045). There were no significant differences in individual gene expression between the two groups. CONCLUSION Women with ER+/HER2- breast cancer ≥75 years old had higher rates of the more aggressive luminal B subtype and inferior outcomes. Genomic testing of these patients should be strongly considered, and treatment should be intensified when appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Mills
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Casey Liveringhouse
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Frank Lee
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Ronica H Nanda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Kamran A Ahmed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Iman R Washington
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Ram Thapa
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Peter Blumencranz
- Department of Surgery, Morton Plant Hospital, Clearwater, FL, United States of America
| | - Martine Extermann
- Department of Senior Adult Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Loretta Loftus
- Department of Breast Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Lodovico Balducci
- Department of Senior Adult Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Roberto Diaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America.
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15
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Abstract
Background Invasive breast cancer (IBC) can be categorized into prognostic and predictive molecular subtypes (including luminal breast cancer) using gene expression profiling. Luminal IBC comprises a variety of histological subtypes with varying clinical and pathological features. Summary IBC of no special subtype is the most common histological subtype in general and likewise within luminal IBC. Classical invasive lobular breast cancer, typically clustering into luminal subgroup, is characterized by discohesive growth and loss of E-cadherin expression. Infrequent, morphologically distinct luminal IBC subtypes are tubular, invasive cribriform, mucinous, and invasive micropapillary carcinomas. Breast carcinoma with apocrine differentiation, with characteristic expression of androgen receptor (AR), often clusters into the luminal AR category. Rarely, neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast can be seen. IBC of the male breast usually matches with the luminal subtype. Key Messages Independently from histological subtypes, invasive breast cancer (IBC) can be divided into molecular subtypes based on mRNA gene expression levels. Using this molecular subtyping, risk scores based on gene expression profiling (established for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative IBC), grading, and Ki-67 index, prognosis of patients with luminal breast cancer and response to chemotherapy can be predicted. In routine diagnostics, the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 status, and the proliferation rate (Ki-67) are used to determine a surrogate (molecular-like) subtype. Within luminal(-like) IBC, no special subtype and invasive lobular breast carcinoma are the most common histological subtypes. Other rare histological subtypes (e.g., tubular carcinoma) should be recognized due to their distinct clinical and pathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Erber
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Vincent-Salomon A, Bataillon G, Djerroudi L. [Hereditary breast carcinomas pathologist's perspective]. Ann Pathol 2020; 40:78-84. [PMID: 32241645 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2020.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancers occurring in the context of a hereditary mutation of a predisposition gene represent 5 to 10% of all breast cancers, 20 to 25% of which being due to a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. Authorization to market PARP inhibitors for breast cancer patients with hereditary BRCA1 and 2 mutations has recently been obtained. Given the annual frequency of breast cancer, morphological identification could facilitate the patient care process to limit the search for BRCA1 and 2 mutations to patients whose tumors have very specific characteristics. However, only a few morphological features have been recognized and differ depending on the mutated genes. Breast cancer occurring as part of a mutation in the BRCA1 gene is in 85% of cases of high-grade non-specific type invasive carcinomas with very limited contours, contain numerous lymphocytes in the stroma and are of triple-negative phenotype. Carcinomas associated with mutations in the BRCA2 genes and genes more recently recognized as associated with a risk of development of breast cancer (CHECK2, BMPR1A, BRIP1, PALB2, MUTYH) are most often non-specific invasive carcinomas, although other histological types are possible, grade III, luminal B phenotype. Breast cancer occurring in the context of a constitutional mutation of TP53 occurs in women under 35 years old are of non-specific histological type and with an amplification of HER2 in two thirds of the cases. Those associated with a PTEN mutation are readily of the apocrine type. Finally, very rarely, certain lobular-type breast cancers can occur in the context of a constitutional mutation of the CDH1 gene, which codes for the protein E-cadherin. The morphological and phenotypic characteristics may suggest to the pathologist a carcinoma of the breast occurring in a context of hereditary mutation. However, at the present time the only situations where a morphological sorting makes it possible to accelerate the genetic analysis are those of an invasive carcinoma of non-specific type of triple-negative phenotype in a woman of less than 50 years or that of a diagnosis of HER2 breast cancer amplified in a woman under 31 years of age (Chompret criteria). Family background and personal history are of great importance in the genetic counseling indication decision trees. Unfortunately, to date, no quality antibody has been developed against BRCA1 and 2 to help the pathologist identify hereditary cases. The immunohistochemical analysis of RAD51 could facilitate the identification of tumors possibly sensitive to PARP inhibitors. Progress to identify hereditary cancers is expected thanks to the development of artificial intelligence algorithms from digitized histological slides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Inserm U934, département de médecine diagnostique et théranostique, service de pathologie, institut Curie, université Paris sciences lettres, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Guillaume Bataillon
- Département de médecine diagnostique et théranostique, service de pathologie, institut Curie, université Paris sciences lettres, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Lounes Djerroudi
- Département de médecine diagnostique et théranostique, service de pathologie, institut Curie, université Paris sciences lettres, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
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Matsunuma R, Watanabe T, Hozumi Y, Koizumi K, Ito Y, Maruyama S, Ogura H, Goto K, Mori H, Sawai N, Shiiya N. Preoperative concurrent endocrine therapy with chemotherapy in luminal B-like breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2020; 27:819-827. [PMID: 32144735 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Luminal B-like breast cancer is sensitive to both chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of concomitant chemotherapy and endocrine therapy compared with chemotherapy alone in the preoperative setting in luminal B-like breast cancer. METHODS This two-arm randomized clinical trial enrolled patients with luminal B-like human epithelial growth factor 2-negative breast cancer, who were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive preoperative chemotherapy alone or preoperative endocrine therapy concurrent with chemotherapy for 24 weeks before surgery. The primary endpoint was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. The secondary endpoints included the clinical response rate, toxicity, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). RESULTS Overall, 70 patients were randomly assigned to the chemotherapy and chemo-endocrine therapy groups. The pCR rates were 9.7% and 3.0% (P = 0.319), and the clinical complete response rates were 5.9% and 5.6% (P = 0.745) in the chemotherapy and chemo-endocrine therapy groups, respectively. There were no clear differences in treatment-related adverse events or HRQOL between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS In patients with luminal B-like breast cancer, the pCR, clinical response rate, toxicity, and HRQOL with the concomitant administration of endocrine therapy and chemotherapy were not superior to chemotherapy alone in the preoperative setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Matsunuma
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan. .,Department of Breast Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 420-8527, Japan.
| | - Toru Watanabe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hamamatsu Oncology Center, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 430-0929, Japan
| | - Yasuo Hozumi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Department of Breast Surgery, University of Tsukuba Hospital/Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Kasama, Ibaraki, 309-1793, Japan
| | - Kei Koizumi
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ito
- Department of Breast Surgery, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata, Shizuoka, 438-8550, Japan
| | - Shoko Maruyama
- Department of Surgery, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 433-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogura
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Keigo Goto
- Department of Breast Surgery, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata, Shizuoka, 438-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mori
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 432-8580, Japan
| | - Noriko Sawai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hamamatsu Oncology Center, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 430-0929, Japan
| | - Norihiko Shiiya
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
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Beyene DA, Kanarek NF, Naab TJ, Ricks-Santi LL, Hudson TS. Annexin 2 protein expression is associated with breast cancer subtypes in African American women. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03241. [PMID: 32072035 PMCID: PMC7011040 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A review of literature on the expression of Annexin 2 in cancer has shown that there is very limited research work on the association of this protein with breast cancer aggressiveness in African Americans. In the present study, TMA breast tissues from African American women were stained with Annexin 2 antibody to determine the association between the molecular subtypes and Annexin 2 protein expression. METHOD An annotated case series of 135 breast cancer tissues archived from 2000 to 2010 was acquired from the Howard University Tumor Registry. The association between ANX2 expression and survival by molecular subtypes Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2, and Triple Negative (TN) was assessed using Multinomial regression, chi-square analysis, and Kaplan-Meir graphs (Stata 11). RESULTS Our findings show a marked association between ANX2 protein expression in Luminal B and HER2 subtypes unadjusted and when adjusted for age. Borderline differences in tumor grade were found in TN only.Univariately, age (<50, 50 + years) and metastases were highly significant for overall survival, disease-free survival and recurrence-free survival. Stage, tumor size, and nodal involvement were of borderline or greater significance for overall and disease-free survival. ANX2 expression was not significant. Kaplan Meier tests of ANX2 showed significant separation of overall survival by ANX2 protein expression in all breast tumor subtypes. In multivariate analyses comparing TN to Luminal A, ANX2 was not important while controlling for age and grade. CONCLUSION ANX2 might be a biomarker of aggressiveness and a relevant candidate biomarker in high risk African American women with Luminal B and HER2 breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desta A. Beyene
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Research, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Howard University Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Norma F. Kanarek
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Department of Oncology, Johns Hospital School of Medicine, USA
| | - Tammey J. Naab
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Luisel L. Ricks-Santi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cancer Research Center, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Tamaro S. Hudson
- Department of Research, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
- Howard University Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Surov A, Chang YW, Li L, Martincich L, Partridge SC, Kim JY, Wienke A. Apparent diffusion coefficient cannot predict molecular subtype and lymph node metastases in invasive breast cancer: a multicenter analysis. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1043. [PMID: 31690273 PMCID: PMC6833245 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiological imaging plays a central role in the diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). Some studies suggest MRI techniques like diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) may provide further prognostic value by discriminating between tumors with different biologic characteristics including receptor status and molecular subtype. However, there is much contradictory reported data regarding such associations in the literature. The purpose of the present study was to provide evident data regarding relationships between quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on DWI and pathologic prognostic factors in BC. Methods Data from 5 centers (661 female patients, mean age, 51.4 ± 10.5 years) were acquired. Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was diagnosed in 625 patients (94.6%) and invasive lobular carcinoma in 36 cases (5.4%). Luminal A carcinomas were diagnosed in 177 patients (28.0%), luminal B carcinomas in 279 patients (44.1%), HER 2+ carcinomas in 66 cases (10.4%), and triple negative carcinomas in 111 patients (17.5%). The identified lesions were staged as T1 in 51.3%, T2 in 43.0%, T3 in 4.2%, and as T4 in 1.5% of the cases. N0 was found in 61.3%, N1 in 33.1%, N2 in 2.9%, and N3 in 2.7%. ADC values between different groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test and by the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The association between ADC and Ki 67 values was calculated by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results ADC values of different tumor subtypes overlapped significantly. Luminal B carcinomas had statistically significant lower ADC values compared with luminal A (p = 0.003) and HER 2+ (p = 0.007) lesions. No significant differences of ADC values were observed between luminal A, HER 2+ and triple negative tumors. There were no statistically significant differences of ADC values between different T or N stages of the tumors. Weak statistically significant correlation between ADC and Ki 67 was observed in luminal B carcinoma (r = − 0.130, p = 0.03). In luminal A, HER 2+ and triple negative tumors there were no significant correlations between ADC and Ki 67. Conclusion ADC was not able to discriminate molecular subtypes of BC, and cannot be used as a surrogate marker for disease stage or proliferation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Surov
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Yun-Woo Chang
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, 59 Daesakwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Lihua Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Laura Martincich
- Unit of Radiology, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Savannah C Partridge
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 825 Eastlake Ave. E, G2-600, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Jin You Kim
- Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute 1-10, Ami-Dong, Seo-gu, Busan, 602-739, South Korea
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str, 06097, Halle, Germany
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20
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Viale G, Hanlon Newell AE, Walker E, Harlow G, Bai I, Russo L, Dell'Orto P, Maisonneuve P. Ki-67 (30-9) scoring and differentiation of Luminal A- and Luminal B-like breast cancer subtypes. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 178:451-458. [PMID: 31422497 PMCID: PMC6797656 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05402-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ki-67 labeling index assessed by immunohistochemical assays has been shown useful in assessing the risk of recurrence for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive HER2-negative breast cancers (BC) and distinguishing Luminal A-like from Luminal B-like tumors. We aimed to assess the performance of the Ventana CONFIRM anti-Ki-67 (30-9) Rabbit Monoclonal Primary Antibody. METHODS We constructed a case-cohort design based on a random sample (n = 679) of all patients operated on for a first primary, non-metastatic, ER-positive, HER2-negative BC at the European Institute of Oncology (IEO) Milan, Italy during 1998-2002 and all additional patients (n = 303) operated during the same period, who developed an event (metastasis in distant organs or death due to BC as primary event) and were not included in the previous subset. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression with inverse subcohort sampling probability weighting was used to evaluate the risk of event according to Ki-67 (30-9) and derived intrinsic molecular subtype, using previously defined cutoff values, i.e., respectively 14% and 20%. RESULTS Ki-67 was < 14% in 318 patients (32.4%), comprised between 14 and 19% in 245 patients (24.9%) and ≥ 20 in 419 patients (42.7%). At multivariable analysis, the risk of developing distant disease was 1.88 (95% CI 1.20-2.93; P = 0.006) for those with Ki-67 comprised between 14 and 19%, and 3.06 (95% CI 1.93-4.84; P < 0.0001) for those with Ki-67 ≥ 20% compared to those with Ki-67 < 14%. Patients with Luminal B-like BC had an approximate twofold risk of developing distant disease (HR = 1.91; 95% CI 1.35-2.71; P = 0.0003) than patients with Luminal A-like BC defined using Ki-67 (30-9). CONCLUSIONS Ki-67 evaluation using the 30-9 rabbit monoclonal primary antibody was able to stratify patients with ER-positive HER2-negative BC into prognostically distinct groups. Ki-67 assessment, with strict adherence to the international recommendations, should be included among the clinically useful biological parameters for the best treatment of patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Viale
- Department of Pathology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Greg Harlow
- Ventana Medical Systems, Inc., Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Isaac Bai
- Ventana Medical Systems, Inc., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Leila Russo
- Department of Pathology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Dell'Orto
- Department of Pathology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Maisonneuve
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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21
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Parise CA, Caggiano V. Differences in clinicopatholgic characteristics and risk of mortality between the triple positive and ER+/PR+/HER2- breast cancer subtypes. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:417-424. [PMID: 30879205 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study compared the demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics and risk of mortality between the triple positive (TP) and ER+/PR+/HER2- breast cancer subtypes. METHODS Cases of first primary female invasive TP and ER+/PR+/HER2- breast cancer were obtained from the California Cancer Registry. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare differences in factors associated with the TP versus the ER+/PR+/HER2- subtype. Cox regression was used to compute the adjusted risk of breast cancer-specific mortality of the TP versus ER+/PR+/HER2-. RESULTS The odds of TP versus ER+/PR+/HER2- were higher with advanced stage, high grade, low SES, ≤ 45 years of age (OR 1.48; CI 1.40-1.55), black (OR 1.11; CI 1.02-1.21), Asian/Pacific Islander (OR 1.15; CI 1.09-1.22), and uninsured (OR 1.42; CI 1.15-1.73). Unadjusted survival analysis indicated worse survival for the TP when compared with the ER+/PR+/HER2- subtype. However, adjusted risk of mortality for the TP subtype was not statistically significantly worse than the ER+/PR+/HER2- subtype. CONCLUSIONS Young age, advanced stage and grade, low SES, black and API race, and lack of health insurance are more common in the TP subtype than in the ER+/PR+/HER2- subtype. However the risk of mortality between these two subtypes is similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Parise
- Sutter Institute for Medical Research, 2801 Capitol Ave, Suite 400, Sacramento, CA, 95816, USA.
| | - Vincent Caggiano
- Sutter Institute for Medical Research, 2801 Capitol Ave, Suite 400, Sacramento, CA, 95816, USA
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22
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Haque W, Verma V, Hatch S, Suzanne Klimberg V, Brian Butler E, Teh BS. Response rates and pathologic complete response by breast cancer molecular subtype following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 170:559-567. [PMID: 29693228 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This is the largest study to date evaluating response rates and pathologic complete response (pCR) and predictors thereof, based on molecular subtype, in women with breast cancer having undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC). METHODS The National Cancer Database was queried for women with cT1-4N1-3M0 breast cancer having received NC. Patients were divided into four subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, Her2, or triple negative (TN). Multivariable logistic regression ascertained factors associated with developing pCR. Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated overall survival (OS) between patients by degree of response to NC when stratifying patients by subtype. RESULTS Of a total of 13,939 women, 322 (2%) were luminal A, 5941 (43%) luminal B, 2274 (16%) Her2, and 5402 (39%) TN. Overall, 19% of all patients achieved pCR, the lowest in luminal A (0.3%) and the highest in Her2 (38.7%). Molecular subtype was an independent predictor of both pCR and OS in this population. Clinical downstaging was associated with improved survival, mostly in women with luminal B, Her2, and TN subtypes. Subgroup analysis of the pCR population demonstrated 5-year OS in the luminal B, Her2, and TN cohorts of 93.0, 94.2, and 90.6%, respectively (Her2 vs. TN, p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Assessing nearly 14,000 women from a contemporary United States database, this is the largest known study examining the relationship between response to NC and molecular subtype. Women with luminal A disease are the least likely to undergo pCR, with the highest rates in Her2 disease. Degree of response is associated with OS, especially in luminal B, Her2, and TN patients. Despite the comparatively higher likelihood of achieving pCR in TN cases, this subgroup may still experience a survival detriment, which has implications for an ongoing national randomized trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Haque
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Cancer Center, and Research Institute, Weil Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sandra Hatch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - V Suzanne Klimberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - E Brian Butler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bin S Teh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Benizri S, Ferey L, Alies B, Mebarek N, Vacher G, Appavoo A, Staedel C, Gaudin K, Barthélémy P. Nucleoside-Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Sorafenib Delivery. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:17. [PMID: 29327307 PMCID: PMC5764907 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2420-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although the application of sorafenib, a small inhibitor of tyrosine protein kinases, to cancer treatments remains a worldwide option in chemotherapy, novel strategies are needed to address the low water solubility (< 5 μM), toxicity, and side effects issues of this drug. In this context, the use of nanocarriers is currently investigated in order to overcome these drawbacks. In this contribution, we report a new type of sorafenib-based nanoparticles stabilized by hybrid nucleoside-lipids. The solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) showed negative or positive zeta potential values depending on the nucleoside-lipid charge. Transmission electron microscopy of sorafenib-loaded SLNs revealed parallelepiped nanoparticles of about 200 nm. Biological studies achieved on four different cell lines, including liver and breast cancers, revealed enhanced anticancer activities of Sorafenib-based SLNs compared to the free drug. Importantly, contrast phase microscopy images recorded after incubation of cancer cells in the presence of SLNs at high concentration in sorafenib (> 80 μM) revealed a total cancer cell death in all cases. These results highlight the potential of nucleoside-lipid-based SLNs as drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Benizri
- University of Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1212, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, UMR 5320, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ludivine Ferey
- University of Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1212, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, UMR 5320, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bruno Alies
- University of Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1212, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, UMR 5320, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Naila Mebarek
- University of Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1212, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, UMR 5320, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gaelle Vacher
- University of Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1212, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, UMR 5320, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ananda Appavoo
- University of Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1212, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cathy Staedel
- University of Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1212, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, UMR 5320, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Karen Gaudin
- University of Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1212, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, UMR 5320, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Barthélémy
- University of Bordeaux, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1212, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
- CNRS, UMR 5320, ARNA laboratory, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
- ARNA Laboratory, team ChemBioPharm, U1212 INSERM-UMR 5320 CNRS, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Hashmi AA, Aijaz S, Khan SM, Mahboob R, Irfan M, Zafar NI, Nisar M, Siddiqui M, Edhi MM, Faridi N, Khan A. Prognostic parameters of luminal A and luminal B intrinsic breast cancer subtypes of Pakistani patients. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:1. [PMID: 29291744 PMCID: PMC5749004 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-017-1299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prognosis of breast cancer and success of therapeutic interventions largely rely on the clinico-pathologic and biological characteristics of the tumor and vary due to the heterogeneous nature of breast cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and prognostic parameters of luminal breast cancers in our population to devise targeted and personalized therapeutic regimens tailored to the needs of the loco-regional population. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study including 1951 cases of primary breast cancer treated at Liaquat National Hospital Karachi was conducted during the year 2011–2016. The clinico-pathologic characteristics were observed and semiquantitative immunohistochemical analysis was performed to study the luminal subtypes A and B. The cross-tabulated statistics of the observed characteristics were performed between the two subtypes. The significance level of each characteristic was estimated utilizing the chi-square test. Results Luminal cancers comprised 62.7% of the total number of cases diagnosed with breast cancers in the study period. Out of these 1224 cases of luminal cancers, 845 cases (69%) were luminal B, while 379 (31%) cases were of luminal A. Luminal B cancers were significantly more common in younger age groups as compared to luminal A cancers. Comparison of the two subtypes of luminal breast cancers revealed significant differences. Luminal B cancers were associated with higher grade (26% grade III in luminal B compared to 8% in luminal A), micropapillary histology, and high frequency of nodal metastasis (54 vs. 43%). Conclusions Luminal B comprised the most frequent subtype of breast cancer in our study and they were found more constantly in a younger age group. Moreover, they were associated with adverse clinico-histologic parameters like higher grade and nodal metastasis. Therefore, we suggest that, despite lack of widespread availability of molecular studies in our setup, IHC-based typing should be done in every case of breast cancer to individualize therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Ali Hashmi
- Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saher Aijaz
- Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Raeesa Mahboob
- Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Mariam Nisar
- Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Naveen Faridi
- Department of Pathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Amir Khan
- Department of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan.
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Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and represents one of the top five leading causes of cancer-related mortality. Inherited and acquired genetic mutations as well as epigenetic aberrations are known to be important contributors to the development and progression of breast cancer. Recent developments in high-throughput technologies have increased our understanding of the molecular changes in breast cancer, leading to the identification of distinctive genetic and epigenetic modifications in different breast cancer molecular subtypes. These genetic and epigenetic changes in luminal A, luminal B, ERBB2/HER2-enriched, basal-like, and normal-like breast cancer subtypes are discussed in this chapter. Furthermore, recent epigenome studies provided more information about further stratification of breast cancer subtypes, with essential role in the appropriate diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Thus, the inclusion of both genetic and epigenetic information in breast cancer clinical care could provide critical scientific base for precision medicine in breast cancer.
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Rajc J, Gugić D, Fröhlich I, Marjanović K, Dumenčić B. Prognostic role of Nectin-4 expression in luminal B (HER2 negative) breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:1102-1108. [PMID: 28778498 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nectins are Ca2+-independent immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily proteins that participate in the organization of epithelial and endothelial junctions and regulate several cellular activities including the entry of some viruses. Nectin-4 has recently been shown as a metastasis-associated protein in several cancers. In the following study, we have evaluated the expression of Nectin-4 inthe luminal B HER2 negative subtype breast cancer. The study group consisted of 147 patients presenting with primary unilateral breast carcinoma with no evidence of distant metastases. Nectin-4 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and the results were correlated with the clinical data using Kaplan-Meier curves, univariate and multivariate stepwise proportional-hazard analysis (Cox model). Nectin-4 overexpression was significantly correlated with the tumour size (p<0.05; Fisher's Exact Test), also Nectin-4 expression was negatively associated with overall survival, disease free survival and distant relapse free survival with the same significance (p<0,001; Kaplan-Meier, Cox model). We did not find statistically significant correlation between Nectin-4 and age, ER, PR, age, lymph node metastasis, tumour differentiation, histologicalsubtype and Ki-67proliferation index. We suggest that Nectin-4 is a relevant prognostic factor and a therapeutic target in luminalB (HER2 negative) breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Rajc
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Osijek University Hospital, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Damir Gugić
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Clinical Department of Oncology, Osijek University Hospital, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Irena Fröhlich
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Osijek University Hospital, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ksenija Marjanović
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Osijek University Hospital, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Boris Dumenčić
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Osijek University Hospital, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Ayoub NM, Siddique AB, Ebrahim HY, Mohyeldin MM, El Sayed KA. The olive oil phenolic (-)-oleocanthal modulates estrogen receptor expression in luminal breast cancer in vitro and in vivo and synergizes with tamoxifen treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 810:100-11. [PMID: 28625568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Luminal breast cancer represents a therapeutic challenge in terms of aggressive disease and emerging resistance to targeted therapy. (-)-Oleocanthal has demonstrated anticancer activity in multiple human cancers. The goal of this study was to explore the effect of (-)-oleocanthal treatment on growth of luminal breast cancer cells and to examine the effect of combination of (-)-oleocanthal with tamoxifen. Results showed that (-)-oleocanthal inhibited growth of BT-474, MCF-7, and T-47D human breast cancer cells in mitogen-free media with IC50 values of 32.7, 24.07, and 80.93µM, respectively. Similarly, (-)-oleocanthal suppressed growth of BT-474, MCF-7, and T-47D cells in 17β-estradiol-supplemented media with IC50 values of 22.28, 20.77, and 83.91µM, respectively. Combined (-)-oleocanthal and tamoxifen treatments resulted in a synergistic growth inhibition of BT-474, MCF-7, and T-47D cells with combination index values of 0.65, 0.61, and 0.53 for each cell line, respectively. In-silico docking studies indicated high degree of overlapping for the binding of (-)-oleocanthal and 17β-estradiol to estrogen receptors, while (-)-oleocanthal and tamoxifen have distinguished binding modes. Treatment with 5mg/kg or 10mg/kg (-)-oleocanthal resulted in 97% inhibition of tumor growth in orthotopic athymic mice bearing BT-474 tumor xenografts compared to vehicle-treated animals. (-)-Oleocanthal treatment reduced total levels of estrogen receptors in BT-474 cells both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, (-)-oleocanthal showed a potential beneficial effect in suppressing growth of hormone-dependent breast cancer and improving sensitivity to tamoxifen treatment. These findings provide rational for evaluating the effect of (-)-oleocanthal in combination with endocrine treatments in luminal breast cancer.
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McGuire A, Kalinina O, Holian E, Curran C, Malone CA, McLaughlin R, Lowery A, Brown JAL, Kerin MJ. Differential impact of hormone receptor status on survival and recurrence for HER2 receptor-positive breast cancers treated with Trastuzumab. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 164:221-229. [PMID: 28378298 PMCID: PMC5487720 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hormone receptor status has major implications for treatment and survival of breast cancer. Yet the impact of hormone receptor status on outcome after Trastuzumab has received little attention. The objective here was to explore any differential effects of Trastuzumab treatment (Trast +ve) on Luminal B HER2 or HER2+(ER-) breast cancer subtypes. METHODS A cohort of 469 HER2 receptor-positive breast cancers was categorised by molecular subtype and Trastuzumab treatment. Effects of Trastuzumab treatment on survival, locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis were investigated by subtype, using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Trast +ve Luminal B HER2 patients had significant improvements in 5-year DFS (p < 0.001) and OS (p < 0.001), while Trast +ve HER2+(ER-) patients had significant improvements in 5-year DFS (p = 0.012) alone. Only Trast +ve Luminal B HER2 cancers displayed a significant reduction in LRR rates (p < 0.001). A significant reduction in distant metastasis rates was seen in Trast +ve Luminal B HER2 (p < 0.001) and HER2+(ER-) (p = 0.009) cancers. Interestingly, bone metastasis rates in Trast +ve Luminal B HER2 cancers demonstrated the greatest reduction (36.2-6.7%). Multivariate analysis of Trast +ve patients found no difference in distant metastasis rates (p = 0.96) between subtypes. Significantly, lower LRR rates were seen in Trast +ve Luminal B HER2 cancers, compared to Trast +ve HER2+(ER-) (p = 0.018). CONCLUSION An enhanced response to Trastuzumab was seen in Luminal B HER2 cancers. We highlight how Trastuzumab treatment changed the natural history of the HER2 receptor-positive breast cancer, demonstrating improved efficacy in changing the outcome of hormone receptor-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew McGuire
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Olga Kalinina
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Emma Holian
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Catherine Curran
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Carmel A Malone
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ray McLaughlin
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aoife Lowery
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - James A L Brown
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Michael J Kerin
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Fredholm H, Magnusson K, Lindström LS, Garmo H, Fält SE, Lindman H, Bergh J, Holmberg L, Pontén F, Frisell J, Fredriksson I. Long-term outcome in young women with breast cancer: a population-based study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 160:131-43. [PMID: 27624330 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Whether young age at diagnosis of breast cancer is an independent risk factor for death remains controversial, and the question whether young age should be considered in treatment decisions is still to be answered. Methods From a population-based cohort of 22,017 women with breast cancer, all women <35 years (n = 471) were compared to a random sample of 700 women aged 35–69 years from the same cohort. Information on patient and tumor characteristics, treatment, and follow-up was collected from the medical records. Tissue microarrays were produced for analysis of classical biomarkers. Breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), distant disease-free survival (DDFS), and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) by age were compared using women 50–69 years as reference. Results At 10 years follow-up, women <35 years and 35–39 years had a worse BCSS [age <35 years 69 % (HR 2.75, 95 % CI 1.93–3.94), age 35–39 years 76 % (HR 2.33, 95 % CI 1.54–3.52), age 40–49 years 84 % (HR 1.53, 95 % CI 0.97–2.39), and age 50–69 years 89 % (reference)]. The worse BCSS was statistically significant in stages I–IIa and Luminal B tumors. At multivariate analysis age <35 years and 35–39 years confined a risk in LRFS (HR 2.13, 95 % CI 1.21–3.76 and HR 1.97, 95 % CI 1.06–3.68) but not in DDFS and BCSS. In the subgroup of women <40 years with luminal tumors stage I–IIa, low age remained an independent risk factor also in DDFS (HR 1.87, 95 % CI 1.03–3.44). Conclusion Young women have a high risk of systemic disease even when diagnosed in an early stage. The excess risk of relapse is most pronounced in Luminal B tumors, where low age is an independent prognostic factor of DDFS and LRFS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10549-016-3983-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Park C, Park K, Kim J, Sin Y, Park I, Cho H, Yang K, Bae BN, Kim KW, Ahn S, Gwak G. Prognostic values of negative estrogen or progesterone receptor expression in patients with luminal B HER2-negative breast cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2016; 14:244. [PMID: 27619909 PMCID: PMC5020449 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-016-0999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The luminal subtype of breast cancer is sensitive to anti-estrogen therapy and shows a better prognosis than that of human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2)-enriched or triple-negative breast cancer. However, the luminal type of breast cancer is heterogeneous and can have aggressive clinical features. We investigated the clinical implications of single hormone receptor negativity in a luminal B HER2-negative group. METHODS We collected luminal B HER2-negative breast cancer data that were estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positive, Ki 67 high (>14 %), and HER2 negative and divided them into the ER- and PR-positive group and the ER- or PR-negative group. We analyzed the clinical and pathological data and survival according to ER or PR loss. RESULTS There were no statistical differences in TNM stage, breast and axillary operative methods, or number of tumors between the ER- and PR-positive group and ER- or PR-negative group. However, the ER- or PR-negative group was associated with older age (≥45 years), higher histological grade, lower Bcl-2 expression, and far higher Ki 67 (>50 %). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were shorter in the ER- or PR-negative group than that in the ER- and PR-positive group (p = 0.0038, p = 0.0071). CONCLUSIONS ER- or PR-negative subgroup showed worse prognosis than ER- and PR-positive subgroup in the luminal B HER2-negative group. We could consider the negativity of ER or PR as prognostic marker in luminal B HER2-negative subtype of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansub Park
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-707, Korea
| | - Kyeongmee Park
- Department of Pathology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngjoo Sin
- Department of Radiologic Oncologist, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inseok Park
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-707, Korea
| | - Hyunjin Cho
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-707, Korea
| | - Keunho Yang
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-707, Korea
| | - Byung Noe Bae
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-707, Korea
| | - Ki Whan Kim
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-707, Korea
| | - Sookyung Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geumhee Gwak
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-707, Korea.
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Pendharkar N, Gajbhiye A, Taunk K, RoyChoudhury S, Dhali S, Seal S, Mane A, Abhang S, Santra MK, Chaudhury K, Rapole S. Quantitative tissue proteomic investigation of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast with luminal B HER2 positive and HER2 enriched subtypes towards potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. J Proteomics 2015; 132:112-30. [PMID: 26642762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, breast cancer is one of the frequently diagnosed cancers in women with high mortality if not diagnosed at early stage. Although biomarker discoveries through various proteomic approaches have been studied in breast cancer, a limited number of studies have explored the invasive ductal carcinoma with Luminal B HER2 positive (LB) and HER2 enriched (HE) subtypes. The present study employed the complementary quantitative proteomic approaches to find a panel of markers that could discriminate LB and HE subtypes as well as early (ES) and late stages (LS) of these subtypes. A total of 67 and 68 differentially expressed proteins were identified by DIGE for the subtype and stage wise categories, respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis was employed to identify the set of most significant proteins, which could discriminate between these two subtypes and also early and late stages under study. Immunoblotting and MRM based validation in a separate cohort of samples confirmed that panel of biosignatures for LB are APOA1, GELS, HS90B, EF1A1, NHRF1 and PRDX3 and for HE are PRDX1, CATD, CALR, ATPB and CH60. For the diagnosis of early and late stages the potential markers are TPM4, CATD, PRDX3, ANXA3, HSPB1 and CALR, TRFE, GELS, CH60, CAPG, NHRF1, 1433G, GRP78 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Pendharkar
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India; B. J. Medical College, Sassoon Hospital, Pune 411001, MH, India
| | - Akshada Gajbhiye
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | - Khushman Taunk
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | - Sourav RoyChoudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
| | - Snigdha Dhali
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | | | - Anupama Mane
- Grant Medical Foundation, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune 411001, MH, India
| | | | - Manas K Santra
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | - Koel Chaudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
| | - Srikanth Rapole
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India.
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Inic Z, Zegarac M, Inic M, Markovic I, Kozomara Z, Djurisic I, Inic I, Pupic G, Jancic S. Difference between Luminal A and Luminal B Subtypes According to Ki-67, Tumor Size, and Progesterone Receptor Negativity Providing Prognostic Information. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2014; 8:107-11. [PMID: 25249766 PMCID: PMC4167319 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s18006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The St. Gallen International Expert Consensus of 2011 proposes a new classification system for breast cancer based on its division into five subgroups. The criteria to identify these subtypes were recently refined at the 2013 Conference. In this respect, the authors of this paper have conducted a retrospective analysis of breast cancer subtypes, related to Ki-67 and involvement of the axillary lymph nodes (ALNs). The analysis was performed only in the cases of invasive breast cancer in the pT2 stages. The research and results of the paper have shown that investigating the value of these parameters could be of great benefit in future treatment strategies of invasive breast cancer. METHODS A retrospective analysis of breast cancer subtypes, tumor nodal metastatic staging, and histopathological grading of 108 cases has been performed according to the methods recommended and provided by the St. Gallen International Expert Consensus Report, 2011. The estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), and Ki-67 of 108 tumor samples were all investigated by immunohistochemistry according to the methods used to classify breast cancer subtypes as proposed in the St. Gallen Consensus Report, 2011. Invasive breast cancers (n = 108) were immunohistochemically classified as follows: 28 (25.92%) as Luminal A, 51 (47.22%) as Luminal B (HER2 negative), 21 (19.44%) as Luminal B-like (HER2 negative), 2 (1.85%) as HER2 positive, and 6 (5.55%) as being a triple-negative subtype. RESULTS The conclusion was made that when Ki-67 was found to be higher, patients also showed a higher involvement in their ALNs. The chi-square test shows the difference to be significant (chi-square = 4.757; P = 0.029). Luminal B subtypes had the highest percentage (54.9%) of involvement of lymph nodes when compared to the other four subtypes. The Luminal B subtype had a higher percentage (51.4%) of involvement of lymph nodes than did Luminal A (10.7%). The chi-square test also shows the difference to be significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A combination of the Ki-67 index, HER negative tumors, PR negativity, and a low value that can be used to segregate ER positive pT2 tumors into prognostically significantly different clinical outcomes may be utilized clinically to guide patient management in accordance with these tumor characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorka Inic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Zegarac
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Momcilo Inic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Markovic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Kozomara
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Djurisic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Inic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Pupic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snezana Jancic
- Institute for Pathology, Faculty of Medicine University of Kragujevac, Serbia
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Abstract
Estrogen Receptor-positive/HER-2 negative breast cancers represent a heterogeneous group of tumors. Luminal A and B tumor subtypes can be identified through immunohistochemical assessment of estrogen and progesterone receptor, Ki-67 and HER-2 status. Patients with high levels of expression of steroid hormone receptors and low proliferation (Luminal A) are commonly cured with endocrine therapy alone. Patients with doubtful endocrine responsiveness or with high proliferation index (Luminal B/Her-negative) require the addition of chemotherapy to the best endocrine therapy. Controversies still exist on the identification of those patients who do not benefit from chemotherapy. Tailored adjuvant treatments should be considered in the therapeutic algorithm of patients with luminal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Munzone
- Division of Medical Senology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan 20141, Italy.
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