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Liu T, Feng YL, Wang RY, Yang S, Ge YL, Zhang TY, Li J, Li CY, Ruan Y, Luo B, Liang GY. Long-term MNNG exposure promotes gastric carcinogenesis by activating METTL3/m6A/miR1184 axis-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Sci Total Environ 2024; 913:169752. [PMID: 38163601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
As the representative item of environmental chemical carcinogen, MNNG was closely associated with the onset of Gastric cancer (GC), while the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the potential clinical significance of METTL3 in multiple GC patient cohorts. Additionally, we demonstrated that long-term exposure to MNNG elevated METTL3 and EMT marker expression by in vitro and in vivo models. Furthermore, the depletion of METTL3 impacted the proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis of MNNG malignant transformation cells and GC cells. By me-RIP sequencing, we identified a panel of vital miRNAs potentially regulated by METTL3 that aberrantly expressed in MNNG-induced GC cells. Mechanistically, we showed that METTL3 meditated miR-1184/TRPM2 axis by regulating the process of miRNA-118. Our results provide novel insights into critical epigenetic molecular events vital to MNNG-induced gastric carcinogenesis. These findings suggest the potential therapeutic targets of METTL3 for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan-Lu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Rui-Ying Wang
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yi-Ling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tian-Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Cheng-Yun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Ye Ruan
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Ge-Yu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Jiang W, Lu W, Liu J, Ren H, Zhao X, Yang W. miR-520f-3p blocks MNNG-induced gastric precancerous lesions via the KLF7/NFκB pathway. Toxicol Lett 2024; 392:64-74. [PMID: 38184286 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Studying the regulatory mechanism of gastric disease progression to gastric cancer (GC) is essential. miR-520f expression is down-regulated in GC and inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells, suggesting that it is associated with the development of GC, but whether it plays a role in the gastric precancerous lesion (GPL) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-520f-3p in the N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced GPL model and to elucidate the role of its downstream target gene Kruppel-like factor 7 (KLF7) in it. The experimental results showed that miR-520f-3p expression was down-regulated in the MNNG-induced GES-1 cell model, and overexpression of miR-520f-3p reversed the effects of MNNG on cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) -related protein expression. Meanwhile, overexpression of KLF7 attenuated the effect of miR-520f-3p on GPL. In a mouse GPL model, it was observed that MNNG elicited inflammation and EMT processes in mouse gastric tissues through the KLF7/ Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFκB) pathway, and silencing KLF7 alleviated MNNG-induced gastric epithelial cell injury and gastric atrophy symptoms. These results provide a new perspective for understanding the development of GPL, and the development of new therapies targeting miR-520f-3p and KLF7 may provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin First Central Hospital, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin First Central Hospital, China
| | - Haixia Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin First Central Hospital, China
| | - Xuequn Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin First Central Hospital, China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin First Central Hospital, China.
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3
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Liu T, Feng Y, Yang S, Ge Y, Zhang T, Li J, Li C, Ruan Y, Luo B, Liang G. Depicting the Profile of METTL3-Mediated lncRNA m6A Modification Variants and Identified SNHG7 as a Prognostic Indicator of MNNG-Induced Gastric Cancer. Toxics 2023; 11:944. [PMID: 37999596 PMCID: PMC10674297 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
As a representative example of an environmental chemical carcinogen, MNNG exposure is closely associated with the onset of gastric cancer (GC) where N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation tends to be the critical epigenetic event. However, the effect of m6A modification on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in MNNG-induced GC onset is still unclear. To address the above issue, based on the Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) data of MNNG-induced malignant cells (MCs) and GC cells, we comprehensively analyzed the MNNG exposure-associated vital lncRNAs. MeRIP-seq analysis identified 1432 lncRNA transcripts in the MC cell, and 3520 lncRNA transcripts were found to be m6A modified in the GC cell, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that MNNG exposure could spark cellular localization change, which might be the critical cellular note variation for malignant transformation. We demonstrated that METTL3 is responsible for N6 methylation of lncRNAs and identified SNHG7 as a downstream target of METTL3. More importantly, we observed that SNHG7 was progressively up-regulated during gastric carcinogenesis by MNNG exposure. Finally, we investigated SNHG7 expression in different stages of GC malignancies and found that elevated SNHG7 expression correlated with advanced clinical features and poor prognosis in GC. In conclusion, our study found for the first time that METTL3 regulates the m6A methylation level of lncRNA SNHG7 and its expression in MNNG exposure-induced GC, suggesting that SNHG7 as a predictive biomarker or therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (Y.R.); (B.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.G.); (T.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yanlu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.G.); (T.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.G.); (T.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yiling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.G.); (T.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.G.); (T.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.G.); (T.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Chengyun Li
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (Y.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Ye Ruan
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (Y.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (Y.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.G.); (T.Z.); (J.L.)
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Liu X, Zou X, Zhou Y, Chen R, Peng Y, Qu M. LDHA and LDHB overexpression promoted the Warburg effect in malignantly transformed GES-1 cells induced by N-nitroso compounds. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 180:114007. [PMID: 37648104 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) exposure is a major risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. However, the carcinogenic mechanisms by which NOCs induce gastric and other cancers, especially the NOCs-induced Warburg effect, have not been comprehensively studied. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which has two subunits (LDHA and LDHB), plays an important role in the Warburg effect of tumor cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that LDHA and LDHB could promote Warburg effect in malignant transformed GES-1 cells induced by Nmethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). GES-1 cells were exposed to 1 μmol/L MNNG and cultured for 40 passages. During the culturing process, cell proliferation, migration, and soft agar colony formation significantly increased after 30 passages. Following MNNG exposure, lactate, LDH, glucose uptake, and the expression levels of key enzymes in glycolysis were significantly increased. Knocking down LDHA or LDHB alone reduced lactate secretion, inhibited cell viability, and impaired migratory capacities. Knocking down LDHA and LDHB together fully suppressed lactate secretion and effectively suppressed the malignant phenotype of cells transformed by long-term MNNG exposure. Finally, we demonstrated that overexpression of LDHA and LDHB promotes the malignant transformation of GES-1 cells by enhancing the Warburg effect during long-term exposure to NOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Xihuan Zou
- School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Yueyue Zhou
- School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Ruobing Chen
- School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Yuting Peng
- School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Man Qu
- School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Wang K, Lin X, Wang T, Zhang X, Cheng W, Xu F, Wang L, Li B, Wang M, Wang W, Zhang M, Ding S, Jin G, Zhu Y, Yang W, Hu A, Zhao Q. Synergistic effects of low-dose arsenic and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine co-exposure by altering gut microbiota and intestinal metabolic profile in rats. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 263:115195. [PMID: 37418937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Biological organisms are exposed to low-dose arsenic or N-nitro compounds (NOCs) alone or in combination worldwide, especially in areas with high cancer prevalence through drinking water or food exposure; however, information on their combined exposure effects is limited. Here, we conducted an in-depth study of the effects on the gut microbiota, metabolomics, and signaling pathways using rat models exposed to arsenic or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), one of the most active carcinogenic NOCs, separately or in combination with metabolomics and high-throughput sequencing. Compared to exposure alone, combined exposure to arsenic and MNNG exacerbated damage to gastric tissue morphology, interfered with intestinal microflora and substance metabolism, and exerted a stronger carcinogenic effect. This may be related to intestinal microbiota disorders, including Dyella, Oscillibacter, Myroides, and metabolic pathways such as glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, central carbon metabolism in cancer, and purine and pyrimidine metabolism, thereby enhancing the cancer-causing effects of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), P53, and Wnt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenli Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wuqi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shaopeng Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guoqing Jin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuting Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wanshui Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Anla Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Qihong Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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6
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Lu L, Chen B, Zhang X, Xu Y, Jin L, Qian H, Liang ZF. The effect of phytochemicals in N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitroguanidine promoting the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1203265. [PMID: 37456745 PMCID: PMC10339287 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1203265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, with a low early diagnosis rate. N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitroguanidine (MNNG) is one of the main risk factors for gastric cancer. Phytochemicals are healthy active substances derived from vegetables, fruits, nuts, tea, herbal medicines and other plants. Taking phytochemicals is a very promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer. Many studies have proved that phytochemicals have protective effects on MNNG induced gastric cancer via inhibiting cell proliferation, enhancing immunity, suppressing cell invasion and migration, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, blocking angiogenesis, inhibiting Helicobacter pylori infection as well as regulating metabolism and microbiota. The intervention and therapeutic effects of phytochemicals in MNNG induced gastric cancer have attracted more and more attention. In order to better study and explore the role, advantages and challenges of phytochemicals in MNNG induced gastric cancer, we summarized the intervention and therapeutic effects of phytochemicals in MNNG induced gastric cancer. This review may help to further promote the research and clinical application of phytochemicals in MNNG induced gastric cancer, and provide some new insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lu
- Child Healthcare Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - XinYi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longtao Jin
- Child Healthcare Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao feng Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Liang Z, Song J, Xu Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Qian H. Hesperidin Reversed Long-Term N-methyl- N-nitro- N-Nitroguanidine Exposure Induced EMT and Cell Proliferation by Activating Autophagy in Gastric Tissues of Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245281. [PMID: 36558440 PMCID: PMC9781858 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor worldwide. N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitroguanidine (MNNG) is one of the most important inducing factors of gastric cancer. Autophagy can affect the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, but the mechanism is not clear. Chemoprevention has been shown to be a rational and very promising approach to the prevention of gastric cancer. Hesperidin is a citrus flavone, an abundant polyphenol in citrus fruits and traditional Chinese medicine. It has an excellent phytochemistry that plays an intervention role in gastric cancer. However, it is unclear whether long-term exposure to MNNG will affect the occurrence of gastric cancer by regulating autophagy and whether hesperidin can play an intervention role in this process. In the present study, we demonstrated that long-term MNNG exposure inhibits autophagy in stomach tissues of rats, promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and cell proliferation and suppresses the activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway. We further found that after rapamycin-activated autophagy, long-term MNNG exposure promoted cell proliferation and EMT were inhibited. In addition, hesperidin promotes autophagy and the activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway, as well as the suppression of proliferation and EMT in the stomach tissues of rats. Our findings indicate that hesperidin reverses MNNG-induced gastric cancer by activating autophagy and the PI3K/AKT pathway, which may provide a new basis for the early prevention and treatment of MNNG-induced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Liang
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated of Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated of Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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8
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Sun J, Meng M. Chemoprotective Effect of Scutellarin against Gastric Cancer in Rats: An in vitro and in vivo Study. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1003-1012. [PMID: 35781253 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the chemoprotective effect of scutellarin (SC) in vitro and in vivo against gastric carcinogenesis in rats and celllines and examined the underlying mechanism. Gastric cancer celllines (AGS) was used for the in vitro study and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) profile, histone deacetylase (HDAC) assay, cell cycle & apoptosis ratio and antioxidant parameters were measured. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was used to induce gastric carcinogenesis in rats and the rats received the different doses of SC (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg). The body weight and tumor incidence were measured at regular time intervals. The antioxidant and pro-inflammatory cytokines were estimated. The finding of data showed that the drug was effective against AGS cell line. Supplementation of scutellarin revealed an upregulation in body weight compared with the MNNG group rats. Moreover, it also reduced the incidence of tumor. It also altered the significant DNA density, LDH content, mucus content and acidity. Scutellarin treated rats showed improved activity in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant profile and reversed the content of cytokines compared with MNNG induced gastric cancer group rats. This research reveals the chemoprotective property of the scutellarin and highlights the promising role of drug by alteration of inflammatory pathway by minimizing its adverse effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The first people's Hospital of Yibin
| | - Meng Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University
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Zhang H, Liu Q, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Wang S, Liu R, Pu Y, Yin L. The dysregulation of unsaturated fatty acid-based metabolomics in the MNNG-induced malignant transformation of Het-1A cells. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:30159-30168. [PMID: 34997498 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17622-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that environmental carcinogens exerted an important function in the high incidence of esophageal cancer (EC). Nitrosamines have been identified as important environmental carcinogens for EC. This study aimed to investigate the metabolic disturbances and new key toxicological markers in the malignant transformation process of normal esophageal epithelial cells (Het-1A) induced by MNNG (N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine). Untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic profiling analysis by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) were applied to explore the metabolic network alterations of Het-1A cells. The metabolomic results showed that significant alterations were observed in metabolic signatures between different generations (P5, P15, P25, P35) and the control cell group (P0). A total of 48 differential endogenous metabolites were screened and identified, mainly containing fatty acids, amino acids, and nucleotides. The differential metabolites were predominantly linked to the pathway of biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids metabolism. The cell lipidomic profiling revealed that the most differential lipids contained fatty acids (FAs), phosphatidylcholines (PC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), and phosphatidylserines (PS). The enrichment of the lipidomic pathway also confirmed that the lipid metabolism of biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids was the significant variation during the cell malignant transformation. Furthermore, we detected the expression of the upstream regulatory enzymes related to the unsaturated fatty acids to explore the regulation mechanism. The expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), ELOVL fatty acid elongase 1 (ELOVL1) promoted, and fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) inhibited the key fatty acids of unsaturated fatty acids metabolism compared to the control cell group. Overall, our results revealed that lipid fatty acid metabolism was involved in the malignant transformation of Het-1A cells induced by MNNG and deepened the awareness of the carcinogenic mechanism of environmental exposure pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Chu F, Li Y, Meng X, Li Y, Li T, Zhai M, Zheng H, Xin T, Su Z, Lin J, Zhang P, Ding X. Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Changes in Fecal Metabolic Phenotype in Precancerous Lesions of Gastric Cancer Induced With N-Methyl-N'-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine, Sodium Salicylate, Ranitidine, and Irregular Diet. Front Physiol 2021; 12:733979. [PMID: 34803728 PMCID: PMC8599278 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.733979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) are the most important pathological phase with increased risk of gastric cancer (GC) and encompass the key stage in which the occurrence of GC can be prevented. In this study, we found that the gut microbiome changed significantly during the process of malignant transformation from chronic gastritis to GC in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) multiple factors-induced rat model. Accumulating evidence has shown that alterations in gut microbiota and metabolism are potentially linked to chronic inflammation and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the correlation of gut microbiota and metabolites, inflammatory factors, and the potential mechanism in the formation of PLGC have not yet been revealed. Methods: In this study, multiple factors including MNNG, sodium salicylate drinking, ranitidine feed, and irregular diet were used to establish a PLGC rat model. The pathological state of the gastric mucosa of rats was identified through HE staining and the main inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum were detected by the Luminex liquid suspension chip (Wayen Biotechnologies, Shanghai, China). The microbial composition and metabolites in the stool samples were tested by using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics. The correlation analysis of gut microbiota and inflammatory cytokines in the serum and gut microbiota and differential metabolites in feces was performed to clarify their biological function. Results: The results showed that compared to the control group, the gastric mucosa of the model rats had obvious morphological and pathological malignant changes and the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) increased significantly, while the level of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) in serum reduced significantly. There were significant differences in the composition of the gut microbiota and fecal metabolic profiles between the model and control rats. Among them, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increased significantly, while Turicibacter, Romboutsia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Ruminococcus_1 reduced significantly in the model rats compared to the control rats. The metabolites related to the lipid metabolism and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway have also undergone significant changes. In addition, there was a significant correlation between the changes of the differential inflammatory cytokines in the serum, fecal metabolic phenotypes, and gut microbial dysbiosis in model rats. Conclusion: The activation of the inflammatory response, disturbance of the gut microbiota, and changes in the fecal metabolic phenotype could be closely related to the occurrence of PLGC. This study provides a new idea to reveal the mechanism of risk factors of chronic gastritis and GC from the perspective of inflammation-immune homeostasis, gut microbiota, and metabolic function balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhao Chu
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yicong Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyin Zhai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haocheng Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianxi Xin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zeqi Su
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Ding
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Spleen and Stomach Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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11
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Tong Y, Wang R, Liu X, Tian M, Wang Y, Cui Y, Zou W, Zhao Y. Zuojin Pill ameliorates chronic atrophic gastritis induced by MNNG through TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt axis. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 271:113893. [PMID: 33524511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zuojin Pill (ZJP) is a classic prescription composed of Coptis chinensis and Tetradium ruticarpum (A.Juss.) T.G.Hartley, which is often used in the treatment of digestive system diseases. AIM OF THIS STUDY The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of ZJP on chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) induced by MNNG. MATERIALS AND METHODS The GES-1 and rat model of CAG was established by MNNG. Detection of cell viability, morphological changes and proliferation of GES-1 by CCK-8 and high content screening (HCS) assay. G-17, IL-8 and TNF-α in rat serum were detected by ELISA kit. The expression of related mRNA and protein on TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt signal axis were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS The results showed that ZJP could significantly improve the GES-1 damage induced by MNNG and improve the gastric histomorphology of CAG rats. The intervention of ZJP could significantly reduce the content of G-17 and inflammatory factors IL-8, TNF- α, IL-6 and IL-1β, inhibit the expression of TGF-β1, PI3K and their downstream signals p-Akt, p-mTOR, P70S6K, and promote the expression level of PTEN, LC3-II and Beclin-1. CONCLUSION ZJP has a good therapeutic effect on CAG induced by MNNG, which may be closely related to the inhibition of TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Tong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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12
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Tong Y, Liu L, Wang R, Yang T, Wen J, Wei S, Jing M, Zou W, Zhao Y. Berberine Attenuates Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Induced by MNNG and Its Potential Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:644638. [PMID: 33841162 PMCID: PMC8026873 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.644638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of berberine (BBR) on MNNG-induced chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and the possible mechanism of BBR through TGF-β1/PI3K signal pathway. GES-1 were pretreated with MNNG for 2 h before BBR treatment in all procedures. Cell viability was quantified by cell counting kit-8, and GES-1 morphology and proliferation were detected by high content screening (HCS) assay. The rat model of CAG was established by MNNG, and the therapeutic effect of BBR on stomach histopathology and serum supernatant were analyzed in vivo. In addition, the possible mechanism of BBR was further discussed, and the expression of related genes and proteins in TGF-β1/PI3K signal pathway was detected. The results showed that BBR could significantly improve the survival rate and morphological changes of GES-1, improve the gastric tissue injury of CAG rats, and reduce the expression of G-17 and inflammatory factors IL-8, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. In addition, BBR down-regulated the expression of TGF-β1 axis-related signals such as TGF-β1, PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, p-mTOR/mTOR and P70S6K, and promoted the expression of PTEN, LC3-II and Beclin-1. In Conclusion, BBR can improve CAG which may be closely related to TGF-β1/PI3K signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Tong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Manyi Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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13
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Cui G, Wei F, Wei M, Xie L, Lin Z, Feng X. Modulatory effect of Tagetes erecta flowers essential oils via Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB/p65 axis mediated suppression of N-methyl-N'nitro-N-nitroguanidine ( MNNG) induced gastric cancer in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1541-1554. [PMID: 33394271 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protective effect of Tagetes erecta flowers essential oils was investigated on oxidative stress, immune response, inflammation, and apoptosis against N-methyl-N'nitro-N-nitroguanidine (MNNG) induced gastric cancer in rats. Essential oil were extracted from Tagetes erecta flowers and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). For observing a protective effect against MNNG induced gastric cancer, we divided rats into 4 groups (group A to D) having 10 rats in each group. Performed various experiments and measured a different parameters to investigate antioxidant activity, immune response, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activity. The levels of malondialdehyde were markedly increased in the presence of N-methyl-N'nitro-N-nitroguanidine, whereas, the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase, and catalase were lowered in the treated rats in contrast with the control. Intervention with TEEO to gastric cancer-induced rats upregulated the redox status and the activity of the immune system to decrease cancer risk. The proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) secretions that were induced by MNNG were markedly inhibited by TEEO. Administration of TEEO also significantly reduced terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling positive gastric cancer cells, expression of mRNA of caspase-3, and Bax. Whereas, the expression of Bcl-2 was increased. Additionally, downregulation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and IκBα degradation and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 expression in tissues of the stomach of MNNG-induced-rats were markedly elevated due to TEEO. This suggested possession of TEEO with a protective shield against MNNG induced gastric cancer by the exertion of antioxidative stress, anti-apoptotic response, the anti-inflammatory response through Nrf2/HO-1, and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Cui
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China
- Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China
| | - Fei Wei
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, 210023, China
| | - Muxin Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China
- Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China
| | - Liqun Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China
- Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China
| | - Zhenyan Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China
- Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China
| | - Xiaoke Feng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China.
- Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China.
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14
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Yin J, Yi J, Yang C, Xu B, Lin J, Hu H, Wu X, Shi H, Fei X. Chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia induced by high-salt and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine intake in rats. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:315. [PMID: 33717258 PMCID: PMC7885066 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to induce chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with intestinal metaplasia (IM) in rats by administering saturated salt and methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) via oral gavage. Changes in gastric mucosal blood microcirculation and activation of the cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2)/hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway during CAG and IM development were investigated. After administering saturated salt and MNNG for 25 weeks, mild atrophy was detected in the stomach of model rats using hematoxylin and eosin staining. CAG with IM was successfully induced in the gastric mucosa of the model rats after 35 weeks. Gastric mucosal blood flow was decreased in comparison with controls as early as 15 weeks after treatment to induce CAG and the mRNA expression levels of COX-2, HIF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)1 and VEGFR2 were increased in comparison with untreated rats as early as 25 weeks after treatment. HIF-1α, COX-2 and VEGFR2 expression levels were increased as early as 25 weeks after CAG induction treatment when compared to controls and HIF-1α, COX-2, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 expression levels were significantly increased after 35 weeks. These findings indicated that administering saturated salt and MNNG by gavage for 35 weeks successfully induced CAG and IM in rats. Furthermore, the microcirculation was disturbed before activation of the COX-2/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yin
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jinyu Yi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Chun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Bo Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hongyi Hu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Fei
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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15
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Wu Z, Hui J. Crocin reverses 1-methyl-3-nitroso-1-nitroguanidine ( MNNG)-induced malignant transformation in GES-1 cells through the Nrf2/Hippo signaling pathway. J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 11:1242-1252. [PMID: 33456997 PMCID: PMC7807260 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crocin, an active constituent of saffron, has anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated the relationship of Crocin with human gastric epithelial cells induced by 1-methyl-3-nitroso-1-nitroguanidine (MNNG), and explored the underlying mechanism. METHODS In vivo, the animal growth and atypical hyperplasia were observed in Sprague-Dawley rats. A cell model was established by treating the human gastric mucosa epithelial cell line GES-1 with MNNG. The effects of Crocin on proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GES-1 cells were analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay, respectively. Western blot was used to explore the potential mechanism.. RESULTS The gastric mucosa of animal model deteriorated obviously, the weight growth rate slowed down, and the atypical hyperplasia of gastric mucosa increased. The GES-1 cells had characteristics of malignant cells such as proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis ability. It was found that Crocin suppressed the cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and blocked the cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase simultaneously. Furthermore, Crocin negatively regulated the invasion ability of MNNG-treated GES-1 cells and EMT process. Crocin also increased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), decreased TAZ in MNNG-treated GES-1 cells. Interestingly, Crocin regulated the expression of TAZ and yes-associated protein (YAP) by increasing Nrf2 level, as well as their upstream targets, mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST) and large tumor suppressor (LATS). CONCLUSIONS Crocin protected against MNNG-induced malignant transformation through the Nrf2/Hippo signaling pathway, which might be a drug candidate for clinical gastric cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhide Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, the First People’s Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianping Hui
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi Xian New Area, Xianyang, China
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16
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Isyraqiah F, Kutty MK, Durairajanayagam D, Singh HJ. Leptin enhances N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine ( MNNG)-induced tumour growth in gastric mucosa of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:5967-5975. [PMID: 31444698 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05030-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Individuals who are obese are at a greater risk of developing gastric cancer. They are however also hyperleptinaemic. Chronic leptin treatment has been shown to upregulate numerous cancer-causing genes in the stomach of male Sprague-Dawley rats. It is however unclear if leptin enhances the effect of gastric carcinogens in vivo. This study was therefore done to investigate the effect of leptin on gastric carcinogenesis in rats treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Twenty-four, 6-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into three groups: G1 served as age-matched controls; G2 was treated with MNNG in drinking water ad libitum (200 mg L-1); G3 was given leptin and MNNG. Rats were euthanized after 40 weeks of treatment and their stomachs were removed for histopathology, microarray, and RT-qPCR analysis. Fisher's exact test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyse the data. Fifty percent of the MNNG-treated rats developed gastric hyperplasia (p < 0.05), but there was no significant change in any carcinogenic genes. Concurrent MNNG and leptin treatment however induced hyperplasia, dysplasia, hypertrophy, and adenocarcinoma in 75% (6/8) of the rats; with upregulation of microRNAs, olfactory receptors, Hey2 (transcription factor), Tmed2 (vesicular trafficking), and Lcn11 (cell proliferation) genes. It appears that leptin enhances MNNG- induced tumour growth in stomachs of Sprague-Dawley rats and its role in gastric cancer requires further scrutiny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizatul Isyraqiah
- Faculty of Medicine, Asia Metropolitan University, 81750, Masai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Methil Kannan Kutty
- Faculty of Medicine, Lincoln University College, 47301, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Harbindar Jeet Singh
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. .,I-PPerFORM, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
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17
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Cai D, Yu J, Qiu J, He B, Chen Z, Yan M, Liu Q. Dynamic changes of Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway in gastric mucosa of rats with MNNG-induced gastric precancerous lesions. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10827-10834. [PMID: 30537251 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the changes of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway in the stomach mucosa during the formation of gastric precancerous lesions. METHODS A total of 72 suckling rats in half genders were randomly and equally divided into the normal group and model group. The rats in the model group were administered with 0.1 ml 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) at the dosage of 800 mg/L for 10 days, whereas the rats in the normal group were similarly administered with normal saline. A total of 12 rats in each group were killed at the end of 10th, 22nd, and 34th weeks in half gender, respectively. Histopathological changes of the gastric mucosa were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining; the levels of Shh, Ptch1, Smo, Gli1, Gli2, Gli3, SuFu, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, c-Myc, and β-actin mRNAs in the gastric mucosa were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction; while the protein expression of Shh, Ptch1, Smo, Gli1, SuFu, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, c-Myc, and p-c-Myc was detected by western blot analysis. RESULTS With the development of atrophy and dysplasia of gastric mucosa, the levels of Shh, Smo, Gli1, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, and c-Myc mRNAs increased, while those of Ptch1 and SuFu decreased. The expression of Shh, Smo, Gli1, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, and p-c-Myc proteins were elevated, while the expression of Ptch1 and SuFu proteins were decreased, however, without statistical difference. CONCLUSIONS Shh signaling is activated during the formation of gastric precancerous lesions, which indicates that the Shh signaling pathway participates in the development and progression of gastric precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danli Cai
- Department of ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianshun Yu
- Department of Digestive, Hangzhou Ding Qiao Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- College of Graduate, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beihui He
- Department of Digestive Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- Department of Digestive Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maoxiang Yan
- Department of Digestive Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingsheng Liu
- Department of Digestive, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Chen Y, Fu R, Xu M, Huang Y, Sun G, Xu L. N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-mediated ING4 downregulation contributed to the angiogenesis of transformed human gastric epithelial cells. Life Sci 2018; 199:179-187. [PMID: 29496496 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Angiogenesis is associated with the progression and mortality of gastric cancer. Epidemiological evidences indicate that long-term N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) exposure predominantly contributes to the mortality of gastric cancer. Therefore, further reduced mortality of gastric cancer demands to explore the exact mechanisms of NOCs induced angiogenesis. As a tumor suppressor gene, inhibitor of growth protein 4 (ING4) plays an important role in pathological angiogenesis. In this study, we will investigate ING4 expression level in human gastric epithelial cells after the long-term low dose exposure of N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and the pathological impact of MNNG-reduced ING4 on angiogenesis of transformed cells. MAIN METHODS The soft agar colony formation assay, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and wound healing assay were used to evaluate the characteristics of transformed cells. HUVEC growth and tube formation assays were performed to test the angiogenic abilities. EMSA, luciferase reporter gene assay, real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to explore the exact mechanism. KEY FINDINGS By establishing transformed human gastric epithelial cells via chronic low dose treatment, a gradually ING4 downregulation was observed in the later-stage of MNNG-induced cell transformation. Moreover, we demonstrated that MNNG exposure-reduced ING4 expression significantly resulted into aggravating angiogenesis through increasing the phosphorylation level of NF-κB p65 and subsequently DAN binding activity and regulating the expressions of NF-κB p65 downstream pro-angiogenic genes, MMP-2 and MMP-9. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings provided a significant mechanistic insight into angiogenesis of MNNG-transformed human gastric epithelial cell and supported the concept that ING4 may be a relevant therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansu Chen
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Fu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengdie Xu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yefei Huang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guixiang Sun
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Lichun Xu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Luo Y, Liang M, Yao W, Liu J, Niu Q, Chen J, Liu Z, Li M, Shi B, Pan J, Zhou L, Zhou X. Functional role of lncRNA LOC101927497 in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced malignantly transformed human gastric epithelial cells. Life Sci 2017; 193:93-103. [PMID: 29223541 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Evidence shows that aberrant expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is closely associated with tumor development and progression. However, the role of lncRNA in environmental carcinogen induced gastric tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. This study aimed at investigating the function role of lncRNA in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induce malignantly transformed human gastric epithelial cells. MAIN METHODS In this study, high-throughput sequencing and qRT-PCR assay revealed marked downregulation of lncRNA LOC101927497 in the malignant transformed gastric epithelial cells induced by MNNG (GES-1-T cells), gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays showed that LOC101927497 can suppress the proliferation and migration of GES-1-T cells in vitro. RNA antisense purification experiment showed that LOC101927497 interacted with miR-574-5p in GES-1-T cells the most obvious. Further studies suggested that LOC101927497 may function as a tumor suppressor by interacting with miR-574-5p. KEY FINDINGS LncRNA LOC101927497 functions as a suppressor by interacting with miR-574-5p, thus inhibiting the malignant phenotype of GES-1-T cells. SIGNIFICANCE To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the role of lncRNA in MNNG-induced gastric tumorigenesis, and it will provide new insights into the role of lncRNA in environmental carcinogen-induced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Yao
- Centre Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Jifang Liu
- Centre Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuling Niu
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Jitao Chen
- Centre Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- Centre Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Centre Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyun Shi
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Pan
- Centre Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinke Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Bhavani P, Subramanian P, Kanimozhi S. Preventive Efficacy of Vanillic Acid on Regulation of Redox Homeostasis, Matrix Metalloproteinases and Cyclin D1 in Rats Bearing Endometrial Carcinoma. Indian J Clin Biochem 2017; 32:429-436. [PMID: 29062174 PMCID: PMC5634970 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-016-0605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma is a malignant tumor of the female genital tract. This study has been performed to evaluate the chemopreventive efficacy of vanillic acid (a bio flavonoid) on endometrial carcinoma (EC) by assessing the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), cytochrome P450, antioxidants-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxides (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamins C and E, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9) and cell cycle check point protein (cyclin D1) in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced carcinogenic rats. EC provoked by intravaginal detention of MNNG (150 mg/kg b.w. for 90 days), lead to enhancement of the levels of TBARS, LOOH, cytochrome P450, and decrement in the levels of antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, vitamins C and E) and upregulated expression of MMP-2 and 9 and cyclin D1 (by western blot analysis). The treatment of vanillic acid (100 mg/kg b.w.) to MNNG treated rats (1) normalized the histopathological alterations, (2) reduced the levels of TBARS, LOOH and cytochrome P450 (3) increased the levels of antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, vitamins C and E) in plasma and uterus and (4) down regulated the expression of MMP-2, 9 and cyclin D1. The effect of vanillic acid is more predominant in pre-treatment group than co-treated rats. Our results designate that vanillic acid inhibits the EC by elevating antioxidants and by regulating the levels of metalloproteinase and cell cycle check point protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakkiri Bhavani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002 India
| | - Perumal Subramanian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002 India
| | - Sivamani Kanimozhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002 India
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21
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Huang L, Qi DJ, He W, Xu AM. Omeprazole promotes carcinogenesis of fore-stomach in mice with co-stimulation of nitrosamine. Oncotarget 2017; 8:70332-44. [PMID: 29050283 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate if oral omeprazole application induces cancers of fore and glandular stomach in mice. Methods A total of 66 eligible male mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, which were treated with control reagent, low (6 mg/kg) and high dose omeprazole (30 mg/kg), N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 100 mg/L water), and MNNG plus low and high dose omeprazole, respectively. After 24 weeks, concentrations of acid phosphatase (ACP) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) in serum and spleen was examined, and p21 and mTOR levels in stomach were detected. Results The mouse spleen weight index was smaller in the omeprazole group than the control group, and in the MNNG plus omeprazole groups than the MNNG group. In the fore-stomach, more carcinomas were observed in the MNNG plus omeprazole groups than in the MNNG group. In the glandular stomach, there existed more atypical hyperplasia cases in the MNNG plus omeprazole groups than the MNNG-treated group, and one carcinoma was induced in the MNNG plus high dose omeprazole group. Omeprazole alone caused minor gastric pathological changes. Omeprazole treatment lowered both serum and spleen ACP and NAG levels in both the non-MNNG-treated and MNNG-treated subgroups. In fore-stomach, there existed decreased p21 and mTOR levels in the omeprazole-treated groups than in the control group, and in the MNNG plus omeprazole groups than the MNNG-treated group. Conclusion Omeprazole promotes carcinogenesis of the mouse fore-stomach but not the glandular stomach following treatment with MNNG. Lysosomal hydrolase activity was inhibited and some cancer-associated proteins was dysregulated, which requires further explorations.
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Xu S, Zhao C, Jia Z, Wang X, Han Y, Yang Z. Down-regulation of PARP1 by miR-891b sensitizes human breast cancer cells to alkylating chemotherapeutic drugs. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017; 296:543-549. [PMID: 28660502 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is the most common invasive type of cancer among women. Role of different microRNAs (miRNAs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) in breast cancer has been well established. This study aimed to explore the effects of miR-891b on sensitizing breast cancer cells to alkylating chemotherapeutic drugs through PARPs. METHODS The expression of miR-891b and PARP1 in human breast cancer cells HCC1806 was overexpressed by transfection with their mimics or expressing vector. Then, the transfected cells were exposed to 40 µM N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) for 1 h. The correlation between miR-891b and PARP1 was detected by RT-qPCR, western blot, and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Besides, MTT assay and Annexin V assay were done to measure cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. RESULTS PARP1 was a target of miR-891b, and it was negatively regulated by miR-891b. MiR-891b increased the sensitivity of the HCC1806 cells to the cytotoxic effects of MNNG through suppressing cell proliferation and increasing the percentage of apoptotic cells. Restoration of PARP1 activity in the HCC1806 cells led to loss of miR-891b mediated sensitivity of the HCC1806 cells to MNNG. CONCLUSION MiR-891b increases the sensitivity of the breast cancer cells (HCC1806) to the cytotoxic effects of the chemotherapeutic agent MNNG by suppressing the expression of PARP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujian Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Binzhou Medical University, No. 661, Huangheer Road, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Cui Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Zhongming Jia
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Binzhou Medical University, No. 661, Huangheer Road, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Xilong Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Binzhou Medical University, No. 661, Huangheer Road, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Binzhou Medical University, No. 661, Huangheer Road, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Zhenlin Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Binzhou Medical University, No. 661, Huangheer Road, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256603, China.
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23
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Ah-Koon L, Lesage D, Lemadre E, Souissi I, Fagard R, Varin-Blank N, Fabre EE, Schischmanoff O. Cellular response to alkylating agent MNNG is impaired in STAT1-deficients cells. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1956-65. [PMID: 27464833 PMCID: PMC5020624 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The SN 1 alkylating agents activate the mismatch repair system leading to delayed G2 /M cell cycle arrest and DNA repair with subsequent survival or cell death. STAT1, an anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic transcription factor is known to potentiate p53 and to affect DNA-damage cellular response. We studied whether STAT1 may modulate cell fate following activation of the mismatch repair system upon exposure to the alkylating agent N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Using STAT1-proficient or -deficient cell lines, we found that STAT1 is required for: (i) reduction in the extent of DNA lesions, (ii) rapid phosphorylation of T68-CHK2 and of S15-p53, (iii) progression through the G2 /M checkpoint and (iv) long-term survival following treatment with MNNG. Presence of STAT1 is critical for the formation of a p53-DNA complex comprising: STAT1, c-Abl and MLH1 following exposure to MNNG. Importantly, presence of STAT1 allows recruitment of c-Abl to p53-DNA complex and links c-Abl tyrosine kinase activity to MNNG-toxicity. Thus, our data highlight the important modulatory role of STAT1 in the signalling pathway activated by the mismatch repair system. This ability of STAT1 to favour resistance to MNNG indicates the targeting of STAT1 pathway as a therapeutic option for enhancing the efficacy of SN1 alkylating agent-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Ah-Koon
- INSERM, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris 13, UFR SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Bobigny, France
| | - Denis Lesage
- INSERM, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris 13, UFR SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Bobigny, France
| | - Elodie Lemadre
- INSERM, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris 13, UFR SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Bobigny, France
| | - Inès Souissi
- INSERM, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris 13, UFR SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Bobigny, France
| | - Remi Fagard
- INSERM, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris 13, UFR SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Bobigny, France.,AP-HP, GHU-PSSD, Hôpital Avicenne, Service de Biochimie, Bobigny, France
| | - Nadine Varin-Blank
- INSERM, U978, Bobigny, France. .,Université Paris 13, UFR SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Bobigny, France.
| | - Emmanuelle E Fabre
- INSERM, U978, Bobigny, France.,Université Paris 13, UFR SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Bobigny, France.,AP-HP, GHU-PSSD, Hôpital Avicenne, Service de Biochimie, Bobigny, France
| | - Olivier Schischmanoff
- INSERM, U978, Bobigny, France. .,Université Paris 13, UFR SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'excellence INFLAMEX, Bobigny, France. .,AP-HP, GHU-PSSD, Hôpital Avicenne, Service de Biochimie, Bobigny, France.
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24
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Meschini R, Berni A, Filippi S, Pepe G, Grossi MR, Natarajan AT, Palitti F. The micronucleus assay in mammalian cells in vitro to assess health benefits of various phytochemicals. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2015; 793:79-85. [PMID: 26520376 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the protective effects of Gentiana lutea extracts (GLEx) and 6-Gingerol (6-G) on clastogenicity of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and 7,12-dimethylbenz(α) anthracene (DMBA) in vitro on HepG2 cells using the frequencies of induced micronuclei (MN) as the end point. Pre-, post- and simultaneous treatments with GLEx or 6-G and the carcinogens were carried out. Both GLEx post- and simultaneous treatments reduced the frequencies of MN induced by MNNG and DMBA. Probably this effect is due to an increase of cytostasis and a physico-chemical interaction between GLEx and DMBA under simultaneous treatment. Pre- and simultaneous treatments with 6-G significantly reduced the yield of MNNG-induced micronuclei without affecting % of cytostasis. Simultaneous treatment with 6-G plus DMBA resulted in reduction in the frequency of MN and an increase in cytotoxicity compared to sample treated alone with DMBA, whereas a post-treatment, caused a significant decrease in the yield of MN compared with DMBA alone without any cytotoxic effect. These results are compared with our earlier data obtained in the same system with other phytochemicals. It is concluded that for a critical evaluation of the protective effects of phytochemicals, both the influence on the induced MN and induced cytostasis have to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Meschini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Andrea Berni
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Silvia Filippi
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pepe
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Grossi
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Adayapalam T Natarajan
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Palitti
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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25
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Gerace E, Masi A, Resta F, Felici R, Landucci E, Mello T, Pellegrini-Giampietro DE, Mannaioni G, Moroni F. PARP-1 activation causes neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region by increasing the expression of Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 70:43-52. [PMID: 24954469 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
An excessive activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) may trigger a form of neuronal death similar to that occurring in neurodegenerative disorders. To investigate this process, we exposed organotypic hippocampal slices to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 100μM for 5min), an alkylating agent widely used to activate PARP-1. MNNG induced a pattern of degeneration of the CA1 pyramidal cells morphologically similar to that observed after a brief period of oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). MNNG exposure was also associated with a dramatic increase in PARP-activity and a robust decrease in NAD(+) and ATP content. These effects were prevented by PARP-1 but not PARP-2 inhibitors. In our experimental conditions, cell death was not mediated by AIF translocation (parthanatos) or caspase-dependent apoptotic processes. Furthermore, we found that PARP activation was followed by a significant deterioration of neuronal membrane properties. Using electrophysiological recordings we firstly investigated the suggested ability of ADP-ribose to open TRPM2 channels in MNNG-induced cells death, but the results we obtained showed that TRPM2 channels are not involved. We then studied the involvement of glutamate receptor-ion channel complex and we found that NBQX, a selective AMPA receptor antagonist, was able to effectively prevent CA1 neuronal loss while MK801, a NMDA antagonist, was not active. Moreover, we observed that MNNG treatment increased the ratio of GluA1/GluA2 AMPAR subunit expression, which was associated with an inward rectification of the IV relationship of AMPA sEPSCs in the CA1 but not in the CA3 subfield. Accordingly, 1-naphthyl acetyl spermine (NASPM), a selective blocker of Ca(2+)-permeable GluA2-lacking AMPA receptors, reduced MNNG-induced CA1 pyramidal cell death. In conclusion, our results show that activation of the nuclear enzyme PARP-1 may change the expression of membrane proteins and Ca(2+) permeability of AMPA channels, thus affecting the function and survival of CA1 pyramidal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gerace
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - A Masi
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - F Resta
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - R Felici
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - E Landucci
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - T Mello
- Department of Experimental and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - D E Pellegrini-Giampietro
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - G Mannaioni
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - F Moroni
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
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26
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Yang Q, Xu E, Dai J, Wu J, Zhang S, Peng B, Jiang Y. miR-21 regulates N-methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine-induced gastric tumorigenesis by targeting FASLG and BTG2. Toxicol Lett 2014; 228:147-56. [PMID: 24821435 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recently discovered regulators of gene expression and are important in the regulation of many cellular events. Evidence collected to date shows that miRNAs are altered after exposure to environmental toxicants. However, the role that miR-21 plays in the gastric tumorigenesis induced by environmental carcinogens remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the regulatory role of miR-21 in the carcinogenic processes following exposure to the N-nitroso carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). We found a progressive dose- and time-dependent increase in miR-21 expression following treatment with MNNG. Dysregulated miR-21 affected both cell growth in GES-1 cells and the gastric tumorigenesis induced with MNNG. These data demonstrate the involvement of miR-21 in the malignant transformation and tumorigenesis activated by MNNG. We also established that the Fas ligand (FASLG) and B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2), regulated by miR-21, contribute to the transformation induced by MNNG in GES-1 cells. This is the first study to show that miR-21 is involved in chemical carcinogenesis in vivo and in vitro. The regulation by miR-21 of the gastric carcinogenesis induced by MNNG highlights the functional roles of miRNAs in chemical carcinogenesis, and offers a new explanation of the mechanisms underlying chemical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyuan Yang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, PR China
| | - Enwu Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Guangzhou 510010, PR China
| | - Jiabin Dai
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, PR China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, PR China
| | - Shaozhu Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, PR China
| | - Baoying Peng
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, PR China
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, PR China.
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27
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Pádua PFMR, Dihl RR, Lehmann M, de Abreu BRR, Richter MF, de Andrade HHR. Genotoxic, antigenotoxic and phytochemical assessment of Terminalia actinophylla ethanolic extract. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:521-7. [PMID: 24071477 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Terminalia actinophylla has been used for anti-diarrheic and haemostatic purposes in Brazil. The fly spot data obtained after exposure of marker-heterozygous Drosophila melanogaster larvae to T. actinophylla ethanolic extract (TAE) in the standard (ST) and high bioactivation (HB) crosses revealed that TAE did not induce any statistically significant increment in any spot categories. Differences between the two crosses are related to cytochrome P450 (CYPs) levels. In this sense, our data pointed out the absence of TAE-direct and indirect mutagenic and recombinagenic action in the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART). When the anti-genotoxicity of TAE was analyzed, neither mitomycin C (MMC) nor ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) genotoxicity was modified by the post-exposure to TAE, which suggests that TAE has no effect on the mechanisms involved in the processing of the lesions induced by both genotoxins. In the mwh/flr(3) genotype, co-treatment with TAE may lead to a significant protection against the genotoxicity of MMC and a weak but significant effect in the toxic genetic action of EMS. The overall findings suggested that the favorable modulations by TAE could be, at least in part, due to its antioxidative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F M R Pádua
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada (PPGGTA), Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
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28
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Pepe G, Grossi MR, Berni A, Filippi S, Shanmugakani RK, Papeschi C, Mosesso P, Natarajan AT, Palitti F. Effect of blueberries (BB) on micronuclei induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine ( MNNG) and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in mammalian cells, assessed in in vitro and in vivo assays. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2013; 758:6-11. [PMID: 24060508 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect of blueberry (BB) on the clastogenic effects of MNNG and DMBA was evaluated with the induced micronucleus (MN) frequency as a biomarker, both in vitro and in vivo. Human hepatoma HepG2 cells, which contain most of the metabolic activating enzymes was used for the in vitro test. MN frequencies were determined in binucleated cells generated by blocking cytokinesis by use of cytochalasin-B. The MN frequency in vivo was determined in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) from the bone marrow of treated mice. BB by itself was not toxic both in vivo and in vitro. There was no evidence of a potential physico-chemical interaction between BB and the test carcinogens in vitro. Pre-treatment with BB reduced the MN frequency induced by MNNG. But, simultaneous treatment and post-treatment with BB did not affect the frequency of MNNG-induced MN. BB did not affect the frequency of DMBA-induced MN in vitro under any test condition. Under in vivo conditions, BB reduced the frequencies of MNNG- and DMBA-induced MN in PCEs, but in the case of the protective effect of BB against DMBA a dramatic reduction in the percentage of PCEs was observed, suggesting increased cytotoxicity.
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Mullins EA, Rubinson EH, Pereira KN, Calcutt MW, Christov PP, Eichman BF. An HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous detection of alkylated base excision repair products. Methods 2013; 64:59-66. [PMID: 23876937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA glycosylases excise a broad spectrum of alkylated, oxidized, and deaminated nucleobases from DNA as the initial step in base excision repair. Substrate specificity and base excision activity are typically characterized by monitoring the release of modified nucleobases either from a genomic DNA substrate that has been treated with a modifying agent or from a synthetic oligonucleotide containing a defined lesion of interest. Detection of nucleobases from genomic DNA has traditionally involved HPLC separation and scintillation detection of radiolabeled nucleobases, which in the case of alkylation adducts can be laborious and costly. Here, we describe a mass spectrometry method to simultaneously detect and quantify multiple alkylpurine adducts released from genomic DNA that has been treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). We illustrate the utility of this method by monitoring the excision of N3-methyladenine (3 mA) and N7-methylguanine (7 mG) by a panel of previously characterized prokaryotic and eukaryotic alkylpurine DNA glycosylases, enabling a comparison of substrate specificity and enzyme activity by various methods. Detailed protocols for these methods, along with preparation of genomic and oligonucleotide alkyl-DNA substrates, are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elwood A Mullins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Nikoletopoulou V, Markaki M, Palikaras K, Tavernarakis N. Crosstalk between apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1833:3448-3459. [PMID: 23770045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 936] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis and necrosis are the two major modes of cell death, the molecular mechanisms of which have been extensively studied. Although initially thought to constitute mutually exclusive cellular states, recent findings reveal cellular contexts that require a balanced interplay between these two modes of cellular demise. Several death initiator and effector molecules, signaling pathways and subcellular sites have been identified as key mediators in both processes, either by constituting common modules or alternatively by functioning as a switch allowing cells to decide which route to take, depending on the specific situation. Importantly, autophagy, which is a predominantly cytoprotective process, has been linked to both types of cell death, serving either a pro-survival or pro-death function. Here we review the recent literature that highlights the intricate interplay between apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, focusing on the relevance and impact of this crosstalk in normal development and in pathology. This article is part of a Special Section entitled: Cell Death Pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Nikoletopoulou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Markaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Palikaras
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece.
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Bathaie SZ, Miri H, Mohagheghi MA, Mokhtari- Dizaji M, Shahbazfar AA, Hasanzadeh H. Saffron Aqueous Extract Inhibits the Chemically-induced Gastric Cancer Progression in the Wistar Albino Rat. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2013; 16:27-38. [PMID: 23638290 PMCID: PMC3637902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) Gastric cancer is the first and second leading cause of cancer related death in Iranian men and women, respectively. Gastric cancer management is based on the surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the present study, for the first time, the beneficial effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) aqueous extract (SAE) on the 1-Methyl -3- nitro -1- nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric cancer in rat was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS MNNG was used to induce gastric cancer and then, different concentrations of SAE were administered to rats. After sacrificing, the stomach tissue was investigated by both pathologist and flow cytometry, and several biochemical parameters was determined in the plasma (or serum) and stomach of rats. RESULTS Pathologic data indicated the induction of cancer at different stages from hyperplasia to adenoma in rats; and the inhibition of cancer progression in the gastric tissue by SAE administration; so that, 20% of cancerous rats treated with higher doses of SAE was completely normal at the end of experiment and there was no rat with adenoma in the SAE treated groups. In addition, the results of the flow cytometry/ propidium iodide staining showed that the apoptosis/proliferation ratio was increased due to the SAE treatment of cancerous rats. Moreover, the significantly increased serum LDH and decreased plasma antioxidant activity due to cancer induction fell backwards after treatment of rats with SAE. But changes in the other parameters (Ca(2+), tyrosine kinase activity and carcino-embryonic antigen) were not significant. CONCLUSION SAE inhibits the progression of gastric cancer in rats, in a dose dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: S. Zahra Bathaie, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-21-8288-3851; Fax: +98-21-82884555; or
| | - Hamidreza Miri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Mohagheghi
- The Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini University Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manijeh Mokhtari- Dizaji
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Ali Shahbazfar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Hasanzadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Lamb KL, Liu Y, Ishiguro K, Kwon Y, Paquet N, Sartorelli AC, Sung P, Rockwell S, Sweasy JB. Tumor-associated mutations in O⁶ -methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) reduce DNA repair functionality. Mol Carcinog 2012; 53:201-10. [PMID: 23065697 DOI: 10.1002/mc.21964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
MGMT is the primary vehicle for cellular removal of alkyl lesions from the O-6 position of guanine and the O-4 position of thymine. While key to the maintenance of genomic integrity, MGMT also removes damage induced by alkylating chemotherapies, inhibiting the efficacy of cancer treatment. Germline variants of human MGMT are well-characterized, but somatic variants found in tumors were, prior to this work, uncharacterized. We found that MGMT G132R, from a human esophageal tumor, and MGMT G156C, from a human colorectal cancer cell line, are unable to rescue methyltransferase-deficient Escherichia coli as well as wild type (WT) human MGMT after treatment with a methylating agent. Using pre-steady state kinetics, we biochemically characterized these variants as having a reduced rate constant. G132R binds DNA containing an O⁶ -methylguanine lesion half as tightly as WT MGMT, while G156C has a 40-fold decrease in binding affinity for the same damaged DNA versus WT. Mammalian cells expressing either G132R or G156C are more sensitive to methylating agents than mammalian cells expressing WT MGMT. G132R is slightly resistant to O⁶ -benzylguanine, an inhibitor of MGMT in clinical trials, while G156C is almost completely resistant to this inhibitor. The impared functionality of expressed variants G132R and G156C suggests that the presence of somatic variants of MGMT in a tumor could impact chemotherapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy L Lamb
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Luo C, Wu XG. Lycopene enhances antioxidant enzyme activities and immunity function in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-enduced gastric cancer rats. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:3340-51. [PMID: 21686188 PMCID: PMC3116194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12053340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate anticancer effect of lycopene, we examined the effects of lycopene on the oxidative injury and immunity activities of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric cancer rats. The animals were divided into five groups. Group I served as the normal control and was given corn oil orally for 20 weeks. Group II were induced with MNNG 200 mg/kg body weight by oral gavage at days 0 and 14, and saturated NaCl (1 mL per rats) was given once every three days for four weeks until the end of the experimental period. Group III, IV and V were posttreated with lycopene (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight, dissolved in corn oil) from the sixth week of MNNG (as in group II) induction up to the end of the experimental period. In the presence of MNNG, MDA and immunity levels were significantly increased, whereas enzymatic (SOD, CAT, and GPx) antioxidant activities were decreased in the treated rats compared with normal control rats. Administration of lycopene to gastric carcinoma-induced rats largely up-regulated the redox status and immunity activities to decrease the risk of cancer compared to group II. We conclude that up-regulation of antioxidants and immunity by lycopene treatment might be responsible for the anticancer effect in gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Luo
- Chemotherapy Department, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, 310022, China; E-Mail:
| | - Xian-Guo Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, 310009, China
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