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Di X, Duan Z, Ma Y, Song X, Hao Y, Li G, Tan Z, Lou Y, Lin X. Jiawei Shoutai Pill promotes decidualization by regulating the SGK1/ENaC pathway in recurrent spontaneous abortion. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 318:116939. [PMID: 37479068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jiawei Shoutai Pill (JWSTW) is a traditional herbal formula for recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Although JWSTW significantly improves the clinical symptoms of RSA patients, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF STUDY This study evaluated the expression and function of the serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1/epithelial sodium channel (SGK1/ENaC) pathway and decidualization level in RSA patients and mice. It also investigated the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of JWSTW. MATERIALS AND METHODS 30 early RSA patients and 30 normal pregnant women undergoing induced abortion during the same period were included in the study. Decidual tissues were collected, and HE staining, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and RT-PCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression levels of SGK1, ENaC-a, estrogen Rreceptor β (ERβ), and progesterone receptor (PR) in patients' decidual tissues. Protein expression levels of prolactin receptor (PRLR) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) were also detected. A classical RSA mouse model was constructed, and the mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal, model, dydrogesterone (DQYT) (0.33 g/kg/d), and JWSTW (1.66 g/kg/d). The normal and model groups received the same volume of distilled water by gavage for 8 and 14 days after pregnancy. On the 14th day of pregnancy, the embryonic loss rate of each group, the number of offspring born to naturally delivered mice, and the protein or mRNA expression levels of key factors of the SGK1/ENaC pathway (SGK1, ENaC-a, ERβ, and PR), decidual proliferation marker (Ki67), mesenchymal-epithelial transition (E-cadherin and Vimentin), and decidualization markers (PRLR and IGFBP-1) in mouse decidual tissue on the eighth day of pregnancy were observed. RESULTS The decidual tissue structure of RSA patients was abnormal. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly reduced positive expression of SGK1, ENaC-a, ERβ, and PR proteins in the decidual tissue of RSA patients (P < 0.001). Western blot and RT-PCR analyses demonstrated significantly decreased protein and mRNA expression of SGK1, ENaC-a, ERβ, and PR in the decidual tissue of RSA patients (all P < 0.05). Additionally, protein expression of PRLR and IGFBP-1 was significantly reduced (both P < 0.001). The RSA mouse model exhibited a significant increase in embryo loss rate and decreased litter size (both P < 0.001). Treatment with DQYT and JWSTW rescued the embryo loss rate and litter size to varying extents (all P < 0.05). The protein or mRNA expression levels of SGK1, ENaC-a, ERβ, PR, Ki67, E-cadherin, vimentin, PRLR, and IGFBP-1 in RSA mice were improved to different degrees after treatment with DQYT and JWSTW (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal SGK1/ENaC signaling pathway regulation is closely associated with early endometrial damage in RSA patients. JWSTW promotes endometrial proliferation and mesenchymal-epithelial transition through the SGK1/ENaC signaling pathway, improving endometrial shedding. Consequently, JWSTW is a potential treatment for RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Di
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Zibo Duan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Yucong Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Xiaodan Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Yanzhi Hao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.
| | - Guolei Li
- Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China.
| | - Zhanwang Tan
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China.
| | - Yingying Lou
- Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China.
| | - Xiaohua Lin
- Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China.
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Chatterjee S, Patra D, Ghosh P, Banerjee S, Mishra S, Chakraborty P, Chowdhury KD, Basu A, Sadhukhan GC. Protective role of Decylubiquinone against secondary melanoma at lung in B16F10 induced mice by reducing E-cadherin expression and ameliorating ROCKII-Limk1/2-Cofiliin mediated metastasis. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110486. [PMID: 36208704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most consequential skin cancer with a rising death incidences. Silent but belligerent nature of metastatic sprouting is the leading cause of melanoma related mortality. Invasion of metastatic cells and re-expression of E-Cadherin play the crucial role in the establishment of secondary tumor at distal sites. Thus, manipulation of tumor cell invasion in parallel to regulation of E-Cadherin expression can be considered as potential anti-metastatic strategy. Evidences suggested key role of reactive oxygen species associated ROCK activities in the modulation of metastatic invasion via F-actin stabilization. Here, we first-time report Decylubiquinone, a dietary Coenzyme Q10 analog, as an effective attenuator of pulmonary metastatic melanoma in C57BL/6 mice. Current study depicted detailed molecular interplay associated with Decylubiquinone mediated phosphorylation of ROCKII at Tyr722 along with reduced phosphorylation of ROCKII Ser1366 leading to suppression of Limk1/2-Cofilin-F-actin stabilization axis that finally restricted B16F10 melanoma cell invasion at metastatic site. Analysis further deciphered the role of HNF4α as its nuclear translocation modulated E-Cadherin expression, the effect of reactive oxygen species dependent ROCKII activity in secondarily colonized B16F10 melanoma cells at lungs. Thus unbosoming of related signal orchestra represented Decylubiquinone as a potential remedial agent against secondary lung melanoma.
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Geng YW, Zhang Z, Jin H, Da JL, Zhang K, Wang JQ, Guo YY, Zhang B, Li Y. Mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition of osteoblasts induced by Fam20c knockout. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:155-164. [PMID: 35025083 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fam20c is intimately related to tissue development and diseases. At present, it has been reported that Fam20c regulates the mineralization of osteoblasts, but there are few reports on other effects. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of Fam20c on osteoblasts by knocking out the Fam20c gene. METHODS Fam20c knockout osteoblasts were constructed by transfecting mouse osteoblasts with lentivirus. The proliferation, migration and mineralization of Fam20c knockout cells were detected by CCK-8, scratch test and alizarin red staining assays. The subcellular structure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. RT-PCR was used to detect the differential expression of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET)-related marker genes and core transcription factors. The differential expression of MET-related proteins was detected by immunofluorescence or Western blot. Transcriptome analysis of Fam20c knockout osteoblasts was performed, and real-time PCR was used to verify transcriptome analysis related to MET. RESULTS The proliferation ability of osteoblasts was not significantly changed after Fam20c deletion, but the migration ability and mineralization ability were significantly weakened. There were tight junctions between Fam20c knockout cells. The expression of mesenchymal cell marker genes and core transcription factors was significantly decreased, and the expression of epithelial cell marker genes was significantly increased. The expression of mesenchymal cell marker proteins was significantly decreased, and the expression of epithelial cell marker proteins was significantly increased. Multiple signalling molecules and pathways involved in MET have changed. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of Fam20c resulted in MET. Fam20c affects the transcription of key factors in osteoblast MET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wei Geng
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Jin
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Long Da
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Qun Wang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yao Guo
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China. .,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China. .,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China. .,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Brambs CE, Horn LC, Mende M, Höckel M, Eckey C, Hiller GGR, Höhn AK. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vulvar cancer with and without inguinal lymph node involvement. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021. [PMID: 34495397 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03715-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with increased metastatic spread and poor prognosis. Data on vulvar carcinoma are limited. Methods Thirty-two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (16 with and 16 without inguinal lymph node metastases) and their lymph node deposits were evaluated for immunohistochemical expression of EMT markers (vimentin, cyclin D1, e-cadherin), p16, p53 and Ki-67. Results of EMT-immunostainings were compared to lymph node involvement and expression of p53 and p16. The micro-anatomical staining pattern for EMT markers comparing the tumor center with the front of invasion was analysed in each tumor. Results There was no difference in the expression of EMT markers between node negative and node positive tumors. Staining for vimentin and cyclin D1 was seen within tumor cells at the front of invasion in 100 and 84.4% of the tumors, respectively. The majority of cases (68.7%) showed negative or reduced staining for e-cadherin in this micro-anatomical localization. Tumor cells within the lymph node metastases showed positive staining for e-cadherin in 75% and for cyclin D1 in 49% of the cells but were negative for vimentin in 13 out of 16 cases (81.3%). Tumors with aberrant p53 staining represented a non-significant higher vimentin but significantly higher cyclin D1 expression at the front of invasion than those with p53 wild-type pattern. Conclusion The present study shows no differences in the expression of EMT markers between node positive and node negative vulvar cancers. The evaluation of immunostaining within the micro-anatomical context indicates that an EMT-phenotype is restricted to the tumor cells at the front of invasion. Paired analyses of vulvar carcinomas and their lymph node deposits suggest mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) in the metastatic deposits. Immunohistochemical staining results may suggest that EMT is more prevalent in vulvar cancer with aberrant p53 staining. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00432-021-03715-2.
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Colín-Val Z, López-Díazguerrero NE, López-Marure R. DHEA inhibits proliferation, migration and alters mesenchymal-epithelial transition proteins through the PI3K/Akt pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 208:105818. [PMID: 33508440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and breast cancer is the most common among women. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), the most abundant steroid hormone in human serum, inhibits proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells, modulating the expression of proteins involved in mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. DHEA effects on the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 (mesenchymal stem-like) could be exerted by binding to receptors tyrosine kinase (RTKs) and signaling through MEK/ERK and/or PI3K/Akt pathways. In this study, MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to DHEA in the presence of pharmacological inhibitors of these pathways and a siRNA against PIK3CA gene, which blocks PI3K pathway. Cell proliferation was measured by crystal violet staining, migration by the wound healing and transwell assays, and MET protein expression by western blot. A xenograft tumor growth in nude mice (nu-/nu-) using a siRNA against PI3K was also performed. Results showed that neither of the inhibitors used reverted the antiproliferative activity of DHEA. However, wortmannin and LY294002, inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt pathway, abolished the up- and down-regulation of E- and N-cadherin expression respectively, and inhibition of migration induced by DHEA in MDA-MB-231 cells. The siRNA that blocks the PI3K pathway, abolished the effects of DHEA on proliferation, migration, MET proteins expression and the growth of tumors in nude mice. In conclusion, these results suggest that PI3K/Akt pathway participates in the effects of DHEA on breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaira Colín-Val
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Ciudad de México, Mexico; Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico
| | | | - Rebeca López-Marure
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Davaine C, Hadadi E, Taylor W, Bennaceur-Griscelli A, Acloque H. Inducing Sequential Cycles of Epithelial-Mesenchymal and Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Mammary Epithelial Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2179:341-51. [PMID: 32939732 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0779-4_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and its reciprocal Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition (MET) occur naturally as a cycling process during embryonic and foetal development. The capacity of such iterative cycles to drive cell fate and cellular and molecular behaviour in physiology or pathology remains unclear. We describe here a protocol to induce successive cycles of EMT/MET in an untransformed human mammary epithelial cell line (MCF10A) as well as the necessary controls for cycle validation.
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Chen J, Ren W, Lin L, Zeng S, Huang L, Tang J, Bi S, Pan J, Chen D, Du L. Abnormal cGMP-dependent protein kinase I-mediated decidualization in preeclampsia. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:318-24. [PMID: 33093639 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-00561-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Defective decidual function contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. However, the precise mechanism of defective decidua during preeclampsia has not been characterized. During decidualization, endometrial stromal cells undergo phenotypic changes that are consistent with mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). cGMP-dependent kinase protein I (PKGI)/VASP signaling is important in cell motility proliferation, differentiation and cell adhesion. To investigate this aim, we analyzed PKGI levels, phosphorylated VASP protein levels, and eNOS and sGC protein expression levels during pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia, which indicated that PKGI/VASP signaling function is decreased by the condition. Moreover, we evaluated the differential expression of genes that regulate MET in the decidua resulting from preeclampsia and healthy pregnancies. We discovered that vimentin mRNA levels are decreased in the decidua of preeclampsia, which indicates that excessive MET occurs in the decidua of preeclampsia pregnancies. A fundamental developmental MET program occurred in response to signaling pathways. These results suggest the important role of decreased PKGI/VASP signaling during excessive MET in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
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Zhang M, Li Q, Yang T, Meng F, Lai X, Liang L, Li C, Sun H, Sun J, Zheng H. Positive feedback between retinoic acid and 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt during somatic cell reprogramming. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 9:17. [PMID: 33000315 PMCID: PMC7527398 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) and 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt (AscPNa) promote the reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells. In the current studies, the lower abilities of RA and AscPNa to promote reprogramming in the presence of each other suggested that they may share downstream pathways at least partially. The hypothesis was further supported by the RNA-seq analysis which demonstrated a high-level overlap between RA-activated and AscPNa activated genes during reprogramming. In addition, RA upregulated Glut1/3, facilitated the membrane transportation of dehydroascorbic acid, the oxidized form of L-ascorbic acid, and subsequently maintained intracellular L-ascorbic acid at higher level and for longer time. On the other hand, AscPNa facilitated the mesenchymal-epithelial transition during reprogramming, downregulated key mesenchymal transcriptional factors like Zeb1 and Twist1, subsequently suppressed the expression of Cyp26a1/b1 which mediates the metabolism of RA, and sustained the intracellular level of RA. Furthermore, the different abilities of RA and AscPNa to induce mesenchymal-epithelial transition, pluripotency, and neuronal differentiation explain their complex contribution to reprogramming when used individually or in combination. Therefore, the current studies identified a positive feedback between RA and AscPNa, or possibility between vitamin A and C, and further explored their contributions to reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Guangzhou, 510530, Huangpu District, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Guangzhou, 510530, Huangpu District, China.,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Guangzhou, 510530, Huangpu District, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fei Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Guangzhou, 510530, Huangpu District, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaowei Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Guangzhou, 510530, Huangpu District, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lining Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Guangzhou, 510530, Huangpu District, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Changpeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Guangzhou, 510530, Huangpu District, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Hao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Guangzhou, 510530, Huangpu District, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #190 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Guangzhou, 510530, Huangpu District, China. .,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Institutes for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Saxena K, Srikrishnan S, Celia-Terrassa T, Jolly MK. OVOL1/2: Drivers of Epithelial Differentiation in Development, Disease, and Reprogramming. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 211:183-192. [PMID: 32932250 DOI: 10.1159/000511383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OVOL proteins (OVOL1 and OVOL2), vertebrate homologs of Drosophila OVO, are critical regulators of epithelial lineage determination and differentiation during embryonic development in tissues such as kidney, skin, mammary epithelia, and testis. OVOL can inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition and/or can promote mesenchymal-epithelial transition. Moreover, they can regulate the stemness of cancer cells, thus playing an important role during cancer cell metastasis. Due to their central role in differentiation and maintenance of epithelial lineage, OVOL overexpression has been shown to be capable of reprogramming fibroblasts to epithelial cells. Here, we review the roles of OVOL-mediated epithelial differentiation across multiple contexts, including embryonic development, cancer progression, and cellular reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Saxena
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Toni Celia-Terrassa
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India,
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Bandeira F, Goh TW, Setiawan M, Yam GHF, Mehta JS. Cellular therapy of corneal epithelial defect by adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived epithelial progenitors. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:14. [PMID: 31900226 PMCID: PMC6942321 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1533-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent epithelial defects (PED), associated with limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), require ocular surface reconstruction with a stable corneal epithelium (CE). This study investigated CE reformation using human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC), which derived epithelial progenitors via mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). Methods STEMPRO human ADSC were cultured with specific inhibitors antagonizing glycogen synthase kinase-3 and transforming growth factor-β signaling, followed by culture under a defined progenitor cell targeted-epithelial differentiation condition to generate epithelial-like cells (MET-Epi), which were characterized for cell viability, mesenchymal, and epithelial phenotypes using immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Tissue-engineered (TE) MET-Epi cells on fibrin gel were transplanted to corneal surface of the rat LSCD model caused by alkali injury. Epithelial healing, corneal edema, and haze grading, CE formation were assessed by fluorescein staining, slit lamp bio-microscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, and immunohistochemistry. Results CD73high/CD90high/CD105high/CD166high/CD14negative/CD31negative human ADSC underwent MET, giving viable epithelial-like progenitors expressing δNp63, CDH1 (E-cadherin), epidermal growth factor receptor, integrin-β4, and cytokeratin (CK)-5, 9. Under defined epithelial differentiation culture, these progenitors generated MET-Epi cells expressing cell junction proteins ZO1 and occludin. When transplanted onto rat corneal surface with LSCD-induced PED, TE-MET-Epi achieved more efficient epithelial healing, suppressed corneal edema, and opacities, when compared to corneas without treatment or transplanted with TE-ADSC. CE markers (CK3, 12, and CDH1) were expressed on TE-MET-Epi-transplanted corneas but not in other control groups. Conclusion Human ADSC-derived epithelial-like cells, via MET, recovered the CE from PED associated with LSCD. ADSC can be a viable adult stem cell source for potential autologous epithelial cell-based therapy for corneal surface disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Bandeira
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road, The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.,Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tze-Wei Goh
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road, The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Melina Setiawan
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road, The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Gary Hin-Fai Yam
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road, The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore. .,Eye-Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road, The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore. .,Eye-Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. .,Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore. .,School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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11
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Zhang L, Wu T, Qiao S. miR-1 and miR-802 regulate mesenchymal-epithelial transition during kidney development by regulating Wnt-4/β-catenin signaling. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:7000-7008. [PMID: 31814903 PMCID: PMC6895509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) is an important part of kidney development. However, the role of microRNA (miRNA) in MET and the regulating mechanism is still not well known. MATERIALS AND METHODS qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to detect the expression of miR-1 and miR-802 and related protein expression. Luciferase reporter assay and western blot were used to identify the target of miR-1 and miR-802. Confocal microscopy was used to analyze the MET process. RESULTS We demonstrated that miR-1 expression was downregulated and miR-802 expression was upregulated during kidney development. And during the process, proteins levels of Wnt-4 and β-catenin changed significantly. In MDCK cells, overexpression of Wnt-4 inhibited the expression of β-catenin, and promote the MET, and overexpression of β-catenin inhibited MET. Further studies suggested that miR-1 and miR-802 regulated MET by binding to Wnt-4 and β-catenin mRNA, regulated the expression of Wnt-4 and β-catenin. In conclusion, miR-1 and miR-802 regulate MET during kidney development by regulating Wnt-4/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563003, P. R. China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563003, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563003, P. R. China
| | - Sen Qiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563003, P. R. China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563003, P. R. China
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12
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Tian H, Xu JY, Tian Y, Cao Y, Lian C, Ou Q, Wu B, Jin C, Gao F, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Li W, Lu L, Xu GT. A cell culture condition that induces the mesenchymal-epithelial transition of dedifferentiated porcine retinal pigment epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2018; 177:160-172. [PMID: 30096326 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathological change of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is one of the main reasons for the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Thus, cultured RPE cells are a proper cell model for studying the etiology of AMD in vitro. However, such cultured RPE cells easily undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that results in changes of cellular morphology and functions of the cells. To restore and maintain the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) of the cultured RPE cells, we cultivated dedifferentiated porcine RPE (pRPE) cells and compared their behaviors in four conditions: 1) in cell culture dishes with DMEM/F12 containing FBS (CC dish-FBS), 2) in petri dishes with DMEM/F12 containing FBS (Petri dish-FBS), 3) in cell culture dishes with DMEM/F12 containing N2 and B27 supplements (CC dish-N2B27), and 4) in petri dishes with DMEM/F12 containing N2 and B27 (Petri dish-N2B27). In addition to observing the cell morphology and behavior, RPE specific markers, as well as EMT-related genes and proteins, were examined by immunostaining, quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. The results showed that dedifferentiated pRPE cells maintained EMT in CC dish-FBS, Petri dish-FBS and CC dish-N2B27 groups, whereas MET was induced when the dedifferentiated pRPE cells were cultured in Petri dish-N2B27. Such induced pRPE cells showed polygonal morphology with increased expression of RPE-specific markers and decreased EMT-associated markers. Similar results were observed in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE cells. Furthermore, during the re-differentiation of those dedifferentiated pRPE cells, Petri dish-N2B27 reduced the activity of RhoA and induced F-actin rearrangement, which promoted the nuclear exclusion of transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and TAZ target molecule zinc finger E-box binding protein (ZEB1), both of which are EMT inducing factors. This study provides a simple and reliable method to reverse dedifferentiated phenotype of pRPE cells into epithelialized phenotype, which is more appropriate for studying AMD in vitro, and suggests that MET of other cell types might be induced by a similar approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China; Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Ying Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Yaqi Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Chunpin Lian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Binxin Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Caixia Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Furong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Jieping Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, TUSM, China
| | - Weiye Li
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China; Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, TUSM, China; Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Zuo L, Zhao H, Yang R, Wang L, Ma H, Xu X, Zhou P, Kong L. Lamin A/C might be involved in the EMT signalling pathway. Gene 2018; 663:51-64. [PMID: 29665450 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported a heterogeneous expression pattern of the nuclear membrane protein lamin A/C in low- and high-Gleason score (GS) prostate cancer (PC) tissues, and we have now found that this change is not associated with LMNA mutations. This expression pattern appears to be similar to the process of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) or to that of mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET). The role of lamin A/C in EMT or MET in PC remains unclear. Therefore, we first investigated the expression levels of and the associations between lamin A/C and several common EMT markers, such as E-cadherin, N-cadherin, β-catenin, snail, slug and vimentin in PC tissues with different GS values and in different cell lines with varying invasion abilities. Our results suggest that lamin A/C might constitute a type of epithelial marker that better signifies EMT and MET in PC tissue, since a decrease in lamin A/C expression in GS 4 + 5 cases is likely associated with the EMT process, while the re-expression of lamin A/C in GS 5 + 4 cases is likely linked with MET. The detailed GS better exhibited the changes in lamin A/C and the EMT markers examined. Lamin A/C overexpression or knockdown had an impact on EMT biomarkers in a cell model by direct regulation of β-catenin. Hence, we suggest that lamin A/C might serve as a reliable epithelial biomarker for the distinction of PC cell differentiation and might also be a fundamental factor in the occurrence of EMT or MET in PC.
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Mathur A, Kumar A, Babu B, Chandna S. In vitro mesenchymal-epithelial transition in NIH3T3 fibroblasts results in onset of low-dose radiation hypersensitivity coupled with attenuated connexin-43 response. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1862:414-426. [PMID: 29154903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) is associated with altered cell adhesion patterns. Independent studies showed that cellular adhesion regulates low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity (HRS), a phenomenon reported widely in tumour cells. Therefore, present study aimed to investigate whether MET and associated cellular adhesion alterations affect cellular radiosensitivity. METHODS We established multiple stages of MET by in vitro transformation of NIH3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Nutritional deprivation followed by repetitive treatment cycles of 3-methylcholanthrene and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate with frequent isolation of foci established three progressive strains (NIH3T3.1, NIH3T3x3, NIH3T3x8x3) depicting MET, and one strain (NIH3T3x12) with partial reversion. Alterations in morphology, cell adhesion properties, expression/intracellular localization of cell adhesion proteins, microRNA expression and cellular radiosensitivity were studied in these stably transformed cell strains. RESULTS All four transformants had increased proliferation rate, saturation density, bipolarity, E-cadherin expression; coupled with reduced cell size/spreading, pseudopodia/migration, and fibroblast marker protein and vimentin. The most aggressive trans-differentiated (phenotypically epithelial) cell strain, NIH3T3x8x3 acquired ~30% higher growth potential associated with more than two-fold reduction in cell size and migration. These phenotypic changes accompanied ~40% reduction in endogenous or radiation-induced connexin-43 expression/mitochondrial translocation. Incidentally, all three progressive strains displayed prominent HRS (αs/αr: 7.95-37.29) whereas parental (NIH3T3) and reverting (NIH3T3x12) strains lacked HRS and had distinct radiation-induced Cx43 translocation into mitochondria. CONCLUSION Our study shows that trans-differentiating fibroblasts progressively acquiring epithelial features during MET process, display low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity associated with altered Cx43 behaviour. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates that MET progression triggers low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity in trans-differentiating cells, which has significant therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Mathur
- Division of Natural Radiation Response Mechanisms, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Road,Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Division of Natural Radiation Response Mechanisms, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Road,Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Bincy Babu
- Division of Natural Radiation Response Mechanisms, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Road,Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Sudhir Chandna
- Division of Natural Radiation Response Mechanisms, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Road,Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
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Choi YJ, Kim H, Kim JW, Song CW, Kim DS, Yoon S, Park HJ. Phthalazinone Pyrazole Enhances the Hepatic Functions of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Hepatocyte-Like Cells via Suppression of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 14:438-450. [PMID: 29238913 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9795-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During liver development, nonpolarized hepatic progenitor cells differentiate into mature hepatocytes with distinct polarity. This polarity is essential for maintaining the intrinsic properties of hepatocytes. The balance between the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) plays a decisive role in differentiation of polarized hepatocytes. In this study, we found that phthalazinone pyrazole (PP), a selective inhibitor of Aurora-A kinase (Aurora-A), suppressed the EMT during the differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) from human embryonic stem cells. The differentiated HLCs treated with PP at the hepatoblast stage showed enhanced hepatic morphology and functions, particularly with regard to the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes. Moreover, we found that these effects were mediated though suppression of the AKT pathway, which is involved in induction of the EMT, and upregulation of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α expression rather than Aurora-A inhibition. In conclusion, these findings provided insights into the regulatory role of the EMT on in vitro hepatic maturation, suggesting that inhibition of the EMT may drive transformation of hepatoblast cells into mature and polarized HLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jun Choi
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, School of Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woo Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Song
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, School of Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Brain Korea 21, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjoo Yoon
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, School of Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jin Park
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
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Setiawan M, Tan XW, Goh TW, Hin-Fai Yam G, Mehta JS. Inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3 and transforming growth factor-β signaling to promote epithelial transition of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1381-8. [PMID: 28698144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed to investigate the epithelial differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) by inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling. METHODS AND RESULTS STEMPRO human ADSCs at passage 2 were treated with CHIR99021 (GSK3 inhibitor), E-616452 (TGFβ1 receptor kinase inhibitor), A-83-01 (TGFβ type 1 receptor inhibitor), valproic acid (histone deacetylase inhibitor), tranylcypromine (monoamine oxidase inhibitor) and all-trans retinoic acid for 72 h. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition was shown by down-regulation of mesenchymal genes (Slug, Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 1 ZEB1, integrin α5 ITGA5 and vimentin VIM) and up-regulation of epithelial genes (E-cadherin, Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule EpCAM, Zonula Occludens-1 ZO-1, occludin, deltaN p63 δNp63, Transcription Factor 4 TCF4 and Twist Family bHLH Transcription Factor TWIST), compared to untreated ADSCs. Cell morphology and stress fiber pattern were examined and the treated cells became less migratory in scratch wound closure assay. The formation of cell junction complexes was observed under transmission electron microscopy. Global gene expression using GeneChip® Human Genome U133 Array (Affymetrix) showed that the treatment up-regulated 540 genes (containing genes for cell cycle, cytoskeleton reorganization, chemotaxis, epithelium development and regulation of cell migration) and down-regulated 483 genes. CONCLUSION Human ADSCs were transited to epithelial lineage by inhibiting GSK3 and TGFβ signaling. It can be an adult stem cell source for epithelial cell-based therapy.
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Gooding AJ, Schiemann WP. Harnessing protein kinase A activation to induce mesenchymal-epithelial programs to eliminate chemoresistant, tumor-initiating breast cancer cells. Transl Cancer Res 2016; 5:S226-S232. [PMID: 28680830 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2016.08.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Gooding
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - William P Schiemann
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
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Zhang Y, Wang W, Wang Y, Xu Y, Tian Y, Huang M, Lu Y. Response to Crizotinib Observed in Lung Adenocarcinoma with MET Copy Number Gain but without a High-Level MET/CEP7 Ratio, MET Overexpression, or Exon 14 Splicing Mutations. J Thorac Oncol 2016; 11:e59-62. [PMID: 26724472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2015.12.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
MMNG HOS Transforming gene (MET) is an important driver gene in non-small cell lung cancer. Yet, MET-relevant biomarkers predictive of clinical response to MET inhibitors remain elusive. Limited studies have indicated some possibly effective biomarkers, including amplification with a high-level MET/centromere probe of chromosome 7 (CEP7) ratio, MET exon 14 (METex14) splicing mutations, and MET overexpression. MET copy number gain (MCNG) is an independent negative prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer. Therefore, there remains a lack of clinical evidence regarding whether MCNG is a biomarker predictive of response to MET inhibitors. Here we report a patient with lung adenocarcinoma with MCNG but without a high-level MET/CEP7 ratio or METex14 splicing mutations who achieved a rapid response to crizotinib, indicating that MCNG may be an independent predictive biomarker for response to MET inhibitors.
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Sipos F, Muzes G. Isolated lymphoid follicles in colon: switch points between inflammation and colorectal cancer? World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:1666-73. [PMID: 21483625 PMCID: PMC3072629 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i13.1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 02/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue is supposed to play a central role in both the organization of colonic repair mechanisms and colorectal carcinogenesis. In inflammatory conditions, the number, diameter and density of isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) increases. They are not only involved in immune surveillance, but their presence is also indispensable in normal mucosal regeneration of the colon. In carcinogenesis, ILFs may play a dual role. On the one hand they may support tumor growth and the metastatic process by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling and producing a specific cytokine and cellular milieu, but on the other hand their presence is sometimes associated with a better prognosis. The relation of ILFs to bone marrow derived stem cells, follicular dendritic cells, subepithelial myofibroblasts or crypt formation, which are all involved in mucosal repair and carcinogenesis, has not been directly studied. Data about the putative organizer role of ILFs is scattered in scientific literature.
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