1
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Thapa N, Chen M, Cryns VL, Anderson R. A p85 isoform switch enhances PI3K activation on endosomes by a MAP4- and PI3P-dependent mechanism. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114119. [PMID: 38630589 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase α (PI3Kα) is a heterodimer of p110α catalytic and p85 adaptor subunits that is activated by agonist-stimulated receptor tyrosine kinases. Although p85α recruits p110α to activated receptors on membranes, p85α loss, which occurs commonly in cancer, paradoxically promotes agonist-stimulated PI3K/Akt signaling. p110α localizes to microtubules via microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP4), facilitating its interaction with activated receptor kinases on endosomes to initiate PI3K/Akt signaling. Here, we demonstrate that in response to agonist stimulation and p85α knockdown, the residual p110α, coupled predominantly to p85β, exhibits enhanced recruitment with receptor tyrosine kinases to endosomes. Moreover, the p110α C2 domain binds PI3-phosphate, and this interaction is also required to recruit p110α to endosomes and for PI3K/Akt signaling. Stable knockdown of p85α, which mimics the reduced p85α levels observed in cancer, enhances cell growth and tumorsphere formation, and these effects are abrogated by MAP4 or p85β knockdown, underscoring their role in the tumor-promoting activity of p85α loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Thapa
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mo Chen
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Vincent L Cryns
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Richard Anderson
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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2
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Proikas-Cezanne T, Haas ML, Pastor-Maldonado CJ, Schüssele DS. Human WIPI β-propeller function in autophagy and neurodegeneration. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:127-139. [PMID: 38058212 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The four human WIPI β-propellers, WIPI1 through WIPI4, belong to the ancient PROPPIN family and fulfill scaffold functions in the control of autophagy. In this context, WIPI β-propellers function as PI3P effectors during autophagosome formation and loss of WIPI function negatively impacts autophagy and contributes to neurodegeneration. Of particular interest are mutations in WDR45, the human gene that encodes WIPI4. Sporadic WDR45 mutations are the cause of a rare human neurodegenerative disease called BPAN, hallmarked by high brain iron accumulation. Here, we discuss the current understanding of the functions of human WIPI β-propellers and address unanswered questions with a particular focus on the role of WIPI4 in autophagy and BPAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassula Proikas-Cezanne
- Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maximilian L Haas
- Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carmen J Pastor-Maldonado
- Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - David S Schüssele
- Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
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3
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Lourdes SR, Gurung R, Giri S, Mitchell CA, McGrath MJ. A new role for phosphoinositides in regulating mitochondrial dynamics. Adv Biol Regul 2024; 91:101001. [PMID: 38057188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2023.101001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositides are a minor group of membrane-associated phospholipids that are transiently generated on the cytoplasmic leaflet of many organelle membranes and the plasma membrane. There are seven functionally distinct phosphoinositides, each derived via the reversible phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol in various combinations on the inositol ring. Their generation and termination is tightly regulated by phosphatidylinositol-kinases and -phosphatases. These enzymes can function together in an integrated and coordinated manner, whereby the phosphoinositide product of one enzyme may subsequently serve as a substrate for another to generate a different phosphoinositide species. This regulatory mechanism not only enables the transient generation of phosphoinositides on membranes, but also more complex sequential or bidirectional conversion pathways, and phosphoinositides can also be transferred between organelles via membrane contacts. It is this capacity to fine-tune phosphoinositide signals that makes them ideal regulators of membrane organization and dynamics, through their recruitment of signalling, membrane altering and lipid transfer proteins. Research spanning several decades has provided extensive evidence that phosphoinositides are major gatekeepers of membrane organization, with roles in endocytosis, exocytosis, autophagy, lysosome dynamics, vesicular transport and secretion, cilia, inter-organelle membrane contact, endosome maturation and nuclear function. By contrast, there has been remarkably little known about the role of phosphoinositides at mitochondria - an enigmatic and major knowledge gap, with challenges in reliably detecting phosphoinositides at this site. Here we review recent significant breakthroughs in understanding the role of phosphoinositides in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Raveena Lourdes
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rajendra Gurung
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Saveen Giri
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina A Mitchell
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Meagan J McGrath
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Askari F, Vasavi B, Kaur R. Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate regulates iron transport via PI3P-binding CgPil1 protein. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112855. [PMID: 37490387 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron homeostasis, which is pivotal to virulence, is regulated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase CgVps34 in the human fungal pathogen Candida glabrata. Here, we identify CgPil1 as a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P)-binding protein and unveil its role in retaining the high-affinity iron transporter CgFtr1 at the plasma membrane (PM), with PI3P negatively regulating CgFtr1-CgPil1 interaction. PI3P production and its PM localization are elevated in the high-iron environment. Surplus iron also leads to intracellular distribution and vacuolar delivery of CgPil1 and CgFtr1, respectively, from the PM. Loss of CgPil1 or CgFtr1 ubiquitination at lysines 391 and 401 results in CgFtr1 trafficking to the endoplasmic reticulum and a decrease in vacuole-localized CgFtr1. The E3-ubiquitin ligase CgRsp5 interacts with CgFtr1 and forms distinct CgRsp5-CgFtr1 puncta at the PM, with high iron resulting in their internalization. Finally, PI3P controls retrograde transport of many PM proteins. Altogether, we establish PI3P as a key regulator of membrane transport in C. glabrata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fizza Askari
- Laboratory of Fungal Pathogenesis, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad 500039, India; Graduate Studies, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Bhogadi Vasavi
- Laboratory of Fungal Pathogenesis, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad 500039, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur
- Laboratory of Fungal Pathogenesis, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad 500039, India.
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5
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Wrobel L, Hill SM, Rubinsztein DC. SMER28 binding to VCP/p97 enhances both autophagic and proteasomal neurotoxic protein clearance. Autophagy 2023; 19:1348-1350. [PMID: 36036202 PMCID: PMC10012944 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2116832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to maintain a functional proteome by clearing damaged or misfolded proteins is critical for cell survival, and aggregate-prone proteins accumulate in many neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington, Alzheimer, and Parkinson diseases. The removal of such proteins is mainly mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy, and the activity of these systems declines in disease or with age. We recently found that targeting VCP/p97 with compounds like SMER28 enhances macroautophagy/autophagy flux mediated by the increased activity of the PtdIns3K complex I. Additionally, we found that SMER28 binding to VCP stimulates aggregate-prone protein clearance via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. This concurrent action of SMER28 on both degradation pathways resulted in the selective decrease in disease-causing proteins but not their wild-type counterparts. These results reveal a promising mode of VCP activation to counteract the toxicity caused by aggregate-prone proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Wrobel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandra M. Hill
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David C. Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
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6
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Mujalli A, Viaud J, Severin S, Gratacap MP, Chicanne G, Hnia K, Payrastre B, Terrisse AD. Exploring the Role of PI3P in Platelets: Insights from a Novel External PI3P Pool. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040583. [PMID: 37189331 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides (PIs) play a crucial role in regulating intracellular signaling, actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, and membrane trafficking by binding to specific domains of effector proteins. They are primarily found in the membrane leaflets facing the cytosol. Our study demonstrates the presence of a pool of phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI3P) in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane of resting human and mouse platelets. This pool of PI3P is accessible to exogenous recombinant myotubularin 3-phosphatase and ABH phospholipase. Mouse platelets with loss of function of class III PI 3-kinase and class II PI 3-kinase α have a decreased level of external PI3P, suggesting a contribution of these kinases to this pool of PI3P. After injection in mouse, or incubation ex vivo in human blood, PI3P-binding proteins decorated the platelet surface as well as α-granules. Upon activation, these platelets were able to secrete the PI3P-binding proteins. These data sheds light on a previously unknown external pool of PI3P in the platelet plasma membrane that recognizes PI3P-binding proteins, leading to their uptake towards α-granules. This study raises questions about the potential function of this external PI3P in the communication of platelets with the extracellular environment, and its possible role in eliminating proteins from the plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Mujalli
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM UMR-1297, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31432 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Julien Viaud
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM UMR-1297, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31432 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Sonia Severin
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM UMR-1297, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31432 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Gratacap
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM UMR-1297, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31432 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Gaëtan Chicanne
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM UMR-1297, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31432 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Karim Hnia
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM UMR-1297, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31432 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM UMR-1297, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31432 Toulouse Cedex, France
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre de Référence des Pathologies Plaquettaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Rangueil, F-31432 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Terrisse
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), INSERM UMR-1297, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31432 Toulouse Cedex, France
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7
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Yang K, Yan Q, Wang Y, Zhu W, Wang X, Li X, Peng H, Zhou Y, Jing M, Dou D. Engineering crop Phytophthora resistance by targeting pathogen-derived PI3P for enhanced catabolism. Plant Commun 2023; 4:100460. [PMID: 36217305 PMCID: PMC10030320 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora pathogens lead to numerous economically damaging plant diseases worldwide, including potato late blight caused by P. infestans and soybean root rot caused by P. sojae. Our previous work showed that Phytophthora pathogens may generate abundant phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) to promote infection via direct association with RxLR effectors. Here, we designed a disease control strategy for metabolizing pathogen-derived PI3P by expressing secreted Arabidopsis thaliana phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase 1 (AtPIP5K1), which can phosphorylate PI3P to PI(3,4)P2. We fused AtPIP5K1 with the soybean PR1a signal peptide (SP-PIP5K1) to enable its secretion into the plant apoplast. Transgenic soybean and potato plants expressing SP-PIP5K1 showed substantially enhanced resistance to various P. sojae and P. infestans isolates, respectively. SP-PIP5K1 significantly reduced PI3P accumulation during P. sojae and soybean interaction. Knockout or inhibition of PI3 kinases (PI3Ks) in P. sojae compromised the resistance mediated by SP-PIP5K1, indicating that SP-PIP5K1 action requires a supply of pathogen-derived PI3P. Furthermore, we revealed that SP-PIP5K1 can interfere with the action of P. sojae mediated by the RxLR effector Avr1k. This novel disease control strategy has the potential to confer durable broad-spectrum Phytophthora resistance in plants through a clear mechanism in which catabolism of PI3P interferes with RxLR effector actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenyi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Maofeng Jing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Daolong Dou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China.
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8
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Ye H, Gao J, Liang Z, Lin Y, Yu Q, Huang S, Jiang L. Arabidopsis ORP2A mediates ER-autophagosomal membrane contact sites and regulates PI3P in plant autophagy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205314119. [PMID: 36252028 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205314119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system for cytoplasmic constituents which is mediated by the formation of a double-membrane organelle termed the autophagosome and its subsequent fusion with the lysosome/vacuole. The formation of the autophagosome requires membrane from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is tightly regulated by a series of autophagy-related (ATG) proteins and lipids. However, how the ER contacts autophagosomes and regulates autophagy remain elusive in plants. In this study, we identified and demonstrated the roles of Arabidopsis oxysterol-binding protein-related protein 2A (ORP2A) in mediating ER-autophagosomal membrane contacts and autophagosome biogenesis. We showed that ORP2A localizes to both ER-plasma membrane contact sites (EPCSs) and autophagosomes, and that ORP2A interacts with both the ER-localized VAMP-associated protein (VAP) 27-1 and ATG8e on the autophagosomes to mediate the membrane contact sites (MCSs). In ORP2A artificial microRNA knockdown (KD) plants, seedlings display retarded growth and impaired autophagy levels. Both ATG1a and ATG8e accumulated and associated with the ER membrane in ORP2A KD lines. Moreover, ORP2A binds multiple phospholipids and shows colocalization with phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) in vivo. Taken together, ORP2A mediates ER-autophagosomal MCSs and regulates autophagy through PI3P redistribution.
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9
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Kim SW, Kim MK, Hong S, Choi A, Choi JH, Muallem S, So I, Yang D, Kim HJ. The intracellular Ca 2+ channel TRPML3 is a PI3P effector that regulates autophagosome biogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200085119. [PMID: 36252030 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200085119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a multiple fusion event, initiating with autophagosome formation and culminating with fusion with endo-lysosomes in a Ca2+-dependent manner. The source of Ca2+ and the molecular mechanism by which Ca2+ is provided for this process are not known. The intracellular Ca2+ permeable channel transient receptor potential mucolipin 3 (TRPML3) localizes in the autophagosome and interacts with the mammalian autophagy-related protein 8 (ATG8) homolog GATE16. Here, we show that lipid-regulated TRPML3 is the Ca2+ release channel in the phagophore that provides the Ca2+ necessary for autophagy progress. We generated a TRPML3-GCaMP6 fusion protein as a targeted reporter of TRPML3 compartment localization and channel function. Notably, TRPML3-GCaMP6 localized in the phagophores, the level of which increased in response to nutrient starvation. Importantly, phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P), an essential lipid for autophagosome formation, is a selective regulator of TRPML3. TRPML3 interacted with PI3P, which is a direct activator of TRPML3 current and Ca2+ release from the phagophore, to promote and increase autophagy. Inhibition of TRPML3 suppressed autophagy even in the presence of excess PI3P, while activation of TRPML3 reversed the autophagy inhibition caused by blocking PI3P. Moreover, disruption of the TRPML3-PI3P interaction abolished both TRPML3 activation by PI3P and the increase in autophagy. Taken together, these results reveal that TRPML3 is a downstream effector of PI3P and a key regulator of autophagy. Activation of TRPML3 by PI3P is the critical step providing Ca2+ from the phagophore for the fusion process, which is essential for autophagosome biogenesis.
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Zhu Z, Liu LF, Su CF, Liu J, Tong BCK, Iyaswamy A, Krishnamoorthi S, Sreenivasmurthy SG, Guan XJ, Kan YX, Xie WJ, Zhao CL, Cheung KH, Lu JH, Tan JQ, Zhang HJ, Song JX, Li M. Corynoxine B derivative CB6 prevents Parkinsonian toxicity in mice by inducing PIK3C3 complex-dependent autophagy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2511-2526. [PMID: 35217810 PMCID: PMC9525707 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that autophagy impairment is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD). We previously identified a natural alkaloid named corynoxine B (Cory B) as a neuronal autophagy inducer. However, its brain permeability is relatively low, which hinders its potential use in treating PD. Thus we synthesized various derivatives of Cory B to find more potent autophagy inducers with improved brain bioavailability. In this study, we evaluated the autophagy-enhancing effect of CB6 derivative and its neuroprotective action against PD in vitro and in vivo. We showed that CB6 (5-40 μM) dose-dependently accelerated autophagy flux in cultured N2a neural cells through activating the PIK3C3 complex and promoting PI3P production. In MPP+-treated PC12 cells, CB6 inhibited cell apoptosis and increased cell viability by inducing autophagy. In MPTP-induced mouse model of PD, oral administration of CB6 (10, 20 mg· kg-1· d-1, for 21 days) significantly improved motor dysfunction and prevented the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta. Collectively, compound CB6 is a brain-permeable autophagy enhancer via PIK3C3 complex activation, which may help the prevention or treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Liang-Feng Liu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Limin Pharmaceutical Factory, Livzon Group Limited, Shaoguan, 512028, China
| | - Cheng-Fu Su
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Benjamin Chun-Kit Tong
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ashok Iyaswamy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Senthilkumar Krishnamoorthi
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Sravan Gopalkrishnashetty Sreenivasmurthy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Xin-Jie Guan
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Kan
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wen-Jian Xie
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chen-Liang Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - King-Ho Cheung
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jia-Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Model for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Hong-Jie Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ju-Xian Song
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Min Li
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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11
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Ray A, Mathur M, Choubey D, Karmodiya K, Surolia N. Autophagy Underlies the Proteostasis Mechanisms of Artemisinin Resistance in P. falciparum Malaria. mBio 2022;:e0063022. [PMID: 35420484 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00630-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging resistance to artemisinin (ART) has become a challenge for reducing worldwide malaria mortality and morbidity. The C580Y mutation in Plasmodium falciparum Kelch13 has been identified as the major determinant for ART resistance in the background of other mutations, which include the T38I mutation in autophagy-related protein PfATG18. Increased endoplasmic reticulum phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (ER-PI3P) vesiculation, unfolded protein response (UPR), and oxidative stress are the proteostasis mechanisms proposed to cause ART resistance. While UPR and PI3P are known to stimulate autophagy in higher organisms to clear misfolded proteins, participation of the parasite autophagy machinery in these mechanisms of ART resistance has not yet been experimentally demonstrated. Our study establishes that ART-induced ER stress leads to increased expression of P. falciparum autophagy proteins through induction of the UPR. Furthermore, the ART-resistant K13C580Y isolate shows higher basal expression levels of autophagy proteins than those of its isogenic counterpart, and this magnifies under starvation conditions. The copresence of PfK13 with PfATG18 and PI3P on parasite hemoglobin-trafficking vesicles demonstrate interactions between the autophagy and hemoglobin endocytosis pathways proposed to be involved in ART resistance. Analysis of PfK13 mutations in 2,517 field isolates, revealing an impressive >85% coassociation between PfK13 C580Y and PfATG18 T38I, together with our experimental studies with an ART-resistant P. falciparum strain establishes that parasite autophagy underpins various mechanisms of ART resistance and is a starting point to further explore this pathway for developing antimalarials.
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12
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Twu WI, Lee JY, Kim H, Prasad V, Cerikan B, Haselmann U, Tabata K, Bartenschlager R. Contribution of autophagy machinery factors to HCV and SARS-CoV-2 replication organelle formation. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110049. [PMID: 34788596 PMCID: PMC8577994 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Positive-strand RNA viruses replicate in close association with rearranged intracellular membranes. For hepatitis C virus (HCV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), these rearrangements comprise endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived double membrane vesicles (DMVs) serving as RNA replication sites. Cellular factors involved in DMV biogenesis are poorly defined. Here, we show that despite structural similarity of viral DMVs with autophagosomes, conventional macroautophagy is dispensable for HCV and SARS-CoV-2 replication. However, both viruses exploit factors involved in autophagosome formation, most notably class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). As revealed with a biosensor, PI3K is activated in cells infected with either virus to produce phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) while kinase complex inhibition or depletion profoundly reduces replication and viral DMV formation. The PI3P-binding protein DFCP1, recruited to omegasomes in early steps of autophagosome formation, participates in replication and DMV formation of both viruses. These results indicate that phylogenetically unrelated HCV and SARS-CoV-2 exploit similar components of the autophagy machinery to create their replication organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woan-Ing Twu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heeyoung Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vibhu Prasad
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Berati Cerikan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Haselmann
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Keisuke Tabata
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Bartenschlager
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Division Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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13
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Zhou Y, Yang K, Yan Q, Wang X, Cheng M, Si J, Xue X, Shen D, Jing M, Tyler BM, Dou D. Targeting of anti-microbial proteins to the hyphal surface amplifies protection of crop plants against Phytophthora pathogens. Mol Plant 2021; 14:1391-1403. [PMID: 33965632 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora pathogens are a persistent threat to the world's commercially important agricultural crops, including potato and soybean. Current strategies aim at reducing crop losses rely mostly on disease-resistance breeding and chemical pesticides, which can be frequently overcome by the rapid adaptive evolution of pathogens. Transgenic crops with intrinsic disease resistance offer a promising alternative and continue to be developed. Here, we explored Phytophthora-derived PI3P (phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate) as a novel control target, using proteins that bind this lipid to direct secreted anti-microbial peptides and proteins (AMPs) to the surface of Phytophthora pathogens. In transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana, soybean, and potato plants, significantly enhanced resistance to different pathogen isolates was achieved by expression of two AMPs (GAFP1 or GAFP3 from the Chinese medicinal herb Gastrodia elata) fused with a PI3P-specific binding domain (FYVE). Using the soybean pathogen P. sojae as an example, we demonstrated that the FYVE domain could boost the activities of GAFPs in multiple independent assays, including those performed in vitro, in vivo, and in planta. Mutational analysis of P. sojae PI3K1 and PI3K2 genes of this pathogen confirmed that the enhanced activities of the targeted GAFPs were correlated with PI3P levels in the pathogen. Collectively, our study provides a new strategy that could be used to confer resistance not only to Phytophthora pathogens in many plants but also potentially to many other kinds of plant pathogens with unique targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jierui Si
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xue Xue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Danyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Maofeng Jing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Brett M Tyler
- Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Daolong Dou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China.
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14
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Steinfeld N, Giridharan SSP, Kauffman EJ, Weisman LS. Simultaneous Detection of Phosphoinositide Lipids by Radioactive Metabolic Labeling. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2251:1-17. [PMID: 33481228 PMCID: PMC8059495 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1142-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide (PPI) lipids are a crucial class of low-abundance signaling molecules that regulate many processes within cells. Methods that enable simultaneous detection of all PPI lipid species provide a wholistic snapshot of the PPI profile of cells, which is critical for probing PPI biology. Here we describe a method for the simultaneous measurement of cellular PPI levels by metabolically labeling yeast or mammalian cells with myo-3H-inositol, extracting radiolabeled glycerophosphoinositides, and separating lipid species on an anion exchange column via HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Steinfeld
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Emily J Kauffman
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lois S Weisman
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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15
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Baksheeva VE, Nemashkalova EL, Firsov AM, Zalevsky AO, Vladimirov VI, Tikhomirova NK, Philippov PP, Zamyatnin AA, Zinchenko DV, Antonenko YN, Permyakov SE, Zernii EY. Membrane Binding of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1: Highly Specific Interaction with Phosphatidylinositol-3-Phosphate. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020164. [PMID: 31973069 PMCID: PMC7072451 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensors are a family of N-terminally myristoylated membrane-binding proteins possessing a different intracellular localization and thereby targeting unique signaling partner(s). Apart from the myristoyl group, the membrane attachment of these proteins may be modulated by their N-terminal positively charged residues responsible for specific recognition of the membrane components. Here, we examined the interaction of neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) with natural membranes of different lipid composition as well as individual phospholipids in form of multilamellar liposomes or immobilized monolayers and characterized the role of myristoyl group and N-terminal lysine residues in membrane binding and phospholipid preference of the protein. NCS-1 binds to photoreceptor and hippocampal membranes in a Ca2+-independent manner and the binding is attenuated in the absence of myristoyl group. Meanwhile, the interaction with photoreceptor membranes is less dependent on myristoylation and more sensitive to replacement of K3, K7, and/or K9 of NCS-1 by glutamic acid, reflecting affinity of the protein to negatively charged phospholipids. Consistently, among the major phospholipids, NCS-1 preferentially interacts with phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol with micromolar affinity and the interaction with the former is inhibited upon mutating of N-terminal lysines of the protein. Remarkably, NCS-1 demonstrates pronounced specific binding to phosphoinositides with high preference for phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate. The binding does not depend on myristoylation and, unexpectedly, is not sensitive to the charge inversion mutations. Instead, phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate can be recognized by a specific site located in the N-terminal region of the protein. These data provide important novel insights into the general mechanism of membrane binding of NCS-1 and its targeting to specific phospholipids ensuring involvement of the protein in phosphoinositide-regulated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia E. Baksheeva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Ekaterina L. Nemashkalova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia; (E.L.N.); (S.E.P.)
| | - Alexander M. Firsov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Arthur O. Zalevsky
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily I. Vladimirov
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Pushchino, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia; (V.I.V.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Natalia K. Tikhomirova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Pavel P. Philippov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Zinchenko
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Pushchino, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia; (V.I.V.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Yuri N. Antonenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Sergey E. Permyakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia; (E.L.N.); (S.E.P.)
| | - Evgeni Yu. Zernii
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-939-2344
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16
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Hammond GRV, Burke JE. Novel roles of phosphoinositides in signaling, lipid transport, and disease. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2020; 63:57-67. [PMID: 31972475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositides (PPIns) are lipid signaling molecules that act as master regulators of cellular signaling. Recent studies have revealed novel roles of PPIns in myriad cellular processes and multiple human diseases mediated by misregulation of PPIn signaling. This review will present a timely summary of recent discoveries in PPIn biology, specifically their role in regulating unexpected signaling pathways, modification of signaling outcomes downstream of integral membrane proteins, and novel roles in lipid transport. This has revealed new roles of PPIns in regulating membrane trafficking, immunity, cell polarity, and response to extracellular signals. A specific focus will be on novel opportunities to target PPIn metabolism for treatment of human diseases, including cancer, pathogen infection, developmental disorders, and immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald R V Hammond
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| | - John E Burke
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada.
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17
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Dudley LJ, Cabodevilla AG, Makar AN, Sztacho M, Michelberger T, Marsh JA, Houston DR, Martens S, Jiang X, Gammoh N. Intrinsic lipid binding activity of ATG16L1 supports efficient membrane anchoring and autophagy. EMBO J 2019; 38:e100554. [PMID: 30936093 PMCID: PMC6484409 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane targeting of autophagy-related complexes is an important step that regulates their activities and prevents their aberrant engagement on non-autophagic membranes. ATG16L1 is a core autophagy protein implicated at distinct phases of autophagosome biogenesis. In this study, we dissected the recruitment of ATG16L1 to the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) and showed that it requires sequences within its coiled-coil domain (CCD) dispensable for homodimerisation. Structural and mutational analyses identified conserved residues within the CCD of ATG16L1 that mediate direct binding to phosphoinositides, including phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P). Mutating putative lipid binding residues abrogated the localisation of ATG16L1 to the PAS and inhibited LC3 lipidation. On the other hand, enhancing lipid binding of ATG16L1 by mutating negatively charged residues adjacent to the lipid binding motif also resulted in autophagy inhibition, suggesting that regulated recruitment of ATG16L1 to the PAS is required for its autophagic activity. Overall, our findings indicate that ATG16L1 harbours an intrinsic ability to bind lipids that plays an essential role during LC3 lipidation and autophagosome maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo J Dudley
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ainara G Cabodevilla
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Agata N Makar
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Martin Sztacho
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tim Michelberger
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joseph A Marsh
- Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Douglas R Houston
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sascha Martens
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Cell Biology Department, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noor Gammoh
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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18
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Chiou TT, Long P, Schumann-Gillett A, Kanamarlapudi V, Haas SA, Harvey K, O'Mara ML, De Blas AL, Kalscheuer VM, Harvey RJ. Mutation p.R356Q in the Collybistin Phosphoinositide Binding Site Is Associated With Mild Intellectual Disability. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:60. [PMID: 30914922 PMCID: PMC6422930 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The recruitment of inhibitory GABAA receptors to neuronal synapses requires a complex interplay between receptors, neuroligins, the scaffolding protein gephyrin and the GDP-GTP exchange factor collybistin (CB). Collybistin is regulated by protein-protein interactions at the N-terminal SH3 domain, which can bind neuroligins 2/4 and the GABAAR α2 subunit. Collybistin also harbors a RhoGEF domain which mediates interactions with gephyrin and catalyzes GDP-GTP exchange on Cdc42. Lastly, collybistin has a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, which binds phosphoinositides, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P/PtdIns3P) and phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate (PI4P/PtdIns4P). PI3P located in early/sorting endosomes has recently been shown to regulate the postsynaptic clustering of gephyrin and GABAA receptors and consequently the strength of inhibitory synapses in cultured hippocampal neurons. This process is disrupted by mutations in the collybistin gene (ARHGEF9), which cause X-linked intellectual disability (XLID) by a variety of mechanisms converging on disrupted gephyrin and GABAA receptor clustering at central synapses. Here we report a novel missense mutation (chrX:62875607C>T, p.R356Q) in ARHGEF9 that affects one of the two paired arginine residues in the PH domain that were predicted to be vital for binding phosphoinositides. Functional assays revealed that recombinant collybistin CB3SH3- R356Q was deficient in PI3P binding and was not able to translocate EGFP-gephyrin to submembrane microaggregates in an in vitro clustering assay. Expression of the PI3P-binding mutants CB3SH3- R356Q and CB3SH3- R356N/R357N in cultured hippocampal neurones revealed that the mutant proteins did not accumulate at inhibitory synapses, but instead resulted in a clear decrease in the overall number of synaptic gephyrin clusters compared to controls. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the p.R356Q substitution influences PI3P binding by altering the range of structural conformations adopted by collybistin. Taken together, these results suggest that the p.R356Q mutation in ARHGEF9 is the underlying cause of XLID in the probands, disrupting gephyrin clustering at inhibitory GABAergic synapses via loss of collybistin PH domain phosphoinositide binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ting Chiou
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Philip Long
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Stefan A Haas
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirsten Harvey
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Megan L O'Mara
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Angel L De Blas
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Vera M Kalscheuer
- Group Development and Disease, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert J Harvey
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia.,Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
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19
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Nascimbeni AC, Giordano F, Dupont N, Grasso D, Vaccaro MI, Codogno P, Morel E. ER-plasma membrane contact sites contribute to autophagosome biogenesis by regulation of local PI3P synthesis. EMBO J 2017; 36:2018-2033. [PMID: 28550152 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The double-membrane-bound autophagosome is formed by the closure of a structure called the phagophore, origin of which is still unclear. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is clearly implicated in autophagosome biogenesis due to the presence of the omegasome subdomain positive for DFCP1, a phosphatidyl-inositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) binding protein. Contribution of other membrane sources, like the plasma membrane (PM), is still difficult to integrate in a global picture. Here we show that ER-plasma membrane contact sites are mobilized for autophagosome biogenesis, by direct implication of the tethering extended synaptotagmins (E-Syts) proteins. Imaging data revealed that early autophagic markers are recruited to E-Syt-containing domains during autophagy and that inhibition of E-Syts expression leads to a reduction in autophagosome biogenesis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that E-Syts are essential for autophagy-associated PI3P synthesis at the cortical ER membrane via the recruitment of VMP1, the stabilizing ER partner of the PI3KC3 complex. These results highlight the contribution of ER-plasma membrane tethers to autophagosome biogenesis regulation and support the importance of membrane contact sites in autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chiara Nascimbeni
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR 7592, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Dupont
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Grasso
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, National Council for Scientific and Technological Research, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria I Vaccaro
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, National Council for Scientific and Technological Research, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Morel
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France .,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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20
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Nascimbeni AC, Codogno P, Morel E. Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate in the regulation of autophagy membrane dynamics. FEBS J 2017; 284:1267-1278. [PMID: 27973739 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) is a key player in membrane dynamics and trafficking regulation. Most PI3P is associated with endosomal membranes and with the autophagosome preassembly machinery, presumably at the endoplasmic reticulum. The enzyme responsible for most PI3P synthesis, VPS34 and proteins such as Beclin1 and ATG14L that regulate PI3P levels are positive modulators of autophagy initiation. It had been assumed that a local PI3P pool was present at autophagosomes and preautophagosomal structures, such as the omegasome and the phagophore. This was recently confirmed by the demonstration that PI3P-binding proteins participate in the complex sequence of signalling that results in autophagosome assembly and activity. Here we summarize the historical discoveries of PI3P lipid kinase involvement in autophagy, and we discuss the proposed role of PI3P during autophagy, notably during the autophagosome biogenesis sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chiara Nascimbeni
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Etienne Morel
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
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21
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Proikas-Cezanne T, Takacs Z, Dönnes P, Kohlbacher O. WIPI proteins: essential PtdIns3P effectors at the nascent autophagosome. J Cell Sci 2016; 128:207-17. [PMID: 25568150 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.146258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a pivotal cytoprotective process that secures cellular homeostasis, fulfills essential roles in development, immunity and defence against pathogens, and determines the lifespan of eukaryotic organisms. However, autophagy also crucially contributes to the development of age-related human pathologies, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) clears the cytoplasm by stochastic or specific cargo recognition and destruction, and is initiated and executed by autophagy related (ATG) proteins functioning in dynamical hierarchies to form autophagosomes. Autophagosomes sequester cytoplasmic cargo material, including proteins, lipids and organelles, and acquire acidic hydrolases from the lysosomal compartment for cargo degradation. Prerequisite and essential for autophagosome formation is the production of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase class III (PI3KC3, also known as PIK3C3) in complex with beclin 1, p150 (also known as PIK3R4; Vps15 in yeast) and ATG14L. Members of the human WD-repeat protein interacting with phosphoinositides (WIPI) family play an important role in recognizing and decoding the PtdIns3P signal at the nascent autophagosome, and hence function as autophagy-specific PtdIns3P-binding effectors, similar to their ancestral yeast Atg18 homolog. The PtdIns3P effector function of human WIPI proteins appears to be compromised in cancer and neurodegeneration, and WIPI genes and proteins might present novel targets for rational therapies. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of the four human WIPI proteins, WIPI1-4, in autophagy. This article is part of a Focus on Autophagosome biogenesis. For further reading, please see related articles: 'ERES: sites for autophagosome biogenesis and maturation?' by Jana Sanchez-Wandelmer et al. (J. Cell Sci. 128, 185-192) and 'Membrane dynamics in autophagosome biogenesis' by Sven R. Carlsson and Anne Simonsen (J. Cell Sci. 128, 193-205).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassula Proikas-Cezanne
- Autophagy Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany International Max Planck Research School 'From Molecules to Organisms', Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology and Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Spemannstr. 35 - 39, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Takacs
- Autophagy Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany International Max Planck Research School 'From Molecules to Organisms', Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology and Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Spemannstr. 35 - 39, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Pierre Dönnes
- Applied Bioinformatics Group, Center for Bioinformatics, Quantitative Biology Center, and Department of Computer Science, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Sand 14, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Kohlbacher
- International Max Planck Research School 'From Molecules to Organisms', Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology and Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Spemannstr. 35 - 39, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany Applied Bioinformatics Group, Center for Bioinformatics, Quantitative Biology Center, and Department of Computer Science, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Sand 14, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Hao F, Itoh T, Morita E, Shirahama-Noda K, Yoshimori T, Noda T. The PtdIns3-phosphatase MTMR3 interacts with mTORC1 and suppresses its activity. FEBS Lett 2015; 590:161-73. [PMID: 26787466 PMCID: PMC5064752 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macroautophagy is a major intracellular degradation system. We previously reported that overexpression of phosphatase-deficient MTMR3, a member of the myotubularin phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-phosphatase family, leads to induction of autophagy. In this study, we found that MTMR3 interacted with mTORC1, an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase complex, which regulates cell growth and autophagy in response to environmental stimuli. Furthermore, overexpression of MTMR3 inhibited mTORC1 activity. The N-terminal half of MTMR3, including the PH-G and phosphatase domains, was necessary and sufficient for these effects. Phosphatase-deficient MTMR3 provided more robust suppression of mTORC1 activity than wild-type MTMR3. Furthermore, phosphatase-deficient full length MTMR3 and the phosphatase domain alone were localized to the Golgi. These results suggest a new regulatory mechanism of mTORC1 in association with PI3P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feike Hao
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan.,Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Takashi Itoh
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Eiji Morita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Japan
| | - Kanae Shirahama-Noda
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Japan
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23
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Shahine A, Littler D, Brammananath R, Chan PY, Crellin PK, Coppel RL, Rossjohn J, Beddoe T. A structural and functional investigation of a novel protein from Mycobacterium smegmatis implicated in mycobacterial macrophage survivability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:2264-76. [PMID: 25195741 DOI: 10.1107/s139900471401092x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The success of pathogenic mycobacterial species is owing in part to their ability to parasitize the generally inhospitable phagosomal environment of host macrophages, utilizing a variety of strategies to avoid their antimycobacterial capabilities and thereby enabling their survival. A recently identified gene target in Mycobacterium smegmatis, highly conserved within Mycobacterium spp. and denoted MSMEG_5817, has been found to be important for bacterial survival within host macrophages. To gain insight into its function, the crystal structure of MSMEG_5817 has been solved to 2.40 Å resolution. The structure reveals a high level of structural homology to the sterol carrier protein (SCP) family, suggesting a potential role of MSMEG_5817 in the binding and transportation of biologically relevant lipids required for bacterial survival. The lipid-binding capacity of MSMEG_5817 was confirmed by ELISA, revealing binding to a number of phospholipids with varying binding specificities compared with Homo sapiens SCP. A potential lipid-binding site was probed by alanine-scanning mutagenesis, revealing structurally relevant residues and a binding mechanism potentially differing from that of the SCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Shahine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Dene Littler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Rajini Brammananath
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Phooi Y Chan
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Paul K Crellin
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ross L Coppel
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Travis Beddoe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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24
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Sasser TL, Fratti RA. Class C ABC transporters and Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuole fusion. Cell Logist 2014; 4:e943588. [PMID: 25610719 DOI: 10.4161/21592780.2014.943588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fusion is carried out by core machinery that is conserved throughout eukaryotes. This is comprised of Rab GTPases and their effectors, and SNARE proteins, which together are sufficient to drive the fusion of reconstituted proteoliposomes. However, an outer layer of factors that are specific to individual trafficking pathways in vivo regulates the spatial and temporal occurrence of fusion. The homotypic fusion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar lysosomes utilizes a growing set of factors to regulate the fusion machinery that include members of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family. Yeast vacuoles have five class C ABC transporters that are known to transport a variety of toxins into the vacuole lumen as part of detoxifying the cell. We have found that ABCC transporters can also regulate vacuole fusion through novel mechanisms. For instance Ybt1 serves as negative regulator of fusion through its effects on vacuolar Ca2+ homeostasis. Additional studies showed that Ycf1 acts as a positive regulator by affecting the efficient recruitment of the SNARE Vam7. Finally, we discuss the potential interface between the translocation of lipids across the membrane bilayer, also known as lipid flipping, and the efficiency of fusion.
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Key Words
- ABC, ATP binding cassette
- Bpt1
- Ca2+ homeostasis
- DAG, diacylglycerol
- HOPS, homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting complex
- MDR, multidrug resistance
- MSD, membrane spanning domain
- NBD, nucleotide binding domain
- Nft1
- PA, phosphatidic acid
- PC, phosphatidylcholine
- PE, phosphatidylethanolamine
- PI(3, 5)P2, phosphatidylinositol 3, 5-bisphosphate
- PI, phosphatidylinositol
- PI3P
- PI3P, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate
- PS, phosphatidylserine
- PX, phox homology
- SNARE
- SNARE, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors
- Vam7
- Vmr1
- Ybt1
- Ycf1
- lipid flipping
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry L Sasser
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ; Urbana, IL USA
| | - Rutilio A Fratti
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ; Urbana, IL USA
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25
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Barberon M, Dubeaux G, Kolb C, Isono E, Zelazny E, Vert G. Polarization of IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER 1 (IRT1) to the plant-soil interface plays crucial role in metal homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:8293-8. [PMID: 24843126 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1402262111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, the controlled absorption of soil nutrients by root epidermal cells is critical for growth and development. IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER 1 (IRT1) is the main root transporter taking up iron from the soil and is also the main entry route in plants for potentially toxic metals such as manganese, zinc, cobalt, and cadmium. Previous work demonstrated that the IRT1 protein localizes to early endosomes/trans-Golgi network (EE/TGN) and is constitutively endocytosed through a monoubiquitin- and clathrin-dependent mechanism. Here, we show that the availability of secondary non-iron metal substrates of IRT1 (Zn, Mn, and Co) controls the localization of IRT1 between the outer polar domain of the plasma membrane and EE/TGN in root epidermal cells. We also identify FYVE1, a phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate-binding protein recruited to late endosomes, as an important regulator of IRT1-dependent metal transport and metal homeostasis in plants. FYVE1 controls IRT1 recycling to the plasma membrane and impacts the polar delivery of this transporter to the outer plasma membrane domain. This work establishes a functional link between the dynamics and the lateral polarity of IRT1 and the transport of its substrates, and identifies a molecular mechanism driving polar localization of a cell surface protein in plants.
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Gelabert-Baldrich M, Soriano-Castell D, Calvo M, Lu A, Viña-Vilaseca A, Rentero C, Pol A, Grinstein S, Enrich C, Tebar F. Dynamics of KRas on endosomes: involvement of acidic phospholipids in its association. FASEB J 2014; 28:3023-37. [PMID: 24719356 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-241158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The endocytic compartment is emerging as a functional platform for controlling important cellular processes. We have found that ∼10 to 15% of total KRas, a protein that is frequently mutated in cancer, is present on endosomes, independent of its activation state. The dynamics of GFP-KRas wild-type (WT) and constitutively active or inactive mutants on endosomes were analyzed by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) microscopy. The measurements revealed an extraordinarily fast recovery of KRas WT [half-time (HT), ∼1.3 s] compared to HRas, Rab5, and EGFR, with the active KRasG12V mutant being significantly faster and more mobile (HT, ∼1 s, and ∼82% of exchangeable fraction) than the inactive KRasS17N (HT, ∼1.6 s, and ∼60% of exchangeable fraction). KRas rapidly switches from the cytoplasm to the endosomal membranes by an electrostatic interaction between its polybasic region and the endosomal acidic phospholipids, mainly phosphatidylserine.-Gelabert-Baldrich, M., Soriano-Castell, D., Calvo, M., Lu, A., Viña-Vilaseca, A., Rentero, C., Pol, A., Grinstein, S. Enrich, C., Tebar, F. Dynamics of KRas on endosomes: involvement of acidic phospholipids in its association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Gelabert-Baldrich
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), and
| | - David Soriano-Castell
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), and
| | - Maria Calvo
- Unitat de Microscopia Òptica Avançada, Facultat de Medicina, Centres Científics i Tecnològics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Arnau Viña-Vilaseca
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), and
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), and
| | - Albert Pol
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Division of Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), and
| | - Francesc Tebar
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), and
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Nagy P, Hegedűs K, Pircs K, Varga Á, Juhász G. Different effects of Atg2 and Atg18 mutations on Atg8a and Atg9 trafficking during starvation in Drosophila. FEBS Lett 2013; 588:408-13. [PMID: 24374083 PMCID: PMC3928829 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Atg9 and Atg18 are required for autophagy upstream of Atg8a, unlike Atg2. Atg9 accumulates on Ref(2)P aggregates in Atg8a, Atg7 and Atg2 mutants. Ultrastructurally, Atg9 vesicles cluster around Ref(2)P aggregates in stalled PAS. Atg9 does not accumulate on Ref(2)P upon loss of Atg18 or Vps34, while FIP200 does. Atg18 simultaneously interacts with both Atg9 and Ref(2)P.
The Atg2–Atg18 complex acts in parallel to Atg8 and regulates Atg9 recycling from phagophore assembly site (PAS) during autophagy in yeast. Here we show that in Drosophila, both Atg9 and Atg18 are required for Atg8a puncta formation, unlike Atg2. Selective autophagic degradation of ubiquitinated proteins is mediated by Ref(2)P/p62. The transmembrane protein Atg9 accumulates on refractory to Sigma P (Ref(2)P) aggregates in Atg7, Atg8a and Atg2 mutants. No accumulation of Atg9 is seen on Ref(2)P in cells lacking Atg18 or Vps34 lipid kinase function, while the Atg1 complex subunit FIP200 is recruited. The simultaneous interaction of Atg18 with both Atg9 and Ref(2)P raises the possibility that Atg18 may facilitate selective degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates by autophagy. Ref(2)Pphysically interacts with Atg18 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction) Atg18physically interacts with Atg2 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction) CG8678physically interacts with Atg2 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction) Atg18physically interacts with atg9 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction)
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Nagy
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Hegedűs
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Karolina Pircs
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Varga
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.
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Abstract
Glycolipids are synthesized in and on various organelles throughout the cell. Their trafficking inside the cell is complex and involves both vesicular and protein-mediated machineries. Most important for the bulk lipid transport is the vesicular system, however, lipids moved by transfer proteins are also becoming more characterized. Here we review the latest advances in the glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) and the phosphoinositol 4-phosphate adaptor protein-2 (FAPP2) field, from a membrane point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tuuf
- Biochemistry, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Peter Mattjus
- Biochemistry, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
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Dodson M, Darley-Usmar V, Zhang J. Cellular metabolic and autophagic pathways: traffic control by redox signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 63:207-21. [PMID: 23702245 PMCID: PMC3729625 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 427] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It has been established that the key metabolic pathways of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation are intimately related to redox biology through control of cell signaling. Under physiological conditions glucose metabolism is linked to control of the NADH/NAD redox couple, as well as providing the major reductant, NADPH, for thiol-dependent antioxidant defenses. Retrograde signaling from the mitochondrion to the nucleus or cytosol controls cell growth and differentiation. Under pathological conditions mitochondria are targets for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and are critical in controlling apoptotic cell death. At the interface of these metabolic pathways, the autophagy-lysosomal pathway functions to maintain mitochondrial quality and generally serves an important cytoprotective function. In this review we will discuss the autophagic response to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that are generated from perturbations of cellular glucose metabolism and bioenergetic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dodson
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham VA Medical Center
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Jianhua Zhang, Ph.D., Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BMRII-534, 901 19 Street S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA, Phone: 205-996-5153; Fax: 205-934-7447;
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30
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Liu H, He Z, Simon HU. Targeting autophagy as a potential therapeutic approach for melanoma therapy. Semin Cancer Biol. 2013;23:352-360. [PMID: 23831275 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma, occurring as a rapidly progressive skin cancer, is resistant to current chemo- and radiotherapy, especially after metastases to distant organs has taken place. Most chemotherapeutic drugs exert their cytotoxic effect by inducing apoptosis, which, however, is often deficient in cancer cells. Thus, it is appropriate to attempt the targeting of alternative pathways, which regulate cellular viability. Recent studies of autophagy, a well-conserved cellular catabolic process, promise to improve the therapeutic outcome in melanoma patients. Although a dual role for autophagy in cancer therapy has been reported, both protecting against and promoting cell death, the potential for using autophagy in cancer therapy seems to be promising. Here, we review the recent literature on the role of autophagy in melanoma with respect to the expression of autophagic markers, the involvement of autophagy in chemo- and immunotherapy, as well as the role of autophagy in hypoxia and altered metabolic pathways employed for melanoma therapy.
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31
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Amoasii L, Hnia K, Chicanne G, Brech A, Cowling BS, Müller MM, Schwab Y, Koebel P, Ferry A, Payrastre B, Laporte J. Myotubularin and PtdIns3P remodel the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle in vivo. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:1806-19. [PMID: 23444364 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.118505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is a specialized form of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in skeletal muscle and is essential for calcium homeostasis. The mechanisms involved in SR remodeling and maintenance of SR subdomains are elusive. In this study, we identified myotubularin (MTM1), a phosphoinositide phosphatase mutated in X-linked centronuclear myopathy (XLCNM, or myotubular myopathy), as a key regulator of phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PtdIns3P) levels at the SR. MTM1 is predominantly located at the SR cisternae of the muscle triads, and Mtm1-deficient mouse muscles and myoblasts from XLCNM patients exhibit abnormal SR/ER networks. In vivo modulation of MTM1 enzymatic activity in skeletal muscle using ectopic expression of wild-type or a dead-phosphatase MTM1 protein leads to differential SR remodeling. Active MTM1 is associated with flat membrane stacks, whereas dead-phosphatase MTM1 mutant promotes highly curved cubic membranes originating from the SR and enriched in PtdIns3P. Overexpression of a tandem FYVE domain with high affinity for PtdIns3P alters the shape of the SR cisternae at the triad. Our findings, supported by the parallel analysis of the Mtm1-null mouse and an in vivo study, reveal a direct function of MTM1 enzymatic activity in SR remodeling and a key role for PtdIns3P in promoting SR membrane curvature in skeletal muscle. We propose that alteration in SR remodeling is a primary cause of X-linked centronuclear myopathy. The tight regulation of PtdIns3P on specific membrane subdomains may be a general mechanism to control membrane curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonela Amoasii
- Department of Translational Medicine, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
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Papadopoulos T, Soykan T. The role of collybistin in gephyrin clustering at inhibitory synapses: facts and open questions. Front Cell Neurosci 2011; 5:11. [PMID: 21738498 PMCID: PMC3125517 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2011.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collybistin (Cb) is a brain-specific GDP/GTP-exchange factor, which interacts with the inhibitory receptor anchoring protein gephyrin. Data from mice carrying an inactivated Cb gene indicate that Cb is required for the formation and maintenance of gephyrin and gephyrin-dependent GABA(A) receptor (GABA(A)R) clusters at inhibitory postsynapses in selected regions of the mammalian forebrain. However, important aspects of how Cb's GDP/GTP-exchange activity, structure, and regulation contribute to gephyrin and GABA(A)R clustering, as well as its role in synaptic plasticity, remain poorly understood. Here we review the current state of knowledge about Cb's function and address open questions concerning its contribution to synapse formation, maintenance, plasticity, and adaptive changes in response to altered network activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theofilos Papadopoulos
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max-Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine , Göttingen, Germany
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